WO2014118284A2 - Dispositif de génération électromécanique d'une rotation et mécanisme d'entraînement planétaire - Google Patents

Dispositif de génération électromécanique d'une rotation et mécanisme d'entraînement planétaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014118284A2
WO2014118284A2 PCT/EP2014/051816 EP2014051816W WO2014118284A2 WO 2014118284 A2 WO2014118284 A2 WO 2014118284A2 EP 2014051816 W EP2014051816 W EP 2014051816W WO 2014118284 A2 WO2014118284 A2 WO 2014118284A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
axis
toothing
rotation
gear
eccentric
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/051816
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2014118284A3 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Kappel
Bernhard Gottlieb
Original Assignee
Johnson Controls Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Johnson Controls Gmbh filed Critical Johnson Controls Gmbh
Publication of WO2014118284A2 publication Critical patent/WO2014118284A2/fr
Publication of WO2014118284A3 publication Critical patent/WO2014118284A3/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
    • H02K41/06—Rolling motors, i.e. motors having the rotor axis parallel to the stator axis and following a circular path as the rotor rolls around the inside or outside of the stator ; Nutating motors, i.e. having the rotor axis parallel to the stator axis inclined with respect to the stator axis and performing a nutational movement as the rotor rolls on the stator
    • H02K41/065—Nutating motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
    • H02K41/06—Rolling motors, i.e. motors having the rotor axis parallel to the stator axis and following a circular path as the rotor rolls around the inside or outside of the stator ; Nutating motors, i.e. having the rotor axis parallel to the stator axis inclined with respect to the stator axis and performing a nutational movement as the rotor rolls on the stator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
    • H02K7/1163—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears where at least two gears have non-parallel axes without having orbital motion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the electromechanical generation of rotation, in particular an electric planetary gear drive.
  • Coupled mechanical transmissions of different types are Coupled mechanical transmissions of different types.
  • Power conversion from electrical to mechanical is electromagnetic while the power, while avoiding an eccentric, through the
  • Impact elements is coupled, including the gears and / or the / the active element (s) wholly or partly made of ferromagnetic material. By avoiding eccentric losses, these drive systems are high even at high gear ratios
  • Torques are such drives especially as compact actuators, in particular for electromechanical seat adjustment in motor vehicles, e.g. For longitudinal, height, backrest, head restraint adjustment or for turning and tilting vehicle seats for easy entry
  • the eccentrics described in embodiments of WO201 1 107297 and WO2012156079 serve the positive guidance of the teeth and / or the imbalance compensation. Via the eccentrics there is neither an energy input into the drive system, e.g. in form of
  • the present invention has the object to provide a device for the electromechanical generation of rotation, in particular an electric planetary gear drive,
  • the object is achieved by a device for the electromechanical generation of rotation (also electrical
  • Planetary gear drive having a first body and a second body, the first body having a first circumferential axis about a first axis of rotation of the first body and the second body along a having second circular circumference around the first axis of rotation encircling toothing of the second body.
  • the serrations of the first body and the second body are coaxial with each other.
  • the first body is for example a housing half and the second body is a motor shaft or vice versa. But it may also be the first and the second body motor shafts, which are rotatably mounted in a support structure.
  • the first axis of rotation, the second axis of rotation and the third axis of rotation lie on a straight line.
  • the gear stage comprises at least one rolling element.
  • the rolling element has at least one along a circular
  • Circumference at a first distance around a second axis of rotation encircling toothing or rolling surface and at least one along a circular circumference with a second distance to a third
  • Rotation axis has circumferential toothing or rolling surface.
  • the second axis of rotation of the rolling element is spaced on a circular path and parallel to the first axis of rotation of the first body and rotates around it.
  • the third axis of rotation of the rolling element is spaced parallel from the first axis of rotation of the first body and circulates on a circular path.
  • the variable distances are used as air gaps for the exertion of electromagnetic forces on the rolling elements.
  • the rolling element has at least one gear toothed disk and at least one satellite wheel.
  • the rolling element can be designed in several parts, wherein individual parts are connected so as to be rotationally rigid as a unit via at least one eccentric relative to the first body and to the second body. A torsionally stiff connection of the teeth of the rolling element is required only in two-stage versions.
  • a further embodiment provides that the eccentric is formed in one or more parts, in particular disk-shaped or cam-shaped, wherein at least one first step has a first longitudinal axis which corresponds to one of the rotational axes of the gear step, in particular extends along this first longitudinal axis, and at least a second stage having a second longitudinal axis with one of the other
  • Rotary axes corresponds, in particular extends along this second longitudinal axis.
  • eccentric of two, in particular disc-shaped or cylindrical) step segments is formed, which are arranged offset to one another in the axial direction of the gear stage and in the radial direction of the gear stage.
  • eccentric of at least one central web, in particular a disk-shaped segment), with two in opposite directions axially projecting from the web pin (also called individual cams) may be formed.
  • the eccentric can be educated.
  • the eccentric can be formed as a component, in particular a molded part, or from a plurality of separate components.
  • a one-piece eccentric be designed as a double eccentric.
  • a multi-part eccentric may be formed from at least two substantially identical eccentrics, the are arranged in particular mirror-symmetrical to each other in the transmission stage.
  • the toothings of the two bodies in a common or in different
  • the serrations of the first and second bodies may be formed by a plurality of teeth equidistant from the first axis of rotation, wherein given equal points of each tooth to the first axis of rotation each have a constant distance within a given body.
  • the distance of the teeth of the first body from the first axis of rotation is advantageously different from the distance of the teeth of the second body from the first axis of rotation.
  • the first body and the second body may advantageously be motor shafts or carrier structures (housings).
  • housings can advantageously be understood as a support structure, a housing or a motor housing in which the first body and the second body are rotatably mounted or in which one of the body is rotatably mounted and the other with the
  • Carrier structure is connected or part thereof, wherein actuators may be connected to the support structure.
