Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C233/00—Carboxylic acid amides
  • C07C233/64—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
  • C07C233/67—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
  • C07C233/68—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom
  • C07C233/69—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/12—Antidiarrhoeals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
  • A61P13/10—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the bladder
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/08—Antiepileptics; Anticonvulsants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
  • C07B2200/13—Crystalline forms, e.g. polymorphs

Definitions

• the present invention relates to crystalline forms of a compound therapeutically useful in the treatment of muscular disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, or for controlling spasticity or tremors.
• WO 2005/080316 discloses compounds capable of modulating cannabinoid or cannabinoid-like receptors, including VSN16, the structure of which is shown below.
• VSN16 Initial studies demonstrated that VSN16 and related compounds exhibited a marked effect on spasticity in CREAE mice, providing strong evidence that a selective inhibition of spasticity was achieved without producing significant adverse CNS effects. Studies also demonstrated that the compounds inhibited gastrointestinal motility, as measured using a colonic propulsion test. VSN16 is understood to act on the endothelium to release nitric oxide and activate K Ca and TRPV-). Its solubility is believed to play a significant role in bringing about peripheral cannabinoid-like effects without accompanying central or severe cardiovascular responses.
• WO 2005/080316 discloses the preparation of VSN16 as shown in Scheme 1 below.
• compound lllb.1 can be separated from the corresponding Z isomer by crystallisation. This avoids the need for costly and time consuming purification using reverse phase HPLC, as required by previously described processes for preparing VSN16 and analogues thereof. Moreover, the ability to separate the E- and Z-isomers by crystallisation renders the process suitable for scale-up and contributes to an improved overall yield.
• VSN16 prepared in accordance with the prior art methods described above is in the form of an oil. Ideally, for large scale preparation and purification purposes, it would be advantageous if VS 16 could be processed as a solid. Accordingly, the present invention seeks to provide the compound VSN16 in crystalline form. In particular, the invention seeks to provide crystalline forms that retain the desired pharmacological activity of the compound. More specifically, but not exclusively, the present invention seeks to provide crystalline forms of the compound VSN16 that exhibit one or more improved properties.
• a first aspect of the invention relates to a crystalline form of the compound of formula (I)
• crystalline forms of the invention typically demonstrate one or more improved properties over the prior art forms. Suitable properties include, for example, one or more of the following: better storage stability, improved purity, improved ease of handling (flowability, compressibility, stability), easier purification, and easier synthetic scale up.
• a second aspect of the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising a crystalline form as described above as an active ingredient and a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent, excipient or carrier.
• a third aspect of the invention relates to a crystalline form as described above for use in medicine.
• a fourth aspect of the invention relates to a crystalline form as described above for use in the prevention or treatment of a muscular disorder, a gastrointestinal disorder, or for treating or controlling spasticity and tremors.
• a fifth aspect of the invention relates to use of a crystalline form as described above in the preparation of a medicament for the prevention or treatment of a muscular disorder, a gastrointestinal disorder, or for treating or controlling spasticity and tremors.
• a sixth aspect of the invention relates to a method for the prevention or treatment of a muscular disorder, a gastrointestinal disorder, or for treating or controlling spasticity and tremors, said method comprising administering a pharmacologically effective amount of a crystalline form as described above to a subject in need thereof.
• a seventh aspect of the invention relates to processes for preparing crystalline forms as described above.
• the crystalline forms of the invention may be characterised by a range of different analytical techniques, including x-ray powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. Further details of these techniques and equipment are set forth in the accompanying examples section.
• solvate or “solvated form” refers to a crystal having one or more molecules of solvent associated therewith as an inherent part of the crystal structure.
• the solvate or solvated form is the hydrate.
• the crystalline forms of the invention are at least 95 % pure (in terms of the purity of the crystal form), more preferably, at least 97 % pure, even more preferably, at least 98 or 99 % pure (for example, as analysed by HPLC). More preferably still, the crystalline forms of the invention are at least 99.5 % pure.
• the crystalline form is of formula (la),
• the present invention encompasses the crystalline form of the free base of compound (la) as well as crystalline forms of various pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
• One preferred embodiment of the invention relates to the crystalline form of the free base of compound (la).
