WO2014114209A1 - 一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备 - Google Patents

一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014114209A1
WO2014114209A1 PCT/CN2014/070872 CN2014070872W WO2014114209A1 WO 2014114209 A1 WO2014114209 A1 WO 2014114209A1 CN 2014070872 W CN2014070872 W CN 2014070872W WO 2014114209 A1 WO2014114209 A1 WO 2014114209A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage electrical
gas
sulphur hexafluoride
electrical equipment
hexafluoride gas
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PCT/CN2014/070872
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
金海勇
Original Assignee
Jin Haiyong
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Publication of WO2014114209A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014114209A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02Details
    • H01H33/53Cases; Reservoirs, tanks, piping or valves, for arc-extinguishing fluid; Accessories therefor, e.g. safety arrangements, pressure relief devices
    • H01H33/56Gas reservoirs
    • H01H33/562Means for avoiding liquefaction or for disposing of liquefaction products

Definitions

  • This invention relates to high voltage electrical equipment, and more particularly to high pressure electrical equipment for sulfur hexafluoride.
  • sulfur hexafluoride gas Due to its excellent insulation and arc extinguishing performance, sulfur hexafluoride gas is an ideal dielectric and arc extinguishing medium for high voltage electrical equipment (especially high voltage circuit breakers) and is widely used at home and abroad.
  • the excellent performance of sulfur hexafluoride gas is achieved under a certain density and pressure.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas inside the high-voltage electrical equipment will appear liquefied, and its liquefaction temperature is related to density and pressure. The higher the density, the higher the liquefaction temperature.
  • the high-voltage circuit breaker for outdoor use is a large application. It can be used in areas with a latitude higher than 45 degrees. For example, in Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Weibei and Northeast China, the winter climate is cold and the outdoor temperature reaches - 40 °C. In some areas even reaching - 50 °C, the sulphur hexafluoride circuit breaker will be liquefied by sulphur hexafluoride gas at this temperature, the gas pressure will drop to the blocking pressure value, and the sulphur hexafluoride circuit breaker will not work properly. Exiting the operation, in severe cases, will cause a large area power outage.
  • the disadvantages are:
  • the power supply capacity of the high voltage circuit breaker is only about 80% of the original.
  • the manufacturing technology is more demanding and expensive; the mixing method of the mixed gas needs a reasonable ratio, otherwise the insulating property and the arc extinguishing characteristic of the mixed gas will be seriously weakened, and at the same time, if it leaks, but due to the mixing of the two high-pressure gases Together, the leakage rate is different, the gas replenishing process is very complicated, and the technical requirements of the product are not met, which brings a lot of inconvenience to the use, detection and management of the product, and therefore cannot be promoted.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas pressure is reduced to reduce the liquefaction point of the sulphur hexafluoride gas.
  • the gas density is also reduced, resulting in the arc extinguishing performance and insulation performance of the high voltage circuit breaker. Low. Directly affecting the breaking current capability of the high-voltage circuit breaker, it can not meet the requirements of users who need normal breaking capacity, and the product use is greatly limited.
  • the technology of directly heating sulphur hexafluoride gas in high-voltage electrical equipment of sulfur hexafluoride is adopted to increase the temperature of the sulfur hexafluoride gas inside the high-voltage electrical equipment of sulfur hexafluoride to prevent the liquefaction of sulfur hexafluoride gas.
  • the tank type sulphur hexafluoride circuit breaker is in the outside of the tank body (such as the patent ZL200820150430. 1 (CN201242969Y)) or the opening of the tank (such as the patent ZL201 020224456. 3 CN201796803U) plus The electric heating device is installed.
  • the high voltage switch manufacturer is currently taking The following measures are taken: the heater is installed inside or outside the sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber of the high-voltage circuit breaker, and is automatically controlled by the intelligent temperature controller. When the ambient temperature drops below a certain temperature, the thermostat turns on the heater power supply. The sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber is heated to keep the temperature of the sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber above a certain temperature.
  • the technology adopted in the patent ZL20061 0152005. 1 (CN1925084A) is to provide a heating device at the lower end of the pillar porcelain sleeve of each phase porcelain column of the porcelain column sulphur hexafluoride circuit breaker.
  • the heater is turned on, due to the porcelain column.
  • the gas of the sulphur hexafluoride circuit breaker is sealed in the porcelain column.
  • the porcelain column is a kind of heat insulating material.
  • a large heater is selected, so that the porcelain column hexafluoride sulphur is not broken.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas is liquefied, but due to the high temperature at the lower end of the pillar porcelain sleeve, the sealing ring at the lower end of the pillar porcelain sleeve is rapidly aged, and the time is short, and the gas is leaked.
  • X CN2927307Y is provided with a heating device on the bottom plate of the high-voltage circuit breaker, ZL201120025943.
  • CN202013833U adopts a heating and heat-insulating jacket wrapped in the operating mechanism box and the transmission mechanism box of the high-voltage circuit breaker.
  • the method outside the beam because the gas of the sulphur hexafluoride circuit breaker is sealed in the porcelain column, the porcelain column is a heat insulating material, and the heating effect is not good, and the problem cannot be solved fundamentally.
  • a heating device such as the patent ZL201110360053. 0 (CN102436960A) Located outside the tank, it directly heats the gas inside the tank when heated.
  • the tank body mentioned in the patent is actually a gas-insulated metal-enclosed electrical equipment (also referred to as GIS in the industry), which is heated outside the tank, and the actual effect is obtained. It is not good.
  • GIS gas-insulated metal-enclosed electrical equipment
  • a fan is used to draw the cold gas from the tank into the heating chamber from the air inlet. After heating, the hot gas is sent back to the GIS tank from the air outlet to ensure the operation of the electrical appliances in the GIS tank. Normal temperature.
  • the gas is not much, and the heat transfer performance of sulfur hexafluoride gas is poor, so the heat transfer range is small, many places are still in a low temperature state, and the sulfur hexafluoride gas in the gas chamber will be liquefied, after liquefaction
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas flows to the bottom of the gas chamber and cannot be heated to the heater casing.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas in the gas chamber will be less and less, and the sulphur hexafluoride in the gas chamber Gas density will decrease, seriously affecting the reliable operation of sulfur hexafluoride electrical equipment in cold regions.
  • the heater housing cannot be directly installed on the GIS tank; 4)
  • the most fundamental thing is that the hundreds of thousands of sulphur hexafluoride electrical equipment operating in the field of substations in cold regions around the world cannot be realized. Because it is very simple, the on-site operating sulphur hexafluoride electrical equipment only has one air inlet, and there is no air inlet and air outlet required by the patent. Therefore, the patented technology is hexafluoride that cannot be operated in the field. Implemented on sulfur electrical equipment.
  • the technique of directly heating sulphur hexafluoride gas for high-voltage electrical equipment is simple in principle, but the current technology is difficult to implement because the sulphur hexafluoride gas of high-voltage electrical equipment is sealed on the body of high-voltage electrical equipment.
  • the voltage of the high-voltage electrical equipment is high. It is generally difficult to directly heat the sulfur hexafluoride gas chamber. In this way, the heating effect is not very satisfactory, or it brings a serious problem similar to the air leakage caused by the rapid aging of the sealing ring.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a high-voltage electrical equipment for sulfur hexafluoride used in cold regions, which has sulfur hexafluoride gas in an extremely cold region.
  • the advantages of not liquefying play a huge role in ensuring the safe operation of electricity.
  • the invention relates to a sulphur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical device used in a cold region, comprising a high-voltage electrical device body, a sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber and a density relay in the device body, and the sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber is filled
  • the sulfur hexafluoride gas, the high-voltage electrical equipment further includes a sulphur hexafluoride gas liquefaction device, and the device for preventing liquefaction of sulfur hexafluoride gas comprises a sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank filled with sulfur hexafluoride gas, Providing a heating device and a connecting pipe for the sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank, one end of the connecting pipe is sealingly connected to the air inlet or the special connecting port of the high voltage electrical equipment body, and the other end is connected to the sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank
  • the air outlet is
  • the sulfur sulphide gas storage tank is made of steel welded or made of steel cylinder.
  • the heating device is disposed outside the sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank, and a heat insulating layer is disposed outside.
  • the heating device is arranged in a sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank, and a heat insulating layer is arranged outside the gas storage tank.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas liquefaction device is further provided with a sulphur hexafluoride density relay or a density meter or a pressure switch for monitoring the gas storage
  • a sulphur hexafluoride density relay or a density meter or a pressure switch for monitoring the gas storage
  • the density and pressure of sulfur hexafluoride gas inside the tank is further provided with a sulphur hexafluoride density relay or a density meter or a pressure switch for monitoring the gas storage.
  • the invention relates to a sulphur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical device for use in a cold area, the heating device has an internal and external temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and an intelligent control for monitoring the temperature and gas density of the sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber and the ambient temperature. element.
  • the heating device further has a heating element open circuit alarm circuit.
  • the invention relates to a sulphur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical device for use in a cold area, wherein the intelligent control element controls the heating element according to the temperature and gas density in the gas storage tank and/or the sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber and the ambient temperature.
  • the gas supply port or the special connection port is disposed in the lower half of the sulfur hexafluoride gas chamber of the sulfur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical equipment, and the volume V of the sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank is the same as the gas supply port or the dedicated connection
  • the volume VI relationship between the plane of the port set point and the bottom of the sulphur hexafluoride chamber is: V > 25V1.
  • the volume V of the sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank can finally satisfy a dynamic balance:
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas supplemented by the gas storage tank to the high-voltage electrical equipment body can offset the sulphur hexafluoride gas liquefied in the high-voltage electrical equipment body.
  • the heating device also has an intelligent control system, the intelligent control system is based on the ambient temperature, the internal temperature of the liquefaction prevention device, the temperature of the gas storage tank, and the high-voltage electrical
  • the pressure or density in the body of the device controls the commissioning and shut-off of the heater, that is, when the temperature is too low or the pressure is too low, the heater is put into operation; and when the pressure is too high or the temperature is raised, the heater is turned off.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical device for cold regions further comprises a gas circulation mechanism, the gas circulation mechanism comprising sulphur hexafluoride gas capable of argon hexafluoride gas storage tank High-pressure pump for rapid cyclic exchange of sulfur hexafluoride gas in high-voltage electrical equipment.