  • the electric epicyclic drive also has a rolling element which has a first toothing of the first toothing, which runs along a circular circumference at a first distance about a second axis of rotation
  • the rolling element may advantageously be a cylindrical or circular disk-shaped body, apart from the toothing.
  • the first distance may be unequal to the second distance.
  • one of the tooth pairings can also be a 1: 1 toothing, for example for a single-stage drive.
  • the second axis of rotation is parallel to the first axis of rotation and spaced therefrom.
  • the axes are adjacent.
  • a development of the invention provides that a number of actuators, in particular electrically actuatable electromagnets around the first
  • Rotation axis are arranged.
  • the actuators can be arranged in the manner of a ring, in particular a magnetic ring, or in the manner of a disc about the first axis of rotation, wherein the individual electromagnets are arranged symmetrically distributed uniformly.
  • the electric planetary gear drive has at least two actuators, which have non-parallel effective directions to one another, whose effective directions are therefore at an angle to each other, which is not equal to 0 ° and not equal to 180 °. However, if the rotary drive has more than two actuators, it is possible that some of these actuators are at an angle of 0 ° or 180 ° to each other.
  • a further embodiment provides that a number of actuators, in particular electromagnets which can be actuated electrically, are arranged symmetrically distributed uniformly about the first axis of rotation on a disk in a perpendicular plane to the first axis of rotation, the main actuating directions of the actuators being on the rolling element, in particular a disc-shaped rolling element. are directed parallel or at an angle to the first axis of rotation.
  • the actuators of the rolling elements By means of the at least two actuators of the rolling elements is displaced in each case in one direction.
  • the Rolling be advantageously just in exactly one direction to be displaced, if the effect of other actuators is disregarded.
  • the actuators can also be considered as linear actuators.
  • the first toothing of the rolling element is in a first engagement region with the toothing of the first body in engagement, the first toothing of the
  • Rolling elements is thus toothed in the first engagement region with the teeth of the first body.
  • second toothing of the first body is thus toothed in the first engagement region with the teeth of the first body.
  • Rolling elements in a second engagement region with the toothing of the second body in engagement ie toothed with this toothing in the second engagement region.
  • one of the tooth pairings in particular first toothing of the roller body and toothing of the first body or second toothing of the roller body and toothing of the second body, can extend over the entire circumference and form a 1: 1 toothing.
  • the first engagement region and the second engagement region extend only over a part of the circumference of the first toothing of the rolling body and the toothing of the first body or the second toothing of the rolling body and the toothing of the second body, that is not to the entire circumference.
  • the at least two actuators of the rolling elements is displaced in each case in one direction or are exerted by the actuators on the rolling forces forces that the second axis of rotation rotates along a circular path about the first axis of rotation or precesses about this.
  • a rotation axis is initially only a rotation axis in the mathematical sense to understand.
  • the corresponding rolling body or body may be rotatably mounted about the corresponding axis of rotation and / or lying on the axis of rotation technical axis
  • the first distance, in which the first toothing of the rolling body rotates about the second axis of rotation is different from the second distance, in which the second toothing of the rolling element rotates about the second axis of rotation.
  • the teeth of the first body may be an internal toothing and the first toothing of the rolling element is an external toothing or the toothing of the first body is a
  • first toothing of the second body is an internal toothing and the second toothing of the rolling element is an external toothing or the toothing of the second body is an external toothing and the second toothing of the rolling element is an internal toothing.
  • such an electric planetary gear drive on a support structure which may be particularly preferably a housing.
  • the at least two actuators can be fixedly connected to the carrier structure or the housing.
  • either the first or the second body can be firmly connected to the support structure and / or be part of the support structure.
  • the electric epicyclic drive has a carrier structure or a housing as the carrier structure, then only the at least two actuators as well as any further actuators can be firmly connected to the carrier structure and the first body as well as the second body can be rotatable relative to the actuators and the carrier structure.
  • the electric planetary gear drive can be used particularly advantageous as a phase divider, wherein the first Body and the second body can rotate at the same speed about the first axis of rotation, however, wherein the first body for changing the phase relative to the second body is movable back or forth about the first axis of rotation, so that the rotational phase between the first body and the second body can be changed.
  • the electric planetary gear drive may be connected to the first body and / or with the second body each have a shaft or it may be the first and / or the second body part of each wave.
  • the force exerted by the actuators is directed towards the actuator or away from it.
  • the actuators may therefore be referred to as linear actuators, since they advantageously exert a force only in one main direction.
  • the main direction is understood to be a direction in which the forces exerted by the corresponding actuator act on average.
  • a linear actuator is to be understood here as meaning a force in the direction of the actuator or of the actuator in the absence of other influences exercises away.
  • the teeth of the first body the teeth of the first body
  • Gearing of the second body and the teeth of the rolling element a same module and mutually different numbers of teeth on such that the second axis of rotation of actuated by the actuators rolling element substantially on a circular path, with the eccentricity E as the radius of the circular path to the first axis of rotation moves, wherein the first toothing of the rolling body in the toothing of the first body and the second toothing of the rolling body in the
  • the teeth can be kept in engagement only by the forces exerted by the actuators on the rolling elements. It is obvious that the eccentric movement of the rolling element about the first axis of rotation results in mass imbalance, which leads to undesirable vibrations of the electric epicyclic drive.
  • the disengagement of the toothing of the first body with the first toothing of the rolling element and / or the toothing of the second body with the second toothing of the rolling element is limited by the force exerted on the rolling elements by the actuators.
