WO2014133055A1 - Muc4遺伝子多型を検出することを含む、抗癌剤療法の副作用の発症リスクを判定する方法 - Google Patents
Muc4遺伝子多型を検出することを含む、抗癌剤療法の副作用の発症リスクを判定する方法 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention includes (1) a method for determining the risk of developing diffuse alveolar disorder, including detecting a MUC4 gene polymorphism, and (2) the onset of side effects of anticancer drug therapy, including detecting a MUC4 gene polymorphism.
- the present invention relates to a method for determining risk, and (3) a kit used for the determination.
- Non-patent Document 1 It has been reported that such diffuse alveolar disorders occur frequently in Japanese (Non-patent Document 1). For example, in the case of gefitinib, the frequency in overseas surveys is 0.3%, whereas the frequency in Japanese is 3.98%, which is more than 10 times the frequency. In addition, the case of erlotinib was 0.2% in the survey of Asians, whereas it was 2.7% in the survey of Japanese, which is more than 10 times the frequency. Yes. In patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, it has been reported that acute exacerbations occur more frequently than in other countries and show a high mortality rate (Non-patent Document 2). It is estimated that thousands of Japanese people die from diffuse alveolar damage annually. However, it is a serious problem that not only Japanese but also overseas, there are cases of death due to side effects of drugs, regardless of frequency.
- Anticancer drug therapy is naturally performed to treat cancer.
- diffuse alveolar disorders result from administration of anticancer agents.
- Diffuse alveolar disorders have a rapid progression of their severity and a high fatality rate, so if we can provide a method to determine in advance the risk of developing diffuse alveolar disorders due to anticancer drug administration, Very useful. This is because it is possible to prevent the patient from dying ironically by an anticancer agent that should be administered for the purpose of saving the lives of cancer patients.
- diffuse alveolar disorders are generally difficult to distinguish from normal pneumonia in the initial symptoms. In many cases, it cannot be determined at the first visit, in which case treatment is performed from the viewpoint of both pneumonia and diffuse alveolar disorder. Diffuse alveolar disorders are prematurely advanced and have a high fatality rate, so there is a way to determine in advance the risk of developing diffuse alveolar disorders at the time of initial symptoms. If possible, it is extremely useful.
- the present invention provides (1) a method for determining the risk of developing diffuse alveolar disorders, including detecting a MUC4 gene polymorphism, and (2) a side effect of anticancer drug therapy, including detecting a MUC4 gene polymorphism. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for determining the risk of onset, and (3) a kit used for the determination thereof.
- the present invention has the following features.
- the present invention relates to a method for determining the risk of developing diffuse alveolar disorder, comprising detecting a gene polymorphism present in the MUC4 gene.
- the “gene polymorphism present in the MUC4 gene” may be a gene polymorphism present in exon 2 of the MUC4 gene.
- the “gene polymorphism present in exon 2 of MUC4 gene” is a group consisting of the following (1) to (6); (1) rs150551454 (C / T polymorphism in chromosome 3 and base number 19507491th base), (2) rs622282480 (C / A polymorphism at the base of chromosome 3, base number 195510749), (3) rs29112272 (A / G polymorphism at the base of chromosome 3, base number 195510773), (4) rs413807 (C / T polymorphism at the base of chromosome 3, base number 195510827), (5) rs6805660 (T / C polymorphism at the base of chromosome 3, base number 195512042), and (6) rs622282486 (T / C polymorphism at the base of chromosome 3, base sequence 195512245) It may be at least one single nucleotide polymorphism selected.
- the “gene polymorphism present in exon 2 of the MUC4 gene” is the following (5) and (6): (5) rs6805660 (chromosome # 3, T / C polymorphism at base number 195512042), (6) rs622282486 (T / C polymorphism at the base of chromosome 3, base sequence 195512245) Single nucleotide polymorphism.
- the diffuse alveolar disorder may be caused by administration of a drug.
- the agent can be an anticancer agent.
- anticancer agents can be selected from the group consisting of molecular targeted drugs, antimetabolites, and microtubule depolymerization inhibitors. Specific examples of such anticancer agents can include gefitinib, erlotinib, crizotinib, gemcitabine, irinotecan, pemetrexed, and docetaxel.
