WO2014134858A1 - 开关的联动复合刹车结构、开关和电动工具 - Google Patents

开关的联动复合刹车结构、开关和电动工具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014134858A1
WO2014134858A1 PCT/CN2013/074148 CN2013074148W WO2014134858A1 WO 2014134858 A1 WO2014134858 A1 WO 2014134858A1 CN 2013074148 W CN2013074148 W CN 2013074148W WO 2014134858 A1 WO2014134858 A1 WO 2014134858A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switch
brake structure
movable contact
moving
moving contact
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/074148
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蔡颖杰
Original Assignee
上海拜骋电器有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 上海拜骋电器有限公司 filed Critical 上海拜骋电器有限公司
Publication of WO2014134858A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014134858A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00Contacts
    • H01H1/12Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20Bridging contacts
    • H01H1/2025Bridging contacts comprising two-parallel bridges
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00Contacts
    • H01H1/12Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/24Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with resilient mounting
    • H01H1/26Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with resilient mounting with spring blade support
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/40Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of switchgear, and more particularly to a linked composite brake structure of a switch, a switch, and a power tool.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION At present, the brake structure in a power tool is mainly divided into two categories: electronic brake and mechanical brake. Because electronic brakes have the disadvantages of high cost, high requirements on circuit systems, and easy instability, they are rarely used, and conventional mechanical brakes are widely used in switches.
  • the mechanical brakes in the prior art are divided into the following structures: Push contact type, side contact type, and rocker contact type.
  • the braking structure in the prior art is a single-contact contact brake, that is, in the process of braking, one brake moving contact is in contact with a brake static contact, thereby shorting the two input ends of the motor, thereby implementing braking .
  • the requirements for braking performance of power tools are becoming higher and higher, and the phenomenon of ignition of the brake structure at the moment when the contacts are closed is becoming more and more serious.
  • the brake structure in the prior art is a single-contact contact brake, the ignition phenomenon during braking causes the brake moving contact and the brake static contact to be seriously worn, thereby shortening the service life of the brake structure.
  • a linkage composite brake structure for a switch including: a plurality of dynamic contact bridges, which are arranged in parallel and spaced apart in sequence; an elastic metal piece, a plurality of The movable contact bridge is connected by an elastic metal piece; the plurality of moving contacts, the plurality of moving contacts comprise a plurality of brake moving contacts and a plurality of running moving contacts, and the first end of each movable contact bridge is provided with a brake moving contact a second end of each movable bridge is provided with a running moving contact; a plurality of static contacts, the plurality of static contacts comprising a plurality of brake static contacts disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of brake moving contacts And a plurality of dynamic contact bridges, which are arranged in parallel and spaced apart in sequence; an elastic metal piece, a plurality of The movable contact bridge is connected by an elastic metal piece; the plurality of moving contacts, the plurality of moving contacts comprise a plurality of brake moving contacts and a plurality of running moving contacts, and the first
  • the elastic metal piece comprises a plurality of linkage pieces arranged side by side in the same plane and a connection piece for connecting the plurality of linkage pieces; the first ends of the linkage pieces are respectively connected to the second ends of the movable contact bridges. Further, the first end of each of the interlocking pieces is provided with a connecting hole, and the moving contact is passed through the connecting hole of the elastic metal piece and riveted to the second end of the movable contact bridge. Further, the elastic metal piece further includes a positioning piece correspondingly connected to the second end of each of the interlocking pieces. Further, the number of the dynamic contact bridges is two.
  • a switch including a power positive input portion, a brake structure, a power supply negative input portion, and a reversing mechanism, and the reversing mechanism is respectively connected to the power positive input portion and the power negative input portion, and the power supply positive electrode
  • the input portion includes a support portion
  • the brake structure is the above-mentioned linkage composite brake structure.
  • Each of the dynamic contact bridges of the interlocking composite brake structure is pivotally connected with the support portion, and the plurality of running static contacts of the interlocking composite brake structure are disposed at the power source.
  • a plurality of brake static contacts of the interlocking composite brake structure are disposed on the negative input portion of the power supply, and the movable contact bridge is selectively closed with the positive input of the power supply or the negative input of the power supply.
  • the support portion includes a plurality of positioning holes, and the first end of the elastic metal piece of the interlocking composite brake structure is connected with the movable contact bridge, and the second end of the elastic metal piece is inserted into the positioning hole.
  • the switch further includes an operating lever assembly movable along an extending direction of the movable contact bridge;
  • the operating lever assembly includes a rod body, a plurality of pressing blocks arranged in parallel, and a plurality of elastic members disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of pressing blocks, the rod body
  • One end of the elastic member is provided with a mounting hole, one end of the elastic member abuts against the bottom of the mounting hole, the other end of the elastic member abuts against the pressing block, and a part of the pressing block is movably disposed in the mounting hole, and the pressing block and the movable contact bridge The surface is abutted.
  • a power tool comprising a switch, the switch being the switch described above.
  • the electric tool further includes a motor, the motor includes a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal electrically connected to the first terminal, and the switching mechanism of the switch includes a first reversing movable contact and a second reversing dynamic contact
  • the power supply positive input portion of the switch is selectively connected to the first terminal or the second terminal of the motor through the first commutating movable contact
  • the power negative input portion of the switch is selectively coupled to the motor through the second commutating movable contact
  • the second terminal or the third terminal is connected.