  • the components in the sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber of the high-voltage electrical equipment body are specially designed with through holes or gaps, or the shape thereof is designed to not easily accumulate liquid sulphur hexafluoride, which is favorable for all liquefied liquid sulphur hexafluoride
  • the maximum flow to the sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank prevents the liquid sulphur hexafluoride from accumulating in the sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber in the high-voltage electrical equipment body.
  • the innovation of the invention is: adding anti-sulfur hexafluoride on the traditional high-voltage electrical equipment of sulfur hexafluoride
  • the gas liquefaction device prevents the sulfur hexafluoride gas liquefaction device from being provided with a sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank and a heating device.
  • the heating device starts to heat the gas storage tank, and the sulfur hexafluoride gas in the gas storage tank is heated, and the temperature thereof will rise, and the hexafluoride in the sulfur hexafluoride gas chamber
  • the sulfur gas will form a convection, and the heat will be directly transferred to the sulfur hexafluoride gas chamber, so that the temperature of the sulfur hexafluoride gas in the sulfur hexafluoride gas chamber is raised to prevent liquefaction or liquefaction, that is, the high pressure is always allowed.
  • the temperature of the sulphur hexafluoride gas in the sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber of the electrical equipment is higher than the liquefaction zero boundary temperature, or the density of the sulphur hexafluoride gas in the sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber in the high-voltage electrical equipment body is high.
  • the alarm value of high-voltage electrical equipment ensures the safe operation of high-voltage electrical equipment of sulfur hexafluoride in cold weather.
  • the core innovation of the present invention is to install a sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank and a heating device on a conventional high-voltage electrical equipment for sulfur hexafluoride.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank is heated by a heating device, and the sulphur hexafluoride gas in the gas storage tank is heated to increase the temperature, and the sulphur hexafluoride gas in the sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber is formed into heat convection.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical equipment will not be liquefied in the extremely cold regions, ensuring the safe operation of high-voltage electrical equipment for sulfur hexafluoride.
  • the invention can be directly applied to the newly designed sulphur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical equipment, and can also transform the existing sulphur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical equipment that has been operated.
  • the volume of the sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank provided in the sulphur hexafluoride gas liquefaction device is sufficiently large to: the sulphur hexafluoride gas and the high voltage electrical equipment charged in the gas storage tank
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas on the one hand, must satisfy the liquid sulphur hexafluoride to fill the bottom of the body of the high-voltage electrical equipment, until it overflows, and can flow into the gas storage tank through the air supply port or the dedicated connection port and the connecting pipe, On the one hand, it must also meet the final dynamic balance:
  • the gas storage tank supplies sulfur hexafluoride gas to the body of the high-voltage electrical equipment.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas liquefied in the body of the high-voltage electrical equipment can be offset, and the sulphur hexafluoride gas of the gas tank having a sufficiently large volume in the whole process always makes the density of the sulphur hexafluoride gas in the high-voltage electrical equipment body higher than the high pressure.
  • the alarm value of the sulphur hexafluoride gas density required by the electrical equipment prevents the density relay of the high-voltage electrical equipment from appearing an alarm, ensuring the safe operation of the sulphur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical equipment in cold weather.
  • the innovation of the invention breaks through the traditional idea of preventing the liquefaction of sulfur hexafluoride gas by directly transferring heat to the interior of the high-voltage electrical equipment, but opens up a new idea: the sulfur hexafluoride gas charged in the gas storage tank And sulfur hexafluoride gas of high-voltage electrical equipment, on the one hand, can satisfy the liquid sulphur hexafluoride after liquefaction in the high-voltage electrical equipment body can flow into the gas storage tank for heating, on the other hand, can also meet the final dynamic balance:
  • the gas tank can supply sulfur hexafluoride gas to the high-voltage electrical equipment body to offset the sulphur hexafluoride gas liquefied in the high-voltage electrical equipment.
  • the sulfur hexafluoride gas of the gas storage tank of sufficient volume always makes the density of sulfur hexafluoride gas in the body of the high-voltage electrical equipment larger than the alarm value of the sulfur hexafluoride gas density required by the high-voltage electrical equipment. Prevent the alarm of the density relay of high-voltage electrical equipment to ensure the safe operation of high-voltage electrical equipment of sulfur hexafluoride in cold weather.
  • the high-voltage electrical equipment of sulphur hexafluoride includes sulphur hexafluoride high-pressure ceramic column circuit breaker, sulphur hexafluoride high-pressure tank circuit breaker, sulphur hexafluoride GI S, sulphur hexafluoride current transformer, six Electrical equipment such as sulfur fluoride voltage transformers and sulfur hexafluoride transformers.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride auxiliary gas storage tank can also be welded by other metal materials or sealed by other materials.
  • the intake pipe of the connecting pipe and the sulphur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical equipment uses a pipe with an inner diameter of more than 11 mm.
  • FIG. 1 is an outline view of a first high-voltage electrical equipment for sulfur hexafluoride according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a sulphur hexafluoride gas liquefaction device of the first sulphur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical equipment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the control of a heating device for preventing sulphur hexafluoride gas liquefaction apparatus of the first sulphur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical equipment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of a second type of sulfur hexafluoride high voltage electrical equipment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a sulphur hexafluoride gas liquefaction device of the second sulphur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical device shown in FIG. 5;
  • Figure 7 is a second sulphur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical apparatus shown in Figure 5 for preventing liquefaction of sulfur hexafluoride gas a schematic diagram of the control of the heating device of the device;
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of a third type of sulfur hexafluoride high voltage electrical equipment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view showing a fourth high-voltage electrical equipment for sulfur hexafluoride according to the present invention. detailed description
  • the first high-voltage electrical equipment for sulfur hexafluoride comprising a high-voltage electrical equipment body 11, a sulfur hexafluoride gas chamber 12 disposed in the body of the high-voltage electrical equipment, and a density relay. 13.
  • a device for preventing liquefaction of sulfur hexafluoride gas comprises a sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1, a connecting pipe 2, a heating device 3, a heat insulating layer 4, a casing 5, a valve 6, a joint 7, and a heat insulating layer 8.
  • the heating device 3 is mainly composed of a heating element 31, a switch 32, a controller 33, an in-device temperature sensor 34, an ambient temperature sensor 35, an intelligent control unit 36, a pressure sensor 37, and the like.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 is installed beside the high-voltage electrical equipment, and one end of the connection pipe 2 is sealedly connected to the air supply port 9 or the dedicated connection port of the high-voltage electrical equipment body, and the other end is connected to the air outlet of the valve 6, the valve
  • the air inlet of 6 is connected to the air outlet of the sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 and installed on the gas storage tank 1, and the joint 6 is also connected to the sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 for use as a gas supplement.
  • the heating element 31 can be mounted outside the sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1, and the heat insulating layer 31 is provided with a heat insulating layer 4 having a good heat insulating effect.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1, the heating element 31, the switch 32, the controller 33, the intelligent control unit 36, the pressure sensor 37, the heat insulating layer 4, the valve 6, the joint 7, and the like are all mounted in the casing 5.
  • the internal temperature sensor 34 is mounted on the sulfur hexafluoride storage tank 1, and the external temperature sensor 35 is mounted outside the casing 5 to measure the outdoor temperature.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas source is connected to the joint 7, and the sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 is evacuated, filled with pure nitrogen gas, and then filled with sulfur hexafluoride gas until the sulfur hexafluoride storage
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas pressure in the gas tank 1 reaches the sulphur hexafluoride high pressure electrical equipment requirement or the specified rated pressure.
  • the valve 6 When the temperature drops very low during the cold season, the valve 6 is opened and the heating device 3 is turned on.
  • the sulfur hexafluoride gas of the sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 is connected to the sulfur hexafluoride gas of the sulfur hexafluoride gas chamber 12 in the high-voltage electrical equipment body through the connecting pipe 2 and the air supply port 9. through.
  • the temperature of the atmosphere is detected by the temperature sensor 35.
  • the intelligent control unit 36 activates the controller 33, and the controller 33 turns on the heating element 31, which is stored for the sulfur hexafluoride.
  • the gas tank 1 and the internal sulfur hexafluoride gas are heated.
  • the temperature of the sulfur hexafluoride gas inside the sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 is quickly increased, and the temperature is higher than that of the sulfur hexafluoride gas chamber 12 in the high-voltage electrical equipment body.
  • the temperature of the sulfur hexafluoride gas is attained, there is a temperature difference between the two sulfur hexafluoride gases. Because the different temperatures of the two sulphur hexafluoride gases cause a difference in density between the sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank and the plenum, causing convection.
  • Synchronous rise can prevent liquefaction or liquefaction, that is, the temperature of sulphur hexafluoride gas in the sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber 12 of the high-voltage electrical equipment body is always higher than the liquefaction critical temperature, or high-voltage electrical is ensured.
  • the density of sulphur hexafluoride gas in the sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber 12 in the equipment body is higher than that of the high-voltage electrical equipment, ensuring safe operation of the sulphur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical equipment in cold weather.
  • the intelligent control unit 36 turns off the controller 33, the controller 33 turns off the heating element 31, and the heating element 31 stops to the sulphur hexafluoride storage tank 1 and the inside.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas is heated to save energy and extend the life of the heating element.
  • the heating device is also provided with a heating element open circuit alarm function, that is, when the heating element is broken due to the service life or damage, the intelligent control element 36 will send an alarm signal to notify the staff to deal with it in time, to ensure Reliable work.
  • the invention can also detect the atmospheric environment temperature, the temperature of the sulfur hexafluoride gas inside the sulfur hexafluoride storage tank 1, and the high pressure by the action of the internal temperature sensor 34, the external temperature sensor 35, the intelligent control element 36, and the pressure sensor 37.
  • the pressure density of sulfur hexafluoride gas in the sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber 12 in the electrical equipment body, and then according to the pressure and temperature characteristics of the sulfur hexafluoride gas, and the operating requirements of the high-pressure electrical equipment of sulfur hexafluoride, are realized by the intelligent control component 36.
