WO2014109067A1 - Ignition device for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Ignition device for internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014109067A1
WO2014109067A1 PCT/JP2013/050502 JP2013050502W WO2014109067A1 WO 2014109067 A1 WO2014109067 A1 WO 2014109067A1 JP 2013050502 W JP2013050502 W JP 2013050502W WO 2014109067 A1 WO2014109067 A1 WO 2014109067A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
overcurrent
igniter
circuit
ignition coil
ignition
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PCT/JP2013/050502
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
理之 石井
秀行 後藤
深津　克明
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日立オートモティブシステムズ阪神株式会社
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Priority to PCT/JP2013/050502 priority Critical patent/WO2014109067A1/en
Priority to JP2014514951A priority patent/JPWO2014109067A1/en
Publication of WO2014109067A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014109067A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
    • F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
    • F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
    • F02P3/055—Layout of circuits with protective means to prevent damage to the circuit, e.g. semiconductor devices or the ignition coil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P9/00—Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
    • F02P9/002—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine ignition device including an igniter that generates a high voltage on a secondary side of a coil by energizing / cutting off a primary current flowing through an ignition coil in accordance with an ignition signal output from an engine control unit.
  • an igniter that generates a high voltage on a secondary side of a coil by energizing / cutting off a primary current flowing through an ignition coil in accordance with an ignition signal output from an engine control unit.
  • An ignition device for an internal combustion engine is disposed for each cylinder of an engine, and a primary coil, a secondary coil disposed outside the primary coil, and the secondary coil and the primary coil are magnetically coupled in an insulating case. And an igniter including a power transistor that controls a primary current flowing in the primary coil of the ignition coil.
  • the conventional ignition device for an internal combustion engine includes an overcurrent protection circuit that prevents a current exceeding a specified value from flowing into the power transistor, and when the overheating of the power transistor is detected and a temperature exceeding a specified value is reached.
  • a self-protection circuit such as an overheat protection circuit that cuts off the current is added to prevent the ignition coil from being thermally destroyed due to abnormal heat generation (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • a blade fuse is added to a power supply line for supplying battery power to the ignition coil, and safety measures are taken to cut off the overcurrent when the ignition coil is short-circuited. .
  • the self-protection circuit of the igniter and the blade fuse provided on the vehicle side in the invention described in Patent Document 1 are based on the assumption that the igniter itself is in a normal state, and from the ECU (Engine Control Unit) Protective function is normal only when any abnormality other than the igniter occurs, such as when the ignition signal is continuously turned on, or when the winding part of the ignition coil melts due to abnormal heat and the insulation film melts and shorts It works to shut down the circuit. For example, if the collector-emitter of the power transistor that is the igniter drive element fails due to some factor such as an external surge and is short-circuited, or if a short-circuit occurs between elements in other igniter control circuits, the igniter itself is normal.
  • the ignition coil will continue to emit smoke for a long time.
  • a safety circuit fuse element, etc.
  • the resistance component of the ignition coil winding in which a short circuit between the windings due to melting has occurred.
  • the current flowing through the safety circuit varies, and therefore there is a possibility that the circuit is not properly disconnected by the safety circuit.
  • the present invention provides an ignition device for an internal combustion engine that can quickly shut off an overcurrent when an igniter is abnormal and can prevent abnormal heat generation due to an overcurrent caused by a short circuit between ignition coil windings and the like, and has high safety. Objective.
  • the invention according to claim 1 is configured to control energization / cutoff of the primary current flowing through the ignition coil in accordance with an ignition signal output from the engine control unit, and to apply a high voltage to the coil secondary side.
  • the function is based on a circuit cutoff current that is provided in a path of a current flowing from a power source to the GND through an ignition coil and an igniter and that satisfies a predetermined circuit cutoff condition.
  • an overcurrent interrupting means for interrupting energization to the ignition coil and the igniter, and a bypass circuit extending from the power supply side to the GND side without passing through the ignition coil and the igniter while leaving the overcurrent interrupting means in the current path
  • switching means for switching between opening and closing of the bypass circuit, and a high probability that the igniter has malfunctioned.
  • Is provided with an overcurrent cutoff circuit that switches the switch means that is normally open to a closed state based on detecting an igniter abnormal state that flows from the igniter to GND, and the current is intermittently supplied to the ignition coil If the igniter abnormality continues to flow, the overcurrent cutoff circuit functions the bypass circuit, switches the path of current flowing from the power source to the bypass circuit, and flows the circuit cutoff current to the overcurrent cutoff means.
  • the current cut-off means is made to function so as to cut off the energization to the ignition coil and the igniter.
  • the overcurrent cutoff means includes an overcurrent blowing element that blows at a rated current lower than a blade fuse provided in a vehicle. It is characterized by using.
  • the resistance increases due to self-heating and the circuit is substantially increased. It is characterized in that a current limiting element capable of interrupting the current is used.
  • the overcurrent cutoff means, the bypass circuit, and the overcurrent cutoff circuit include one ignition coil.
  • the overcurrent blocking means is operated only by the ignition coil corresponding to the igniter in which an abnormality is detected.
  • the invention according to claim 5 is the ignition device for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the overcurrent cutoff means, the bypass circuit, and the overcurrent cutoff circuit are a cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
  • the invention according to claim 6 is the ignition device for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the overcurrent cutoff means, the bypass circuit, and the overcurrent cutoff circuit are a cylinder of the internal combustion engine. It is assumed that two or three ignition coils installed every time are bundled between the GND harness of each common group and the GND ground, and the ignition coil igniter installed in any one cylinder in the common group is abnormal. When this occurs, power is cut off in all cylinders in the common group bundled with the cylinder.
  • the circuit is provided in a path of a current flowing from the power source to the GND through the ignition coil and the igniter, and functions based on a circuit breaking current that satisfies a predetermined circuit breaking condition flowing.
  • An overcurrent interrupting means for interrupting energization to the ignition coil and the igniter; a bypass circuit extending from the power supply side to the GND side without passing through the ignition coil and igniter while leaving the overcurrent interrupting means in the current path;
  • the switch means for switching the opening and closing of the bypass circuit, and based on detecting an igniter abnormal state in which an overcurrent having a high probability that an abnormality has occurred in the igniter flows from the igniter to the GND, is normally in the open state.
  • An overcurrent cut-off circuit for switching the switch means to a closed state so that the current continues to flow intermittently through the ignition coil.
  • the overcurrent cutoff circuit functions the bypass circuit, switches the path of current flowing from the power supply to the bypass circuit, flows the circuit cutoff current to the overcurrent cutoff means, and functions the overcurrent cutoff means Since the current to the ignition coil and igniter is cut off, the overcurrent is cut off immediately when an abnormality occurs in the igniter, and abnormal heat is generated due to an overcurrent caused by a short circuit between the ignition coil windings. Therefore, an ignition device for an internal combustion engine with high safety can be obtained.
  • the overcurrent breaking means uses an overcurrent blowing element that blows at a rated current lower than that of the blade fuse provided in the vehicle, the blade fuse on the vehicle side is used.
  • the overcurrent interrupting means can be made to function before the fusing, and the reliability becomes high.
  • the overcurrent interrupting means uses a current limiting element capable of substantially interrupting the circuit by increasing resistance due to self-heating when a circuit interrupting current flows. After the overcurrent cutoff circuit is activated, it is not necessary to replace the fuse as in the case of a convenience.
  • the overcurrent cut-off means, the bypass circuit, and the overcurrent cut-off circuit are provided one for each ignition coil, and the ignition coil corresponding to the igniter in which an abnormality has been detected. Since only the overcurrent interrupting means is operated, only the energization to the abnormal ignition coil can be selectively interrupted.
  • the overcurrent cutoff means, the bypass circuit, and the overcurrent cutoff circuit include a common GND harness in which all cylinders of the ignition coil installed for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine are bundled. Since the ignition coil igniter installed in any one of the cylinders is abnormal, the energization is cut off in all the cylinders bundled with the cylinder.
  • the overcurrent cutoff means, the bypass circuit, and the overcurrent cutoff circuit are provided for each common group in which two or three ignition coils installed for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine are bundled.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an ignition device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention.
