WO2014121684A1 - 预制式海上固定平台及安装方法 - Google Patents

预制式海上固定平台及安装方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014121684A1
WO2014121684A1 PCT/CN2014/070734 CN2014070734W WO2014121684A1 WO 2014121684 A1 WO2014121684 A1 WO 2014121684A1 CN 2014070734 W CN2014070734 W CN 2014070734W WO 2014121684 A1 WO2014121684 A1 WO 2014121684A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
main body
gravel
prefabricated
foundation
positioning
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Application number
PCT/CN2014/070734
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
丁桦
张建初
盛国强
孙耀国
沈正
阚军
郑瑞芸
唐峰
续珍立
王炜
叶娟
Original Assignee
广州中国科学院工业技术研究院
中国路桥工程有限责任公司
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Application filed by 广州中国科学院工业技术研究院, 中国路桥工程有限责任公司 filed Critical 广州中国科学院工业技术研究院
Publication of WO2014121684A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014121684A1/zh

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/02Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/04Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an offshore platform technology, and more particularly to a stationary offshore platform that can be quickly deployed on an island reef, a reef, and a beach, and a method of installing the same. Background technique
  • the floating island platform or a caisson platform with a pre-set steel structure It is towed to the working place by a tugboat.
  • the floating island platform is fixed to the sea by anchor mooring or piling, and the caisson platform is half.
  • the submerged bottom method sinks to the bottom of the water, and then builds the upper layer of the building or replenishes it on the exposed platform.
  • the floating structure platform or caisson platform of this steel structure has a long construction period and a large investment.
  • the floating island platform needs a certain water depth when it is fixed, and cannot be directly fixed on the island reef or the beach.
  • the stability is poor, and the sea is tied or piling fixed.
  • the construction is difficult; the bottoming operation of the caisson platform is complicated, and the foundation leveling construction is difficult.
  • Another construction method is to transport the building materials and equipment required for constructing the working platform to the construction site through the supply ship, directly carry out foundation excavation and construction on the site, and then carry out concrete pouring or steel structure setting on the foundation to complete the working platform. Or the construction of the supply platform. This method will cause irreversible damage to the marine environment at the construction site.
  • the construction process is greatly affected by the climate.
  • the transportation of building materials is difficult, resulting in long construction period and high cost. Summary of the invention
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of installing a prefabricated offshore fixed platform.
  • a prefabricated offshore fixed platform comprising a prefabricated platform body, wherein the body is separated by a partition wall with a plurality of watertight compartments, ballast compartments and gravel compartments, wherein the ballast tanks are located
  • the upper part is provided with a positioning pile which can extend downward to the outside of the bottom of the main body.
  • the main structure of the platform can be made by prefabrication.
  • the internal space is divided into a plurality of ballast tanks, watertight compartments and gravel compartments by compartment walls.
  • the watertight compartments can be used for loading fresh water, fuel oil or equipment.
  • the ballast tanks are used before being towed.
  • the hollow cavity can provide the buoyancy required for maritime navigation. When installing, water can be injected into the ballast tank to make the main body sink to the bottom and use it as a fixed platform.
  • the gravel compartment is used to store gravel for leveling the foundation, which can be used to load gravel in the gravel compartment before towing, or to load gravel into the gravel compartment when the main body is installed.
  • the positioning device is disposed along the periphery of the main body.
  • the positioning pile When the positioning pile extends out of the bottom of the main body and is inserted into the foundation, the main body can be supported off the ground, and the gap between the bottom of the main body and the foundation is reserved for filling the gravel leveling, and when the main body sinks to the bottom, positioning The pile can also play a positioning and guiding role. After the platform body is installed, the positioning pile can also play a role of anti-sliding.
  • the foundation can be quickly leveled, and the platform body can be positioned accurately on the bottom of the platform. It is convenient to quickly set up on the island reef, reef or beach. The construction is convenient and firm.
  • a plurality of through holes are provided in the main body, and a suction pile or a pressing pile is arranged in the reserved hole.
  • the suction hole or the pressing pile is driven into the foundation through the reserved hole, so that the main body is more firmly fixed on the foundation, especially suitable for use on a soft foundation.
  • the positioning device is provided with an adjusting device for adjusting the length of the bottom of the positioning pile to extend out of the bottom of the main body.
  • the height of the bottom of the main body is adjusted by the adjusting device to adjust the gap between the main body and the foundation, so that the main body is always in a horizontal state.
