LT6102B - Granular mineral fertilizers and process for coating the same - Google Patents
Granular mineral fertilizers and process for coating the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- LT6102B LT6102B LT2013025A LT2013025A LT6102B LT 6102 B LT6102 B LT 6102B LT 2013025 A LT2013025 A LT 2013025A LT 2013025 A LT2013025 A LT 2013025A LT 6102 B LT6102 B LT 6102B
- Authority
- LT
- Lithuania
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- glauconite
- nitrogen
- granules
- binder
- Prior art date
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052631 glauconite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000003112 potassium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 calcium sulphate anhydride Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FZFYOUJTOSBFPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dipotassium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+].[K+] FZFYOUJTOSBFPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012245 magnesium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019739 Dicalciumphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003180 amino resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CAMXVZOXBADHNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium nitrite Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]N=O CAMXVZOXBADHNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K dicalcium phosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000390 dicalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940038472 dicalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007952 growth promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011785 micronutrient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013369 micronutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000957 no side effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
- C05C3/005—Post-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
- C05D1/04—Fertilisers containing potassium from minerals or volcanic rocks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/20—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for preventing the fertilisers being reduced to powder; Anti-dusting additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/30—Anti-agglomerating additives; Anti-solidifying additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Išradimas priklauso mineralinių trąšų pramonei ir gali būti panaudotas granuliuotų trąšų su apvalkalu gamyboje.The present invention relates to the mineral fertilizer industry and can be used in the manufacture of granular fertilizers with a coating.
Granuliuotos mineralinės trąšos su apvalkalu - tai birios granulės, padengtos išoriniu apvalkalu.Granulated mineral fertilizers with a coating are bulk granules with an outer coating.
Granulės gali būti sudarytos iš azoto (N), fosforo( P), kalio (K) junginių, tokių kaip amonio sulfatas, amonio fosfatas, karbamidas, superfosfatas, dikalcio fosfatas, kalcio fosfatas, kalio sulfatas, kalio chloridas, magnio oksidas, magnio sulfatas ir kt., arba šių junginių mišinių, taip pat jos gali turėti papildomus priedus - antrines maisto medžiagas, mikroelementus, augimo aktyvatorius (stimuliatorius) ir užpildus.Granules may be composed of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) compounds such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, urea, superphosphate, dicalcium phosphate, calcium phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, magnesium oxide, magnesium sulfate etc., or mixtures of these compounds, and may also contain additional additives such as secondary nutrients, micronutrients, growth promoters, and fillers.
Išorinis apvalkalas atlieka visą eilę funkcijų: mechaniškai sutvirtina granules, neleidžia granulėms sulipti, apsaugo granules nuo drėgmės ir kitų poveikių trąšas saugant, transportuojant bei sandėliuojant, užtikrina saugumą trąšas naudojant, sandėliuojant, stabdo dehidratacijos procesus, sulėtina arba stabdo maistingų medžiagų išplovimą dėl perteklinių atmosferos kritulių bei laistymo, apsaugo granules nuo dulkėjimo, stabdo tirpstančių medžiagų virtimą netirpstančiomis, sulėtina arba reguliuoja maisto medžiagų tirpimą, reguliuoja trąšų veikimo laiką ir kita.The outer casing performs a number of functions: mechanically solidifies the granules, prevents the granules from sticking, protects the granules from moisture and other effects during storage, transport and storage of fertilizers; and watering, protects pellets from dusting, stops soluble substances from becoming insoluble, slows or regulates nutrient dissolution, regulates fertilizer life, and more.
Granulių apvalkalui gali būti panaudotos įvairios medžiagos, dažniausiai apvalkalas susideda iš padengimo medžiagos ir rišančiosios medžiagos.A variety of materials can be used to coat the pellets, the coating usually consisting of a coating material and a binder.