  • the outline of the internal combustion engine ignition device according to the present embodiment is as follows. As shown in FIG. 1, energization / interruption of the primary current flowing in the primary coil 1a of the ignition coil 1 in accordance with an ignition signal from an ECU (engine control unit).
  • the igniter 3 is controlled to control the current flowing from the vehicle battery 11 to the primary coil 1a via the blade fuse 12 by energization control of the igniter 3, and the induced power of the secondary coil 1b magnetically coupled via the iron core And an electric spark is generated in the discharge gap of the spark plug 2.
  • the igniter 3 includes a power transistor 31, and the current between the collector and the emitter is controlled according to the ignition signal from the engine control unit.
  • the power transistor 31 When the power transistor 31 is ON, the primary winding of the ignition coil 1 from the vehicle battery 11 is controlled. Since a current flows from 1a to GND through the power transistor 31 of the igniter 3, it is possible to detect whether or not an overcurrent is flowing through the primary coil 1a by monitoring this current. That is, a short circuit between the windings of the ignition coil 1 is detected by detecting a state in which an overcurrent having a high probability that an abnormality has occurred in the igniter 3 is flowing from the igniter 3 to the GND as an igniter abnormality state and quickly shutting off the overcurrent.
  • an overcurrent fusing element 13 (power fuse) is provided between the igniter 3 and GND, and for example, the blade fuse 12 and the ignition coil 1
  • a bypass circuit serving as a current path for flowing a circuit breaking current from a bypass connection point provided between the igniter 3 and the bypass connection point provided between the igniter 3 and the overcurrent fusing element 13 is provided to detect an abnormal state of the igniter 3 Based on this, the overcurrent cutoff circuit 4 performs control for closing the bypass circuit that is normally open.
  • the overcurrent fusing element 13 functions as an overcurrent cut-off means that cuts off the energization of the ignition coil 1 and the igniter 3 when the conductor is blown based on the flow of a circuit cut-off current that satisfies a predetermined circuit cut-off condition. is there.
  • the overcurrent fusing element 13 may be provided in the path of current flowing from the vehicle battery 11 to the GND through the ignition coil 1 and the igniter 3 and on the power supply side or the GND side from the bypass circuit. In the present embodiment, it is provided in the overcurrent cutoff circuit 4 connected between the igniter 3 and GND.
  • the current detection resistor 41 of the overcurrent cutoff circuit 4 is inserted between the overcurrent fusing element 13 and the power transistor 31, and if the internal circuit of the igniter 3 is short-circuited for some reason, the vehicle battery 11 Current will intermittently flow to GND through the primary coil 1a.
  • this intermittent current passes through the current detection resistor 41, a voltage is generated at both ends of the current detection resistor, the base current flows through the overcurrent detection transistor 42, and the reference voltage VCC is applied to the collector.
  • the transistor 42 is turned on and a current flows between the collector and the emitter.
  • the collector-side potential of the overcurrent detection transistor 42 is Vin ⁇ , which is a determination voltage lower than the reference voltage VCC (according to the voltage dividing ratio of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 inserted between the power supply line of the reference voltage VCC and the ground)
  • Vin ⁇ is a determination voltage lower than the reference voltage VCC (according to the voltage dividing ratio of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 inserted between the power supply line of the reference voltage VCC and the ground)
  • the overcurrent cutoff circuit 4 by using the current detection resistor 41, the overcurrent detection transistor 42, and the overcurrent determination comparator 43, an overcurrent with a high probability that an abnormality has occurred in the igniter 3 is generated.
  • the presence / absence of an abnormal igniter flowing from the igniter 3 to the GND can be determined by the output signal Vout of the overcurrent determination comparator 43.
  • a current may flow instantaneously through the current detection resistor 41, and a malfunction may occur in which the overcurrent detection transistor 42 is turned on depending on element characteristics.
  • the overcurrent detection comparator 43 is turned on / off.
  • the on / off state of the bypass circuit operating transistor 44 can be controlled. That is, the bypass circuit in which the bypass circuit operation transistor 44 is inserted is always open when the overcurrent detection comparator 43 is off, but the overcurrent detection comparator 43 is turned on when an igniter abnormal state occurs.
  • the bypass circuit in the present embodiment includes a first bypass line 51 extending from a bypass connection point provided between the blade fuse 12 and the ignition coil 1 to the overcurrent cutoff circuit, and the first bypass line 51 and the bypass circuit operation.
  • a bypass connection point and a bypass provided between the second bypass line 52 connected to the collector of the transistor 44 and the overcurrent conduction resistor 45, and between the current detection resistor 41 and the overcurrent fusing element 13.
  • a third bypass line 53 connecting the emitter of the circuit operation transistor 44.
  • the power transistor 31 of the igniter 3 is turned on only when an ignition signal is input, and the primary winding 1a of the ignition coil 1 and the igniter 3 from the vehicle battery 11 are turned on.
  • the current flows to the GND through the power transistor 31, but when an overcurrent flows from the igniter 3 to the GND due to the igniter abnormal state, the bypass circuit transistor 44 of the overcurrent cutoff circuit 4 is turned on, the bypass circuit is closed, and ignition is performed.
  • the path is switched to a path through which current flows from the bypass circuit to GND without passing through the coil 1 and the igniter 3, and a large current (for example, a circuit breaking current sufficiently larger than the rated current of the overcurrent breaking element 13) passes through the bypass circuit.
  • the overcurrent blowing element 13 serving as the overcurrent interruption means is equal to or less than the rated current of the blade fuse 12 mounted on the vehicle side, so that the overcurrent before the blade fuse 12 is blown out. It is desirable that the current fusing element 13 be operated.
  • the overcurrent interrupting means is not limited to the overcurrent fusing element 13 that actually interrupts the circuit, but the current limit is such that when the circuit interrupting current flows, the resistance increases due to self-heating and the circuit can be substantially interrupted.
  • An element for example, a PTC thermistor may be used. In this case, after the overcurrent cutoff circuit 4 is operated, it is not necessary to replace the overcurrent cutoff means like a fuse, and convenience is improved.
  • the internal combustion engine ignition device of the present embodiment has a structure in which an overcurrent cutoff circuit 4 configured separately from the ignition coil 2 and the igniter 3 is connected between the igniter 3 and GND, Although it is easy to apply to an ignition device, it is not limited to this.
  • the overcurrent cutoff circuit 4 may be built in the ignition coil 1 or may be integrated with the igniter 3 by disposing the overcurrent cutoff circuit 4 having a substrate structure inside the igniter 3.
  • an ignition device for an internal combustion engine is unitized by providing an overcurrent cutoff means such as an igniter 3, an overcurrent cutoff circuit 4, an overcurrent fusing element 13 and a bypass circuit in the casing of the ignition coil 1, the internal combustion engine The convenience as an ignition device for a vehicle is high.
  • the overcurrent cutoff element 13, the bypass circuit, and the overcurrent cutoff circuit 4 are provided one for each ignition coil, and the ignition coil 1 corresponding to the igniter 3 in which an abnormality is detected is provided. Only the overcurrent interrupting element 13 is operated, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • an overcurrent blocking means, a bypass circuit, and an overcurrent blocking circuit are provided between a common GND harness that bundles all cylinders of an ignition coil installed for each cylinder of an internal combustion engine and a GND ground.
  • overcurrent blocking means, a bypass circuit, and an overcurrent blocking circuit are provided between a GND harness and a GND ground for each common group in which two or three ignition coils installed for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine are bundled.

Abstract

Provided is a highly safe ignition device for an internal combustion engine with which an overcurrent can be interrupted quickly when an igniter error occurs, thereby preventing abnormal heat generation due to an overcurrent caused by factors such as short-circuits between ignition coil windings. When an igniter error state wherein an overcurrent flows from a primary winding (1a) of an ignition coil (1) to the power transistor (31) of an igniter (3) occurs, an overcurrent determination comparator (43) of an overcurrent detection circuit (4) turns on, thereby turning on a transistor (44) used for bypass circuit operation and provided part way through a bypass circuit that runs to an overcurrent fusing element (13) without passing through the ignition coil (1) and the igniter (3). The bypass circuit closes, a circuit-interrupting current exceeding the rated current flows in the overcurrent fusing element (13), fusing occurs, and the supply of electricity from a vehicle battery (11) to the ignition coil (1) is blocked.