- the diffuse alveolar disorder may be caused by acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
- the present invention is a method for determining the risk of developing side effects of anticancer drug therapy, the method comprising detecting a genetic polymorphism present in the MUC4 gene in a patient scheduled to be administered an anticancer drug.
- the side effect may be a diffuse alveolar disorder.
- anticancer agents can include gefitinib, erlotinib, crizotinib, gemcitabine, irinotecan, pemetrexed, and docetaxel.
- the present invention relates to a determination kit for the risk of developing a diffuse alveolar disorder, characterized by detecting a genetic polymorphism present in the MUC4 gene.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a method for determining the risk of developing side effects of anticancer drug therapy.
- a method for determining the risk of developing side effects of anticancer drug therapy may be useful for patients who have already started using the anticancer drug.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a determination method and a determination kit for the onset risk of diffuse alveolar disorder. As a result, it is possible to determine the risk of developing diffuse alveolar damage and perform appropriate treatment on the patient.
- the present invention relates to a method for determining the risk of developing a diffuse alveolar disorder and a determination kit including detecting a MUC4 gene polymorphism, and a method for determining the risk of developing a side effect of anticancer drug therapy.
- Diffuse alveolar damage is one of the most characteristic symptoms, and the entire lung is in a dry state.
- Diffuse alveolar injury can be due to drug administration.
- diffuse alveolar injury can be due to an acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
- RPIP Rapid progressive interstitial pneumonia
- IPF idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- ARDS Acute respiratory distress syndrome
- Anticancer agent> diffuse alveolar damage can be caused by anticancer agents.
- anticancer agents include gefitinib (trade name: Iressa, etc.), erlotinib (trade name: Tarceva, etc.), crizotinib (trade name: Zakori, etc.), gemcitabine, irinotecan, pemetrexed (trade name: Alimta, etc.), Examples thereof include docetaxel (trade name: Taxotere, etc.), but are not limited thereto.
- gefitinib, erlotinib, and crizotinib are anticancer agents classified as tyrosine kinase inhibitors among so-called molecular targeted drugs.
- gemcitabine, irinotecan, and pemetrexed are anticancer agents classified as so-called antimetabolites.
- Docetaxel is an anticancer agent classified as a microtubule depolymerization inhibitor.
- a molecular target drug is an anticancer agent that suppresses tumor growth and the like by targeting a molecule involved in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis and inhibiting the molecule. Broadly divided into low molecular weight compounds and monoclonal antibodies. Molecular targeting drugs that are low molecular weight compounds are further classified into tyrosine kinase inhibitors, Raf kinase inhibitors, TNF- ⁇ inhibitors, and proteasome inhibitors.
- tyrosine kinase inhibitors in addition to the above-mentioned gefitinib, erlotinib, and crizotinib, for example, imatinib, dasatinib, vandetanib, sunitinib, lapatinib, and nilotinib are known. Both gefitinib and erlotinib are known as anticancer agents that inhibit tumor growth and the like by selectively inhibiting tyrosine kinase of epidermal growth factor receptor and blocking signal transduction.
- Crizotinib is known as an anticancer agent that suppresses tumor growth and the like by inhibiting the tyrosine kinase activity of undifferentiated lymphoid kinase (ALK), which is a receptor tyrosine kinase.
- ALK undifferentiated lymphoid kinase
- Antimetabolites are nucleobase analogs (analogues), which are anticancer agents that suppress tumor growth and the like by stopping the elongation of the DNA strand or cleaving the DNA strand by being incorporated into the DNA strand. is there.
- Gemcitabine is an analog of the nucleobase cytidine, and when it is taken into the DNA strand and attached with another nucleobase, the elongation of the DNA strand stops.
- Irinotecan is a derivative of camptothecan, a kind of plant alkaloid, and is an anticancer agent that inhibits recombination after single-stranded DNA cleavage by topoisomerase I to suppress tumor growth and the like.
