WO2014154970A1

WO2014154970A1 - Construction element for erecting a modular green wall

Info

Publication number: WO2014154970A1
Application number: PCT/FR2014/050582
Authority: WO
Inventors: Pascal Peleszezak
Original assignee: Canevaflor
Priority date: 2013-03-25
Filing date: 2014-03-13
Publication date: 2014-10-02
Also published as: FR3003430A1; FR3003430B1; EP2978304A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction element (8) for erecting a modular green wall comprising a first compartment (10) provided for receiving a planting substrate and irrigation means, the first compartment (10) including an upper portion (10a) provided such as to be facing upward and a lower portion (10b) provided such as to be facing downward, wherein the construction element (8) comprises a second compartment (12) including an upper portion (12a) provided such as to be facing upward and a lower portion (12b) provided such as to be facing downward, and the first compartment (10) and the second compartment (12) are arranged on either side of at least one surface for erecting (P) the green wall and are offset such that the lower portion (12b) of the second compartment (12) covers all or part of the upper portion (10a) of the first compartment (10), or vice-versa.

Description

CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT FOR ERECTION OF A VEGETAL WALL

MODULAR

The present invention relates to a building element for the erection of a plant wall and a module comprising this building element.

Document FR2956946 discloses a plant wall formed by a stack of a plurality of building elements.

Each building element comprises a compartment receiving a planting substrate and a gutter forming irrigation means. The compartment has a perforated outer face to allow the expansion of plants planted in the planting substrate and an inner face opposite to the outer face.

Such a green wall is likely to be used in urban areas on the one hand for aesthetic reasons and on the other hand for reasons of depollution of the ambient air, in particular by transforming the carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) of the ambient air by photosynthesis.

A disadvantage of such a green wall is that it allows the planting of plants on one side only. In addition, such a green wall can only clean up the ambient air in small quantities. Finally, such a green wall has thermal and sound insulation properties making its use unsuitable for the construction of houses or screens along the road.

The invention aims to remedy all or part of these disadvantages. The invention relates to a construction element for the erection of a modular plant wall comprising:

at least a first compartment intended to receive a planting substrate and means for irrigating this planting substrate,

the first compartment having an outer face and an inner face, the outer face being perforated in particular to allow the expansion of plants planted in the planting substrate,

the first compartment comprising an upper portion adapted to be turned upwards and a lower portion intended to be turned downwards,

characterized in that the construction element comprises a second compartment comprising an upper portion intended to be turned upward and a lower portion intended to be turned down, and

in that the first compartment and the second compartment are arranged on either side of at least one erection surface of the plant wall and are staggered so that the lower portion of the second compartment covers all or part of the upper portion first compartment, or vice versa.

According to one possibility, the lower portion of the second compartment covers all or part of the upper portion of the first compartment.

According to another possibility, the upper portion of the second compartment covers all or part of the lower portion of the first compartment.

A plant wall can be erected by stacking building elements. The first compartments preferably extend plumb with each other. The second compartments preferably extend plumb with each other.

When the second compartment contains a planting substrate, it is possible to plant plants on either side of the plant wall.

When the first compartment and / or the second compartment contain depollution means, other than the plants themselves, it is possible to improve the clearance capacity of the plant wall.

When the second compartment contains sound insulation means and / or thermal insulation means, the thermal or sound insulation capacity of the plant wall is improved.

When the second compartment contains additional irrigation means, for example a wet textile capable of irrigating the planting substrate by capillarity, the irrigation of the planting substrate is improved.

Finally, the particular arrangement between the first compartment and the second compartment makes it possible to reduce thermal bridges and sound bridges and to prevent the sliding of two building elements stacked one on top of the other.

The building element according to the invention may comprise one or more of the following features.

According to one feature, the erection surface may be flat or curved. Advantageously, the first compartment and the second compartment are each designed to contain depollution means, and the first compartment and the second compartment each have an outer face and an inner face, each outer face being perforated to allow introduction of ambient air. in the first compartment and in the second compartment.

