WO2014122424A1 - Polariseur haute transmission - Google Patents

Polariseur haute transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014122424A1
WO2014122424A1 PCT/GB2014/050184 GB2014050184W WO2014122424A1 WO 2014122424 A1 WO2014122424 A1 WO 2014122424A1 GB 2014050184 W GB2014050184 W GB 2014050184W WO 2014122424 A1 WO2014122424 A1 WO 2014122424A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
polariser
light
partially
polarising
transmittance
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2014/050184
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Simon Robert WELLS
Original Assignee
Wells Simon Robert
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB1302020.1A external-priority patent/GB201302020D0/en
Priority claimed from GB201319420A external-priority patent/GB201319420D0/en
Application filed by Wells Simon Robert filed Critical Wells Simon Robert
Publication of WO2014122424A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014122424A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/281—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for attenuating light intensity, e.g. comprising rotatable polarising elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high transmittance polariser, with particular, but by no means exclusive, reference to linear, circular and elliptical polarisers and their use in vehicles to reduce dazzle from vehicle headlights.
  • a polariser is an optical filter which only permits the passage of light of a specific polarisation. Light waves not of the specific polarisation are blocked.
  • a polariser can be used to convert a beam of light of mixed polarisation into a beam of light with well-defined polarisation.
  • polarisers are linear polarisers and rotating (e.g. circular or elliptical) polarisers.
  • Linear polarisers can be absorptive or beam-splitting.
  • a known type of absorptive polariser is J-Sheet, which is herapathite, an iodoquinine sulphate, buried in a nitrocellulose polymer film.
  • a linear polarising material known as H-sheet is made from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) plastic with an iodine doping. During manufacture, the sheets are stretched causing the polymer chains to align to form an array of linear molecules. The iodine dopant is attached to the PVA molecules and makes them conducting along the length of the chains. Valence electrons from the iodine are able to move along the chains, but not traverse them. Any light which is polarised parallel to the chains is absorbed by the sheet and light polarised perpendicular to the chains is transmitted.
  • Rotating polarisers can be used to create clockwise or anti-clockwise circularly polarised light and to absorb or pass clockwise or anti-clockwise circularly polarised light.
  • the most common way to create circularly polarised light is to place a quarter-wave plate after a linear polariser with light first passing through the linear polariser. The polarised light leaving the linear polariser is transformed into circularly polarised light by the quarter-wave plate.
  • the most common form of a circular polariser is PVA film, or a glass coating, used with a quarter wave retarder.
  • Polarisers have previously been suggested in documents such as GB365507 and GB2287005 to deal with the problem of glare from vehicle lights by applying them to headlamps and windscreens to reduce this glare.
  • Known circular filters or polarisers can be used to remove glare from oncoming vehicles. However they are currently at 42% efficient to unpolarised light and 99.9% efficient to orthogonal (or crossed) polarised light, the orthogonal transmittance being only 0.1 %. This poses two problems, particularly in the field of transport. Firstly, the transmittance of ambient (i.e. unpolarised) light is reduced to 42% which causes visibility problems when looking through the windscreen in low light conditions. Secondly the 99.9% efficiency of the orthogonal (or crossed) polarisation creates too great a reduction in the perceived direct light output of the oncoming headlight.
  • the present invention provides polarisers according to the appended claims.
  • the present invention also provides a vehicle screen, a visor, spectacles, an IR imaging device, a mirror, a headlight and a vehicle according to the appended claims.
  • the partially polarising element has one or more apertures formed therein which allow the passage of unpolarised light therethrough.
  • the apertures may be holes or slots.
  • the polariser includes a retarder and a linear polariser as the partially polarising element
  • apertures are formed in the linear polariser although it is possible to additionally provide apertures on the retarder.
  • apertures on the retarder are in register with corresponding apertures on the linear polariser.
  • a dopant may be applied to the partially polarising element in a desired pattern so that one can determine where ambient (unpolarised) light can pass through.
  • the partially polarising element is stretched during manufacture to interrupt the polarising properties of the partially polarising element.
  • the stretching may be controlled to control the cross sectional thickness of the partially polarising element.
  • the polarising efficiency and transmittance of dye-containing polyolefins such as polyethylene are controlled by controlling the draw ratio (Y. Dirix, Ph. D.