- Pemetrexed is a folate antimetabolite that is similar in molecular structure to folic acid, and purines and pyrimidines by inhibiting thymidylate synthase, dihydrofolate reductase, and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase Inhibits synthesis of nucleotide precursors.
- ⁇ Microtubule depolymerization inhibitor> It is an anticancer agent that suppresses tumor growth and the like by inhibiting the depolymerization of microtubules.
- Cell cycle by binding to microtubules, which are the main components of the division apparatus formed during cell division, and preventing microtubules from depolymerizing and returning to tubulin to stabilize and overform microtubules Is arrested in the G2 / M phase to inhibit cell division.
- Typical examples include docetaxel and paclitaxel.
- Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is one of the specified diseases (intractable disease) of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, and chronically collapses the lungs, resulting in death due to respiratory failure, infectious diseases, acute exacerbations, It is a chronic disease. Of the IPF patients, 1/3 suddenly change their chronic pathology and die with rapidly progressing respiratory failure. This is an acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF AE). The mortality rate is very high at 70%. It is also known that when an anticancer drug is administered to an IPF patient, radiation therapy, surgery, or the like, IPF AE is caused at a high rate and death occurs.
- the determination method of the present invention is a determination method by detecting at least one gene polymorphism present in the MUC4 gene as a method for determining the risk of developing a diffuse alveolar disorder.
- the MUC4 gene is known as a gene encoding a mucin core protein expressed in airway epithelium.
- the base sequence of the MUC4 gene is known. For example, it is registered in The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) under NM — 0184406, and the base number 1954743636-154 of chromosome 3 in human genome UCSC hg19 NCBI b37.3. Contains 3000 base pairs of the promoter region).
- NCBI National Center for Biotechnology Information
- NM_018406 the base sequence registered in NM_018406
- the amino acid sequence of the encoded protein is shown in SEQ ID NO: 2.
- the method for determining the risk of developing a diffuse alveolar disorder is a method including detecting a MUC4 gene polymorphism.
- “comprising” means that the step of detecting the MUC4 gene polymorphism is an essential part of the method for determining the risk of developing diffuse alveolar disorder, and may include other steps. Means.
- the detection of the MUC4 gene polymorphism is preferably detection of one or a plurality of single nucleotide polymorphisms existing in exon 2 of the MUC4 gene (base No. 195518368-19550561 of chromosome 3). It is more preferable to detect at least one single nucleotide polymorphism among the single nucleotide polymorphisms of (1) to (6) (hereinafter, rs means a reference SNP ID).
- Method for detecting genetic polymorphism As a method for detecting at least one single nucleotide polymorphism selected from the group consisting of (1) to (6) in the MUC4 gene, a method for replicating or amplifying a nucleic acid, a hybridization method using a probe Any known method generally used as a method for detecting a polymorphism of a nucleic acid sequence, such as a sequencing method or the like, can be used as appropriate.
- the polymorphism of the MUC4 gene can be directly detected by amplifying a nucleic acid fragment containing the position where the polymorphism of the MUC4 gene is present and sequencing the nucleic acid amplification product using a sequencer.
- a PCR method can be suitably exemplified, but the method is not limited to this, and a known method such as a LAMP method, a NASBA method, an LCR method, or an SDA method can be used.
- the polymorphism of the MUC4 gene can also be detected by detecting the hybridization of the TaqMan probe to a specific fragment containing the polymorphism of the MUC4 gene by using the real-time PCR method using the TaqMan probe.
- a forward primer and a reverse primer are used. These primers can be designed based on the DNA sequence at such a position that the polymorphism of the MUC4 gene can be detected. For example, any of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (1) to (6) identified in the present invention can be designed to be sandwiched between the forward primer and the reverse primer. In addition, at least one of the forward primer and the reverse primer can be designed at a position having a single nucleotide polymorphism so as to amplify (or not amplify) only when it has a gene polymorphism.
- the length of the primer is not limited as long as a sufficient DNA amplification fragment can be obtained, and although it depends on the GC content of the sequence to be selected, it is preferably a sequence of about 10 to 100 bases, and a sequence of 10 to 50 bases It is more preferable.
- a portion containing any one or more of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (1) to (6) can be used as a probe.