Description

内燃機関用点火装置Ignition device for internal combustion engine
　本発明は、エンジンコントロールユニットから出力される点火信号に応じて、点火コイルに流れる一次電流を通電・遮断制御することで、コイル二次側に高電圧を発生させるイグナイタを備える内燃機関用点火装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine ignition device including an igniter that generates a high voltage on a secondary side of a coil by energizing / cutting off a primary current flowing through an ignition coil in accordance with an ignition signal output from an engine control unit. About.
　内燃機関用点火装置は、エンジンの各気筒ごとに配置され、絶縁ケース内に、一次コイル、この一次コイルの外側に配設される二次コイル、この二次コイルおよび一次コイルを磁気的に結合する鉄心からなる点火コイルと、この点火コイルの一次コイルに流れる一次電流を制御するパワートランジスタを備えるイグナイタと、を収容したユニット状に構成される。
　そして、従来の内燃機関用点火装置には、ある規定以上の電流がパワートランジスタに流れるのを防ぐ過電流保護回路や、パワートランジスタの過熱を検知して、ある規定以上の温度に達したときに電流を遮断する過熱保護回路といった自己保護回路を付加し、点火コイルが異常発熱により熱破壊するのを防ぐようにしたものがある（例えば、特許文献１を参照）。また、通常、車輌側には、バッテリ電源を点火コイルに供給する電源ラインにブレードヒューズを付加しており、点火コイルが短絡故障した際の過電流を遮断するように安全対策が施されている。 An ignition device for an internal combustion engine is disposed for each cylinder of an engine, and a primary coil, a secondary coil disposed outside the primary coil, and the secondary coil and the primary coil are magnetically coupled in an insulating case. And an igniter including a power transistor that controls a primary current flowing in the primary coil of the ignition coil.
The conventional ignition device for an internal combustion engine includes an overcurrent protection circuit that prevents a current exceeding a specified value from flowing into the power transistor, and when the overheating of the power transistor is detected and a temperature exceeding a specified value is reached. There is a circuit in which a self-protection circuit such as an overheat protection circuit that cuts off the current is added to prevent the ignition coil from being thermally destroyed due to abnormal heat generation (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Also, normally, on the vehicle side, a blade fuse is added to a power supply line for supplying battery power to the ignition coil, and safety measures are taken to cut off the overcurrent when the ignition coil is short-circuited. .
特開２００１−２４８５２９号公報JP 2001-248529 A
　しかしながら、上記特許文献１に記載された発明におけるイグナイタの自己保護回路や、車輌側に設けられるブレードヒューズは、あくまでもイグナイタ自身が正常な状態であることを前提としており、ＥＣＵ（エンジンコントロールユニット）からの点火信号が連続ＯＮ状態となったり、点火コイルの巻線部が異常発熱により絶縁被膜が溶融して短絡するなど、イグナイタ以外の部分でなんらかの異常が起きた場合にのみ、保護機能が正常に働いて回路を遮断するものである。
　例えば、イグナイタの駆動素子であるパワートランジスタのコレクタ−エミッタ間が外部サージ等の何らかの要因で故障し、短絡した場合や、その他のイグナイタ制御回路内で素子間短絡が生じた場合、イグナイタ自身が正常に機能していないので、イグナイタのパワートランジスタに流れる電流の制御（過電流の制限、及び電流の遮断）が不可能となる。この場合、点火コイルに電流が断続的に流れ、点火コイル巻線表面の絶縁皮膜が異常発熱により溶融し、点火コイル巻線間が短絡する可能性があり、その結果、点火コイル巻線が有する抵抗成分が無くなり、バッテリ−ＧＮＤ間がデッドショートする形となるので、過大な電流が流れて、点火コイル内部が異常発熱し、点火コイルは溶損、発煙に至る。最悪の場合は発火する可能性もある。
　このような状況になると、通常は車輌側に設けられているブレードヒューズが溶断して過電流は遮断されることになる。しかしながら、点火コイル巻線の抵抗成分が無くならずに、車輌側のブレードヒューズが溶断する条件を満たさない低い電流が流れ続けるような場合には、点火コイルの発煙が長時間にわたって継続する状態に陥る。
　また、車輌側のブレードヒューズとは別に、内燃機関用点火装置内部に安全回路（ヒューズ素子等）を設けておいたとしても、溶融による巻線間短絡が生じた点火コイル巻線の抵抗成分の大きさによっては、安全回路に流れる電流が変動するため、その安全回路による回路の切断が適切に行われない可能性がある。したがって、内燃機関用点火装置内部に設ける安全回路の溶断特性の選定次第で、回路遮断が適正に行われなかったり、逆に判定条件がシビアすぎて誤作動による回路遮断が起きたりする可能性があるため、想定され得る全ての条件下で確実に点火コイルの溶損、発煙を防止するための安全回路を実現することは非常に困難である。
　そこで、本発明は、イグナイタの異常時に速やかに過電流を遮断し、点火コイル巻線間の短絡等に起因する過電流による異常発熱を防止でき、安全性の高い内燃機関用点火装置の提供を目的とする。 However, the self-protection circuit of the igniter and the blade fuse provided on the vehicle side in the invention described in Patent Document 1 are based on the assumption that the igniter itself is in a normal state, and from the ECU (Engine Control Unit) Protective function is normal only when any abnormality other than the igniter occurs, such as when the ignition signal is continuously turned on, or when the winding part of the ignition coil melts due to abnormal heat and the insulation film melts and shorts It works to shut down the circuit.
For example, if the collector-emitter of the power transistor that is the igniter drive element fails due to some factor such as an external surge and is short-circuited, or if a short-circuit occurs between elements in other igniter control circuits, the igniter itself is normal. Therefore, it is impossible to control the current flowing through the power transistor of the igniter (limit the overcurrent and cut off the current). In this case, current may flow intermittently in the ignition coil, the insulation film on the surface of the ignition coil winding may melt due to abnormal heat generation, and the ignition coil winding may be short-circuited. As a result, the ignition coil winding has Since the resistance component disappears and the battery-GND is dead-shorted, an excessive current flows, the inside of the ignition coil abnormally heats up, and the ignition coil melts and emits smoke. In the worst case, it may catch fire.
In such a situation, the blade fuse normally provided on the vehicle side is blown and the overcurrent is cut off. However, if the resistance component of the ignition coil winding is not lost, and a low current that does not satisfy the condition that the blade fuse on the vehicle side melts continues to flow, the ignition coil will continue to emit smoke for a long time. .
Even if a safety circuit (fuse element, etc.) is provided inside the ignition device for the internal combustion engine separately from the blade fuse on the vehicle side, the resistance component of the ignition coil winding in which a short circuit between the windings due to melting has occurred. Depending on the size, the current flowing through the safety circuit varies, and therefore there is a possibility that the circuit is not properly disconnected by the safety circuit. Therefore, depending on the selection of the fusing characteristics of the safety circuit provided inside the ignition device for the internal combustion engine, there is a possibility that the circuit is not properly interrupted, or conversely, the judgment condition is too severe and the circuit may be interrupted due to malfunction. For this reason, it is very difficult to realize a safety circuit for reliably preventing the ignition coil from being melted and smoked under all the conceivable conditions.
Accordingly, the present invention provides an ignition device for an internal combustion engine that can quickly shut off an overcurrent when an igniter is abnormal and can prevent abnormal heat generation due to an overcurrent caused by a short circuit between ignition coil windings and the like, and has high safety. Objective.
