WO2014158010A1 - Glauconite coated granular mineral fertilizers and method of obtaining thereof - Google Patents

Glauconite coated granular mineral fertilizers and method of obtaining thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014158010A1
WO2014158010A1 PCT/LT2014/000005 LT2014000005W WO2014158010A1 WO 2014158010 A1 WO2014158010 A1 WO 2014158010A1 LT 2014000005 W LT2014000005 W LT 2014000005W WO 2014158010 A1 WO2014158010 A1 WO 2014158010A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
glauconite
fertilizers
coating
granules
binder
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PCT/LT2014/000005
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French (fr)
Inventor
Artūras SVOBUTAS
Zenon PROKOPOVIČ
Vladimir Denisov
Algimantas KINTA
Original Assignee
Svobutas Artūras
Prokopovič Zenon
Vladimir Denisov
Kinta Algimantas
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Publication of WO2014158010A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014158010A1/en

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05CNITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C3/00Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
    • C05C3/005Post-treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00Fertilisers containing potassium
    • C05D1/04Fertilisers containing potassium from minerals or volcanic rocks
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00Other inorganic fertilisers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/20Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for preventing the fertilisers being reduced to powder; Anti-dusting additives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/30Anti-agglomerating additives; Anti-solidifying additives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/30Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings

Definitions

  • the invention is related to the industry of mineral fertilizers and can be applied to production of granulated fertilizers with coating.
  • Granulated mineral fertilizers with coating are free-flowing granules covered with outer coating.
  • Granules can be made of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) compounds such as ammonium sulphate, ammonium phosphate, urea, superphosphate, dicalcium phosphate, calcium phosphate, potassium sulphate, potassium chloride, magnesium oxide, magnesium sulphate, etc., or of mixtures of these compounds, they can also contain supplementary additives - secondary nutrients, trace elements, growth promoters (stimulators) and fillings.
  • the outer coating has a number of functions: it mechanically reinforces, granules, does not allow granules to stick together, protects granules from moisture and other effects during handling, transportation and storage of fertilizers, ensures safety while using and storing fertilizers, prevents dehydration processes, reduces or stops the leaching of nutrients due to excessive rainfall and irrigation, protects granules from dust, prevents conversion of soluble substances into insoluble ones, slows down or regulates solution of nutrients, regulates fertilizer effectiveness time, etc.
  • the coating consists of a covering material and a binder.
  • covering material is a homogeneous mixture of calcium sulphate and ammonium nitrate.
  • calcium sulphate - semi-hydrated calcium sulphate (gypsum), calcium sulphate anhydride are examples of calcium sulphate - semi-hydrated calcium sulphate (gypsum), calcium sulphate anhydride.
  • Such coating ensures safe storage, handling and usage of fertilizers but does not perform other functions of coatings.
  • the patent WO 2004000759 - a covering material is dolomite, magnesium sulphate, calcium carbonate, potassium or sodium sulphate.
  • a binder is urea formaldehyde. In this case the part of substances that can be easily absorbed by plants is lost due to physical and chemical properties of the coating.
  • the patent WO09526942 - granules are covered with 5-10 ⁇ polymeric film.
  • Polymers can be thermoplastic materials: polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, etc., and thermo- reactive materials: epoxy resins, polyurethane, aminoplasts. Mineral fertilizers with such granule coating have slow effect but such coating is expensive and not eco-friendly.
  • the prototype is the patent FI1 19324 wherein it is suggested to cover granules with the gel of mineral or synthetic oil and clay (e.g. magnesium silicate, bentonite, etc.).