• the crystalline form is characterized is characterized by an x-ray powder diffraction pattern having at least two diffraction peaks selected from the following 2[theta] values: 9.53 ⁇ 0.3, 10.35 ⁇ 0.3, 14.21 ⁇ 0.3, 14.35 ⁇ 0.3, 19.02 ⁇ 0.3, 19.18 ⁇ 0.3, 20.11 ⁇ 0.3, 20.34 ⁇ 0.3, 20.63 ⁇ 0.3, 21.55 ⁇ 0.3, 23.91 ⁇ 0.3, 24.03 ⁇ 0.3, 33.89 ⁇ 0.3, 38.48 ⁇ 0.3, 38.71 ⁇ 0.3, 38.89 ⁇ 0.3, 41.83 ⁇ 0.3 and 41.95 ⁇ 0.3.
• the crystalline form is characterized by having at least three, at least four, at least five, or at least six of the aforementioned diffraction peaks. Even more preferably, the crystalline form is characterized by having at least seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, or seventeen of the aforementioned diffraction peaks.
• the crystalline form is characterized by having two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen or eighteen of the aforementioned diffraction peaks.
• the crystalline form is characterized by an x-ray powder diffraction pattern having at least two diffraction peaks selected from the following 2[theta] values: 9.53 ⁇ 0.3, 14.21 ⁇ 0.3, 14.35 ⁇ 0.3, 19.02 ⁇ 0.3, 19.18 ⁇ 0.3, 20.34 ⁇ 0.3, 21.55 ⁇ 0.3, 38.71 ⁇ 0.3 and 38.89 ⁇ 0.3. More preferably, the crystalline form is characterized by having at least three, at least four, at least five, or at least six of the aforementioned diffraction peaks. Even more preferably, the crystalline form is characterized by having at least seven or eight of the aforementioned diffraction peaks.
• the crystalline form is characterized by having two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight or nine of the aforementioned diffraction peaks.
• the crystalline form is characterized by an x-ray powder diffraction pattern having at least two diffraction peaks selected from the following 2[theta] values: 9.53 ⁇ 0.3, 14.21 + 0.3, 14.35 ⁇ 0.3, 38.71 ⁇ 0.3 and 38.89 ⁇ 0.3.
• the crystalline form is characterized by having at least three or at least four of the aforementioned diffraction peaks.
• the crystalline form is characterized by having two, three or four or five of the aforementioned diffraction peaks.
• the crystalline form is characterized by an x-ray powder diffraction pattern in which the peak positions are substantially in accordance with the peak positions of the pattern shown in Figure 1 or listed in Table 1.
• a further aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing a crystalline compound of formula (la), said process comprising the steps of:
• steps (i) and (ii) are repeated once or twice, more preferably once.
• step (v) comprises leaving the oil at room temperature until crystallization occurs.
• step (v) comprises leaving the leaving the oil at room temperature for a period of at least 24 hours, more preferably, at least 48 hours, even more preferably, at least 72 hours, even more preferably still, at least a week.
• step (v) comprises leaving the oil at a temperature from about 10 °C to about 30 °C, more preferably, about 15 °C to about 25 °C, more preferably, about 20 °C to about 25 °C.
• a further aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing a crystalline compound of formula (la), said process comprising the steps of:
• step (ii) cooling the solution obtained in step (i) to a temperature of less than about 5 °C;
• step (iv) isolating the crystalline material formed in step (iii);
• step (i) comprises warming the mixture to form a solution.
• step (i) comprises warming the mixture to a temperature of at least 40 °C, more preferably, at least 45 °C, even more preferably, at least 50 °C.
• step (i) comprises cooling the solution obtained in step (i) to a temperature of about 0 °C, even more preferably, to a temperature of less than about 0 °C.
• step (ii) comprises isolating the crystalline material by filtration.
• step (iii) comprises stirring the mixture for a period of at least 1 hour, more preferably, at least 2 hours or 3 hours.