　上記課題を解決するために、請求項１に係る発明は、エンジンコントロールユニットから出力される点火信号に応じて、点火コイルに流れる一次電流を通電・遮断制御し、コイル二次側に高電圧を発生させるイグナイタを備える内燃機関用点火装置において、電源から点火コイルおよびイグナイタを経てＧＮＤへ流れる電流の経路の中に設けられ、予め定めた回路遮断条件を満たす回路遮断電流が流れることに基づいて機能し、点火コイルおよびイグナイタへの通電を遮断する過電流遮断手段と、前記過電流遮断手段を電流経路内に残したまま、点火コイルおよびイグナイタを経由せずに電源側からＧＮＤ側へ至るバイパス回路と、前記バイパス回路の開閉を切り換えるスイッチ手段を備え、前記イグナイタに異常が生じた蓋然性の高い過電流がイグナイタからＧＮＤへ流れているイグナイタ異常状態を検出することに基づいて、常時は開状態にある前記スイッチ手段を閉状態に切り換える過電流遮断回路と、を設け、前記点火コイルに電流が断続的に流れ続けるようなイグナイタの異常が生じた場合には、過電流遮断回路がバイパス回路を機能させ、電源から流れる電流の経路をバイパス回路に切り換えて回路遮断電流を過電流遮断手段に流し、過電流遮断手段を機能させることで点火コイルおよびイグナイタへの通電を遮断するようにしたことを特徴とする。
　また、請求項２に係る発明は、上記請求項１に記載の内燃機関用点火装置において、前記過電流遮断手段には、車輌に設けられるブレードヒューズよりも低い定格電流で溶断する過電流溶断素子を用いるようにしたことを特徴とする。
　また、請求項３に係る発明は、上記請求項１に記載の内燃機関用点火装置において、前記過電流遮断手段には、回路遮断電流を流すと自己発熱により抵抗が増大して実質的に回路を遮断できる電流制限素子を用いるようにしたことを特徴とする。
　また、請求項４に係る発明は、上記請求項１~請求項３の何れかに記載の内燃機関用点火装置において、前記過電流遮断手段、バイパス回路および過電流遮断回路は、点火コイル１個につき１個ずつ設けるものとし、異常が検出されたイグナイタに対応する点火コイルでのみ、過電流遮断手段を作動させるようにしたことを特徴とする。
　また、請求項５に係る発明は、上記請求項１~請求項３の何れかに記載の内燃機関用点火装置において、前記過電流遮断手段、バイパス回路および過電流遮断回路は、内燃機関の気筒毎に設置される点火コイルの全ての気筒を束ねた共通のＧＮＤハーネスとＧＮＤ接地間に設けるものとし、何れか一つの気筒に設置される点火コイルのイグナイタに異常が生じた際には、当該気筒と束ねられた全ての気筒で通電が遮断されるようにしたことを特徴とする。
　また、請求項６に係る発明は、上記請求項１~請求項３の何れかに記載の内燃機関用点火装置において、前記過電流遮断手段、バイパス回路および過電流遮断回路は、内燃機関の気筒毎に設置される点火コイルの２個又は３個を束ねた共通グループ毎のＧＮＤハーネスとＧＮＤ接地間に設けるものとし、共通グループ内の何れか一つの気筒に設置される点火コイルのイグナイタに異常が生じた際には、当該気筒と束ねられた共通グループ内全ての気筒で通電が遮断されるようにしたことを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-described problem, the invention according to claim 1 is configured to control energization / cutoff of the primary current flowing through the ignition coil in accordance with an ignition signal output from the engine control unit, and to apply a high voltage to the coil secondary side. In an internal combustion engine ignition device having an igniter to be generated, the function is based on a circuit cutoff current that is provided in a path of a current flowing from a power source to the GND through an ignition coil and an igniter and that satisfies a predetermined circuit cutoff condition. And an overcurrent interrupting means for interrupting energization to the ignition coil and the igniter, and a bypass circuit extending from the power supply side to the GND side without passing through the ignition coil and the igniter while leaving the overcurrent interrupting means in the current path And switching means for switching between opening and closing of the bypass circuit, and a high probability that the igniter has malfunctioned. Is provided with an overcurrent cutoff circuit that switches the switch means that is normally open to a closed state based on detecting an igniter abnormal state that flows from the igniter to GND, and the current is intermittently supplied to the ignition coil If the igniter abnormality continues to flow, the overcurrent cutoff circuit functions the bypass circuit, switches the path of current flowing from the power source to the bypass circuit, and flows the circuit cutoff current to the overcurrent cutoff means. The current cut-off means is made to function so as to cut off the energization to the ignition coil and the igniter.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the ignition device for an internal combustion engine according to the first aspect, the overcurrent cutoff means includes an overcurrent blowing element that blows at a rated current lower than a blade fuse provided in a vehicle. It is characterized by using.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the ignition device for an internal combustion engine according to the first aspect, when the circuit breaking current is supplied to the overcurrent interruption means, the resistance increases due to self-heating and the circuit is substantially increased. It is characterized in that a current limiting element capable of interrupting the current is used.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the ignition device for an internal combustion engine according to any one of the first to third aspects, the overcurrent cutoff means, the bypass circuit, and the overcurrent cutoff circuit include one ignition coil. The overcurrent blocking means is operated only by the ignition coil corresponding to the igniter in which an abnormality is detected.
The invention according to claim 5 is the ignition device for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the overcurrent cutoff means, the bypass circuit, and the overcurrent cutoff circuit are a cylinder of the internal combustion engine. It shall be provided between a common GND harness that bundles all the cylinders of the ignition coil installed every time and the GND ground, and when an abnormality occurs in the igniter of the ignition coil installed in any one of the cylinders, It is characterized in that energization is cut off in all cylinders bundled with the cylinder.
The invention according to claim 6 is the ignition device for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the overcurrent cutoff means, the bypass circuit, and the overcurrent cutoff circuit are a cylinder of the internal combustion engine. It is assumed that two or three ignition coils installed every time are bundled between the GND harness of each common group and the GND ground, and the ignition coil igniter installed in any one cylinder in the common group is abnormal. When this occurs, power is cut off in all cylinders in the common group bundled with the cylinder.
　請求項１に係る発明によれば、電源から点火コイルおよびイグナイタを経てＧＮＤへ流れる電流の経路の中に設けられ、予め定めた回路遮断条件を満たす回路遮断電流が流れることに基づいて機能し、点火コイルおよびイグナイタへの通電を遮断する過電流遮断手段と、前記過電流遮断手段を電流経路内に残したまま、点火コイルおよびイグナイタを経由せずに電源側からＧＮＤ側へ至るバイパス回路と、前記バイパス回路の開閉を切り換えるスイッチ手段を備え、前記イグナイタに異常が生じた蓋然性の高い過電流がイグナイタからＧＮＤへ流れているイグナイタ異常状態を検出することに基づいて、常時は開状態にある前記スイッチ手段を閉状態に切り換える過電流遮断回路と、を設け、前記点火コイルに電流が断続的に流れ続けるようなイグナイタの異常が生じた場合には、過電流遮断回路がバイパス回路を機能させ、電源から流れる電流の経路をバイパス回路に切り換えて回路遮断電流を過電流遮断手段に流し、過電流遮断手段を機能させることで点火コイルおよびイグナイタへの通電を遮断するようにしたので、イグナイタに異常が生じたときには、速やかに過電流を遮断し、点火コイル巻線間の短絡等に起因する過電流による異常発熱を防止でき、安全性の高い内燃機関用点火装置となる。
　また、請求項２に係る発明によれば、前記過電流遮断手段には、車輌に設けられるブレードヒューズよりも低い定格電流で溶断する過電流溶断素子を用いるようにしたので、車輌側のブレードヒューズが溶断するよりも先に過電流遮断手段を機能させることができ、信頼性の高いものとなる。
　また、請求項３に係る発明によれば、前記過電流遮断手段には、回路遮断電流を流すと自己発熱により抵抗が増大して実質的に回路を遮断できる電流制限素子を用いるようにしたので、過電流遮断回路が動作した後、ヒューズのように交換する必要が無く、利便性がよい。
　また、請求項４に係る発明によれば、前記過電流遮断手段、バイパス回路および過電流遮断回路は、点火コイル１個につき１個ずつ設けるものとし、異常が検出されたイグナイタに対応する点火コイルでのみ、過電流遮断手段を作動させるようにしたので、異常のある点火コイルへの通電のみを選択的に遮断できる。
　また、請求項５に係る発明によれば、前記過電流遮断手段、バイパス回路および過電流遮断回路は、内燃機関の気筒毎に設置される点火コイルの全ての気筒を束ねた共通のＧＮＤハーネスとＧＮＤ接地間に設けるものとし、何れか一つの気筒に設置される点火コイルのイグナイタに異常が生じた際には、当該気筒と束ねられた全ての気筒で通電が遮断されるようにしたので、接続するハーネスで纏められた全気筒の点火コイルへの通電が遮断される。
　また、請求項６に係る発明によれば、前記過電流遮断手段、バイパス回路および過電流遮断回路は、内燃機関の気筒毎に設置される点火コイルの２個又は３個を束ねた共通グループ毎のＧＮＤハーネスとＧＮＤ接地間に設けるものとし、共通グループ内の何れか一つの気筒に設置される点火コイルのイグナイタに異常が生じた際には、当該気筒と束ねられた共通グループ内全ての気筒で通電が遮断されるようにしたので、接続するハーネスで纏められた共通グループに含まれる全気筒の点火コイルへの通電が遮断されるが、他のグループの点火コイルへの通電は継続される。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, the circuit is provided in a path of a current flowing from the power source to the GND through the ignition coil and the igniter, and functions based on a circuit breaking current that satisfies a predetermined circuit breaking condition flowing. An overcurrent interrupting means for interrupting energization to the ignition coil and the igniter; a bypass circuit extending from the power supply side to the GND side without passing through the ignition coil and igniter while leaving the overcurrent interrupting means in the current path; The switch means for switching the opening and closing of the bypass circuit, and based on detecting an igniter abnormal state in which an overcurrent having a high probability that an abnormality has occurred in the igniter flows from the igniter to the GND, is normally in the open state. An overcurrent cut-off circuit for switching the switch means to a closed state so that the current continues to flow intermittently through the ignition coil. When an igniter abnormality occurs, the overcurrent cutoff circuit functions the bypass circuit, switches the path of current flowing from the power supply to the bypass circuit, flows the circuit cutoff current to the overcurrent cutoff means, and functions the overcurrent cutoff means Since the current to the ignition coil and igniter is cut off, the overcurrent is cut off immediately when an abnormality occurs in the igniter, and abnormal heat is generated due to an overcurrent caused by a short circuit between the ignition coil windings. Therefore, an ignition device for an internal combustion engine with high safety can be obtained.
