WO2014147152A1 - Protective panel for low-temperature fluid processing equipment, and related assembly, equipment, and method - Google Patents

Protective panel for low-temperature fluid processing equipment, and related assembly, equipment, and method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014147152A1
WO2014147152A1 PCT/EP2014/055552 EP2014055552W WO2014147152A1 WO 2014147152 A1 WO2014147152 A1 WO 2014147152A1 EP 2014055552 W EP2014055552 W EP 2014055552W WO 2014147152 A1 WO2014147152 A1 WO 2014147152A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
panel
fluid
control unit
installation
assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/055552
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Sébastien Viale
Original Assignee
Technip France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technip France filed Critical Technip France
Priority to CN201480023096.1A priority Critical patent/CN105143034A/en
Priority to JP2016504581A priority patent/JP2016523748A/en
Priority to SG11201507794TA priority patent/SG11201507794TA/en
Priority to KR1020157025612A priority patent/KR20150120464A/en
Publication of WO2014147152A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014147152A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/14—Hull parts
    • B63B3/68—Panellings; Linings, e.g. for insulating purposes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
    • F24D13/02—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating
    • F24D13/022—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating resistances incorporated in construction elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1096—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for electric heating systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/12—Preventing or detecting fluid leakage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
    • F24H15/37—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of electric heaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0304—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using an electric heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
    • F17C2227/0376—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact
    • F17C2227/0383—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact outside the vessel
    • F17C2227/0386—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in wall contact outside the vessel with a jacket
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/03—Control means
    • F17C2250/032—Control means using computers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0439—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0447—Composition; Humidity
    • F17C2250/0452—Concentration of a product
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0486—Indicating or measuring characterised by the location
    • F17C2250/0495—Indicating or measuring characterised by the location the indicated parameter is a converted measured parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
    • F17C2260/037—Handling leaked fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
    • F17C2260/038—Detecting leaked fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/40—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers
    • F24H15/414—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based
    • F24H15/45—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based remotely accessible
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a protective panel for mounting on a surface of a low temperature fluid operating system, comprising:
  • At least one element for detecting the presence of fluid in gaseous or liquid form, received in the body.
  • Such a panel is intended for example to be mounted on a fluid operating installation located on a body of water, such as a ship, a platform, a barge, or a floating plant such as an FPSO.
  • the fluid at low temperature is for example a liquid at a temperature below -100 ° C, in particular liquefied natural gas or LNG, available at a temperature of about -161 ° C.
  • Low-temperature liquid storage vessels may be exposed to liquid leaks on ships' decks. These low-temperature liquid leaks can cause structural damage to deck equipment.
  • leak detection devices which comprise a liquid impervious layer attached to the inner surface of the tank wall by via an insulating thermal layer.
  • a second screen is formed on the insulating thermal layer and temperature sensing elements are provided along the second screen for electrically or electromagnetically detecting low temperatures.
  • the device is thus able to detect breaks in the liquid impervious layer.
  • the electrical or electromagnetic means for detecting these leaks are advantageously thermocouples (temperature measurement resistance).
  • these structures are first covered with at least one layer of low temperature insulating paint that preserves the structural integrity.
  • An object of the invention is to provide an insulation system for protecting in a simple, inexpensive and highly efficient way, a surface of a low temperature fluid storage facility, which can be brought into contact with this fluid.
  • the invention relates to a panel of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the panel comprises at least one heating element of the body, received in the body.
  • the panel according to the invention may comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination:
  • control unit received in the body, the control unit being connected to the detection element to measure a parameter for detecting the presence of low temperature fluid in gaseous or liquid form, the control unit being connected to the heating element, to activate the heating element;
  • control unit comprises a communication unit with an external control unit, advantageously a set of wireless communication of the Wifi or Bluetooth type;
  • the detection element is chosen from a thermocouple or an optical fiber, the heating element being chosen from a heating cable and / or a heating resistor;
  • the body is manually deformable, being advantageously rollable and unrollable; - the flat body is rigid.
  • the invention also relates to a protection assembly for a low-temperature fluid exploitation installation, characterized in that it comprises:
  • control unit disposed away from the panel, the control unit being connected to the panel, the control unit being able to collect at least one leak detection parameter measured by the detection assembly, and being able to activate the heating element.
  • the assembly according to the invention may comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination:
  • each panel being connected to the control unit.
  • the subject of the invention is also a low temperature fluid operating installation, characterized in that it comprises:
  • the invention also relates to a method for protecting a low-temperature fluid exploitation installation, comprising the following steps:
  • the method according to the invention may comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken separately or in any technically possible combination:
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic side view of a first low temperature fluid exploitation installation, provided with a plurality of protection panels according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of three-quarter face of a protection panel according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a view taken in section along the plane III-III of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 10 A first installation 10 for operating a low temperature fluid according to the invention is illustrated schematically in FIG.
  • the installation 10 is intended for storing, transporting and possibly treating the fluid. It advantageously comprises at least one reservoir 12 of fluid.
  • the fluid is preferably maintained in liquid form, at low temperature, especially at a temperature below -100 ' ⁇ .
  • the fluid is for example a hydrocarbon such as liquefied natural gas or LNG. Its temperature is for example less than -160 ° C.
  • the installation 10 is located on the surface of a body of water 14.
  • the body of water 14 for example a sea, an ocean, a lake, or a river.
  • the installation 10 floats on the body of water 14. It comprises at least one substantially horizontal surface 16 forming a bridge of the installation 10.
  • the surface 16 is generally metallic.
  • the installation 10 is for example a vessel comprising a floating hull 18.
  • the installation 10 is a barge, a platform, a floating plant.
  • the installation 10 is located on the ground.
  • the installation 10 comprises a protection assembly 20, able to protect the surface 16 when a leakage of fluid at low temperature occurs.
  • the assembly 20 comprises a control unit 22, visible in FIG. 1, and at least one protection panel 24 according to the invention, illustrated in more detail in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the assembly 20 comprises a plurality of disjoint and adjacent panels 24 covering substantially the entire surface 16.
  • each panel 24 comprises a flat body 26 of flexible material, applied on the surface 16, at least one element 28 for detecting the presence of fluid, embedded or flush with the body 26, and at least one heating element, located beneath the sensing element 28 in the body 26.
  • Each panel 24 further comprises a control unit 32 received in the body 26.