Yra žinomi labai įvairūs granulių apvalkalai ir jų padengimo būdai:A wide variety of bead casings and methods of coating are known:
Patentai VV02006090007, US2012024025 (granuliuotos amonio nitrato trąšos): padengimo medžiaga - kalcio sulfato ir amonio nitrato homogeninis mišinys. Kalcio sulfato gali būti įvairios atmainos - pusiau hidratuotas kalcio sulfatas (gipsas), kalcio sulfato anhidridas. Trąšos tampa saugios sandėliavimui, saugojimui ir naudojimui, bet šis padengimas neatlieka kitų apvalkalams skirtų funkcijų.Patents WO02006090007, US2012024025 (Granular Ammonium Nitrate Fertilizer): Coating Material - Homogeneous Mixture of Calcium Sulphate and Ammonium Nitrate. Calcium sulphate can be in various forms - semi-hydrated calcium sulphate (gypsum), calcium sulphate anhydride. Fertilizers are safe for storage, storage and use, but this coating does not perform other functions for the shells.
Patentas WO 2004000759 - padengimo medžiaga - dolomitas, magnio sulfatas, kalcio karbonatas, kalio arba natrio sulfatas. Rišančioj! medžiaga karbamido formaldehidas. Šiuo atveju dėl fizinių ir cheminių apvalkalo savybių prarandama dalis augalų lengvai įsisavinamų medžiagų.WO 2004000759 - coating material - dolomite, magnesium sulfate, calcium carbonate, potassium or sodium sulfate. Shit! substance urea formaldehyde. In this case, the physical and chemical properties of the shell result in the loss of some of the plant's readily absorbed material.
Patentas VV009526942 - granulės padengiamos 5-10 μ polimerine plėvele. Polimerais gali būti termoplastinės medžiagos - polivinilo acetatas, polivinilchloridas, poliamidas ir kt., o taip pat termoreaktyvinės medžiagos - epoksidinės dervos, poliuretanas, aminoplastai. Mineralinės trąšos su tokiu granulių padengimu yra lėto veikimo, bet toks padengimas yra brangus ir neekologiškas.Patent VV009526942 - The beads are coated with a 5-10 μ polymer film. Polymers can be thermoplastic materials - polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, etc., as well as thermosetting materials - epoxy resins, polyurethane, aminoplasts. Mineral fertilizers with such a pellet coating are slow acting, but such coating is expensive and non-organic.
Pagal techninį sprendimą prototipas yra patentas FI119324, kuriame siūloma granules padengti mineralinės ar sintetinės alyvos ir molio (pvz., magnio silikato, bentonito ir kt) geliu (žele).According to a technical solution, the prototype is patent FI119324, which proposes to coat the granules with a gel of a mineral or synthetic oil and clay (e.g. magnesium silicate, bentonite, etc.).
Toks granulių padengimas apsaugo žmogaus rankas nuo dehidratacijos liečiant mineralines trąšas, bet nepilnai atlieka kitas apvalkalams skirtas funkcijas.Such pellet coating protects human hands from dehydration when touching mineral fertilizers, but does not fully perform other functions intended for sheathing.
Šio išradimo tikslas - iki minimumo sumažinti dirvos užterštumą pašaliniais produktais, padidinti naudingų medžiagų įsisavinimo laipsnį ir supaprastinti apvalkalo padengimo technologiją.The object of the present invention is to minimize soil contamination by by-products, to increase the uptake rate of useful materials and to simplify the coating technology.
Siekiant įgyvendinti šiuos tikslus, mineralinių trąšų granules siūloma dengti apvalkalu, kuriame kaip padengimo medžiaga panaudotas glaukonitas, rišamoji medžiaga - azoto, kalio arba fosforo junginių, arba jų mišinių vandeninis tirpalas.To achieve these aims, it is proposed to coat the mineral fertilizer pellets with a coating consisting of glauconite as the coating material and an aqueous solution of nitrogen, potassium or phosphorus compounds or mixtures thereof.
Glaukonitas - tai silikatų klasės mineralas, priklausantis filosilikatams, žėručio grupei.Glauconite is a silicate-grade mineral belonging to the group of mica, which is a member of the phyllosilicates.