  • the intelligent automatic control of the controller 33 and the heating element 31 realizes that the temperature of the sulfur hexafluoride gas of the sulfur hexafluoride gas chamber 12 in the high-voltage electrical equipment body is higher than the liquefaction critical temperature, and the high-voltage electrical equipment for sulfur hexafluoride is ensured. Safe operation at extremely cold temperatures while ensuring energy savings.
  • the valve 6 In the non-cold season, the valve 6 is closed, and the sulfur hexafluoride gas of the sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 is not in communication with the sulfur hexafluoride gas of the sulfur hexafluoride gas chamber 12 in the high-voltage electrical equipment body. At the same time, the switch 32 of the heating device 3 is turned off, so that the heating element 31 does not work. At this time, since it is a non-cold season, six The sulfur hexafluoride gas in the high-pressure electrical equipment of sulfur fluoride is not liquefied, and the high-voltage electrical equipment of sulfur hexafluoride can work safely.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride storage tank can be directly connected to the sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas liquefaction device can be directly disposed on the body of the sulphur hexafluoride high-pressure electrical equipment, even if the sulphur hexafluoride gas liquefaction device is prevented from being integrated with the sulphur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical equipment.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas liquefaction device can be directly disposed on the mechanism box 14 of the sulfur hexafluoride high voltage circuit breaker or on the beam, as shown in FIG.
  • a second embodiment of the sulfur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical apparatus of the present invention includes a high-voltage electrical equipment body 11 and a sulfur hexafluoride gas chamber 12 disposed in the high-voltage electrical equipment body. , density relay 13, sulphur hexafluoride gas liquefaction device.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas liquefaction device comprises a sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1, a connecting pipe 2, a heating device 3, a heat insulating layer 4, a casing 5, a valve 61, a valve 62, a joint 7, a heat insulating layer 8, a density relay 1 0 and so on.
  • the heating device 3 is mainly composed of a heating element 31, a switch 32, an automatic thermostat controller 38, and the like.
  • the valve 61 and the valve 62 are opened to open the heating device 3.
  • the sulfur hexafluoride gas of the sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 is in communication with the sulfur hexafluoride gas of the sulfur hexafluoride gas chamber 12 in the high-voltage electrical equipment body.
  • the atmospheric temperature is detected by the temperature sensor 381 of the automatic thermostat controller 38.
  • the automatic thermostat controller 38 activates the controller 33, and the controller 33 turns on the heating element 31, and the heating element 31 starts.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 and the internal sulfur hexafluoride gas are heated.
  • the sulfur hexafluoride gas of the gas storage tank 1 and the sulfur hexafluoride gas of the sulfur hexafluoride gas chamber 12 are circulated, causing heat convection, and the heat is directly transmitted to the sulfur hexafluoride gas chamber 12 to make the hexafluoride
  • the temperature of the sulfur hexafluoride gas in the sulfur gas chamber 12 is raised, the liquefaction or liquefaction can be prevented from being excessive, that is, the temperature of the sulfur hexafluoride gas in the sulfur hexafluoride gas chamber 12 in the high-voltage electrical equipment body is always high.
  • the automatic thermostat controller 38 turns off the controller 33, the controller 33 turns off the heating element 31, and the heating element 31 stops the sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 and The internal sulphur hexafluoride gas is heated to save energy and extend the life of the heating element.
  • the heating device is also provided with a heating element open circuit alarm function, that is, when the heating element has a service life Or damage, when the circuit is broken, the automatic thermostat controller 38 will send out an alarm signal to inform the staff to deal with it in time to ensure reliable work.
  • the third high-voltage electrical equipment for sulfur hexafluoride of the present invention comprises a high-voltage electrical equipment body 11, a sulfur hexafluoride gas chamber 12 disposed in the body of the high-voltage electrical equipment, and a density relay 13 to prevent hexafluoride.
  • the device for preventing liquefaction of sulfur hexafluoride gas includes a sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1, a connecting pipe 2, a heating device 3, a heat insulating layer 4, a casing 5, a valve 6, a joint 7, a heat insulating layer 8, an intelligent control system 16, and the like.
  • the sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 is connected to the lower half of the sulfur hexafluoride gas chamber 12 through a connecting pipe.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 has a circular shape and is welded with an aluminum alloy material.
  • the heating device 3 is mainly composed of three heating elements 31, a gas density sensor (pressure sensor) 37, a switch, a controller, and the like.
  • the housing 5 is made of stainless steel, and the intelligent control system 16 is mainly composed of a temperature sensor, an environmental temperature sensor, an intelligent control element, and the like.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 is installed beside the high-voltage electrical equipment, and one end of the connection pipe 2 is sealedly connected to the air supply port 9 or the dedicated connection port of the high-voltage electrical equipment body, and the other end is connected to the air outlet of the valve 6, the valve
  • the air inlet of the 6 is connected to the air outlet of the sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 and installed on the gas storage tank, and the joint 6 is also connected to the sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 for use as a gas supplement.
  • the three heating elements 31 may be mounted on the outside of the sulfur hexafluoride storage tank 1, and the outer surface of the heating element 31 is provided with a heat insulating layer 4 having a good heat insulating effect.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1, the heating element 31, the switch, the controller, the density (pressure) sensor 37, the heat insulating layer 4, the valve 6, the joint 7, the intelligent control system 16, etc. are all installed in the casing 5.
  • the internal temperature sensor of the intelligent control system 16 is installed in the sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1, and the external temperature sensor is installed outside the casing 5 to measure the outdoor temperature.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas source is connected to the joint 7, and the sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 is evacuated, filled with pure nitrogen gas, and then filled with sulfur hexafluoride gas until the sulfur hexafluoride storage
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas pressure in the gas tank 1 reaches the sulphur hexafluoride high pressure electrical equipment requirement or the specified rated pressure.
  • the valve 6 In the cold season, when the temperature drops very low, the valve 6 is opened, and the heating device 3 and the intelligent control system 16 are turned on.
  • the valve 6 When the valve 6 is opened, the sulfur hexafluoride gas of the sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 communicates with the sulfur hexafluoride gas of the sulfur hexafluoride gas chamber 12 in the high-voltage electrical equipment body through the air supply port 9.
  • the intelligent control system 16 detects the atmospheric temperature by the temperature sensor. When the atmospheric temperature drops to a preset value, or the pressure drops to a preset value, the intelligent control system 16 activates the heating device 3, turns on the heating element 31, and heats the element.
  • the 31 is to heat the sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 and the internal sulfur hexafluoride gas.
  • the volume of the sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 is sufficiently large.
  • the gas storage tank 1 can continue to supplement the sulphur hexafluoride gas into the high-voltage electrical equipment body.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas supplied to the high-voltage electrical equipment in the gas storage tank 1 can offset the sulphur hexafluoride gas liquefied in the high-voltage electrical equipment body, and the sulphur hexafluoride gas in the high-voltage electrical equipment body
  • the density is greater than the alarm value of the sulphur hexafluoride gas density required by the high-voltage electrical equipment, preventing the density relay of the high-voltage electrical equipment from appearing an alarm, that is, ensuring the density of the sulfur hexafluoride gas in the sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber in the high-voltage electrical equipment body.
  • the volume of the sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 is sufficiently large, the specific requirement is that the volume V of the sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank is between the plane of the gas supply port or the dedicated connection port setting point and the bottom of the sulfur hexafluoride gas chamber.
  • the volume of the gas storage tank 1 is designed to be about 0.83 m 3 , and the inner diameter is 850 mm and the height is 1450 mm.
  • the gas sulphur hexafluoride gas in the gas storage tank 1 is sufficient, plus high-voltage electrical equipment
  • the sulfur hexafluoride gas when the temperature drops, the sulphur hexafluoride gas of the high-voltage electrical equipment appears to be liquefied, becomes liquid sulphur hexafluoride, and the density of the liquid sulphur hexafluoride is the density of gaseous sulphur hexafluoride 30- 40 times, so liquid sulphur hexafluoride is much heavier than sulphur hexafluoride gas.
  • Liquid sulphur hexafluoride naturally flows to the bottom of the body of high-voltage electrical equipment, accumulating, and filling the bottom of the body of high-voltage electrical equipment. Until the overflow flows to the air supply port 9 (or the dedicated connection port) of the high-voltage electrical equipment body and the connection pipe 2 and flows into the gas storage tank 1, this process takes a certain time to complete, and only a part of the sulphur hexafluoride needs to be liquefied.
  • the gas can be completed, and in this process, the density of the sulfur hexafluoride gas portion of the sulphur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical equipment is always greater than the alarm value, and the sulfur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical equipment is always in a safe operating state.
  • the liquid sulphur hexafluoride flowing into the gas storage tank 1 is heated by the heating device 3 of the gas storage tank 1 to become gaseous sulphur hexafluoride gas, and the gas pressure in the gas storage tank 1 is higher than that of the high-voltage electrical equipment.
  • the gas pressure is high, and the gas storage tank 1 can continuously supply the sulfur hexafluoride gas to the high-voltage electrical equipment body.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas in the high-voltage electrical equipment is continuously liquefied, and the liquid sulphur hexafluoride after liquefaction flows into the gas storage tank 1, if the quality of the liquid sulphur hexafluoride liquefied per unit time is used.
  • Ml indicates that the mass of liquid sulphur hexafluoride flowing from the high-voltage electrical equipment body through the connecting pipe 2 to the gas storage tank 1 is also M1.
  • the liquid sulphur hexafluoride flowing into the gas storage tank 1 is heated by the heating device 3 of the gas storage tank 1 to become gaseous sulphur hexafluoride gas, and the gas pressure in the gas storage tank 1 is higher than that of the high-voltage electrical equipment.
  • the liquefied sulphur hexafluoride gas is equal to the supplemental sulphur hexafluoride gas, or the sulphur hexafluoride gas supplied to the high-voltage electrical equipment in the gas storage tank 1 can offset the hexafluoride liquefaction in the high-voltage electrical equipment.