  • the thickness of the flat body 26 is for example between 10 mm and 15 mm.
  • the contour of the flat body 26 is of different shape.
  • the flat body 26 is flexible to be manually deformable by a positioning operator. It is for example suitable for being wound in the form of a roll and to be unrolled during its application on the surface 16, to adapt to the conformation of the surface 16, in particular to the reliefs present on this surface 16.
  • the body 26 has a lower face 34 intended to be applied on the surface 16, and an upper face 36 extending away from the lower face 34 and intended to be placed in a volume of ambient air.
  • each panel, taken at the upper face 34 is for example less than 1 m 2 and is in particular between 0.1 m 2 and 0.5 m 2 .
  • the panel 24 comprises a plurality of leak detection elements 28 distributed on the panel 24 in the vicinity of the upper face 36, or on this face 36.
  • Each leak detection element 28 is preferably flush with the upper face 36, partially embedded in the body 26.
  • each leak detection element 28 is totally embedded in the body 26, being situated in the vicinity of the upper face 36.
  • each leak detection element 28 is filiform. It is for example chosen from a thermocouple or an optical fiber. It is suitable for detecting a temperature variation on the upper face 36, in particular a decrease in temperature due to the presence of fluid on this face 36.
  • Each detection element 28 is connected to the control unit 32.
  • Each heating element 30 is advantageously located in the vicinity of the lower face 34, below each leak detection element 28.
  • Each heating element 30 is of filiform shape. It is for example formed by a heating cable, or by a heating resistor. In the example shown in Figure 1, each heating element 30 is wound in the form of a coil.
  • Each heating element 30 is connected to the control unit 32.
  • the control unit 32 is embedded in the flat body 26. It preferably comprises a set 38 of electrical energy storage, such as a battery, and a communication assembly 40, able to communicate with the control unit 22 .
  • the control unit 32 is able to periodically activate each detection element 28 to determine a variation of a parameter representative of the temperature on this element 28, significant of the presence of fluid at low temperature on the upper surface 36. This activation is for example, at time intervals between one second and 50 seconds, for example every 15 seconds.
  • the control unit 32 is furthermore able to transmit the measured representative parameter to the control unit 22 via the communication unit 40.
  • control unit 32 When the detected temperature variation is judged significant by the control unit 22, the control unit 32 is able to receive an activation command of each heating element 30 via the communication unit 40.
  • the control unit 32 then activates each heating element 30 by supplying electric power from the storage assembly 38.
  • the protection assembly 20 is put in place on the installation 10, by unfolding each panel 24 to apply it to the surface 16 and cover the surface 16.
  • each panel 24 is applied against the surface 16.
  • Each control unit 32 is matched to the control unit 22 via the transmission assembly 40.
  • control unit 32 activates each leak detection element 28.
  • the parameter representative of the temperature of each element 28 is advantageously measured, then is transmitted to the control unit 22 via the transmission assembly 40.
  • the control unit 22 determines that no low temperature fluid is present on the upper face 36 of the panel 24.
  • the control unit 22 then keeps each heating element 30 inactive.
  • the difference between the temperature measured by the element 28 and the temperature of the ambient air situated above the element 28 becomes greater than the given threshold.
  • the control unit 22 determines that a low temperature fluid is present on the upper face 36 and the panel 24.
  • control unit 22 transmits an activation command of the heating element 30 to the control unit 32 of the panel 24.
  • the control unit 32 then supplies an electric power to each heating element 30 via the electrical energy storage assembly 38.
  • Each heating element 30 present in the body 26 then heats the panel 24 and the surface 16.
  • the surface 16 remains maintained in temperature, despite the presence of fluid at low temperature.
  • the panel 24 thus provides effective thermal insulation and adapted to the surface 16 with respect to the fluid at low temperature.
  • the protection assembly 20 has the advantage of being extremely reactive, since the control unit 22 is informed almost instantaneously of the presence and location of a fluid in gaseous or liquid form at low temperature in a given region of the installation 10.
  • each panel 24 can very quickly activate at least one heating element 30, to thermally isolate the surface 16 and prevent it from cooling significantly.
  • the protection assembly 20 is therefore a very effective and highly reactive protection and monitoring tool.
  • each panel 24 makes each panel 24 particularly effective in terms of thermal protection, which reduces the thickness required for the body 26, and which lighten the overall mass of the protection assembly 20.
  • the flat body 26 is rigid and is in particular non-deformable to the touch. Such a flat body 26 is adapted for example when the surface 16 has a predefined conformation, including planar.
  • the fluid at low temperature is a fluid at a temperature below -100 ° C, in particular a cryogenic fluid at a temperature below -150 ° C.
  • the flat body 26 is full. It contains the detection element 28, the heating element 30, the control unit 32 and the electrical energy storage assembly 38.
  • the flat body 26 is hollow. It comprises a peripheral envelope defining an insertion cavity receiving the heating element 30, the control unit 32, and possibly the detection element 28.
  • the elements received in the insertion cavity are fixed by a filling material .
  • the filling material is for example a hardenable material such as a resin or an expandable material such as a foam for example polyurethane.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a protective panel for low-temperature fluid processing equipment, said panel including a planar body (26) and at least one element (28) for detecting the presence of fluid in gas or liquid form, said element being received in the body (26). The panel comprises at least one element (30) for heating the body (26), said element being received in the body (26).

Description

Panneau de protection pour une installation d'exploitation de fluide à basse température, ensemble, installation et procédé associés Protective panel for a low temperature fluid operating system, assembly, installation and associated method
La présente invention concerne un panneau de protection destiné à être posé sur une surface d'une installation d'exploitation de fluide à basse température, comprenant : The present invention relates to a protective panel for mounting on a surface of a low temperature fluid operating system, comprising:
- un corps plat ;  - a flat body;
- au moins un élément de détection de la présence de fluide sous forme gazeuse ou liquide, reçu dans le corps.  at least one element for detecting the presence of fluid in gaseous or liquid form, received in the body.
Un tel panneau est destiné par exemple à être monté sur une installation d'exploitation de fluide située sur une étendue d'eau, tel qu'un navire, une plate-forme, une barge, ou une usine flottante comme par exemple un FPSO.  Such a panel is intended for example to be mounted on a fluid operating installation located on a body of water, such as a ship, a platform, a barge, or a floating plant such as an FPSO.