  • high rotational or load torques such as when the drive as
  • Rolling body about the second axis of rotation is rotatably mounted on / in the web and wherein the piercing point of the first axis of rotation, the piercing point of the second axis of rotation and the
  • Piercing point of the third axis of rotation by a plane perpendicular to the first axis of rotation plane lie on a straight line and on this line the piercing point of the first axis of rotation between the piercing points of the second and the third axis of rotation, so that the rolling element rolls in electromechanical actuation with its first toothing in the toothing of the first body and with its second toothing in the toothing of the second body and the at least one third body with its circumference in the
  • E2 radius of the circular path through which the third rotational axis M3 of the third body, which is not connected to the web, passes on the first body and / or second body about the first rotational axis M1 during rolling.
  • the third body is also referred to below as a satellite wheel.
  • the rolling elements can have a plurality of satellite wheels, even with different diameters.
  • a second toothing of the rolling element can also be a satellite wheel
  • the satellite gear associated with the first toothing of the rolling element becomes as a first satellite wheel and the second toothing of the rolling element associated satellite wheel as the second satellite wheel, etc. referred to.
  • the satellite wheels roll over the eccentric diametrically to each other or to a gear tooth disc from the meshing and a
  • the at least one satellite wheel can be achieved in particular that the rolling elements with its at least one toothing is always in engagement with the toothing of the at least one first body, since the satellite wheel with its circumference always in the engagement region of the first toothing of the rolling element and Gearing of the first body diametrically opposite region abuts against the first axis concentric recess of the at least first body and rolls. If none or at least not complete
  • Satellite wheel for this purpose have a minimum mass.
  • the at least one satellite wheel can be achieved in particular that the centers of gravity of the rolling elements and the third body with respect to the first axis as a common axis of rotation are always diametrically opposite.
  • Satellite wheel can be achieved in particular a complete compensation of the caused by the eccentrically moving rolling element unbalance.
  • the masses and mass distributions of bridge and satellite wheel are to be dimensioned so that the resulting center of mass of rolling elements, web and satellite wheel are on the first axis.
  • the mass of the rapidly rotating web to keep low and to distribute the mass of the web so that the center of mass of the web is in relation to rotations about the first axis on this first axis.
  • the web may for this purpose have a particularly suitable geometry and / or the web may partially consist of materials of different density and / or strength.
  • the at least one satellite wheel may have the same or a smaller or a larger rolling diameter than the rolling diameter of the toothing of the at least first body.
  • the at least one satellite wheel at its periphery have a toothing, which is in a corresponding toothing of the at least first body meshing abradable.
  • the satellite wheel may have a toothing, with which it can be rolled in the same toothing of the at least first body, in which also rolls the rolling elements with its first toothing.
  • the satellite gear has the same tooth module and the same pitch circle diameter, as the at least first toothing of the rolling body and rolls in the same toothing of the at least first body in which the at least first
  • both the first toothing of the rolling element and the second toothing of the rolling element have their respective associated satellite wheels.
  • the number of satellite wheels of the rolling element is not limited.
  • the at least one satellite wheel can be electromechanically actuated, particularly advantageously actuated by electromagnetic fields.
  • the at least one satellite wheel may consist partially or entirely of ferromagnetic material or active elements
  • ferromagnetic material or be associated with such.
  • the at least one satellite wheel and / or the rolling elements can be actuated electromechanically and / or electromagnetically.
  • the at least one satellite wheel and / or the rolling elements can both be electromechanically and / or electromagnetically actuated by the same actuators.
  • the inventive at least one satellite wheel can also be combined with an eccentric bearing of the rolling element on the first axis.
  • the teeth of the rolling element, the first body, the second body and the at least one satellite wheel can be dimensioned so that an air gap between the pole shoes of electromagnetic actuators and in some areas or completely ferromagnetic rolling element and / or connected to the rolling elements ferromagnetic active elements minimal but not zero.
  • first toothing and the second toothing of the rolling body rotatably connected to each other and rotatably mounted in the rolling body about the second axis and the teeth of the rolling body, the first body, the second body and the at least one satellite wheel are dimensioned so that a Air gap between the electromagnetic actuators and in some areas or completely ferromagnetic rolling elements and / or connected to the rolling elements ferromagnetic active elements is zero, so that the rolling elements and / or connected to the rolling elements active elements touching on the electromagnetic actuators, such as pole shoes, roll.
  • the intermediate spaces between the actuators can in this case be filled with material (filling material), preferably a non-ferromagnetic or only slightly ferromagnetic material, partially or completely to a concentric about the first axis rolling surface, in which the pole pieces can be embedded flush.
  • the pole shoes can also be covered with the filling material or another tribologically and / or ferromagnetically advantageous material to avoid damage.
  • this invention allows
  • Plastic injection molding embedded fixed and can be encapsulated and at the same time a concentric rolling surface for the rolling elements and / or associated with this active elements is created and manufacturing and adjustment effort to maintain and adjust an air gap can be avoided.
  • the at least one satellite wheel be a friction wheel or a toothed wheel and roll either frictionally or positively on a circumference.
  • the energy is introduced to the movement of the rolling elements or connected thereto elements, preferably to the shift, not mechanically or by mechanical elements in the transmission, but by electromagnetic fields, in particular
  • this principle can be applied to all types of planetary gear transmissions such as wobble gear, eccentric, planetary gear, cam gear, Cylogetriebe etc.
  • first body with a circular circumference about a longitudinal axis concentrically encircling, in particular frontal toothing
  • a second body with a circumferential axis about an axis of symmetry and corresponding to the toothing, in particular frontal toothing, wherein the second body is rotatable and / or tiltable about the longitudinal axis
  • a third body rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis with a coupling structure corresponding to the coupling structure of the second body and
  • the axis of symmetry of the second body is movable on a conical surface by the actuators about the longitudinal axis and the toothing of the first body is at least partially meshing with the toothing of the second body and a rotation of the second body by the corresponding coupling structures of the second and the third body is transferable to the third body.
  • the alternative device according to the invention as a single or multi-stage
  • Electromagnetically directly actuated swash plate drive formed.
  • a further development provides that the toothings of the first and the second body have mutually different numbers of teeth.