  • the gravel passage at the bottom of the body is flared. It facilitates the scattering of gravel to the surrounding area and increases the contact area between the gravel layer and the bottom of the main body.
  • the body is a reinforced concrete prefabricated structure. Fast forming, short construction time and low manufacturing cost.
  • Another technical solution of the present invention is: A method for installing a prefabricated offshore fixed platform, which comprises the following steps: 1) Temporary positioning step: using the island reef swell as a fulcrum, and passing the platform through the hoist at a high tide level The main body is towed to the preset position of the construction, and the bottom of the main body is brought into contact with the surface of the foundation by means of low tide level or water injection in the ballast tank; the main body is temporarily fixed on the foundation by the positioning pile; 2) The bottom leveling step: controlling each The positioning pile extends out of the length of the bottom of the main body to adjust the position and level of the bottom of the main body; 3) The bottom fixing step: the gravel in the gravel chamber is discharged through the gravel passage, filling the gap between the surface of the foundation and the bottom of the main body, and prefabricating Fixed offshore fixed platform.
  • the main body of the platform is towed to the preset position of the construction, first water is injected into the ballast tank, the bottom of the main body is brought into contact with the surface of the foundation, and then the length of each of the positioning piles is adjusted by the positioning device to keep the main body level and adjust When it is in the proper position, there will be a gap between the surface of the foundation and the bottom of the main body, and the gravel hatch at the corresponding position is opened to discharge the gravel along the gravel passage, filling the gap between the surface of the foundation and the bottom of the main body.
  • the foundation is leveled, and the platform body is stably supported on the surface of the foundation to achieve rapid fixation.
  • the foundation can be quickly leveled, and the platform body is positioned accurately on the bottom of the platform, which is convenient to be installed on the island reef, reef or beach.
  • the construction is convenient and firm.
  • the step of leveling the gravel layer by vibration or partial blasting is also included. It plays the role of dense foundation and stable foundation position.
  • the step of fixing the suction pile or the pressing pile from the reserved hole is further included.
  • the main body is more firmly fixed on the foundation by providing a suction pile or a pressing pile, and is suitable for an environment constructed on a soft foundation.
  • the step of pretreating the foundation with coral sand is also included.
  • the foundation is pretreated with coral sand to adjust the flatness of the surface of the foundation to facilitate the stability of the platform body.
  • the step of precisely treating the foundation by an explosion is also included.
  • the foundation is compacted by explosion, which is conducive to the stability of the platform body.
  • the invention has the advantages that the main structure is firm, the manufacturing cost is low, the foundation is easy to level, the flatness is high, the sinking bottom is fixed and positioned accurately, and is conveniently arranged on the island reef, the reef or the beach, and the construction is easy and firm.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged view of a portion C of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fixing manner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a prefabricated offshore fixed platform includes a prefabricated platform body 1 in which a plurality of watertight compartments 4, ballast tanks 3 and gravel compartments 5 and pre-separations are disposed by means of compartment walls 2 a hole 16 in which the ballast tank 3 is located at the bottom of the main body 1, the watertight compartment 4 is located above the ballast tank 3, and the bottom of the gravel tank 5 is provided with a bell-shaped gravel passage 6 communicating with the outside of the main body 1, along the main body 1
  • Each of the peripheral portions is provided with a plurality of positioning devices, each of which includes a positioning post 8 extending to the outside of the bottom of the main body 1 and an adjusting device for adjusting the length of the bottom portion of the main body 1 by the adjustable positioning post 8.
  • the adjusting device comprises a main body 1
  • the upper pile hole 7, the pulley 11, the steel cable 12, and the fixed column 9 and the clamp 10 disposed on the platform on both sides of the top of the pile hole 7, the positioning pile 8 can slide along the pile hole 7, and the pulley 11 is disposed on the positioning pile 8
  • one end of the cable 12 is connected to the fixed column 9, and the other end is connected to the clamp 10 around the pulley 11.
  • the clamp 10 the relative length of the steel cable 12 is controlled to realize the adjustment of the positioning pile 8 extension.
  • the reserved hole 16 is provided with a suction pile 18 or a pressing pile.
  • the main body 1 is a reinforced concrete prefabricated structure, and the partition wall 2 can be formed by a template to cast concrete. Steel construction can also be used.
  • the positioning pile 8 may be a steel pile or other structural pile such as a concrete pile.
  • a connecting portion 17 is provided in the reserved hole 16, and the suction pile 18 is fixed to the connecting portion 17, and the suction pile 18 can be inserted into the foundation 15 with the opening downward.