Further, according to the invention of claim 2, since the overcurrent breaking means uses an overcurrent blowing element that blows at a rated current lower than that of the blade fuse provided in the vehicle, the blade fuse on the vehicle side is used. The overcurrent interrupting means can be made to function before the fusing, and the reliability becomes high.
According to the invention of claim 3, since the overcurrent interrupting means uses a current limiting element capable of substantially interrupting the circuit by increasing resistance due to self-heating when a circuit interrupting current flows. After the overcurrent cutoff circuit is activated, it is not necessary to replace the fuse as in the case of a convenience.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the overcurrent cut-off means, the bypass circuit, and the overcurrent cut-off circuit are provided one for each ignition coil, and the ignition coil corresponding to the igniter in which an abnormality has been detected. Since only the overcurrent interrupting means is operated, only the energization to the abnormal ignition coil can be selectively interrupted.
According to the invention of claim 5, the overcurrent cutoff means, the bypass circuit, and the overcurrent cutoff circuit include a common GND harness in which all cylinders of the ignition coil installed for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine are bundled. Since the ignition coil igniter installed in any one of the cylinders is abnormal, the energization is cut off in all the cylinders bundled with the cylinder. The energization to the ignition coils of all cylinders collected by the harness to be connected is cut off.
According to the invention of claim 6, the overcurrent cutoff means, the bypass circuit, and the overcurrent cutoff circuit are provided for each common group in which two or three ignition coils installed for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine are bundled. When an abnormality occurs in the ignition coil igniter installed in any one of the cylinders in the common group, all cylinders in the common group bundled with the cylinders Since the energization is cut off at this point, the energization to the ignition coils of all the cylinders included in the common group collected by the connected harness is cut off, but the energization to the ignition coils of other groups is continued. .
　図１は、本発明に係る内燃機関用点火装置の一実施形態を示す概略構成図である。 FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an ignition device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention.
　次に、添付図面に基づいて、本発明に係る内燃機関用点火装置の実施形態を詳細に説明する。
　本実施形態に係る内燃機関用点火装置の概略は、図１に示すように、ＥＣＵ（エンジンコントロールユニット）からの点火信号に応じて、点火コイル１の一次コイル１ａに流れる一次電流の通電・遮断を制御するイグナイタ３を備え、このイグナイタ３の通電制御により、車輌バッテリー１１からブレードヒューズ１２を介して一次コイル１ａへ流れる電流を制御し、鉄心を介して磁気結合する二次コイル１ｂの誘起電力を制御し、点火プラグ２の放電ギャップに電気火花を発生させる。
　上記イグナイタ３はパワートランジスタ３１を備え、エンジンコントロールユニットからの点火信号に応じてコレクタ−エミッタ間の通電・遮断が制御され、パワートランジスタ３１のＯＮ時には、車輌バッテリ１１から点火コイル１の一次巻線１ａを通り、イグナイタ３のパワートランジスタ３１からＧＮＤまで電流が流れるので、この電流を監視すれば、一次コイル１ａに過電流が流れているか否かを検出できる。すなわち、イグナイタ３に異常が生じた蓋然性の高い過電流がイグナイタ３からＧＮＤへ流れている状態をイグナイタ異常状態として検出し、速やかに過電流を遮断すれば、点火コイル１の巻線間の短絡等に起因する過電流による異常発熱を防止できるのである。
　上記のようなイグナイタ３の異常発生時に過電流遮断を速やかに行うため、例えばイグナイタ３とＧＮＤとの間に過電流溶断素子１３（電力ヒューズ）を設けると共に、例えばブレードヒューズ１２と点火コイル１との間に設けたバイパス接続点からイグナイタ３と過電流溶断素子１３との間に設けたバイパス接続点まで回路遮断電流を流すための電流経路となるバイパス回路を設け、イグナイタ３の異常状態を検出することに基づいて常時は開いているバイパス回路を閉じる制御を過電流遮断回路４により行うのである。
　過電流溶断素子１３は、予め定めた回路遮断条件を満たす回路遮断電流が流れることに基づいて導体が溶断し、点火コイル１およびイグナイタ３への通電を遮断する過電流遮断手段として機能するものである。この過電流溶断素子１３は、車輌バッテリ１１から点火コイル１およびイグナイタ３を経てＧＮＤへ流れる電流の経路の中であって、上記バイパス回路よりも電源側かＧＮＤ側に設けておけば良いが、本実施形態においては、イグナイタ３とＧＮＤ間に接続する過電流遮断回路４内に設けるものとした、
　また、過電流遮断回路４の電流検出用抵抗４１は、上記過電流溶断素子１３とパワートランジスタ３１との間に介挿し、イグナイタ３の内部回路が何らかの原因で短絡故障した場合、車輌バッテリ１１から一次コイル１ａを通ってＧＮＤへ電流が断続的に流れることとなる。この断続的な電流が電流検出抵抗４１を通ることで電流検出抵抗両端に電圧が発生し、過電流検出用トランジスタ４２にベース電流が流れ、基準電圧ＶＣＣがコレクタに印加されている過電流検出用トランジスタ４２がオンとなってコレクタ−エミッタ間に電流が流れる。
　上記過電流検出用トランジスタ４２のコレクタ側電位がＶｉｎ−に、基準電圧ＶＣＣよりも低い判定用電圧（基準電圧ＶＣＣの給電線と接地間に介挿した抵抗Ｒ１と抵抗Ｒ２の分圧比に応じた電圧）がＶｉｎ＋に、各々入力されている過電流判定用コンパレータ４３は、過電流検出用トランジスタ４２がオフの時、Ｖｉｎ＋の入力電位よりもＶｉｎ−の入力電位の方が高いため、過電流判定用コンパレータ４３の出力Ｖｏｕｔはオフである。一方、過電流検出用トランジスタ４２がオンになると、Ｖｉｎ−の入力電位が接地電位に落ちるためＶｉｎ＋の入力電位の方が高くなり、過電流判定用コンパレータ４３の出力Ｖｏｕｔがオンになる。
　以上のように、過電流遮断回路４においては、電流検出用抵抗４１、過電流検出用トランジスタ４２、過電流判定用コンパレータ４３を用いることで、イグナイタ３に異常が生じた蓋然性の高い過電流がイグナイタ３からＧＮＤへ流れているイグナイタ異常状態の有無を、過電流判定用コンパレータ４３の出力信号Ｖｏｕｔにより判定できるのである。