  • the coupling structures of the bodies are formed by interlocking structures or profiles.
  • the coupling structures are formed by serrations with the same number of teeth.
  • the coupling structures may be formed by serrations with different numbers of teeth.
  • the serrations of the coupling structures roll into each other.
  • Coupling structures of the second and / or third body is formed by a relative to the longitudinal axis torsionally rigid and flexurally elastic element.
  • the at least one coupling structure of a bellows, a diaphragm, a spring, a flexible sheet, an elastomer, a cardan, a so-called Oldham coupling, a magnetic coupling or a grid-like structure may be formed.
  • one of the coupling structures is formed by elevations (bolts) and the other coupling structure by depressions (bores), in which the elevations dive or vice versa.
  • a spring element can be provided, which is arranged and designed such that a force can be exerted between the first body, the second body and the third body by means of the spring element.
  • the actuators can be actuated separately and / or in groups so that they can be electrically actuated, in particular rotatable around the longitudinal axis.
  • the first body is, for example, a motor housing or a support structure and the third body a
  • the actuators are connected directly to a printed circuit board integrated in the motor housing of a bus-controlled motor control electronics.
  • the toothings / tooth structures and the coupling structures are arranged at different radii about the axis of the longitudinal axis.
  • toothing structures and the coupling structures are on a surface side / front side of the second body
  • Teething structures and the coupling structures may be arranged on opposite surface sides / end faces of the second body.
  • the alternative device has a storage means, in particular a ball bearing, which is designed such that a radial emigration of the second body is prevented.
  • the second body is rotatably mounted and / or tiltable about its center of mass and this particular is on the longitudinal axis.
  • the alternative device in particular its toothings / tooth structures and their coupling structures, may further be designed such that the functions of the toothings and the
  • Coupling structures are interchangeable.
  • 3a shows a detailed view of a gear stage of an electric
  • FIG. 3b shows a sectional view of the gear stage shown in FIG. 3 of an electric epicyclic drive with a positive-guiding satellite wheel
  • toothed gear wheel and a coupled to the gear wheel with large eccentricity orbiting toothed gear
  • 6a-e show parts of an electric planetary gear drive with an eccentric and a toothed gear wheel and an untoothed satellite wheel of different diameters in different views
  • Fig.10 a two-stage electric epicyclic drive with two
  • Gear stages consisting of two eccentrics and two satellite wheels, 1 a two-stage electric circulation wheel drive with an eccentric disc and an eccentric cam,
  • FIG. 6a-d detailed views of the electromagnetically directly actuated
  • Rolling elements for guiding the gear and satellite wheels.
  • the first body a part or more parts of a support structure or a housing, in particular a motor housing, such as an auxiliary bearing cap 4 represent.
  • the second body may also be a motor shaft or part or parts of a support structure or housing (housing), such as an auxiliary bearing cap 4, a motor shaft 9 or a bell 10.
  • the electric epicyclic drive essentially has one
  • Main bearing cap 1 a main bearing 2, mechanical connecting elements 3, an auxiliary bearing cap 4, an auxiliary bearing 5, an internal toothing 6 of the auxiliary bearing cap, a stator 7 with electrically aktuierbaren
  • Electromagnet 8 a motor shaft 9, a torsionally rigidly connected to the motor shaft 9 Bell 10 with internal teeth 12, a first, formed as a double eccentric cam 13, a second eccentric 14 and a third eccentric 15, a first gear toothed disc 1 6 with an external toothing 17, a second gear toothed disc 18 with an outer toothing 19, a ferromagnetic ring 20, an adapter 21, a first satellite wheel 22 in the form of a disc with a
  • External teeth 23 and a second satellite gear 24 in the form of a disc with an external toothing 25 are external teeth 23 and a second satellite gear 24 in the form of a disc with an external toothing 25.
  • the auxiliary bearing cap 4, the stator 7 and the main bearing cap 1 can be connected to each other by means of mechanical fasteners 3 rotatably to a unit and form a first body.
  • the motor shaft 9 with the rotatably connected bell 10 forms a second body.
  • the motor shaft 9 is rotatably supported by bearing elements 2, 5 about a first axis M1 in the main bearing cap 1 and the auxiliary bearing cap 4.
  • the circumferential teeth 6 and 12 of auxiliary bearing cap 4 and main bearing cap 1 lie in mutually parallel planes which are perpendicular to the first axis M1 and are concentric with the first axis M1.
  • Gear tooth disc 1 6 and the second gear tooth 18 can be connected to each other by means of unillustrated elements and / or connection techniques with respect to a second axis M2, which is a common axis of symmetry of these elements and form a rolling element.
  • the teeth 19, 17 of the gear tooth disks 18, 16 lie in mutually parallel planes and are concentric with the second axis M2.
  • the first gear toothed disk 1 6 is rotatably connected to the second gear toothed disk 18, for example via the adapter 21.
  • the ferromagnetic ring 20 may be rotatably or rotatably mounted on the adapter and / or the gear toothed discs.
  • the gear toothed disc 1 6 has a smaller diameter than the internal toothing 6 of the auxiliary bearing cap 4, so that the external toothing 17 of the gear toothed disc 16 in the internal toothing 6 of the auxiliary bearing cap 4 is combing abradable.
  • the gear toothed disc 1 6 may have at least one tooth on its outer circumference less than the internal toothing 6 of the auxiliary bearing cap 4.
  • the toothings of the gear tooth disc 1 6 and auxiliary bearing cap 4 have a same tooth module.
  • the gear toothed disc 18 has a smaller diameter than the internal toothing 12 of the bell 10, so that the external toothing 19 of the gear toothed disc 18 in the internal toothing 12 of the bell 10 can be moved in a combing manner.
  • the gear toothed disc 18 may have at least one tooth less on its outer circumference than the internal toothing 12 of the bell 10.