  • the structure of the partially polarising element can be selected according to the desired purpose.
  • the structure of the partially polarising element can be selected to provide a circular polariser which is well suited for use in vehicles to reduce dazzle from headlights whilst still allowing sufficient ambient light to pass through the circular polariser for the driver to be able to properly observe his or her surroundings.
  • the regions of the partially polarising element which are substantially transparent to unpolarised light are distributed randomly across the surface area of the partially polarising element.
  • the regions of the partially polarising element which are substantially transparent to unpolarised light are distributed in a desired pattern.
  • the regions of the partially polarising element which are substantially transparent to unpolarised light are varied across the surface area of the partially polarising element.
  • the circular polariser may be relatively transparent to unpolarised light (i.e., have a transmittance that exceeds 42% and preferably exceeds 50%) in certain regions, and not others. This will be of particular use when applied to a vehicle's windscreen so that in the periphery of the driver's view is through a portion of the circular polariser that transmits more ambient, unpolarised light. This enhances the driver's ability to see the sides of the road whilst not being dazzled by the lights of an oncoming vehicle.
  • the partially polarising element is a linear polariser.
  • the linear polariser may be a polymeric film, optionally a doped polymeric film.
  • a preferred but non-limiting embodiment is a doped PVA film.
  • Doped polyolefin sheets such as doped polyethylenes, may be used.
  • dopants include iodine and dyes, such as di-azo dyes.
  • the polarisers of the invention may transmit polarised light in the visible and/or the infra-red (IR) regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
  • the visible region corresponds to the 380nm - 740nm wavelength range
  • the IR region corresponds to the 740nm - 1000 micron wavelength range.
  • the IR region includes the near-IR (0.74 - 1 .4 micron), short-wavelength IR (1.4 - 3 micron), mid-wavelength IR (3 - 8 micron), long-wavelength IR (8 - 15 micron), and far IR (15 - 1000 micron) regions.
  • a polariser of the invention may transmit in any one of these regions of the IR, or across a number of these IR regions.
  • the polariser transmits light in the near-IR region.
  • the polariser may transmit light in both the visible and near-IR regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
  • the invention will find particular use on or in screens of vehicles as the problem of dazzle is associated with road vehicles in particular.
  • the screen may be the windscreen of the vehicle, although the invention can be used in conjunction with rear screens and side screens.
  • the invention is particularly suited to automobiles, although the invention may be used in connection with other kinds of vehicles such as airplanes, ships and trains.
  • the circular or elliptical polariser may be retro-fitted to existing vehicle windscreens.
  • most windscreens are already tinted and applying a filter to a tinted windscreen could render the windscreen too dark.
  • a separate tint treatment is generally unnecessary because the polariser of the invention acts as a tint.
  • an IR imaging device is provided with a circular or elliptical polariser of the invention which transmits polarised IR light.
  • the IR imaging device may be a camera having an array of IR-sensitive sensors.
  • the circular or elliptical polariser is retro-fitted to a visor of a helmet, such as a motorcycle safety helmet.
  • the circular or elliptical polariser is made integral with the visor.
  • the circular or elliptical polariser is incorporated into spectacles.
  • the driver of a vehicle can wear these spectacles instead of having the filter in or on a windscreen or visor.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle including a windscreen having a polariser as described above and, optionally, a headlight having a polariser which outputs light of the opposite handedness.
  • the polariser associated with the headlamp may be a conventional circular or elliptical polariser or a circular or elliptical polariser of the invention.
  • the circular or elliptical polariser associated with the windscreen can be placed on the inside or outside of the windscreen, or made as an integral part of the windscreen.
  • the circular or elliptical polariser includes a linear polariser and a retarder, with the retarder being closest to the exterior of the windscreen.
  • the circular or elliptical polariser In order for the circular or elliptical polariser to achieve its purpose it must receive polarised light from an oncoming vehicle's headlamp(s). To achieve this, a circular or elliptical polariser is placed near to a headlamp.
  • the circular or elliptical polariser includes a linear polariser and a retarder placed near a headlamp with the linear polariser being closest to the headlamp.