  • the interlocking composite brake structure of the present invention comprises a plurality of movable contact bridges arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the plurality of movable contact bridges are connected by elastic metal sheets, and the first ends of each of the movable contact bridges are provided with brake moving contacts, each moving The second end of the contact bridge is provided with a running moving contact; the interlocking composite brake structure further comprises a plurality of brake static contacts disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of brake moving contacts, and one of the plurality of running moving contacts Correspondingly arranged a plurality of running static contacts.
  • the interlocking composite brake structure of the present invention has the characteristics of simple structure and low manufacturing cost.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship between the interlocking composite brake structure and the support portion in the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the dynamic contact bridge, the movable contact and the elastic metal piece in the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the elastic metal piece in the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship between the operating rod assembly and the interlocking composite brake structure in the present invention
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship between the interlocking composite brake structure and the support portion in the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the dynamic contact bridge, the movable contact and the elastic metal piece in the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the elastic metal piece in the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship between the operating rod assembly and the interlocking composite brake structure in the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a view schematically showing the reversing mechanism and the power source positive input portion and the power source negative input portion in the present invention; Schematic diagram of the connection relationship; and FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the reversing lever, the reversing spring, and the first reversing movable contact and the second reversing movable contact in the reversing mechanism of the present invention.
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • a linked composite brake structure of a switch is provided as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG.
  • the interlocking composite brake structure includes: a plurality of dynamic contact bridges 10, and a plurality of dynamic contact bridges 10 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart; an elastic metal piece 40, and a plurality of movable contact bridges 10 pass through an elastic metal piece.
  • a plurality of moving contacts 20 the plurality of moving contacts 20 includes a plurality of brake moving contacts 21 and a plurality of running moving contacts 22, and each of the movable contact bridges 10 is provided with a brake moving contact at a first end thereof 21, each of the second ends of the movable contact bridge 10 is provided with a running moving contact 22; a plurality of static contacts 30, and the plurality of fixed contacts 30 comprise a plurality of correspondingly arranged with the plurality of brake moving contacts 21 Brake static contacts 31, and The plurality of running moving contacts 22 - a plurality of running stationary contacts 32 are correspondingly disposed.
  • the interlocking composite brake structure of the present invention has the characteristics of simple structure and low manufacturing cost.
  • the elastic metal piece 40 includes a plurality of interlocking pieces 41 juxtaposed in the same plane and a connecting piece 42 for connecting the plurality of interlocking pieces 41; the first end of the interlocking piece 41 45 is connected to the second end of the movable contact bridge 10, respectively.
  • each of the interlocking pieces 41 is connected to one of the movable contact bridges 10.
  • the moving contact bridge 10 will drive the linkage piece 41 connected thereto to transmit the motion through the linkage piece 41 to the connecting piece 42 connected thereto, and then transmit to the connected another.
  • the linkage piece 41 thereby driving the other movable contact bridge 10, and transmitting the movements in sequence ensures a relatively synchronized movement of the movable contact bridges 10 which are not completely synchronized. Since the elastic metal piece 40 is connected to the movable contact bridge 10, it can satisfy the requirement that the plurality of movable contact bridges 10 cannot be synchronized, and can become a rigid part when the elastic metal piece 40 is deformed to a certain extent, for transmitting power.
  • the first end 45 of each of the interlocking pieces 41 is provided with a connecting hole 43 through which the movable contact 22 passes through the connecting hole 43 of the elastic metal piece 40 and the movable contact bridge 10 The second end is riveted. Since the elastic metal piece 40 and the movable contact bridge 10 are riveted by running the movable contact 22, the interlocking composite brake structure of the present invention has the characteristics of reliable connection.
  • the elastic metal piece 40 further includes a positioning piece 44 correspondingly connected to the second end 46 of each of the interlocking pieces 41.
  • the interlocking piece 41 is positioned and engaged with other components by the positioning piece 44.
  • the interlocking pieces 41 are two, the two linked pieces 41 are connected by one connecting piece 42, and the elastic metal piece 40 is H-shaped.
  • the distance between the connecting piece 42 and the first end 45 of the linking piece 41 is greater than the distance between the linking piece 41 and the second end of the connecting piece 42.
  • the dynamic contact bridge 10 is not fully synchronized but relatively synchronous.
  • the number of the dynamic contact bridges 10 is two.
  • each of the dynamic contact bridges 10 is provided with a brake moving contact 21 and a running moving contact 22, and one brake moving contact 21 is disposed corresponding to one brake static contact 31, and one running moving contact 22 is A running static contact 32 is correspondingly arranged.
  • a switch is provided. As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 7, the switch includes a power source positive input portion 60, a brake structure, a power source negative input portion 70, and a reversing mechanism 90. The commutating mechanism 90 is connected to the power source positive input portion 60 and the power source negative input portion 70, respectively.
  • the power positive input portion 60 includes a support portion 50, and the brake structure is the above-described interlocking composite brake structure.
  • Each of the movable contact bridges 10 of the interlocking composite brake structure is pivotally connected with the support portion 50 to interlock multiple operations of the composite brake structure.