- the probe can be labeled with a fluorescent substance, a radioactive substance, or the like as necessary.
- the probe is not particularly limited as long as a single nucleotide polymorphism can be detected. That is, as long as the presence or absence of single nucleotide polymorphism can be determined by the presence or absence of probe hybridization or the difference in detection intensity, the length of the probe is not particularly limited, and one or more of the target sequences to be hybridized May be substituted, deleted, or impossible.
- Hybridization conditions can be appropriately determined according to the length of the probe, the GC content, and the like.
- Single nucleotide polymorphism can also be detected by restriction enzyme fragment length polymorphism analysis method (RFlP: Restriction fragment polymorphism) or electrophoresis. Digestion with a restriction enzyme that recognizes and specifically cleaves the sequence including the position of the single nucleotide polymorphism, and detects the presence or absence of cleavage by the restriction enzyme by examining the size of the resulting fragment by electrophoresis Thus, polymorphism can be detected. In addition, single strand conformation polymorphism analysis (SSCP) or capillary electrophoresis can be used.
- RFP Restriction fragment polymorphism analysis method
- electrophoresis Digestion with a restriction enzyme that recognizes and specifically cleaves the sequence including the position of the single nucleotide polymorphism, and detects the presence or absence of cleavage by the restriction enzyme by examining the size of the resulting fragment by electrophoresis
- SSCP single strand conformation polymorphism analysis
- the determination kit for the risk of developing diffuse alveolar disorder is a determination kit containing a reagent used in the above-described method for detecting a polymorphism of the MUC4 gene.
- the reagent is generally used in the above-described method for detecting a genetic polymorphism, and includes commercially available products that can be purchased, synthetic oligo DNA, and the like.
- the determination by the PCR method includes a forward primer and a reverse primer for amplifying a target DNA fragment, four types of deoxynucleoside triphosphates, a DNA polymerase, and the like.
- first, second, etc. may be used to represent various elements, but these elements should not be limited by those terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another, for example, the first element is referred to as the second element, and similarly, the second element is the first element. Can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
- Example 1 A total of 442 patient samples were collected from 30 cooperative medical institutions nationwide, including 262 patients with drug-induced lung injury and 180 patients with interstitial lung disease.
- 180 patients with interstitial lung disease include 141 IPF acute exacerbation patients.
- the following 262 cases are included in the 262 patients with drug-induced lung injury.
- Iressa ILD + Tarceva ILD interstitial lung disease
- Zakori ILD interstitial lung disease due to Zakori
- ⁇ 38 patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) caused by taxotere (hereinafter taxotere ILD)
- exome fastq data for Caucasian (53), Chinese Han (68), Japanese (70) is obtained from the sequence read archive database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra). I got it. All data were mapped to the human genome standard sequence (hg19) by CLC Genomics Workbench (CLC bio). After confirming that 90% or more exon regions were read 10 times or more in each patient, information on gene mutations was obtained by a probabilistic variant detection algorithm.
- the isolated point may be an artifact due to differences in exon supplement efficiency for each kit.
- the points included in the part where the points are gathered like a spire indicate that there is a frequency difference in the polymorphism between both groups in a wide chromosomal region. , Likely to indicate a true association.
- Example 2-2 ⁇ Identification of gene polymorphism> Only polymorphisms showing a significant P value in ⁇ Related analysis> in Example 2-1 were selected, and the international frequencies were compared.
- the following epidemiological data are known for Iressa ILD and Tarceva ILD.
- the incidence in Japanese is about 4%.
- the onset frequency in Westerners is 1/10 or less that of Japanese.
- the incidence in Chinese is less than the incidence in Japanese.
- the probability P can be taken as the probability that each polymorphism matches the epidemiological data.
- the results are shown in FIG. As a result of investigating the gene function and gene expression site to which all of the points of P> 0.1 or more in FIG. (The position indicated by the arrow in FIG. 2).
- Example 2-3 ⁇ Identification of gene polymorphism in MUC4> All mutations in the MUC4 gene region were identified by the same method as in ⁇ Exome analysis> in Example 1.
