WO2014121997A1 - Procédé de détermination d'un champ de potentiel de houle et/ou de vitesse dans des eaux formant des vagues - Google Patents

Procédé de détermination d'un champ de potentiel de houle et/ou de vitesse dans des eaux formant des vagues Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014121997A1
WO2014121997A1 PCT/EP2014/050890 EP2014050890W WO2014121997A1 WO 2014121997 A1 WO2014121997 A1 WO 2014121997A1 EP 2014050890 W EP2014050890 W EP 2014050890W WO 2014121997 A1 WO2014121997 A1 WO 2014121997A1
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Prior art keywords
wave
water
potential field
determining
measurement
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PCT/EP2014/050890
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Alexander Poddey
Nik Scharmann
Benjamin Hagemann
Jasper Behrendt
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Robert Bosch Gmbh
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Publication of WO2014121997A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014121997A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C13/00—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
    • G01C13/002—Measuring the movement of open water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F03B11/008—Measuring or testing arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1805—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem
    • F03B13/1825—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem for 360° rotation
    • F03B13/183—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem for 360° rotation of a turbine-like wom
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
    • F05B2270/107—Purpose of the control system to cope with emergencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for determining a wave-raising and / or velocity potential field in a wave-moved body of water, as well as means for its implementation, in particular in a wave energy converter and / or a
  • Wave energy converters which are arranged with their moving parts under the water surface and exploit a wave orbital motion present there, are of particular interest in the context of the present invention.
  • the wave orbital motion can be converted into a rotational movement by means of rotors.
  • rotors with coupling bodies e.g. hydrodynamic lift profiles.
  • Such a system is disclosed in US 2010/0150716 A1.
  • the invention can be applied to all wave energy converters as well as other turbines in wave-driven waters affected by wave motion.
  • a wave energy converter can be operated with knowledge of the expected Wellenbeaufschla- tion adapted to this, for example, to maximize the energy yield of the wave energy converter.
  • Known methods for predicting the wave exposure of turbines in wave-moving waters include, for example, the generation of statistical data (spectra) of seas. This can be done for example by means of a point measurement by means of so-called waverider buoys, the evaluation of radar data or the use of Doppler signals. The latter is disclosed, for example, in US Pat. No. 7,768,874, B2.
  • a deficiency of the known methods is, in particular, to be regarded as the limited functionality of the aforementioned measuring methods, which either make punctual and therefore insufficient measurement data available and / or frequently do not function reliably.
  • the functionality of radar sensors is significantly limited by rain. Radar systems must also be installed far above the water surface, which in particular requires a considerable additional effort in the wave energy converters explained in the introduction.
  • the present invention proposes a method for determining a wave elevation and / or velocity potential field in a wave-moving body of water, as well as means for its implementation, in particular in a wave energy converter and / or a wave energy converter park, having the features of the independent patent claims.
  • Preferred embodiments are subject of the dependent claims and the following description.
  • a method according to the invention serves to predict a shaft loading of at least one installation located in a wave-moving body of water, in particular at least one shaft. energy converter. From measurement data of at least two different measurement locations located on at least one measurement surface oriented substantially parallel to a water table of the water body, a wave collection and / or velocity potential field in the wave-moved body of water can be computationally determined ("reconstructed").
  • acoustic Doppler flow profile As sensors, different methods are available, wherein in the context of the application, in particular the use of one or more acoustic Doppler flow profile as sensors is described.
  • the use of pressure sensors, shaft height sensors, buoys, lidar sensors and / or radar sensors for determining the measured data is also advantageous.
  • the sensor or sensors are spatially separated both at the plant itself and from it, e.g. at buoys or similar can be attached.
  • An essentially parallel to a water level of the water body oriented measuring surface is preferably oriented parallel to the water level of the water body or closes with this an angle of at most 10 °, preferably at most 6 °, a.
  • a sensor is arranged in a water depth in which energetically particularly relevant wave frequencies can be measured in a suitably resolved manner.
  • the use of multiple sensors located at different depths is particularly advantageous in broadband wave spectra (i.e., many wave frequencies).
  • the respectively selected measuring depth expediently represents a compromise between the spatial range of the sensor in the wave propagation direction and the measuring accuracy. If different measuring surfaces are measured, their measured data are preferably computationally combined in order to determine the wave height and / or velocity potential field.
  • the sensor or sensors are preferably aligned with their measuring direction counter to the main shaft preparation direction ("flow direction").
  • different measuring directions can be selected, for example a grid-like (parallel or crosswise), a fan-shaped (polar) or a star-shaped (polar) arrangement of the measuring directions.
