WO2014146465A1 - 无线局域网络中选择信道的方法及系统 - Google Patents

无线局域网络中选择信道的方法及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014146465A1
WO2014146465A1 PCT/CN2013/089833 CN2013089833W WO2014146465A1 WO 2014146465 A1 WO2014146465 A1 WO 2014146465A1 CN 2013089833 W CN2013089833 W CN 2013089833W WO 2014146465 A1 WO2014146465 A1 WO 2014146465A1
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Prior art keywords
channel
frame
sta
station
time period
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PCT/CN2013/089833
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邢卫民
李楠
孙波
吕开颖
田开波
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2014146465A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014146465A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00Local resource management
    • H04W72/50Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00Network topologies
    • H04W84/02Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wireless local area network (WLAN) technology, and more particularly to a method and system for selecting a channel in a WLAN. Background technique
  • WLAN system a central control point and a plurality of stations (STA, STAtion) associated with the central control point form a basic service set (BSS, Basic Service Set) 0
  • BSS Basic Service Set
  • the central point is the access control Point (AP, Access Point) or Personal Basic Service Set Control Point (PCP).
  • AP Access Point
  • PCP Personal Basic Service Set Control Point
  • CSMA/CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance
  • IEEE 802.11 proposes a virtual channel detection mechanism, namely: including a reserved channel time (Duration) in the frame header of the radio frame, other
  • the intercepting STA that receives the radio frame containing the Duration updates the locally stored network allocation vector (NAV, Network Allocation Vector), wherein the NAV is mainly represented by a NAV timer, and updating the NAV means updating the value of the NAV timer.
  • the value of the NAV timer is updated to the maximum value of the Duration in all the received radio frames, during which the listening STA does not transmit data, thereby avoiding the problem that the hidden STA competes for the channel. After the value of the NAV timer is reduced to zero, other STAs can send data.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of channel reservation using an RTS (Request To Send) frame/clear to send (CTS) message.
  • RTS Request To Send
  • CTS clear to send
  • the transmitting STA sends an RTS carrying a Duration.
  • the frame performs channel reservation.
  • the receiving STA sends a channel reservation confirmation to the transmitting STA in response to the CTS frame carrying the Duration to ensure that the sender can complete the frame exchange.
  • the access delay is delayed, and the time for delaying the access is the maximum value of the Duration in the RTS frame and the CTS frame.
  • the receiving STA cannot transmit a CTS frame in response to the RTS frame.
  • directional beam transmission is used instead of omnidirectional beam transmission.
  • This transmission method facilitates spatial multiplexing and concentrates energy in one direction, thus improving the transmitting and receiving STAs. Communication quality.
  • the directional beam means that the signal coverage is a cone
  • the omnidirectional beam means that the signal coverage is spherical.
  • a central control point is used in a WLAN that uses a directional beam to transmit signals to schedule each STA to transmit signals to avoid interference while achieving spatial multiplexing.
  • the scope of the central control point scheduling includes: sending of signals between the central control point and each STA, and sending of signals between the STA and the STA.
  • there is only one NAV timer that is, the STA updates the local NAV timer according to the maximum value in the Duration in each received radio frame. Value, and in a WLAN that uses a directional beam to transmit signals, the STA may have multiple NAV timers, each NAV timer being identified by the address of a pair of STAs. For example, STAA sends a radio frame containing Duration. After receiving the radio frame, the STA B responds to the STA A with the radio frame containing the Duration.
  • the STA C After receiving the two radio frames, the STA C determines that the channel is occupied by the STA A and the STA B, and the STA C according to the STA A
  • the NAV timer is updated with the maximum value of Duration in the radio frame transmitted by STA B, and the NAV timer is bound to the addresses of STA A and STA B, and can be respectively recorded as NAV-SA and NAV-DA.
  • the following describes the transmission protection in the prior art Directional Multi-Gigabit (DMG) network and the process of setting the NAV timer. It is assumed that STA 1 and STA 2 need to occupy a transmission opportunity (TXOP) or a service period (SP) for data transmission and need to protect the transmitted data, and STA 1 is a transmitting STA, and the time required for the transmitted data can pass.
  • TXOP transmission opportunity
  • SP service period
  • the contention can also be assigned or authorized by the central control point or the current channel holder.
  • the STA may be an AP or a PCP.
  • STA 1 and STA 2 listen to the channel in a period of time T before the TXOP or SP.
  • the value of ⁇ may be different according to the access mode, and the busy idleness of the channel is set according to the monitoring result, if other STAs are received.
  • the value of the NAV timer needs to be updated. If STA 1 monitors the channel idle in T, it may send an RTS frame to STA 2 at the beginning of TXOP or SP; if the TXOP or SP starts, the channel detection is busy or the value of any NAV timer local to STA 1 is not If it is 0, STA 1 cannot perform radio frame transmission in the time when the channel is busy or the value of the NAV timer is not 0, that is, the RTS frame cannot be sent to STA 2, only when the channel is not busy or the value of the NAV timer is 0.
  • STA 2 After STA 2 receives the RTS frame of STA 1, if STA 2 monitors that the channel is idle in T and the value of the local NAV timer is 0, STA 2 immediately sends a DMG CTS frame to STA 1 in response to the RTS frame. If STA 2's local NAV timer value is not 0, STA 2 cannot reply to the DMG CTS frame, but can reply to the DMG Deny To Send frame (DTS) and set the remaining values of all NAV timers.
  • DTS DMG Deny To Send frame
  • STA 1 and STA 2 are assigned an SP with a time length of T1.
  • STA 1 receives the DMG DTS frame of STA 2, and informs that the data cannot be sent within T2 after the DMG DTS frame. After that, STA 1 uses T2 to update the value of the local NAV timer. In this case, STA 1 can only use the time remaining after T2 in T1 for data transmission.
  • the local NAV when the STA performs radio frame transmission, the local NAV only considers the time factor, that is, as long as the value of the NAV timer is not 0, the STA cannot perform data transmission, but the use of the WLAN millimeter wave.
  • bandwidths corresponding to the channel to be selected There are a variety of bandwidths corresponding to the channel to be selected. If the above method is used, that is, only the value of the NAV timer is considered, resource waste may be caused. For example, in the above process, it is assumed that the bandwidth allocated for STA 1 and STA 2 is 2 GHz of a certain center frequency, the allocated bandwidth occupies two channels, and the transmission of setting NAV uses only the low 1 GHz of 2 GHz.
  • the channel corresponding to the bandwidth that is, only 1 GHz bandwidth is actually occupied in the T2 time, but STA 1 and STA 2 cannot perform channel selection according to the prior art, that is, cannot occupy the remaining 1 GHz bandwidth, that is, 1 GHz lower than 2 GHz.
  • the channel corresponding to the bandwidth is transmitted in T2, thus causing waste of channel resources.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a method and system for selecting a channel in a WLAN.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for selecting a channel in a WLAN, where the method includes: when a data transmission is required, the sending STA and the receiving STA negotiate according to one or more parameter vector sets for indicating a busy state of the channel.
  • the channel that can be used.
  • the sending STA and the receiving STA negotiate a valid channel according to one or more parameter vector sets for indicating a busy state of the channel, including:
  • the transmitting STA determines, according to the one or more parameter vector sets for indicating a busy state of the channel, the channel that can be used by the transmitting STA;
  • the receiving STA includes, according to the one or more parameter vector sets for indicating the busy state of the channel and the received radio frame, the transmitting STA, including the channel for the current data transmission and the corresponding time period information, to the sending STA. Wireless frame.
  • the radio frame sent by the sending STA is an RTS frame; correspondingly, the radio frame sent by the receiving STA is a CTS frame or a DTS frame.
  • the RTS frame, the CTS frame, and channel information and/or corresponding time period information in the DTS frame are explicitly carried in the RTS frame, the CTS frame, and the DTS frame.
  • the RTS frame, the CTS frame, and channel information and/or corresponding time period information in the DTS frame are explicitly carried in the RTS frame, the CTS frame, and media access of the DTS frame.
  • Control MAC, Media Access Control
  • channel information in the radio frame is implicitly determined by a channel used for transmitting the radio frame.