Le fluide à basse température est par exemple un liquide à une température inférieure à -100 °C, notamment du gaz naturel liquéfié ou GNL, disponible à une température d'environ -161 °C.  The fluid at low temperature is for example a liquid at a temperature below -100 ° C, in particular liquefied natural gas or LNG, available at a temperature of about -161 ° C.
Les navires de stockage de liquide à basse température peuvent être exposés à des fuites de liquide survenant sur le pont des navires. Ces fuites de liquide à basse température peuvent engendrer des dommages structurels sur les équipements prévus sur le pont.  Low-temperature liquid storage vessels may be exposed to liquid leaks on ships' decks. These low-temperature liquid leaks can cause structural damage to deck equipment.
Un refroidissement brutal d'une partie de pont adjacente à la fuite et une trop longue exposition à ces températures négatives dégrade en particulier les structures métalliques supportant les postes de traitement de gaz situés sur le pont du navire de stockage. Cette dégradation peut engendrer une rupture mécanique résultant de la fragilité de la structure métallique à basse température.  Sudden cooling of a portion of the deck adjacent to the leak and too long exposure to these negative temperatures degrades in particular the metal structures supporting the gas treatment stations located on the deck of the storage vessel. This degradation can cause a mechanical failure resulting from the fragility of the metal structure at low temperature.
Dans un réservoir de stockage pour liquide à très basse température, décrit dans la demande FR 2 220 039, il est connu de placer des dispositifs de détection de fuite qui comportent une couche imperméable au liquide fixée sur la surface intérieure de la paroi du réservoir par l'intermédiaire d'une couche thermique isolante.  In a storage tank for liquid at very low temperature, described in FR 2 220 039, it is known to place leak detection devices which comprise a liquid impervious layer attached to the inner surface of the tank wall by via an insulating thermal layer.
Un second écran est formé sur la couche thermique isolante et des éléments de détection de température sont prévus le long du second écran pour détecter électriquement ou par électromagnétisme des basses températures. Le dispositif est ainsi apte à détecter des ruptures de la couche imperméable au liquide. Les moyens électriques ou électromagnétiques pour détecter ces fuites sont avantageusement des thermocouples (résistance de mesure de température).  A second screen is formed on the insulating thermal layer and temperature sensing elements are provided along the second screen for electrically or electromagnetically detecting low temperatures. The device is thus able to detect breaks in the liquid impervious layer. The electrical or electromagnetic means for detecting these leaks are advantageously thermocouples (temperature measurement resistance).
Il est également connu un système de mesure de température qui est adapté pour détecter de manière fiable et précise toute anomalie de température causée par une fuite accidentelle de liquide à très basse température. Ce système détermine un profil continu de température sur toute la longueur d'une fibre optique offrant ainsi une multitude de points de données pour une seule mesure. It is also known a temperature measurement system that is adapted to reliably and accurately detect any temperature anomaly caused by accidental leakage of liquid at very low temperature. This system determines a continuous profile temperature over the entire length of an optical fiber thus providing a multitude of data points for a single measurement.
Pour isoler les structures métalliques exposées à d'éventuelles fuites de liquide à basse température, ces structures sont au préalable recouvertes d'au moins une couche de peinture isolante à basse température qui préserve l'intégrité structurelle.  To isolate metal structures exposed to possible liquid leakage at low temperatures, these structures are first covered with at least one layer of low temperature insulating paint that preserves the structural integrity.
Dans le cas de navires de stockage de liquide à très basse température, d'autres systèmes sont aussi utilisés pour isoler les installations de pont vis-à-vis d'éventuelles fuites de liquide des cuves de stockage, comme des planchers en bois.  In the case of very low temperature liquid storage vessels, other systems are also used to isolate the bridge installations from liquid leakage from the storage tanks, such as wooden floors.
De tels systèmes d'isolation sont difficiles à mettre en œuvre de par leur complexité lors de la fabrication de l'installation, leur temps de mise en œuvre, et leur coût.  Such insulation systems are difficult to implement because of their complexity during the manufacture of the installation, their implementation time, and their cost.
Un but de l'invention est de fournir un système d'isolation permettant de protéger de manière simple, peu coûteuse et très efficace, une surface d'une installation de stockage de fluide à basse température, susceptible d'être mise en contact avec ce fluide.  An object of the invention is to provide an insulation system for protecting in a simple, inexpensive and highly efficient way, a surface of a low temperature fluid storage facility, which can be brought into contact with this fluid.
À cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un panneau du type précité, caractérisé en ce que le panneau comporte au moins un élément de chauffage du corps, reçu dans le corps.  To this end, the invention relates to a panel of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the panel comprises at least one heating element of the body, received in the body.
Le panneau selon l'invention peut comprendre l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prise(s) isolément ou suivant toute combinaison techniquement possible :  The panel according to the invention may comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination:
- il comporte une centrale de contrôle, reçue dans le corps, la centrale de contrôle étant raccordée à l'élément de détection pour mesurer un paramètre de détection de la présence de fluide à basse température sous forme gazeuse ou liquide, la centrale de contrôle étant raccordée à l'élément de chauffage, pour activer l'élément de chauffage ;  it comprises a control unit, received in the body, the control unit being connected to the detection element to measure a parameter for detecting the presence of low temperature fluid in gaseous or liquid form, the control unit being connected to the heating element, to activate the heating element;
- la centrale de contrôle comporte un ensemble de communication avec une unité de commande externe, avantageusement un ensemble de communication sans fil du type Wifi ou Bluetooth ;  the control unit comprises a communication unit with an external control unit, advantageously a set of wireless communication of the Wifi or Bluetooth type;
- il définit une face inférieure, destinée à être appliquée sur la surface de l'installation d'exploitation de fluide, et une face supérieure, située à l'opposé de la face inférieure, l'élément de détection étant situé au voisinage ou affleurant la face supérieure, l'élément de chauffage étant situé au voisinage ou affleurant la face inférieure ;  it defines a lower face intended to be applied on the surface of the fluid exploitation installation, and an upper face located opposite the lower face, the detection element being located in the vicinity or flush with the upper face, the heating element being located in the vicinity or flush with the lower face;
- l'élément de détection est choisi parmi un thermocouple ou une fibre optique, l'élément de chauffage étant choisi parmi un câble chauffant et/ou une résistance chauffante ;  the detection element is chosen from a thermocouple or an optical fiber, the heating element being chosen from a heating cable and / or a heating resistor;
- le corps est déformable manuellement, en étant avantageusement enroulable et déroulable ; - le corps plat est rigide. - The body is manually deformable, being advantageously rollable and unrollable; - the flat body is rigid.