  • the static contact 32 is disposed on the positive input portion 60 of the power supply, and the plurality of brake static contacts 31 of the interlocking composite brake structure are disposed on the negative input portion 70 of the power supply.
  • the movable contact 10 is selectively connected to the positive input portion 60 of the power supply or the negative pole of the power supply.
  • the input portion 70 is closed.
  • the support portion 50 includes a plurality of protrusions
  • each of the movable contact bridges 10 includes a pivot hole disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the protrusions, and the protrusions are embedded in the pivot holes.
  • the movable contact bridge 10 is movable relative to the support portion 50 when the movable contact bridge 10 is subjected to an external force.
  • the support portion 50 includes a plurality of positioning holes 51 .
  • the first end of the elastic metal piece 40 of the interlocking composite brake structure is connected to the movable contact bridge 10 , and the second end of the elastic metal piece 40 is inserted into the positioning hole.
  • the positioning piece 44 of the elastic metal piece 40 is connected to the positioning hole 51. Further, the positioning piece 44 is inserted into the positioning hole 51.
  • the positioning piece 44 Since the positioning piece 44 is inserted into the positioning hole 51, when the movable contact bridge 10 moves, the positioning piece 44 moves in the positioning hole 51, so that the elastic metal piece 40 and the supporting portion 50 are dynamically assembled.
  • the first end of the elastic metal piece 40 is connected to the movable contact bridge 10 through the running moving contact 22 , and the second end of the elastic metal piece 40 passes through the positioning hole of the positioning piece 44 and the supporting portion 50 .
  • the power source negative input portion 70 includes a first negative input connection piece 71, a second negative input connection piece 72, a field effect transistor 73, and a power source negative connection piece 74 that are sequentially connected. Further, the first negative input connection piece 71 and the second negative input connection piece 72 are connected by the brake static contact 31.
  • the switch of the present invention has a connection reliability.
  • the power supply positive input portion 60 further includes a power supply positive connection piece 61 and a positive input connection piece 62.
  • the operation static contact 32 is disposed on the power supply positive connection piece 61, and the positive input connection piece 62 is provided. It is connected to the support portion 50. Further, the running static contact 32 is riveted to the power supply positive connection piece 61.
  • the switch of the present invention has the characteristics of reliable connection.
  • the switch further includes an operating lever assembly 80 movable along an extending direction of the movable contact bridge 10;
  • the operating lever assembly 80 includes a rod body 81, a plurality of pressing blocks 82 arranged in parallel, and a plurality of pressing blocks 82 corresponding to each other a plurality of elastic members 83, one end of the rod 81 is provided with a mounting hole 81a, one end of the elastic member 83 abuts against the bottom of the mounting hole 81a, the other end of the elastic member 83 abuts against the pressing block 82, and a part of the pressing block 82 is movable.
  • the ground is disposed in the mounting hole 81a, and the pressing block 82 abuts against the surface of the movable contact bridge 10.
  • the pressing block 82 and the rod body 81 are connected by the elastic member 83, when the pressing block 82 moves along the surface of the movable contact bridge 10 under the action of the rod body 81, it can be adjusted according to the distance between the surface of the movable contact bridge 10 and the rod body 81.
  • the position of the pressing block 82 in the mounting hole 81a is such that the operating lever assembly 80 and the movable contact bridge 10 have a high motion fit.
  • the resilient element 83 is a compression spring.
  • the elastic member 83 may also be an elastic rubber pad or the like.
  • a power tool is provided.
  • the power tool includes a switch, and the switch is the above switch.
  • the electric tool further comprises a motor, the motor comprising a first terminal, a second terminal and a third terminal electrically connected to the first terminal (the first terminal and the third terminal may also be considered to belong to the same component),
  • the switching mechanism of the switch 90 includes a first commutating movable contact 91 and a second reversing movable contact 92, and the power supply positive input portion 60 of the switch is selectively connected to the first terminal or the second terminal of the motor through the first reversing movable contact 91
  • the power supply negative input portion 70 of the switch is selectively coupled to the second terminal or the third terminal of the motor via the second commutating movable contact 92.
  • the direction of rotation of the motor can be controlled by changing the connection state of the first reversing movable contact 91 and the second reversing movable contact 92 to the respective terminals of the motor.
  • the first reversing movable contact piece 91 is connected to the positive input connection piece 62 of the power source positive input portion 60
  • the second reversing movable contact piece 92 is connected to the first negative input connection piece 71 of the power source negative input unit 70.
  • the pressing block 82 moves along the surface of the movable contact 10 from the brake moving contact 21 to the moving contact 22. Movement until the running moving contact 22 and the running static contact 32 are closed.
  • the connecting piece 72, the field effect transistor 73, and the power source negative connection piece 74 are sequentially turned on, and the power source negative connection piece 74 is electrically connected to the external power source negative electrode.
  • the pressing block 82 follows the surface of the movable contact 10 from the running moving contact 22 to the brake moving contact 21. Movement until the brake moving contact 21 and the brake stationary contact 31 are closed. At this point, the circuit in the switch is shorted and the device stops running.