  • the circular or elliptical polariser associated with the headlamp needs to produce light of the opposite handedness to the handedness of the light which is preferentially passed by the circular or elliptical polariser of the invention used on or in a windscreen, visor, glasses etc.
  • the circular or elliptical polariser can be placed on the cover of the headlamp or made as an integral part of the headlamp cover.
  • the vehicle may include fog lights provided with a linear or elliptical polariser oriented such that the reflected light from the water droplets in fog is blocked by the circular or elliptical polariser of the windscreen. This results in light from the fog lights, which is reflected by fog, being blocked by the windscreen.
  • the bandwidth of the fog light source, the polariser associated with the fog light source and the polariser of the windscreen may be a narrow bandwidth to increase the transmittance of ambient (unpolarised) light.
  • the fog lights are provided with a linear polariser orientated at approximately 45 degrees to the linear polariser in the circular or elliptical polariser associated with the windscreen. Tests have shown that it is only reflected light from the water droplets that behave in this manner. The same fog light viewed through a windscreen of an oncoming vehicle is unaffected by the water droplet, and the fog light is not blocked.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle including:
  • an IR imaging device having a polariser according to the invention attached to or incorporated therein which transmits IR light of a defined handedness incident thereon with a first efficiency, and transmits light of the opposite handedness incident thereon with a second efficiency in which the second efficiency is substantially lower than the first efficiency; and, optionally, at least one headlight and/or IR projection device having a polariser attached to or incorporated therein so that the headlight and/or the IR projection device outputs IR light of the opposite handedness.
  • the IR 'dazzle' may be caused by IR light from oncoming headlights and/or IR light from IR projection devices on oncoming vehicles.
  • the polariser used in a screen, visor or mirror of the invention includes a linear polariser which blocks horizontally polarised light.
  • a linear polariser which blocks horizontally polarised light.
  • sunlight reflected from surfaces such as wet road surfaces and reflective vehicle bodywork is blocked.
  • ambient light passing through the screen, visor or reflecting from the mirror of the invention would not be blocked by polarised sunglasses worn by, e.g., the driver of a vehicle.
  • an IR imaging system including;
  • an IR imaging device having a circular or elliptical IR polariser attached to or incorporated therein which transmits IR light of a defined handedness incidents thereon with a first efficiency, and transmits light of the opposite handedness incident thereon with a second efficiency, in which the second efficiency is substantially lower than the first efficiency;
  • a vehicle having at least one headlight and/or IR projection device having a circular or elliptical IR polariser attached to or incorporated therein so that the headlight and/or the IR projection device outputs IR light of the opposite handedness.
  • the second efficiency may be 0% or close to 0%.
  • the IR imaging device comprises part of the vehicle itself.
  • the IR imaging device may be differently provided, for example as a visor, spectacles, or other device worn by an occupant of the vehicle.
  • the circular or elliptical IR polarisers each include an IR retarder and an IR linear polariser.
  • Figure 1 shows three possible perforation patterns applied to a linear polariser
  • Figure 2 shows a linear polariser material having four possible dopant patterns
  • Figure 3 shows a linear material, which has been stretched intermittently to produce an interruption pattern
  • Figure 4 shows a) a linear material which has been fully stretched and b) a linear material which has been stretched incompletely;
  • Figure 5 shows a pattern with decreasing density, when viewed from top to bottom, which is applied to a linear polariser
  • Figure 6 shows performance envelopes for, on the left-hand side, a prior art linear polariser and, on the right-hand side, a linear polariser of the invention
  • Figure 7 shows performance envelopes for, on the left-hand side, a prior art circular polariser and, on the right-hand side a circular polariser of the invention
  • Figure 8 shows the locations and orientation of circular polarisers in the headlight cover and the windscreen of vehicles.
  • Figure 9 shows spectral transmission properties for a band-pass linear polariser.
  • the invention includes a number of methods for preparing linear, circular and elliptical polarisers which, in addition to providing a desired polarising effect, also permit the passage of desired proportions of unpolarised light and/or light of the opposite polarisation state to the polarisation state primarily passed by the polariser. Typically, these effects are produced by suitable modification or production of a linear polariser. Circular and elliptical polarisers can be produced by combining a linear polariser of this type with a suitable retarder.
  • the invention is not limited in this regard, and it is possible to apply the techniques described herein to retarders and other polarising elements.