L'invention a également pour objet un ensemble de protection pour une installation d'exploitation de fluide à basse température, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte :  The invention also relates to a protection assembly for a low-temperature fluid exploitation installation, characterized in that it comprises:
- au moins un panneau tel que défini plus haut, destiné à être appliqué sur une surface de l'installation ;  at least one panel as defined above, intended to be applied to a surface of the installation;
- une unité de commande, disposée à l'écart du panneau, l'unité de commande étant raccordée au panneau, l'unité de commande étant propre à recueillir au moins un paramètre de détection de fuite mesuré par l'ensemble de détection, et étant propre à activer l'élément de chauffage.  a control unit, disposed away from the panel, the control unit being connected to the panel, the control unit being able to collect at least one leak detection parameter measured by the detection assembly, and being able to activate the heating element.
L'ensemble selon l'invention peut comprendre l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prise(s) isolément ou suivant toute combinaison techniquement possible :  The assembly according to the invention may comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination:
- il comporte une pluralité de panneaux destinés à être appliqués sur une surface de l'installation d'exploitation de fluide, chaque panneau étant relié à l'unité de commande.  it comprises a plurality of panels intended to be applied on a surface of the fluid exploitation installation, each panel being connected to the control unit.
L'invention a aussi pour objet une installation d'exploitation de fluide à basse température, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte :  The subject of the invention is also a low temperature fluid operating installation, characterized in that it comprises:
- une surface susceptible d'entrer en contact avec le fluide à basse température ; a surface capable of coming into contact with the fluid at low temperature;
- un ensemble de protection tel que défini plus haut, le panneau étant appliqué sur la surface. a protection assembly as defined above, the panel being applied to the surface.
L'invention a également pour objet un procédé de protection d'une installation d'exploitation de fluide à basse température, comportant les étapes suivantes :  The invention also relates to a method for protecting a low-temperature fluid exploitation installation, comprising the following steps:
- fourniture d'un ensemble tel que défini plus haut, le panneau étant appliqué sur une surface de l'installation susceptible d'entrer en contact avec du fluide à basse température ;  providing an assembly as defined above, the panel being applied to a surface of the installation likely to come into contact with fluid at low temperature;
- vérification à intervalles réguliers de la présence de fluide sous forme gazeuse ou liquide sur le panneau par l'intermédiaire de l'ensemble de détection.  - Check at regular intervals of the presence of fluid in gaseous or liquid form on the panel through the detection assembly.
Le procédé selon l'invention peut comprendre l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prise(s) isolément ou suivant toute combinaison techniquement possible :  The method according to the invention may comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken separately or in any technically possible combination:
- détection de fluide à basse température sous forme gazeuse ou liquide sur le panneau par l'ensemble de détection ;  detection of low temperature fluid in gaseous or liquid form on the panel by the detection assembly;
- activation de l'ensemble de chauffage pour réchauffer le panneau.  - activation of the heating assembly to warm the panel.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple, et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels : - la figure 1 est une vue schématique de côté d'une première installation d'exploitation de fluide à basse température, munie d'une pluralité de panneaux de protection selon l'invention ; The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example, and with reference to the appended drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic side view of a first low temperature fluid exploitation installation, provided with a plurality of protection panels according to the invention;
- la figure 2 est une vue en perspective de trois-quarts face d'un panneau de protection selon l'invention ; et  - Figure 2 is a perspective view of three-quarter face of a protection panel according to the invention; and
- la figure 3 est une vue prise en coupe suivant le plan lll-lll de la figure 2.  FIG. 3 is a view taken in section along the plane III-III of FIG. 2.
Une première installation 10 d'exploitation d'un fluide à basse température selon l'invention est illustrée schématiquement par la figure 1 .  A first installation 10 for operating a low temperature fluid according to the invention is illustrated schematically in FIG.
L'installation 10 est destinée au stockage, au transport, et éventuellement au traitement du fluide. Elle comporte avantageusement au moins un réservoir 12 de fluide.  The installation 10 is intended for storing, transporting and possibly treating the fluid. It advantageously comprises at least one reservoir 12 of fluid.
Le fluide est maintenu de préférence sous forme liquide, à basse température, notamment à une température inférieure à -100 'Ό.  The fluid is preferably maintained in liquid form, at low temperature, especially at a temperature below -100 'Ό.
Le fluide est par exemple un hydrocarbure tel que du gaz naturel liquéfié ou GNL. Sa température est par exemple inférieure à -160 °C.  The fluid is for example a hydrocarbon such as liquefied natural gas or LNG. Its temperature is for example less than -160 ° C.
Dans l'exemple représenté sur la figure 1 , l'installation 10 est située à la surface d'une étendue d'eau 14. L'étendue d'eau 14 par exemple une mer, un océan, un lac, ou une rivière.  In the example shown in Figure 1, the installation 10 is located on the surface of a body of water 14. The body of water 14 for example a sea, an ocean, a lake, or a river.
Dans cet exemple, l'installation 10 flotte sur l'étendue d'eau 14. Elle comporte au moins une surface sensiblement horizontale 16 formant un pont de l'installation 10. La surface 16 est généralement métallique.  In this example, the installation 10 floats on the body of water 14. It comprises at least one substantially horizontal surface 16 forming a bridge of the installation 10. The surface 16 is generally metallic.
L'installation 10 est par exemple un navire comprenant une coque flottante 18. En variante, l'installation 10 est une barge, une plate-forme, une usine flottante.  The installation 10 is for example a vessel comprising a floating hull 18. In a variant, the installation 10 is a barge, a platform, a floating plant.
Dans encore une autre variante (non représentée), l'installation 10 est située à terre.  In yet another variant (not shown), the installation 10 is located on the ground.
Selon l'invention, l'installation 10 comporte un ensemble 20 de protection, propre à protéger la surface 16 lorsqu'une fuite de fluide à basse température se produit.  According to the invention, the installation 10 comprises a protection assembly 20, able to protect the surface 16 when a leakage of fluid at low temperature occurs.