  • a method of installing a prefabricated offshore fixed platform comprising the following steps:
  • the bottom leveling step adjusting the relative length of the steel cable 12 by using the clamp 10, and controlling the length of the positioning pile 8 around the periphery of the main body 1 to extend outside the bottom of the main body 1, thereby adjusting the horizontality of the main body 1;
  • the flatness of 15 is high, the extension length of the positioning pile 8 is short, or only the positioning pile 8 of the partial position is used, at this time, the bottom portion of the main body 1 is in contact with the foundation 15, and the partial area is not in contact with the foundation 15, If the flatness of the foundation 15 is not high, in order to ensure the level of the main body 1, the main body 1 can also be raised so that the bottom thereof temporarily leaves the surface of the foundation 15;
  • Subside fixing step The gravel 14 in the gravel chamber 5 is discharged through the gravel passage 6, filling the gap between the surface of the foundation 15 and the bottom of the main body 1; the gravel layer is uniformly dense by vibration or partial blasting; 16 Set the suction pile 18 or the pressing pile to strengthen the fixing and complete the fixing of the prefabricated offshore fixed platform.
  • the main body 1 In the position where the foundation 15 has a large bearing capacity and the terrain is flat and the slope is not large, the main body 1 can be directly fixed on the natural foundation 15 and the platform body 1 can be maintained by the gravity of the main body 1 or the weight of the content ballast. Smooth.
  • the actual foundation 15 is often uneven, or there are obstacles of different sizes.
  • the contact between the bottom of the main body 1 and the foundation 15 is not good, and a large stress is generated on the bottom of the main body 1, so it is required to be filled with gravel 14.
  • the surface of the foundation 15 is uneven.
  • the gravel 4 has a large bearing capacity, and the supporting effect on the main body 1 is better than that of the coral sand.
  • the gravel 14 may be pre-placed in the gravel compartment 5 with the main body 1 towed, or an additional transport vessel may be provided to transport the gravel 14 to the site and fall through the gravel passage 6 of the gravel compartment 5.