• step (iv) further comprises washing the crystalline material with cold solvent, wherein the solvent is the same solvent used in step (i).
• the isolated material is dried in vacuo until constant mass is achieved. More preferably, the isolated material is dried in vacuo at a temperature of about 25 °C.
• the solvent is methyl acetate.
• steps (i) to (iv) are repeated. If necessary, and in a preferred embodiment, before repeating steps (i) to (iv), the material is dissolved in an organic solvent (e.g. dichloromethane) and washed at least once with an aqueous acid solution (e.g. 0.1 M HCI solution). The organic phase is then preferably washed with brine, concentrated and dried in vacuo.
• an organic solvent e.g. dichloromethane
• an aqueous acid solution e.g. 0.1 M HCI solution
• VSN16 is an agonist at a novel cannabinoid receptor of the vasculature. It acts on the endothelium to release nitric oxide and activate KCa and TRPV1 (P. M. Hoi, C. Visintin, M. Okuyama, S. M. Gardiner, T. Bennett, D. Baker, D. L. Selwood and C. R. Hiley; British Journal of Pharmacology, 2007, 2007, 152, 751 -764). Studies have shown that VSN16 relaxes mesenteric arteries in an endothelium-dependent manner.
• the vasorelaxation is antagonized by high concentrations of the classical cannabinoid antagonists, rimonabant and AM 251 , as well as by 0-1918, an antagonist at the abnormal-cannabidiol receptor but not at CB1 or CB2 receptors. It does not affect [ 3 H]CP55,940 binding to CB1 receptors in rat cerebellum.
• the vasorelaxation is not pertussis toxin-sensitive but is reduced by inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis, Ca 2+ -sensitive K + channels (KCa) and TRPV1 receptors. In conscious rats, VSN16 transiently increases blood pressure and causes a longer-lasting increase in mesenteric vascular conductance.
• VS 16 is therefore believed to be of use in the treatment of prevention or treatment of a muscular disorder, a gastrointestinal disorder, or for treating or controlling spasticity and tremors. See WO 2005/080316 for further details.
• one aspect of the invention relates to a crystalline form as described above for use in medicine.
• Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a crystalline form as described above for use in the prevention or treatment of a muscular disorder, a gastrointestinal disorder, or for treating or controlling spasticity and tremors.
• Another aspect of the invention relates to the use of a crystalline form as described above in the preparation of a medicament for the prevention or treatment of a muscular disorder, a gastrointestinal disorder, or for treating or controlling spasticity and tremors.
• Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for the prevention or treatment of a muscular disorder, a gastrointestinal disorder, or for treating or controlling spasticity and tremors, said method comprising administering a pharmacologically effective amount of a crystalline form as described above to a subject in need thereof.
• the subject is a warm blooded animal, more preferably still, a human.
• preparation of a medicament includes the use of the above described crystalline form directly as the medicament in addition to its use in a screening programme for further active agents or in any stage of the manufacture of such a medicament.
• One preferred embodiment relates to the use of a crystalline form according to the invention in the treatment of a muscular disorder, a gastrointestinal disorder, or for treating or controlling spasticity and tremors.
• One preferred embodiment relates to the use of a crystalline form according to the invention in the treatment of a muscular disorder.
• the muscular disorder is a neuromuscular disorder.
• One preferred embodiment relates to the use of a crystalline form according to the invention in the treatment of a gastrointestinal disorder.
• the gastrointestinal disorder is selected from a gastric ulcer, Crohn's disease, secretory diarroehea and paralytic ileus.
• One preferred embodiment relates to the use of a crystalline form according to the invention for treating or controlling spasticity and tremors.
• the crystalline form When crystalline forms of the invention are used as a medicament, preferably as an agent for treatment or prevention of proliferative disorders, the crystalline form can be administered alone, or as a mixture of the crystalline form with an appropriate pharmacologically acceptable excipient(s), and/or diluent(s) and/or carrier(s).
• Another aspect of the invention therefore relates to a pharmaceutical composition
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising a crystalline form according as described above and a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent, excipient or carrier.
