WO2014154241A1 - Convertisseur à multiniveau à mélange de types de cellules - Google Patents

Convertisseur à multiniveau à mélange de types de cellules Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014154241A1
WO2014154241A1 PCT/EP2013/056288 EP2013056288W WO2014154241A1 WO 2014154241 A1 WO2014154241 A1 WO 2014154241A1 EP 2013056288 W EP2013056288 W EP 2013056288W WO 2014154241 A1 WO2014154241 A1 WO 2014154241A1
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Prior art keywords
energy storage
storage element
cell
multilevel converter
voltage contribution
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PCT/EP2013/056288
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English (en)
Inventor
Alireza NAMI
Liwei Wang
Frans Dijkhuizen
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Abb Technology Ltd
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Application filed by Abb Technology Ltd filed Critical Abb Technology Ltd
Priority to PCT/EP2013/056288 priority Critical patent/WO2014154241A1/fr
Publication of WO2014154241A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014154241A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/49—Combination of the output voltage waveforms of a plurality of converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0095—Hybrid converter topologies, e.g. NPC mixed with flying capacitor, thyristor converter mixed with MMC or charge pump mixed with buck

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to multilevel converters. More particularly the present invention relates to a multilevel converter configured to convert between alternating current and direct current as well as to a cell that may be provided in a multilevel converter.
  • Multilevel converters are of interest to use in a number of different power transmission environments. They may for instance be used as voltage source
  • HVDC high voltage direct current
  • alternating current power transmission systems such as flexible alternating current transmission system
  • FACTS Fluorescence Activated Devices
  • converters where a number of cascaded converter cells, each comprising a number of switching units and an energy storage unit in the form of a DC capacitor have been proposed.
  • Converter elements in such a converter may for instance be of the half-bridge, full-bridge or clamped double cell type. Clamped double cells or double voltage contribution cells are for instance described in WO 2011/067120.
  • a half-bridge connection in upper and lower arms provides unipolar cell voltage contributions and offers the simplest structure of the chain link converter. This type is described by Marquardt, ' ew Concept for high voltage-Modular multilevel converter' , IEEE 2004 and A. Lesnicar, R. Marquardt, "A new modular voltage source inverter topology", EPE 2003.
  • full-bridge cells This is for instance described in WO 2011/012174.
  • Series connection of full-bridge cells offers four quadrant power flows through the energy storage element of the cell capacitor as well as DC fault voltage blocking capability by imposing a reverse voltage.
  • full-bridge cells doubles the number of components compared with a half-bridge cell .
  • director switches in the phase arm together with full bridge cells where the director switches are essentially used for providing a DC level that is combined with an AC level generated by the full-bridge cells for forming an AC voltage.
  • a converter combining director switches with full-bridge cells is described in WO 2010/149200.
  • WO 2011/124260 further suggests that a number of the full-bridge cells are replaced by half-bridge cells .
  • the present invention is directed towards enabling to make a reduction of the number of components in a multilevel converter combined with providing a fair fault current limitation capability.
  • the multilevel converter configured to convert between alternating current and direct current.
  • the multilevel converter comprises a phase arm with a number of cells between a DC pole and an AC terminal.
  • the cells comprise at least one single voltage contribution cell and at least one double voltage contribution cell for AC voltage forming and fault current handling operation.
  • the double voltage contribution cell comprises a first section with a first group of series connected switching units. This first group is connected in parallel with a first energy storage element, where a junction between a first and a second switching unit of the first group forms a first cell connection terminal.
  • the double voltage contribution cell also comprises a second section with a second group of series connected
  • This second group is connected in parallel with a second energy storage element, where a junction between a third and a fourth switching unit of the second group forms a second cell connection
  • the double voltage contribution cell further comprises
  • an interconnecting switch interconnecting the first and the second sections and connected between a positive end of the first energy storage element and a negative end of the second energy storage element.
  • the above mentioned object is also according to a second aspect of the invention also achieved by a cell for use in a phase arm of a multilevel converter, where the converter converts between alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) .
  • the cell comprises a first section, a second section an interconnecting switch, a first directional switch and a second directional switch.
  • the first section has a first group of series connected switching units, which group is connected in parallel with a first energy storage element.
  • a junction between a first and a second switching unit of the first group forms a first cell connection terminal.