Glaukonito cheminė sudėtis priklausomai nuo kilmės gali labai kisti ir susideda iš šių komponentų: kalio oksido (K2O) - 4,4-9,4 %, natrio oksido (Na2O) - 03,5 %, aliuminio oksido (AI2O3) - 5,5-22,6 %, geležies oksidų - (FeO) 0,8-8,6 %, (Fe2O3) - 6,1-27,9 %, magnio oksido (MgO) - 2,4-4,5 %, silicio oksido (SiO2) - 47,652,9 %, vandens (H2O) - 4,9-13,5 %. Tai įvairaus atspalvio žali smulkūs grūdeliai. Glaukonitas gali būti naudojamas organinių skysčių bei dujų sorbcijai ir kaip agrocheminė žaliava dirvožemių gerinimui bei tręšimui. Priklausomai nuo žaliavos telkinio glaukonitas gali būti naudojamas be/arba su pirminiu perdirbimu - molio ir smėlio priemaišų atskyrimu.The chemical composition of glauconite can vary greatly depending on its origin and consists of the following components: potassium oxide (K 2 O) - 4.4-9.4%, sodium oxide (Na 2 O) - 03.5%, alumina (AI 2 O3), - from 5.5 to 22.6% iron oxide - (FeO), 0.8 to 8.6% (Fe 2 O) 3 - 6.1 to 27.9%, magnesium oxide (MgO) - 2, 4-4.5%, silica (SiO 2 ) - 47,652.9%, water (H 2 O) - 4.9-13.5%. They are green fine grains of various shades. Glauconite can be used for sorption of organic liquids and gases and as an agrochemical raw material for soil improvement and fertilization. Depending on the raw material, glauconite can be used without / or with primary processing - separation of clay and sand impurities.
Kitas variantas tikslui pasiekti - mineralinių trąšų granules siūloma dengti apvalkalu, kuriame kaip padengimo medžiaga panaudotas fosfato-glaukonito koncentratas, rišamoji medžiaga - azoto, kalio, arba fosforo junginių, arba jų mišinių vandeninis tirpalas.Another alternative is to coat the mineral fertilizer pellets with a coating consisting of a phosphate-glauconite concentrate as a coating material and an aqueous solution of nitrogen, potassium or phosphorus compounds or mixtures thereof as a binder.
Fosfato - glaukonito koncentratas yra natūrali iškastinė medžiaga, randama pvz., Donbase (Ukraina). Fosfato - glaukonito koncentratas susideda iš šių pagrindinių komponentų: fosforo pentoksido (P2O5) -7-8 %, kalio oksido (K2O) - 2-3%, kalcio oksido (CaO) -19 - 20 %.Phosphate-glauconite concentrate is a natural fossil found in, for example, Donbase (Ukraine). Phosphate - glauconite concentrate consists of the following main components: phosphorus pentoxide (P 2 O 5 ) -7-8%, potassium oxide (K 2 O) - 2-3%, calcium oxide (CaO) -19 - 20%.
Kiti esminiai išradimo požymiai:Other essential features of the invention include:
- apvalkalas sudaro 10,0 - 99,0 %, geriau 20,0 - 60,0 % visos granulės masės;the coating comprises 10.0 - 99.0%, preferably 20.0 - 60.0% of the total weight of the granule;
- rišamosios medžiagos - azoto, kalio, arba fosforo junginių, arba jų mišinių vandeninio tirpalo koncentracija 10,0 - 95,0 %, geriau 10,0 - 30,0 %;- the binder is an aqueous solution of nitrogen, potassium or phosphorus compounds or mixtures thereof in an amount of 10.0 - 95.0%, preferably 10.0 - 30.0%;
- rišamosios medžiagos kiekis apvalkale sudaro 0,5 - 20,0 %, geriau 5,0 15,0 %; - apvalkalo storis 0,1-1,5 mm.- the amount of binder in the coating is 0.5 - 20.0%, preferably 5.0 - 15.0%; - Shell thickness 0.1-1.5 mm.
Granulių padengimo būdas.Method of coating pellets.