Thus, the air admitted into the first compartment and the second compartment is likely to be cleaned.

A plant wall erected from building elements according to the invention can be used in an urban environment.

According to one feature, the first compartment has perforated lateral faces.

Thus, a planting substrate received in the first compartment can be discharged laterally into the first compartment of a building element of a same row of the plant wall. The seal between two building elements is then improved.

According to another feature, the first compartment has side faces comprising orifices designed to engage an irrigation pipe.

Thus, it is possible to irrigate the planting substrate received in the first compartment of a building element in a simple manner. The same tubing may be engaged in the orifices of the lateral faces of several elements of construction of the same row of the plant wall.

Advantageously, the first compartment comprises an upper face and a lower perforated face.

Thus, an irrigation liquid can flow by gravity through two building elements stacked one on top of the other. Irrigation of the plant wall is improved.

Preferably, the construction element has at least one bottom plate mounted on the underside of the first compartment, the bottom plate being adapted to retain the planting substrate and to allow the irrigation liquid to pass therethrough.

For example, the bottom plate may have a grid structure or a porous structure. According to one characteristic, the first compartment and the second compartment each comprise an upper face and a lower face, and

the upper face of the first compartment is provided with connection means and the lower face of the first compartment is provided with connecting means of complementary shapes, and / or

the upper face of the second compartment is provided with connecting means and the lower face of the second compartment is provided with connecting means of complementary shapes.

For example, the connection means may comprise grooves and ribs.

Thus, during the stacking of two building elements, positioning and holding in position of the two building elements is facilitated.

The invention also relates to a module for the erection of a plant wall, characterized in that it comprises:

an element of construction as presented above; and

a planting substrate received in the first compartment of the building element.

Preferably, the module comprises:

an element of construction as presented above; and

a mixture of a planting substrate and a bacterial substrate making it possible to depollute the ambient air, the mixture being received in the first compartment of the construction element.

Advantageously, the second compartment of the building element comprises depollution means.

According to one possibility, the depollution means received in the second compartment of the building element comprise a mixture of a planting substrate and a bacterial substrate. Thus, it is possible to plant plants on each side of the plant wall.

According to another possibility, the depollution means received in the second compartment of the construction element comprise activated carbon. Thus, it is possible to increase the capacity of depollution of the plant wall. Indeed, the activated carbon provides a better depollution than a mixture of a planting substrate and a bacterial substrate. Advantageously, the first compartment and the second compartment each have a perforated inner face so as to allow the circulation of a flow of air through the first compartment and the second compartment.

Over time, the mixture contained in the first compartment of the building element will melt. Such a phenomenon is also known as profusion.

Also, a vacant space appears in the upper portion of the first compartment. The height of this vacant space depends in particular on the granulometry of the planting substrate.

The depollution means equipping the second compartment of the building element ensure that a flow of ambient air can not pass through the first compartment and the second compartment without having been cleaned.

According to one characteristic, the module comprises at least one chute mounted on the outer face of the first compartment.

The chute makes it possible to charge the first compartment with planting substrate, and possibly with a bacterial substrate, avoiding spilling out of the first compartment. The chute also forms a tray to guide the expansion of plants.

According to one possibility, each chute is removably mounted on the outer face of the first compartment. Thus, it is possible to separate the chute from the outer face of the first compartment to facilitate replacement of the planting substrate of the first compartment.

According to another possibility, the chute is mounted irremovable on the outer face of the first compartment.

In one embodiment, the module comprises thermal insulation means and / or sound insulation means received in the second compartment of the building element.

The invention finally relates to a plant wall, characterized in that it comprises at least two modules as presented above stacked one on the other.

Such a plant wall can be used in urban areas, on the roadside, in a dwelling, in a water tower or in a cooling tower of a nuclear power station. The invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows, with reference to the attached schematic drawing showing, by way of example, four plant walls according to the invention.

