WO2014108513A1

WO2014108513A1 - Drive train having a hydrodynamic retarder and an electric machine

Info

Publication number: WO2014108513A1
Application number: PCT/EP2014/050409
Authority: WO
Inventors: Joachim MENNE; Tilman Huth; Werner Adams; Martin Becke; Dieter Laukemann
Original assignee: Voith Patent Gmbh
Priority date: 2013-01-10
Filing date: 2014-01-10
Publication date: 2014-07-17
Also published as: DE102013000239B4; DE102013000239A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a drive train comprising a hydrodynamic retarder and an electric machine. Said hydrodynamic retarder has a driven primary wheel, which comprises a primary-wheel main body having a plurality of primary-wheel blades, and a secondary wheel, which is stationary or driven counter to the primary wheel and which comprises a secondary-wheel main body having a plurality of secondary-wheel blades, and the primary wheel and the secondary wheel face each other by means of the blades thereof in the axial direction, which corresponds to the rotational axis of at least the primary wheel, in such a way that a toroidal working chamber, which is or can be filled with a working medium, is formed in the region of the blades in order to transmit torque hydrodynamically from the primary wheel to the secondary wheel by means of a hydrodynamic circulatory flow of the working medium in the working chamber. The electric machine has a driven rotor and a stator which are electromagnetically operatively connected to each other, in order to generate driving power from electrical energy in the manner of an electric motor in a first state and to generate electrical energy from driving power in the manner of a generator in a second state. The primary wheel of the hydrodynamic retarder and the rotor of the electric machine have a common drive shaft as a power input. The invention is characterised in that the rotor of the electric machine has a rotor axis that corresponds to the rotational axis of the rotor, which extends perpendicularly or at an angle to the axial direction of the hydrodynamic retarder.

Description

Powertrain with a hydrodynamic retarder and an electric

machine

The present invention relates to a drive train with a

hydrodynamic retarder and an electric machine, in detail according to the preamble of claim 1.

While conventionally either a hydrodynamic retarder or an electric machine for braking a drive train, in particular a motor vehicle drive train, as the present invention advantageously has been provided, has been proposed recently, drive trains in which a hydrodynamic retarder with an electric

Machine was combined to brake the powertrain on the one hand hydrodynamically and on the other hand by generating electrical power wear. The provision of an electric machine in addition to the

hydrodynamic retarder has the advantage that the wear-free

Braking power can be optimized over the entire vehicle speed range and also the electrical power generated during braking with the electric machine can be used to drive electrical units or stored in an electrical storage to later for driving electric units or the drive train, in particular

Motor vehicle powertrain to be used.

The prior art is referred to the document DE 10 2004 055 821 AI, which discloses a combination of a hydrodynamic retarder and an electric machine to a brake unit, wherein the primary wheel of the hydrodynamic retarder and the rotor of the electric machine coaxial with each other, directly against rotation against each other, in the axial direction at a distance

to each other, eccentric to each other, connected to each other via a gear or arranged side by side on different waves. DE 10 2005 052 121 AI describes a hydrodynamic retarder or a hydrodynamic clutch with decelerable secondary wheel, wherein non-positive and frictional braking devices, hydraulic brake systems or

electric / electromagnetic brake systems for deceleration are proposed.

DE 10 2007 038 236 AI describes an electric machine to the

Decelerate the secondary side of a hydrodynamic coupling, wherein the electric machine is also used to start the engine or for electric driving.

DE 10 2005 039 592 A1 describes a transmission with integrated electric machine and with a hydrodynamic retarder, the electric machine replacing the hydrodynamic converter.

DE 10 2009 001 146 AI describes a secondary retarder with coaxially positioned electrical machine, wherein the retarder and the electric machine can be decoupled in particular jointly by means of a separating clutch.