  • the self-weight of the platform body 1 can press the bottom end of the suction pile 18 into the mud to a certain depth and form a bottom end seal, which is pumped to generate pressure inside and outside the suction pile 18. Poor, the suction pile can be pressed into the mud until the predetermined depth is reached. After the sinking is completed, the pressure difference in the suction pile 18 will gradually disappear with the penetration of water in the soil; the platform body 1 can be used on the soft foundation.
  • the fixed structure can also be used for the support structure of the offshore pier and the trestle. After the suction pile 18 is installed in position, it can be fixed to the main body 1 by means of squeezing, and the concrete is poured for permanent construction. In the reserved hole 16, the pile can be directly driven through the pile driver, and the hole 16 is reserved by concrete to achieve permanent fixation.

Abstract

一种预制式海上固定平台,包括预制的平台主体(1),主体(1)内通过隔舱壁(2)分隔设置有若干个水密舱(4)、压载舱(3)和砾石舱(5),其中压载舱(3)位于主体(1)的底部,水密舱(4)位于压载舱(3)上方,砾石舱(5)底部设有与主体(1)外相通的砾石通道(6),沿主体(1)周边分别设有若干个定位装置,每个定位装置上分别设有可向下延伸至主体(1)底部外的定位桩(8)。还提供了一种预制式海上固定平台的安装方法。该平台设置方便快速,地基找平容易,平整度高。

Description

预制式海上固定平台及安装方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种海上平台技术, 尤其是涉及可以快速布设在岛礁、 暗 礁及沙滩上的固定式海上平台及其安装方法。 背景技术
随着对海洋开发利用的不断进行, 作业人员及装备需要在远海或岛礁 附近做长时间的停留, 因此需要搭建固定式的作业平台或补给平台。 常见 的施工方法包括两种, 第一种是预先设置钢结构的浮岛平台或沉箱平台, 通过拖船拖曳至作业处, 浮岛平台用船锚系留或打桩方式固定在海上, 沉 箱平台用半潜坐底方式沉在水底, 然后再在露出水面的平台上搭建作业或 补给所需的上层建筑物。 这种钢结构的浮岛平台或沉箱平台的构建周期长, 投资大, 浮岛平台固定时需要一定的水深, 不能直接固定在岛礁或沙滩上, 稳定性差, 进行海上系留或打桩固定的施工难度高; 而沉箱平台的坐底操 作复杂, 地基找平的施工难度高。 另一种施工方法是将构建作业平台所需 的建筑材料及设备通过补给船运送至施工场地, 在现场直接进行地基开挖 及构筑, 然后在地基上进行混凝土浇筑或钢结构设置, 完成作业平台或补 给平台的施工。 这种方式对施工现场的海洋环境会造成不可逆的破坏, 施 工过程受气候影响较大, 此外建筑材料的运输比较困难, 导致建筑周期长, 成本高。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种可以快速建造、 快速固定设置的预制式海上 固定平台。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种预制式海上固定平台的安装方法。
本发明的技术解决方案是: 一种预制式海上固定平台, 包括预制的平台 主体, 所述主体内通过隔舱壁分隔设置有若干个水密舱、压载舱和砾石舱, 其中 压载舱位于所述主体的底部,水密舱位于压载舱上方,砾石舱底部设有与所述主 体外相通的砾石通道,沿所述主体周边分别设有若干个定位装置,每个定位装置 上分别设有可向下延伸至所述主体底部外的定位桩。
平台的主体结构可以通过预制方式制成,其内部空间用隔舱壁分隔成多个压 载舱、 水密舱以及砾石舱, 水密舱可用于装载淡水、 燃油或设备, 压载舱在拖曳 前为中空腔体, 可以提供海上航行所需的浮力, 安装时, 可以向压载舱内注水, 使主体沉底, 作为固定平台使用。 砾石舱内用于存放平整填充地基用的砾石,可 以在拖曳前在砾石舱内装载砾石, 也可在主体安装时再向砾石舱内装载砾石。定 位装置沿主体周边设置, 当定位桩延伸出主体底部外并插入地基时, 可将主体离 地支撑住, 保留主体底部与地基之间的间隙, 用于填充砾石找平, 主体沉底时, 定位桩还可以起到定位导向作用,平台主体安装完成后, 定位桩还可以起到抗滑 动的作用。 可以快速找平地基, 平台主体沉底定位准确, 方便快速设置在岛礁、 暗礁或沙滩上, 施工方便, 固定牢固。
