WO2014097924A1 - Manufacturing method for internal combustion engine piston, manufacturing device for internal combustion engine piston, and internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Manufacturing method for internal combustion engine piston, manufacturing device for internal combustion engine piston, and internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014097924A1
WO2014097924A1 PCT/JP2013/083013 JP2013083013W WO2014097924A1 WO 2014097924 A1 WO2014097924 A1 WO 2014097924A1 JP 2013083013 W JP2013083013 W JP 2013083013W WO 2014097924 A1 WO2014097924 A1 WO 2014097924A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
mouth
internal combustion
combustion engine
forming
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PCT/JP2013/083013
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
建興 飯塚
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いすゞ自動車株式会社
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Publication of WO2014097924A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014097924A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D15/00—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor
    • B22D15/02—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor of cylinders, pistons, bearing shells or like thin-walled objects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/28—Other pistons with specially-shaped head
    • F02F3/285—Other pistons with specially-shaped head the head being provided with an insert located in or on the combustion-gas-swept surface

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a piston of an internal combustion engine, in which a molten metal poured into a mold is cooled and solidified to manufacture the piston of the internal combustion engine, an apparatus for manufacturing the piston of the internal combustion engine, and the internal combustion engine.
  • pistons of engines In recent years, in order to satisfy the requirements of exhaust gas regulations, fuel efficiency improvement, and high output, pistons of engines (internal combustion engines) have been improved in strength and heat resistance.
  • the surface of a piston for an internal combustion engine obtained by casting forging of an aluminum-silicon alloy has a particle diameter of 20 to 400 ⁇ m containing a strengthening element that improves the strength of the alloy by diffusion and permeation into the alloy constituting the piston.
  • the injection powder is injected and collided at an injection speed of 80 m / s or higher, or an injection pressure of 0.3 MPa or higher, and the piston surface includes the alloy element and the reinforcing element in the injection powder, and the metal structure is homogeneous.
  • a piston surface modification method for forming a refined modified layer has also been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
  • the diameter of the piston is large, and it becomes more difficult to refine the cast structure. Furthermore, since the piston is continuously cast at the production site, when using a special steel mold having poor thermal conductivity, the temperature of the mold does not drop sharply even if it is cooled.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its purpose is to refine the casting structure of the mouth portion of the piston so as to fill the details of the molten metal in other portions and the entire piston.
  • An internal combustion engine piston manufacturing method, an internal combustion engine piston manufacturing apparatus, and an internal combustion engine that can improve both heat resistance and strength at the piston mouth without deteriorating the solidification property of the internal combustion engine. is there.
  • the piston manufacturing method for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention for solving the above-described object is a method for manufacturing a piston for an internal combustion engine, in which a piston forming portion for forming a portion other than a mouth portion of a combustion chamber of the piston,
  • the molten metal is poured into a mold formed of a lip forming portion that forms the lip portion, part or all of which is formed of a miniaturization promoting member having a higher thermal conductivity than the component member, and the lip formation
  • the molten metal is cooled at a portion faster than the molten metal at the piston forming portion, and the cast structure of the mouth portion is refined.
  • the casting structure of the mouth portion of the combustion chamber of the piston is mainly made by making the cooling speed of the molten metal at the mouth forming portion of the mold faster than the cooling speed of the molten metal at the piston forming portion. It is possible to improve the heat resistance and strength at the mouth portion without reducing the fineness and filling the details of the molten metal in the piston forming portion and the solidification property of the whole piston.
  • the mouth part since the mouth part here is exposed to a high temperature of 350 ° C. or higher when fuel is injected into the combustion chamber and burned, it is necessary to improve the strength and heat resistance of the piston part. It is a portion, which is a portion of the mouth of the combustion chamber that is recessed in the top surface of the piston, that is, the peripheral edge of the opening of the combustion chamber.
  • the shape of the mouth portion and the mouth forming portion is formed in various shapes depending on the shape of the combustion chamber.
  • the miniaturization promoting member has a higher thermal conductivity than that of the component member of the mold. For example, when the component member is carbon steel, copper or a copper alloy is used.