  • the second section has a second group of series
  • a junction between a third and a fourth switching unit of the second group forms a second cell connection
  • the interconnecting switch interconnects the first and the second sections and is connected between a positive end of the first energy storage element and a negative end of the second energy storage element.
  • the first directional switch is coupled between the positive end of the first energy storage element and a positive end of the second energy storage element.
  • the second directional switch is coupled between a negative end of the first energy storage element and the negative end of the second energy storage element.
  • the present invention has a number of advantages. It provides or enables the provision of a converter having a low number of components. It furthermore provides low conduction losses because of a low number of components in the conduction path. It also provides a good fault current handling capability.
  • fig. 1 schematically shows a first type of multilevel converter connected between two poles
  • fig. 2 schematically shows a variable voltage source used in the multilevel converter of the first type
  • fig. 3 schematically shows a structure of a full-bridge cell that may be used in the converter
  • fig. 4 schematically shows a structure of a first type of double voltage contribution cell that may be used in the converter
  • fig. 5 shows various voltages provided in the first type of multilevel converter
  • fig. 6 schematically shows the structure of a second type of double voltage contribution cell that may be used in the first type of converter.
  • Fig. 1 shows a block schematic outlining an example of a first type of voltage source converter 10, which may be provided as an interface between a direct current (DC) power system and an alternating current (AC) power system such as an interface between AC and DC power transmission systems.
  • the DC power transmission system may be a High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) power transmission system and the AC system may be a flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) .
  • the voltage source converter 10 is a multilevel converter configured to convert between AC and DC.
  • the example voltage source converter 10 here includes a group of branches in the form of phase legs connected in parallel between two DC poles PI and P2 for connection to the DC transmission system.
  • phase legs PLl, PL2, PL3 there are three such branches or phase legs PLl, PL2, PL3 in order to enable connection to a three-phase AC transmission system. It should however be realized that as an alternative there may be for instance only two phase legs.
  • Each phase leg PLl, PL2 and PL3 has a first and second end point.
  • the first end points of all the phase legs PLl, PL2 PL3 are connected to the first DC pole PI, while the second end points are connected to the second DC pole P2.
  • Each phase leg PLl, PL2, PL3 of this first type of voltage source converter 10 further includes a lower and upper phase leg half, often denoted phase arm, and at the junction where the phase arms of a phase leg meet, there is provided an AC terminal.
  • first phase leg PLl having an upper phase arm and a lower phase arm
  • second phase leg PL2 having an upper phase arm and a lower phase arm
  • third phase leg PL3 having an upper phase arm and a lower phase arm.
  • first AC terminal AC1 At the junction between the upper and lower phase arms of the first phase leg PLl there is provided a first AC terminal AC1
  • second AC terminal AC2 At the junction between the upper and lower phase arms of the second phase leg PL2 there is provided a second AC terminal AC2 and at the junction between the upper and lower phase arms of the third phase leg PL3 there is provided a third AC terminal
  • Each AC terminal AC1, AC2, AC3 is here connected to the corresponding phase leg via a respective
  • each phase arm furthermore includes one current limiting inductor Lul, Lu2, Lu3, Lll, L12, and L13 connected to the
  • variable voltage source Uul, Ull, Uu2, U12, Uu3, U13 and a director switch DSul, Dsll, DSu2, DS12, DSu3 and DS13 The variable voltage sources Uul, Ull, Uu2, U12, Uu3, U13 and director switches DSul, Dsll, DSu2, DS12, DSu3 and DS13 are all being controlled by a control unit 12, which control is indicated by dashed arrows. It should also be realized that the inductors are optional.
  • a variable voltage source is made up of a number of cells, where each cell comprises at least one voltage storage element and switching units for switching the cell, such as pairs of transistors with antiparallel diodes.
  • the converter thus comprises at least one phase arm with a number of cells between a DC pole and an AC terminal.
  • a director switch on the other hand comprises a number of switching units, for instance in the form of a number of pairs of transistors with anti-parallel diodes. In fig. 1 a director switch is shown as only one such pair.
  • the first DC pole PI furthermore has a first potential +DC that may be positive, while the second DC pole P2 has a second potential -DC that may be negative.
  • the first pole PI may therefore also be termed a positive pole, while the second pole P2 may be termed negative pole.
  • Fig. 2 schematically shows an example of the cells making up a variable voltage source Uul.
  • This variable voltage source Uul comprises a number of series
  • the cells are thus connected in cascade.
