WO2014116133A2 - Process and process facility unit for capture, separation, purification and compression of hydrocarbons from depths of marine waters - Google Patents

Process and process facility unit for capture, separation, purification and compression of hydrocarbons from depths of marine waters Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014116133A2
WO2014116133A2 PCT/RO2014/000005 RO2014000005W WO2014116133A2 WO 2014116133 A2 WO2014116133 A2 WO 2014116133A2 RO 2014000005 W RO2014000005 W RO 2014000005W WO 2014116133 A2 WO2014116133 A2 WO 2014116133A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydrocarbons
depths
capture
water
separation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RO2014/000005
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2014116133A3 (en
Inventor
Cicu Paul CĂTĂLIN
Tonca Lucian TUDOR
Bumbac GHEORGHE
Original Assignee
Performer Trade Engineering Co. Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Performer Trade Engineering Co. Srl filed Critical Performer Trade Engineering Co. Srl
Publication of WO2014116133A2 publication Critical patent/WO2014116133A2/en
Publication of WO2014116133A3 publication Critical patent/WO2014116133A3/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G33/00—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
    • E21B41/0099—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates

Definitions

  • the invention refers to a process and its facility unit, composed of interconnected equipment and machinery and its operation procedure, which we call in this text "process facility unit", designated for capture, separation, purification and compression of hydrocarbons located as natural deposits into the depth of marine water media (e.g. depth of seas or oceans, etc) for the purpose of their economic or/and domestic exploitation and use.
  • process unit could be placed and operated on both fixed and mobile bearing marine platforms (e.g. marine vessel).
  • the water dissolved form of hydrocarbons, mentioned above, located in deep underwater media is characterized by different concentrations of hydrocarbons, as a function of thermodynamic conditions existing there. For example, in the case of methane dissolved in water in isotherm conditions, at 6°C, by changing pressure from 0 to 200 barg, methane concentration in water varies from very small values to 8 kg/m 3 . At the same pressure if the temperature is increasing (e.g. 10°C comparatively with 6°C) the dissolved hydrocarbons content of water is decreasing (see Fig. 1).
  • the principle of the proposed process here is based on the fact that the content of hydrocarbons in water, as mentioned above, strongly depends on the pressure conditions of the mixture formed by them.
  • the innovative character of the proposed process consists in the manner of the sequence of actions that start with capturing of fluid mixture having water and hydrocarbons as principal constituents, fluid mixture transport from the depths to the water surface, this upward transport, which is initially stimulated by forced circulation leads to a hydrostatic pressure decreasing that favors the advanced segregation of phases, thus, as a consequence, a gas liquid suspension appears from the initial captured fluid).
  • the appearance of gas-liquid mixture leads to a self-sustained upward movement of this multiphase fluid mixture due to shrinkage of its specific density.
  • hydrocarbons brought to the water surface from the deep sea are processed in a succession of operations consisting of separation, purification and compression, the hydrocarbons product being sent to the distribution network for exploitation and use.
  • crystal-hydrates crystals containing aqueous organic compounds and / or aqueous inorganic compounds.
  • natural gas hydrates can be found on the seabed , in ocean sediments or in deep lake sediments as crystal clusters or in the form of solid particles suspended in ground water.
  • natural gas hydrates do not contain only methane but also other hydrocarbon gases, as well as H2S and C02. (crystal-hydrates of gases components are known as clathrate hydrates).
  • transport tube a tubular system built at different geometrical shapes, at different scales and dimensions manufactured from various waterproof materials designated to facilitate the transport of fluid mixture from marine water depth towards the water surface. Simultaneous with the fluid transport it is possible to appear other properties transport phenomena (i.e. heat transfer, mass transfer or moment transfer) between the transported fluid and its exterior.
  • tube's end for fluid capture (capture-end): part belong to the tube on its extremity, immersed in deep marine waters, serving to its feeding with fluid mixture tubes end for fluid discharge (discharge-end): part belong to the tube on its extremity located on the opposite side of the tube's end for fluid capture, serving to evacuate its fluid mixture content; a. Title of the invention
  • the invention relates to a process and process facility unit for obtaining gaseous hydrocarbons from marine underwater depths, where they can be found dissolved in water and/or in the form of crystalline structures (crystal-hydrates) for their economically exploitation.
  • the technical problem solved by the proposed invention is the manner of capture, separation, purification and compression of gaseous hydrocarbons from marine underwater depths where they can be found dissolved in water and/or in the form of crystalline structures (crystal-hydrates).