  • clay e.g. magnesium silicate, bentonite, etc.
  • Such covering of granules protects human hands from dehydration when touching mineral fertilizers but does not fully perform other functions of coatings.
  • the aim of this invention is to minimize soil contamination with by-products, to increase the degree of absorption of useful materials and to simplify the covering technology.
  • mineral fertilizer granules with coating containing glauconite as a covering material and a binder: aqueous solution of nitrogen, potassium or phosphorus compounds or their mixtures.
  • Glauconite is a silicate mineral belonging to phyllosilicates, mica group. Chemical composition of glauconite may vary depending on its origin; it consists of the following components: potassium oxide (K 2 0) - 4,4-9,4%, sodium oxide (Na 2 0) - 0-3,5%, aluminium oxide (A1 2 0 3 ) - 5,5-22,6%, iron oxides - (FeO) 0,8-8,6%, (Fe 2 0 3 ) - 6, 1-27,9%, magnesium oxide (MgO) - 2,4-4,5%, silicon oxide (Si0 2 ) - 47,6-52,9%, water (H 2 0) - 4,9- 13,5%.
  • Glauconite can be used for sorption of organic liquids and gases and as agrochemical raw material for soil improvement and fertilization. Depending on the raw material deposit glauconite may be used with /or without primary processing - removal of clay and sand impurities.
  • Phosphate-glauconite concentrate is a natural mined material that can be found, for example, in - Donbas (Ukraine).
  • Phosphate-glauconite concentrate consists of the following main components: phosphorus pentoxide (P 2 0 5 ) - 7-8 %, potassium oxide (K 2 0) - 2-3%, calcium oxide (CaO) - 19 - 20%.
  • the coating comprises 10,0 - 99.0 % (preferably 20.0 - 60.0%) of the whole granule weight;
  • - concentration of the binder, aqueous solution of nitrogen, potassium or phosphorus compounds or their mixtures comprises 10,0 - 95,0 %, preferably 10.0 - 30.0%;
  • the binder comprises 0,5 - 20,0 % (preferably 5.0 - 15.0%) of the coating;
  • - coating thickness is 0, 1 - 1.5 mm.
  • the .first, method... Glauconite or .phosphate-glauconite. concentrate shall be crushed (milled) in order to achieve 1- 500 ⁇ fraction.
  • the obtained powder shall be mixed with an aqueous solution of nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus compounds or their mixtures.
  • mineral fertilizer granules shall be covered with the coating until the necessary size is achieved.
  • the procedure shall be carried out at normal temperature.
  • wet granules shall be dried at the temperature of 65 °C for 3 hours. After drying granules of 2-4 mm fraction shall appear.
  • the second method Already formed granules shall be fed to the granulator. An aqueous solution of the binder and glauconite or phosphate-glauconite concentrate powder shall be sprayed on them through the nozzles. Granules shall be covered with glauconite or phosphate-glauconite concentrate powder until the necessary size is achieved. The, procedure shall be carried out at normal temperature. Then wet granules shall be dried at the temperature of 65 °C for 3 hours. After drying the granules of 2-4 mm fraction shall appear.
  • Binder - aqueous urea solution Binder - aqueous urea solution.
  • Example 1 Recipe for covering of urea ((NH 2 ) 2 CO) granules. Weight, g
  • Example 2 Recipe for covering of ammonium nitrate ((NH 4 ) (N0 3 )) granules.
  • Example 3 Recipe for covering of complex NPK fertilizer granules.
  • Granulated mineral fertilizers and granule covering method being offered distinguish for the following properties: - Natural inorganic materials already being mineral fertilizers themselves are used for the coating;
  • - Fertilizers distinguish for good mechanical and physical-chemical properties: granules are not dusty, does not decompose, swell or stick together during storage, transportation and use;

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention is related to the industry of mineral fertilizers and can be applied to production of granulated fertilizers with coating. Granulated mineral fertilizers with coating are free-flowing granules covered with outer coating. In this invention it is suggested to cover mineral fertilizer granules with coating containing glauconite or phosphate-glauconite concentrate as a covering material and a binder - aqueous solution of nitrogen, potassium or phosphorus compounds or their mixtures. ˙