  • the positive pole of the external power supply is connected to the positive pole connecting piece of the positive input portion of the power supply, and the running static contact 32 of the positive connecting piece of the power supply is disconnected from the running moving contact 22 of the movable contact bridge 10, and the circuit is not conducting;
  • the second terminal of the motor is sequentially turned on with the first negative input connection piece 71 and the second negative input connection piece 72, and the brake static contact 31 of the first negative input connection piece 71 and the brake movable contact 21 of the movable contact bridge 10 are simultaneously turned on.
  • the movable contact bridge 10 and the support portion 50, the first negative input connection piece 71, the first commutating movable contact 91 and the first terminal of the motor are sequentially turned on, so that the first terminal of the motor and the second terminal of the motor
  • the equipotential is short-circuited at both ends of the motor to achieve braking.
  • the plurality of movable contact bridges 10 of the linked composite brake structure of the present invention need to move relatively synchronously. If the difference in motion of the plurality of moving bridges 10 is too large, a short circuit of the power supply may occur, causing a safety hazard.
  • the interlocking composite brake structure includes two movable contact bridges 10, and the two movable contact bridges 10 are a first movable contact bridge and a second movable contact bridge. If the movement difference between the two moving bridges 10 is too large, the power moving tool 21 of the first moving contact bridge and the brake static contact 31 of the first moving contact bridge are closed, and the power tool generates a braking function.
  • the running moving contact 22 of the second movable contact bridge and the brake static contact 31 of the second moving contact bridge are closed, the positive pole of the power source is connected to the positive input portion 60 of the power source, the negative pole of the power source is connected to the negative input portion 70 of the power source, and the positive pole of the power source is positive.
  • the reversing mechanism further comprises: a reversing lever 93 and two reversing springs 94.
  • the reversing lever 93 further includes an opening for mounting the reversing spring 94. At least a portion of the reversing spring 94 is located within the opening, and one end of the two reversing springs 94 is coupled to the first reversing movable contact 91 and the second reversing movable contact 92, respectively.