  • the wave loading of the plant can then also be predicted mathematically.
  • the operation of the system can be significantly improved.
  • a feedforward control can take place so that occurring control deviations are reduced.
  • the control interventions can be reduced, the control becomes more robust.
  • the operation becomes less reactive.
  • a spectra simulation in particular a so-called three-dimensional high order spectral method (HOS, see, for example, Ducrozet, G., Bonnefoy, F., Le Touze, D and Ferrant, P .: 3-D HOS simulations of extreme waves in open seas, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst., Sei. 7, 2007, 109-122).
  • simpler methods such as linear Airy theory can be used for reconstruction and propagation.
  • One aspect of the invention is the use of said acoustic Doppler flow profiler.
  • Acoustic Doppler flow profilers are sold, for example, by the company RD Instruments under the name ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler, ADCP).
  • ADCP Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler
  • a special design of the ADCP is the horizontally measuring ADCP (also referred to as H-ADCP).
  • Acoustic Doppler flow profilers have long been known for measuring currents in waters and are particularly suitable for determining directional components of the velocity vector field. Acoustic Doppler flow profilers measure extremely reliably, so that the results obtained are sometimes used as reference values for the validation or calibration of other flow measuring systems.
  • acoustic flow measuring systems have prevailed since the beginning of the 1990s for flow measurement in certain areas.
  • Acoustic Doppler flow profilers can be used, for example, on ships, anchored to the ground and / or at different depths and / or with different operating frequencies. From its point of attachment, an acoustic Doppler flow profiler punctually measures a three-dimensional flow vector permanently and temporally highly resolved for different depth layers up to the water surface.
  • the flow can be continuously monitored in a defined depth layer (i.e., for measurement sites located on a measurement surface oriented substantially parallel to the water level of the water).
  • acoustic Doppler flow profiler can be used, for example, on vessels for multi-dimensional flow measurement at different depths during different tidal phases. In this way, for example, flow atlases can be created for certain areas for use in coastal protection.
  • An example of the use of a Doppler acoustic airfoil is disclosed by Cysewski, M.C .: Characterization of flow field structures measured with an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler. Geesthacht: Helmholtz Center Geesthacht, Center for Materials and Coastal Research GmbH, 201 1.
  • a wave energy converter is operated as a plant.
  • the invention presents a method which includes a precontrol of the manipulated variables (in particular generator torque and / or angle of attack (pitch angle) of the coupling body) allows.
  • the operation preferably comprises a control, wherein the controlled variable may be a phase angle between a rotational movement of a rotor of the wave energy converter and an orbital flow of the wave motion.
  • the operation of the wave energy converter is improved because less has to be responded to changes already occurred (which leads to a deterioration of energy production), and instead by means of a feedforward control of the wave energy converter is already set to expected changes (which a deterioration of energy production reduced or completely prevented).
  • the conversion efficiency is increased. This applies in particular to multichromatic wave states which place particularly high demands on the control of wave energy converters. Furthermore, there are particularly advantageous options when it comes to protective measures.
  • the flow field induced by the waves is calculated on the wave energy converter in order to enable a control of the system.
  • the invention can also be used in areas in which a prediction of the wave motion offers advantages for the operation or safety of a marine construction.
  • the operation may include, for example, bringing into a rest position (e.g., feathering position with coupling bodies of wave energy converters).
  • offshore operations can be carried out more efficiently (e.g., transferring a load from a moving ship to an oil rig or to the seabed, crew transfer from a maintenance ship to an offshore wind turbine, dynamic positioning of a ship).
  • the invention can be used in wave power plants to increase the conversion efficiency.
  • the invention can be used particularly advantageously for concerted control of a plurality of power plants (parks). This applies in particular to the case where the absorption and / or emission characteristic of the individual power plants is known and can be described by suitable models.
  • an acoustic Doppler flow profiler for measuring the incoming wave motion in spatial and temporal dimension on the below the surface occurring flow vectors used.
  • H-ADCP acoustic Doppler flow profiler
  • the H-ADCP is particularly suitable for the method according to the invention if it has a particularly high sampling frequency.
  • additional movement measuring devices can be used.
  • accelerometers can be used.
  • erroneous speed values that result from a horizontal translational movement of the sensor can be corrected.
  • values can be determined via a rotational and vertical translatory movement of the sensor by means of corresponding movement measuring devices and used for a more accurate computational reconstruction of the wave collection and / or velocity potential field.