DE 10 2009 001 147 AI describes a secondary retarder on a high drive of the transmission and in addition an operable as a motor and generator electric machine on the secondary side of the transmission coaxially on a

PTO shaft. Optionally, the retarder can be decoupled by means of a separating clutch. For the electric machine, a second separating clutch may be provided.

DE 10 2004 050 736 AI describes a rail vehicle with two equivalent directions, in which a so-called counter run retarder of two different wheel axles is driven, which provides equally good braking characteristics in both directions. The two paddle wheels of the retarder are driven by an angle gear on the wheel axles.

At the same time a parallel to the bevel gear spur gear is shown, via which the wheel axles can be driven by an electric motor. A drive of the electric motors via a drive shaft for braking the vehicle is not provided, so that the electric machine has no common power input with the hydrodynamic retarder. Thus, although various combinations of an electric machine with a retarder or various ways of integrating an electric machine into a transmission have already been proposed, all remain the same

Drive trains, in particular motor vehicle drive trains, the problem that for the electric machine and the power branch, over which the electric machine is driven, space is required, the for the

Drive train total required space increases.

The present invention is therefore based on the object, a

Specify powertrain with a hydrodynamic retarder and an electric machine, which is optimized in terms of the design of the necessary space.

The object of the invention is achieved by a drive train with the

Characteristics of claim 1 solved. In the dependent claims are

indicated advantageous and particularly expedient embodiments of the invention.

An inventive drive train has a hydrodynamic retarder and an electric machine. The hydrodynamic retarder includes a driven primary wheel having a primary wheel body having a plurality of Primary wheel blades, and a stationary or counter-driven to the primary wheel secondary wheel with a Sekundärradgrundkörper having a plurality of Sekundärradschaufeln. The primary wheel and the secondary wheel stand with their blades in the axial direction, which corresponds to the axis of rotation of at least the primary wheel, in such a way opposite that a toroidal working space is formed in the region of the blades.

To initiate the braking operation, the working space with a

Working medium, such as oil, water or a water mixture, to be filled or permanently filled to a hydrodynamic

Circulation flow of the working medium in the working space Torque

to transfer hydrodynamically from the primary wheel to the secondary wheel and thereby decelerate the primary wheel hydrodynamically. The electric machine of the drive train according to the invention has a driven rotor and a stator, which in electromagnetic

Actively connected to each other to produce in a first state by electric motor drive power from electrical energy and generate regenerative electrical energy from drive power in a second state.

The electric machine is provided in particular in addition to a drive motor of the drive train, which feeds drive power, for example, for driving drive wheels when using the drive train in a motor vehicle in the drive train. The drive motor can, for example, as

Internal combustion engine be executed. In general, the performance of the

Drive motor be larger or considerably larger than the power of the electric machine. Furthermore, in a motor vehicle drive train, the drive motor is usually a transmission in the drive power flow,

For example, be followed by automatic transmission, automated manual or manual transmission, via which the drive motor the Driving wheels drives. The hydrodynamic retarder and the electric machine can then be positioned in particular jointly on the primary side or the secondary side of the transmission, that is to say with reference to the direction of the drive power flow from the drive motor via the transmission in front of the transmission or behind the transmission. In principle, however, it is also possible, regardless of the configuration of a transmission, the electric machine and the hydrodynamic retarder in the main branch of the drive power flow of the drive motor or in a side branch or at a

To position the power take-off of the drive motor.

The primary wheel of the hydrodynamic retarder and the rotor of the electric machine have a common drive shaft as a power input. This common drive shaft can be formed for example by a power take-off of a motor vehicle transmission, in particular on the secondary side, but also on the primary side. Also a PTO shaft of a

Internal combustion engine is also considered, also called PTO (Power Take Off).

According to the invention, the rotor of the electric machine has a rotor axis which corresponds to the axis of rotation of the rotor and which is perpendicular or at an angle to the axial direction of the hydrodynamic retarder, thus to the axis of rotation of the rotor

Primary wheel of the hydrodynamic retarder runs.