Description

GLAUCONITE COATED GRANULAR MINERAL FERTILIZERS
AND METHOD OF OBTAINING THEREOF
The invention is related to the industry of mineral fertilizers and can be applied to production of granulated fertilizers with coating.
Granulated mineral fertilizers with coating are free-flowing granules covered with outer coating.
Granules can be made of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) compounds such as ammonium sulphate, ammonium phosphate, urea, superphosphate, dicalcium phosphate, calcium phosphate, potassium sulphate, potassium chloride, magnesium oxide, magnesium sulphate, etc., or of mixtures of these compounds, they can also contain supplementary additives - secondary nutrients, trace elements, growth promoters (stimulators) and fillings. The outer coating has a number of functions: it mechanically reinforces, granules, does not allow granules to stick together, protects granules from moisture and other effects during handling, transportation and storage of fertilizers, ensures safety while using and storing fertilizers, prevents dehydration processes, reduces or stops the leaching of nutrients due to excessive rainfall and irrigation, protects granules from dust, prevents conversion of soluble substances into insoluble ones, slows down or regulates solution of nutrients, regulates fertilizer effectiveness time, etc.
Different materials can be used for coating of granules. Usually the coating consists of a covering material and a binder.
There are many different granule coatings and their covering methods:
The patents WO2006090007, US2012024025 (granulated ammonium nitrate fertilizers): covering material is a homogeneous mixture of calcium sulphate and ammonium nitrate. There can be different variants of calcium sulphate - semi-hydrated calcium sulphate (gypsum), calcium sulphate anhydride. Such coating ensures safe storage, handling and usage of fertilizers but does not perform other functions of coatings.
The patent WO 2004000759 - a covering material is dolomite, magnesium sulphate, calcium carbonate, potassium or sodium sulphate. A binder is urea formaldehyde. In this case the part of substances that can be easily absorbed by plants is lost due to physical and chemical properties of the coating. The patent WO09526942 - granules are covered with 5-10 μ polymeric film. Polymers can be thermoplastic materials: polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, etc., and thermo- reactive materials: epoxy resins, polyurethane, aminoplasts. Mineral fertilizers with such granule coating have slow effect but such coating is expensive and not eco-friendly.
According to the technical solution the prototype is the patent FI1 19324 wherein it is suggested to cover granules with the gel of mineral or synthetic oil and clay (e.g. magnesium silicate, bentonite, etc.).
Such covering of granules protects human hands from dehydration when touching mineral fertilizers but does not fully perform other functions of coatings.
The aim of this invention is to minimize soil contamination with by-products, to increase the degree of absorption of useful materials and to simplify the covering technology.
In order to achieve the above aims it is suggested to cover mineral fertilizer granules with coating containing glauconite as a covering material and a binder: aqueous solution of nitrogen, potassium or phosphorus compounds or their mixtures.
Glauconite is a silicate mineral belonging to phyllosilicates, mica group. Chemical composition of glauconite may vary depending on its origin; it consists of the following components: potassium oxide (K20) - 4,4-9,4%, sodium oxide (Na20) - 0-3,5%, aluminium oxide (A1203) - 5,5-22,6%, iron oxides - (FeO) 0,8-8,6%, (Fe203) - 6, 1-27,9%, magnesium oxide (MgO) - 2,4-4,5%, silicon oxide (Si02) - 47,6-52,9%, water (H20) - 4,9- 13,5%. It consists of green small granules of different shades. Glauconite can be used for sorption of organic liquids and gases and as agrochemical raw material for soil improvement and fertilization. Depending on the raw material deposit glauconite may be used with /or without primary processing - removal of clay and sand impurities.
The other way to achieve the aim - it is suggested to cover mineral fertilizer granules with the coating containing phosphate-glauconite concentrate as a covering material and aqueous solution of nitrogen, potassium or phosphorus compounds or their mixtures as a binder.
Phosphate-glauconite concentrate is a natural mined material that can be found, for example, in - Donbas (Ukraine). Phosphate-glauconite concentrate consists of the following main components: phosphorus pentoxide (P205) - 7-8 %, potassium oxide (K20) - 2-3%, calcium oxide (CaO) - 19 - 20%.
Other essential features of the invention:
- the coating comprises 10,0 - 99.0 % (preferably 20.0 - 60.0%) of the whole granule weight;
- concentration of the binder, aqueous solution of nitrogen, potassium or phosphorus compounds or their mixtures, comprises 10,0 - 95,0 %, preferably 10.0 - 30.0%;
- the binder comprises 0,5 - 20,0 % (preferably 5.0 - 15.0%) of the coating;
- coating thickness is 0, 1 - 1.5 mm.
Granule covering method.
The .first, method... Glauconite or .phosphate-glauconite. concentrate shall be crushed (milled) in order to achieve 1- 500 μ fraction. The obtained powder shall be mixed with an aqueous solution of nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus compounds or their mixtures. In this mixture mineral fertilizer granules shall be covered with the coating until the necessary size is achieved. The procedure shall be carried out at normal temperature. Then wet granules shall be dried at the temperature of 65 °C for 3 hours. After drying granules of 2-4 mm fraction shall appear.
The second method. Already formed granules shall be fed to the granulator. An aqueous solution of the binder and glauconite or phosphate-glauconite concentrate powder shall be sprayed on them through the nozzles. Granules shall be covered with glauconite or phosphate-glauconite concentrate powder until the necessary size is achieved. The, procedure shall be carried out at normal temperature. Then wet granules shall be dried at the temperature of 65 °C for 3 hours. After drying the granules of 2-4 mm fraction shall appear.
Several recipes for covering of mineral fertilizers and characteristics of covered mineral fertilizer granules are presented below.
Covering material - phosphate-glauconite concentrate.
Binder - aqueous urea solution.
Example 1. Recipe for covering of urea ((NH2) 2CO) granules. Weight, g
Component Total Nitrogen, N p2o5 K20
Urea 3000 1386
Phosphate-glauconite concentrate 3000 224, 1 60
Aqueous urea solution 593,7 137,14
Total: 6593,7 1523,14 224, 1 60
Characteristics of urea granules covered with phosphate-glauconite concentrate.
Figure imgf000005_0001
Example 2. Recipe for covering of ammonium nitrate ((NH4) (N03)) granules.
Figure imgf000005_0002
Characteristics of ammonium nitrate granules covered with phosphate-glauconite concentrate: Component mass percentage %
Nitrogen, N 17,2
Part of phosphates after conversion into 3,8
P205
K20 0,5
Water 0,5
Water-insoluble part 38,3
Example 3. Recipe for covering of complex NPK fertilizer granules.
Figure imgf000006_0001
Characteristics of complex NPK fertilizer granules covered with phosphate-glauconite concentrate:
Figure imgf000006_0002
Granulated mineral fertilizers and granule covering method being offered distinguish for the following properties: - Natural inorganic materials already being mineral fertilizers themselves are used for the coating;
- Materials used for the coating have no side effect on the soil;
- Fertilizers improve cation metabolism in the soil;
- Improve water regime in the soil;
- Organic materials and microorganisms which have thousand years old heritage being in glauconite or phosphate-glauconite concentrate are retained within the coating;
- Fertilizers distinguish for good mechanical and physical-chemical properties: granules are not dusty, does not decompose, swell or stick together during storage, transportation and use;
- Granule covering procedure is cheap and very simple, being carried out at normal temperature.