  • the use of an H-ADCP is particularly suitable for use in an offshore park, for example a wave or wind energy converter park. In this case, an H-ADCP can be provided in common for a large number of corresponding systems, for example wave energy converters.
  • H-ADCPs the measuring direction of which is preferably not oriented parallel or rectified, so that a wider angular range can be covered.
  • the detection of multi-directional sea state systems is possible.
  • the sensors can also be arranged offset, so that they can measure the same wave state at different phase angles.
  • an improved resolution, in particular of complex wave states can be made possible.
  • the H-ADCP can also be attached to structures separate from the system, so that a largely uninfluenced by the system measurement is possible.
  • the expression of the flow vector field detected at each time point is used in order to reconstruct the wave collection and / or velocity potential field in at least a required extent by calculation.
  • a reconstructed wave collection and / or velocity potential field can then be propagated to the individual plants with the aid of a suitable propagation process.
  • the expression of the flow vector field can be determined in a spatially and temporally resolved manner, as far as necessary.
  • the propagation of the flow field entering the systems in the future is known by such propagation of the wave motion, so that the control / regulation of each individual system can access this information and determine an optimal trajectory including optimal pitch adjustment and generator torque control.
  • the maintenance of be monitored and, if necessary, readjusted by a corresponding regulation.
  • H-ADCP As marketed by the company RD Instruments.
  • Such an H-ADCP operates with a measurement frequency of 300 kHz. It is a narrow-beam acoustic monitoring system that measures horizontally from where it is located, detecting currents and multidirectional waves near or near the surface of the water body (or the corresponding depth).
  • This H-ADCP up to 128 individual points in a horizontal range of up to 200 m can be detected, so that from this the entire wave structure or a corresponding wave field can be reconstructed.
  • the previous use of such sensors limited to the monitoring of incoming waves to predict maximum events safely.
  • An arithmetic unit according to the invention e.g. a drive unit of a system located in a wave-moving body of water, in particular a wave energy converter is, in particular programmatically, adapted to carry out a method according to the invention.
  • Suitable data carriers for providing the computer program are, in particular, floppy disks, hard disks, flash memories, EEPROMs, CD-ROMs, DVDs and the like. It is also possible to download a program via computer networks (Internet, intranet, etc.). Further advantages and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the description and the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of wave orbital motions under the surface of a wavy moving body of water.
  • Figure 2 shows a wave energy converter, which can be operated according to the invention, in a partially perspective view.
  • FIG. 3 shows the wave energy converter of FIG. 2 in a wave field in a more schematic representation.
  • Figure 4 shows a wave energy converter park, which can be operated according to the invention, in a schematic representation.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a method according to an embodiment of the invention in the form of a schematic flow chart.
  • Figure 6 illustrates different arrangement and alignment possibilities for sensors.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of wave orbital motions under the surface of a wavy moving body of water.
  • a wave on the surface of the water is designated by W.
  • W A wave on the surface of the water
  • C a wave trough.
  • the wave propagates in a wave propagation direction 1 1.
  • positions B and D are the transitions Wellenberg / Wellental and Wellental / Wellenberg.
  • the mean water surface is designated 12.
  • orbital paths 13 Due to the wave motion below the surface of the water wave orbital movements result in the form of orbital paths 13, which are only partially provided with reference numerals. Immediately below the surface of the water body, these orbital paths 13 each have radii r, which correspond to the amplitude of the wave W. The radii decrease with increasing distance to the surface of the water. In deep water, the orbital trajectories 13 are circular, in the shallow water increasingly elliptical. The local water movement is shown in FIG. 1 in each case in the form of short, bold arrows which correspond to the respective motion vectors v. Under a wave crest at position A, the entirety of the water particles moves in the direction of the wave propagation direction 1 1.
  • the present invention comprises the prediction of a wave loading of a system located in a wave-moved body of water, for example a wave energy converter, by a particularly simple and proven detection of flow characteristics of a water body. On the basis of the detected flow characteristics, a wave field in the water body is mathematically reconstructed and propagated.
  • a wave energy converter is shown, which is the wave orbital motion shown
  • the wave energy converter is designated overall by 1. It has a rotor 2, 3, 4 with a rotor base 2, on which over rotor or lever arms 4 elongated lift profiles 3 are mounted.
  • the lift profiles 3 are connected at one end to the lever arms 4 and, for example, via adjusting devices 5 at an angle (so-called pitch angle) about its longitudinal axis rotatable.
  • the adjusting devices 5 can be assigned 6 position encoder.
  • the wave energy converter 1 may be associated with a motion measuring device 9 which is adapted to measure a movement of the wave energy converter 1 in the water body.