  • the method before the data transmission is required, the method further includes:
  • the transmitting STA and the receiving STA monitor the allocated channel within a set time, and maintain the one or more parameter vector sets for indicating the busy state of the channel according to the monitoring result.
  • the parameter vector set includes: a reserved time period, an associated channel, and a transceiver STA address corresponding to the associated channel.
  • the method further includes:
  • the transmitting STA performs data transmission with the receiving STA by using the negotiated usable channel.
  • the sending STA uses the negotiated available channel to perform data transmission with the receiving STA, including:
  • the transmitting STA uses the channel indicated by the CTS frame and the corresponding time period to perform data transmission with the receiving STA;
  • the transmitting STA uses the allocation indicated by the DTS frame in its own available channel before the expiration of the time period of the channel that cannot be used in the allocated channel indicated by the DTS frame.
  • the transmitting STA After the time period of the channel that cannot be used in the allocated channel indicated by the DTS frame expires, the transmitting STA performs data transmission with the receiving STA by using a channel including an unusable channel indicated by the DTS frame;
  • the DTS frame includes a channel that cannot be used in the allocated channel and a corresponding time period.
  • the method further includes:
  • the sending STA and the receiving STA according to the one or more parameter vector sets for indicating the busy state of the channel are maintained by the receiving STA. Re-negotiate the available channels.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for selecting a channel in a WLAN, where the system includes: a first STA and a second STA;
  • the second STA negotiates a channel that can be used according to one or more parameter vector sets for indicating the busy state of the channel maintained by the second STA.
  • the first STA is configured to: according to the one or more maintained by itself a parameter vector set for indicating a busy state of the channel, determining a channel that can be used by the channel from the allocated channel; and exposing the reserved time period included in the parameter vector set for indicating the busy state of the channel in the self-maintenance Before, using the determined channel that can be used by itself to the second
  • the STA sends a radio frame including the available channel and the corresponding time period information; and receives the radio frame that is sent by the second STA and includes the channel for the current data transmission and the corresponding time period information;
  • the second STA is configured to: after receiving the radio frame that includes the available channel and the corresponding time period information sent by the first STA, the one or more parameter vector sets used to indicate the busy state of the channel according to the self-maintained
  • the received radio frame includes, to the first STA, a channel that can be used for the current data transmission and a radio frame corresponding to the time period information.
  • the radio frame sent by the first STA is an RTS frame; correspondingly, the radio frame sent by the second STA is a CTS frame or a DTS frame.
  • the first STA is further configured to monitor the allocated channel within a set time, and maintain the one or more parameter vector set for indicating the busy state of the channel according to the monitoring result;
  • the second STA is configured to listen to the allocated channel within a set time, and maintain one or more of the parameter vector sets for indicating the busy state of the channel according to the monitoring result.
  • the parameter vector set includes: a reserved time period, an associated channel, and a transceiver STA address corresponding to the associated channel.
  • the first STA is further configured to perform data transmission with the second STA by using the negotiated usable channel.
  • the first STA when the data transmission is performed, is configured to: when the received radio frame is a CTS frame, use the channel indicated by the CTS frame and a corresponding time period, and perform the second STA Data transmission; or, when the received radio frame is a DTS frame, before the expiration of the time period of the channel that cannot be used in the allocated channel indicated by the DTS frame, using the DTS frame indicated by the self-available channel Other channels outside the channel that cannot be used in the assigned channel, Performing data transmission with the second STA; and after expiration of a time period of a channel that cannot be used in the allocated channel indicated by the DTS frame, using a channel including an unusable channel indicated by the DTS frame, and The second STA performs data transmission.
  • the DTS frame includes a channel that cannot be used in the allocated channel and corresponding time period information.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer storage medium, the computer storage medium comprising a set of instructions, when executed, causing at least one processor to perform the method of selecting a channel in the WLAN as described above.
  • the method and system for selecting a channel in a WLAN when data transmission is required, the transmitting STA and the receiving STA negotiate a valid channel according to one or more parameter vector sets for indicating the busy state of the channel, and thus , can effectively use channel resources.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a hidden STA
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of channel reservation using an RTS frame/CTS frame
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for selecting a channel in a WLAN according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a channel used in communication in various countries according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a specific channel allocated in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of data transmission between STA 1 and STA 2 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for selecting a channel in a WLAN according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • transmitting a STA and receiving a STA when data transmission is required The available channels are negotiated according to one or more parameter vector sets for maintaining the busy state of the channel.
  • Step 301 When data transmission needs to be performed, the sending STA and the receiving STA maintain one or more parameters for indicating the busy state of the channel according to the self maintenance.
  • a vector set, a channel that can be used is negotiated; where the transmitting STA refers to a STA that transmits data; and the receiving STA refers to a STA that receives data;
  • the transmitting STA determines, according to the one or more parameter vector sets for indicating the busy state of the channel, the channel that can be used by the transmitting STA;
  • the receiving STA includes, according to the one or more parameter vector sets for indicating the busy state of the channel and the received radio frame, the transmitting STA, including the channel for the current data transmission and the corresponding time period information, to the sending STA. Wireless frame.
  • the radio frame sent by the sending STA may be an RTS frame, and correspondingly, the radio frame sent by the receiving STA is a CTS frame or a DTS frame.
  • the DTS frame includes a channel that cannot be used in the allocated channel and corresponding time period information; in other words, the transmitting STA may include the allocated according to the DTS frame.
  • the channel that cannot be used in the channel and the corresponding time period information directly derive the channel and corresponding time period that can be used for the current data transmission.
  • the parameter vector set includes: a reserved time period, an associated channel, and a transceiver STA address corresponding to the associated channel; where, if the parameter vector set is NAV, The appointment time period is represented by the value of the NAV timer.
  • the associated channel refers to: the virtual carrier detection result is a channel with a busy channel before the subscription time period expires.
  • the unusable channel and the corresponding time period information included in the allocated channel included in the DTS frame are taken from the one or more parameter vector sets for indicating the busy state of the channel maintained by the receiving STA, specifically, the allocated channel
  • the channel information that cannot be used is taken from the associated channel, and the corresponding time period information is taken from the remaining value of the reserved time period.
  • the channel information and/or the corresponding time period information in the RTS frame, the CTS frame, and the DTS frame may be explicitly carried in the RTS frame, the BMG CTS frame, and the physical of the DTS frame.
  • the signaling domain or the service domain in the layer header may be explicitly carried in the RTS frame, the CTS frame, and the MAC layer header of the DTS frame.
  • channel information in the radio frame may be implicitly determined by a channel used for transmitting the radio frame.
  • the method may further include:
  • the transmitting STA and the receiving STA monitor the allocated channel within a set time, and maintain the one or more parameter vector sets for indicating the busy state of the channel according to the monitoring result.
  • Step 302 The sending STA performs data transmission with the receiving STA by using the negotiated available channel.
  • the sending STA performs data transmission with the receiving STA by using the channel indicated by the CTS frame and a corresponding time period.
  • the DTS frame includes a channel that cannot be used in the allocated channel and corresponding time period information; when the received radio frame is a DTS frame, before the time period of the channel that cannot be used in the allocated channel indicated by the DTS frame expires, The transmitting STA performs data with the receiving STA by using other channels in the available channel other than the channel that cannot be used in the allocated channel indicated by the DTS frame.
  • the transmitting STA uses the negotiated available channel to perform data transmission with the receiving STA, so that the communication STA can fully utilize the channel resources and avoid interference, thereby improving the throughput of the system.
  • the method may further comprise:
  • the sending STA and the receiving STA according to the one or more parameter vector set for indicating the busy state of the channel are maintained by the receiving STA. , renegotiate the available channels.
  • STA 3 and STA 4 are STAs of other BSSs.
  • the channel used by the assigned SP is: 2.16 GHz with a center frequency of 60.5, that is, channel 2, and the time length is 10 ms.
  • STA 1 and STA 2 detect on the allocated 2.16 GHz bandwidth, channel 2, within the minimum listening time (DMGPP Min Listening Time) before the start of the SP.
  • DMGPP Min Listening Time the minimum listening time before the start of the SP.