- Example 2-4 ⁇ Correlation between genetic polymorphism and disease> The polymorphism frequencies were verified for rs6805660 and rs622282486, which showed the strongest associations. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Ref / Ref is a homozygous human standard sequence
- Alt / Alt is a homozygous mutant sequence
- Ref / Alt is a heterozygous.
- Exon 2 is a variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) region of MUC4.
- VNTR variable number of tandem repeat
- Example 4 ⁇ Taxotere ILD patient and Zakori ILD patient> Furthermore, polymorphism frequencies in rs6805660 and rs622282486 were also verified in 15 Taxotere ILD patients and 2 Zakori ILD patients in the same manner as in Example 2-4 ⁇ Correlation between gene polymorphism and disease>. The results are shown in Table 3.
- Taxotere ILD patients ie, patients who developed diffuse alveolar damage as described in Example 1
- all patients had a mutant sequence of rs6805660.
- All patients except for rs622282486 also had the mutant sequence homozygously. That is, 100% (15/15) of the patients with diffuse alveolar disorder caused by these drugs have the rs6805660 mutant sequence, and about 93% (14/15) have the rs622282486 mutant sequence.
- 100% (15/15) of the patients with diffuse alveolar disorder caused by these drugs have the rs6805660 mutant sequence, and about 93% (14/15) have the rs622282486 mutant sequence.
- the disorder may be due to a very strong correlation with a given genetic polymorphism, regardless of the mechanism of action of the drug. Therefore, the determination method of the present invention will be an extremely useful means for determining the risk of developing diffuse alveolar disorders for any anticancer drug or drug in general. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the patient from dying ironically by an anticancer agent that should be administered for the purpose of saving the lives of cancer patients.
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Abstract
Description
(1)rs150551454(染色体3番、塩基番号195507491番目の塩基におけるC/T多型)、
(2)rs62282480(染色体3番、塩基番号195510749番目の塩基におけるC/A多型)、
(3)rs2911272(染色体3番、塩基番号195510773番目の塩基におけるA/G多型)、
(4)rs413807(染色体3番、塩基番号195510827番目の塩基におけるC/T多型)、