　なお、点火信号によりイグナイタ３が正常動作している場合でも、瞬時的に電流検出用抵抗４１に電流が流れ、素子特性によっては過電流検出用トランジスタ４２がオンとなる誤動作が生ずる可能性もあるので、補償用コンデンサＣを設けることで、過電流判定用コンパレータ４３のＶｉｎ−の入力電位がＶｉｎ＋の入力電位よりも低くなるまでに、点火信号のオン時間よりも十分に長い時間を要するものとした。
　上記過電流検出用コンパレータ４３の出力信号Ｖｏｕｔを、バイパス回路の開閉を切り換えるスイッチ手段としてのバイパス回路作動用トランジスタ４４のベース入力とすることで、過電流検出用コンパレータ４３のオン／オフに応じてバイパス回路動作用トランジスタ４４のオン／オフを制御できる。すなわち、このバイパス回路動作用トランジスタ４４が介挿されたバイパス回路は、過電流検出用コンパレータ４３がオフである常時には開いているが、イグナイタ異常状態の発生によって過電流検出用コンパレータ４３がオンになるとバイパス回路動作用トランジスタ４４がオンになり、バイパス回路が閉じることで、点火コイル１およびイグナイタ３を通らずに車輌バッテリ１１から過電流溶断素子１３を経てＧＮＤへ至る電流経路が形成される。
　なお、本実施形態におけるバイパス回路は、ブレードヒューズ１２と点火コイル１との間に設けたバイパス接続点から過電流遮断回路へ至る第１バイパス線路５１と、該第１バイパス線路５１とバイパス回路動作用トランジスタ４４のコレクタとを接続すると共に過電流通電用抵抗４５が介挿された第２バイパス線路５２と、電流検出用抵抗４１と過電流溶断素子１３との間に設けたバイパス接続点とバイパス回路動作用トランジスタ４４のエミッタとを接続する第３バイパス線路５３と、から成る。
　上述した本実施形態に係る内燃機関用点火装置において、通常は、点火信号の入力時だけイグナイタ３のパワートランジスタ３１がオンになり、車輌バッテリ１１から点火コイル１の一次巻線１ａおよびイグナイタ３のパワートランジスタ３１を経てＧＮＤへ電流が流れているが、イグナイタ異常状態によりイグナイタ３からＧＮＤへ過電流が流れると、過電流遮断回路４のバイパス回路用トランジスタ４４オンになってバイパス回路が閉じ、点火コイル１およびイグナイタ３を経ずにバイパス回路からＧＮＤへ電流が流れる経路に切り換えられ、バイパス回路を経由した大電流（例えば、過電流遮断素子１３の定格電流よりも十分に大きい回路遮断電流）が過電流溶断素子１３に流れるので、過電流溶断素子１３の導体が速やかに溶断し、過電流を確実に遮断できるのである。これにより、イグナイタ３の故障等に起因する過電流によって点火コイル１の巻線が異常発熱し、溶損したり発煙したりするのを防ぐことができる。
　なお、過電流遮断手段としての過電流溶断素子１３は、車輌側に取り付けられているブレードヒューズ１２の定格電流と同等、ないしはそれ以下とすることにより、ブレードヒューズ１２が溶断するよりも先に過電流溶断素子１３が動作する特性にしておくことが望ましい。しかしながら、過電流遮断素子１３を別途設けずに、ブレードヒューズ１２を過電流遮断素子として用い、バイパス回路が閉じたときにはブレードヒューズ１２の定格電流よりも十分に高い回路遮断電流が流れるようにしても良い。また、過電流遮断手段は、実際に回路を遮断する過電流溶断素子１３に限定されるものではなく、回路遮断電流を流すと自己発熱により抵抗が増大して実質的に回路を遮断できる電流制限素子（例えば、ＰＴＣサーミスタ）を用いても良い。斯くすれば、過電流遮断回路４が動作した後、ヒューズのように過電流遮断手段を交換する必要が無く、利便性が良くなる。
　さらに、本実施形態の内燃機関用点火装置は、点火コイル２やイグナイタ３とは別体に構成した過電流遮断回路４をイグナイタ３とＧＮＤとの間に接続する構造とし、既存の内燃機関用点火装置に適用し易いものとしたが、これに限定されるものではない。例えば、過電流遮断回路４を点火コイル１の内部に内蔵する構造でも良いし、イグナイタ３の内部に基板構成の過電流遮断回路４を配設することでイグナイタ３と一体化しても良い。或いは、点火コイル１の筐体内にイグナイタ３、過電流遮断回路４、過電流溶断素子１３等の過電流遮断手段およびバイパス回路を一体に設け、内燃機関用点火装置をユニット化すれば、内燃機関用点火装置としての利便性が高いものとなる。無論、これらを適宜な組み合わせで別体として構成しても良い。
　また、上述した実施形態では、過電流遮断素子１３、バイパス回路および過電流遮断回路４は、点火コイル１個につき１個ずつ設けるものとし、異常が検出されたイグナイタ３に対応する点火コイル１でのみ、過電流遮断素子１３を作動させるようにしたが、これに限定されるものではない。例えば、内燃機関の気筒毎に設置される点火コイルの全ての気筒を束ねた共通のＧＮＤハーネスとＧＮＤ接地間に、過電流遮断手段、バイパス回路および過電流遮断回路を設けるものとし、何れか一つの気筒に設置される点火コイルのイグナイタに異常が生じた際には、当該気筒と束ねられた全ての気筒で通電が遮断されるようにし、接続するハーネスで纏められた全気筒の点火コイルへの通電が遮断されるようにしても良い。或いは、内燃機関の気筒毎に設置される点火コイルの２個又は３個を束ねた共通グループ毎のＧＮＤハーネスとＧＮＤ接地間に、過電流遮断手段、バイパス回路および過電流遮断回路を設けるものとし、共通グループ内の何れか一つの気筒に設置される点火コイルのイグナイタに異常が生じた際には、当該気筒と束ねられた共通グループ内全ての気筒で通電が遮断されるようにし、接続するハーネスで纏められた共通グループに含まれる全気筒の点火コイルへの通電は遮断されるものの、他のグループの点火コイルへの通電は継続されるようにしても良い。
　以上、本発明に係る内燃機関用点火装置の実施形態を添付図面に基づいて説明したが、本発明は、本実施形態に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲に記載の構成を変更しない範囲で、公知既存の等価な技術手段を転用することにより実施しても構わない。 Next, based on an accompanying drawing, an embodiment of an ignition device for internal-combustion engines concerning the present invention is described in detail.
The outline of the internal combustion engine ignition device according to the present embodiment is as follows. As shown in FIG. 1, energization / interruption of the primary current flowing in the primary coil 1a of the ignition coil 1 in accordance with an ignition signal from an ECU (engine control unit). The igniter 3 is controlled to control the current flowing from the vehicle battery 11 to the primary coil 1a via the blade fuse 12 by energization control of the igniter 3, and the induced power of the secondary coil 1b magnetically coupled via the iron core And an electric spark is generated in the discharge gap of the spark plug 2.
The igniter 3 includes a power transistor 31, and the current between the collector and the emitter is controlled according to the ignition signal from the engine control unit. When the power transistor 31 is ON, the primary winding of the ignition coil 1 from the vehicle battery 11 is controlled. Since a current flows from 1a to GND through the power transistor 31 of the igniter 3, it is possible to detect whether or not an overcurrent is flowing through the primary coil 1a by monitoring this current. That is, a short circuit between the windings of the ignition coil 1 is detected by detecting a state in which an overcurrent having a high probability that an abnormality has occurred in the igniter 3 is flowing from the igniter 3 to the GND as an igniter abnormality state and quickly shutting off the overcurrent. It is possible to prevent abnormal heat generation due to overcurrent caused by the above.