  • Fig. 4 China uses channel 2 and channel 3 for communication, and as shown in Fig. 5, channel 2 is divided into channel 5 and channel 6, and channel 3 is divided into channel 7 and channel 8.
  • STA 1 When neither STA 1 nor STA 2 detects any frame, at the beginning of SP, STA 1 transmits an RTS frame containing the available channel and corresponding time period information to STA 2 on the 2.16 GHz bandwidth of channel 2, where The channel is 2.16 GHz, that is, channel 2, and the corresponding time period is 10 ms; STA 2 After receiving the RTS frame, the time length of the data sent by the STA 1 and the channel to be used are acquired. Since the STA 2 does not detect any frame to update its own NAV, the STA 2 replies on the 2.16 GHz bandwidth of the channel 2.
  • the DMG CTS frame including the channel and the corresponding time period information that can be used for the current data transmission, wherein the available channel is 2.16 GHz, that is, channel 2, and the corresponding time period is 10 ms, that is, the end time of the time information indicated by STA 2 And the available channel is the same as the end time of the time information indicated by the STA 1 and the available channel. Therefore, after the STA 1 receives the DMG CTS frame, the STA 1 and the STA 2 can occupy the entire SP time for data transmission on the 2.16 GHz bandwidth of the channel 2. .
  • the value of the NAV timer is updated. It is 5ms and starts timing. Since no frame is detected, at the beginning of the SP, STA 1 transmits an RTS frame containing the available channel and corresponding time period information to STA 2 on the 2.16 GHz bandwidth of channel 2, where the available channel is 2.16 GHz, ie, the channel 2, the corresponding time period is 10 ms; after receiving the RTS frame, the STA 2 checks the local NAV state, and finds that the value of the NAV timer of the frame update sent by the STA 3 remains 3 ms, and the STA 2 is at a low 1.08 GHz channel.
  • the channel 6 transmitting a packet for the current data transmission and a DMG CTS frame corresponding to the time period information, wherein the channel and corresponding time period information available for the data transmission indicate a high 1.08 GHz in the 2.16 GHz, that is, the channel 6 is ( 10ms - the occupation time of the RTS frame - the interframe space - the occupation time of the DMG CTS frame is transmitted. As shown in FIG.
  • STA 1 and STA 2 are in the present
  • the channel used for the secondary data transmission and the channel and the time indicated by the corresponding time period information are used for data transmission; or, after receiving the RTS frame, the STA 2 sends the allocated channel to the STA 1 Unusable channel and DMG DTS frame corresponding to time period information, wherein the channel that cannot be used in the allocated channel and the corresponding time period information indicate the low 1.08 GHz in channel 2.16 GHz, that is, channel 5 in the next (3 ms-interframe interval)
  • the channel that cannot be used by the STA 1 and the STA 2 in the allocated channel in the DMG DTS frame and the corresponding time period after the STA 1 receives the DMG DTS frame, the STA 1 and the STA 2 are not available in the allocated channel of the DMG DTS frame.
  • the information indicates that the time period is not low.
  • the 1.08 GHz channel 5 performs data transmission, and the high 1.08 GHz channel 6 is used for data transmission.
  • STA 1 and STA 2 can use the entire channel 2 for data transmission, that is, channel 5 and Channel 6 performs data transmission. Meanwhile, after the channel that cannot be used in the allocated channel in the DMG DTS frame and the time period indicated by the corresponding time period information expires, STA 1 and STA 2 can listen to channel 2 again in the DMGPP Min Listening Time, Maintain its own NAV and re-negotiate the channel and time required to transmit data.
  • I I denotes a radio frame that STA 1 sends to STA 2
  • I I denotes a radio frame that STA 2 sends to STA 1
  • I I denotes a radio frame from other STAs.
  • STA 1 and STA 2 both detect a low 1.08 GHz bandwidth in 2.16 GHz, that is, there is a radio frame including a Duration that STA 3 transmits to STA 4 on channel 5, STA 1 and STA 2 detect that STA 3 transmits to STA.
  • the local NAV is updated according to the radio frame. Specifically, the bandwidth associated with the NAV is recorded as the lower 1.08 GHz occupied by the STA 3, that is, the channel 5, and the associated STA address is recorded as ( STA 3 address, STA 4 address;), the value of the update NAV timer is the value of Duration.
  • the STA 2 After receiving the RTS frame, the STA 2 replies to the STA 1 with the channel for the data transmission and the DMG CTS frame corresponding to the time period information on the channel 6, where
  • the channel and corresponding time period information that can be used for the data transmission indicate that the high 1.08 GHz in the 2.16 GHz, that is, the channel 6 is available (10 ms - the occupation time of the transmission RTS frame - the interframe space - the occupation time of the transmission DMG CTS frame),
  • the STA 1 and the STA 2 After the STA 1 receives the DMG CTS frame, the STA 1 and the STA 2 perform data transmission in the channel and time indicated by the current data transmission in the DMG CTS frame and the corresponding time period information, that is, in the channel.
  • Data transmission is performed on 6; or, before the value of the NAV timer of channel 5 of the frame update transmitted by STA 3 is 0, STA 1 and STA 2 perform data transmission on channel 6, and the frame transmission transmitted in STA 3 is updated. After the value of the NAV timer of channel 5 is 0, the entire channel 2 is used for data transmission.
  • the NAV is used for description.
  • the parameter vector set used may be other names.
  • other local parameters may be newly defined as needed.
  • the RTS frame, the DMG CTS frame, and the DMG DTS frame transmission method in the first embodiment are mainly described.
  • the total bandwidth transmitted is: A subset of the bandwidth that the carrier detects as idle, and a form that is repeatedly transmitted on multiple basic bandwidth units can be used.
  • the total bandwidth sent is: a subset of the bandwidth that the carrier detects as idle, and is a subset of the originating frame, ie, the bandwidth of the RTS frame, which can be used in multiple basic bandwidth units.
  • the form of repeated transmission is: a subset of the bandwidth that the carrier detects as idle, and is a subset of the originating frame, ie, the bandwidth of the RTS frame, which can be used in multiple basic bandwidth units.
  • the transmission bandwidth of the DMG DTS frame may include a bandwidth in which the carrier is detected to be busy
  • a form of repeating transmission on a plurality of basic bandwidth units may be used.
  • the basic bandwidth unit refers to the minimum supported bandwidth. For example, if a WLAN system supports a bandwidth of 4 MHz, 2 MHz, and 1 MHz, 1 MHz is a basic bandwidth unit.
  • the location and transmission method of the parameters for indicating the available bandwidth and the corresponding time length in the RTS frame, the DMG CTS frame, and the DMG DTS frame are mainly described in the first embodiment.
  • the parameters for indicating the available bandwidth and/or the corresponding length of time may be explicitly carried in the signaling domain or the service domain in the RTS frame, the DMG CTS frame, and the physical layer header of the DMG DTS frame; or
  • the parameters for indicating the available bandwidth and/or the corresponding length of time may be explicitly carried in the RTS frame, the DMG CTS frame, and the Media Access Control (MAC) layer header of the DMG DTS frame;
  • MAC Media Access Control
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for selecting a channel in a WLAN. As shown in FIG. 7, the system includes: a first STA 71 and a second STA 72;
  • the second STA 72 negotiates a channel that can be used according to one or more configurations of the self-maintenance as a parameter vector set indicating a busy state of the channel.
  • the first STA is a transmitting STA
  • the second STA is a receiving STA
  • the sending STA refers to a STA that transmits data
  • the receiving STA refers to a STA that receives data.
  • the first STA 71 is specifically configured to: determine, according to the one or more parameter vector sets for indicating the busy state of the channel, the channel that can be used by the first STA 71; Determining, before the expiration of the reserved time period included in the parameter vector set for indicating the busy state of the channel, using the determined channel that can be used by itself to the second STA 72: transmitting a radio frame including an available channel and corresponding time period information; and receiving a radio frame that is sent by the second STA 72 and includes a channel for the current data transmission and corresponding time period information;
  • the second STA 72 is configured to: after receiving the radio frame that includes the available channel and the corresponding time period information sent by the first STA 71, the one or more parameter vectors for indicating the busy state of the channel according to the self-maintained
  • the set and the received radio frame include, to the first STA 71, a channel for the current data transmission and a radio frame corresponding to the time period information.