在所述主体上设有若干贯通的预留孔, 在预留孔内设置吸力桩或打压桩。通 过预留孔向地基内打入吸力桩或打压桩,使主体更牢固的固定在地基上,尤其是 适合在软质地基上使用。
所述定位装置上设有调整所述定位桩底部延伸出所述主体底部长度的调节 设备。通过调节设备调整定位桩延伸出主体底部的高度,起到调整主体与地基间 隙的作用, 使主体始终保持水平状态。
在所述主体底部的所述砾石通道呈喇叭口型。方便砾石向周边散落,增加砾 石层与主体底部的接触面积。
所述主体为钢筋混凝土预制结构。 成型快, 施工时间短, 制造成本低。 本发明的另一个技术解决方案是: 一种预制式海上固定平台的安装方法,它 包括以下步骤: 1 )、 临时定位步骤: 利用岛礁凸起礁石作为支点, 通过卷扬机在 高潮位时将平台主体拖曳至施工预设位置, 利用低潮位或在压载舱内注水的方 法, 使主体底部接触地基表面; 通过定位桩将主体临时固定在地基上; 2)、 沉底 调平步骤:控制各定位桩延伸出主体底部的长度,调整主体坐底的位置及水平度; 3)、沉底固定步骤: 将砾石舱内的砾石通过砾石通道排出, 填充地基表面和主体 底部之间空隙, 完成预制式海上固定平台的固定。
平台主体被拖曳至施工预设位置上,先向压载舱内注水,使其主体底部接触 地基表面, 然后通过定位装置调整各定位桩延伸的长度, 使主体保持水平, 并调 整至合适的位置上,此时地基表面与主体底部之间的部分区域会存在间隙, 打开 相应位置上的砾石舱门,使砾石沿砾石通道排出,填充地基表面与主体底部之间 的空隙, 实现地基的找平, 同时将平台主体稳定的支撑在地基表面上, 实现了快 速的固定。 施工中, 可以快速找平地基, 平台主体沉底定位准确, 方便设置在岛 礁、 暗礁或沙滩上, 施工方便, 固定牢固。
在沉底固定步骤中, 还包括通过振动或局部爆破方法对砾石层整平的步骤。 起到密实地基、 稳定基础位置的作用。
在沉底固定步骤中, 还包括从预留孔内设置吸力桩或打压桩进行固定的步 骤。通过设置吸力桩或打压桩使主体更牢固的固定在地基上,适用于在软质地基 上施工的环境。
在所述临时定位步骤前,还包括用珊瑚砂预处理地基的步骤。当地基表面平 整度较差时, 用珊瑚砂预处理地基, 调整地基表面的平整度, 方便平台主体的固 定平稳。
在所述临时定位步骤前,还包括用爆炸方式精密处理地基的步骤。当地基承 载力较弱时, 通过爆炸方式对地基进行密实, 有利于平台主体固定的稳定性。
本发明的优点是: 主体结构牢固, 制造成本低, 地基找平容易, 平整度高, 沉底固定定位准确,方便快速设置在岛礁、暗礁或沙滩上,施工容易, 固定牢固。 附图说明
附图 1为本发明实施例的结构示意图;
附图 2为图 1中 A-A向的剖视图;
附图 3为图 1中 B-B向的剖视图;
附图 4为图 2中 C部的放大图;
附图 5为本发明实施例的固定方式示意图;
1、 主体, 2、 隔舱壁, 3、 压载舱, 4、 水密舱, 5、 砾石舱, 6、 砾石 通道, 7、 桩孔, 8、 定位桩, 9、 固定柱, 10、 夹紧器, 11、 滑轮, 12、 钢 缆, 13、 进水阀门, 14、 砾石, 15、 地基, 16、 预留孔, 17、 连接部, 18、 吸力桩。 具体实施方式
实施例:
参阅图 1-4, 为一种预制式海上固定平台, 包括预制的平台主体 1, 在主 体 1内通过隔舱壁 2分隔设置有若干个水密舱 4、压载舱 3和砾石舱 5和预留孔 16, 其中压载舱 3位于主体 1的底部, 水密舱 4位于压载舱 3的上方, 砾石舱 5 底部设有与主体 1外相通的呈喇叭口型的砾石通道 6, 沿主体 1周边分别设有若 干个定位装置,每个定位装置上包括可延伸至主体 1底部外的定位桩 8以及可调 整定位桩 8延伸出主体 1底部长度的调节设备, 该调节设备包括设置在主体 1 上的桩孔 7、 滑轮 11、 钢缆 12以及设置在桩孔 7顶部两侧平台上的固定柱 9和 夹紧器 10, 定位桩 8可沿桩孔 7滑动, 滑轮 11设置在定位桩 8的顶部, 钢缆 12 的一端连接在固定柱 9上, 另一端绕过滑轮 11连接在夹紧器 10上,通过调整夹 紧器 10,控制钢缆 12的相对长度,实现调整定位桩 8延伸出主体 1底部的长度。 预留孔 16内设有吸力桩 18或打压桩。
本实施例中, 主体 1为钢筋混凝土预制结构, 可以通过模板形成隔舱壁 2, 浇筑混凝土成型。也可以使用钢结构设置。 定位桩 8可以采用钢桩, 也可采用混 凝土桩等其他结构桩。 预留孔 16内设有连接部 17, 吸力桩 18固设在连接部 17 上, 吸力桩 18可开口朝下的插入地基 15内。
一种预制式海上固定平台的安装方法, 它包括以下步骤:
1、 进行现场地质调查, 对地基 15做相应预处理, 如果地基 15表面平整度 较差, 选用珊瑚砂对地基 15表面进行预处理, 如果地基 15的承载较弱, 可用爆 炸方法对地基 15进行紧密处理。
2、 临时定位步骤: 利用岛礁凸起礁石作为支点, 通过卷扬机在高潮位时将 平台主体 1拖曳至施工预设位置, 利用低潮位或打开进水阀 13, 向压载舱 3内 注水, 使主体 1底部接触地基 15表面, 利用主体 1的重力临时固定在地基 15 上;