• compositions according to the present invention can be in unit dosage form such as tablets, capsules, granules, powders, syrups, injections, ointments, solutions, suspensions, aerosols, troches or the like for oral, topical or parenteral administration.
• the choice of pharmaceutical carrier, excipient or diluent can be selected with regard to the intended route of administration and standard pharmaceutical practice.
• the pharmaceutical compositions may comprise as, or in addition to, the carrier, excipient or diluent any suitable binder(s), lubricant(s), suspending agent(s), coating agent(s), solubilising agent(s).
• the pharmaceutical compositions may be for human or animal usage in human and veterinary medicine.
• the pharmaceutical compositions can be prepared in a known manner by using additives such as excipients, binding agents, disintegrating agents, lubricating agents, stabilizing agents, corrigents, suspending agents, diluents and solvents.
• additives such as excipients, binding agents, disintegrating agents, lubricating agents, stabilizing agents, corrigents, suspending agents, diluents and solvents.
• an excipient includes a sugar derivative such as lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, or sorbitol; a starch derivative such as corn starch, potato starch, alpha -starch, dextrin, carboxy methylstarch; a cellulose derivative such as crystalline cellulose, low- substituted hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, carboxymethyl- cellulose, calcium carboxymethylcellulose, internal-cross-linked sodium carboxymethylcellulose; acacia; dextran; pullulan; a silicate derivative such as light silicic acid anhydride, synthetic aluminum silicate, magnesium aluminate metasilicate; a phosphate derivative such as calcium phosphate; a carbonate derivative such as calcium carbonate; a sulfate derivative such as calcium sulfate; or the like.
• a sugar derivative such as lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, or sorbitol
• a starch derivative such as corn star
• Acceptable carriers or diluents for therapeutic use are well known in the pharmaceutical art, and are described, for example, in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mack Publishing Co. (A. R. Gennaro edit. 1985).
• suitable carriers include lactose, starch, glucose, methyl cellulose, magnesium stearate, mannitol, sorbitol and the like.
• suitable diluents include ethanol, glycerol and water.
• a disintegrating agent includes an excipient described hereinbefore, a chemically modified starch or cellulose derivative such as sodium cross-carmellose, sodium carboxymethylstarch, cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone or the like.
• Preservatives, stabilizers, dyes and even flavoring agents may be provided in the pharmaceutical composition.
• preservatives include sodium benzoate, sorbic acid and esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid.
• Antioxidants and suspending agents may be also used.
• An example of a stabilizing agent includes a para-hydroxybenzoic acid ester derivative such as methylparabene, propylparabene; an alcohol derivative such as chlorobutanol, benzyl alcohol, phenetyl alcohol; benzalkonium chloride; a phenol derivative such as phenol, cresol; thimerosal; acetic anhydride; sorbic acid; or the like.
• An example of a corrigent includes a sweetning, souring, and flavoring agents or the like all of which are ordinarily used.
• An example of a solvent includes water, ethanol, glycerin or the like.
• Suitable binders include an excipient described hereinbefore; gelatin; polyvinylpyrrolidone; macrogol; or the like, starch, natural sugars such as glucose, anhydrous lactose, free-flow lactose, beta-lactose, corn sweeteners, natural and synthetic gums, such as acacia, tragacanth or sodium alginate, carboxymethyl cellulose and polyethylene glycol.
• An example of a lubricating agent includes talc; stearic acid; a metal stearate derivative such as calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, sodium stearate; colloidal silica; veegum; a wax such as beeswax or spermaceti; boric acid; a glycol; a carboxy acid derivative such as fumaric acid, adipic acid; a sodium carboxylate such as sodium benzoate; a sulfate such as sodium sulfate; leucine; a lauryl sulfate such as sodium lauryl sulfate, or magnesium lauryl sulfate; a silicic acid derivative such as silicic acid anhydride, silicic acid hydrate; a starch derivative described above as an excipient; sodium oleate, sodium acetate, sodium chloride, or the like.
• compositions of the present invention may be adapted for oral, rectal, vaginal, parenteral, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, intraarterial, intrathecal, intrabronchial, subcutaneous, intradermal, intravenous, nasal, buccal or sublingual routes of administration.