(5)rs6805660(染色体3番、塩基番号195512042番目の塩基におけるT/C多型)、および、
(6)rs62282486(染色体3番、塩基配列195512245番目の塩基におけるT/C多型)
より選択される少なくとも一つの一塩基多型であり得る。
(5)rs6805660(染色体3番、塩基番号195512042番目の塩基におけるT/C多型)、
(6)rs62282486(染色体3番、塩基配列195512245番目の塩基におけるT/C多型)
の一塩基多型であり得る。
びまん性肺胞障害(DAD:diffuse alveolar damage)は、その最も特徴的な症状の一つとして、肺全体がただれた状態になる。
(1)照射野以外の肺に広範に広がる放射線肺臓炎
(2)肺線維症合併患者への抗癌剤投与や手術後に見られる急速進行性間質性肺炎(RPIP:rapid progressive interstitial pneumonia)
(3)皮膚筋炎患者に見られる致死性急速進行性間質性肺炎、
(4)特発性肺線維症(IPF:idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis)以外の間質性肺炎患者に見られる急速進行性間質性肺炎、
(5)急性呼吸窮迫症候群(ARDS:acute respiratory distress syndrome)。
上述のとおり、びまん性肺胞障害は、抗癌剤によって引き起こされ得る。そのような抗癌剤の具体例としては、ゲフィチニブ(商品名:イレッサ等)、エルロチニブ(商品名:タルセバ等)、クリゾチニブ(商品名:ザーコリ等)、ゲムシタビン、イリノテカン、ペメトレキセド(商品名:アリムタ等)、および、ドセタキセル(商品名:タキソテール等)などを挙げることができるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
分子標的薬とは、腫瘍の増殖、浸潤、転移に関わる分子を標的にして、その分子を阻害することにより、腫瘍の増殖等を抑制する抗癌剤である。大きく分けると低分子化合物とモノクローナル抗体に分類される。低分子化合物である分子標的薬は、さらに細かく、チロシンキナーゼ阻害剤、Rafキナーゼ阻害薬、TNF-α阻害剤、および、プロテアソーム阻害剤に分類される。
チロシンキナーゼ阻害剤としては、上記のゲフィチニブ、エルロチニブ、および、クリゾチニブの他、例えば、イマチニブ、ダサチニブ、バンデタニブ、スニチニブ、ラパチニブ、および、ニロチニブなどが知られている。ゲフィチニブおよびエルロチニブは、ともに、上皮成長因子受容体のチロシンキナーゼを選択的に阻害し、シグナル伝達を遮断することにより腫瘍の増殖等を抑制する抗癌剤として知られている。クリゾチニブは、受容体型チロシンキナーゼである未分化リンパ種キナーゼ(ALK)のチロシンキナーゼ活性を阻害することにより、腫瘍の増殖等を抑制する抗癌剤として知られている。
代謝拮抗剤は核酸塩基アナログ(類似体)であり、DNA鎖に取り込まれることにより、DNA鎖の伸長を停止させたり、DNA鎖を切断したりすることにより、腫瘍の増殖等を抑制する抗癌剤である。ゲムシタビンは核酸塩基シチジンのアナログであり、DNA鎖に取り込まれて別の核酸塩基が1つ付くと、DNA鎖の伸長が停止する。イリノテカンは、植物アルカロイドの一種であるカンプトテカンの誘導体であり、トポイソメラーゼIによる一本鎖DNA切断後の再結合を阻害して腫瘍の増殖等を抑制する抗癌剤である。ペメトレキセドは、葉酸に分子構造が類似している葉酸代謝拮抗剤であり、チミジル酸生成酵素、ジヒドロフォレート還元酵素、および、グリシンアミドリボヌクレオチド・ホルミル基転移酵素を阻害することにより、プリンおよびピリミジン・ヌクレオチド前駆体の合成を阻害する。
微小管の脱重合を阻害することにより腫瘍の増殖等を抑制する抗癌剤である。細胞分裂の際に形成される分裂装置の主体である微小管に結合し、微小管が脱重合してチューブリンに戻るのを阻害して微小管を安定化・過剰形成させることにより、細胞周期をG2/M期で停止させて細胞分裂を阻害するものである。代表的なものとして、ドセタキセルやパクリタキセルがある。
特発性肺線維症(IPF:idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis)は、厚生労働省特定疾患(難病)のうちの一つであり、慢性的に肺が崩壊し、呼吸不全、感染症、急性増悪などにより死亡する、慢性疾患である。IPF患者のうち、1/3は慢性であった病態が突然変わり、急速に進行する呼吸不全を起こして死亡する。これが特発性肺線維症の急性増悪(IPF AE)である。死亡率は70%と非常に高い。また、IPF患者に対して抗癌剤の投与や、放射線治療、外科手術などを施した場合に、高率にIPF AEを起こして死亡することが知られている。
本発明の判定方法は、びまん性肺胞障害の発症リスクの判定方法として、MUC4遺伝子に存在する少なくとも一種の遺伝子多型を検出することによる判定方法である。