  • a heat insulating member interposed between the piston forming portion and the mouth forming portion of the mold may be provided between the piston forming portion and the mouth forming portion. If heat transfer is suppressed, heat transfer from the piston forming part to the mouth forming part can be inhibited, and the mouth part in contact with the mouth forming part can be reliably cooled and the refinement of the mouth part can be promoted. it can. If this heat insulating member is formed of a ceramic porous body or ceramic fiber, it is good because it has high heat resistance and strength in addition to heat insulating properties.
  • a piston manufacturing apparatus for an internal combustion engine for solving the above-described object includes a piston forming portion that forms a portion other than a mouth portion of a combustion chamber of the piston in the piston manufacturing apparatus for an internal combustion engine, and the piston A mold composed of a mouth forming part for forming the mouth part, part or all of which is formed by a miniaturization promoting member having a higher thermal conductivity than the constituent member of the forming part, and the mouth forming part And a refining means for refining the casting structure of the mouth portion by making the cooling rate of the molten metal faster than the cooling rate of the molten metal at the piston forming portion.
  • the cooling rate of the molten metal at the mouth forming portion is made faster than the piston forming portion, so that the filling property to the details of the molten metal and the solidification property of the entire piston are not deteriorated. Both the heat resistance and strength at the mouth of the lip can be improved.
  • an internal combustion engine of the present invention for solving the above-described object is configured to include a piston cast by the above-described method for manufacturing a piston of an internal combustion engine.
  • the piston can withstand higher combustion temperature and pressure due to the miniaturization of the casting structure of the mouth portion of the combustion chamber of the piston, the exhaust gas regulation of the internal combustion engine, higher output, and Fuel consumption can be improved.
  • it since it can be miniaturized even at the mouth portion of a piston having a large diameter, it is suitable for a large internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine.
  • the filling of the molten metal in other parts to the details and the solidification of the whole piston are not deteriorated, and the piston mouth part is not deteriorated. Both heat resistance and strength can be improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a piston manufacturing apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2 is a view showing a piston cast by the manufacturing apparatus of FIG. 1, wherein (a) is a cross-sectional view showing a part of an internal combustion engine including the piston, and (b) is a perspective view showing the piston. is there.
  • FIG. 3 is a bottom view showing a mold of the manufacturing apparatus of FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the piston manufacturing apparatus of the internal combustion engine according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a bottom view showing a mold of the manufacturing apparatus of FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a piston manufacturing apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • a piston of a diesel engine formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy will be described as an example of a piston of an internal combustion engine.
  • the present invention can also be applied to a gasoline engine, and die casting.
  • the material is not limited as long as it is a piston manufactured by the law.
  • the die casting method is not limited to gravity casting method, die casting method, low pressure casting method, and high pressure casting method (squeeze casting method). Further, this manufacturing method is applicable to both a casting method in which the piston combustion chamber is upward and a casting method in which the piston is downward. Note that the dimensions of the drawings are changed so that the configuration can be easily understood, and the ratios of the thicknesses, widths, lengths, and the like of the respective members and parts do not necessarily match the ratios of actually manufactured parts.
  • a manufacturing apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a mold 11 of the piston 1 shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, and the mold 11 is provided at the mouth of the combustion chamber 5 a of the piston 1 as shown in FIG. 1.
  • Part or all is formed of a piston forming part 12 other than the part 7 and copper or a copper alloy (miniaturization promoting member) having higher thermal conductivity than the carbon steel (constituent member) constituting the piston forming part 12.
  • a mouth forming part 13 that forms the mouth part 7.
  • molten aluminum M1 in the mouth forming part 13 is made faster than the cooling rate of the molten aluminum M1 in the piston forming part 12,
  • a refinement promoting means 14 for refining the cast structure of the mouth portion 7 is provided.
  • the miniaturization promoting means 14 includes a first cooling device 15 that cools the piston forming portion 12 and a second cooling device 16 that rapidly cools the mouth forming portion 13, and the piston forming portion.
  • a control device 17 connected to the first temperature sensor S1 for measuring the temperature of 12 and the second temperature sensor S2 for measuring the temperature of the mouth forming part 13 and controlling the first cooling device 15 and the second cooling device 16; It is prepared for.
  • the piston 1 cast by the mold 11 is a piston formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. As shown in FIG. 2A, the piston 1 slides in a cylinder 3 a of a cylinder block 3 of an engine (internal combustion engine) 2, and a combustion chamber 5 a is recessed in the top surface 4.