  • the toothings of the gear toothed disc 18 and the bell 10 have the same tooth module.
  • the teeth 6, 17, 19, 12 may all have the same tooth module.
  • the pair of teeth 6, 17 the same eccentricity as the pair of teeth 12, 19. Eccentricity E is hereby understood the maximum radius of the circular path on which the axis of symmetry of each gear (Lotachse through the
  • Gear toothed disc around which the toothing rotates at a constant distance) when rolling in the corresponding internal toothing parallel to the first axis rotates about the first axis.
  • the gear tooth disc 1 6 one of the
  • Gear toothed disc 18 different diameters and / or
  • the toothing 17 may also be an internal toothing and the toothing 6 is an external toothing and the toothing 19 is an internal toothing and the toothing 12 may be an external toothing.
  • the toothing 17 can also be an external toothing and the toothing 6 can be an internal toothing and the toothing 19 can be an internal toothing and the toothing 12 can be an external toothing.
  • the toothing 17 can also be an internal toothing and the toothing 6 can be an external toothing and the toothing 19 can be an external toothing and the toothing 12 can be an internal toothing.
  • the rolling element can be rotatably mounted on the motor shaft by means of a first eccentric 13 about the motor shaft 9 or about the first axis M1.
  • the eccentricity of the eccentric 13 is suitably adapted to that of the toothed pairings 6 with 17 and 12 with 19, so that the toothed pairings can be rolled into one another.
  • the eccentricity of the eccentric 13 is equal to or less than the eccentricity of the toothed pairings.
  • the adapter 21 is rotatably mounted on the eccentric 13 and the adapter 21 is rotatably connected to the ferromagnetic ring 20 and the gear teeth pulleys 1 6, 18.
  • a circulating current around the first axis M1 sequential energization of the electromagnets 8 is to be understood, wherein a plurality of electromagnets can be energized simultaneously and / or energized with different amplitude and / or the current direction of adjacent electromagnets be the same or opposite can.
  • the rolling element according to the invention at least one phase-synchronous to the gear tooth disks 18, 1 6, however
  • the at least one satellite gear 22 is dragged by the rolling element via the eccentric 14, wherein it rolls with its outer teeth 23 in a concentric with the first axis M1 located corresponding internal toothing, which are the teeth 12 of the bell 10 or the toothing 6 of the auxiliary bearing cap 4 can.
  • Gear toothed disc 18 rotatably mounted. This is only an example. For the function, it is irrelevant whether the eccentric 14 is mounted on one of the gear tooth disks 1 6, 18 and / or the adapter 21 and / or the ring 20. In particular, eccentric cams may be present instead of eccentric discs.
  • the second satellite gear 24 may have an outer toothing 25, with which it rolls in the inner toothing 6 of the auxiliary bearing cap 4.
  • the number of satellite wheels of a rolling element is basically not limited.
  • Transmission gears differing diameters, thicknesses or
  • Fig.1, Fig.2 represents insofar as a preferred embodiment, as a gear toothed wheel and associated satellite gear toothing technology largely can be performed as common parts.
  • the respective satellite wheel can roll in the same toothing, as the associated gear toothed wheel.
  • the satellite gear 22 rolls with its external teeth 23 meshing in the internal teeth 12 of the bell 10.
  • the satellite gear 24 rotates with its external teeth 25 meshing in the internal teeth 6 of the auxiliary bearing cap 4th
  • the idea according to the invention ensures that the engagement regions of the gear toothed disks and the satellite wheels with the corresponding toothings are always geometrically diametrically opposite, thus ensuring a secure tooth engagement under all operating conditions, in particular high load moments.
  • the idea according to the invention makes possible a complete compensation of mass imbalances in the motor transmissions according to the invention, since the centers of gravity of the gear toothed disks and of the satellite wheels lie opposite one another with respect to the axis of rotation.
  • the satellite wheel can therefore serve as a counterweight to the eccentrically rotating mass of the rolling element and be suitably matched in terms of its mass.
  • At least one of the rapidly rotating eccentric cam of the eccentric 13, 14, 15, a fan be attached.
  • the idea according to the invention is characterized by a high degree of effectiveness, since it presents several problems with a structurally simple,
  • the axes M1, M2 and M3 are spaced apart from each other in parallel.
  • the second axis runs parallel to the first axis in a circular orbit about the first axis.
  • the third axis parallel spaced from the first axis synchronously with the second axis, but mechanically 180 degrees out of phase, on a
  • Circular path around the first axis Circular path around the first axis.
  • the eccentric 13 in particular a double eccentric, designed as a motor shaft eccentric, can also be dispensed with altogether.
  • the axis of rotation of the electromagnetically driven rotor is stationary.
  • Such a rotor can only be set in rotation by electromagnetic forces acting tangentially on the rotor.
  • FIG. 3a shows a schematic representation of parts of an electric Umlaufganjans in plan view, with a housing 4, located in the housing 4 first concentric to an axis M1 recess 6.1, a second located in the housing 4 and the axis M1
  • FIG. 3b shows a sectional view along the axis A - A ', of the embodiment shown in Figure 3a.
  • the gear 1 6 is one
  • Satellite wheel 24 about an axis of symmetry M3 rotatably mounted in the web 26.3.
  • the satellite gear 24 has a central recess 24.1, in which engages a cylindrical pin 26.2 of the web 26.3.
  • the web 26.3 together with the pins 26.1 and 26.2 the eccentric 26, which is also indexed for simplicity as a whole with the numeral 26.
  • the axes M1, M2 and M3 are rotation or rotation axes and parallel to each other and spaced.
  • the penetration points of the rotation axes M1, M2 and M3 through a solder plane of the first rotation axis lie on a straight line and are spaced from each other.
  • the first rotation axis M1 lies on the straight line between the second and third rotation axes M2 and M3.
  • the gear wheel 1 6 can roll with its circumference at the concentric recess 6.1 of the housing 4.