3、 沉底调平步骤: 使用夹紧器 10调整钢缆 12的相对长度, 控制主体 1周 边各处的定位桩 8延伸出主体 1底部外的长度, 从而调整主体 1的水平度; 如果 地基 15的平整度高, 定位桩 8的延伸长度就短, 或者只使用部分位置的定位桩 8, 此时主体 1底部部分区域与地基 15接触, 部分区域与地基 15之间不接触, 如果地基 15平整度不高, 为保证主体 1的水平, 也可以调高主体 1, 使其底部 暂时离开地基 15的表面;
4、沉底固定步骤: 将砾石舱 5内的砾石 14通过砾石通道 6排出, 填充地基 15表面和主体 1底部之间的空隙; 通过振动或局部爆破使砾石层均匀密实; 再 通过预留孔 16设置吸力桩 18或打压桩,加强固定, 完成预制式海上固定平台的 固定。
在地基 15承载力较大, 且地势平坦、 坡度不大的位置上, 可以使主体 1直 接沉底固定在天然的地基 15上, 依靠主体 1 自身重力或内容压载物的重量保持 平台主体 1的平稳。 但实际的地基 15往往是凸凹不平的, 或者存在大小不等的 障碍物, 主体 1底部与地基 15的接触不可能良好, 在主体 1底部上会产生较大 的应力,因此需要使用砾石 14填充地基 15表面不平整之处。砾石 4的承载力大, 对主体 1的支撑效果好于珊瑚砂。 砾石 14可以预先放置在砾石舱 5内随着主体 1一起拖曳, 也可以另外设置运输船只将砾石 14运至现场, 通过砾石舱 5的砾 石通道 6落下。
当平台主体 1沉放于地基 15上就位时, 平台主体 1的自重可将吸力桩 18 的底端压入泥中一定深度并形成底端密封, 用泵抽汲使吸力桩 18内外产生压力 差, 可将吸力桩压入泥中直至到达预定深度, 完成沉放就位后, 吸力桩 18中的 压力差会随水在土中的渗透而逐渐消失; 可用于平台主体 1在软地基上的固定, 也可用于远海码头及栈桥的支撑结构。 吸力桩 18安装就位后可采用榫的方式与 主体 1固定, 其上用混凝土浇筑永固。 在预留孔 16内可直接通过打桩机打入打 压桩, 并用混凝土浇筑预留孔 16后实现永固。
上列详细说明是针对本发明之一可行实施例的具体说明,该实施例并非用以 限制本发明的专利范围, 凡未脱离本发明所为的等效实施或变更,均应包含于本 案的专利范围中。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种预制式海上固定平台, 包括预制的平台主体, 其特征在于: 所述主 体内通过隔舱壁分隔设置有若干个水密舱、压载舱和砾石舱,其中压载舱位于所 述主体的底部,水密舱位于压载舱上方,砾石舱底部设有与所述主体外相通的砾 石通道,沿所述主体周边分别设有若干个定位装置,每个定位装置上分别设有可 向下延伸至所述主体底部外的定位桩。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的预制式海上固定平台, 其特征在于: 在所述主体 上设有若干贯通的预留孔, 在预留孔内设置吸力桩或打压桩。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的预制式海上固定平台, 其特征在于: 所述定 位装置上设有调整所述定位桩底部延伸出所述主体底部长度的调节设备。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的预制式海上固定平台, 其特征在于: 在所述主体 底部的所述砾石通道呈喇叭口型。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的预制式海上固定平台, 其特征在于: 所述主体为 钢筋混凝土预制结构。
6、 一种预制式海上固定平台的安装方法, 其特征在于: 它包括以下步骤: 1 )、 临时定位步骤: 利用岛礁凸起礁石作为支点, 通过卷扬机在高潮位时 将平台主体拖曳至施工预设位置,利用低潮位或在压载舱内注水的方法,使主体 底部接触地基表面; 通过定位桩将主体临时固定在地基上;
2)、沉底调平步骤: 控制各定位桩延伸出主体底部的长度, 调整主体坐底 的位置及水平度;
3)、沉底固定步骤: 将砾石舱内的砾石通过砾石通道排出, 填充地基表面 和主体底部之间空隙, 完成预制式海上固定平台的固定。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的预制式海上固定平台的安装方法, 其特征在于: 在沉底固定步骤中, 还包括通过振动或局部爆破方法对砾石层整平的步骤。
8、 根据权利要求 6所述的预制式海上固定平台的安装方法, 其特征在于: 在沉底固定步骤中, 还包括从预留孔内设置吸力桩或打压桩进行固定的步骤。
9、 根据权利要求 7或 8所述的预制式海上固定平台的安装方法, 其特征在 于: 在所述临时定位步骤前, 还包括用珊瑚砂预处理地基的步骤。
10、 根据权利要求 7或 8所述的预制式海上固定平台的安装方法,其特征在 于: 在所述临时定位步骤前, 还包括用爆炸方式精密处理地基的步骤。
PCT/CN2014/070734 2013-02-05 2014-01-16 预制式海上固定平台及安装方法 WO2014121684A1 (zh)

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