  • the invention finds particular utility in the reduction of glare through vehicle screens caused by headlights. However, the invention is not limited in this regard either.
  • Figure 1 shows a linear polariser having three possible perforation patterns.
  • the perforations can be made by any suitable method such as etching, drilling, or by laser.
  • the perforations will allow the passage of all light.
  • Figure 2 shows a linear polariser having four possible dopant patterns. The areas of the film having dopant applied will act as a linear polariser. The areas where no dopant is applied will allow passage of all light.
  • the approach is suitable with polarisers such as H sheet which employ a dopant to provide a polarising effect.
  • Polarising materials such as H-Sheet are stretched during manufacture to provide a molecular alignment which gives rise to the polarising properties.
  • Figure 3 shows a linear polariser material which has been stretched intermittently to produce an interruption pattern. The stretched regions are indicated by straight lines. Light falling on these lines will be polarised. Unstretched regions are shown in Figure 3 by dotted lines, and will allow the passage of all light. Intermittent stretching can be achieved using conventional manufacturing and processing equipment for sheet material, such as rollers, wheels and pinch rollers.
  • a further way of patterning a linear material to have selected regions which have a polarising effect is to use electric and/or magnetic fields which are applied intermittently during the manufacturing process. This can produce the same response pattern as shown in Figure 3. Light falling on regions which the applied electric/magnetic fields have caused to align will be polarised. Non- aligned regions allow the passage of all light.
  • Figure 4 shows a linear material in which the stretch has been halted before optimum polarisation has been reached. A greater percentage of all light will therefore be passed.
  • Figure 4a shows a standard polariser where the stretch is complete and the molecules are fully aligned.
  • Y. Dirix, Ph.D. Thesis, ibid for a further discussion of the control of stretching during manufacture.
  • Linear polarisers can be produced by placing a polarising coating over an essentially transparent substrate such as a glass substrate.
  • a polarising coating By applying the polarising coating to selected regions of the substrate it is possible to provide a polariser of the invention.
  • a polariser is produced by adding a dopant during manufacture.
  • concentration of dopant used is deliberately sub-optimal in terms of producing a polarising effect. This might be achieved by using relatively dilute solutions containing the dopant.
  • a relatively high proportion of unpolarised light is transmitted by the polariser.
  • the skilled reader will appreciate that the proportion of unpolarised light transmitted can be varied by varying the concentration of the dopant.
  • Figure 5 shows a pattern, which varies in density across the polariser material.
  • the pattern has decreasing density moving from the top to the bottom of the polariser material.
  • the pattern may be made by perforations or by a dopant or by any other suitable method.
  • the light coloured portions can be holes, areas of dopant or the dark area can be where dopant has been applied and the light areas have been masked to prevent dopant being applied.
  • Figure 9 shows the spectral transmission properties of a band-pass type linear polariser.
  • the band-pass linear polariser is configured to pass light of wavelength in the range 570-590nm with high efficiency.
  • the lower curve shown in Figure 9 represents the degree of polarisation of light passing through the polariser as a function of wavelength.
  • the transmission of light approaches 100%, and a very large proportion of the transmitted light is not in a defined linear polarisation state. Accordingly, the degree of polarisation approaches zero.
  • Any polarisers of this type can be incorporated into circular or elliptical polarisers which are configured to transmit light of a defined handedness, but block light of the opposite handedness.
  • circular or elliptical polarisers incorporating linear polarisers having spectral properties shown in Figure 9 will perform this role outside of the band-pass region.
  • the effective frequency bandwidth of the light source, its associated polariser and the analysing circular or elliptical polariser may be the defined narrow bandwidth within the visible spectrum, thus allowing a greater transmittance of ambient (unpolarised light).
  • narrow band pass frequencies typically Red 620-750nm, Green 495-570nm and Blue 450- 495nm. Further these bands may be subdivided to allow a limited frequency of Red, Green and Blue to be transmitted with high efficiency.
  • Circular or elliptical polarisers utilising a linear element of this type find particular (but non-limiting) utility in systems in vehicles for enhancing a driver's perception of ambient light whilst reducing glare from headlights.
  • the headlight is arranged to produce light with a defined intensity in the same or excluded band pass frequencies. Such systems are described below.