Pirmas būdas. Glaukonitą arba fosfato-glaukonito koncentratą susmulkina (sumala) iki 1- 500 μ frakcijos. Gautus miltelius sumaišo su azoto, kalio, fosforo junginių, arba jų mišinių vandeniniu tirpalu. Šiame mišinyje mineralinių trąšų granules iki reikiamo dydžio aptraukia apvalkalu. Procesą vykdo normalioje temperatūroje. Drėgnos granulės toliau džiovinamos 65 °C temperatūroje 3 vai. Po džiovinimo išskirtos 2-4 mm frakcijos granulės.The first way. Glauconite or phosphate-glauconite concentrate is comminuted to a fraction of 1-500 μ. The resulting powder is mixed with an aqueous solution of nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus compounds, or mixtures thereof. In this mixture, mineral fertilizer pellets are sheathed to the required size. The process is carried out at normal temperature. The wet pellets were further dried at 65 ° C for 3 hours. After drying, pellets of 2-4 mm fraction were isolated.
Antras būdas. Į granuliatorių paduoda jau suformuotas granules. Per purkštukus ant jų purškia vandeninį rišamosios medžiagos tirpalą ir glaukonito arba fosfato -glaukonito koncentrato miltelius. Granules iki reikiamo dydžio apvolioja glaukonito arba fosfato -glaukonito koncentrato milteliais. Procesą vykdo normalioje temperatūroje. Drėgnos granulės toliau džiovinamos 65 °C temperatūroje 3 vai. Po džiovinimo išskirtos 2-4 mm frakcijos granulės.The second way. Feeds already formed pellets into the granulator. The nozzles are sprayed with an aqueous binder solution and powder for glauconite or phosphate-glauconite concentrate. The granules are rolled to the required size in powdered glauconite or phosphate-glauconite concentrate. The process is carried out at normal temperature. The wet pellets were further dried at 65 ° C for 3 hours. After drying, pellets of 2-4 mm fraction were isolated.
Pateikiamos kelios mineralinių trąšų padengimo receptūros ir padengtų mineralinių trąšų granulių charakteristikos.Several formulas of mineral fertilizer coating and characteristics of coated mineral fertilizer granules are presented.
Dengiamoji medžiaga - fosfato- glaukonito koncentratas.The coating material is phosphate-glauconite concentrate.
Rišančioj! medžiaga - karbamido vandeninis tirpalas.Shit! The substance is an aqueous solution of urea.
Pavyzdys 1. Karbamido ((NH2)2CO) granulių padengimo receptūra.Example 1. Formulation for coating urea ((NH 2 ) 2 CO) granules.
Karbamido granulių padengtų fosfato-glaukonito koncentratu charakteristikos:Characteristics of urea granules coated with phosphate-glauconite concentrate:
Pavyzdys 2. Amonio salietros ((NH4) (NO3) granulių padengimo receptūra.Example 2. Formulation for the coating of ammonium nitrate ((NH 4 ) (NO 3 ) pellets.
Amonio salietros granulių padengtų fosfato-glaukonito koncentratų charakteristikos:Characteristics of phosphate-glauconite concentrates coated with ammonium nitrate beads:
Pavyzdys 3. Kompleksinių NPK trąšų granulių padengimo receptūra.Example 3. Formula for coating granules of complex NPK fertilizers.