  • the sulfur gas makes the density of sulfur hexafluoride gas in the body of the high-voltage electrical equipment larger than the alarm value of the sulfur hexafluoride gas density required by the high-voltage electrical equipment, and prevents the density relay of the high-voltage electrical equipment from alarming, that is, ensuring the body of the high-voltage electrical equipment
  • the density of sulphur hexafluoride gas in the sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber is higher than that of high-voltage electrical equipment, ensuring safe operation of sulphur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical equipment in cold weather.
  • the temperature of the sulfur hexafluoride gas inside the sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 is quickly increased, and the pressure is simultaneously increased, so that the high-pressure electrical equipment can be supplemented with sulfur hexafluoride gas.
  • the control system 16 turns off the heating element 31, and the heating element 31 stops heating the sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 and the internal sulfur hexafluoride gas, thereby saving electric energy, and prolonging the service life of the heating element and ensuring hexafluoride.
  • the safety of the sulfur storage tank 1 is safe.
  • the heating device is also provided with a heating element open circuit alarm function, that is, when the heating element is broken due to the service life or damage, the intelligent control system 16 will issue an alarm signal to notify the staff to deal with it in time to ensure Reliable work.
  • the intelligent automatic control system 16 realizes the intelligent automatic control of the heating element 31, and realizes that the temperature of the sulfur hexafluoride gas of the sulfur hexafluoride gas chamber 12 in the high-voltage electrical equipment body is higher than the liquefaction critical temperature, and the high pressure of sulfur hexafluoride is ensured. Electrical equipment operates safely at extremely cold temperatures while ensuring energy savings.
  • the valve 6 In the non-cold season, the valve 6 is closed, and the sulfur hexafluoride gas of the sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 is not in communication with the sulfur hexafluoride gas of the sulfur hexafluoride gas chamber 12 in the high-voltage electrical equipment body. At the same time, the switch of the heating device 3 is cut off, so that the heating element 31 does not work. At this time, because of the non-cold season, the sulfur hexafluoride gas in the high-voltage electrical equipment of sulfur hexafluoride is not liquefied, and the sulfuric acid hexafluoride high-voltage electrical equipment Can work safely.
  • the fourth type of sulfur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical equipment for cold regions of the present invention is mainly compared with the third high-voltage electrical equipment for sulfur hexafluoride used in cold regions of the present invention.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical equipment has the inlet hole 17 of each phase changed to the lowermost end A of its bottom, in order to avoid a large amount of liquid sulphur hexafluoride accumulated in the high-voltage electrical
  • the liquid sulphur hexafluoride liquefied by the high-voltage electrical equipment is maximized and flows into the gas storage tank 1, which can reduce the volume of the gas storage tank 1, and can reduce the use amount of sulfur hexafluoride gas, and greatly reduce the amount of sulfur hexafluoride gas.
  • the sulfur sulphate gas supplied to the high-voltage electrical equipment in the gas storage tank can offset the sulphur hexafluoride gas liquefied in the high-voltage electrical equipment body, and the high-voltage electrical equipment body
  • the density of the sulfur hexafluoride gas is greater than the alarm value of the sulfur hexafluoride gas density required by the high-voltage electrical equipment, and the density relay of the high-voltage electrical equipment is prevented from alarming, so that the volume of the gas storage tank 1 can be reduced, and the hexafluoride can be reduced.
  • the amount of sulfur gas used greatly reduces costs.
  • the present invention employs a liquefaction device for preventing sulfur hexafluoride gas from being installed on a conventional high-voltage electrical equipment for sulfur hexafluoride.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas liquefaction device is provided with a sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank, and a heating device for heating the gas of the sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank by the heating device to form heat convection.
  • the heat is quickly transferred to the sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber in the high-voltage electrical equipment to prevent liquefaction or excessive liquefaction of sulphur hexafluoride gas, ensuring reliable operation of high-voltage electrical equipment in cold weather.
  • the invention breaks through the traditional idea of preventing the liquefaction of sulfur hexafluoride gas by transferring heat directly into the interior of high-voltage electrical equipment, but opens up a whole new idea:
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas charged in the gas tank and the sulphur hexafluoride gas of the high-voltage electrical equipment can satisfy the liquid sulphur hexafluoride after liquefaction in the high-voltage electrical equipment body, and can flow into the gas storage tank for heating, and On the one hand, it can also meet the final dynamic balance:
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas supplemented by the gas storage tank to the high-voltage electrical equipment can offset the sulphur hexafluoride gas liquefied in the high-voltage electrical equipment, that is, the high-voltage electrical equipment will eventually reach one.
  • the liquefied sulphur hexafluoride gas is equal to the supplemental sulphur hexafluoride gas, or the sulphur hexafluoride gas supplied to the high-voltage electrical equipment in the gas storage tank 1 can offset the hexafluoride liquefaction in the high-voltage electrical equipment.
  • the alarm value of density prevents the density relay of high-voltage electrical equipment from alarming, that is, ensuring that the density of sulfur hexafluoride gas in the sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber of the high-voltage electrical equipment body is higher than that of high-voltage electrical equipment, ensuring hexafluoride Sulphur high-voltage electrical equipment operates safely in cold weather.
  • the core innovation of the present invention is to install a sulfur hexafluoride gas storage tank on a conventional high-voltage electrical equipment of sulfur hexafluoride.
  • the sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank is heated by a heating device, and the sulphur hexafluoride gas in the gas storage tank is heated to increase the temperature, and the sulphur hexafluoride gas in the sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber is formed into heat convection.
  • the invention can It can be directly applied to the newly designed sulphur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical equipment, and can also transform the existing high-voltage electrical equipment of sulfur hexafluoride that has already been operated.
  • the components of the sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber in the high-voltage electrical equipment should be specially designed, such as through holes or gaps, such as the shape of the liquid sulphur hexafluoride, which is good for all liquefied liquids.
  • Sulfur hexafluoride can flow to the sulphur hexafluoride gas storage tank 1 to the maximum extent, so that the liquid sulphur hexafluoride is not accumulated in the sulphur hexafluoride gas chamber in the high-voltage electrical equipment body. This can reduce the volume of the gas storage tank 1, can reduce the amount of sulfur hexafluoride gas used, and greatly reduce the cost.
  • the intake pipe of the connecting pipe and the sulphur hexafluoride high-voltage electrical equipment adopts an inner diameter larger than

Abstract

一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备,包括高压电气设备本体(11)、设备本体内设有六氟化硫气室(12)、密度继电器(13),六氟化硫气室充有六氟化硫气体,高压电气设备还包括防止六氟化硫气体液化装置,该装置包括充有六氟化硫气体的六氟化硫储气罐(1)、对六氟化硫储气罐提供加热的加热装置(3)和连接管(2),连接管的一端密封连接在高压电气设备本体的补气口或专用连接口上,另一端连接在六氟化硫储气罐的出气口上以使储气罐内与六氟化硫气室相互连通,加热装置和六氟化硫储气罐设置在一起。

Description

说明书 一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备
技术领域
本发明涉及高压电气设备, 尤其涉及六氟化硫高压电气设备。
背景技术
由于六氟化硫气体具有优异的绝缘和灭弧性能, 是高压电气设备(尤其是 高压断路器) 中理想的绝缘和灭弧介质, 在国内外得到广泛应用。 六氟化硫气 体的优异性能是在一定密度和压力下实现的, 当温度降到一定程度时, 高压电 气设备内部的六氟化硫气体将出现液化现象, 其液化温度与密度和压力有关, 密度越大, 液化温度越高。 由于高压电气设备内部六氟化硫气体液化, 部分气 体变成液体, 六氟化硫气体的密度和压力将逐渐减小, 从而会造成高压电气设 备的绝缘性能和开断能力下降, 严重影响了高压电气设备的可靠运行。
户外用高压断路器是其一大应用, 其使用范围大, 可在纬度高于 45 度地 区使用, 比如在我国新疆、 内蒙古、 冀北及东北地区, 冬季气候寒冷, 户外温 度达到 - 40 °C , 部分地区甚至到达- 50 °C , 六氟化硫断路器在这种温度下会因六 氟化硫气体液化, 气体压力降低到闭锁压力值, 六氟化硫断路器无法正常工作, 不得不退出运行, 严重时会造成大面积停电。
为解决六氟化硫高压电气设备在超低温下可靠运行的问题, 有关厂家和研 究院 (所) 对此进行了大量的分析和试验, 取得了如下几种解决方案, 但均不 理想, 具体有:
1、 采用混合气体 (六氟化硫 /N2;六氟化硫 /CF4等) 作为灭弧, 绝缘介质, 其缺点是: 对于高压断路器的开断电源能力只有原来的 80%左右, 且制造技术 要求较高, 成本昂贵; 混合气体的比例混合方法需合理的配比, 否则混合气体 的绝缘特性和灭弧特性将严重削弱, 同时一旦漏气, 但是由于两种高压力的气 体混合在一起, 其泄漏率不同, 补充气体工艺很繁杂, 达不到产品技术要求, 给该产品的使用、 检测、 管理带来了许多不便, 因此也不能得以推广。
2、 采用降低六氟化硫气压来达到六氟化硫气体液化点降低, 但是由于气 体压力降低, 气体密度随之亦降低, 导致高压断路器的灭弧性能和绝缘性能降 低。 直接影响高压断路器的开断电流能力, 满足不了需要正常开断容量用户的 要求, 使产品使用受到很大的局限。
3、 采用对六氟化硫高压电气设备内的六氟化硫气体直接进行加热的技术。 采用直接加热的方法来提高六氟化硫高压电气设备内部的六氟化硫气体温度, 防止六氟化硫气体液化。 目前现有技术, 对罐式六氟化硫断路器, 是在罐体外 侧 (如专利 ZL200820150430. 1 (CN201242969Y) )或罐体上开设的拔口里 (如专 利 ZL201 020224456. 3 CN201796803U) )加装电加热装置, 为提高加热效率, 在 电加热带外部需加装保温层和防护层。 此方法的缺点是: 由于罐式六氟化硫断 路器的六氟化硫气体是很好密封在罐体内, 要对其加热, 只能靠热传导方式传 热, 结构复杂, 热效率低, 同时由于直接加热, 还会对罐式六氟化硫断路器的 密封圈加速老化, 造成漏气, 带来严重安全问题; 而对于瓷柱式六氟化硫断路 器而言, 高压开关制造厂目前采取了以下一些措施: 即在高压断路器六氟化硫 气室内部或外部设置加热器, 并由智能温度控制器自动控制, 当环境温度降低 至一定温度以下时, 温控器接通加热器电源对六氟化硫气室加热, 使六氟化硫 气室温度始终保持在一定温度以上。 这些措施, 对于户外瓷柱式断路器的使用 效果很不理想, 因为, 如果把加热器放置在六氟化硫气室内部, 一旦加热器损 坏几乎是无法更换, 所以这种方法很少采用。 而如果把加热器放置在六氟化硫 气室外部, 目前的技术, 要么加热效果很差, 要么带来其它严重问题, 如使密 封圈快速老化, 造成漏气问题。 如专利 ZL20061 0152005. 1 (CN1925084A)采用的 技术就是在瓷柱式六氟化硫断路器的每相瓷柱的支柱瓷套下端设有加热装置, 当温度低时, 开启加热器, 由于瓷柱式六氟化硫断路器的气体是密封在瓷柱内 的, 瓷柱是一种绝热材料, 为了达到效果, 选用很大的加热器, 这样虽然达到 了不让瓷柱式六氟化硫断路器的六氟化硫气体液化, 可是由于支柱瓷套下端温 度很高, 造成支柱瓷套下端的密封圈快速老化, 时间不长就失效, 造成漏气。 还有,如专利 ZL200620086633. X CN2927307Y)采用在高压断路器底部底板上设 有加热装置、 ZL201120025943. 1 (CN202013833U)采用一种加热保温外套包裹在 高压断路器的操动机构箱和传动机构箱的横梁外的办法, 由于六氟化硫断路器 的气体是密封在瓷柱内的, 瓷柱是一种绝热材料, 其加热效果不好, 不能根本 解决问题。 另外还有, 如专利 ZL201110360053. 0 ( CN102436960A ) 的加温装置 位于罐体外部, 加热时直接对罐体内部气体加热。 对于专业人员来说, 从该专 利说明书可以清楚知道: 该专利所说的罐体实际上是气体绝缘的金属封闭电器 设备 (业内又简称为 G I S ) 的罐体, 在其罐体外加热, 实际效果是不好的, 为 了提高效果, 采用了风扇, 将罐体内的冷气体从进气口抽入加热室, 加热后变 为热气体从出风口送回 G I S罐体内, 保证 G I S罐体内电器运行的正常温度。 1 ) 由于把加热器放置在加热室内部, 而其加热室与 G I S罐体内的六氟化硫气室是 连通的, 显然存在一旦加热器损坏难以更换的问题, 所以这种方法很少采用; 2 ) 从该说明书知道, 该专利的加热器壳体实际上需要密封的, 如进气口、 出 气口、 风扇的电源进线口、 风扇的放置口等等地方都需要密封, 业内人员都知 道, 目前这种密封目前都是采用橡胶密封圈来密封的, 同样在高温加热下, 造 成橡胶密封圈快速老化, 时间不长就失效, 造成漏气; 3 ) 最根本的、 最重要 的是该专利还不能根本解决六氟化硫电气设备的液化问题, 因为, 首先业内人 员都知道, 由于六氟化硫电气设备是高压电, 其罐体周围是不能安装体积很大 的金属物件的, 否则是非常危险的, 其绝缘能力就不能满足, 而该专利的加热 器壳体就直接安装在 G I S罐体上,所以其加热器壳体外形不能大,其体积就小, 而另外对于业内人员来说, 众所周知, 六氟化硫气体是一种传热性能很差的气 体, 由于其加热器壳体外形不能大, 所以参与传热的气体就不多, 加上六氟化 硫气体传热性能差的特性,所以其传热范围就小,许多地方依旧处于低温状态, 其气室的六氟化硫气体会液化, 液化后的六氟化硫气体就流到气室的底部, 而 不能到加热器壳体进行加热, 这样一来, 其气室的六氟化硫气体会越来越少, 其气室的六氟化硫气体密度就会下降, 严重影响六氟化硫电气设备在寒冷地区 的可靠运行。 所以其加热器壳体是不能直接安装在 G I S 罐体上的; 4 ) 最根本 的就是对在全球寒冷地区变电站现场运行的几十万台六氟化硫电气设备而言, 该专利无法实现, 因为很简单, 现场运行的六氟化硫电气设备只留有一个补气 口, 而根本没有留有该专利所要求的进气口和出气口, 所以该专利技术是无法 在现场运行的六氟化硫电气设备上实现的。