  • Figure 6 shows performance envelope comparisons for a standard prior art polariser (left-hand side of Figure 6) compared to a high transmittance polariser of the invention (right-hand side of Figure 6).
  • the performance data shown on the left-hand side of Figure 6 are for a prior art polariser XP42, with an average single transmission of 42 +/- 2%, and a cross transmission (DP) average of less than 0.004%, and a polarising efficiency of greater than 99.8%.
  • the performance data shown on the right-hand side of Figure 6 are in relation to a high transmittance polariser of the invention having a surface area comprising 50% perforations (or any other structure according to the invention which provides equivalent transmission characteristics with respect to unpolarised light).
  • the average light transmittance for ambience light is raised from 42% in the prior art to 71 %, and the DP transmittance is raised from less than 1 % to 50% with the polariser of the invention.
  • the characteristics of the polariser of the invention such as the proportion of the surface area of the polariser which is perforated, can be easily varied in order to fine tune the transmission characteristics of the polariser to any given application.
  • Figure 7 shows the performance envelopes for a prior art circular polariser (left-hand side), and a high transmittance circular polariser of the invention (right-hand side).
  • the prior art circular polariser is of the CP42 type comprising a linear polariser of the kind described in relation to Figure 6 in combination with a quarter wave plate.
  • the circular polariser of the invention comprises a linear polariser of the invention of the type described in relation to Figure 6 in combination with a quarter wave plate.
  • the prior art circular polariser has a single transmittance average of 42 +/- 2%, a cross transmittance (DP) average of less than 0.04% and a polarising efficiency of greater than 99.98%.
  • the circular polariser of the invention has a higher average transmittance for ambient light of 71 %, and the average cross transmittance is raised from less than 1 % with the prior art circular polariser to 50%. This value is independent of orientation.
  • the cross transmittance is a measure of the transmittance of the circular polariser with respect to circularly polarised light having the opposite handedness to light of the handedness which the circular polariser is primarily is intended to transmit.
  • Figure 8 shows arrangements for reducing the dazzling effect of vehicle headlights by incorporating circular polarisers in the headlights and the windscreens of vehicles.
  • the topmost part of Figure 8 shows an arrangement in which prior art circular polarisers are used.
  • a prior art circular polariser is used as a headlight cover to ensure that light emanating from the headlight is of a defined polarisation (right-hand (RH) polarisation as shown in Figure 8).
  • RH right-hand
  • the windscreen of an oncoming vehicle incorporates a prior art circular polariser which in this example is configured to transmit left-hand (LH) polarised light.
  • Figure 8 shows an arrangement of the invention, in which the headlight cover includes a RH circular polariser of the invention, and the windscreen of the oncoming vehicle includes a LH circular polariser of the invention.
  • the circular polariser of the invention used in the headlight cover passes 20% non-polarised light
  • the circular polariser of the invention used in the windscreen passes 65% ambient light .
  • These performance values can be achieved by using a suitable linear polariser in combination with a quarter wave plate.
  • the circular polariser used with the headlight cover can be produced by incorporation of a linear polariser having perforations which correspond to 20% of its surface area.
  • the circular polariser of the invention used with the windscreen can be produced by incorporating a linear polariser having perforations which correspond to 40% of its surface area in combination with a quarter wave plate.
  • a linear polariser having 40% perforations will also result in substantial transmission (40%) of RH polarised light.
  • the 40% perforations which transmit ambient light with close to 100% transmittance, the amount of ambient light passed through the windscreen is increased, enabling the driver to be better aware of his/her surroundings.
  • the intensity of oncoming headlights is still reduced compared to normal arrangements which do not employ polarisers.
  • the polarising element of the rotating polariser fitted to the front of the headlights may be further extended in bandwidth to operate in the near-IR range.
  • a rotating polariser of the opposite handedness with a polarising element also extending into the near-IR range can be placed in front of the image capturing portion of an IR imaging system, typically a multi- sensor array, fitted in an oncoming vehicle. This arrangement acts as an antidazzle system for the IR imaging system, and alleviates problems associated with 'headlight blooming'. Headlight blooming is a problem associated with some prior art IR night vision imaging systems.