For example, the common drive shaft in the direction of the axial direction of the hydrodynamic retarder, thus in the direction of the axis of rotation of the

Primary wheel, in particular aligned with this run. According to one

advantageous alternative embodiment, the common drive shaft extends in the direction of the rotor axis of the electric machine, in particular also aligned with this. An embodiment of the invention provides that the common

Drive shaft or a wave arranged to escape the primary wheel of the hydrodynamic retarder or the rotor of the electric machine carries. Advantageously carries the common drive shaft or the primary wheel or the rotor bearing shaft, a gear which meshes with a pinion, which is in a drive connection with the rotor of the electric machine or the primary wheel of the hydrodynamic retarder, depending on whether the primary wheel or the rotor the shaft is positioned. This drive connection can be for example a purely mechanical drive connection. The drive connection can be permanently present or disconnectable or separable by means of an intended disconnect clutch.

An advantageous embodiment provides that the pinion, which meshes with the gear on the common drive shaft or the primary wheel or the rotor bearing shaft, on a Primärradwelle carrying the primary wheel, or a rotor shaft which carries the rotor is arranged.

For example, the gear and the pinion can each be designed as a bevel gear and together form an angular gear in order to achieve the vertical or angular arrangement of the rotor of the electric machine and the primary wheel of the hydrodynamic retarder.

Furthermore, it is possible for a separating clutch to uncouple the rotor of the electric machine and the primary wheel of the hydrodynamic retarder from a drive power flow in the drive train to be provided on the common drive shaft or on the common drive shaft. Additionally or alternatively, another position for a separating clutch may also be considered, for example in the power flow of the drive power to the hydrodynamic retarder / the electric machine in front of the common drive shaft, in particular in a branch from the main branch to the secondary branch, when the hydrodynamic retarder and the electric machine in such a secondary branch of the power flow, for example in or on one

Vehicle transmissions are positioned.

According to an advantageous embodiment, on the or on the Primärradwelle and / or on or on the rotor shaft, a separating clutch for a

appropriate interruption of the power flow provided.

Overall, a plurality of separating clutches can be provided which can be positioned one behind the other and / or parallel to one another in the direction of the drive power flow.

The invention will be described by way of example with reference to exemplary embodiments.

Show it:

Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a drive train according to the invention, in which the hydrodynamic retarder and the electric machine are positioned in a side branch of the drive train;

Figure 2 shows a possible design of the combination of hydrodynamic

Retarder and electrical machine in the secondary branch according to the figure 1;

FIG. 3 shows a positioning of the device differing from FIG

hydrodynamic retarder and the electric machine of the separating clutch. FIG. 1 shows a drive train with a drive motor 1 and a transmission 2 downstream of the drive motor 1 in the drive power flow. The transmission 2 has a transmission input shaft 3 and a

Transmission output shaft 4 on. At the transmission output shaft 4, an intermediate mechanical connection, here for example in the form of the propeller shaft 5 and the differential 6, is supported by a drive axle 8

Drive wheels 7 indirectly connected. The way the drive power from the engine 1 to the

Rear wheels 7, is referred to herein as main branch 9.

From the main branch 9 branches off at the transmission output shaft 4 from a secondary branch, which has a translation 11 in the fast. In this side branch 10, a combination of hydrodynamic retarder and electric machine is arranged, in this case on a so-called power take-off 12 on the

Secondary side of the transmission 2.

FIG. 2 shows a possible arrangement according to the invention

hydrodynamic retarder 13 and the electric machine 14 on the

Power take-off 12 and the connection of both machines to an input shaft of the power take-off 12 shown schematically. Of the

hydrodynamic retarder has a primary wheel 13.1, which with the

Input shaft of the power take-off 12 rotates and is advantageously positioned coaxially to this. Furthermore, the hydrodynamic retarder 13, a secondary wheel 13.2, which is designed in the present case as a stator and thus does not rotate.