  • the process involves capturing the fluid mixture consisting of hydrocarbons and marine water, circulating the above mentioned fluid mixture to the surface by forced circulation combined with self-sustaining circulation, equipped or not with a heating system, separation of hydrocarbons from inert solids, water and non-hydrocarbon gaseous components, and, finally, these separated hydrocarbons are subject to compression and purification.
  • the steps of this procedure are in accordance with the block diagram shown in Figure no. 2.
  • the process facility unit according to the proposed invention that applies the aforementioned process is characterized by the fact that through a transport tube, equipped with a capture-end and a discharge-end, a fluid mixture, consisting from hydrocarbons and water, are captured from the depth marine locations, and circulated by forced water circulation combined by self-sustaining circulation from the capture-end to the discharge-end located at the marine water surface where are processed in order to hydrocarbons recovery and distributed as a product to different users.
  • the above mentioned self-sustaining circulation of the fluid mixture is initiated through a forced circulation system which induced an upward movement of the fluid inside the transport tube.
  • the self-sustaining circulation fluid is based on density difference between the ends of the transport tube which occurs due to the tendency of hydrocarbons from the initial fluid mixture to pass into a separate gaseous phase as the fluid mixture reduces its hydrostatic pressure due to its ascendant movement. This synergetic phenomenon can be enhanced by heating the fluid mixture circulating between the ends of the tube.
  • the fluid mixture containing as carried components the hydrocarbons and possible some solid particles enters in a phase separator where the solids are removed, the gas phase and respectively the liquid phase follow separate process paths: the liquid phase enters in a heat exchange system to release hydrocarbons that are still dissolved, and afterwards they go into a two-phase separator, the separate water being removed and the resulted gases are in turn combined with the gas phase resulting from the tri-phase separator.
  • the gaseous hydrocarbons resulted are compressed and purified from acidic gaseous components (C0 2 , H 2 S) in a specific separation unit.
  • acidic gaseous components C0 2 , H 2 S
  • the captured hydrocarbons result from this facility is in a compressed form.
  • the capture of fluid mixture with high hydrocarbon content, from depth areas of marine water, is done through a transport tube 1 (dimensioned according to suitable calculation algorithms) via its capture-end part and transported through transport tube 1 by forced circulation produced by a dedicated system 2 * combined with the fluid mixture self-sustaining circulation.
  • the fluid mixture having a high content of hydrocarbons and also solid particles from depth marine waters set into ascendant motion through transport tube 1 to the discharge-end could be also enhanced by warming of this fluid mixture using natural and /or artificial heating resources.
  • the fluid mixture circulating by/through this becomes a system containing tri-phases (solid-liquid-gas), this fluid system being directed to a separating equipment of the tri-phases 3 which will separate this mixture in three individual phases: a liquid phase, a gaseous phase and a solid phase.
  • the solid phase will be removed and the liquid phase enters in a heat exchange system 4 wherein there occurs the advance released of hydrocarbons still retained in this phase.
  • the effluent from the heat exchange system 4 goes into the two-phase separator 5 where the resulted liquid phase is removed and the gaseous phase combines in the gas meter 6 with the gaseous phase coming from the separator 3.
  • the gaseous hydrocarbons will be compressed to a specific pressure using a compression system 7, and after this the compressed hydrocarbon enters into a unit for separation and removal of acid components 8, hydrocarbons resulting from the separation being directed to users.
  • the flow maintenance system 2 can be located both on the surface and submerged (possibly even at the capture-end of the transport tube)

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

Abstract

The proposed invention relates to a process used for obtaining hydrocarbons from depth waters and a process facility unit for the application of the method. The process according to the invention consists in capturing water containing hydrocarbons from the marine water depth, circulating the captured fluid mixture through the transport system, in which the transported fluid can be optionally heated, to the discharge area, where, through an adequate processing, there occurs the separation and removal of unwanted components from the fluid captured from depth marine waters, the resulting hydrocarbons being captured, purified, compressed and used. The process facility unit according to the proposed invention consists of a transport tube (1) for capture and circulation of water containing hydrocarbons from the depth, a system (2) for maintenance of the captured fluid flow, a tri-phases separator (3)f a heat exchanger (4) with a phase separator (5), a gas meter (6) for conditioning the pressure and flow of resulting gaseous hydrocarbons, a compression system (7) and a system (8) for separation and purification of hydrocarbons.