采用对高压电气设备的六氟化硫气体直接进行加热的技术, 从原理上很简 单, 但目前的技术实施起来却很困难, 由于高压电气设备的六氟化硫气体是密 封在高压电气设备本体中的六氟化硫气室里, 加上高压电气设备的电压很高, 一般难以直接对六氟化硫气室加热。 这样其加热效果还不是很理想, 或者带来 类似让密封圈快速老化而造成漏气的严重问题。
综上所述, 当前的六氟化硫高压电气设备在寒冷地区运行存在着六氟化硫 气体液化的问题, 给电网的安全运行带来隐患, 所以急需需要创新。 发明内容
为了解决六氟化硫高压电气设备现有技术存在的上述问题, 本发明的目的 在于提供一种应用在寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 它具有在极寒地区其 六氟化硫气体不会液化的优点, 为保障电力的安全运行起到巨大作用。
本发明一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 包括高压电气的设备 本体、 该设备本体内设有六氟化硫气室、 密度继电器, 所述六氟化硫气室充有 六氟化硫气体, 所述的高压电气设备还包括防止六氟化硫气体液化装置, 该防 止六氟化硫气体液化的装置包括充有六氟化硫气体的六氟化硫储气罐、 对六氟 化硫储气罐提供加热的加热装置和连接管, 所述连接管的一端密封连接在高压 电气设备本体的补气口或专用连接口上, 而另一端连接在六氟化硫储气罐的出 气口上以使储气罐内与六氟化硫气室相互连通, 所述加热装置和该六氟化硫储 气罐设置在一起。
所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 所述六氟化硫储气罐 由钢材焊接而成或钢瓶制成。
所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 所述的加热装置设置 在六氟化硫储气罐外面, 其外设有绝热层。
所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 所述的加热装置设置 在六氟化硫储气罐内, 储气罐外设有绝热层。
所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 所述的防止六氟化硫 气体液化装置上还设有阀门。
所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 所述的连接管的外面 设有绝热层。
所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 所述的防止六氟化硫 气体液化装置还设有六氟化硫密度继电器或密度表或压力开关, 监控所述储气 罐内部的六氟化硫气体的密度和压力。
所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 所述加热装置具有监 控所述六氟化硫气室内的温度和气体密度以及环境温度的内外温度传感器、 压 力传感器和智能控制元件。
所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 所述加热装置还具有 加热元件断路报警电路。
所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 所述智能控制元件根 据储气罐内和 /或六氟化硫气室内的温度和气体密度以及环境温度控制加热元 件。
所述补气口或专用连接口设在所述六氟化硫高压电气设备的六氟化硫气 室下半部分,所述六氟化硫储气罐的体积 V 同所述补气口或专用连接口设置点 所在平面到六氟化硫气室底部之间的体积 VI关系为: V > 25V1。
所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 所述的六氟化硫高压 电气设备每相的进气孔位于该相气室的最低端。
所述六氟化硫储气罐的体积 V最终能够满足一个动态平衡: 储气罐给高压 电气设备本体内补充的六氟化硫气体可以抵消高压电气设备本体内液化的六 氟化硫气体。
所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 所述加热装置还具有 智能控制系统, 该智能控制系统根据环境温度、 防液化装置内部温度、 储气罐 的温度、 高压电气设备本体内的压力或密度控制加热器的投运和切断, 即当温 度过低或压力过低时, 投运加热器; 而当压力过高或温度升高时, 切断加热器。
所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 所述防液化装置还包 括气体循环机构, 该气体循环机构包括能使六氟化硫储气罐的六氟化硫气体和 高压电气设备的六氟化硫气体快速循环交换的高压泵。
所述高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气室里的元件专门设计有通孔或间 隙, 或其形状设计成不易积留液态六氟化硫, 利于使所有液化的液态六氟化硫 能够最大限度的流到六氟化硫储气罐, 使液态六氟化硫没有在高压电气设备本 体内的六氟化硫气室积留。
本发明的创新点是: 在传统的六氟化硫高压电气设备上加装防止六氟化硫 气体液化装置, 防止六氟化硫气体液化装置设有六氟化硫储气罐, 以及加热装 置。 当高压电气设备本体的环境温度低时, 加热装置就开始对储气罐加热, 储 气罐内的六氟化硫气体得到加热, 其温度将升高, 与六氟化硫气室的六氟化硫 气体将形成对流, 快速把热量直接传递到六氟化硫气室, 使六氟化硫气室的六 氟化硫气体的温度得到升高, 防止液化或液化过多, 即始终让高压电气设备本 体内的六氟化硫气室的六氟化硫气体的温度高于其液化零界温度, 或确保高压 电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气室的六氟化硫气体的密度高于高压电气设备的 报警值, 确保六氟化硫高压电气设备在严寒天气时的安全运行。 由于六氟化硫 储气罐是通过连接管与高压电气设备连接的, 而六氟化硫储气罐是采用钢材焊 接而成的, 通过一细长的连接接头与连接管连接, 所有连接处已经远离加热元 件, 其连接处的密封圈的温度完全在正常工作范围内, 不会使密封圈老化, 不 会发生气体泄漏现象。 总之, 本发明的核心创新之处是通过在传统的六氟化硫 高压电气设备上加装六氟化硫储气罐, 以及加热装置。 通过加热装置对六氟化 硫储气罐加热, 先使储气罐内的六氟化硫气体得到加热, 使其温度升高, 与六 氟化硫气室的六氟化硫气体形成热对流, 快速把热量直接传递到六氟化硫气 室, 使六氟化硫气室的六氟化硫气体的温度得到升高, 防止高压电气设备本体 内的六氟化硫气室的六氟化硫气体液化或液化过多, 确保六氟化硫高压电气设 备在严寒天气时的安全运行, 克服了现有技术加热装置直接对六氟化硫气室加 热的诸多问题 (具体见背景技术介绍) , 很好的解决了电力系统多年来一直存 在的问题: 六氟化硫高压电气设备在严寒天气时的可靠安全运行问题。 通过这 样的创新, 使六氟化硫高压电气设备在极寒地区其六氟化硫气体不会发生液 化, 确保六氟化硫高压电气设备安全运行。 本发明可以直接应用在新设计的六 氟化硫高压电气设备上, 也可以对现有已经运行的六氟化硫高压电气设备进行 改造。
并且本发明的创新点还有: 防止六氟化硫气体液化装置设有的六氟化硫储 气罐的体积要足够大到: 储气罐内所充的六氟化硫气体和高压电气设备的六氟 化硫气体, 一方面要满足液态的六氟化硫能够填满高压电气设备本体内的底 部, 直至溢出而能通过补气口或专用连接口和连接管流到储气罐内, 另一方面 还要满足最终的动态平衡: 储气罐给高压电气设备本体内补充的六氟化硫气体 可以抵消高压电气设备本体内液化的六氟化硫气体, 而整个过程中, 体积足够 大的储气罐的六氟化硫气体始终使高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气体的密 度大于高压电气设备所要求的六氟化硫气体密度的报警值, 防止高压电气设备 的密度继电器出现报警, 确保六氟化硫高压电气设备在严寒天气时的安全运 行。 由于六氟化硫气体的导热性能很差的特性, 把热量直接传递到高压电气设 备内部是非常困难的, 也是难以实现的。 而本发明的创新, 突破了传统通过把 热量直接传递到高压电气设备内部而防止六氟化硫气体液化的思路, 而是开创 了新的思路: 储气罐内所充的六氟化硫气体和高压电气设备的六氟化硫气体, 一方面能够满足高压电气设备本体内液化后的液态六氟化硫能够流到储气罐 内进行加热, 另一方面还能够满足最终的动态平衡: 储气罐给高压电气设备本 体内补充的六氟化硫气体可以抵消高压电气设备本体内液化的六氟化硫气体。 在整个过程中, 体积足够大的储气罐的六氟化硫气体始终使高压电气设备本体 内的六氟化硫气体的密度大于高压电气设备所要求的六氟化硫气体密度的报 警值, 防止高压电气设备的密度继电器出现报警, 确保六氟化硫高压电气设备 在严寒天气时的安全运行。
备注: 所述的六氟化硫高压电气设备包括六氟化硫高压瓷柱式断路器、 六 氟化硫高压罐式断路器、 六氟化硫 GI S、 六氟化硫电流互感器、 六氟化硫电压 互感器、 六氟化硫变压器等电气设备。 另外, 六氟化硫辅助储气罐还可以由其 它金属材料焊接而成, 或其它材料密封制成。 为了提高效果, 连接管和六氟化 硫高压电气设备的进气管采用内径大于 11mm的管道。
附图说明
图 1为本发明的第一种六氟化硫高压电气设备外形图;
图 2为本发明的第一种六氟化硫高压电气设备的防止六氟化硫气体液化装 置的结构示意图;
图 3为本发明第一种六氟化硫高压电气设备的防止六氟化硫气体液化装置 的加热装置的控制示意图;
图 4为本发明的新造的六氟化硫高压电气设备外形图;
图 5为本发明的第二种六氟化硫高压电气设备外形图;
图 6为图 5所示第二种六氟化硫高压电气设备的防止六氟化硫气体液化装 置的结构示意图;
图 7为图 5所示的第二种六氟化硫高压电气设备的防止六氟化硫气体液化 装置的加热装置的控制示意图;
图 8为本发明的第三种六氟化硫高压电气设备外形图;
图 9为本发明的第四种六氟化硫高压电气设备外形图。 具体实施方式
为了能更好地对本发明的技术方案进行理解, 下面通过具体的实施例并结 合附图对本发明进行详细地说明:
请参阅图 1、 图 2、 图 3 , 本发明的第一种六氟化硫高压电气设备, 包括高 压电气设备本体 11、 设置在高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气室 12、 密度继 电器 13、 防止六氟化硫气体液化的装置。 防止六氟化硫气体液化的装置包括六 氟化硫储气罐 1、 连接管 2、 加热装置 3、 绝热层 4、 壳体 5、 阀门 6、 接头 7、 绝热层 8等组成。 而加热装置 3主要由加热元件 31、 开关 32、 控制器 33、 装 置内温度传感器 34、 环境温度传感器 35、 智能控制元件 36、 压力传感器 37等 组成。 其中六氟化硫储气罐 1安装在高压电气设备旁, 连接管 2的一端密封连 接在高压电气设备本体的补气口 9或专用连接口上, 而另一端连接在阀门 6的 出气口上, 阀门 6的进气口连接在六氟化硫储气罐 1的出气口上并安装在储气 罐 1上, 同时六氟化硫储气罐 1上还连接有接头 7 , 作为补气等用途。 加热元 件 31可以装在六氟化硫储气罐 1的外面, 加热元件 31的外面装有保温效果良 好的绝热层 4。 六氟化硫储气罐 1、 加热元件 31、 开关 32、 控制器 33、 智能控 制元件 36、 压力传感器 37、 绝热层 4、 阀门 6、 接头 7等都安装在壳体 5内。 内温度传感器 34安装在六氟化硫储气罐 1 , 而外温度传感器 35安装在壳体 5 的外面, 能够测量到室外温度。 安装好后, 把六氟化硫补气气源与接头 7相连 接, 对六氟化硫储气罐 1抽真空, 充高纯氮气, 再充六氟化硫气体, 直至六氟 化硫储气罐 1中的六氟化硫气体压力达到六氟化硫高压电气设备要求或者规定 的额定压力为止。