  • the first STA 71 is further configured to perform data transmission with the second STA 72 by using the negotiated usable channel.
  • the first STA 71 when performing the data transmission, is specifically configured to: when the received radio frame is a CTS frame, use the channel indicated by the CTS frame and the corresponding time period, and the second STA 72 Performing data transmission; or, when the received radio frame is a DTS frame, before the expiration of the time period of the channel that cannot be used in the allocated channel indicated by the DTS frame, using the DTS frame indication in the self-available channel Other channels outside the channel that cannot be used in the allocated channel, perform data transmission with the second STA 72; and use after the expiration of the time period of the channel that cannot be used in the allocated channel indicated by the DTS frame And transmitting, by the second STA 72, a channel including an unusable channel indicated by the DTS frame, where the DTS frame includes a channel that cannot be used in the allocated channel and corresponding time period information.
  • the first STA 71 is further configured to monitor the allocated channel within a set time, and maintain the one or more parameter vector sets for indicating the busy state of the channel according to the monitoring result; the second STA 72, The device is configured to monitor the allocated channel within a set time, and maintain the one or more configurations of the self to be a parameter vector set indicating a busy state of the channel according to the monitoring result.
  • embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention can take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present invention may employ computer usable storage media (including but not limited to disk) in one or more of the computer usable program code embodied therein. A form of computer program product embodied on a memory and optical storage, etc.).
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

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  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种无线局域网络(WLAN)中选择信道的方法,该方法包括:需要进行数据传输时,发送站点与接收站点根据自身维护的一个以上用于配置为指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集合,协商出能使用的信道。本发明同时公开了一种WLAN中选择信道的系统。

Description

无线局域网络中选择信道的方法及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及无线局域网络( WLAN, Wireless Local Area Networks )技 术, 尤其涉及一种 WLAN中选择信道的方法及系统。 背景技术
目前, 在无线网络领域, WLAN技术快速发展。 由于对 WLAN传输速 率的需求日益增长, 电气和电子工程师协会工业规范 IEEE 802.11组为了满 足这一需求, 成立了专门任务组, 以实现高速数据速率。 WLAN的频谱除 了传统的 2.4GHz以外, 已逐步扩展到 5.8GHz频段、 1GHz以下频段, 甚 至还扩展到了 60GHz和 45GHz的毫米波频段。
WLAN系统中, 一个中心控制点以及与该中心控制点相关联的多个站 点 (STA, STAtion )组成了一个基本服务集(BSS, Basic Service Set )0 这 里, 所述中心控制点是指接入点 (AP, Access Point )或个人基本服务集控 制点 ( PCP, Personal basic service set Control Point )。
WLAN 系统中, 多个无线 STA 使用载波监听多址 /沖突避免 ( CSMA/CA, Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance )机制 共享信道。 采用 CSMA/CA机制共享信道的最大问题之一就是隐藏 STA的 问题, 具体地, 如图 1所示, STA A向 STA B发送数据, 同时 STA C也向 STA B发送数据, 由于 STA C与 STAA彼此均处于对方的覆盖范围之外, 这样, STAA和 STA C同时向 STA B发送数据时将会导致沖突。由于 STA C处于 STAA的覆盖范围之外, 因此, 从 STAA的角度来看, STA C即为 STA A的隐藏 STA。 为了解决隐藏 STA的问题, IEEE 802.11提出了虚拟 信道检测机制, 即: 在无线帧帧头中包含预约信道时间 (Duration ), 其他 收到含有 Duration的无线帧的旁听 STA会更新本地已存储的网络分配矢量 ( NAV, Network Allocation Vector ), 其中, NAV的表现形式主要为 NAV 计时器, 更新 NAV就是指更新 NAV计时器的数值, 具体地, NAV计时器 的值更新为收到的所有无线帧中的 Duration的最大值, 在该时间段内, 旁 听 STA不会发送数据, 从而避免了隐藏 STA竟争信道的问题。 NAV计时 器的值减为零后, 其他 STA才能发送数据。 举个例子来说, 图 2为采用请 求发送( RTS, Request To Send ) 帧 /清除发送( CTS, Clear To Send ) 帧进 行信道预约的示意图, 如图 2所示, 发送 STA发送携带 Duration的 RTS帧 进行信道预约,接收 STA收到所述 RTS帧后,向发送 STA响应携带 Duration 的 CTS帧进行信道预约确认, 以保证发送方能够完成帧交换。 同时, 旁听 STA收到所述 RTS帧及所述 CTS帧后, 推迟接入, 推迟接入的时间为 RTS 帧和 CTS帧中的 Duration的最大值。 另外, 如果接收 STA收到所述 RTS 则接收 STA不能发送 CTS帧以响应 RTS帧。
在 WLAN的毫米波段应用中, 采用方向性波束发送信号而不是采用全 向波束发送信号, 这种发送方式有利于空间复用, 且能将能量集中到一个 方向, 从而改善了发送 STA和接收 STA的通信质量。 但是, 采用方向性波 束发送信号后, 由于并不是所有 STA都能在这种窄波束的覆盖范围内, 所 以这种发送方式使得 CSMA/CA机制不再可靠。 这里, 所述方向性波束是 指信号覆盖范围为锥形, 所述全向波束是指信号覆盖范围为球形。 为了适 应波束发送的情况, 在采用方向性波束发送信号的 WLAN中使用中心控制 点来调度各 STA发送信号, 以在实现空间复用的同时避免干扰。 其中, 中 心控制点调度的范围包括:中心控制点与各 STA之间信号的发送、以及 STA 与 STA之间信号的发送。在传统 WLAN中, NAV计时器只有一个, 即 STA 根据收到的各无线帧中的 Duration 中的最大值来更新本地 NAV计时器的 值, 而在采用方向性波束发送信号的 WLAN中, STA可以有多个 NAV计 时器, 每个 NAV计时器由一对 STA的地址来标识, 举个例子来说, STAA 发送含有 Duration的无线帧给 STA B, STA B收到无线帧后, 向 STA A响 应含有 Duration的无线帧, STA C收到了这两个无线帧后, 判断出信道被 STA A和 STA B占用, 则 STA C根据 STA A和 STA B发送的无线帧中的 Duration的最大值更新一个 NAV计时器, 并将该 NAV计时器与 STA A和 STA B的地址进行绑定, 可以分别记为 NAV-SA和 NAV-DA。