Description

PROCESS AND PROCESS FACILITY UNIT FOR CAPTURE, SEPARATION, PURIFICATION AND COMPRESSION OF
HYDROCARBONS FROM DEPTHS OF MARINE WATERS
Preamble
The invention refers to a process and its facility unit, composed of interconnected equipment and machinery and its operation procedure, which we call in this text "process facility unit", designated for capture, separation, purification and compression of hydrocarbons located as natural deposits into the depth of marine water media (e.g. depth of seas or oceans, etc) for the purpose of their economic or/and domestic exploitation and use. Above mentioned process unit could be placed and operated on both fixed and mobile bearing marine platforms (e.g. marine vessel).
The importance of this invention is determined by the result of numerous research and specialized studies that have confirmed the presence of methane and other hydrocarbons in the aquatic deep both in water dissolved form and solid state compounds generically called crystal-hydrates.
The water dissolved form of hydrocarbons, mentioned above, located in deep underwater media is characterized by different concentrations of hydrocarbons, as a function of thermodynamic conditions existing there. For example, in the case of methane dissolved in water in isotherm conditions, at 6°C, by changing pressure from 0 to 200 barg, methane concentration in water varies from very small values to 8 kg/m3. At the same pressure if the temperature is increasing (e.g. 10°C comparatively with 6°C) the dissolved hydrocarbons content of water is decreasing (see Fig. 1).
The principle of the proposed process here is based on the fact that the content of hydrocarbons in water, as mentioned above, strongly depends on the pressure conditions of the mixture formed by them.
The innovative character of the proposed process consists in the manner of the sequence of actions that start with capturing of fluid mixture having water and hydrocarbons as principal constituents, fluid mixture transport from the depths to the water surface, this upward transport, which is initially stimulated by forced circulation leads to a hydrostatic pressure decreasing that favors the advanced segregation of phases, thus, as a consequence, a gas liquid suspension appears from the initial captured fluid). The appearance of gas-liquid mixture leads to a self-sustained upward movement of this multiphase fluid mixture due to shrinkage of its specific density. Finally, hydrocarbons brought to the water surface from the deep sea are processed in a succession of operations consisting of separation, purification and compression, the hydrocarbons product being sent to the distribution network for exploitation and use.
The advantages of the implementation of this proposed invention are both economic (obtaining hydrocarbons with market characteristics) and environmental, by reducing hydrocarbon emissions from marine water depths towards the environment (Catastrophic release of methane from the decomposition of such deposits may lead to a global climate change, because CH4 is more dangerous gas than C02).
Abbreviations / Definitions
crystal-hydrates: crystals containing aqueous organic compounds and / or aqueous inorganic compounds. Naturally, on Earth gas hydrates can be found on the seabed , in ocean sediments or in deep lake sediments as crystal clusters or in the form of solid particles suspended in ground water. However, natural gas hydrates do not contain only methane but also other hydrocarbon gases, as well as H2S and C02. (crystal-hydrates of gases components are known as clathrate hydrates).
transport tube: a tubular system built at different geometrical shapes, at different scales and dimensions manufactured from various waterproof materials designated to facilitate the transport of fluid mixture from marine water depth towards the water surface. Simultaneous with the fluid transport it is possible to appear other properties transport phenomena (i.e. heat transfer, mass transfer or moment transfer) between the transported fluid and its exterior.
tube's end for fluid capture (capture-end): part belong to the tube on its extremity, immersed in deep marine waters, serving to its feeding with fluid mixture tubes end for fluid discharge (discharge-end): part belong to the tube on its extremity located on the opposite side of the tube's end for fluid capture, serving to evacuate its fluid mixture content; a. Title of the invention
PROCESS AND PROCESS FACILITY UNIT FOR CAPTURE, SEPARATION,
PURIFICATION AND COMPRESSION OF HYDROCARBONS FROM DEPTHS OF MARINE WATER
b. area to apply the proposed invention;
The invention relates to a process and process facility unit for obtaining gaseous hydrocarbons from marine underwater depths, where they can be found dissolved in water and/or in the form of crystalline structures (crystal-hydrates) for their economically exploitation.
c. description of existing situation in the subject of the proposed invention;
Currently no similar procedures, dedicated to this purpose, are known.
d. description of technical problem solved by the proposed invention;
The technical problem solved by the proposed invention is the manner of capture, separation, purification and compression of gaseous hydrocarbons from marine underwater depths where they can be found dissolved in water and/or in the form of crystalline structures (crystal-hydrates).
e. description of technical solution according to the proposed invention, emphasizing the original scientific creation elements or technical features, that solve the technical problem mentioned above;