Claims

1. Granulated mineral fertilizers consisting of free-flowing granules which contain nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium compounds or their mixtures covered with the coating which consists of an inorganic covering material and a binder, charakterized in that the covering material is glauconite powder and a binder is aqueous solution of nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium compounds being used in the production of mineral fertilizers or of their mixtures.
2. Granulated mineral fertilizers consisting of free-flowing granules which contain nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium compounds or their mixtures covered with the coating which consists of an inorganic covering material and a binder, charakterized in that the covering material is phosphate-glauconite concentrate powder and a binder is aqueous solution of nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium compounds being used in the production of mineral fertilizers or of their mixtures.
3. Fertilizers as defined in claims 1 and 2, charakterized in that the aqueous solution of urea is used as the binder.
4. Fertilizers as defined in claims 1-3, charakterized in that the coating comprises 10,0 - 99.0 % (preferably 20.0 - 60.0%) of the whole granule weight.
5. Fertilizers as defined in claims 1-3, charakterized in that the concentration of the binder, aqueous solution of nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium compounds or their mixtures, comprises 10,0 - 95,0 %, preferably 10.0 - 50.0%.
6. Fertilizers as defined in claims 1-3, charakterized in that the binder comprises 0,5 - 20,0 %, preferably 5.0 - 15.0%, of the coating.
7. Fertilizers as defined in claims 1 -3, charakterized in that the thickness of the coating is 0,1 - 1.5 mm.
8. Granule covering method charakterized in that the glauconite or phosphate-glauconite concentrate powder shall be mixed with aqueous solution of nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus compounds or their mixtures and granules shall be covered with it.
9. The method as defined in claim 8, charakterized in that the formed granules shall be fed to the granulator, aqueous solution of nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus compounds or their mixtures and glauconite or phosphate-glauconite concentrate powder shall be sprayed on them and granules shall be covered in such a way.
PCT/LT2014/000005 2013-03-25 2014-03-25 Glauconite coated granular mineral fertilizers and method of obtaining thereof WO2014158010A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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LT2013025 2013-03-25
LT2013025A LT6102B (en) 2013-03-25 2013-03-25 Granular mineral fertilizers and process for coating the same