下面举例说明现有技术中方向性多吉比特 ( DMG , Directional Multi-Gigabit )网络中的传输保护、以及设置 NAV计时器的过程。假设 STA 1和 STA 2需要占用一个传输机会( TXOP )或者服务期( SP )来进行数据 传输且需要对传输的数据进行保护, 且 STA 1是发送 STA, 传输的数据需 要占用的时间可以通过竟争获取, 也可以由中心控制点或者当前的信道持 有者分配或授权。 这里, STA可以是 AP或 PCP。 STA 1和 STA 2在 TXOP 或 SP之前的一段时间 T内监听信道, 这里, Τ的取值可以根据接入方式的 不同有所不同, 并根据监听结果设置信道的忙闲, 如果收到了其他 STA的 含有 Duration的无线帧后, 需要进行 NAV计时器的值的更新。 如果 STA 1 在 T内监听到信道空闲,则可以在 TXOP或 SP开始时发送 RTS帧给 STA 2; 如果 TXOP或 SP开始时, 信道检测为忙或 STA 1本地的任一 NAV计时器 的值不为 0, 则 STA 1不能在信道忙或 NAV计时器的值不为 0的时间段进 行无线帧传输, 即不能向 STA 2发送 RTS帧, 只有等信道不忙或 NAV计时 器的值为 0时才可以尝试接入信道。 当 STA 2收到 STA 1的 RTS帧后, 如 果 STA 2在 T内监听到信道空闲且本地的 NAV计时器的值为 0, 则 STA 2 立即发送 DMG CTS帧给 STA 1以响应所述 RTS帧;如果 STA 2本地的 NAV 计时器的值不为 0 ,则 STA 2不能回复 DMG CTS帧,但是可以回复 DMG拒 绝发送( DTS , Denial To Send )帧, 并将自身所有 NAV计时器的剩余值中 的最大剩余值和该 NAV计时器对应的正在通信的收发方地址即 NAV-SA和 NAV-DA,通过 DMG DTS帧告知给 STA 1。举个例子来说, STA 1和 STA 2 被分配了一个时间长度为 T1的 SP, 当 STA 1收到的是 STA 2的 DMG DTS 帧, 且告知在 DMG DTS帧后的 T2时间内不能发送数据后, STA 1使用 T2 更新本地 NAV计时器的值, 在这种情况下, STA 1只能使用 T1中 T2过后 所剩的时间进行数据传输。
从上面的描述中可以看出, STA在进行无线帧传输时, 本地 NAV只考 虑时间因素,即只要 NAV计时器的值不为 0,则 STA就不能进行数据传输, 但是在 WLAN毫米波的使用中, 存在多种与信道对应的带宽可供选择, 如 果沿用上述方法, 即只考虑 NAV计时器的值, 可能会造成资源的浪费。 举 个例子来说, 在上述过程中, 假设为 STA 1和 STA 2分配的带宽为某一中 心频率的 2GHz,分配的带宽占用两个信道,而设置 NAV的传输只使用 2GHz 中的低 1GHz的带宽对应的信道, 也就是说, T2时间内实际上只有 1GHz 带宽被占用, 但是 STA 1和 STA 2根据现有技术不能够进行信道选择, 即 不能占用剩余的 1GHz带宽即 2GHz 中的低 1GHz的带宽对应的信道在 T2 内进行传输, 如此, 会造成信道资源浪费。 发明内容
为解决现有存在的技术问题, 本发明实施例提供一种 WLAN中选择信 道的方法及系统。
为达到上述目的, 本发明实施例的技术方案是这样实现的:
本发明实施例提供了一种 WLAN中选择信道的方法, 该方法包括: 需要进行数据传输时,发送 STA与接收 STA根据自身维护的一个以上 用于指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集合, 协商出能使用的信道。
上述方案中,所述发送 STA与接收 STA根据自身维护的一个以上用于 指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集合, 协商出能使用的信道, 包括: 所述发送 STA根据自身维护的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的 参数向量集合, 从分配的信道中确定自身能使用的信道;
所述发送 STA在自身维护的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的参 数向量集合包含的预约时间期到期之前, 使用确定的自身能使用的信道向 所述接收 STA发送包含可用信道及对应时间期信息的无线帧;
所述接收 STA根据自身维护的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的 参数向量集合及收到的无线帧, 向所述发送 STA包含本次数据传输能用的 信道及对应时间期信息的无线帧。
上述方案中, 所述发送 STA发送的无线帧为 RTS帧; 相应的, 所述接 收 STA发送的无线帧为 CTS帧或 DTS帧。
上述方案中, 所述 RTS帧、 所述 CTS帧、 以及所述 DTS帧中的信道 信息和 /或对应时间期信息显式的携带在所述 RTS帧、所述 CTS帧、以及所 述 DTS帧的物理层帧头中的信令域或服务域中; 或者,
所述 RTS帧、 所述 CTS帧、 以及所述 DTS帧中的信道信息和 /或对应 时间期信息显式的携带在所述 RTS帧、 所述 CTS帧、 以及所述 DTS帧的 媒体接入控制 ( MAC, Media Access Control )层帧头中。
上述方案中,当所述发送 STA发送的无线帧为 RTS帧、所述接收 STA 发送的无线帧为 CTS帧时, 无线帧中的信道信息隐式的由发送无线帧所使 用的信道决定。
上述方案中, 所述需要进行数据传输之前, 该方法还包括:
所述发送 STA和所述接收 STA在设定时间内监听分配的信道, 并根据 监听结果维护自身的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集 合。
上述方案中, 所述参数向量集合包括: 预约时间期、 关联的信道、 以 及所述关联的信道对应的收发方 STA地址。 上述方案中, 该方法还包括:
所述发送 STA采用协商出的能使用的信道与所述接收 STA进行数据传 输。
上述方案中, 所述发送 STA 采用协商出的能使用的信道与所述接收 STA进行数据传输, 包括:
当收到的无线帧为 CTS帧时, 所述发送 STA使用所述 CTS帧指示的 信道及对应时间期, 与所述接收 STA进行数据传输; 或者,
当收到的无线帧为 DTS帧时,在所述 DTS帧指示的分配的信道中不能 使用的信道的时间期到期之前, 所述发送 STA使用自身可用信道中除所述 DTS 帧指示的分配的信道中不能使用的信道外的其它信道, 与所述接收 STA进行数据传输;
在所述 DTS帧指示的分配的信道中不能使用的信道的时间期到期后, 所述发送 STA使用包括所述 DTS帧指示的不能使用的信道的信道,与所述 接收 STA进行数据传输;
其中, 所述 DTS帧包含分配的信道中不能使用的信道及对应时间期信 上述方案中, 该方法还包括:
所述 DTS帧指示的分配的信道中不能使用的信道的时间期到期后, 所 述发送 STA与所述接收 STA根据自身维护的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙 闲状态的参数向量集合, 重新协商出能使用的信道。
本发明实施例还提供了一种 WLAN中选择信道的系统, 该系统包括: 第一 STA及第二 STA; 其中,
第一 STA, 配置为需要进行数据传输时, 与第二 STA根据自身维护的 一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集合, 协商出能使用的信道。
上述方案中, 所述第一 STA, 配置为: 根据自身维护的所述一个以上 用于指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集合, 从分配的信道中确定自身能使用 的信道; 在自身维护的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集 合包含的预约时间期到期前, 使用确定的自身能使用的信道向所述第二
STA发送包含可用信道及对应时间期信息的无线帧; 并接收所述第二 STA 发送的包含本次数据传输能用的信道及对应时间期信息的无线帧;
所述第二 STA, 配置为收到所述第一 STA发送的包含可用信道及对应 时间期信息的无线帧后, 根据自身维护的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲 状态的参数向量集合及收到的无线帧, 向所述第一 STA包含本次数据传输 能用的信道及对应时间期信息的无线帧。
上述方案中, 所述第一 STA发送的无线帧为 RTS帧; 相应的, 所述第 二 STA发送的无线帧为 CTS帧或 DTS帧。
上述方案中, 所述第一 STA, 还配置为在设定时间内监听分配的信道, 并根据监听结果维护自身的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的参数向 量集合;
所述第二 STA, 配置为在设定时间内监听分配的信道, 并根据监听结 果维护自身的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集合。
上述方案中, 所述参数向量集合包括: 预约时间期、 关联的信道、 以 及所述关联的信道对应的收发方 STA地址。