  • the movement measuring device 9 may include an acceleration sensor.
  • the buoyancy profiles 3 are, relative to the axis of the rotor 2, 3, 4, offset from one another at an angle of 180 °.
  • the buoyancy profiles 3 are preferably connected to the lever arms 4 in the vicinity of their pressure point, in order to reduce rotational torques occurring during operation to the buoyancy profiles 3 and thus to reduce the requirements for the holder and / or the adjusting devices.
  • the radial distance between a suspension point of a lift profile 3 and the rotor axis is, for example, 1 m to 50 m, preferably 2 m to 40 m and particularly preferably 6 m to 30 m.
  • the chord length of the lift profiles 3 is for example 1 m to 8 m.
  • the maximum longitudinal extent may be, for example, 6 m or more.
  • the wave energy converter 1 has an integrated generator.
  • the rotor base 2 is rotatably mounted in a generator housing 7.
  • the rotor base 2 forms the rotor of the generator, the generator housing 7 whose stator.
  • the required electrical equipment such as coils and cables are not shown.
  • a rotational movement of the rotor base 2 induced by the wave orbital motion can be directly converted into electrical energy with the lift profiles 3 attached thereto via the lever arms 4.
  • a wave energy converter 1 is shown in FIG. 2, in which the lift profiles 3 are attached via their lever arms 4 to only one side of a rotor base 2, the invention can, as mentioned, also be used with wave energy converters 1 in which Both sides of the rotor base 2 lever arms 4 and 3 Auftriebsprofile are attached.
  • a use in so-called squirrel cage runners is also possible.
  • the rotor arms 4 need not necessarily be formed as shown.
  • the lift profiles 3 can also be connected to the rotor base 2 via a disk-shaped element.
  • an acoustic double flow profiler 8 Attached to the wave energy converter 1 or removed therefrom, there is provided an acoustic double flow profiler 8, which is shown in a highly schematized manner in FIG.
  • the acoustic Doppler flow profiler 8 is oriented in a measuring direction which corresponds to a direction of flow of the wave energy converter 1. He is trained, for example, as H-ADCP.
  • FIG. 3 again shows the wave energy converter 1 of FIG. 2 in plan view of the rotor base 2.
  • the illustration of the Doppler flow profiler 8 has been omitted.
  • a control unit is shown schematically and designated 200.
  • the rotor 2, 3, 4 is below the water surface of a wavy moving body of water, such as an ocean, arranged. In this case, for example, deep-water conditions are to be present in which the orbital trajectories 23 (cf., FIG. 1) of the water particles are largely circular.
  • a rotational axis of the rotor (perpendicular to the plane of the drawing) is oriented largely horizontally and largely perpendicular to the direction of propagation 21 of the waves 20 of the wavy moving body of water.
  • the wave energy converter 1 is impinged by the orbital flow with an onflow velocity.
  • the flow is the orbital flow of sea waves (see FIG. 1) whose direction changes continuously with an angular velocity ⁇ .
  • f represents the frequency of the monochromatic wave.
  • FIG. 3 thus shows a snapshot.
  • the method according to the invention In the case of multichromatic waves, this includes corresponding (local) adaptations.
  • the invention is particularly advantageous for the prognosis of corresponding multichromatic waves or the corresponding wave application.
  • the rotation of the orbital flow is oriented in the counterclockwise direction, ie the associated wave propagates from right to left.
  • the rotor 2, 3, 4 rotates in synchronism with the orbital flow of the wave motion with an angular velocity ⁇ , wherein the term of synchronicity in multichromatic waves is to be understood in the time average.
  • buoyancy profiles 3 are each a buoyancy (indicated in each case by the force vector F) and thereby generates a force acting on the rotor 2, 3, 4 first torque.
  • a preferably variable second torque in the form of a resistor so a braking torque, or an acceleration torque.
  • Means for generating the second torque can be arranged between the rotor base 2 and the generator housing 7.
  • FIG. 4 shows a wave energy converter park which can be operated according to the invention.
  • the wave energy converter park is denoted overall by 10 and, in the illustrated example, comprises 15 wave energy converters 1, which are only partially provided with reference symbols. The representation corresponds to a plan view, the water surface is therefore in the drawing plane in Figure 4.
  • the wave energy converter 1 are shown greatly simplified compared to the figure 2 and 3. Support structures (mooring) and the like are not shown.
  • a total of two acoustic Doppler flow profiles 8 are shown greatly enlarged, measuring in different directions below a water surface.
  • the scanning direction of the Doppler flow profile 8 is oriented differently, so that a particularly large area around the wave energy converter park 10 can be scanned.