  • the cells comprises at least one full-bridge cell and at least one double voltage contribution cell for AC voltage forming and fault current handling operation.
  • Fig. 3 shows a full-bridge cell FBC that may be
  • the cell FBC is thus a full-bridge converter cell and includes a single energy storage element, here in the form of a capacitor C, which is connected in parallel with a first group of switching units SU1 and SU2.
  • the energy storage element C provides a voltage Udm, and therefore has a positive and negative end, where the positive end has a higher potential than the negative end.
  • the switching units SU1 and SU2 in the first group are connected in series with each other.
  • the first group here includes two switching units SU1 and SU2 (shown as dashed boxes) .
  • These two switching units SU1 and SU2 may be realized in the form of a switching element that may be an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) transistor together with an anti-parallel unidirectional conducting element. It is possible that the switching unit is another type of switching unit like a field effect transistor (FET) such as a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) .
  • FET field effect transistor
  • MOSFET metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor
  • the switching unit may also have other realizations. It may for instance be a Reverse Conduction IGBT (RC-IGBT) or a Bi-mode Insulated Gate Transistor (BIGT) .
  • RC-IGBT Reverse Conduction IGBT
  • BIGT Bi-mode Insulated Gate Transistor
  • the first switching unit SU1 is therefore provided as a first transistor Tl with a first anti-parallel diode Dl .
  • the first diode Dl is connected between the emitter and collector of the transistor Tl and has a direction of conductivity from the emitter to the collector as well as towards the positive end of the energy storage element C.
  • the second switching unit SU2 is provided as a second transistor T2 with a second anti-parallel diode D2.
  • the second diode D2 is connected in the same way in relation to the energy storage element C as the first diode Dl, i.e. conducts current towards the positive end of the energy storage element C.
  • the first switching unit SU1 is furthermore connected to the positive end of the energy storage element C, while the second switching unit SU2 is connected to the negative end of the energy storage element C.
  • the second group includes a third switching unit SU3 and a fourth switching unit SU4.
  • the third switching unit SU3 is provided as a third transistor T3 with anti-parallel third diode D3.
  • the fourth switching unit SU4 is provided as a fourth transistor T4 with anti- parallel fourth diode D4.
  • the third switching unit SU3 is furthermore connected to the positive end of the energy storage element C, while the fourth switching unit SU4 is connected to the negative end of the energy storage element C. Both the diodes D3 and D4
  • This full-bridge cell FBC comprises a first cell connection terminal TEFBCl and a second cell connection terminal TEFBC2, each providing a connection for the cell to a phase arm of a corresponding phase leg, such as the first phase leg of the first type of voltage source converter.
  • the first cell connection terminal TEFBCl may more particularly provide a connection from a phase arm to the junction between the first and the second switching units SU1 and SU2, while the second cell connection terminal TEFBC2 may provide a connection between the phase arm and a connection point between the third and fourth switching units SU3 and SU4.
  • the junction between the first and second switching units SU1 and SU2 thus provides one cell connection terminal TEFBCl, while the junction between the third and fourth switching units SU3 and SU4 provides a second cell connection terminal TEFBC2.
  • These cell connection terminals TEFBC1 and TEFBC2 thus provide points where the cell FBC can be connected to a phase arm, such as the upper phase arm of a first phase leg of the first type of converter.
  • Fig. 4 shows a first type of clamped double cell or double voltage contribution cell DVCA that may be used in the converter 10.
  • the cell is designated as a double voltage contribution cell, because it is a cell with the ability to provide two energy storage element voltages for contributing to the forming of an AC voltage on an AC terminal of a phase leg. For the same reason a full-bridge cell is a single voltage contribution cell, since it only employs one energy storage element.
  • the cell DVCA here comprises a first section SEC1 comprising a first energy storage element CI, here in the form of a first capacitor CI, which is connected in parallel with a first group of switching units. Also this first energy storage element CI provides a voltage Udm, and therefore has a positive and negative end, where the positive end has a higher potential than the negative end.
  • the first group also here includes two series-connected switching units SW1 and SW2 (shown as dashed boxes) , where the first switching unit SW1 has a first transistor Tl with a first anti-parallel diode Dl, where the diode Dl has a direction of current conduction towards the positive end of the first energy storage element CI.
  • the second switching unit SW2 comprises a second transistor T2 with anti-parallel second diode D2 and having the same direction of current conduction as the first diode Dl .