  • the satellite wheel 24 can roll with its circumference at the concentric recess 6.2 in the housing 4.
  • Both the gear wheel 1 6 and the satellite gear 24 may have circumferentially extending teeth, which are in each case in corresponding toothings of the concentric recesses 6.1, 6.2 of the housing 4 can be rolled.
  • the arrangement is also frictional
  • the engagement of the toothing of the gear wheel 1 6 in the corresponding toothing 6.1 of the housing 4 in particular thereby ensuring that the satellite wheel 24 is mounted in the web 26 at a distance E2 from the first axis M1 rotatably about the third axis M3 and the gear wheel 1 6 in the web 26 at a distance E1 from the first axis M1 rotatable about the second axis M2 is stored, wherein E1 denotes the radius of the circular path, which passes through the axis of rotation M2 of the not connected to the web 26.3 gear 16 when the gear wheel 1 6 is rolled in the recess 6.1.
  • E 2 denotes the radius of the circular path through which the third axis of rotation M 3 of the satellite wheel 24, which is not connected to the web 26. 3, passes when the satellite gear 24 is displaced in the recess 6.2.
  • the resulting center of gravity of gear wheel and satellite gear and the piercing points of the first, second and third axes M1, M2, M3 lie on a straight line and the straight line in a plane of solder of the first axis M1.
  • the housing 4 may be rotatably mounted and, for example, a Represent drive or output shaft.
  • the electric planetary gear drive is particularly suitable as a superposition gear or superposition drive.
  • the satellite gear 24 is entrained by the mechanical coupling of gear wheel 1 6 and satellite gear 24 via the web 26.3, and rolls in synchronism with the gear wheel 1 6 at / in the housing bore 6.2 from the contact areas and / or the engagement regions of gear wheel 1 6 with housing recess 6.1 and satellite gear 24 with housing recess 6.2 with respect to the rotation axis M1 diametrically opposite. A disengaged from the gearing of the gear is safely prevented in this way.
  • the satellite wheel may also be actively driven, for example by means of electromagnetic forces from actuators, wherein in particular the drive actuators of the satellite wheel may also be those of the gear wheel.
  • Gear wheels and satellite wheels can in this way of a stator and its stator windings
  • Gear and the at least one satellite wheel be present.
  • the following examples Fig. 4a to Fig. 4d with toothed gear and satellite wheels serve to further illustrate preferred embodiments of the inventive idea.
  • FIG. 4 b shows an exemplary embodiment with a medium eccentricity satellite gear 24 of medium diameter.
  • Fig. 4c shows an embodiment with a low eccentricity satellite gear 24 of large diameter, wherein
  • the eccentric 26 degenerates to a double cam, with two offset with respect to the rotation axis M1 by 180 against each other Single cam 26.1 and 26.2.
  • this can reduce the axial extent along the axis M1 of the arrangement of gear wheel 1 6, satellite wheel 24 and eccentric 26, as shown in Fig.4c and Fig.4d.
  • 4 d shows an embodiment with the same eccentricity of gear wheel 1 6 and satellite gear 24, wherein the gear wheel 1 6 and the satellite wheel 24 in a common housing toothing 6 roll.
  • Gear wheel 1 6 and satellite gear 24 can hereby be toothing technology largely identical gears and, for example, same
  • the toothing 17 and the toothing 25 may be identical.
  • the satellite wheel 24 for economic producibility and / or compensation of an imbalance may have a deviating from the gear wheel 1 6 thickness and / or consist of a different material.
  • plain bearings and / or bearings can be used.
  • FIGS. 5 to 8 show various gear stages forcibly guided by satellite wheels for an electric epicyclic drive.
  • the illustrations a to d show different views and sections of the respective embodiment.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 5a to 5e has a toothed gear wheel 1 6 with an external toothing 17 and a toothed gear
  • Satellite wheel 24 with an external toothing 25 wherein the
  • Satellite wheel 24 are coupled via an eccentric 26 mechanically 180 degrees out of phase.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 6a to 6e has a toothed gear wheel 1 6 with an outer toothing 17 and an untoothed satellite gear 24, in which the corresponding housing recess 6.2 of the satellite wheel 24 has a larger diameter than the gear teeth toothing 6.1 corresponding to the gear wheel 6 ,
  • Satellite wheel 24 rolls frictionally in the concentric Housing recess 6.2 from. Gear wheel 1 6 and satellite wheel 24 are coupled via an eccentric 26 mechanically 180 degrees out of phase.
  • gear wheels are provided
  • the satellite gear 24 is guided by an eccentric disk 26 which is rotatably mounted on a central cylindrical extension 1 6.1 of the gear wheel 1 6.
  • Gear 1 6 and satellite wheel 24 have the same eccentricity, i.
  • FIG. 9 shows first a single-stage electric epicyclic drive with a first (single) gear stage G1, comprising
  • the eccentric 26 ensures that the teeth 17, 25 of
  • the eccentric 26 is formed in such a multi-stage of two step segments that at least a first step segment has a first longitudinal axis L1, which corresponds to the second axis of rotation M2 of the gear wheel 1 6, in particular extends along this, and a second step segment has a second longitudinal axis L2 which corresponds to, in particular extends along, the third rotation axis M3 of the satellite wheel 24.
  • Gear wheel 1 6 and the satellite gear 24 offset in the same direction rotation, which can be tapped via mechanical coupling elements, not shown, for example, bellows, cardan shafts, scenes, Oldham couplings. Due to the single-step reduction given by the quotient of the number of teeth difference of the teeth 6 to the toothing 17 and the number of teeth of the teeth 17, the torque tends to be rather low and the rotational speed tends to be rather high.
  • the electric planetary gear can drive to a differential
  • Electric drive can be extended, which can produce high torques at correspondingly low output speeds.