上述方案中, 所述第一 STA, 还配置为采用协商出的能使用的信道与 所述第二 STA进行数据传输。
上述方案中, 在进行数据传输时, 所述第一 STA, 配置为: 当收到的 无线帧为 CTS帧时, 使用所述 CTS帧指示的信道及对应时间期, 与所述第 二 STA进行数据传输; 或者, 当收到的无线帧为 DTS帧时, 在所述 DTS 帧指示的分配的信道中不能使用的信道的时间期到期之前, 使用自身可用 信道中除所述 DTS帧指示的分配的信道中不能使用的信道外的其它信道, 与所述第二 STA进行数据传输;并在在所述 DTS帧指示的分配的信道中不 能使用的信道的时间期到期后, 使用包括所述 DTS帧指示的不能使用的信 道的信道, 与所述第二 STA进行数据传输; 其中, 所述 DTS帧包含分配的 信道中不能使用的信道及对应时间期信息。
本发明实施例又提供了一种计算机存储介质, 所述计算机存储介质包 括一组指令, 当执行所述指令时, 引起至少一个处理器执行所述如上述的 WLAN中选择信道的方法。
本发明提供的 WLAN中选择信道的方法及系统,需要进行数据传输时, 发送 STA与接收 STA根据自身维护的一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的参 数向量集合, 协商出能使用的信道, 如此, 能有效地利用信道资源。 附图说明
在附图 (其不一定是按比例绘制的) 中, 相似的附图标记可在不同的 视图中描述相似的部件。 具有不同字母后缀的相似附图标记可表示相似部 件的不同示例。 附图以示例而非限制的方式大体示出了本文中所讨论的各 个实施例。
图 1为隐藏 STA示意图;
图 2为采用 RTS帧 / CTS帧进行信道预约的示意图;
图 3为本发明实施例 WLAN中选择信道的方法流程示意图;
图 4为本发明实施例一中各国通信采用的信道示意图;
图 5为本发明实施例一中分配的具体信道示意图;
图 6为本发明实施例一中 STA 1与 STA 2进行数据传输的示意图; 图 7为本发明实施例 WLAN中选择信道的系统结构示意图。 具体实施方式
在本发明的各种实施例中:需要进行数据传输时,发送 STA与接收 STA 根据自身维护的一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集合, 协商出 能使用的信道。
下面结合附图及具体实施例对本发明再作进一步详细的说明。
本发明实施例 WLAN中选择信道的方法,如图 3所示, 包括以下步驟: 步驟 301 : 需要进行数据传输时, 发送 STA与接收 STA根据自身维护 的一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集合, 协商出能使用的信道; 这里, 所述发送 STA是指发送数据的 STA; 所述接收 STA是指接收数 据的 STA;
这里, 本步驟的具体实现包括:
所述发送 STA根据自身维护的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的 参数向量集合, 从分配的信道中确定自身能使用的信道;
所述发送 STA在自身维护的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的参 数向量集合包含的预约时间期到期之前, 使用确定的自身能使用的信道向 所述接收 STA发送包含可用信道及对应时间期信息的无线帧;
所述接收 STA根据自身维护的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的 参数向量集合及收到的无线帧, 向所述发送 STA包含本次数据传输能用的 信道及对应时间期信息的无线帧。
其中, 所述发送 STA发送的无线帧可以为 RTS帧, 相应的, 所述接收 STA发送的无线帧为 CTS帧或 DTS帧。 这里, 当所述接收 STA发送的无 线帧为 DTS帧时,所述 DTS帧包含分配的信道中不能使用的信道及对应时 间期信息; 换句话说, 所述发送 STA可以根据 DTS帧包含分配的信道中不 能使用的信道及对应时间期信息直接得出本次数据传输能用的信道及对应 时间期。
所述参数向量集合包括: 预约时间期、 关联的信道、 以及所述关联的 信道对应的收发方 STA地址; 这里, 如果所述参数向量集合为 NAV时, 所 述预约时间期采用 NAV计时器的值来体现。 所述关联的信道是指: 在预约 时间期到期前, 虚拟载波检测结果为信道忙的信道。 所述 DTS帧包含的分 配的信道中不能使用的信道及对应时间期信息取自所述接收 STA维护的所 述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集合, 具体地, 分配的信道 中不能使用的信道信息取自关联的信道, 对应时间期信息取自所述预约时 间期的剩余值。
这里, 所述 RTS帧、 所述 CTS帧、 以及 DTS帧中的信道信息和 /或对 应时间期信息可以显式的携带在所述 RTS帧、 所述 BMG CTS帧、 以及所 述 DTS帧的物理层帧头中的信令域或服务域中; 或者, 可以显式的携带在 所述 RTS帧、 所述 CTS帧、 以及所述 DTS帧的 MAC层帧头中。
当所述发送 STA发送的无线帧为 RTS帧、所述接收 STA发送的无线帧 为 CTS帧时, 无线帧中的信道信息可以隐式的由发送无线帧所使用的信道 决定。
在步驟 301之前, 该方法还可以进一步包括:
所述发送 STA和所述接收 STA在设定时间内监听分配的信道,并根据 监听结果维护自身的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集 合。
步驟 302: 所述发送 STA采用协商出的能使用的信道与所述接收 STA 进行数据传输。
具体地, 当收到的无线帧为 CTS帧时, 所述发送 STA使用所述 CTS 帧指示的信道及对应时间期, 与所述接收 STA进行数据传输。
DTS 帧包含分配的信道中不能使用的信道及对应时间期信息; 当收到 的无线帧为 DTS帧时,在所述 DTS帧指示的分配的信道中不能使用的信道 的时间期到期之前,所述发送 STA使用自身可用信道中除所述 DTS帧指示 的分配的信道中不能使用的信道外的其它信道, 与所述接收 STA进行数据 传输;
在所述 DTS帧指示的分配的信道中不能使用的信道的时间期到期后, 所述发送 STA使用包括所述 DTS帧指示的不能使用的信道的信道,与所述 接收 STA进行数据传输。
这里 ,发送 STA采用协商出的能使用的信道与接收 STA进行数据传输, 如此, 通信 STA之间能够充分利用信道资源并避免干扰, 从而提高了系统 的吞吐量。
该方法还可以进一步包括:
在所述 DTS帧指示的分配的信道中不能使用的信道的时间期到期后, 所述发送 STA与所述接收 STA根据自身维护的所述一个以上用于指示信道 忙闲状态的参数向量集合, 重新协商出能使用的信道。
下面结合实施例对本发明再作进一步详细的描述。
实施例一
本实施例的应用场景为: 在 DMG 网络的一个 BSS中, PCP或 AP为 STA 1和 STA 2分配一个 SP以进行数据传输, 且指示了 SP的开始时刻、 时间长度以及所使用的信道。其中, STA 1为发送 STA, STA 2为接收 STA;
STA 3和 STA 4为其他 BSS的 STA。 这里, 如图 4所示, 假设分配的 SP所 使用的信道为: 中心频率 60.5的 2.16GHz, 即信道 2, 时间长度为 10ms,
STA 1和 STA 2在 SP开始前的最小监听时间( DMGPP Min Listening Time ) 内在分配的 2.16GHz的带宽即信道 2上进行检测。 其中, 如图 4所示, 中 国采用信道 2和信道 3进行通信, 而如图 5所示,信道 2又被分成了信道 5 和信道 6, 信道 3又被分成信道 7和信道 8。
当 STA 1和 STA 2均未检测到任何帧时, 则在 SP开始时, STA 1在信 道 2的 2.16GHz的带宽上发送包含可用信道及对应时间期信息的 RTS帧给 STA 2, 其中, 可用信道为 2.16GHz, 即信道 2, 对应时间期为 10ms; STA 2 收到所述 RTS帧后, 获取到 STA 1发送数据的时间长度及要使用的信道, 由于 STA 2未检测到任何帧来更新自身的 NAV, 因此, STA 2在信道 2的 2.16GHz 带宽上回复包含本次数据传输能用的信道及对应时间期信息的 DMG CTS帧, 其中,可用信道为 2.16GHz, 即信道 2,对应时间期为 10ms, 也就是说, STA 2指示的时间信息的结束时刻及可用信道与 STA 1指示的时 间信息的结束时刻及可用信道相同,因此, STA 1收到 DMG CTS帧后, STA 1和 STA 2可以在信道 2的 2.16GHz带宽上占用整个 SP时间进行数据传输。