Figure 1 is a side view of a first plant wall according to the invention;

Figure 2 is a perspective view of a construction element of the plant wall of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a side view of the figure building element

1;

Figure 4 is a perspective view of a construction element of the plant wall of Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a side view of a second plant wall according to the invention;

Figure 6 is a side view of a third plant wall according to the invention;

Figure 7 is a perspective view of a fourth plant wall according to the invention;

Figure 8 is a perspective view of the fourth wall according to the invention;

Figure 9 is a perspective view of a building element of a plant wall having an angle;

Figure 10 is a perspective view of the construction element of Figure 9; and

1 and 12 are perspective views of elements of constructions shaped to cooperate with the construction element of FIG. 9.

FIG. 1 represents a plant wall 2 extending along an erection plane P. The plant wall 2 is formed by stacking modules 4 and modules 6.

Each module 4 is equipped with a construction element 8

(shown in Figures 2 and 3). The building element 8 can be made of brick, plastic, metal or other. The construction element 8 comprises compartments 10, 12.

The compartment 10 has an upper portion 10a and a lower portion 10b. The compartment 10 has an outer face 10c, an inner face 10d, an upper face 10e, a lower face 10f and perforated side faces 10g.

The lateral faces 10g of the compartment have orifices 14 in the upper portion 10a and in the lower portion 10b.

The upper face 10e is provided with grooves 16 and the lower face 10f is provided with ribs 18 of complementary shapes.

Similarly, the compartment 12 has an upper portion 12a and a lower portion 12b. The compartment 12 has an outer face 12c, an inner face 12d, an upper face 12e, a lower face 12f and 12g openwork side faces.

The lateral faces 12g of the compartment have orifices 20 in the upper portion 12a and in the lower portion 12b.

The upper face 12e is provided with grooves 22 and the lower face 12f is provided with ribs 24 of complementary shapes.

The compartments 10, 12 are arranged on either side of the erection plane P. The compartments 10, 12 are offset so that the lower portion 12b of the compartment 12 partially covers the upper portion 10a of the compartment 10.

The compartments 10, 12 each receive a mixture of a planting substrate and a bacterial substrate for the depollution of the ambient air (not shown). "Pollution control" means, for example, the transformation of at least one of the following chemical species: nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2) or ozone (O3). ).

Each module 4 can be equipped with tubings 26 engaged in the orifices 14, 20. The same tubing 26 preferably irrigates the modules 4 of the same row of the green wall 2.

Each module 4 comprises bottom plates 30 mounted on the bottom faces 10f, 12f of the compartments 10, 12. The bottom plates 30 may be sealed or porous or meshed.

When a bottom plate 30 is porous or screened, it is designed to retain the mixture of planting substrate and bacterial substrate and to let the irrigation liquid pass.

Each module 4 has chutes 32 for charging the compartments 10, 12 and guiding the expansion of the plants. Chutes 32 are removably mounted on the outer faces 10c, 12c of the compartments 10, 12.

Each module 6 constitutes an auxiliary module disposed at the top or at the foot of the green wall 2. Each module 6 is equipped with a construction element 34 (shown in FIG. 4).

The building element 34 comprises a compartment 36. This compartment 36 has an outer face 36c, an inner face 36d, an upper face 36e, a lower face 36f and perforated side faces 36g. The lateral faces 36g have orifices 38.

The compartment 36 receives a mixture of a planting substrate and a bacterial substrate for the depollution of the ambient air (not shown).

Each module 6 may comprise a pipe 40 engaged in the orifices 38. The same pipe 40 irrigates preferably the modules 6 of the same row of the green wall 2.

Each module 6 comprises a bottom plate 42 mounted on the lower face 36f. The bottom plate 42 may be sealed or porous or screened. When the bottom plate is porous or screened, it is designed to retain the mixture of planting substrate and bacterial substrate and to let the irrigation liquid pass.