(2)rs62282480(染色体3番、塩基番号195510749番目の塩基におけるC/A多型)
(3)rs2911272(染色体3番、塩基番号195510773番目の塩基におけるA/G多型)
(4)rs413807(染色体3番、塩基番号195510827番目の塩基におけるC/T多型)
(5)rs6805660(染色体3番、塩基番号195512042番目の塩基におけるT/C多型)
(6)rs62282486(染色体3番、塩基配列195512245番目の塩基におけるT/C多型)
MUC4遺伝子において、上記(1)から(6)よりなる群より選択された少なくとも一つの一塩基多型を検出するための方法としては、核酸を複製又は増幅する方法、プローブを用いたハイブリダイゼーション法やシークエンス法など、核酸配列の多型を検出する方法として一般的に用いられている公知の方法を適宜用いることができる。
プライマーの長さは、十分なDNA増幅断片が得られれば良く、選択する配列のGC含量などにもよるが、10~100塩基程度の配列であることが好ましく、10~50塩基の配列であることがより好ましい。
本発明において、びまん性肺胞障害の発症リスクの判定キットとは、上述したMUC4遺伝子の多型を検出するための方法に用いられる試薬を含む判定キットである。試薬とは、上記の遺伝子多型の検出方法において一般的に用いられるものであり、市販され購入可能のものや、合成オリゴDNAなどを含む。例えば、PCR法による判定の場合は、目的とするDNA断片を増幅するためのフォワードプライマーおよびリバースプライマー、4種類のデオキシヌクレオシド三リン酸、DNAポリメラーゼなどを含む。
<患者検体>
全国30の協力医療機関より、薬剤性肺障害とされた患者262例および間質性肺疾患とされた180例の合計442例の患者検体を収集した。
ここで、間質性肺疾患とされた患者180例には、IPF急性増悪患者141例を含む。
また、薬剤性肺障害とされた患者262例には、以下の症例を含む。
・イレッサまたはタルセバによる間質性肺疾患(ILD)(以下、「イレッサILD+タルセバILD」)患者49例、
・ザーコリによる間質性肺疾患(ILD)(以下、ザーコリILD)患者3例、
・タキソテールによる間質性肺疾患(ILD)(以下、タキソテールILD)患者38例
上記442例のうち、患者データ+患者画像を279例収集して診断の確認を行った。そのうち、診断確実例のうち劇症例や死亡例(びまん性肺胞障害を発症した患者であると考えられる。)を中心に、ヒト全遺伝子コード領域シークエンス解析(エキソーム解析)を98名(「イレッサILD+タルセバILD」患者36名、IPF急性増悪患者45名、ザーコリILD患者2名、タキソテールILD患者15名)に対して施行した。
上記180215の多型全てについて、「イレッサILD+タルセバILD」患者合計36名と、一般日本人70名との間における関連解析を行った。結果を図1に示す。Bonferroniの補正を行い、P値が0.001/180215以下のものを有意とした。
実施例2-1の<関連解析>において有意なP値を示した多型のみを選択し、国際頻度の比較をした。
(1)日本人での発症頻度は約4%である。
(2)西洋人での発症頻度は日本人の1/10以下である。
(3)中国人での発症頻度は日本人の発症頻度以下である。
・日本人の遺伝子保有者頻度が4%以上の確率(P1)
・西洋人での遺伝子保有頻度が日本人の1/10以下の確率(P2)
・中国人での遺伝子保有頻度が日本人以下の確率(P3)
を、実施例1において得られた日本人(70名)、コーカシアン(53名)、中国漢人(68名)についてのエキソームデータより計算し、すべてを満たす確率P(P1×P2×P3)を算出した。
図2におけるP>0.1以上の点全てに関して、所属する遺伝子機能および遺伝子発現部位を検討した結果、肺で発現しており、間質性肺疾患と関連があり得る機能を有する遺伝子はMUC4(図2中、矢印で示した位置)のみであった。
実施例1の<エキソーム解析>と同様の手法により、MUC4遺伝子領域における全ての変異を特定した。
エクソン2の中で特に関連の強い位置は、rs150551454(塩基番号195507491)、rs62282480(塩基番号195510749)、rs2911272(塩基番号195510773)、rs413807(塩基番号195510827)、rs6805660(塩基番号195512042)、および、rs62282486(塩基配列195512245)であった。その中でも、極めて関連の強い位置は、rs6805660(塩基番号195512042)およびrs62282486(塩基配列195512245)であった。
最も強い関連が示されたrs6805660およびrs62282486についての多型頻度を検証した。その結果を表1に示す。表1において、Ref/Refはヒトゲノム標準配列のホモ接合、Alt/Altは変異配列のホモ接合、Ref/Altはヘテロ接合を示す。
エクソン2の中で極めて関連の強い位置は、rs6805660(塩基番号195512042)およびrs62282486(塩基配列195512245)であった。