  • the combustion chamber 5a includes a combustion chamber 5b surrounded by an injector (fuel injection valve) 6a, an intake valve 6b, an exhaust valve 6c, and the like of the cylinder head 6, and a combustion chamber 5 in which fuel injected from the injector 6a burns. Forming.
  • a mouth portion 7 is provided at the peripheral edge of the opening of the combustion chamber 5 a that is recessed in the top surface 4 of the piston 1.
  • a projection 8 provided in the combustion chamber 5a and a groove 9 provided on the outer periphery of the piston 1 and fitted with the piston ring are provided.
  • the pent roof type combustion chamber 5 will be described as an example, but the present invention can be applied to various shapes such as a hemispherical type, a bathtub type, a comb type, and a multispherical type. Further, in this embodiment, the toroidal type in which the bottom surface and the side surface of the combustion chamber 5a are formed substantially perpendicularly is used. However, in the present invention, the bottom surface and the side surface are not vertical, and the mouth portion 7 is constricted inward. It can also be applied to the reentrant type.
  • the mouth portion 7 here is exposed to a high temperature of 350 ° C. or higher when fuel is injected into the combustion chamber 5 of the piston 1 and combusted, and it is necessary to improve strength and heat resistance even in the portion of the piston 1.
  • This is a part of the opening of the combustion chamber 5a that is recessed in the top surface 4 of the piston 1, that is, the peripheral edge of the opening of the combustion chamber 5a.
  • the mold 11 for casting the piston 1 includes a piston forming portion 12 that forms other than the mouth portion 7 and a mouth forming portion 13 that forms the mouth portion 7 separately.
  • the mold 11 is cast with the combustion chamber 5a facing downward, and has a portion that forms a skirt portion of the piston 1 and the like (not shown).
  • the piston forming portion 12 is made of special steel such as carbon steel and is formed according to the shape of the piston 1. In this embodiment, since the combustion chamber 5a and the groove 9 are formed by cutting or the like after casting, the piston forming portion 12 does not have a portion for forming them, but the combustion chamber 5a and the groove 9 are formed at the time of casting. Also good.
  • the mouth forming part 13 is the part closest to the mouth part 7 in the mold 11 and is made of copper or a copper alloy having a higher thermal conductivity than that of special steel such as carbon steel in accordance with the shape of the mouth part 7. Is formed.
  • the ring-shaped (annular) copper plate is formed from the shape of the mouth portion 7 of the combustion chamber 5a.
  • the present invention is not limited to this shape, and various shapes are formed according to the mouth portion 7. Can be formed.
  • the width of the ring-shaped copper plate it is possible to control the cooling rate of the aluminum alloy in contact with the copper plate and the region (size) where the cooling effect can be exerted, and the casting of the mouth portion 7 is ensured.
  • the organization can be refined.
  • the mouth forming portion 13 that forms the mouth portion 7 of the combustion chamber 5a of the piston 1 is formed of a ring-shaped copper plate, and the cooling speed of the mouth portion 7 of the piston 1 is set to the cooling of the other portions. Make it faster than speed.
  • the crystal grain size of aluminum or aluminum alloy depends on the cooling rate, and the faster the cooling rate, the smaller the particle size. Therefore, by increasing the cooling rate of the mouth part 7, the refinement of the cast structure of the mouth part 7 is promoted, and both the strength and heat resistance of the mouth part 7 can be improved.
  • the engine 2 including the piston 1 can withstand even higher combustion temperatures and pressures due to the refined casting structure of the mouth portion 7 of the combustion chamber 5a of the piston 1, so that exhaust gas regulations, higher output, and improved fuel efficiency, etc. Can contribute.
  • the present invention is suitable for a large engine such as a diesel engine on which the piston 1 having a large diameter easily improves both the strength and heat resistance of the mouth portion 7 of the combustion chamber 5a.
  • the manufacturing apparatus 10 of the piston 1 provided with the mold 11 includes a refinement promoting means 14 in addition to a well-known configuration, and the refinement promoting means 14 includes the piston forming portion 12.
  • the first cooling device 15 for cooling and the second cooling device 16 for rapidly cooling the mouth forming portion 13, the first temperature sensor S 1 for measuring the temperature of the piston forming portion 12, and the temperature of the mouth forming portion 13
  • a control device 17 that controls the first cooling device 15 and the second cooling device 16.