Primary wheel 13.1 and secondary wheel 13.2, as usual, each have a base body with a plurality of blades and are in the axial direction of the hydrodynamic retarder 13 in such a way that in the region of the blades, a toroidal working space is formed, which is filled or filled with a working fluid to brake the primary wheel 13.1 hydrodynamically. The primary wheel 13.1 is arranged on a Primärradwelle 17, which is positioned for example coaxially with the input shaft of the power take-off 12 or is formed by them. In the embodiment shown, the Primärradwelle 17 can be connected via a separating clutch 16 to the input shaft of the power take-off 12 or separable from this.

The Primärradwelle 17 also carries a gear 19 which meshes with a pinion 20 which is provided on a rotor shaft 21 of the electric machine 14. The rotor shaft 21 carries the rotor 14.1 of the electric machine 14, which is associated with the stator 14.2 and is enclosed in the embodiment shown in the radial direction thereof. The gear 19 and the pinion 20 together form an angular gear, which at the same time represents a translation 15 in quick accordance with one embodiment.

The input shaft of the power take-off 12 thus provides a common

Drive shaft for the hydrodynamic retarder 13 and the electric machine 14, as well as the Primärradwelle 17th

Further, an electrical memory 18 is provided, which is connected to the stator 14.2 in a suitable manner to the electric machine 14 in a motor operation for driving the drive train or in a

powered by the drive train to operate regenerative operation.

The separating clutch 16 could also be saved or positioned at a different location, for example on or at the Primärradwelle 17 or on or on the rotor shaft 21. It would also be possible to provide a plurality of separating clutches parallel to each other and / or one behind the other.

In the figure 3 is an example of a separating clutch 16 in the region of the branch of the secondary branch 10 from the main branch 9, shown here on the transmission output shaft 4 to decouple the entire secondary branch 10 either from the main branch 9 or to connect with this. However, in this embodiment too, the separating clutch 16 could be saved or positioned at a different location, in particular that with reference to FIG. 2

positions shown. Furthermore, several disconnect clutches could be provided parallel and / or serially to each other in the power flow here as well,

especially at the named positions.

Notwithstanding the figure 2, the rotor shaft 21 is further positioned coaxially with the input shaft of the power take-off 12 or is formed by this and carries the gear 19. Accordingly, the pinion 20 on the Primärradwelle 17, perpendicular or at an angle to Input shaft of the power take-off 12 is positioned arranged. Thus, the input shaft of the PTO 12 and the rotor shaft 21 is a common drive shaft for the hydrodynamic retarder 13 and the electric machine 14.

Although two preferred embodiments of the invention have been illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3, other shapes are possible. For example, instead of the rectangular arrangement of the Primärradwelle 17 and the rotor shaft 21 to each other a deviating from 90 degrees angular arrangement may be provided.

Claims

claims

1. powertrain with a hydrodynamic retarder (13) and a

electric machine (14), wherein the hydrodynamic retarder (13)

1.1 a driven primary wheel (13.1) comprising a Primärradgrundkörper with a plurality of Primärradschaufeln, and

1.2 a stationary or opposite to the primary wheel (13.1) driven

A secondary wheel (13.2) comprising a Sekundärradgrundkörper having a plurality of Sekundärradschaufeln, and

1.3, the primary wheel (13.1) and the secondary wheel (13.2) with their blades in the axial direction, which corresponds to the axis of rotation of at least the primary wheel (13.1) face, such that a toroidal working space is formed in the region of the blades, which can be filled with a working fluid or is filled by a hydrodynamic

Circulation flow of the working fluid in the working space to transfer torque hydrodynamically from the primary wheel (13.1) to the secondary wheel (13.2); and

1.4, the electric machine (14) has a driven rotor (14.1) and a stator (14.2), which are in operative operative connection with each other to electromotive in a first state

To generate drive power from electrical energy and generate regenerative electrical energy from driving power in a second state, wherein

1.5 the primary wheel (13.1) of the hydrodynamic retarder (13) and the rotor (14.1) of the electric machine (14) have a common drive shaft as power input;

characterized in that

1.6, the rotor (14.1) of the electric machine (14) has a rotor axis which corresponds to the axis of rotation of the rotor (14.1) which runs perpendicular or at an angle to the axial direction of the hydrodynamic retarder (13).