Kompleksinių NPK trąšų granulių padengtų fosfato- glaukonito koncentratu charakteristikos:Characteristics of complex NPK fertilizer granules coated with phosphate-glauconite concentrate:
Siūlomos granuliuotos mineralinės trąšos ir granulių padengimo būdas pasižymi sekančiomis savybėmis:The proposed granular mineral fertilizers and the method of coating the granules have the following properties:
apvalkale naudojamos natūralios gamtinės neorganinės medžiagos, kurios pačios jau yra mineralinės trąšos;natural, inorganic substances which are themselves mineral fertilizers;
apvalkalo medžiagos neturi jokio šalutinio poveikio dirvožemiui; trąšos gerina katijoninę medžiagų apykaitą dirvožemyje; gerina vandens režimą dirvožemyje;the shell materials have no side effects on the soil; fertilizers improve cationic metabolism in soil; improves soil water regime;
apvalkale išsaugoma glaukonite arba fosfato-glaukonito koncentrate esančios organinės medžiagos ir mikroorganizmai, kurie turi šimtų tūkstančių metų senumo paveldą;the shell preserves organic matter and microorganisms contained in glauconite or phosphate-glauconite concentrate, which have a heritage of hundreds of thousands of years;
trąšos turi geras mechanines ir fizines - chemines savybes: granulės nedulka, nesuyra, neišbrinksta, nesulimpa saugant, transportuojant ir naudojant;the fertilizer has good mechanical and physical - chemical properties: granules do not dust, decompose, swell, stick to storage, transport and use;
granulių padengimo procesas yra pigus ir labai paprastas, vykdomas normalioje temperatūroje.the pellet coating process is cheap and very simple and is carried out at normal temperature.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| LT2013025A LT6102B (en) | 2013-03-25 | 2013-03-25 | Granular mineral fertilizers and process for coating the same |
| PCT/LT2014/000005 WO2014158010A1 (en) | 2013-03-25 | 2014-03-25 | Glauconite coated granular mineral fertilizers and method of obtaining thereof |
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| LT2013025A LT6102B (en) | 2013-03-25 | 2013-03-25 | Granular mineral fertilizers and process for coating the same |
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| LT6102B true LT6102B (en) | 2014-12-29 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995026942A1 (en) | 1994-04-04 | 1995-10-12 | Oms Investments, Inc. | Abrasion resistant coatings for fertilizers |
| LT4867B (en) | 2000-01-13 | 2001-12-27 | Uždaroji Akcinė Bendrovė "Ekolanka" | Method for packing smoked and jerked meat products |
| WO2004000759A1 (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2003-12-31 | Kemira Growhow Oyj | Coated fertiliser particles |
| WO2006090007A2 (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2006-08-31 | Kemira Growhow Oyj | Ammonium nitrate granule and method for the preperation of the same |
| FI119324B (en) | 2005-03-24 | 2008-10-15 | Yara Int Asa | Fertilizer particle product, preparation and use thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FI19324A (en) | 1938-12-20 | 1942-09-15 | Bromsregulator Svenska Ab | Anordning för omställning av utväxlingsförhållandet vid fordonsbromsar |
| GB881517A (en) * | 1958-02-06 | 1961-11-01 | Karoly Szepesi | Improvements in or relating to fertilizers |
| US3441400A (en) * | 1965-06-28 | 1969-04-29 | Wyandotte Chemicals Corp | Porous mineral carrier impregnated with a nitrogen fertilizer |
| DE3203849A1 (en) * | 1982-02-02 | 1983-08-11 | Schering Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 4619 Bergkamen | FERTILIZER WITH CONTROLLED START OF NUTRIENT DELIVERY |
| US4493725A (en) * | 1983-05-17 | 1985-01-15 | Korea Advanced Institute Of Science And Technology | Fertilizer product with sustained action and process therefor |
| FR2575084A1 (en) * | 1984-12-24 | 1986-06-27 | Produits Ind Cie Fse | METHOD AND COMPOSITION FOR ANTIMOTTING SALTS OR NON-POWDERY FERTILIZERS |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995026942A1 (en) | 1994-04-04 | 1995-10-12 | Oms Investments, Inc. | Abrasion resistant coatings for fertilizers |
| LT4867B (en) | 2000-01-13 | 2001-12-27 | Uždaroji Akcinė Bendrovė "Ekolanka" | Method for packing smoked and jerked meat products |
| WO2004000759A1 (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2003-12-31 | Kemira Growhow Oyj | Coated fertiliser particles |
| WO2006090007A2 (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2006-08-31 | Kemira Growhow Oyj | Ammonium nitrate granule and method for the preperation of the same |
| US20120024025A1 (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2012-02-02 | Mikko Lylykangas | Ammonium nitrate granule and method for the preparation of the same |
| FI119324B (en) | 2005-03-24 | 2008-10-15 | Yara Int Asa | Fertilizer particle product, preparation and use thereof |
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| WO2014158010A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
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