• parenteral intramuscular, intraperitoneal, intraarterial, intrathecal, intrabronchial, subcutaneous, intradermal, intravenous, nasal, buccal or sublingual routes of administration.
• intramuscular intraperitoneal
• intraarterial intrathecal
• intrabronchial subcutaneous, intradermal, intravenous, nasal, buccal or sublingual routes of administration.
• these compositions contain from 1 to 250 mg and more preferably from 10-100 mg, of active ingredient per dose.
• compositions of the present invention may also be in form of suppositories, pessaries, suspensions, emulsions, lotions, ointments, creams, gels, sprays, solutions or dusting powders.
• transdermal administration is by use of a skin patch.
• the active ingredient can be incorporated into a cream consisting of an aqueous emulsion of polyethylene glycols or liquid paraffin.
• the active ingredient can also be incorporated, at a concentration of between 1 and 10% by weight, into an ointment consisting of a white wax or white soft paraffin base together with such stabilisers and preservatives as may be required.
• Injectable forms may contain between 10 - 1000 mg, preferably between 10 - 250 mg, of active ingredient per dose.
• compositions may be formulated in unit dosage form, i.e., in the form of discrete portions containing a unit dose, or a multiple or sub-unit of a unit dose.
• the dose of the crystalline form of the compound will depend on such factors as symptom, body weight and age of the patient.
• a suitable dosage level is 0.1 mg (preferably 1 mg) per day to 100 mg (preferably 50 mg) per day.
• the crystalline form of the compound of the invention can be administered as either a single unit dosage, or if desired, the dosage may be divided into convenient subunits administered at one to several times throughout the day depending on the symptoms of the patient.
• a person of ordinary skill in the art can easily determine an appropriate dose of one of the instant compositions to administer to a subject without undue experimentation.
• a physician will determine the actual dosage which will be most suitable for an individual patient and it will depend on a variety of factors including the activity of the specific compound employed, the metabolic stability and length of action of that compound, the age, body weight, general health, sex, diet, mode and time of administration, rate of excretion, drug combination, the severity of the particular condition, and the individual undergoing therapy.
• the dosages disclosed herein are exemplary of the average case. There can of course be individual instances where higher or lower dosage ranges are merited, and such are within the scope of this invention.
• a crystalline form according to the invention is administered in combination with one or more other pharmaceutically active agents.
• the crystalline form according to the invention may be administered consecutively, simultaneously or sequentially with the one or more other pharmaceutically active agents.
• Figure 1 shows the X-ray powder diffraction pattern of sample VSN16R (needles grown from oil).
• the diffraction pattern was obtained by irradiation of the crystalline product using a Panalytical X'pert pro diffractometer using Cu K alpha X-ray source 40Kv and 40mA. Sample were mounted on silicon wafers due to the small amount of sample. The sample was rotated during analysis to limit orientation effects.
• Figure 2 shows crystals of sample VSN16R (needles grown from oil) using a Leitz Laborlux 12, hot stage, polarised light microscope. Objective Nikon 4, 0.1 , 160/-.
• Figure 3 shows crystals of sample VP1218-58-42 (obtained from methyl acetate recrystallisation carried out on a 2.5g scale) using a using a Leitz Laborlux 12, hot stage, polarised light microscope. Objective Nikon 4, 0.1 , 160/-.
• Figure 4 shows crystals of sample VP1218-48-100F3 using a using a Leitz Laborlux 12, hot stage, polarised light microscope. Objective Nikon 4, 0.1 , 160/-.
• VSN16R is prepared in accordance with the methodology described in WO 2005/080316 (in the name of University College London), WO 2005/080316 (UCL Business PLC) or P. M. Hoi, C. Visintin, M. Okuyama, S. M. Gardiner, T. Bennett, D. Baker, D. L. Selwood and C. R. Hiley; British Journal of Pharmacology, 2007, 2007, 152, 751-764.