2. Drive train according to claim 1, characterized in that the common drive shaft in the direction of the axial direction of the

hydrodynamic retarder (13) or extends in the direction of the rotor axis.

3. Drive train according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized

in that the common drive shaft is the primary wheel (13.1) of the hydrodynamic retarder (13) or the rotor (14.1) of the

carries electrical machine (14) or is positioned coaxially to this.

4. Drive train according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized

in that the common drive shaft or a shaft coaxial therewith carries a toothed wheel (19) which meshes with a drive connection, in particular in a mechanical drive connection which can be disengaged permanently or by means of a separating clutch (16) with the rotor (14.1 ) of the electric machine (14) or the primary wheel (13.1) of the hydrodynamic retarder (13).

5. Drive train according to claim 4, characterized in that the pinion on a Primärradwelle (17), which carries the primary wheel (13.1), or a rotor shaft (21), which carries the rotor (14.1), is arranged.

6. Drive train according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized

characterized in that the gear (19) and the pinion (20) are each designed as a bevel gear and an angular gear, in particular with a translation (15) in the fast form.

7. Drive train according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized

characterized in that on the common drive shaft or on the common drive shaft, a separating clutch (16) for uncoupling the Rotor (14.1) and the primary wheel (13.1) is provided by a drive power flow in the drive train.

Drive train according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized

in that on or on the primary wheel shaft (17) and / or on or on the rotor shaft (21) a separating clutch (16) for

Interruption of the power flow is provided.

Drive train according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized

in that the drive train has a drive motor (1), a

Drive motor (1) in the drive power flow downstream transmission (2) and the drive motor (1) via the transmission (2), in particular

Automatic transmission, automated manual or manual transmission

Gearbox, driven drive wheels (7), wherein the

Drive power flow from the drive motor (1) to the drive wheels (7) via a main branch (9) of the drive train is, and the drive train further from the main branch (9) branching off branch (10), in which the hydrodynamic retarder (13) and the electrical machine (14) are positioned, wherein in the branch of the secondary branch (10) from the main branch (9) has a separating clutch (16)

is provided.

Drive train according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized

in that the drive train comprises a drive motor (1), a transmission (2) connected downstream of the drive motor (1) in the drive power flow, and the drive motor (1) via the transmission (2), in particular

Automatic transmission, automated manual or manual transmission

Gearbox, driven drive wheels (7), wherein the

Drive power flow from the drive motor (1) to the drive wheels (7) via a main branch (9) of the drive train is guided, and the Drivetrain further comprises a main branch (9) branching off branch (10), in which the hydrodynamic retarder (13) and the electric machine (14) are positioned, wherein in the branch of the secondary branch (10) from the main branch (9) or in the secondary branch (10) in

Direction of the drive power flow in front of the retarder (13) and the electric machine (14) in particular one or more translations in the fast (11, 15) is provided / are.

11. Drive train according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized

in that the drive train is an internal combustion engine as a drive motor (1) for feeding drive power in the

Drive train, in particular for driving drive wheels (7).

Drive train according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized

characterized in that in the drive train, a drive motor (1) and the drive motor (1) in the drive power flow downstream transmission (2) is provided, wherein the transmission (2) is designed in particular as an automatic transmission, automated manual or manual transmission, and in that the common drive shaft, which the

Power input for the primary wheel (13.1) of the hydrodynamic retarder (13) and the rotor (14.1) of the electric machine (14) is positioned in a power take-off of the drive motor (1) or the transmission (2) or connected thereto following in the drive power flow ,