  • the interlocking composite brake structure of the invention has the characteristics of long service life and can meet the increasingly stringent requirements of customers.
  • the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

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  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)

Abstract

一种开关的联动复合刹车结构、开关和电动工具。联动复合刹车结构包括:多个动触桥(10),多个动触桥依次并列且间隔地设置;弹性金属片(40),多个动触桥通过弹性金属片连接;多个动触头(20),多个动触头包括多个刹车动触头(21)和多个运行动触头(22),每个动触桥的第一端均设置有刹车动触头,每个动触桥的第二端均设置有运行动触头;多个静触头(30),多个静触头包括与多个刹车动触头一一对应地设置的多个刹车静触头(31)和与多个运行动触头一一对应地设置的多个运行静触头(32)。由于多个动触桥通过弹性金属片连接,因而刹车时,多个刹车动触头与多个刹车静触头闭合,多点打火,从而减小了单点接触刹车时触头磨损严重的问题,进而延长了联动复合刹车结构的使用寿命。

Description

开关的联动复合刹车结构、 开关和电动工具 技术领域 本发明涉及开关装置领域, 更具体地, 涉及一种开关的联动复合刹车结构、 开关 和电动工具。 背景技术 目前, 电动工具中的刹车结构主要分为电子刹车和机械刹车两大类。 由于电子刹 车存在成本高、 对电路系统要求较高、 容易产生不稳定状态等缺点, 因而很少使用, 而传统的机械刹车在开关中得到广泛的应用。 现有技术中的机械刹车分为以下几种结构: 推动接触型、 侧面接触型、 翘板接触 型。 现有技术中的刹车结构均为单触头接触刹车, 即在刹车的过程中, 一个刹车动触 头与一个刹车静触头相接触, 从而将马达的两个输入端短接, 进而实现刹车。 随着电 动工具性能不断提升, 电动工具对刹车性能的要求也越来越高, 刹车结构在触头闭合 的瞬间发生的打火现象也愈发严重。 由于现有技术中的刹车结构为单触头接触刹车, 因而刹车时的打火现象导致刹车 动触头与刹车静触头严重磨损, 从而缩短了刹车结构的使用寿命。 发明内容 本发明旨在提供一种开关的联动复合刹车结构、 开关和电动工具, 以解决现有技 术中单触头接触刹车打火而导致刹车结构使用寿命短的问题。 为解决上述技术问题, 根据本发明的一个方面, 提供了一种开关的联动复合刹车 结构, 包括: 多个动触桥, 多个动触桥依次并列且间隔地设置; 弹性金属片, 多个动 触桥通过弹性金属片连接; 多个动触头, 多个动触头包括多个刹车动触头和多个运行 动触头, 每个动触桥的第一端均设置有刹车动触头, 每个动触桥的第二端均设置有运 行动触头; 多个静触头, 多个静触头包括与多个刹车动触头一一对应地设置的多个刹 车静触头、 和与多个运行动触头一一对应地设置的多个运行静触头。 进一步地, 弹性金属片包括多个并列设置在同一平面内的联动片和用于连接多个 联动片的连接片; 联动片的第一端分别与动触桥的第二端连接。 进一步地, 每个联动片的第一端均设置有连接孔, 运行动触头穿过弹性金属片的 连接孔后与动触桥的第二端铆接。 进一步地, 弹性金属片还包括与每个联动片的第二端对应连接的定位片。 进一步地, 动触桥的个数为两个。 根据本发明的另一个方面, 提供了一种开关, 包括电源正极输入部、 刹车结构、 电源负极输入部和换向机构,换向机构分别与电源正极输入部及电源负极输入部连接, 电源正极输入部包括支撑部, 刹车结构是上述的联动复合刹车结构, 联动复合刹车结 构的每个动触桥均与支撑部可枢转地连接, 联动复合刹车结构的多个运行静触头设置 在电源正极输入部上,联动复合刹车结构的多个刹车静触头设置在电源负极输入部上, 动触桥可选择地与电源正极输入部或电源负极输入部闭合。 进一步地, 支撑部包括多个定位孔, 联动复合刹车结构的弹性金属片的第一端与 动触桥连接, 弹性金属片的第二端插入定位孔内。 进一步地, 开关还包括能沿动触桥的延伸方向运动的操作杆组件; 操作杆组件包 括杆体、 并列设置的多个压块和与多个压块一一对应设置的多个弹性元件, 杆体的一 端设置有安装孔, 弹性元件的一端与安装孔的底部抵接, 弹性元件的另一端与压块抵 接, 且一部分的压块活动地设置在安装孔内, 且压块与动触桥的表面抵接。 根据本发明的另一个方面, 提供了一种电动工具, 包括开关, 开关是上述的开关。 进一步地, 电动工具还包括马达, 马达包括第一端子、 第二端子和与第一端子电 连接的第三端子, 开关的换向机构包括第一换向动触片和第二换向动触片, 开关的电 源正极输入部通过第一换向动触片可选择地与马达的第一端子或第二端子连接, 开关 的电源负极输入部通过第二换向动触片可选择地与马达的第二端子或第三端子连接。 本发明的联动复合刹车结构包括多个并列且间隔设置的动触桥, 多个动触桥通过 弹性金属片连接, 每个动触桥的第一端均设置有刹车动触头, 每个动触桥的第二端均 设置有运行动触头; 联动复合刹车结构还包括与多个刹车动触头一一对应地设置的多 个刹车静触头、 和与多个运行动触头一一对应地设置的多个运行静触头。 由于设置有 多个动触桥, 且多个动触桥通过弹性金属片连接, 因而刹车时, 多个刹车动触头与多 个刹车静触头闭合, 形成多点打火, 从而减小了单点接触刹车时触头磨损严重的问题, 进而延长了联动复合刹车结构的使用寿命。 由于多个动触桥通过弹性金属片连接, 因 而避免多个动触桥运动差异过大而导致设备短路的问题, 提高了设备运行的可靠性。 