  • Fig. 1 shows a particularly flat-built electric Umlauferantrieb in which the gear teeth pulleys or gears are 6.18 on one side of the ferromagnetic ring and one of
  • Ferromagnetic ring 20 are connected to each other torsionally rigid and rotatably connected as a unit with the satellite gear 24 via the eccentric 26.
  • the unit of gear wheel 1 6.18 and ring 20 is rotatably mounted on the motor shaft 9 with the eccentric 9 eccentrically.
  • the geometric and gearing technical conditions are chosen in the manner already described so that the engagement portions of the teeth of the two gears 1 6, 18 in the corresponding teeth 6 of the housing 4 and the bell 12 of the motor shaft 9 the engagement region of the teeth 25 of the satellite wheel 24 with a corresponding one
  • Housing toothing 6 which may be different from the corresponding with the gear wheel 18 housing toothing, diametrically
  • the embodiment of an electric planetary gear drive shown in Figure 12 is functionally identical to that shown in Figure 1, Fig.2 largely identical, but the satellite wheels 23, 24 are mounted in a different way.
  • the drive has a central on the motor shaft 9 about the first axis M1 rotatably mounted eccentric 13, with the four eccentric discs 13a, 13b, 13c and 13d.
  • the eccentric 13 may have an asymmetric about the first axis M1 mass distribution.
  • the gear tooth disk 1 6 at a circular and concentric with the second axis M2 recess 1 6a rotatably mounted on the eccentric disk 1 6a of the eccentric 13.
  • the gear toothed disk 18 is rotatably mounted on the eccentric disk 13b of the eccentric 13 on a circular recess 18b concentric with the second axis M2.
  • the eccentric 13 has two further eccentric discs 13c, 13d, with the eccentric discs 13a, 13b with respect to the first axis of rotation M1 opposite eccentricity on which the satellite wheels 22, 24 are rotatably mounted.
  • the eccentric disc 13d is rotatably mounted on / in an inner circular recess 22d of the satellite wheel 22.
  • the eccentric 13c on / in an inner
  • FIG. 13 shows an electric planetary gear drive in which the gear toothed disks and the satellite wheels are toothed ring gears which are rotatably mounted on eccentric disks.
  • Like reference numerals have analogous meaning.
  • the electric epicyclic wheel drives according to the invention differ from the prior art electric motors in particular in that the axis M2 (second axis) of the
  • Electromagnetically driven rolling elements on a circular path and in parallel from the motor shaft axis M1 (first axis) spaced around the motor shaft rotates.
  • Rolling elements thus result in its movement variable Distances to a support structure (motor housing) in which the motor shaft is rotatably mounted about the axis M1.
  • the variable distances are used as air gaps for the exertion of electromagnetic forces on the rolling elements.
  • the support structure concentrically arranged around the motor shaft axis M1 electromagnets and the rolling elements on ferromagnetic material. When current is applied to at least one of the electromagnets, a magnetic force emanating from the latter onto the rolling element acts. If the rolling element is located exactly above the electromagnet, the rolling element remains at rest.
  • the rolling body endeavors to assume a position corresponding to an energetic minimum (potential minimum), which manifests itself in a magnetic force directed to the electromagnet. Due to the kinematic boundary conditions according to the invention, the rolling element can take this position only by himself with his
  • Motor housing and the motor shaft rolls, whereby the motor shaft is rotated.
  • the idea according to the invention is applicable to all types of epicyclic gearboxes, for example cam disk drives, cycloidal gears (cycloidal gearboxes), wobble gears, eccentric gears, planetary gears, etc., which can be directly electrically actuated without the detour via a separate electric motor.
  • FIG. 14a shows an exemplary embodiment which is based on the eccentric gears shown in FIGS. 14b and 15e, which depending on the design are also referred to as cycloidal transmissions or cam disk transmissions.
  • the cam gear schematically shown in Fig.14b has as essential elements a cam 1 6 with a
  • External toothing 17, which is in an internal toothing 6 of a housing 4 around a central axis 9 can be rolled.
  • the external teeth 17 of the cam 1 6 is pronounced as cycloidal toothing and the internal teeth 6 of the housing 4 in the form of rotatably mounted bolts.
  • the cam plate 1 6 is rotatably mounted on the one hand on the central axis 9 on an eccentric 13 and on the other hand by rotatably mounted pin 26 which can roll in recesses 27 of the cam out.
  • Fig. 14e shows in this regard another example in which two externally toothed discs 1 6.1, 16.2 offset in one
  • the gears are designed as classical gears.
  • the mechanical coupling of the two eccentrically moved toothed discs 1 6.1, 1 6.2 is carried out by bolts 26 of the toothed disc 1 6.2, which engage in corresponding circular recesses 27 of the toothed disc 1 6.1 and roll in this.
  • the drive is shown in Fig.14e
  • Eccentric by a connected to the central axis 9 or mounted on this eccentric 13, which is connected for example with an electric motor.
  • the electromechanical drive as shown in FIG. 14a is effected by direct electromagnetic or electromechanical actuation of cycloidal and / or cam gear mechanisms, as described in more detail below.
  • a drive preferably has electromagnetic actuators 8 which are connected to the at least one cam disk and / or or eccentric disk 1 6 or 20 acting on these associated active elements direct, preferably electromagnetic forces and in particular acting on an air gap electromagnetic forces.
  • the at least one cam 1 6 may have a concentric on / on the cam fixed ring, disc or bell-shaped ferromagnetic active element 20, or the cam itself consists wholly or partly of ferromagnetic material.
  • the active element 20 may also be segmented and / or also
  • such an active element can consist of a ring 20 of ferromagnetic material, as shown in FIG. 14c, which, like FIG. 14a, is connected to the axis of symmetry of the cam disk 1 6 centrally.
  • Cam drive according to the invention a stator 7, with electrically circumferentially actuated electromagnet 8, as shown in Figure 14d.