• VSN16R (1 g) was prepared by the methodology described in WO 2005/080316 or WO 2005/080316 and isolated as an oil. The oil was dried on a rotary evaporator to remove traces of other solvents. Ethyl acetate (100 ml_) was added and the solvent removed on a rotary evaporator. This process was repeated twice. The resultant oil in a 100 mL round bottomed flask was scratched with a glass rod and the oil left at room temperature for 1 week. During this time small crystals started to appear which when mixed with the oil induced the bulk material to crystallise. Seeding other batches of oil with a few crystals was sufficient to induce crystallisation. Methyl acetate was also found to be a suitable solvent. Method B: Crystallisation from methyl acetate
• VSN16R (2.5 g) was prepared by the methodology described in WO 2005/080316 or WO2005/080316 and isolated as an oil. The oil was dissolved in methyl acetate or ethyl acetate and crystallised as an off white solid.
• the material was treated with methyl acetate (3.2vol), warmed to 50 °C to obtain a homogeneous solution, filtered through GF/F microfibre filter paper (filtration to remove traces of palladium and solids) and then cooled to 5°C, seeded (0.1 wt%) and upon visible growth cooled to 0 °C and stirred for 1 hour, filtered and washed with cold methyl acetate to give (225g), then and dried in vacuum oven at 25°C until constant mass (200g). HPLC analysis indicated an impurity at 10%.
• the material was dissolved in dichloromethane (1 L, 5 vol) and washed with 1 m HCI (2x 0.5L and then brine (0.5L) and concentrated to give a clear oil (197g).
• the material was dissolved in methyl acetate (0.63L, 3.2 vol), filtered and charged to vessel. The solution was warmed to 50°C and then cooled to 5°C and seeded (0.15g, 0.075 wt%) and stirred until visible growth. The temperature was adjusted to 0°C and left to stir for 1 h then filtered washed with methyl acetate (150ml, 0.75 vol) to give (147g), placed in vacuum oven at 25 °C until at constant mass (144g, 60% overall).
• the sample was irradiated with Cu Ka radiation (40 kV, 40 mA).
• the samples chosen were the reference VSN16R needles (prepared by Method A) and the crystalline solid isolated using methyl acetate (VP1218-59-42; prepared by Method B).
• the XRPD results show that the solids isolated from methods A and B are the same polymorph.
• the XRPD trace for VSN16R is shown in Figure 1. Peak values and their relative intensities are listed in Table 1. Comparison of the d iff ractog rams for VSN16R and VP1218-59-42 indicate that the materials are the same polymorph. The same peaks were present in both of the samples with only a slight shift in position as a result of sample height displacement or slight variations in d-spacings between the planes. Minor differences in peak intensity and shape are most likely attributable to differences in the sample morphology and crystallite size. VSN16R is more crystalline and given the sharp narrow peaks is indicative of larger crystallites.
• VSN16R show reflections from what appears to be a second phase or impurity (additional peaks at ca 28°2) that is not present in VP1218-59-42 sample.
• Microscopy studies were carried out using a polarised light source to compare morphology of the crystals and assess the level of crystallinity. Microscopy studies showed that the crystalline solids isolated are small needles and aggregates thereof. Studies were carried out using a Leitz Laborlux 12, hot stage, polarised light microscope. Objective Nikon 4, 0.1 , 160/-.

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Neurology (AREA)
• Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Neurosurgery (AREA)
• Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
• Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
• Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

Priority Applications (7)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=47843537

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Cited By (1)

Citations (2)

• 2013
  • 2013-01-18 GB GBGB1300903.0A patent/GB201300903D0/en not_active Ceased
• 2014
  • 2014-01-17 US US14/760,592 patent/US9682924B2/en active Active
  • 2014-01-17 CA CA2897524A patent/CA2897524A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2014-01-17 NZ NZ630795A patent/NZ630795A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2014-01-17 EP EP14702299.0A patent/EP2945619B1/en active Active
  • 2014-01-17 RU RU2015134560A patent/RU2015134560A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2014-01-17 WO PCT/GB2014/050127 patent/WO2014111720A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2014-01-17 CN CN201480013204.7A patent/CN105142626A/zh active Pending
  • 2014-01-17 JP JP2015553165A patent/JP2016505036A/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (2)

Non-Patent Citations (7)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events