Each module 6 has a chute 44 mounted on the outer face 36c. The upper face 36e is provided with grooves 46 and the lower face 36f is provided with ribs 48 of complementary shapes.

When the green wall 2 is erected, typically in an urban environment, a flow of ambient air 50 (shown in FIG. 1) is able to pass through the modules 4, 6 of the green wall 2 and to be cleaned by the substrate mixture. planting and bacterial substrate contained in the compartments 10, 12, 36 of the modules 4, 6.

Over time, the mixture contained in the compartments 10, 12, cup. Also, a vacant space appears in the upper portions 10a, 12a of the compartments 10, 12 of the modules 4.

The modules 4, 6 are arranged in such a way that the ambient air flow 50 can not pass through the green wall 2 without having been cleaned, for example by passing through two empty upper portions 10a, 12a of two compartments 10, 12. The modules 4, 6 are arranged to ensure that the flow of ambient air 50 through the plant wall 2 is still in its path the mixture of planting substrate and bacterial substrate.

The modules 4, 6 are further arranged to reduce thermal bridges and phonic bridges of the green wall 2.

FIG. 5 represents a plant wall 2 'identical to the plant wall 2 except that the compartments 12 of the modules 4 and the compartment 36 of the module 6 in line with the compartments 12 contain a separation panel 52 and a panel of thermal and / or sound insulation 54 separated by an air knife.

Furthermore, the outer face 12c of the compartments 12 of the modules 4 and the outer face 36c of the compartment 36 of the module 6 in line with the compartments 12 are no longer equipped with chutes.

FIG. 6 represents a green wall 2 "identical to the green wall 2 except that the compartments 12 of the modules 4 and the compartment 36 of the module 6 in line with the compartments 12 contain a porous partition panel 56 and a panel of depollution 58 in activated charcoal.

Figures 7 and 8 show a plant wall 2 "'identical to the plant wall 2" except that the cover panels 60 cover the edges of the plant wall 2 "' A panel 62 is reported on the outer face 12c of the compartments 12 of the modules 4 and on the outer face 36c of the compartment 36 of the module 6 in line with the compartments 12.

Finally, the pipes 26 are interconnected by a pipe 64 and are protected by a cover 66.

The green wall 2 "'forms a prefabricated assembly that can be delivered on site as is.

FIGS. 9 and 10 represent a construction element 80 constituting a variant of the construction element 8. The construction element 80 finds application for a module allowing the erection of a plant wall extending along two planes of construction. erection P1 and P2 forming an angle.

The building element 80 comprises two compartments 90 and a compartment 92. Each compartment 90 has an upper portion 90a and a lower portion 90b.

Each compartment 90 has an outer face 90c, an inner face 90d, an upper face 90e, a lower face 90f and a lateral face 90g perforated.

The side faces 90g have orifices 94 in the upper portion 90a and in the lower portion 90b for receiving an irrigation pipe (not shown).

The compartment 92 has an upper portion 92a and a lower portion 92b. The compartment 92 has outer faces 92c, inner faces 92d, an upper face 92e and a lower face 92f perforated.

The outer faces 92c and the inner faces 92d have orifices 100 in the upper portion 92a and in the lower portion 92b.

Compartments 90, 92 are placed on either side of the two erection planes P1 and P2. The compartments 90, 92 are offset so that the lower portion 92b of the compartment 92 partially covers the upper portions 90a of the compartments 90.

The compartments 90 each receive a mixture of a planting substrate and a bacterial substrate for the depollution of the ambient air.

The compartment 92 may receive a mixture of a planting substrate and a bacterial substrate for the depollution of the ambient air, a thermal and / or sound insulation panel or a pollution control panel.

A plurality of building elements 80 may be stacked one on the other.

Figures 1 1 and 12 show construction elements

340a and 340b shaped to be stacked respectively under a building element 80 and a building element 80 during the erection of a plant wall having an angle. The building elements 340a and 340b equip booster modules that can be arranged at the top or bottom of the plant wall.