The process involves capturing the fluid mixture consisting of hydrocarbons and marine water, circulating the above mentioned fluid mixture to the surface by forced circulation combined with self-sustaining circulation, equipped or not with a heating system, separation of hydrocarbons from inert solids, water and non-hydrocarbon gaseous components, and, finally, these separated hydrocarbons are subject to compression and purification. The steps of this procedure are in accordance with the block diagram shown in Figure no. 2.
The process facility unit according to the proposed invention that applies the aforementioned process is characterized by the fact that through a transport tube, equipped with a capture-end and a discharge-end, a fluid mixture, consisting from hydrocarbons and water, are captured from the depth marine locations, and circulated by forced water circulation combined by self-sustaining circulation from the capture-end to the discharge-end located at the marine water surface where are processed in order to hydrocarbons recovery and distributed as a product to different users.
The above mentioned self-sustaining circulation of the fluid mixture is initiated through a forced circulation system which induced an upward movement of the fluid inside the transport tube. The self-sustaining circulation fluid is based on density difference between the ends of the transport tube which occurs due to the tendency of hydrocarbons from the initial fluid mixture to pass into a separate gaseous phase as the fluid mixture reduces its hydrostatic pressure due to its ascendant movement. This synergetic phenomenon can be enhanced by heating the fluid mixture circulating between the ends of the tube.
Once it reaches the marine water surface, the fluid mixture containing as carried components the hydrocarbons and possible some solid particles (due to the pressure reduction it will release the gas phase, the system becoming tri-phases) enters in a phase separator where the solids are removed, the gas phase and respectively the liquid phase follow separate process paths: the liquid phase enters in a heat exchange system to release hydrocarbons that are still dissolved, and afterwards they go into a two-phase separator, the separate water being removed and the resulted gases are in turn combined with the gas phase resulting from the tri-phase separator.
The gaseous hydrocarbons resulted are compressed and purified from acidic gaseous components (C02, H2S) in a specific separation unit. Thus, the captured hydrocarbons result from this facility is in a compressed form.
f. example for implementation in practice of the proposed invention;
According with the Figure no. 3 the capture of fluid mixture with high hydrocarbon content, from depth areas of marine water, is done through a transport tube 1 (dimensioned according to suitable calculation algorithms) via its capture-end part and transported through transport tube 1 by forced circulation produced by a dedicated system 2* combined with the fluid mixture self-sustaining circulation.
Thus, by using the system 2 to initiate a forced circulation of the fluid mixture in transport tube 1, a decreasing in hydrostatic pressure of liquid mixture occurs. This hydrostatic pressure decreasing is caused by the upward movement of fluid mixture and its circulation in transport tube 1 becomes self-sustained as a result of the hydrocarbon recess as a gaseous phase that causes the decreasing of fluid mixture density and the increasing of its ascension trend. The liquid phase of entire column of .fluid mixture inside transport tube 1 is quasi-incompressible. This upward movement of the fluid mixture from the capture-end to the discharge-end of transport tube 1 will entail a balancing tendency for the pressures in the system, resulting in the continuous aspiration of fluid mixture** by the capture-end of tube 1 immersed in marine water depths.
Thus, the fluid mixture having a high content of hydrocarbons and also solid particles from depth marine waters set into ascendant motion through transport tube 1 to the discharge-end could be also enhanced by warming of this fluid mixture using natural and /or artificial heating resources.
Once reaching the discharge-end of transport tube 1, the fluid mixture circulating by/through this, becomes a system containing tri-phases (solid-liquid-gas), this fluid system being directed to a separating equipment of the tri-phases 3 which will separate this mixture in three individual phases: a liquid phase, a gaseous phase and a solid phase. The solid phase will be removed and the liquid phase enters in a heat exchange system 4 wherein there occurs the advance released of hydrocarbons still retained in this phase. The effluent from the heat exchange system 4 goes into the two-phase separator 5 where the resulted liquid phase is removed and the gaseous phase combines in the gas meter 6 with the gaseous phase coming from the separator 3.
From the gas meter 6 the gaseous hydrocarbons will be compressed to a specific pressure using a compression system 7, and after this the compressed hydrocarbon enters into a unit for separation and removal of acid components 8, hydrocarbons resulting from the separation being directed to users.
Remarks:
* the flow maintenance system 2 can be located both on the surface and submerged (possibly even at the capture-end of the transport tube)
** the involvement of crystal-hydrates or other solid elements (granules, suspensions, etc.) of relatively small sizes from the proximity is possible and is not excluded (especially if the exploitation depth is close of the seabed)
g. presentation of advantages resulting from the application of the invention;
The advantages of this proposed invention are both economic (i.e. energy sector or chemical processing) and ecological, by reducing its content both in those marine waters and in their environment.