  • the switching units thereby also comprise switching elements with anti-parallel unidirectional conducting elements.
  • the first switching unit SW1 is also here connected to the positive end of the first energy storage element CI, while the second switching unit SW2 is connected to the negative end of the first energy storage element CI .
  • the second section comprises a second group of switching units connected in series with each other. This second group of switching units is connected in parallel with a second energy storage element C2.
  • the second group also here includes a third switching unit SW3 and a fourth switching unit SW4, where the third switching unit SW3 is provided through a third
  • this second energy storage element C2 provides a voltage Udm, with advantage the same voltage as the first energy storage element, and therefore has a positive and negative end, where the positive end has a higher potential than the negative end.
  • the fourth switching unit SW4 is in this case connected to the negative end of the second energy storage element C2, while the third switching unit SW3 is connected to the positive end of the second energy storage element C2.
  • the current conducting direction of both diodes D3 and D4 is towards the positive end of the second energy storage element C2.
  • interconnecting switch IS interconnecting the first and the second sections.
  • This interconnecting switch IS is in the example of fig. 3 also in the form of a fifth transistor T5 with anti- parallel diode D5.
  • the interconnecting switch IS is connected between the positive end of the first energy storage element CI and the negative end of the second energy storage element C2 with the direction of current conduction of the fifth diode D5 being towards the positive end of the first energy storage element CI.
  • first unidirectional conducting element coupled between the positive end of the first energy storage element CI and the positive end of the second energy storage element C2 as well as a second unidirectional conducting element coupled between the negative end of the first energy storage element CI and the negative end of the second energy storage element C2.
  • the first unidirectional conducting element is here in the form of a sixth diode D6 having a direction of current conduction towards the positive end of the second energy storage element C2.
  • the second unidirectional conducting element is here in the form of a seventh diode D7 having a direction of current conduction towards the negative end of the second energy storage element C2.
  • This cell DVCA comprises a first cell connection terminal TEDVCA1 and a second cell connection terminal TEDVCA2, each providing a connection for the cell to a phase arm.
  • the first cell connection terminal TEDVCA1 provides a connection to the junction between the first and the second switching units SW1 and SW2, while the second cell connection terminal TEDVCA2 provides a connection to the junction between the third and fourth switching units SW3 and SW4.
  • the junction between the first and the second switching units SW1 and SW2 thus provides the first cell connection terminal TEDVCAl and the junction between the third and fourth switching units SW3 and SW4 provide the second cell connection terminal TEDVCA2.
  • the second cell connection terminal TEDVCA2 faces the first pole and thereby couples the cell to the first pole, while the first cell connection terminal TEDVCAl faces the AC terminal of the phase leg.
  • the first cell connection terminal TEDVCAl thereby couples the cell to the AC terminal of the phase leg, while the second cell connection terminal TEDVCA2 couples the cell to the first pole.
  • the first cell connection terminal TEDVCAl faces the second pole and thereby couples the cell to the second pole, while the second cell
  • connection terminal TEDVCA2 faces the AC terminal of the phase leg.
  • the first cell connection terminal TEDVCAl thereby couples the cell to the second pole of the phase leg, while the second cell connection terminal couples the cell to the AC terminal of the phase leg.
  • the expression couple or coupling is herein intended to indicate that more components, such as more cells, switching units and inductors, may be connected between two components coupled to each other, while the expression connect or connecting is herein intended to indicate a direct connection between two components such as two cells. There is thus no component in- between two components that are connected to each other.
  • the cell DVCA has a number of operational states, here four, in order to be employed in the forming of an AC voltage on the AC terminal of a phase leg.
  • the intermediate switch IS When being operated in these operational states the intermediate switch IS is always on. It is thus always conducting in an AC voltage forming operating mode of the double voltage contribution cell.
  • the switching units of the double voltage contribution cell are then controllable to provide four AC voltage contribution states when operated in the voltage forming operating mode.
  • the switching elements T2 and T4 of the second and fourth switching units SW1 and SW4 are on together with the switching element T5 of the intermediate switch IS.
  • the switching elements Tl and T3 of the first and third switching units SW1 and SW3 are on together with the switching element T5 of the
  • the switching elements T2 and T3 of the second and third switching units SW2 and SW3 are on together with the switching element T5 of the intermediate switch IS.