  • the corresponding fan-shaped scanning regions are each designated 80. For example, areas 80 of 150 ° below the surface can be scanned by the acoustic Doppler flow profile 8.
  • the acoustic Doppler flow profiler 8 are aligned substantially horizontally below the water surface.
  • Each of the areas 80 represents a measuring area with a plurality of different measuring locations, wherein the measuring area is oriented substantially parallel to a water level of the water body.
  • the two Doppler flow profiles 8 and thus the two regions 80 can lie in the same depths or at different depths.
  • two Doppler flow profiles 8 are shown in FIG. 4, embodiments which comprise only one, a plurality of identically oriented and, if appropriate, one behind the other and / or a multiplicity of Doppler flow profilers 8 may also be advantageous.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a method according to an embodiment of the invention in the form of a schematic flow chart and denotes 100 as a whole.
  • the method 100 comprises the acquisition of sensor data as measured data.
  • the sensor data are in this case by means of one or more sensors, such.
  • a plurality of measuring locations 81, 82 are measured on a plurality of measuring surfaces 80, 80 '.
  • a directional component of a velocity vector field of the water body is determined at each measuring location 81, 82.
  • the measuring surfaces 80, 80 ' close with the still water mirror 70 an angle ⁇ of at most 10 °, preferably at most 6 °.
  • the sensor or sensors are preferably aligned with their measuring direction counter to the main shaft preparation direction ("flow direction").
  • flow direction different measuring directions can be selected.
  • FIG. 6b two lattice-like orientations are illustrated, with only one row 83, 84 of sensors 8 each having a parallel measuring direction (illustrated by arrows on the rectangle) in a parallel lattice and two vertical rows 83, 84 of sensors 8 in the case of a lattice grid each parallel direction of measurement are present.
  • Fig. 6c a star-shaped orientation (all sensors 8) and a fan-shaped orientation (any sector of the star) are shown.
  • pressure sensors 8 ' for determining a plurality of pressure values ("pressure field") as measurement data in one or more in multiple levels of the fluid
  • wave height sensors such as buoys, lidar and / or radar sensors
  • wave height sensors can be used to determine several wave height values as measured data of a (“wave height field") of the water.
  • information of a movement of the sensor in the water which are detected for example by means of a movement measuring device 9, can be evaluated and included in the following calculation.
  • a wave-raising and / or speed-potential field is reconstructed, for example, according to the following method.
  • a velocity vector field eg particle velocities u x
  • the speed potential obtained in this way is transformed to the level of the at-rest water level 70, as described, for example, in "Potential Theory in Gravity and Magnetic Applications", Richard J. Blakoly, Cambridge University Press.
  • a wave field (wave elevation ⁇ ) is calculated from the time derivative of the velocity potential field on the basis of a linear or non-linear wave theory.
  • a wave field (wave elevation ⁇ ) is calculated from the time derivative of the velocity potential field on the basis of a linear or non-linear wave theory.
  • the subsequent wave loading of the installation is determined in a step 103 by computational propagation with the aid of a suitable wave model (for example Higher Order Spectral Method).
  • a suitable wave model for example Higher Order Spectral Method

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de détermination d'un champ de potentiel de houle et/ou de vitesse dans des eaux formant des vagues. Pour cela, on obtient des données de mesure à au moins deux emplacements de mesure (81, 82) situés sur une surface de mesure (80, 80') orientée pratiquement parallèlement à un niveau au repos (70) des eaux et, à partir de ces données de mesure, on détermine le champ de potentiel de houle et/ou de vitesse.
PCT/EP2014/050890 2013-02-08 2014-01-17 Procédé de détermination d'un champ de potentiel de houle et/ou de vitesse dans des eaux formant des vagues WO2014121997A1 (fr)

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DE102013002127.8 2013-02-08
DE102013002127.8A DE102013002127A1 (de) 2013-02-08 2013-02-08 Verfahren zur Bestimmung eines Wellenerhebungs- und/oder Geschwindigkeitspotentialfelds in einem wellenbewegten Gewässer

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WO2014121997A1 true WO2014121997A1 (fr) 2014-08-14

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DE102022129525A1 (de) 2022-11-08 2024-05-08 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Höhe von Wasserwellen

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CN110823192A (zh) * 2019-11-13 2020-02-21 浙江舟山励博海洋科技有限公司 一种测量海洋表层湍流的方法
CN110823192B (zh) * 2019-11-13 2024-05-03 浙江舟山励博海洋科技有限公司 一种测量海洋表层湍流的方法

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