Claims

NOVELTY CLAIMS OF THE INVENTION COMPARED TO THE EXISTING SITUATION IN THE SUBJECT AREA IN THE WORLD
I. The process is characterized by the fact that waters containing hydrocarbons from depths of marine waters are captured, circulated from the depths towards the surface by simultaneously heating or without heating, through a transport system, mainly constituted as an underwater system, which facilitate the using of self-sustaining and/or forced circulation, processed for separation and purification of hydrocarbons from inert solids, from water and from gaseous components - other than hydrocarbons - and finally hydrocarbons isolated from the other unwanted gaseous components which were carried by the fluid mixture from the depths, are obtained in compressed form.
II. The capture and circulation facility device, in conjunction with elements of the method described under claim (I) is characterized by the fact that water containing hydrocarbons from depths is captured through the capture-end of a transport tube 1, circulated with/without heating, in a self-sustaining manner and/or forced manner realized by using system 2 for flow maintenance to the discharge-end.
III. The capturing, circulating and processing facility unit applying the method under claim (I) is characterized by the fact that the water with hydrocarbon content from depths is retrieved and transported through the capture and circulation facility device as per claim (II) to a processing system composed of a tri-phase separator 3 which helps remove sterile solids, a heat exchange system 4, with two-phase separator 5 favoring the advanced released of hydrocarbons still retained in liquid phase and removal of water that carries them, the resulting gases being temporarily collected in a gas meter 6, and then compressed using the compression system 7, followed by a final purification in the separation unit 8, and delivered as a product.
PCT/RO2014/000005 2013-01-25 2014-01-24 Process and process facility unit for capture, separation, purification and compression of hydrocarbons from depths of marine waters WO2014116133A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ROA201300092A RO128715A0 (en) 2013-01-25 2013-01-25 Process and installation for collecting, separating, purifying and compressing deep-water hydrocarbons
ROA201300092 2013-01-25

Publications (2)

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WO2014116133A2 true WO2014116133A2 (en) 2014-07-31
WO2014116133A3 WO2014116133A3 (en) 2014-10-09

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WO (1) WO2014116133A2 (en)

Family Cites Families (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19906147A1 (en) * 1999-02-13 2000-08-17 Heinz Hoelter Process for the production of frozen gas on the sea floor
JP3479699B2 (en) * 2002-01-18 2003-12-15 飛島建設株式会社 Gas hydrate mining method and equipment
RO119637B1 (en) * 2002-06-03 2005-01-28 Petru Baciu Process and installation for extracting pit gas from sea bottom
US6978837B2 (en) * 2003-11-13 2005-12-27 Yemington Charles R Production of natural gas from hydrates
RO121044B1 (en) * 2004-03-15 2006-11-30 Petru Baciu Process and installation for extracting helium or free methane from sea water
US8201626B2 (en) * 2008-12-31 2012-06-19 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Method and system for producing hydrocarbons from a hydrate reservoir using available waste heat
EP2226466A1 (en) * 2009-02-13 2010-09-08 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Method for producing a marketable hydrocarbon composition from a hydrate deposit buried in the waterbottom
WO2011072963A1 (en) * 2009-12-17 2011-06-23 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Converting an underwater methane hydrate containing deposit into a marketable product

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
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WO2014116133A3 (en) 2014-10-09

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