  • switching units SWl and SW4 are on together with the switching element T5 of the intermediate switch IS.
  • a fault current is allowed to run from the first cell connection terminal TEDVCA1 via the first diode Dl of the first switching unit SWl in parallel over the first and second energy storage elements CI and C2 and the diodes D6 and D7 through the fourth diode D4 of the fourth switching unit SW4 and out from the cell DVCA via the second cell connection terminal TEDVCA2. It can in this way be observed that the cell inserts the energy storage elements in the fault current path, which provides a fault current limitation .
  • variable voltage source Uul forms a part of the waveform V SH as the director switch DSul of the upper phase arm is turned on and the director switch DSll of the lower phase arm is switched off and the variable voltage source Ull forms another part of the waveform as the director switch DSll of the lower phase arm is turned on and the director switch DSul of the upper phase arm is turned off.
  • the director switch DSul of a phase arm here exemplified by the upper phase arm of the first phase leg PL1
  • the controllable voltage source Uul may be considered to provide a part of the voltage V SH -
  • the control is more particularly provided by the control unit 12, which switches the cells for providing a voltage contribution using the energy storage
  • Control of a cell in a phase arm is more particularly typically done through providing the cell with a control signal directed towards controlling the
  • the full-bridge cells are controlled to produce a DC voltage as well as an AC voltage and thus the variable voltage sources Uul and Ull are controlled to produce an AC voltage as well as a DC voltage.
  • the director switches DSul and DS11 are switches with a fundamental switching frequency to connect or block the upper and lower phase arms in positive and negative polarities. Thereby, a pulse wave voltage V DS is generated by the director switches and a pure AC voltage V AC i , as shown in figure 5, will appear at the AC terminal AC1 by at the same time inserting and bypassing an appropriate number of cells in each converter arm.
  • the full-bridge cells are able to provide both positive and negative voltages. As can be noted in fig. 5, only 27% of the AC voltage V SH is below zero and
  • variable voltage source consequently only 27% percent of the variable voltage source need to be made up of full-bridge cells in order to be able to form the AC waveform V AC i .
  • controllable voltage source according to a prior art realization described in WO 2010/149200 is solely made up of full bridge cells. This means that in this converter full-bridge cells are provided in an amount that is redundant for conversion purposes. It would therefore be beneficial if the number of components is reduced. This means that savings can be made if other types of cells are also used.
  • variable voltage source consists of full-bridge cells.
  • the control unit 12 controls the cells and switches to handle the fault. In this case the control unit switches off all the cell switching elements but keeps the director switches turned on. A fault current will then run through the energy storage element of the full-bridge cell, which will help limit the fault current. However, when half-bridge cells are used, these are bypassed and do therefore not contribute to fault current
  • Variations of the invention are directed towards improving on the above-mentioned situation.
  • variable voltage source Uul comprises double voltage contribution cells instead of some full- bridge cells or instead of half-bridge cells. There is thus a variable voltage source of a phase arm where there is a mixture of single voltage contribution cells and double voltage contribution cells.
  • control unit 12 turns off the interconnecting switch IS and the
  • variable voltage source is made up of a mixture of full-bridge cells and cells of the first type of double voltage contribution cell.
  • full-bridge cells may be used to form 27% of the voltage V SH , where double voltage contribution cells are used for forming the remainder of the voltage VSH, and here 73%.
  • Fig. 6 shows a second type of clamped double cell or double voltage contribution cell DVCB that may be used in the converter of the first type.
  • the difference between the second and the first types of double voltage contribution cells is that in the second type DVCB there is a first directional switch coupled between the positive end of the first energy storage element CI and the positive end of the second energy storage element C2 and a second directional switch coupled between the negative end of the first energy storage element CI and the negative end of the second energy storage element C2.
  • the first directional switch is here provided in the form of a sixth transistor T6 and the second directional switch is provided in the form of a seventh transistor T7.
  • the sixth transistor T6 is here connected in series with the sixth diode D6 and with advantage between the sixth diode D6 and the positive end of the first energy storage element CI, while the seventh transistor T7 is connected in series with the seventh diode D7 and with advantage between the negative end of the first energy storage element CI and the seventh diode D7. Because of the sixth and seventh diodes D6 and D7, the transistors T6 and T7 do not need any anti-parallel diodes.
  • the second type of double voltage contribution cell is the subject of a second aspect of the invention.