同时, 本发明中的联动复合刹车结构具有结构简单、 制造成本低的特点。 附图说明 构成本申请的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 本发明的示意性实 施例及其说明用于解释本发明, 并不构成对本发明的不当限定。 在附图中: 图 1示意性示出了本发明中的联动复合刹车结构与支撑部的连接关系示意图; 图 2示意性示出了本发明中的动触桥、动触头和弹性金属片相配合的结构示意图; 图 3示意性示出了本发明中的弹性金属片的结构示意图; 图 4 示意性示出了本发明中的操作杆组件与联动复合刹车结构的连接关系示意 图; 图 5示意性示出了本发明中的操作杆组件中的杆体、 弹性元件和压块的连接关系 示意图; 图 6示意性示出了本发明中的换向机构与电源正极输入部和电源负极输入部的连 接关系示意图; 以及 图 7示意性示出了本发明中的换向机构中的换向拨杆、 换向弹簧与第一换向动触 片和第二换向动触片的连接关系示意图。 具体实施方式 以下结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明, 但是本发明可以由权利要求限定 和覆盖的多种不同方式实施。 作为本发明的第一个方面, 提供了一种开关的联动复合刹车结构。 如图 1至图 3 所示, 联动复合刹车结构包括: 多个动触桥 10, 多个动触桥 10依次并列且间隔地设 置; 弹性金属片 40, 多个动触桥 10通过弹性金属片 40连接; 多个动触头 20, 多个动 触头 20包括多个刹车动触头 21和多个运行动触头 22, 每个动触桥 10的第一端均设 置有刹车动触头 21,每个动触桥 10的第二端均设置有运行动触头 22;多个静触头 30, 多个静触头 30包括与多个刹车动触头 21—一对应地设置的多个刹车静触头 31、和与 多个运行动触头 22—一对应地设置的多个运行静触头 32。由于设置有多个动触桥 10, 且多个动触桥 10通过弹性金属片 40连接, 因而刹车时, 多个刹车动触头 21与多个刹 车静触头 31闭合, 形成多点打火(由于多个刹车动触头 21与多个刹车静触头 3 1存在 制造误差、装配误差、使用损耗后产生的误差等, 因而多个动触桥 10不可能完全同步 运动并刹车), 从而减小了单点接触刹车时触头磨损严重的问题,进而延长了联动复合 刹车结构的使用寿命。 由于多个动触桥 10通过弹性金属片 40连接, 因而避免多个动 触桥 10运动差异过大而导致设备(例如电动工具)短路的问题, 提高了设备运行的可 靠性。 同时, 本发明中的联动复合刹车结构具有结构简单、 制造成本低的特点。 优选地, 如图 1至图 3所示, 弹性金属片 40包括多个并列设置在同一平面内的联 动片 41和用于连接多个联动片 41的连接片 42 ; 联动片 41的第一端 45分别与动触桥 10的第二端连接。 优选地, 每个联动片 41均与一个动触桥 10连接。 当某一个动触桥 10运动时, 该动触桥 10会带动与其连接的联动片 41运动, 从而将该运动通过该联动 片 41传递给与其连接的连接片 42, 进而传动给相连的另一个联动片 41, 从而带动另 一个动触桥 10运动, 并将运动依次传递, 保证多个不可能完全同步运动的动触桥 10 相对同步的运动。 由于使用弹性金属片 40与动触桥 10连接, 因而既可以满足多个动 触桥 10不能同步运动的要求, 又能在弹性金属片 40变形到一定程度时成为一个刚性 零件, 用来传递动力并保证多个动触桥 10相对同步的运动。 优选地, 如图 2和图 3所示, 每个联动片 41的第一端 45均设置有连接孔 43, 运 行动触头 22穿过弹性金属片 40的连接孔 43后与动触桥 10的第二端铆接。 由于弹性 金属片 40与动触桥 10通过运行动触头 22铆接,因而本发明中的联动复合刹车结构具 有连接可靠的特点。 优选地, 如图 1至图 3所示, 弹性金属片 40还包括与每个联动片 41的第二端 46 对应连接的定位片 44。 由于设置有定位片 44, 因而联动片 41通过定位片 44与其他部 件定位配合。 如图 3所示的实施例中, 联动片 41为两个, 两个联动片 41通过一个连接片 42 连接, 且弹性金属片 40呈 H型。 优选地, 连接片 42与联动片 41的第一端 45的距离 大于联动片 41与连接片 42的第二端的距离。 由于连接片 42与联动片 41的第一端 45 的距离大于联动片 41与连接片 42的第二端的距离, 且定位片 44用于将联动片 41定 位, 因而联动片 41的第一端 45具有较大的变形度,可以满足本发明中动触桥 10不完 全同步但相对同步运动的要求。 优选地, 如图 1至图 6的实施例所示, 动触桥 10的个数为两个。 优选地, 每个动 触桥 10均设置有一个刹车动触头 21和一个运行动触头 22, 且一个刹车动触头 21与 一个刹车静触头 31对应设置, 一个运行动触头 22与一个运行静触头 32对应设置。 作为本发明的第二个方面, 提供了一种开关。 如图 1至图 7所示, 开关包括电源 正极输入部 60、刹车结构、 电源负极输入部 70和换向机构 90, 换向机构 90分别与电 源正极输入部 60及电源负极输入部 70连接, 电源正极输入部 60包括支撑部 50, 刹 车结构是上述的联动复合刹车结构, 联动复合刹车结构的每个动触桥 10 均与支撑部 50可枢转地连接, 联动复合刹车结构的多个运行静触头 32设置在电源正极输入部 60 上, 联动复合刹车结构的多个刹车静触头 31设置在电源负极输入部 70上, 动触桥 10 可选择地与电源正极输入部 60或电源负极输入部 70闭合。 优选地, 支撑部 50包括多个凸起, 每个动触桥 10均包括与凸起一一对应设置的 枢接孔, 凸起嵌设在枢接孔内。 由于凸起与枢接孔活动连接, 因而当动触桥 10受到外 力的作用时, 动触桥 10可相对于支撑部 50运动。 优选地, 如图 1所示, 支撑部 50包括多个定位孔 51, 联动复合刹车结构的弹性 金属片 40的第一端与动触桥 10连接, 弹性金属片 40的第二端插入定位孔 51内。 