  • a near-IR rotating polariser can be fitted to the front of an IR lighting system which is used to project a beam of IR light ahead of vehicles fitted with some IR night vision imaging systems.
  • IR LEDs may be used in order to project the beam of IR light.
  • the associated IR imaging system can be provided with a rotating polariser of the opposite handedness which operates in the IR region. This approach can be used to alleviate the problems associated with IR 'dazzle' caused by oncoming IR lighting. It will be apparent to the skilled reader that in these embodiments it is not necessary for the polarisers to transmit in the visible region.
  • the desired characteristics can be produced using other kinds of polarisers of the invention.
  • the transmittance of the circular polarisers to unpolarised light (and to circularly polarised light of the "other" handedness) can be varied to achieve a desired effect.
  • the properties of the polarisers of the invention used in both the headlight cover and the windscreen can be varied.
  • it is not essential that the circular polariser used in the headlight cover is a polariser of the invention.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Selon cette invention, un polariseur circulaire ou elliptique comprend au moins un élément de polarisation partielle présentant une structure conçue de sorte que le polariseur i) transmette de manière circulaire ou elliptique la lumière polarisée d'un côté défini à une transmittance proche de 100 %, ii) transmette de manière circulaire ou elliptique la lumière polarisée du côté opposé à une transmittance qui est sensiblement supérieure à 0 % et iii) transmette la lumière non polarisée à une transmittance qui dépasse 42 % et de préférence dépasse 50 %.
PCT/GB2014/050184 2013-02-05 2014-01-24 Polariseur haute transmission WO2014122424A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB1302020.1A GB201302020D0 (en) 2013-02-05 2013-02-05 High transmittance polariser
GB1302020.1 2013-02-05
GB1319420.4 2013-11-04
GB201319420A GB201319420D0 (en) 2013-11-04 2013-11-04 High transmittance polariser

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014122424A1 true WO2014122424A1 (fr) 2014-08-14

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3163499A1 (fr) * 2015-10-29 2017-05-03 SMK Corporation Système d'imagerie, lampe de véhicule et véhicule
CN109742173A (zh) * 2019-01-10 2019-05-10 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 一种量子阱红外圆偏振探测器

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1286189A2 (fr) * 2001-08-07 2003-02-26 Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Elément polarisant et dispositif d'affichage d'image comportant cet élément polarisant
US6878425B1 (en) * 2002-03-04 2005-04-12 Keola R Gomes Tinted polarized window film
EP2034339A1 (fr) * 2006-06-16 2009-03-11 FUJIFILM Corporation Film de polarisation destiné à une vitre et vitre avant d'un véhicule
US20100053751A1 (en) * 2008-08-28 2010-03-04 Mcleod William Wire grid polarizers in window shading applications and varrying thickness wave retarders
EP2161123A1 (fr) * 2008-09-09 2010-03-10 Fujifilm Corporation Procédé de production de plaque de polarisation, et parabrise d'automobile
GB2486769A (en) * 2010-12-24 2012-06-27 Gm Global Tech Operations Inc Polarization of light to avoid reflections of an instrument in a windshield of a vehicle

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1286189A2 (fr) * 2001-08-07 2003-02-26 Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Elément polarisant et dispositif d'affichage d'image comportant cet élément polarisant
US6878425B1 (en) * 2002-03-04 2005-04-12 Keola R Gomes Tinted polarized window film
EP2034339A1 (fr) * 2006-06-16 2009-03-11 FUJIFILM Corporation Film de polarisation destiné à une vitre et vitre avant d'un véhicule
US20100053751A1 (en) * 2008-08-28 2010-03-04 Mcleod William Wire grid polarizers in window shading applications and varrying thickness wave retarders
EP2161123A1 (fr) * 2008-09-09 2010-03-10 Fujifilm Corporation Procédé de production de plaque de polarisation, et parabrise d'automobile
GB2486769A (en) * 2010-12-24 2012-06-27 Gm Global Tech Operations Inc Polarization of light to avoid reflections of an instrument in a windshield of a vehicle

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3163499A1 (fr) * 2015-10-29 2017-05-03 SMK Corporation Système d'imagerie, lampe de véhicule et véhicule
CN109742173A (zh) * 2019-01-10 2019-05-10 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 一种量子阱红外圆偏振探测器

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