  • the stator 7 is oriented with its electromagnet 8 with pole pieces 8 concentric with a central axis 9, around which the cam 19 moves wobbling, in particular so that the electromagnets 8 can enter into operative connection with the ferromagnetic ring 20.
  • the stator 7 may be connected to a housing of the cam gear or be such. Since the cam disc 1 6 and the associated with this ferromagnetic ring 20 are mounted eccentrically on the central axis 9, or move eccentrically about this, take the air gaps formed between the ferromagnetic ring 20 and the individual pole pieces 8 of the electromagnets to different values.
  • the minimum distance of a certain pole piece to the ferromagnetic ring therefore varies between a maximum and a minimum.
  • sequential circulating current supply at least one of the electromagnets 8,
  • more of the electromagnets 8 at the same time and in particular overlapping can be exerted on the ferromagnetic ring 20 around the central axis 9 circumferential forces that lead to the rolling of connected to the ferromagnetic ring 20 at least one cam 1 6 and thus to rotate.
  • FIG. 15 shows a planetary gear drive with four planet wheels 1 6.1, 1 6.2, 1 6.3, 1 6.4 rotatably mounted about its respective axis in a frame 28, which can be shifted on a sun wheel 10 and on a housing toothing 6, wherein the planet gears are concentric around their respective axis ferromagnetic active elements
  • 20.2, 20.3, 20.4 formed in the form of cylindrical body, which surround the axes of the planet gears 1 6.1, 1 6.2, 1 6.3, 1 6.4.
  • An output can take place either via the sun gear 10 and a shaft 9.1 connected thereto, a frame 28 connecting the axes of the planetary gears and a shaft 9.2 connected thereto, through the housing 4 or relative to each other.
  • Planetary gear from which the arrangement of the individual elements can be taken more accurately.
  • according to the invention are also one or more stages
  • Such a swash plate drive has in particular, a one or more to a first axis M1 on a swash plate 31 encircling teeth 1 6.18, corresponding to the teeth 16 housing toothing 6, a toothing 18 corresponding to the teeth 12 a about a first axis M1 in a housing 4,7 rotatably mounted motor shaft 9, around the first axis M1 rotating electrically actuatable electromagnets 8 of a stator 7, storage means 29 of the swash plate 31, pressure elements 30 and a housing 4, 7.
  • the swash plate 31 consists wholly or partly of ferromagnetic Material, or has wholly or in part active elements of ferromagnetic material.
  • the teeth 6 and 16 have different dimensions
  • teeth 12 and 18 have different numbers of teeth and are intermeshable.
  • the transmission ratio of toothing 6 to toothing 1 6 is different from the
  • Swash plate 31 is circumferentially tiltable about a defined by a storage means 29 point with respect to the first axis M1 (nutation). By rotating around the first axis M1 actuation of the electromagnets 8 can rotate on the swash plate 31 about the first axis
  • a pressure means 30, for example in the form of a spring, serves to ensure the meshing and serves in the
  • FIGS. 18a and 18b The exemplary embodiment of an electric epicyclic drive illustrated in FIGS. 18a and 18b has cylindrical rolling bodies 32, 33 for guiding the gear wheels 16, 18 and the satellite wheels 22, 24.
  • the rolling elements 32, 33 roll on inner concentric recesses of the gears 1 6, 18 and the satellite wheels 22,24, wherein they are supported on the at least one mounted on the motor shaft 9 bearings 34. In this way, the gears and the
  • Satellite wheels are held in opposite areas engaged and an imbalance compensation can be achieved.
  • self-guiding teeth for example, cycloid gears with tooth difference at least one or 1: 1 gears (coupling teeth), are used.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de génération électromécanique d'une rotation, comprenant au moins un étage de transmission (G1, G2) qui comprend au moins : - un premier corps (4) qui comporte une denture (6 ou 6.1) tournant autour d'un premier axe de rotation (M1) le long d'une première circonférence circulaire; - un deuxième corps (10, 9 ou 4) qui comporte une denture (12 ou 6.2) tournant autour du premier axe de rotation (M1) le long d'une deuxième circonférence circulaire; - au moins un corps de roulement (16, 18, 20, 21, 22, 24) qui comporte au moins une denture (17 ou 19) tournant autour d'un deuxième axe de rotation (M2) le long d'une circonférence circulaire à une première distance (E1) et au moins une denture ou une surface de roulement (23, 25) tournant autour d'un troisième axe de rotation (M3) le long d'une circonférence circulaire à une deuxième distance (E2). Les dentures (6 ou 6.1) du premier corps (4) et les dentures (12 ou 6.2) du deuxième corps (10, 9 ou 14) sont agencées coaxialement les unes par rapport aux autres, le deuxième axe de rotation (M2) est parallèle au premier axe de rotation (M1) et à distance de ce dernier et tourne sur une trajectoire circulaire, et le troisième axe de rotation (M3) est parallèle au premier axe de rotation (M1) et à distance de ce dernier et tourne sur une trajectoire circulaire.
PCT/EP2014/051816 2013-01-30 2014-01-30 Dispositif de génération électromécanique d'une rotation et mécanisme d'entraînement planétaire WO2014118284A2 (fr)

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CN106884946B (zh) * 2015-11-04 2021-07-27 波音公司 椭圆接口摆动运动的传动系统及方法
US10024391B2 (en) 2016-01-06 2018-07-17 The Boeing Company Elliptically interfacing gearbox
US10574109B2 (en) 2016-04-28 2020-02-25 The Boeing Company Permanent magnet biased virtual elliptical motor
US10215244B2 (en) 2017-03-02 2019-02-26 The Boeing Company Elliptically interfacing gear assisted braking system
US10520063B2 (en) 2017-04-21 2019-12-31 The Boeing Company Mechanical virtual elliptical drive
US10612626B2 (en) 2017-05-03 2020-04-07 The Boeing Company Self-aligning virtual elliptical drive
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