As goes without saying, the invention is not limited to the embodiments presented above, it encompasses all the variants.

Claims

1. Construction element (8; 80) for the erection of a modular plant wall, comprising:

at least one first compartment (10; 90) for receiving a planting substrate and means for irrigating said planting substrate, the first compartment (10; 90) having an outer face (10c; 90c) and an inner face (10d; 90d), the outer face (10c; 90c) being perforated in particular to allow the expansion of plants planted in the planting substrate,

the first compartment (10; 90) comprising an upper portion (10a; 90a) adapted to be turned upward and a lower portion (10b; 90b) adapted to be turned downward;

characterized in that the construction element (8; 80) comprises a second compartment (12; 92) comprising an upper portion (12a; 92a) adapted to be turned upward and a lower portion (12b; 92b) provided for to be turned down, and

in that the first compartment (10; 90) and the second compartment (12; 92) are arranged on either side of at least one erection surface (P; P1, P2) of the plant wall and are offset so that the lower portion (12b; 92b) of the second compartment (12; 92) covers all or part of the upper portion (10a; 90a) of the first compartment (10; 90), or vice versa.

2. Construction element (8; 80) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first compartment (10; 90) and the second compartment (12; 92) are each adapted to contain means of pollution control, and

in that the first compartment (10; 90) and the second compartment (12; 92) each have an outer face (10c, 12c; 90c, 92c) and an inner face (10d, 12d; 90d, 92d), each side the outer wall (10c, 12c, 90c, 92c) being perforated to allow introduction of ambient air into the first compartment (10; 90) and into the second compartment (12; 92).

3. Construction element (8) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the first compartment (10) have perforated side faces (10g, 12g).

4. Construction element (8) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first compartment (10) have side faces comprising orifices (14) provided to engage an irrigation pipe.

5. Construction element (8; 80) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first compartment (10; 90) comprises an upper face (10e; 90e) and a lower face (1 Of; 90f) openwork.

6. Construction element (8; 80) according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises at least one bottom plate (30) mounted on the lower face (1 Of; 90f) of the first compartment (10; 90). the bottom plate (30) being adapted to retain the planting substrate and to allow the irrigation liquid to pass therethrough.

7. Construction element (8; 80) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first compartment (10; 90) and the second compartment (12; 92) each comprise an upper face (10e, 12e, 90e, 92e) and a lower face (1 Of, 12f; 90f, 92f), and

in that the upper face (10e; 90e) of the first compartment

(10; 90) is provided with connection means and the lower face (1 Of; 90f) of the first compartment (10; 90) is provided with connecting means of complementary shapes, and / or

in that the upper face (12e; 92e) of the second compartment (12; 92) is provided with connecting means and the lower face (12f; 92f) of the second compartment (12; 92) is provided with means for connecting shapes. complementary.

8. Module for the erection of a plant wall, characterized in that it comprises: - a building element (8; 80) according to any one of claims 1 to 7; and

a planting substrate received in the first compartment of the building element.

9. Module (4) according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises:

- a building element (8) according to any one of claims 2 to 7; and

a mixture of a planting substrate and a bacterial substrate making it possible to depollute the ambient air, the mixture being received in the first compartment (10) of the construction element (8).

10. Module (4) according to claim 9, characterized in that the second compartment (12) of the construction element (8) comprises depollution means (58).

1 1. Module (4) according to any one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the first compartment (10) and the second compartment (12) each have an inner face (10d, 12d) perforated, so as to allow the circulation an air flow (50) through the first compartment (10) and the second compartment (12).

12. Module (4) according to any one of claims 8 to 1 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one chute (32, 44) mounted on the outer face (10c) of the first compartment (10).

13. Module (4) according to any one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that it comprises thermal insulation means and / or sound insulation means (54) received in the second compartment (12). of the building element (10).

14. Green wall (2; 2 '; 2 "; 2"'), characterized in that it comprises at least two modules (8) according to any one of claims 8 to 13 stacked one on the other .