さらに、実施例2-4<遺伝子多型と疾患との相関関係>と同様の方法により、タキソテールILD患者15名およびザーコリILD患者2名についても、rs6805660およびrs62282486における多型頻度を検証した。結果を表3に示す。
以上のとおり、本件発明者らが鋭意研究の結果、「イレッサILD+タルセバILD」患者、タキソテールILD患者、ザーコリILD患者、IPF急性増悪患者であって、びまん性肺胞障害に罹患した患者は、それ以外のポピュレーションとは全く異なり、極めて高い確率で、MUC4遺伝子に所定の遺伝子多型を有していることが、発見された。
Claims (13)
- びまん性肺胞障害の発症リスクの判定方法であって、
MUC4遺伝子に存在する遺伝子多型を検出することを含む
判定方法。 - 請求項1に記載の判定方法であって、
前記「MUC4遺伝子に存在する遺伝子多型」が、前記MUC4遺伝子のエクソン2に存在する遺伝子多型であること
を特徴とする判定方法。 - 請求項2に記載の判定方法であって、
前記検出する遺伝子多型が、下記の(1)から(6)よりなる群より選択される少なくとも一つの一塩基多型;
(1)rs150551454(染色体3番、塩基番号195507491番目の塩基におけるC/T多型)、
(2)rs62282480(染色体3番、塩基番号195510749番目の塩基におけるC/A多型)、
(3)rs2911272(染色体3番、塩基番号195510773番目の塩基におけるA/G多型)、
(4)rs413807(染色体3番、塩基番号195510827番目の塩基におけるC/T多型)、
(5)rs6805660(染色体3番、塩基番号195512042番目の塩基におけるT/C多型)、および、
(6)rs62282486(染色体3番、塩基配列195512245番目の塩基におけるT/C多型)、
であること
を特徴とする判定方法。 - 請求項2に記載の判定方法であって、
前記検出する遺伝子多型が、下記の(5)および(6)の一塩基多型;
(5)rs6805660(染色体3番、塩基番号195512042番目の塩基におけるT/C多型)、
(6)rs62282486(染色体3番、塩基配列195512245番目の塩基におけるT/C多型)、
を含むこと
を特徴とする判定方法。 - 請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の判定方法であって、
前記びまん性肺胞障害が、薬剤の投与に起因すること
を特徴とする判定方法。 - 請求項5に記載の判定方法であって、
前記薬剤が、抗癌剤であること
を特徴とする判定方法。 - 請求項6に記載の判定方法であって、
前記抗癌剤が、分子標的薬、代謝拮抗剤、および、微小管脱重合阻害薬からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種であること
を特徴とする判定方法。 - 請求項6に記載の判定方法であって、
前記抗癌剤が、ゲフィチニブ、エルロチニブ、クリゾチニブ、ゲムシタビン、イリノテカン、ペメトレキセド、および、ドセタキセルからなる群より選択されるいずれか一種であること
を特徴とする判定方法。 - 請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の判定方法であって、
前記びまん性肺胞障害が、特発性肺線維症の急性増悪に起因すること
を特徴とする判定方法。 - 抗癌剤療法の副作用の発症リスクを判定する方法であって、
抗癌剤の投与が予定される患者における、MUC4遺伝子に存在する遺伝子多型を検出することを含む
方法。 - 請求項10に記載の方法であって、
前記副作用が、びまん性肺胞障害であること
を特徴とする方法。 - 請求項10に記載の方法であって、
前記抗癌剤が、ゲフィチニブ、エルロチニブ、クリゾチニブ、ゲムシタビン、イリノテカン、ペメトレキセド、および、ドセタキセルからなる群より選択されるいずれか一種であること
を特徴とする方法。 - MUC4遺伝子に存在する遺伝子多型を検出するための、びまん性肺胞障害の発症リスクの判定用キット。
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CN105008550B (zh) | 2018-03-30 |
JP6346604B2 (ja) | 2018-06-20 |
US20160002734A1 (en) | 2016-01-07 |
CN105008550A (zh) | 2015-10-28 |
EP2963126B1 (en) | 2019-04-03 |
JPWO2014133055A1 (ja) | 2017-02-02 |
EP2963126A1 (en) | 2016-01-06 |
US9873920B2 (en) | 2018-01-23 |
EP2963126A4 (en) | 2016-08-10 |
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