  • This second type of voltage contribution cell is a cell with increased or enhanced functionality.
  • the voltage contributing operational states of the second type of double voltage contribution cell DVCB is the same as in the first type.
  • the directional switches T6 and T7 may in this type of operation be turned off.
  • the fault current operation of this second type of double voltage contribution cell DVCB is a bit different in that the sixth and seventh transistors T6 and T7 are turned on in this mode of operation.
  • a fault current is allowed to run from the first cell connection terminal TEDVCB1 via the first diode Dl of the first switching unit SW1 in parallel over the first and second energy storage elements CI and C2 via the transistors T6, T7 and diodes D6 and D7 through the fourth diode D4 of the fourth switching unit SW4 and out from the cell via the second cell connection terminal TEDVCB2.
  • the directional switches T6 and T7 of the second type of double voltage contribution cell DVCB may also be used as a part of a director switch.
  • a director switch operation of the cell is obtained when switches T6 and T7 are turned on and off for assisting in the forming of the square wave voltage
  • the double voltage contribution cell DVCB operates as a part of the director switch being switched on or off.
  • the double voltage contribution cell is thereby controllable to provide a director switch operation, where the interconnection switch IS is turned off and the first and second directional switches are controllable for assisting in the
  • the interconnecting switch of the double voltage contribution cell need not be provided in the form of a transistor with anti-parallel diode. It may for
  • IGCT Integrated Gate-Commutated Thyristor
  • converters i.e. in converters that do not employ director switches. In this way it may be possible to obtain a good fault current limitation capability with a low number of components in the current conduction path.
  • a multilevel converter is a static VAR compensator. It should also be realized that the second type of double voltage contribution cell is not limited to being combined with other cell types. It is thus possible to provide a converter in which the only types of cells used are double voltage contribution cells of the second type.
  • the silicon area depends on the rated voltage and the rated current. As can be seen in the table below, the rated current for the sixth and seventh cell diodes is lowered, which allows the size of the silicon area used for these diodes to be lowered and thereby the size of the component (s) harboring these diodes can be lowered. This in turn leads to a more compact converter.
  • a cell comprising the sixth and seventh transistors will, because of the low voltage and current ratings, require a limited extra silicon area compared with a cell without these
  • the rating of the components in the first and the second type of double voltage contribution cell may the following:

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un convertisseur à multiniveau (10) assurant une conversion entre CA et CC et qui comprend des bras de phase avec des cellules entre un pôle CC et une borne CA, les cellules comprenant des cellules à contribution de tension simples et des cellules à contribution de tension doubles (DVCA), une cellule à contribution de tension double comprenant une première section (SEC1) comprenant un premier groupe d'unités de commutation montées en série en parallèle à un premier élément d'accumulation d'énergie (C1), une seconde section (SEC2) comprenant un second groupe d'unités de commutation montées en série en parallèle à un second élément d'accumulation d'énergie (C2) et un commutateur d'interconnexion (IS) interconnectant les première et seconde sections et qui est connecté entre une extrémité positive du premier élément d'accumulation d'énergie (C1) et une extrémité négative du second élément d'accumulation d'énergie (C2).
PCT/EP2013/056288 2013-03-25 2013-03-25 Convertisseur à multiniveau à mélange de types de cellules WO2014154241A1 (fr)

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WO2017128499A1 (fr) * 2016-01-27 2017-08-03 东南大学 Transformateur électronique de puissance à quatre ports basé sur un convertisseur multi-niveaux modulaire hybride
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US20150365011A1 (en) * 2013-03-22 2015-12-17 Abb Ab Bipolar double voltage cell and multilevel converter with such a cell
US9461557B2 (en) * 2013-03-22 2016-10-04 Abb Ab Bipolar double voltage cell and multilevel converter with such a cell
US20160308458A1 (en) * 2013-12-24 2016-10-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Power conversion device
WO2017128499A1 (fr) * 2016-01-27 2017-08-03 东南大学 Transformateur électronique de puissance à quatre ports basé sur un convertisseur multi-niveaux modulaire hybride
US9960666B2 (en) 2016-01-27 2018-05-01 Southeast University Four-port power electronic transformer based on hybrid modular multilevel converter
CN110535359A (zh) * 2019-08-29 2019-12-03 华北电力大学（保定） 一种具有自均压能力的二极管钳位混合mmc电路

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