L'ensemble 20 comporte une unité de commande 22, visible sur la figure 1 , et au moins un panneau 24 de protection selon l'invention, illustré plus en détail par les figures 2 et 3.  The assembly 20 comprises a control unit 22, visible in FIG. 1, and at least one protection panel 24 according to the invention, illustrated in more detail in FIGS. 2 and 3.
Dans l'exemple représenté sur la figure 1 , l'ensemble 20 comporte une pluralité de panneaux 24 disjoints et adjacents couvrant sensiblement totalement la surface 16.  In the example shown in FIG. 1, the assembly 20 comprises a plurality of disjoint and adjacent panels 24 covering substantially the entire surface 16.
Comme illustré par la figure 2 et par la figure 3, chaque panneau 24 comporte un corps plat 26 en matériau souple, appliqué sur la surface 16, au moins un élément 28 de détection de la présence de fluide, noyé ou affleurant le corps 26, et au moins un élément 30 de chauffage, situé sous l'élément de détection 28 dans le corps 26. Chaque panneau 24 comporte en outre une centrale de contrôle 32 reçue dans le corps 26. As illustrated in FIG. 2 and in FIG. 3, each panel 24 comprises a flat body 26 of flexible material, applied on the surface 16, at least one element 28 for detecting the presence of fluid, embedded or flush with the body 26, and at least one heating element, located beneath the sensing element 28 in the body 26. Each panel 24 further comprises a control unit 32 received in the body 26.
L'épaisseur du corps plat 26 est par exemple comprise entre 10 mm et 15 mm. The thickness of the flat body 26 is for example between 10 mm and 15 mm.
Dans cet exemple, il définit un contour polygonal, notamment rectangulaire. En variante, le contour du corps plat 26 est de forme différente. In this example, it defines a polygonal contour, in particular rectangular. Alternatively, the contour of the flat body 26 is of different shape.
Le corps plat 26 est souple pour être déformable manuellement par un opérateur de mise en place. Il est par exemple propre à être enroulé sous forme d'un rouleau et à être déroulé lors de son application sur la surface 16, pour s'adapter à la conformation de la surface 16, notamment aux reliefs présents sur cette surface 16.  The flat body 26 is flexible to be manually deformable by a positioning operator. It is for example suitable for being wound in the form of a roll and to be unrolled during its application on the surface 16, to adapt to the conformation of the surface 16, in particular to the reliefs present on this surface 16.
II possède une bonne conductivité thermique et une robustesse suffisante pour accommoder les composants disposés à l'intérieur du corps plat 26.  It has good thermal conductivity and robustness sufficient to accommodate components disposed within the flat body 26.
Le corps 26 présente une face inférieure 34 destinée à être appliquée sur la surface 16, et une face supérieure 36, s'étendant à l'opposé de la face inférieure 34 et destinée à être placée dans un volume d'air ambiant.  The body 26 has a lower face 34 intended to be applied on the surface 16, and an upper face 36 extending away from the lower face 34 and intended to be placed in a volume of ambient air.
L'aire de chaque panneau, prise au niveau de la face supérieure 34 est par exemple inférieure à 1 m2 et est notamment comprise entre 0,1 m2 et 0,5 m2. The area of each panel, taken at the upper face 34 is for example less than 1 m 2 and is in particular between 0.1 m 2 and 0.5 m 2 .
Dans cet exemple, le panneau 24 comporte une pluralité d'éléments de détection de fuite 28 répartis sur le panneau 24 au voisinage de la face supérieure 36, ou sur cette face 36.  In this example, the panel 24 comprises a plurality of leak detection elements 28 distributed on the panel 24 in the vicinity of the upper face 36, or on this face 36.
Chaque élément de détection de fuite 28 affleure avantageusement la face supérieure 36, en étant partiellement noyé dans le corps 26.  Each leak detection element 28 is preferably flush with the upper face 36, partially embedded in the body 26.
Dans ce cas, lorsque le fluide à basse température, sous forme gazeuse ou liquide, parvient au contact de la face supérieure 36 du corps plat 26, l'élément de détection de fuite 28 est en contact avec le fluide.  In this case, when the low temperature fluid, in gaseous or liquid form, comes into contact with the upper face 36 of the flat body 26, the leak detection element 28 is in contact with the fluid.
En variante, chaque élément de détection de fuite 28 est totalement noyé dans le corps 26, en étant situé au voisinage de la face supérieure 36.  In a variant, each leak detection element 28 is totally embedded in the body 26, being situated in the vicinity of the upper face 36.
Dans cet exemple, chaque élément de détection de fuite 28 est filiforme. Il est par exemple choisi parmi un thermocouple ou une fibre optique. Il est propre à détecter une variation de température sur la face supérieure 36, notamment une diminution de température due à la présence de fluide sur cette face 36.  In this example, each leak detection element 28 is filiform. It is for example chosen from a thermocouple or an optical fiber. It is suitable for detecting a temperature variation on the upper face 36, in particular a decrease in temperature due to the presence of fluid on this face 36.
Chaque élément de détection 28 est raccordé à la centrale de contrôle 32.  Each detection element 28 is connected to the control unit 32.
Chaque élément de chauffage 30 est avantageusement situé au voisinage de la face inférieure 34, en dessous de chaque élément de détection de fuite 28.  Each heating element 30 is advantageously located in the vicinity of the lower face 34, below each leak detection element 28.
Chaque élément de chauffage 30 est de forme filiforme. Il est par exemple formé par un câble chauffant, ou par une résistance chauffante. Dans l'exemple représenté sur la figure 1 , chaque élément de chauffage 30 est enroulé sous forme d'un serpentin. Each heating element 30 is of filiform shape. It is for example formed by a heating cable, or by a heating resistor. In the example shown in Figure 1, each heating element 30 is wound in the form of a coil.
Chaque élément de chauffage 30 est raccordé à la centrale de contrôle 32.  Each heating element 30 is connected to the control unit 32.
La centrale de contrôle 32 est noyée dans le corps plat 26. Elle comporte de préférence un ensemble 38 de stockage d'énergie électrique, tel qu'une batterie, et un ensemble 40 de communication, propre à communiquer avec l'unité de commande 22.  The control unit 32 is embedded in the flat body 26. It preferably comprises a set 38 of electrical energy storage, such as a battery, and a communication assembly 40, able to communicate with the control unit 22 .