在寒冷季节时, 温度下降很低时, 打开阀门 6 , 开启加热装置 3。 当打开 阀门 6时, 六氟化硫储气罐 1的六氟化硫气体就通过连接管 2和补气口 9与高 压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气室 12 的六氟化硫气体相连通。 通过温度传感 器 35检测到大气温度, 当大气温度下降到预先设定值时, 智能控制元件 36就 启动控制器 33 , 控制器 33开启加热元件 31 , 加热元件 31 即对给六氟化硫储 气罐 1及内部的六氟化硫气体加热。 由于有绝热层 4的保温作用, 六氟化硫储 气罐 1内部的六氟化硫气体的温度很快得到升高, 当温度高于高压电气设备本 体内的六氟化硫气室 12 的六氟化硫气体的温度时, 使该两处的六氟化硫气体 存在温差。 因为两处六氟化硫气体不同的温度导致 I起六氟化硫储气罐和气室之 间的的密度差,造成对流。而对流传导因为牵扯到动力过程,所以比直接传导迅速, 能快速传热, 效率高, 效果好。 这样, 储气罐 1的六氟化硫气体与六氟化硫气室
12的六氟化硫气体通过循环流动, 造成热对流, 快速把热量直接传导到六氟化 硫气室 12 , 使六氟化硫气室 12的六氟化硫气体的温度得到升高, 密度(压力) 同步上升, 就可以防止液化或液化过多, 即始终让高压电气设备本体内的六氟 化硫气室 12 的六氟化硫气体的温度高于其液化临界温度, 或确保高压电气设 备本体内的六氟化硫气室 12 的六氟化硫气体的密度高于高压电气设备的报警 值, 确保六氟化硫高压电气设备在严寒天气时的安全运行。 而当大气温度上升 到另一预先设定值时, 智能控制元件 36就关断控制器 33 , 控制器 33关断加热 元件 31 ,加热元件 31就停止给六氟化硫储气罐 1及内部的六氟化硫气体加热, 节约电能, 同时可以延长加热元件的使用寿命。 同时为了保障系统的可靠运行, 加热装置还设有加热元件断路报警功能, 即当加热元件由于使用寿命或损坏, 造成断路时, 智能控制元件 36 将会发出报警信号, 通知工作人员及时处理, 保障可靠工作。
本发明还可通过内温度传感器 34、 外温度传感器 35、 智能控制元件 36、 压力传感器 37 的作用, 检测到大气环境温度、 六氟化硫储气罐 1 内部的六氟 化硫气体温度、 高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气室 12 的六氟化硫气体的压 力密度, 进而依据六氟化硫气体压力温度特性, 以及六氟化硫高压电气设备运 行要求, 由智能控制元件 36实现对控制器 33和加热元件 31的智能自动控制, 实现高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气室 12 的六氟化硫气体的温度高于其液 化临界温度, 保证六氟化硫高压电气设备在极寒温度下安全运行, 同时又确保 节约电能。
在非寒冷季节时, 关闭阀门 6 , 此时六氟化硫储气罐 1 的六氟化硫气体与 高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气室 12 的六氟化硫气体是不相通。 同时切断 加热装置 3的开关 32 , 使加热元件 31不工作, 此时, 由于是非寒冷季节, 六 氟化硫高压电气设备中的六氟化硫气体是不会液化的, 六氟化硫高压电气设备 能够安全工作。
对于新制造的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 其六氟化硫储气罐可以直接与六氟 化硫气室相连通。 防止六氟化硫气体液化装置可以直接设置在六氟化硫高压电 气设备本体上, 即使防止六氟化硫气体液化装置与六氟化硫高压电气设备融为 一体。 例如, 防止六氟化硫气体液化装置可以直接设置在六氟化硫高压断路器 的机构箱 14上或横梁上, 如图 4所示。
请参见图 5、 图 6、 图 7 ,本发明的六氟化硫高压电气设备的第二种实施例, 包括高压电气设备本体 11、 设置在高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气室 12、 密度继电器 13、 防止六氟化硫气体液化装置。 防止六氟化硫气体液化装置包括 六氟化硫储气罐 1、 连接管 2、 加热装置 3、 绝热层 4、 壳体 5、 阀门 61、 阀门 62、 接头 7、 绝热层 8、 密度继电器 1 0等组成。 而加热装置 3主要由加热元件 31、 开关 32、 自动恒温控制器 38等组成。
在寒冷季节时, 温度下降很低时, 打开阀门 61和阀门 62 , 开启加热装置 3。 当打开阀门 61和阀门 62 时, 六氟化硫储气罐 1的六氟化硫气体就与高压 电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气室 12 的六氟化硫气体相连通。 通过自动恒温控 制器 38的温度传感器 381检测到大气温度, 当大气温度下降到预先设定值时, 自动恒温控制器 38就启动控制器 33 , 控制器 33开启加热元件 31 , 加热元件 31就开始给六氟化硫储气罐 1及内部的六氟化硫气体加热。储气罐 1的六氟化 硫气体与六氟化硫气室 12 的六氟化硫气体通过循环流动, 造成热对流, 快速 把热量直接传导到六氟化硫气室 12 , 使六氟化硫气室 12的六氟化硫气体的温 度得到升高, 就可以防止液化或液化过多, 即始终让高压电气设备本体内的六 氟化硫气室 12 的六氟化硫气体的温度高于其液化临界温度, 或确保高压电气 设备本体内的六氟化硫气室 12 的六氟化硫气体的密度高于高压电气设备的报 警值, 确保六氟化硫高压电气设备在严寒天气时的安全运行。 而当大气温度上 升到另一预先设定值时, 自动恒温控制器 38就关断控制器 33 , 控制器 33关断 加热元件 31 , 加热元件 31就停止给六氟化硫储气罐 1及内部的六氟化硫气体 加热, 节约电能, 同时可以延长加热元件的使用寿命。 同时为了保障系统的可 靠运行, 加热装置还设有加热元件断路报警功能, 即当加热元件由于使用寿命 或损坏, 造成断路时, 自动恒温控制器 38 将会发出报警信号, 通知工作人员 及时处理, 保障可靠工作。
请参阅图 8 , 本发明的第三种六氟化硫高压电气设备, 包括高压电气设备 本体 11、 设置在高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气室 12、 密度继电器 1 3、 防 止六氟化硫气体液化的装置。 防止六氟化硫气体液化的装置包括六氟化硫储气 罐 1、 连接管 2、 加热装置 3、 绝热层 4、 壳体 5、 阀门 6、 接头 7、 绝热层 8、 智能控制系统 16等组成,六氟化硫储气罐 1通过连接管连接在六氟化硫气室 12 的下半部。
六氟化硫储气罐 1 的外形为圓形, 采用铝合金材料焊接而成。 加热装置 3 主要由 3个加热元件 31、 气体密度传感器(压力传感器) 37、 开关、 控制器等 组成。 壳体 5采用不锈钢材料制成, 智能控制系统 16主要由温度传感器、 环 境温度传感器、 智能控制元件等组成。 其中六氟化硫储气罐 1安装在高压电气 设备旁, 连接管 2的一端密封连接在高压电气设备本体的补气口 9或专用连接 口上, 而另一端连接在阀门 6的出气口上, 阀门 6的进气口连接在六氟化硫储 气罐 1的出气口上并安装在储气罐上, 同时六氟化硫储气罐 1上还连接有接头 7 , 作为补气等用途。 3个加热元件 31可以装在六氟化硫储气罐 1的外面, 加 热元件 31的外面装有保温效果良好的绝热层 4。 六氟化硫储气罐 1、 加热元件 31、 开关、 控制器、 密度(压力) 传感器 37、 绝热层 4、 阀门 6、 接头 7、 智 能控制系统 16等都安装在壳体 5内。 智能控制系统 16的内温度传感器安装在 六氟化硫储气罐 1 , 而外温度传感器安装在壳体 5的外面, 能够测量到室外温 度。 安装好后, 把六氟化硫补气气源与接头 7相连接, 对六氟化硫储气罐 1抽 真空, 充高纯氮气, 再充六氟化硫气体, 直至六氟化硫储气罐 1中的六氟化硫 气体压力达到六氟化硫高压电气设备要求或者规定的额定压力为止。
在寒冷季节时, 温度下降很低时, 打开阀门 6 , 开启加热装置 3和智能控 制系统 16。 当打开阀门 6时, 六氟化硫储气罐 1的六氟化硫气体就通过补气口 9与高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气室 12的六氟化硫气体相连通。智能控制 系统 16 通过温度传感器检测到大气温度, 当大气温度下降到预先设定值时, 或压力下降到预先设定值时, 智能控制系统 16就启动加热装置 3 , 开启加热元 件 31 , 加热元件 31即对给六氟化硫储气罐 1及内部的六氟化硫气体加热。 由 于六氟化硫储气罐 1的体积足够大, 当储气罐 1内的六氟化硫气体与高压电气 设备本体内的六氟化硫气体连接后, 在环境温度降低到一定程度时, 储气罐 1 内的六氟化硫气体开始加热, 而高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气体出现液 化, 这时储气罐 1内的六氟化硫气体不断给高压电气设备本体内补充六氟化硫 气体, 同时随着环境温度的降低, 高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气体不断液 化, 当高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气体液化成液体时, 液态的六氟化硫就 会流到高压电气设备本体内的底部, 直至溢出流到高压电气设备本体的补气口
9或专用连接口, 然后通过连接管 2流到储气罐 1 内, 流到储气罐 1 内的液态 六氟化硫通过储气罐的加热装置 3的加热, 又变成气态的六氟化硫气体, 储气 罐 1依然可以持续不断地给高压电气设备本体内补充六氟化硫气体。这样一来, 高压电气设备本体内液化的液态六氟化硫通过连接管 2流到储气罐 1内, 而储 气罐 1又不断地给高压电气设备本体内补充六氟化硫气体, 最终达到一个动态 平衡: 储气罐 1给高压电气设备本体内补充的六氟化硫气体可以抵消高压电气 设备本体内液化的六氟化硫气体, 使高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气体的密 度大于高压电气设备所要求的六氟化硫气体密度的报警值, 防止高压电气设备 的密度继电器出现报警, 即确保高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气室的六氟化 硫气体的密度高于高压电气设备的报警值, 确保六氟化硫高压电气设备在严寒 天气时的安全运行。 即在常温下当储气罐内所充的六氟化硫气体的额定密度值 与六氟化硫高压电气设备的额定密度值一样时, 由于六氟化硫高压电气设备的 额定压力值与其报警压力值有一定的范围, 例如 LW36- 126型六氟化硫断路器, 其额定压力 P20=0. 6MPa , 报警压力 P1 = 0. 55MPa , 闭锁压力 P2=0. 5MPa , 又因为 高压电气设备的六氟化硫气体液化是有一过程的, 它逐步液化的, 而不是马上 液化的, 所以六氟化硫高压电气设备的六氟化硫气体出现液化时, 不会马上就 报警。 由于六氟化硫储气罐 1的体积足够大, 具体要求是六氟化硫储气罐的体 积 V同所述补气口或专用连接口设置点所在平面到六氟化硫气室底部之间的体 积 VI关系为: V 25V1。 本案例设计为六氟化硫储气罐的体积 V=75V1 , 这样可 以用在更寒冷的地区。 例如对于应用在 LW36-126 型六氟化^ L断路器的防止六 氟化硫气体液化的装置, 其储气罐 1的体积约设计为 0. 83m3, 其内经为 850mm, 高度为 1450mm。 其储气罐 1 内所充的六氟化硫气体足够多, 加上高压电气设备 的六氟化硫气体, 在温度下降时, 高压电气设备的六氟化硫气体出现液化, 变 成液态的六氟化硫, 液态六氟化硫的密度是气态六氟化硫的密度 30—40倍, 所 以液态六氟化硫比六氟化硫气体要重很多, 液态的六氟化硫自然就流到高压电 气设备本体内的底部, 不断积累, 能够填满高压电气设备本体内的底部, 直至 溢出流到高压电气设备本体的补气口 9 (或专用连接口) 和连接管 2 而流到储 气罐 1内, 这个过程需要一定的时间才能完成, 也只需要液化一部分六氟化硫 气体就能够完成, 而这个过程中, 六氟化硫高压电气设备的六氟化硫气体部分 的密度始终大于报警值, 六氟化硫高压电气设备始终处于安全运行状态。 另外 流到储气罐 1内的液态六氟化硫通过储气罐 1的加热装置 3的加热, 又变成气 态的六氟化硫气体, 储气罐 1 内的气体压力比高压电气设备的气体压力高, 储 气罐 1就可以持续不断地给高压电气设备本体内补充六氟化硫气体。温度低时, 高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气体不断液化, 液化后的液态六氟化硫就流到 储气罐 1 内, 假如每单位时间内液化的液态六氟化硫的质量用 Ml表示, 那么 从高压电气设备本体内通过连接管 2流到储气罐 1内的液态六氟化硫质量也是 Ml。 同时,流到储气罐 1内的液态六氟化硫通过储气罐 1的加热装置 3的加热, 又变成气态的六氟化硫气体, 储气罐 1 内的气体压力比高压电气设备的气体压 力高, 储气罐 1就可以持续不断地给高压电气设备本体内补充六氟化硫气体。 假如每单位时间内储气罐 1给高压电气设备本体内补充的六氟化硫气体的质量 用 M2表示, 这样一来, 当某一时刻 M1=M2 时, 高压电气设备就会最终达到一 个动态平衡: 液化的六氟化硫气体和补充的六氟化硫气体相等, 或者说储气罐 1 给高压电气设备本体内补充的六氟化硫气体可以抵消高压电气设备本体内液 化的六氟化硫气体, 使高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气体的密度大于高压电 气设备所要求的六氟化硫气体密度的报警值, 防止高压电气设备的密度继电器 出现报警, 即确保高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气室的六氟化硫气体的密度 高于高压电气设备的报警值, 确保六氟化硫高压电气设备在严寒天气时的安全 运行。