In order to quickly shut off the overcurrent when an abnormality occurs in the igniter 3 as described above, for example, an overcurrent fusing element 13 (power fuse) is provided between the igniter 3 and GND, and for example, the blade fuse 12 and the ignition coil 1 A bypass circuit serving as a current path for flowing a circuit breaking current from a bypass connection point provided between the igniter 3 and the bypass connection point provided between the igniter 3 and the overcurrent fusing element 13 is provided to detect an abnormal state of the igniter 3 Based on this, the overcurrent cutoff circuit 4 performs control for closing the bypass circuit that is normally open.
The overcurrent fusing element 13 functions as an overcurrent cut-off means that cuts off the energization of the ignition coil 1 and the igniter 3 when the conductor is blown based on the flow of a circuit cut-off current that satisfies a predetermined circuit cut-off condition. is there. The overcurrent fusing element 13 may be provided in the path of current flowing from the vehicle battery 11 to the GND through the ignition coil 1 and the igniter 3 and on the power supply side or the GND side from the bypass circuit. In the present embodiment, it is provided in the overcurrent cutoff circuit 4 connected between the igniter 3 and GND.
In addition, the current detection resistor 41 of the overcurrent cutoff circuit 4 is inserted between the overcurrent fusing element 13 and the power transistor 31, and if the internal circuit of the igniter 3 is short-circuited for some reason, the vehicle battery 11 Current will intermittently flow to GND through the primary coil 1a. When this intermittent current passes through the current detection resistor 41, a voltage is generated at both ends of the current detection resistor, the base current flows through the overcurrent detection transistor 42, and the reference voltage VCC is applied to the collector. The transistor 42 is turned on and a current flows between the collector and the emitter.
The collector-side potential of the overcurrent detection transistor 42 is Vin−, which is a determination voltage lower than the reference voltage VCC (according to the voltage dividing ratio of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 inserted between the power supply line of the reference voltage VCC and the ground) When the overcurrent detection transistor 42 is off, the input potential of Vin− is higher than the input potential of Vin + when the overcurrent detection comparator 42 is input to Vin +. The output Vout of the comparator 43 is off. On the other hand, when the overcurrent detection transistor 42 is turned on, the Vin− input potential falls to the ground potential, so the Vin + input potential becomes higher, and the output Vout of the overcurrent determination comparator 43 is turned on.
As described above, in the overcurrent cutoff circuit 4, by using the current detection resistor 41, the overcurrent detection transistor 42, and the overcurrent determination comparator 43, an overcurrent with a high probability that an abnormality has occurred in the igniter 3 is generated. The presence / absence of an abnormal igniter flowing from the igniter 3 to the GND can be determined by the output signal Vout of the overcurrent determination comparator 43.
Even when the igniter 3 is normally operated by the ignition signal, a current may flow instantaneously through the current detection resistor 41, and a malfunction may occur in which the overcurrent detection transistor 42 is turned on depending on element characteristics. Therefore, by providing the compensation capacitor C, a time sufficiently longer than the on-time of the ignition signal is required until the Vin− input potential of the overcurrent determination comparator 43 becomes lower than the Vin + input potential. did.
By using the output signal Vout of the overcurrent detection comparator 43 as the base input of the bypass circuit operating transistor 44 as switching means for switching the opening and closing of the bypass circuit, the overcurrent detection comparator 43 is turned on / off. The on / off state of the bypass circuit operating transistor 44 can be controlled. That is, the bypass circuit in which the bypass circuit operation transistor 44 is inserted is always open when the overcurrent detection comparator 43 is off, but the overcurrent detection comparator 43 is turned on when an igniter abnormal state occurs. Then, the bypass circuit operation transistor 44 is turned on and the bypass circuit is closed, so that a current path from the vehicle battery 11 to the GND via the overcurrent fusing element 13 without passing through the ignition coil 1 and the igniter 3 is formed.
The bypass circuit in the present embodiment includes a first bypass line 51 extending from a bypass connection point provided between the blade fuse 12 and the ignition coil 1 to the overcurrent cutoff circuit, and the first bypass line 51 and the bypass circuit operation. A bypass connection point and a bypass provided between the second bypass line 52 connected to the collector of the transistor 44 and the overcurrent conduction resistor 45, and between the current detection resistor 41 and the overcurrent fusing element 13. And a third bypass line 53 connecting the emitter of the circuit operation transistor 44.
In the internal combustion engine ignition device according to the present embodiment described above, normally, the power transistor 31 of the igniter 3 is turned on only when an ignition signal is input, and the primary winding 1a of the ignition coil 1 and the igniter 3 from the vehicle battery 11 are turned on. The current flows to the GND through the power transistor 31, but when an overcurrent flows from the igniter 3 to the GND due to the igniter abnormal state, the bypass circuit transistor 44 of the overcurrent cutoff circuit 4 is turned on, the bypass circuit is closed, and ignition is performed. The path is switched to a path through which current flows from the bypass circuit to GND without passing through the coil 1 and the igniter 3, and a large current (for example, a circuit breaking current sufficiently larger than the rated current of the overcurrent breaking element 13) passes through the bypass circuit. Since it flows to the overcurrent fusing element 13, the conductor of the overcurrent fusing element 13 is blown out quickly, Current is able reliably shut off. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the winding of the ignition coil 1 from being abnormally heated due to an overcurrent caused by a failure of the igniter 3 or the like, and causing melting or smoke generation.
It should be noted that the overcurrent blowing element 13 serving as the overcurrent interruption means is equal to or less than the rated current of the blade fuse 12 mounted on the vehicle side, so that the overcurrent before the blade fuse 12 is blown out. It is desirable that the current fusing element 13 be operated. However, it is also possible to use a blade fuse 12 as an overcurrent interruption element without separately providing the overcurrent interruption element 13 so that a circuit interruption current sufficiently higher than the rated current of the blade fuse 12 flows when the bypass circuit is closed. good. Further, the overcurrent interrupting means is not limited to the overcurrent fusing element 13 that actually interrupts the circuit, but the current limit is such that when the circuit interrupting current flows, the resistance increases due to self-heating and the circuit can be substantially interrupted. An element (for example, a PTC thermistor) may be used. In this case, after the overcurrent cutoff circuit 4 is operated, it is not necessary to replace the overcurrent cutoff means like a fuse, and convenience is improved.
Furthermore, the internal combustion engine ignition device of the present embodiment has a structure in which an overcurrent cutoff circuit 4 configured separately from the ignition coil 2 and the igniter 3 is connected between the igniter 3 and GND, Although it is easy to apply to an ignition device, it is not limited to this. For example, the overcurrent cutoff circuit 4 may be built in the ignition coil 1 or may be integrated with the igniter 3 by disposing the overcurrent cutoff circuit 4 having a substrate structure inside the igniter 3. Alternatively, if an ignition device for an internal combustion engine is unitized by providing an overcurrent cutoff means such as an igniter 3, an overcurrent cutoff circuit 4, an overcurrent fusing element 13 and a bypass circuit in the casing of the ignition coil 1, the internal combustion engine The convenience as an ignition device for a vehicle is high. Of course, these may be configured as separate bodies in appropriate combinations.
In the above-described embodiment, the overcurrent cutoff element 13, the bypass circuit, and the overcurrent cutoff circuit 4 are provided one for each ignition coil, and the ignition coil 1 corresponding to the igniter 3 in which an abnormality is detected is provided. Only the overcurrent interrupting element 13 is operated, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, an overcurrent blocking means, a bypass circuit, and an overcurrent blocking circuit are provided between a common GND harness that bundles all cylinders of an ignition coil installed for each cylinder of an internal combustion engine and a GND ground. When an abnormality occurs in the igniter of the ignition coil installed in one cylinder, the energization is cut off in all cylinders bundled with the cylinder, and the ignition coils of all cylinders gathered by the connecting harness May be cut off. Alternatively, overcurrent blocking means, a bypass circuit, and an overcurrent blocking circuit are provided between a GND harness and a GND ground for each common group in which two or three ignition coils installed for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine are bundled. When an abnormality occurs in the igniter of the ignition coil installed in any one cylinder in the common group, all the cylinders in the common group that are bundled with the cylinder are cut off and connected. Although energization to the ignition coils of all cylinders included in the common group gathered by the harness is cut off, energization to the ignition coils of other groups may be continued.