La centrale de contrôle 32 est propre à activer périodiquement chaque élément de détection 28 pour déterminer une variation d'un paramètre représentatif de la température sur cet élément 28, significative de la présence de fluide à basse température sur la surface supérieure 36. Cette activation est effectuée par exemple, à des intervalles de temps compris entre une seconde et 50 secondes, par exemple toutes les 15 secondes.  The control unit 32 is able to periodically activate each detection element 28 to determine a variation of a parameter representative of the temperature on this element 28, significant of the presence of fluid at low temperature on the upper surface 36. This activation is for example, at time intervals between one second and 50 seconds, for example every 15 seconds.
La centrale de contrôle 32 est en outre apte à transmettre le paramètre représentatif mesuré à l'unité de commande 22 par l'intermédiaire de l'ensemble de communication 40.  The control unit 32 is furthermore able to transmit the measured representative parameter to the control unit 22 via the communication unit 40.
Lorsque la variation de température détectée est jugée significative par l'unité de commande 22, la centrale de contrôle 32 est propre à recevoir un ordre d'activation de chaque élément de chauffage 30 par l'intermédiaire de l'ensemble de communication 40.  When the detected temperature variation is judged significant by the control unit 22, the control unit 32 is able to receive an activation command of each heating element 30 via the communication unit 40.
La centrale de contrôle 32 active alors chaque élément de chauffage 30 en lui fournissant une puissance électrique provenant de l'ensemble de stockage 38.  The control unit 32 then activates each heating element 30 by supplying electric power from the storage assembly 38.
Le fonctionnement de l'ensemble de protection 20 va maintenant être décrit.  The operation of the protection assembly 20 will now be described.
Initialement, l'ensemble de protection 20 est mis en place sur l'installation 10, en déployant chaque panneau 24 pour l'appliquer sur la surface 16 et couvrir la surface 16.  Initially, the protection assembly 20 is put in place on the installation 10, by unfolding each panel 24 to apply it to the surface 16 and cover the surface 16.
La face inférieure 34 de chaque panneau 24 est appliquée contre la surface 16. Chaque centrale de contrôle 32 est appariée à l'unité de commande 22 par l'intermédiaire de l'ensemble de transmission 40.  The lower face 34 of each panel 24 is applied against the surface 16. Each control unit 32 is matched to the control unit 22 via the transmission assembly 40.
Lors du fonctionnement normal de l'installation 10, le fluide à basse température est confiné dans chaque réservoir 12.  During normal operation of the installation 10, the low temperature fluid is confined in each tank 12.
Aucun fluide à basse température n'est présent sur la face supérieure 36 de chaque panneau 24.  No low temperature fluid is present on the upper face 36 of each panel 24.
À intervalles réguliers, par exemple compris entre une seconde et 50 secondes, notamment égale à 15 secondes, la centrale de commande 32 active chaque élément de détection de fuite 28.  At regular intervals, for example between one second and 50 seconds, in particular equal to 15 seconds, the control unit 32 activates each leak detection element 28.
Le paramètre représentatif de la température de chaque élément 28 est avantageusement mesuré, puis est transmis à l'unité de commande 22 par l'intermédiaire de l'ensemble de transmission 40. Lorsque la différence entre la température mesurée par chaque élément 28, et la température de l'air ambiant situé au-dessus de l'élément 28 reste inférieure à un seuil donné, par exemple inférieure à 10 °C, l'unité de commande 22 détermine qu'aucun fluide à basse température n'est présent sur la face supérieure 36 du panneau 24. The parameter representative of the temperature of each element 28 is advantageously measured, then is transmitted to the control unit 22 via the transmission assembly 40. When the difference between the temperature measured by each element 28, and the ambient air temperature situated above the element 28 remains below a given threshold, for example less than 10 ° C., the control unit 22 determines that no low temperature fluid is present on the upper face 36 of the panel 24.
L'unité de commande 22 maintient alors chaque élément de chauffage 30 inactif. The control unit 22 then keeps each heating element 30 inactive.
Lorsque du fluide sous forme gazeuse ou liquide à basse température parvient au contact de la face supérieure 36, par exemple en cas de fuite provenant d'un des réservoirs 12, la température mesurée par chaque élément 28 au contact du fluide, ou situé en regard du fluide diminue significativement. When fluid in gaseous or liquid form at low temperature comes into contact with the upper face 36, for example in case of leakage from one of the tanks 12, the temperature measured by each element 28 in contact with the fluid, or located opposite fluid decreases significantly.
La différence entre la température mesurée par l'élément 28 et la température de l'air ambiant situé au-dessus de l'élément 28 devient supérieure au seuil donné.  The difference between the temperature measured by the element 28 and the temperature of the ambient air situated above the element 28 becomes greater than the given threshold.
L'unité de commande 22 détermine alors qu'un fluide à basse température est présent sur la face supérieure 36 et du panneau 24.  The control unit 22 then determines that a low temperature fluid is present on the upper face 36 and the panel 24.
Immédiatement, l'unité de commande 22 transmet un ordre d'activation de l'élément de chauffage 30 à la centrale de contrôle 32 du panneau 24.  Immediately, the control unit 22 transmits an activation command of the heating element 30 to the control unit 32 of the panel 24.
La centrale de contrôle 32 fournit alors une puissance électrique à chaque élément de chauffage 30 par l'intermédiaire de l'ensemble de stockage d'énergie électrique 38.  The control unit 32 then supplies an electric power to each heating element 30 via the electrical energy storage assembly 38.
Chaque élément de chauffage 30 présent dans le corps 26 chauffe alors le panneau 24 et la surface 16.  Each heating element 30 present in the body 26 then heats the panel 24 and the surface 16.
La surface 16 reste maintenue en température, malgré la présence de fluide à basse température. Le panneau 24 réalise ainsi une isolation thermique efficace et adaptée de la surface 16 par rapport au fluide à basse température.  The surface 16 remains maintained in temperature, despite the presence of fluid at low temperature. The panel 24 thus provides effective thermal insulation and adapted to the surface 16 with respect to the fluid at low temperature.