由于有绝热层 4的保温作用, 六氟化硫储气罐 1内部的六氟化硫气体的温 度很快得到升高, 压力同步上升, 就可以给高压电气设备补充六氟化硫气体。 而当大气温度上升到另一预先设定值时, 或压力升高到另一预先设定值时, 智 能控制系统 16就关断加热元件 31 ,加热元件 31就停止给六氟化硫储气罐 1及 内部的六氟化硫气体加热, 节约电能, 同时可以延长加热元件的使用寿命, 保 障六氟化硫储气罐 1的安全。 同时为了保障系统的可靠运行, 加热装置还设有 加热元件断路报警功能, 即当加热元件由于使用寿命或损坏, 造成断路时, 智 能控制系统 16 将会发出报警信号, 通知工作人员及时处理, 保障可靠工作。 由智能控制系统 16实现对加热元件 31的智能自动控制, 实现高压电气设备本 体内的六氟化硫气室 12 的六氟化硫气体的温度高于其液化临界温度, 保证六 氟化硫高压电气设备在极寒温度下安全运行, 同时又确保节约电能。
在非寒冷季节时, 关闭阀门 6 , 此时六氟化硫储气罐 1 的六氟化硫气体与 高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气室 12 的六氟化硫气体是不相通。 同时切断 加热装置 3 的开关, 使加热元件 31 不工作, 此时, 由于是非寒冷季节, 六氟 化硫高压电气设备中的六氟化硫气体是不会液化的, 六氟化硫高压电气设备能 够安全工作。
请参阅图 9 , 本发明的第四种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 与 本发明的第三种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备相比, 主要是对新制造 的六氟化硫高压电气设备而言, 六氟化硫高压电气设备每相的进气孔 17 改为 其底部的最下端 A处, 目的是避免大量的液态六氟化硫积累在高压电气设备的 底部, 使高压电气设备液化的液态六氟化硫最大化的流到储气罐 1内, 这样可 以减少储气罐 1的体积, 可以减少六氟化硫气体的使用量, 大大的降低成本。 因为这样储气罐只要能够最终达到一个动态平衡: 储气罐给高压电气设备本体 内补充的六氟化硫气体可以抵消高压电气设备本体内液化的六氟化硫气体, 使 高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气体的密度大于高压电气设备所要求的六氟 化硫气体密度的报警值, 防止高压电气设备的密度继电器出现报警, 所以可以 减少储气罐 1的体积, 可以减少六氟化硫气体的使用量, 大大的降低成本。
综上所述, 本发明由于采用了在传统的六氟化硫高压电气设备上加装防止 六氟化硫气体液化装置。 防止六氟化硫气体液化装置设有六氟化硫储气罐, 以 及加热装置, 通过加热装置加热六氟化硫储气罐的气体, 形成热对流。 通过对 流的传热方式, 把热量快速传递到高压电气设备内的六氟化硫气室的原理, 防 止六氟化硫气体液化或过多液化, 确保高压电气设备在寒冷天气可靠运行。 并 且首创的、 最为重要的、 最大的创新点还有: 本发明突破了传统通过把热量直 接传递到高压电气设备内部而防止六氟化硫气体液化的思路, 而是开创了全新 的思路: 储气罐内所充的六氟化硫气体和高压电气设备的六氟化硫气体, 一方 面能够满足高压电气设备本体内液化后的液态六氟化硫能够流到储气罐内进 行加热, 另一方面还能够满足最终的动态平衡: 储气罐给高压电气设备本体内 补充的六氟化硫气体可以抵消高压电气设备本体内液化的六氟化硫气体, 即高 压电气设备就会最终达到一个动态平衡: 液化的六氟化硫气体和补充的六氟化 硫气体相等, 或者说储气罐 1给高压电气设备本体内补充的六氟化硫气体可以 抵消高压电气设备本体内液化的六氟化硫气体, 使高压电气设备本体内的六氟 化硫气体的密度大于高压电气设备所要求的六氟化硫气体密度的报警值, 防止 高压电气设备的密度继电器出现报警, 即确保高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫 气室的六氟化硫气体的密度高于高压电气设备的报警值, 确保六氟化硫高压电 气设备在严寒天气时的安全运行。 由于六氟化硫储气罐是通过连接管与高压电 气设备连接的, 而六氟化硫储气罐是采用钢材焊接而成的, 通过一细长的连接 接头与连接管连接, 所有连接处已经远离加热元件, 其连接处的密封圈的温度 完全在正常工作范围内, 不会使密封圈老化, 不会发生气体泄漏现象。 总之, 本发明的核心创新之处是通过在传统的六氟化硫高压电气设备上加装六氟化 硫储气罐。 通过加热装置对六氟化硫储气罐加热, 先使储气罐内的六氟化硫气 体得到加热, 使其温度升高, 与六氟化硫气室的六氟化硫气体形成热对流, 快 速把热量直接传递到六氟化硫气室, 使六氟化硫气室的六氟化硫气体的温度得 到升高, 防止高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气室的六氟化硫气体液化或液化 过多, 确保六氟化硫高压电气设备在严寒天气时的安全运行, 克服了现有技术 加热装置直接对六氟化硫气室加热的诸多问题(具体见背景技术介绍) , 很好 的解决了电力系统多年来一直存在的问题: 六氟化硫高压电气设备在严寒天气 时的可靠安全运行问题。 试想, 如果没有实行在传统六氟化硫高压电气设备上 加装六氟化硫储气罐的创新, 就不能实现通过热对流的传热方式, 把热量快速 高效地传递到六氟化硫气室。 所以, 通过这样的创新, 使六氟化硫高压电气设 备在极寒地区其六氟化硫气体不会发生液化, 同时也不会降低六氟化硫高压电 气设备的使用寿命, 确保六氟化硫高压电气设备安全运行。 特别是, 本发明可 以直接应用在新设计的六氟化硫高压电气设备上, 也可以对现有已经运行的六 氟化硫高压电气设备进行改造。
非常重要的是: 高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气室的元件要专门设计, 如设计有通孔或间隙, 如其形状设计成不积留液态六氟化硫, 利于使所有液化 的液态六氟化硫能够最大限度的流到六氟化硫储气罐 1 , 使液态六氟化硫没有 在高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气室积留。 这样可以减少储气罐 1的体积, 可以减少六氟化硫气体的使用量, 大大的降低成本。
为了提高效果, 连接管和六氟化硫高压电气设备的进气管采用内径大于
11mm的管道。
本技术领域中的普通技术人员应当认识到, 以上的实施例仅是用来说明本 发明的, 而并非用作为对本发明的限定, 只要在本发明的实质精神范围内, 对 以上所述实施例的变化、 变型都将落在本发明的权利要求书范围内。

Claims

权利要求
1.一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 包括高压电气的设备本体、 该设备本体内设有六氟化硫气室、 密度继电器, 所述六氟化硫气室充有六氟化 硫气体,其特征在于: 所述的高压电气设备还包括防止六氟化硫气体液化装置, 该防止六氟化硫气体液化装置包括充有六氟化硫气体的六氟化硫储气罐、 对六 氟化硫储气罐提供加热的加热装置和连接管, 所述连接管的一端密封连接在高 压电气设备本体的补气口或专用连接口上, 而另一端连接在六氟化硫储气罐的 出气口上以使储气罐内与六氟化硫气室相互连通, 所述加热装置和该六氟化硫 储气罐设置在一起。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 其 特征在于: 所述六氟化硫储气罐由钢材焊接而成或钢瓶制成。
3.根据权利要求 1 或 2 所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设 备, 其特征在于: 所述的加热装置设置在六氟化硫储气罐外面, 其外设有绝热 层。
4.根据权利要求 1 或 2 所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设 备, 其特征在于: 所述的加热装置设置在六氟化硫储气罐内, 储气罐外设有绝 热层。
5.根据权利要求 1所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 其 特征在于: 所述的防止六氟化硫气体液化装置还设有阀门。
6.根据权利要求 1所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 其 特征在于: 所述的连接管的外面设有绝热层。
7.根据权利要求 1所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 其 特征在于: 所述的防止六氟化硫气体液化装置还设有六氟化硫密度继电器或密 度表或压力开关, 监控所述储气罐内部的六氟化硫气体的密度和压力。
8.根据权利要求 1所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 其 特征在于: 所述加热装置具有监控所述储气罐内和 /或六氟化硫气室内的温度 和气体密度以及环境温度的内外温度传感器、 压力传感器和智能控制元件。
9.根据权利要求 8所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 其 特征在于: 所述加热装置还具有加热元件断路报警电路。
1 0.根据权利要求 8 所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 其特征在于: 所述智能控制元件根据储气罐内和 /或六氟化硫气室内的温度和 气体密度以及环境温度控制加热元件。
11.根据权利要求 1 所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 其特征在于: 所述补气口或专用连接口设在所述六氟化硫高压电气设备的六氟 化硫气室下半部分,所述六氟化硫储气罐的体积 V 同所述补气口或专用连接口 设置点所在平面到六氟化硫气室底部之间的体积 VI关系为: V > 25V1。
12.根据权利要求 1 所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 其特征在于: 所述的六氟化硫高压电气设备每相的进气孔位于该相气室的最低 端。
13.根据权利要求 12所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 其特征在于: 所述六氟化硫储气罐的体积 V最终能够满足一个动态平衡: 储气 罐给高压电气设备本体内补充的六氟化硫气体可以抵消高压电气设备本体内 液化的六氟化硫气体。
14.根据权利要求 1 所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 其特征在于: 所述加热装置还具有智能控制系统, 该智能控制系统根据环境温 度、 防液化装置内部温度、 储气罐的温度、 高压电气设备本体内的压力或密度 控制加热器的投运和切断, 即当温度过低或压力过低时, 投运加热器; 而当压 力过高或温度升高时, 切断加热器。
15.根据权利要求 4 所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 其特征在于: 所述防液化装置还包括气体循环机构, 该气体循环机构包括能使 六氟化硫储气罐的六氟化硫气体和高压电气设备的六氟化硫气体快速循环交 换的高压泵。
16.根据权利要求 4 所述的一种用于寒冷地区的六氟化硫高压电气设备, 其特征在于: 所述高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气室里的元件专门设计有通 孔或间隙, 或其形状利于使所有液化的液态六氟化硫能够最大限度的流到六氟 化硫储气罐, 使液态六氟化硫没有在高压电气设备本体内的六氟化硫气室积 留。
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