当 STA 1未检测到任何帧, 且 STA 2在 2.16GHz中的低 1.08GHz带宽 即信道 5上检测到有 STA 3发送给 STA 4的包含 Duration的无线帧时, STA 2检测到 STA 3发送给 STA 4的包含 Duration的无线帧后,根据所述无线帧 更新本地的 NAV, 具体地, 将该 NAV 关联的信道记为 STA 3 占用的低 1.08GHz, 即信道 5, 关联的信道对应的收发方 STA地址记为( STA 3地址, STA 4地址;), 更新 NAV计时器的值为 Duration的值, 这里, 假设 STA 3 发送给 STA 4的无线帧中 Duration为 5ms,则更新 NAV计时器的值为 5ms, 并开始计时。 由于未检测到任何帧, 因此在 SP开始时, STA 1在信道 2的 2.16GHz的带宽上发送包含可用信道及对应时间期信息的 RTS帧给 STA 2, 其中, 可用信道为 2.16GHz, 即信道 2, 对应时间期为 10ms; STA 2收到所 述 RTS帧后, 检查本地的 NAV状态, 发现 STA 3发送的帧更新的 NAV计 时器的值还剩余 3ms, 则 STA 2在低 1.08GHz即信道 6上发送包本次数据 传输能用的信道及对应时间期信息的 DMG CTS帧, 其中, 本次数据传输 能用的信道及对应时间期信息指示 2.16GHz 中的高 1.08GHz 即信道 6在 ( 10ms-发送 RTS帧的占用时间 -帧间间隔 -发送 DMG CTS帧的占用时间 ) 内可用, 如图 6所示, STA 1收到所述 DMG CTS帧后, STA 1和 STA 2在 所述本次数据传输能用的信道及对应时间期信息指示的信道和时间内进行 数据传输; 或者, STA 2收到所述 RTS帧后, 向 STA 1发送分配的信道中 不能使用的信道及对应时间期信息的 DMG DTS帧, 其中, 分配的信道中 不能使用的信道及对应时间期信息指示 2.16GHz中的低 1.08GHz即信道 5 在接下来的( 3ms-帧间间隔 -发送 DMG DTS帧的占用时间)时间内不可用, STA 1收到所述 DMG DTS帧后, STA 1和 STA 2在所述 DMG DTS帧中的 分配的信道中不能使用的信道及对应时间期信息指示的时间期内不使用低
1.08GHz即信道 5进行数据传输, 而使用高 1.08GHz即信道 6进行数据传 输。 在所述 DMG DTS帧中的分配的信道中不能使用的信道及对应时间期 信息指示的时间期到期后, STA 1和 STA 2可以使用整个信道 2进行数据传 输, 即: 可以使用信道 5和信道 6进行数据传输。 同时, 在所述 DMG DTS 帧中的分配的信道中不能使用的信道及对应时间期信息指示的时间期到期 后 , STA 1和 STA 2可以通过再次在 DMGPP Min Listening Time内监听信 道 2, 以维护自身的 NAV并重新进行传输数据所需的信道和时间的协商; 其中, 协商的时间不能超出分配的 SP, 即不能超出 10ms, 带宽最大可以到 分配的信道 2的 2.16GHz。 其中, 在图 6中, I I表示 STA 1发送给 STA 2 的无线帧, I I表示 STA 2发送给 STA 1的无线帧, I I表示来自其它 STA的无线帧。
当 STA 1、 STA 2均检测到在 2.16GHz中的低 1.08GHz带宽即信道 5 上有 STA 3发送给 STA 4的包含 Duration的无线帧时, 则 STA 1和 STA 2 检测到 STA 3发送给 STA 4的包含 Duration的无线帧后, 均根据所述无线 帧更新本地的 NAV, 具体地, 将该 NAV关联的带宽记为 STA 3 占用的低 1.08GHz, 即信道 5, 关联 STA地址记为 ( STA 3地址, STA 4地址;), 更新 NAV计时器的值为 Duration的值, 这里, 假设 STA 3发送给 STA 4的无线 帧中 Duration为 5ms, 则更新 NAV计时器的值为 5ms, 并开始计时。 由于 在信道 5上检测到无线帧, 因此在 SP开始时, STA 1在信道 6上发送包含 可用信道及对应时间期信息的 RTS 帧给 STA 2 , 其中, 可用信道为低 1.08GHz即信道 6, 对应时间期为 10ms; STA 2收到所述 RTS帧后, 在信 道 6上向 STA 1 回复本次数据传输能用的信道及对应时间期信息的 DMG CTS 帧, 其中, 本次数据传输能用的信道及对应时间期信息指示 2.16GHz 中的高 1.08GHz即信道 6在( 10ms-发送 RTS帧的占用时间 -帧间间隔 -发送 DMG CTS帧的占用时间)内可用, STA 1收到所述 DMG CTS帧后, STA 1 和 STA 2在所述 DMG CTS帧中的本次数据传输能用的信道及对应时间期 信息指示的信道和时间内进行数据传输, 即在信道 6上进行数据传输; 或 者, 在 STA 3发送的帧更新的信道 5的 NAV计时器的值为 0之前, STA 1 和 STA 2在信道 6上进行数据传输, 而在 STA 3发送的帧更新的信道 5的 NAV计时器的值为 0后, 使用整个信道 2进行数据传输。
这里, 需要说明的是: 本实施例中采用 NAV进行描述,在实际应用时, 所采用的参数向量集合可以是其它名称, 换句话说, 在实际应用时, 也可 以根据需要新定义其他本地参数向量集合而不使用 NAV。
实施例二
在本实施例中, 主要说明实施例一中的 RTS帧、 DMG CTS帧、 以及 DMG DTS帧的发送方法。
当 RTS帧及 DMG CTS帧作为首个发起帧发送时, 发送的总带宽为: 载波检测为闲的带宽的子集, 可以使用在多个基本带宽单位上重复发送的 形式。
当 DMG CTS帧及 DMG DTS帧作为响应帧发送时, 发送的总带宽为: 载波检测为闲的带宽的子集, 且为发起帧即 RTS帧带宽的子集, 可以使用 在多个基本带宽单位上重复发送的形式。
当 DMG DTS帧的发送带宽可以包括载波检测为忙的带宽时, 可以使 用在多个基本带宽单位上重复发送的形式。 其中, 所述基本带宽单位是指支持的最小带宽, 举个例子来说, 假设 一个 WLAN系统支持 4MHz、 2MHz、 1MHz的带宽, 则 1MHz则为一个基 本带宽单位。
实施例三
在本实施例中, 主要说明实施例一中用于指示可用带宽及对应时间长 度的参数在 RTS帧、 DMG CTS帧、 以及 DMG DTS帧中的位置及发送方 法。
用于指示可用带宽和 /或对应时间长度的参数可以显式的携带在 RTS 帧、 DMG CTS帧、以及 DMG DTS帧的物理层帧头中的信令域或服务域中; 或者,
用于指示可用带宽和 /或对应时间长度的参数可以显式的携带在 RTS 帧、 DMG CTS帧、 以及 DMG DTS帧的媒体接入控制( MAC, Media Access Control )层帧头中;
所述用于指示可用带宽的参数可以隐式的由无线帧的发送带宽决定。 为实现上述方法, 本发明实施例还提供了一种 WLAN中选择信道的系 统, 如图 7所示, 该系统包括: 第一 STA 71及第二 STA 72; 其中,
第一 STA 71 , 配置为需要进行数据传输时, 与第二 STA 72根据自身维 护的一个以上配置为指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集合, 协商出能使用的 信道。
这里, 所述第一 STA为发送 STA, 所述第二 STA为接收 STA; 其中, 所述发送 STA是指发送数据的 STA; 所述接收 STA是指接收数据的 STA。
其中, 所述第一 STA 71 , 具体配置为: 根据自身维护的所述一个以上 用于指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集合, 从分配的信道中确定自身能使用 的信道; 在自身维护的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集 合包含的预约时间期到期前,使用确定的自身能使用的信道向所述第二 STA 72发送包含可用信道及对应时间期信息的无线帧; 并接收所述第二 STA 72 发送的包含本次数据传输能用的信道及对应时间期信息的无线帧;
所述第二 STA 72,配置为收到所述第一 STA 71发送的包含可用信道及 对应时间期信息的无线帧后, 根据自身维护的所述一个以上用于指示信道 忙闲状态的参数向量集合及收到的无线帧, 向所述第一 STA 71包含本次数 据传输能用的信道及对应时间期信息的无线帧。
所述第一 STA 71 , 还配置为采用协商出的能使用的信道与所述第二 STA 72进行数据传输。
这里, 在进行数据传输时, 所述第一 STA 71 , 具体配置为: 当收到的 无线帧为 CTS帧时, 使用所述 CTS帧指示的信道及对应时间期, 与所述第 二 STA 72进行数据传输; 或者, 当收到的无线帧为 DTS帧时,在所述 DTS 帧指示的分配的信道中不能使用的信道的时间期到期之前, 使用自身可用 信道中除所述 DTS帧指示的分配的信道中不能使用的信道外的其它信道, 与所述第二 STA 72进行数据传输;并在在所述 DTS帧指示的分配的信道中 不能使用的信道的时间期到期后, 使用包括所述 DTS帧指示的不能使用的 信道的信道, 与所述第二 STA 72进行数据传输; 其中, 所述 DTS帧包含分 配的信道中不能使用的信道及对应时间期信息。
所述第一 STA 71 , 还配置为在设定时间内监听分配的信道, 并根据监 听结果维护自身的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集合; 所述第二 STA 72, 配置为在设定时间内监听分配的信道, 并根据监听 结果维护自身的所述一个以上配置为指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集合。