Ainsi, l'ensemble de protection 20 présente l'avantage d'être extrêmement réactif, puisque l'unité de commande 22 est informée quasi-instantanément de la présence et de la localisation d'un fluide sous forme gazeuse ou liquide à basse température dans une région donnée de l'installation 10.  Thus, the protection assembly 20 has the advantage of being extremely reactive, since the control unit 22 is informed almost instantaneously of the presence and location of a fluid in gaseous or liquid form at low temperature in a given region of the installation 10.
La présence d'une centrale de contrôle 32 déportée sur chaque panneau 24 permet d'activer très rapidement au moins un élément de chauffage 30, afin d'isoler thermiquement la surface 16 et éviter qu'elle refroidisse significativement.  The presence of a remote control unit 32 on each panel 24 can very quickly activate at least one heating element 30, to thermally isolate the surface 16 and prevent it from cooling significantly.
L'ensemble de protection 20 constitue donc un outil de protection et de surveillance très efficace et très réactif.  The protection assembly 20 is therefore a very effective and highly reactive protection and monitoring tool.
Les éléments de chauffage 30 rendent chaque panneau 24 particulièrement efficace en terme de protection thermique, ce qui réduit l'épaisseur nécessaire pour le corps 26, et ce qui allège la masse globale de l'ensemble de protection 20. En variante, le corps plat 26 est rigide et est notamment non déformable au toucher. Un tel corps plat 26 est adapté par exemple lorsque la surface 16 possède une conformation prédéfinie, notamment plane. The heating elements 30 make each panel 24 particularly effective in terms of thermal protection, which reduces the thickness required for the body 26, and which lighten the overall mass of the protection assembly 20. In a variant, the flat body 26 is rigid and is in particular non-deformable to the touch. Such a flat body 26 is adapted for example when the surface 16 has a predefined conformation, including planar.
D'une manière générale, comme exposé plus haut, le fluide à basse température est un fluide à une température inférieure à -100 °C, en particulier un fluide cryogénique à une température inférieure à -150 °C.  In general, as explained above, the fluid at low temperature is a fluid at a temperature below -100 ° C, in particular a cryogenic fluid at a temperature below -150 ° C.
Dans le mode de réalisation décrit sur la figure 3, le corps plat 26 est plein. Il contient l'élément de détection 28, l'élément de chauffage 30, la centrale de commande 32 et l'ensemble 38 de stockage d'énergie électrique.  In the embodiment described in Figure 3, the flat body 26 is full. It contains the detection element 28, the heating element 30, the control unit 32 and the electrical energy storage assembly 38.
Dans une variante, le corps plat 26 est creux. Il comporte une enveloppe périphérique définissant une cavité d'insertion recevant l'élément de chauffage 30, la centrale de commande 32, et éventuellement l'élément de détection 28. Les éléments reçus dans la cavité d'insertion sont fixés par un matériau de remplissage. Le matériau de remplissage est par exemple un matériau durcissable tel qu'une résine ou un matériau expansible tel qu'une mousse par exemple en polyuréthane.  In a variant, the flat body 26 is hollow. It comprises a peripheral envelope defining an insertion cavity receiving the heating element 30, the control unit 32, and possibly the detection element 28. The elements received in the insertion cavity are fixed by a filling material . The filling material is for example a hardenable material such as a resin or an expandable material such as a foam for example polyurethane.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . - Panneau de protection (24) destiné à être posé sur une surface (16) d'une installation (10) d'exploitation de fluide à une température inférieure à -100 °C, comprenant : 1. - Protective panel (24) to be placed on a surface (16) of a fluid operating installation (10) at a temperature below -100 ° C, comprising:
- un corps plat (26) ;  - a flat body (26);
- au moins un élément (28) de détection de la présence de fluide sous forme gazeuse ou liquide, reçu dans le corps (26) ;  at least one element (28) for detecting the presence of fluid in gaseous or liquid form, received in the body (26);
caractérisé en ce que le panneau (24) comporte au moins un élément (30) de chauffage du corps (26), reçu dans le corps (26).  characterized in that the panel (24) comprises at least one element (30) for heating the body (26) received in the body (26).
2. - Panneau (24) selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une centrale (32) de contrôle, reçue dans le corps (26), la centrale de contrôle (32) étant raccordée à l'élément de détection (28) pour mesurer un paramètre de détection de la présence de fluide à une température inférieure à -Ι ΟΟ 'Ό sous forme gazeuse ou liquide, la centrale de contrôle (32) étant raccordée à l'élément de chauffage (30), pour activer l'élément de chauffage (30).  2. - Panel (24) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a control unit (32) received in the body (26), the control unit (32) being connected to the detection element (28) for measuring a parameter for detecting the presence of fluid at a temperature below -Ι ΟΟ 'Ό in gaseous or liquid form, the control unit (32) being connected to the heating element (30), for activate the heating element (30).
3. - Panneau (24) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la centrale de contrôle (32) comporte un ensemble (40) de communication avec une unité de commande externe (22), avantageusement un ensemble de communication (40) sans fil du type Wifi ou Bluetooth.  3. - Panel (24) according to claim 2, characterized in that the control unit (32) comprises a set (40) of communication with an external control unit (22), preferably a communication assembly (40) without wire type Wifi or Bluetooth.
4. - Panneau (24) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il définit une face inférieure (34), destinée à être appliquée sur la surface (16) de l'installation (10) d'exploitation de fluide, et une face supérieure (36), située à l'opposé de la face inférieure (34), l'élément de détection (28) étant situé au voisinage ou affleurant la face supérieure (36), l'élément de chauffage (30) étant situé au voisinage ou affleurant la face inférieure (34).  4. - Panel (24) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it defines a lower face (34) intended to be applied on the surface (16) of the installation (10) operating of fluid, and an upper face (36), located opposite the lower face (34), the sensing element (28) being located adjacent or flush with the upper face (36), the heating element (30) being located in the vicinity or flush with the underside (34).
5. - Panneau (24) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de détection (28) est choisi parmi un thermocouple ou une fibre optique, l'élément de chauffage (30) étant choisi parmi un câble chauffant et/ou une résistance chauffante.  5. - Panel (24) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the detection element (28) is selected from a thermocouple or an optical fiber, the heating element (30) being selected from a heating cable and / or a heating resistor.
6. - Panneau (24) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le corps (26) est déformable manuellement, en étant avantageusement enroulable et déroulable.  6. - Panel (24) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body (26) is manually deformable, being advantageously rollable and unrollable.