As mentioned above, although embodiment of the ignition device for internal combustion engines which concerns on this invention was described based on the accompanying drawing, this invention is not limited to this embodiment, The structure as described in a claim is not changed. In the range, it may be carried out by diverting known equivalent technical means.
　１　　点火コイル
　１ａ　一次コイル
　１ｂ　二次コイル
　２　　点火プラグ
　３　　イグナイタ
　３１　パワートランジスタ
　４　　過電流遮断回路
　４１　電流検出用抵抗
　４２　過電流検出用トランジスタ
　４３　過電流判定用コンパレータ
　４４　バイパス回路作動用トランジスタ
　４５　過電流通電用抵抗
　５１　第１バイパス線路
　５２　第２バイパス線路
　５３　第３バイパス線路
１１　　車輌バッテリー
１２　　ブレードヒューズ
１３　　過電流溶断素子（過電流遮断手段） DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ignition coil 1a Primary coil 1b Secondary coil 2 Spark plug 3 Igniter 31 Power transistor 4 Overcurrent interruption circuit 41 Current detection resistor 42 Overcurrent detection transistor 43 Overcurrent determination comparator 44 Bypass circuit operation transistor 45 Overcurrent energization Resistor 51 First bypass line 52 Second bypass line 53 Third bypass line 11 Vehicle battery 12 Blade fuse 13 Overcurrent fusing element (overcurrent interruption means)

Claims (6)

  1. 　エンジンコントロールユニットから出力される点火信号に応じて、点火コイルに流れる一次電流を通電・遮断制御し、コイル二次側に高電圧を発生させるイグナイタを備える内燃機関用点火装置において、
    　電源から点火コイルおよびイグナイタを経てＧＮＤへ流れる電流の経路の中に設けられ、予め定めた回路遮断条件を満たす回路遮断電流が流れることに基づいて機能し、点火コイルおよびイグナイタへの通電を遮断する過電流遮断手段と、
    　前記過電流遮断手段を電流経路内に残したまま、点火コイルおよびイグナイタを経由せずに電源側からＧＮＤ側へ至るバイパス回路と、
    　前記バイパス回路の開閉を切り換えるスイッチ手段を備え、前記イグナイタに異常が生じた蓋然性の高い過電流がイグナイタからＧＮＤへ流れているイグナイタ異常状態を検出することに基づいて、常時は開状態にある前記スイッチ手段を閉状態に切り換える過電流遮断回路と、
    　を設け、
    　前記点火コイルに電流が断続的に流れ続けるようなイグナイタの異常が生じた場合には、過電流遮断回路がバイパス回路を機能させ、電源から流れる電流の経路をバイパス回路に切り換えて回路遮断電流を過電流遮断手段に流し、過電流遮断手段を機能させることで点火コイルおよびイグナイタへの通電を遮断するようにしたことを特徴とする内燃機関用点火装置。     In an internal combustion engine ignition device including an igniter that controls energization / cutoff of a primary current flowing through an ignition coil according to an ignition signal output from an engine control unit and generates a high voltage on a secondary side of the coil.
    Provided in the path of the current that flows from the power source to the GND through the ignition coil and igniter, functions based on the fact that a circuit interruption current that satisfies a predetermined circuit interruption condition flows, and cuts off the energization to the ignition coil and igniter Overcurrent interruption means;
    A bypass circuit extending from the power supply side to the GND side without passing through the ignition coil and igniter while leaving the overcurrent interruption means in the current path;
    The switch means for switching the opening and closing of the bypass circuit, and based on detecting an igniter abnormal state in which an overcurrent having a high probability that an abnormality has occurred in the igniter flows from the igniter to the GND, is normally in the open state. An overcurrent cutoff circuit for switching the switch means to a closed state;
    Provided,
    When an igniter abnormality that causes the current to continue to flow intermittently in the ignition coil occurs, the overcurrent cutoff circuit functions the bypass circuit and switches the path of the current flowing from the power source to the bypass circuit to reduce the circuit cutoff current. An internal combustion engine ignition device characterized in that current is supplied to an ignition coil and an igniter by passing the overcurrent cutoff means and causing the overcurrent cutoff means to function.
  2. 　前記過電流遮断手段には、車輌に設けられるブレードヒューズよりも低い定格電流で溶断する過電流溶断素子を用いるようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の内燃機関用点火装置。 2. An ignition apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the overcurrent cutting means is an overcurrent blowing element that blows at a rated current lower than that of a blade fuse provided in a vehicle.
  3. 　前記過電流遮断手段には、回路遮断電流を流すと自己発熱により抵抗が増大して実質的に回路を遮断できる電流制限素子を用いるようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の内燃機関用点火装置。 2. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein a current limiting element capable of substantially interrupting a circuit by increasing a resistance due to self-heating when a circuit breaking current flows is used as the overcurrent breaking means. Ignition device.
  4. 　前記過電流遮断手段、バイパス回路および過電流遮断回路は、点火コイル１個につき１個ずつ設けるものとし、異常が検出されたイグナイタに対応する点火コイルでのみ、過電流遮断手段を作動させるようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１~請求項３の何れか１項に記載の内燃機関用点火装置。 The overcurrent cut-off means, the bypass circuit, and the overcurrent cut-off circuit are provided one by one for each ignition coil, and the overcurrent cut-off means is operated only by the ignition coil corresponding to the igniter in which an abnormality is detected. The ignition device for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ignition device is an internal combustion engine.
  5. 　前記過電流遮断手段、バイパス回路および過電流遮断回路は、内燃機関の気筒毎に設置される点火コイルの全ての気筒を束ねた共通のＧＮＤハーネスとＧＮＤ接地間に設けるものとし、何れか一つの気筒に設置される点火コイルのイグナイタに異常が生じた際には、当該気筒と束ねられた全ての気筒で通電が遮断されるようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１~請求項３の何れか１項に記載の内燃機関用点火装置。 The overcurrent cut-off means, the bypass circuit, and the overcurrent cut-off circuit are provided between a common GND harness that bundles all the cylinders of the ignition coil installed for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine and the GND ground. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein when an abnormality occurs in an igniter of an ignition coil installed in a cylinder, energization is cut off in all cylinders bundled with the cylinder. An ignition device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1.
  6. 　前記過電流遮断手段、バイパス回路および過電流遮断回路は、内燃機関の気筒毎に設置される点火コイルの２個又は３個を束ねた共通グループ毎のＧＮＤハーネスとＧＮＤ接地間に設けるものとし、共通グループ内の何れか一つの気筒に設置される点火コイルのイグナイタに異常が生じた際には、当該気筒と束ねられた共通グループ内全ての気筒で通電が遮断されるようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１~請求項３の何れか１項に記載の内燃機関用点火装置。 The overcurrent cut-off means, the bypass circuit and the overcurrent cut-off circuit are provided between a GND harness and a GND ground for each common group in which two or three ignition coils installed for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine are bundled, When an abnormality occurs in the igniter of the ignition coil installed in any one cylinder in the common group, power is cut off in all the cylinders in the common group bundled with the cylinder. The ignition device for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
PCT/JP2013/050502 2013-01-08 2013-01-08 Ignition device for internal combustion engine WO2014109067A1 (en)

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US9525273B1 (en) 2015-11-18 2016-12-20 Semiconductor Components Industries, Llc Method of forming an igniter circuit and structure therefor
US9698574B2 (en) 2015-11-18 2017-07-04 Semiconductor Components Industries, Llc Method of forming an igniter circuit and structure therefor
EP4057461A1 (en) * 2021-03-12 2022-09-14 Noras, Jorge Alberto Ferreira A method and an electrical protection device for protecting a load powered by a power source
WO2022190073A1 (en) * 2021-03-12 2022-09-15 Fundação Noras A method and an electrical protection device for protecting a load powered by a power source

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US9698574B2 (en) 2015-11-18 2017-07-04 Semiconductor Components Industries, Llc Method of forming an igniter circuit and structure therefor
EP4057461A1 (en) * 2021-03-12 2022-09-14 Noras, Jorge Alberto Ferreira A method and an electrical protection device for protecting a load powered by a power source
WO2022190073A1 (en) * 2021-03-12 2022-09-15 Fundação Noras A method and an electrical protection device for protecting a load powered by a power source

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