优 选地, 弹性金属片 40的定位片 44与定位孔 51连接。 进一步地, 定位片 44插接在定 位孔 51内。 由于定位片 44插接在定位孔 51内, 因而当动触桥 10运动时, 定位片 44 在定位孔 51内运动, 使弹性金属片 40与支撑部 50动态装配。 如图 1所示的实施例中, 弹性金属片 40的第一端与动触桥 10通过运行动触头 22 连接, 弹性金属片 40的第二端通过定位片 44与支撑部 50的定位孔 51动态装配, 因 而弹性金属片 40的第二端与动触桥 10之间形成有张紧距离, 从而保证弹性金属片 40 在受迫运动时可以产生张紧力, 同时保证弹性金属片 40不会由于形变过大而损坏,进 而保证多个动触桥 10之间的运动顺利传递。 优选地, 如图 1和图 6所示, 电源负极输入部 70包括依次连接的第一负极输入连 接片 71、 第二负极输入连接片 72、 场效应管 73和电源负极连接片 74。 进一步地, 第 一负极输入连接片 71与第二负极输入连接片 72通过刹车静触头 31连接。由于第一负 极输入连接片 71与第二负极输入连接片 72通过刹车静触头 31连接,因而本发明中的 开关具有连接可靠的特点。 优选地, 如图 1和图 6所示, 电源正极输入部 60还包括电源正极连接片 61和正 极输入连接片 62, 运行静触头 32设置在电源正极连接片 61上, 正极输入连接片 62 与支撑部 50连接。进一步地, 运行静触头 32与电源正极连接片 61铆接。本发明中的 开关具有连接可靠的特点。 优选地, 开关还包括能沿动触桥 10的延伸方向运动的操作杆组件 80; 操作杆组 件 80包括杆体 81、 并列设置的多个压块 82和与多个压块 82—一对应设置的多个弹 性元件 83, 杆体 81的一端设置有安装孔 81a, 弹性元件 83的一端与安装孔 81a的底 部抵接, 弹性元件 83的另一端与压块 82抵接, 且一部分的压块 82活动地设置在安装 孔 81a内, 且压块 82与动触桥 10的表面抵接。 由于压块 82与杆体 81通过弹性元件 83连接, 因而当压块 82在杆体 81的作用下沿动触桥 10的表面运动时, 可以根据动 触桥 10表面与杆体 81之间的距离而调节压块 82在安装孔 81a内的位置,从而使操作 杆组件 80与动触桥 10具有运动配合高的特点。 优选地, 弹性元件 83是压簧。 当然, 弹性元件 83还可以是弹性橡胶垫等。 使用本发明中的开关时, 工作人员可以通过控制操作杆组件 80中的杆体 81的位 置, 而控制压块 82在动触桥 10的表面的位置, 从而使开关处于不同的工作状态, 进 而实现对设备运行的控制。 作为本发明的第三个方面, 提供了一种电动工具。 电动工具包括开关, 开关是上 述的开关。 优选地, 电动工具还包括马达, 马达包括第一端子、 第二端子和与第一端子电连 接的第三端子 (也可以认为第一端子与第三端子属于同一部件), 开关的换向机构 90 包括第一换向动触片 91和第二换向动触片 92, 开关的电源正极输入部 60通过第一换 向动触片 91可选择地与马达的第一端子或第二端子连接, 开关的电源负极输入部 70 通过第二换向动触片 92可选择地与马达的第二端子或第三端子连接。通过改变第一换 向动触片 91和第二换向动触片 92与马达的各个端子的连接状态, 可以控制马达的转 动方向。 优选地,第一换向动触片 91与电源正极输入部 60的正极输入连接片 62连接,第 二换向动触片 92与电源负极输入部 70的第一负极输入连接片 71连接。 如图 4和图 6所示的实施例中, 当工作人员向靠近开关的方向推动杆体 81时,压 块 82沿动触桥 10的表面从刹车动触头 21向运行动触头 22的方向运动, 直至运行动 触头 22与运行静触头 32闭合为止。 此时, 开关中的回路导通, 设备开始运行。 工作 回路: 外部电源正极接入电源正极输入部 60的电源正极连接片 61, 位于电源正极连 接片 61的运行静触头 32与动触桥 10的运行动触头 22导通, 动触桥 10、 支撑部 50、 正极输入连接片 62依次导通,正极输入连接片 62通过第一换向动触片 91与马达的第 一端子导通, 马达的第二端子与第一负极输入连接片 71、第二负极输入连接片 72、场 效应管 73和电源负极连接片 74依次导通, 电源负极连接片 74与外部电源负极导通。 如图 4和图 6所示的实施例中, 当工作人员向远离开关的方向拉动杆体 81时,压 块 82沿动触桥 10的表面从运行动触头 22向刹车动触头 21的方向运动, 直至刹车动 触头 21与刹车静触头 31闭合为止。 此时, 开关中的回路短接, 设备停止运行。 工作 回路: 外部电源正极接入电源正极输入部 60的电源正极连接片,位于电源正极连接片 的运行静触头 32与动触桥 10的运行动触头 22断开, 回路不导通; 而马达的第二端子 与第一负极输入连接片 71、 第二负极输入连接片 72依次导通, 同时第一负极输入连 接片 71的刹车静触头 31与动触桥 10的刹车动触头 21导通, 动触桥 10与支撑部 50、 第一负极输入连接片 71、 第一换向动触片 91和马达的第一端子依次导通, 从而使马 达的第一端子与马达第二端子等电势, 即将马达的两端短路, 从而实现刹车。 本发明中的联动复合刹车结构的多个动触桥 10需要相对同步地运动。如果多个动 触桥 10的运动差异过大,就会引起电源短路,引发安全隐患。在一个具体的实施例中, 联动复合刹车结构包括两个动触桥 10, 两个动触桥 10为第一动触桥和第二动触桥。 如果两个动触桥 10运动差异过大, 就会导致第一动触桥的刹车动触头 21与第一动触 桥的刹车静触头 31闭合时, 电动工具产生刹车功能, 而此时第二动触桥的运行动触头 22与第二动触桥的刹车静触头 31闭合, 电源的正极接入电源正极输入部 60, 电源的 负极接入电源负极输入部 70, 且电源正极输入部 60与电源负极输入部 70导通, 即使 电源的正极与电源的负极短接, 从而引发安全隐患。 优选地, 如图 7所示, 换向机构还包括: 换向拨杆 93和两个换向弹簧 94。 