  • the first cooling device 15 cools a part or all of the piston forming portion 12 with the first cooling water W1, and the second cooling device 16 sets the second or part of the mouth forming portion 13 to the second. It cools with the cooling water W2.
  • the first cooling device 15 cools a part or all of the piston forming portion 12 with the first cooling water W1
  • the second cooling device 16 sets the second or part of the mouth forming portion 13 to the second. It cools with the cooling water W2.
  • the control device 17 makes the cooling rate of the molten aluminum M1 at the mouth forming part 13 faster than the cooling rate of the molten aluminum M1 at the piston forming part 12, so that the cast structure of the mouth part 7 is refined. It is a device that controls the first cooling device 15 and the second cooling device 16, for example, a device that controls the pump and valve provided in the first cooling device 15 and the pump and valve provided in the second cooling device 16. is there.
  • control device 17 injects the molten aluminum M1 into the mold 11 and cools the entire mold 11 until it solidifies, so that the piston forming section 12 does not solidify the molten aluminum M1.
  • the second temperature T2 is maintained at the first temperature T1 capable of filling up to 12 details, and the mouth forming portion 13 is lower than the first temperature T1, and the molten aluminum M1 is solidified to refine the cast structure of the mouth portion 7. Therefore, the first cooling device 15 and the second cooling device 16 are controlled so as to maintain the above.
  • the second cooling device 16 is controlled so that the second cooling water W2 always flows, the temperature of the mouth forming portion 13 is maintained at the second temperature T2, and the first cooling device 15 is allowed to solidify the entire piston 1. Until the start, the first cooling water W1 is not passed, and the temperature of the piston forming portion 12 is kept at the first temperature T1.
  • the first temperature T1 is desirably a temperature at which the molten metal can be filled up to the details of the piston forming portion 12.
  • the first temperature T1 is 200 ° C. or higher and 500 ° C. It is set in the range below °C.
  • the piston forming part 12 needs to keep the first temperature T1 at 200 ° C. or higher in order to fill the molten aluminum M1 to the details of the piston forming part 12.
  • the second temperature T2 is lower than the first temperature T1 and is a temperature at which the cast structure of the mouth portion 7 of the piston 1 can be refined.
  • the second cooling device 16 sets the temperature in the range of 0 ° C. to 150 ° C.
  • the refinement promoting means 14 is not limited to the above-described configuration, as long as the cooling rate of the molten aluminum M1 at the mouth forming portion 13 can be made faster than the cooling rate of the molten aluminum M1 at the piston forming portion 12. Since the cast structure of the lip portion 7 can be refined with low control and at low cost, the above configuration of the cooling water is preferable.
  • the manufacturing method of the present invention is characterized by cooling of the mold 11, and otherwise, a detailed description is omitted because a known manufacturing method is used.
  • the control device 17 cools the mouth forming portion 13 by the second cooling device 16, and keeps the mouth forming portion 13 at the second temperature T2.
  • the second cooling water W2 is always passed through the second cooling device 16 and the mouth forming portion 13 is always cooled.
  • At least the piston forming portion 12 is cooled by the first cooling device 15. It is only necessary that the mouth forming part 13 can be cooled by the second cooling device 16 earlier than the timing at which it is performed, and the present invention is not limited to constant water flow.
  • molten aluminum M1 in which the ingot is melted is poured into the mold 11.
  • the mold 11 is filled with molten aluminum by applying pressure from an upper portion (not shown) of the piston forming portion 12 or from a filling piston (not shown).
  • the mouth forming part 13 is cooled to the second temperature T2, but is not rapidly cooled in a large area (the total area of the piston forming part 12), so that the filling of molten aluminum into the details (castability) It does not affect the solidification of the piston 1 itself.
  • the control device 17 controls the first cooling device 15 so that the temperature of the piston forming portion 12 does not become the first temperature T1 or less.
  • control device 17 allows both the first cooling device 15 and the second cooling device 16 to pass through water, cools the entire piston 1, and solidifies the molten aluminum M1.
  • the solidified casting is taken out from the mold 11, and the combustion chamber 5a, the piston ring groove 9 and the like are cut to complete the production of the piston 1.