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016080941A1 (en) * 2014-11-17 2016-05-26 Сергей АБРАМОВ Method for producing a mineral fertiliser

Citations (9)

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FI19324A (en) 1938-12-20 1942-09-15 Bromsregulator Svenska Ab Anordning för omställning av utväxlingsförhållandet vid fordonsbromsar
GB881517A (en) * 1958-02-06 1961-11-01 Karoly Szepesi Improvements in or relating to fertilizers
US3441400A (en) * 1965-06-28 1969-04-29 Wyandotte Chemicals Corp Porous mineral carrier impregnated with a nitrogen fertilizer
FR2520733A1 (en) * 1982-02-02 1983-08-05 Schering Ag FERTILIZER AT FIRST CONTROL OF THE RELEASE OF ACTIVE MATERIAL
US4493725A (en) * 1983-05-17 1985-01-15 Korea Advanced Institute Of Science And Technology Fertilizer product with sustained action and process therefor
EP0188969A1 (en) * 1984-12-24 1986-07-30 Compagnie Francaise De Produits Industriels Process and composition for preventing the agglomeration of non-powdery salts and fertilizers
WO1995026942A1 (en) 1994-04-04 1995-10-12 Oms Investments, Inc. Abrasion resistant coatings for fertilizers
WO2004000759A1 (en) 2002-06-20 2003-12-31 Kemira Growhow Oyj Coated fertiliser particles
WO2006090007A2 (en) 2005-02-25 2006-08-31 Kemira Growhow Oyj Ammonium nitrate granule and method for the preperation of the same

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LT4867B (en) 2000-01-13 2001-12-27 Uždaroji Akcinė Bendrovė "Ekolanka" Method for packing smoked and jerked meat products
FI119324B (en) 2005-03-24 2008-10-15 Yara Int Asa Fertilizer particle product, preparation and use thereof

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI19324A (en) 1938-12-20 1942-09-15 Bromsregulator Svenska Ab Anordning för omställning av utväxlingsförhållandet vid fordonsbromsar
GB881517A (en) * 1958-02-06 1961-11-01 Karoly Szepesi Improvements in or relating to fertilizers
US3441400A (en) * 1965-06-28 1969-04-29 Wyandotte Chemicals Corp Porous mineral carrier impregnated with a nitrogen fertilizer
FR2520733A1 (en) * 1982-02-02 1983-08-05 Schering Ag FERTILIZER AT FIRST CONTROL OF THE RELEASE OF ACTIVE MATERIAL
US4493725A (en) * 1983-05-17 1985-01-15 Korea Advanced Institute Of Science And Technology Fertilizer product with sustained action and process therefor
EP0188969A1 (en) * 1984-12-24 1986-07-30 Compagnie Francaise De Produits Industriels Process and composition for preventing the agglomeration of non-powdery salts and fertilizers
WO1995026942A1 (en) 1994-04-04 1995-10-12 Oms Investments, Inc. Abrasion resistant coatings for fertilizers
WO2004000759A1 (en) 2002-06-20 2003-12-31 Kemira Growhow Oyj Coated fertiliser particles
WO2006090007A2 (en) 2005-02-25 2006-08-31 Kemira Growhow Oyj Ammonium nitrate granule and method for the preperation of the same
US20120024025A1 (en) 2005-02-25 2012-02-02 Mikko Lylykangas Ammonium nitrate granule and method for the preparation of the same

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016080941A1 (en) * 2014-11-17 2016-05-26 Сергей АБРАМОВ Method for producing a mineral fertiliser
EA031543B1 (en) * 2014-11-17 2019-01-31 БОЛСУНОВ, Паул Method for producing a mineral fertiliser

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LT6102B (en) 2014-12-29

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