本领域内的技术人员应明白, 本发明的实施例可提供为方法、 系统、 或计算机程序产品。 因此, 本发明可采用硬件实施例、 软件实施例、 或结 合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。 而且, 本发明可采用在一个或多个其 中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质 (包括但不限于磁盘 存储器和光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、 设备(系统)、 和计算机程序 产品的流程图和 /或方框图来描述的。 应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程 图和 /或方框图中的每一流程和 /或方框、以及流程图和 /或方框图中的流程和 /或方框的结合。 可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、 专用计算机、 通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现 在流程图一个流程或多个流程和 /或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功 能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理 设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中, 使得存储在该计算机可读存 储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品, 该指令装置实现在流程图一个 流程或多个流程和 /或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备 上, 使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步驟以产生计算机 实现的处理, 从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现 在流程图一个流程或多个流程和 /或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功 能的步驟。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并非用于限定本发明的保 护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种无线局域网络 WLAN中选择信道的方法, 该方法包括: 需要进行数据传输时, 发送站点与接收站点根据自身维护的一个以上 用于指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集合, 协商出能使用的信道。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 所述发送站点与接收站点根据 自身维护的一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集合, 协商出能使 用的信道, 包括:
所述发送站点根据自身维护的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的 参数向量集合, 从分配的信道中确定自身能使用的信道;
所述发送站点在自身维护的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的参 数向量集合包含的预约时间期到期之前, 使用确定的自身能使用的信道向 所述接收站点发送包含可用信道及对应时间期信息的无线帧;
所述接收站点根据自身维护的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的 参数向量集合及收到的无线帧, 向所述发送站点包含本次数据传输能用的 信道及对应时间期信息的无线帧。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的方法, 其中, 所述发送站点发送的无线帧为 请求发送帧; 相应的, 所述接收站点发送的无线帧为清除发送帧或拒绝发 送帧。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其中,
所述请求发送帧、 所述清除发送帧、 以及所述拒绝发送帧中的信道信 息和 /或对应时间期信息显式的携带在所述请求发送帧、 所述清除发送帧、 以及所述拒绝发送帧的物理层帧头中的信令域或服务域中; 或者,
所述请求发送帧、 所述清除发送帧、 以及所述拒绝发送帧中的信道信 息和 /或对应时间期信息显式的携带在所述请求发送帧、 所述清除发送帧、 以及所述拒绝发送帧的媒体接入控制 MAC层帧头中。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其中, 当所述发送站点发送的无 线帧为请求发送帧、 所述接收站点发送的无线帧为清除发送帧时, 无线帧 中的信道信息隐式的由发送无线帧所使用的信道决定。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 所述需要进行数据传输之前, 该方法还包括:
所述发送站点和所述接收站点在设定时间内监听分配的信道, 并根据 监听结果维护自身的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集 合。
7、 根据权利要求 1至 6任一项所述的方法, 其中, 所述参数向量集合 包括: 预约时间期、 关联的信道、 以及所述关联的信道对应的收发方站点 地址。
8、 根据权利要求 1至 6任一项所述的方法, 其中, 该方法还包括: 所述发送站点采用协商出的能使用的信道与所述接收站点进行数据传 输。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的方法, 其中, 所述发送站点采用协商出的能 使用的信道与所述接收站点进行数据传输, 包括:
当收到的无线帧为清除发送帧时, 所述发送站点使用所述清除发送帧 指示的信道及对应时间期, 与所述接收站点进行数据传输; 或者,
当收到的无线帧为拒绝发送帧时, 在所述拒绝发送帧指示的分配的信 道中不能使用的信道的时间期到期之前, 所述发送站点使用自身可用信道 中除所述拒绝发送帧指示的分配的信道中不能使用的信道外的其它信道, 与所述接收站点进行数据传输;
在所述拒绝发送帧指示的分配的信道中不能使用的信道的时间期到期 后, 所述发送站点使用包括所述拒绝发送帧指示的不能使用的信道的信道, 与所述接收站点进行数据传输; 其中, 所述拒绝发送帧包含分配的信道中不能使用的信道及对应时间 期信息。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的方法, 其中, 该方法还包括:
所述拒绝发送帧指示的分配的信道中不能使用的信道的时间期到期 后, 所述发送站点与所述接收站点根据自身维护的所述一个以上用于指示 信道忙闲状态的参数向量集合, 重新协商出能使用的信道。
11、 一种 WLAN中选择信道的系统, 该系统包括: 第一站点及第二站 点; 其中,
第一站点, 配置为需要进行数据传输时, 与第二站点根据自身维护的 一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集合, 协商出能使用的信道。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的系统, 其中,
所述第一站点, 配置为: 根据自身维护的所述一个以上用于指示信道 忙闲状态的参数向量集合, 从分配的信道中确定自身能使用的信道; 在自 身维护的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集合包含的预约 时间期到期前, 使用确定的自身能使用的信道向所述第二站点发送包含可 用信道及对应时间期信息的无线帧; 并接收所述第二站点发送的包含本次 数据传输能用的信道及对应时间期信息的无线帧;
所述第二站点, 配置为收到所述第一站点发送的包含可用信道及对应 时间期信息的无线帧后, 根据自身维护的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲 状态的参数向量集合及收到的无线帧, 向所述第一站点包含本次数据传输 能用的信道及对应时间期信息的无线帧。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的系统, 其中, 所述第一站点发送的无线帧 为请求发送帧; 相应的, 所述第二站点发送的无线帧为清除发送帧或拒绝 发送帧。
14、 根据权利要求 11所述的系统, 其中, 所述第一站点, 还配置为在 设定时间内监听分配的信道, 并根据监听结果维护自身的所述一个以上用 于指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集合;
所述第二站点, 配置为在设定时间内监听分配的信道, 并根据监听结 果维护自身的所述一个以上用于指示信道忙闲状态的参数向量集合。
15、 根据权利要求 11至 14任一项所述的系统, 其中, 所述参数向量 集合包括: 预约时间期、 关联的信道、 以及所述关联的信道对应的收发方 站点地址。
16、 根据权利要求 11至 14任一项所述的系统, 其中, 所述第一站点, 还配置为采用协商出的能使用的信道与所述第二站点进行数据传输。
17、 根据权利要求 16所述的系统, 其中, 在进行数据传输时, 所述第 一站点, 配置为: 当收到的无线帧为清除发送帧时, 使用所述清除发送帧 指示的信道及对应时间期, 与所述第二站点进行数据传输; 或者, 当收到 的无线帧为拒绝发送帧时, 在所述拒绝发送帧指示的分配的信道中不能使 用的信道的时间期到期之前, 使用自身可用信道中除所述拒绝发送帧指示 的分配的信道中不能使用的信道外的其它信道, 与所述第二站点进行数据 传输; 并在在所述拒绝发送帧指示的分配的信道中不能使用的信道的时间 期到期后, 使用包括所述拒绝发送帧指示的不能使用的信道的信道, 与所 述第二站点进行数据传输; 其中, 所述拒绝发送帧包含分配的信道中不能 使用的信道及对应时间期信息。
18、 一种计算机存储介质, 所述计算机存储介质包括一组指令, 当执 行所述指令时, 引起至少一个处理器执行所述如权利要求 1至 10任一项所 述的 WLAN中选择信道的方法。
PCT/CN2013/089833 2013-03-22 2013-12-18 无线局域网络中选择信道的方法及系统 WO2014146465A1 (zh)

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