进一 步地, 换向拨杆 93还包括用于安装换向弹簧 94的开孔。换向弹簧 94的至少一部分位 于开孔内, 且两个换向弹簧 94的一端分别与第一换向动触片 91和第二换向动触片 92 连接。 当需要改变马达的转动方向时, 通过拨动换向拨杆 93, 可以改变第一换向动触 片 91和第二换向动触片 92与马达端子的连接关系。 本发明中的联动复合刹车结构具有使用寿命长的特点, 可以满足客户日益严苛的 使用要求。 以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已, 并不用于限制本发明, 对于本领域的技 术人员来说, 本发明可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内, 所作的 任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种开关的联动复合刹车结构, 其特征在于, 包括:
多个动触桥 (10), 多个所述动触桥 (10) 依次并列且间隔地设置; 弹性金属片(40), 多个所述动触桥(10)通过所述弹性金属片(40)连接; 多个动触头(20), 所述多个动触头(20)包括多个刹车动触头(21 )和多 个运行动触头(22), 每个所述动触桥(10)的第一端均设置有所述刹车动触头 (21 ), 每个所述动触桥 (10) 的第二端均设置有所述运行动触头 (22);
多个静触头(30),所述多个静触头(30)包括与多个所述刹车动触头(21 ) 一一对应地设置的多个刹车静触头(31 )、和与多个所述运行动触头(22)—一 对应地设置的多个运行静触头 (32)。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的联动复合刹车结构, 其特征在于, 所述弹性金属片(40) 包括多个并列设置在同一平面内的联动片 (41 )和用于连接多个所述联动片 (41 ) 的连接片 (42); 所述联动片 (41 ) 的第一端 (45 )分别与所述动触桥(10) 的 第二端连接。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的联动复合刹车结构, 其特征在于, 每个所述联动片(41 ) 的所述第一端(45 )均设置有连接孔(43 ), 所述运行动触头(22) 穿过所述弹 性金属片 (40) 的所述连接孔 (43 ) 后与所述动触桥 (10) 的第二端铆接。
4. 根据权利要求 2所述的联动复合刹车结构, 其特征在于, 所述弹性金属片(40) 还包括与每个所述联动片 (41 ) 的第二端 (46) 对应连接的定位片 (44)。
5. 根据权利要求 1至 4中任一项所述的联动复合刹车结构, 其特征在于, 所述动 触桥 (10) 的个数为两个。
6. 一种开关, 包括电源正极输入部(60)、 刹车结构、 电源负极输入部(70)和换 向机构 (90), 所述换向机构 (90)分别与所述电源正极输入部(60)及所述电 源负极输入部 (70)连接, 所述电源正极输入部 (60)包括支撑部 (50), 其特 征在于, 所述刹车结构是权利要求 1至 5中任一项所述的联动复合刹车结构, 所述联动复合刹车结构的每个动触桥 (10) 均与所述支撑部 (50) 可枢转地连 接, 所述联动复合刹车结构的多个运行静触头 (32) 设置在所述电源正极输入 部 (60) 上, 所述联动复合刹车结构的多个刹车静触头 (31 ) 设置在所述电源 负极输入部(70)上, 所述动触桥(10)可选择地与所述电源正极输入部(60) 或所述电源负极输入部 (70) 闭合。 根据权利要求 6所述的开关, 其特征在于, 所述支撑部 (50) 包括多个定位孔 ( 51 ),所述联动复合刹车结构的弹性金属片(40)的第一端与所述动触桥(10) 连接, 所述弹性金属片 (40) 的第二端插入所述定位孔 (51 ) 内。 根据权利要求 6所述的开关,其特征在于,所述开关还包括能沿所述动触桥( 10) 的延伸方向运动的操作杆组件 (80); 所述操作杆组件 (80) 包括杆体 (81 )、 并列设置的多个压块 (82) 和与多个所述压块 (82) —一对应设置的多个弹性 元件 (83 ), 所述杆体 (81 ) 的一端设置有安装孔 (81a), 所述弹性元件 (83 ) 的一端与所述安装孔(81a) 的底部抵接, 所述弹性元件(83 ) 的另一端与所述 压块 (82) 抵接, 且一部分的所述压块 (82) 活动地设置在所述安装孔 (81a) 内, 且所述压块 (82) 与所述动触桥 (10) 的表面抵接。 一种电动工具, 包括开关, 其特征在于, 所述开关是权利要求 6至 8中任一项 所述的开关。 根据权利要求 9所述的电动工具, 其特征在于, 所述电动工具还包括马达, 所 述马达包括第一端子、 第二端子和与所述第一端子电连接的第三端子, 所述开 关的换向机构 (90)包括第一换向动触片 (91 )和第二换向动触片 (92), 所述 开关的电源正极输入部 (60) 通过所述第一换向动触片 (91 ) 可选择地与所述 马达的所述第一端子或所述第二端子连接, 所述开关的电源负极输入部 (70) 通过所述第二换向动触片 (92) 可选择地与所述马达的所述第二端子或所述第 三端子连接。
PCT/CN2013/074148 2013-03-08 2013-04-12 开关的联动复合刹车结构、开关和电动工具 WO2014134858A1 (zh)

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CN107591268B (zh) * 2017-09-28 2020-06-19 苏州华之杰电讯股份有限公司 一种应用于电动工具开关中的刹车结构
CN110534361A (zh) * 2019-09-10 2019-12-03 江苏华频电子科技有限公司 一种开关件、开关电路、电动工具控制方法及电动工具

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