7. - Panneau (24) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le corps (26) est rigide. 7. - Panel (24) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the body (26) is rigid.
8.- Panneau (24) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le corps (26) comporte une enveloppe délimitant une cavité recevant l'élément de chauffage (30) et un matériau de remplissage fixant l'élément de chauffage (30) dans la cavité. 8.- panel (24) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body (26) comprises an envelope defining a cavity receiving the heating element (30) and a filling material fixing the element of heating (30) in the cavity.
9.- Ensemble (20) de protection pour une installation (10) d'exploitation de fluide à une température inférieure à -100 °C, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte :  9.- Protection assembly (20) for a fluid operating installation (10) at a temperature below -100 ° C., characterized in that it comprises:
- au moins un panneau (24) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, destiné à être appliqué sur une surface (16) de l'installation ;  at least one panel (24) according to any one of the preceding claims, intended to be applied on a surface (16) of the installation;
- une unité (22) de commande, disposée à l'écart du panneau (24), l'unité de commande (22) étant raccordée au panneau (24), l'unité de commande (22) étant propre à recueillir au moins un paramètre de détection de fuite mesuré par l'ensemble de détection (28), et étant propre à activer l'élément de chauffage (30).  - a control unit (22) disposed away from the panel (24), the control unit (22) being connected to the panel (24), the control unit (22) being adapted to collect at least a leak detection parameter measured by the detection assembly (28), and being adapted to activate the heating element (30).
10. - Ensemble (20) selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une pluralité de panneaux (24) destinés à être appliqués sur une surface (16) de l'installation d'exploitation de fluide, chaque panneau (24) étant relié à l'unité de commande (22).  10. - assembly (20) according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of panels (24) intended to be applied on a surface (16) of the fluid operating installation, each panel (24). ) being connected to the control unit (22).
1 1 . - Installation (10) d'exploitation de fluide à une température inférieure à -100°C, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte :  1 1. - Installation (10) operating fluid at a temperature below -100 ° C, characterized in that it comprises:
- une surface (16) susceptible d'entrer en contact avec le fluide à basse température ;  a surface (16) capable of coming into contact with the fluid at low temperature;
- un ensemble de protection (20) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 ou - a protection assembly (20) according to any one of claims 9 or
10, le panneau (24) étant appliqué sur la surface (16). 10, the panel (24) being applied to the surface (16).
12. - Procédé de protection d'une installation (10) d'exploitation de fluide à une température inférieure à -100°C, comportant les étapes suivantes :  12. - Method for protecting a fluid exploitation installation (10) at a temperature below -100 ° C., comprising the following steps:
- fourniture d'un ensemble (20) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 ou 10, le panneau (24) étant appliqué sur une surface (16) de l'installation susceptible d'entrer en contact avec du fluide à une température inférieure à -100°C ;  - Providing an assembly (20) according to any one of claims 9 or 10, the panel (24) being applied to a surface (16) of the installation likely to come into contact with fluid at a lower temperature at -100 ° C;
- vérification à intervalles réguliers de la présence de fluide sous forme gazeuse ou liquide sur le panneau (24) par l'intermédiaire de l'ensemble de détection (28).  - Check at regular intervals of the presence of fluid in gaseous or liquid form on the panel (24) via the detection assembly (28).
13. - Procédé selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les étapes suivantes :  13. - Method according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
- détection de fluide à une température inférieure à -Ι ΟΟ 'Ό sous forme gazeuse ou liquide sur le panneau (24) par l'ensemble de détection (28) ;  - Detecting fluid at a temperature below -Ι ΟΟ 'Ό in gaseous or liquid form on the panel (24) by the detection assembly (28);
- activation de l'ensemble de chauffage (30) pour réchauffer le panneau (24).  - Activation of the heating assembly (30) to heat the panel (24).
PCT/EP2014/055552 2013-03-20 2014-03-19 Protective panel for low-temperature fluid processing equipment, and related assembly, equipment, and method WO2014147152A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201480023096.1A CN105143034A (en) 2013-03-20 2014-03-19 Protective panel for low-temperature fluid processing equipment, and related assembly, equipment, and method
JP2016504581A JP2016523748A (en) 2013-03-20 2014-03-19 Protective panel for cryogenic fluid treatment facility and associated assembly, facility and method
SG11201507794TA SG11201507794TA (en) 2013-03-20 2014-03-19 Protective panel for low-temperature fluid processing equipment, and related assembly, equipment, and method
KR1020157025612A KR20150120464A (en) 2013-03-20 2014-03-19 Protective panel for low-temperature fluid processing equipment, and related assembly, equipment, and method

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1352480 2013-03-20
FR1352480A FR3003626B1 (en) 2013-03-20 2013-03-20 PROTECTIVE PANEL FOR LOW TEMPERATURE FLUID OPERATING SYSTEM, ASSEMBLY, INSTALLATION AND METHOD THEREOF

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014147152A1 true WO2014147152A1 (en) 2014-09-25

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JP (1) JP2016523748A (en)
KR (1) KR20150120464A (en)
CN (1) CN105143034A (en)
FR (1) FR3003626B1 (en)
SG (1) SG11201507794TA (en)
WO (1) WO2014147152A1 (en)

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FR2220039A1 (en) 1973-03-02 1974-09-27 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd
EP0780623A1 (en) * 1995-12-21 1997-06-25 Chantiers De L'atlantique Vessel with leak detector
FR2798902A1 (en) * 1999-09-29 2001-03-30 Gaz Transport & Technigaz Thermally-insulated tank integrated into load-bearing structure of ship employs lower density foam block insulation adhered over transoms
FR2904678A1 (en) * 2006-08-01 2008-02-08 Jean Claude Junique Inflammable liquefied gas i.e. liquefied natural gas, accidental leakage controlled dispersing method for e.g. liquefied natural gas regasification plant, involves dispersing air that is heated and lighter than atmospheric air in zone
WO2009061111A2 (en) * 2007-11-05 2009-05-14 Lee, Sang Jun Heating apparatus for thermal insulating in room temperature

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SG11201507794TA (en) 2015-10-29
CN105143034A (en) 2015-12-09
KR20150120464A (en) 2015-10-27
FR3003626B1 (en) 2015-04-17
JP2016523748A (en) 2016-08-12
FR3003626A1 (en) 2014-09-26

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