  • the casting structure of the mouth portion 7 of the piston 1 is rapidly cooled by the second cooling device 16 at the mouth forming portion 13 formed of copper or a copper alloy.
  • the cooling rate of the mouth portion 7 is made faster than the cooling rate other than the mouth portion 7, and the cast structure of the mouth portion 7 is refined.
  • the mouth forming portion 13 that forms the mouth portion 7 of the combustion chamber 5a of the mold 11 is formed of copper or a copper alloy, and the mouth forming portion 13 is cooled individually by simply cooling it.
  • the piston 1 with improved strength and heat resistance of the mouth portion 7 of the chamber 5a can be manufactured, the cost can be reduced, the manufacturing process can be simplified, and the manufacturing can be easily performed.
  • the temperature of the mouth forming portion 13 can be maintained at the second temperature T2 at which the cast structure of the mouth portion 7 can be refined.
  • the manufacturing apparatus 20 includes a mold 21 instead of the mold 11 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and the mold 21 is formed between a piston forming portion 12 and a mouth forming portion 13. Insulating members 22 and 23 for suppressing heat transfer between the portion 12 and the mouth forming portion 13 are configured.
  • the heat insulating member 22 is formed in a ring shape (annular) from a ceramic porous body or ceramic fiber, and is provided at the interface between the piston forming portion 12 and the outside of the mouth forming portion 13.
  • the heat insulating member 23 is formed in a ring shape from a porous material of ceramics or ceramic fiber, and is provided at the interface between the piston forming portion 12 and the inside of the mouth forming portion 13.
  • the heat insulation members 22 and 23 inhibit the heat transfer from the piston formation part 12 to the mouth formation part 13, and raise the cooling effect of the mouth formation part 13, the mouth part 7 of piston 1 reliably. Can be cooled rapidly. Thereby, both the heat resistance and strength in the mouth portion 7 of the piston 1 can be further improved.
  • a mold 31 provided in the manufacturing apparatus 30 is a mold that can be cast with the combustion chamber 5a facing upward, and a combustion chamber in which the combustion chamber 5a and the protrusion 8 of the piston 1 are formed in the piston forming portion 32.
  • Copper or copper metal having a formation part 33 and a mouth formation part 34 that forms the mouth part 7 of the combustion chamber 5a, and having a higher thermal conductivity than the carbon steel that forms the piston formation part 32. Is formed and configured.
  • the lip forming portion 34 has a larger contact surface with the lip portion 7 as compared with the first embodiment, the lip portion 7 can be cooled more efficiently and rapidly. Refinement can be promoted.
  • the combustion chamber formation part 33 which forms the combustion chamber 5a at the time of casting like this 3rd Embodiment is formed in the state which the combustion chamber 5a of 1st Embodiment or 2nd Embodiment faces downward It may be provided in the mold.
  • the first cooling device 15 that cools the piston forming portion 12 or 32 is provided.
  • the first cooling device 15 is a second cooling device that cools the mouth forming portion 13 or 34. Unlike the cooling device 16, this is not always necessary.
  • the method for manufacturing a piston of an internal combustion engine according to the present invention makes it possible to reduce the filling structure of the molten metal in other parts and the solidification of the whole piston by refining the casting structure of the piston mouth. Since both the heat resistance and strength at the mouth of the piston can be improved, it can be used for vehicles such as trucks equipped with a large engine such as a diesel engine having a piston with a large diameter.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Molten aluminum (M1) is poured into a metal mold (11) configured from: a piston-forming section (12) for forming a piston (1) except for the mouth (7) of the combustion chamber (5a); and a mouth-forming section (13), a portion or all of which is formed from copper or a copper alloy having a higher thermal conductivity than the carbon steel configuring the piston-forming section (12) and which is for forming the mouth (7). By making the cooling rate of the molten aluminum (M1) in the mouth-forming section (13) to be faster than the cooling rate for the molten aluminum (M1) in the piston-forming section (12) and refining the cast structure of the mouth (7), it is possible to improve both heat resistance and strength at the piston mouth without worsening fillability of the molten metal into intricate sections in other areas or solidification of the piston as a whole.

Description

内燃機関のピストンの製造方法、内燃機関のピストンの製造装置、及び内燃機関Piston manufacturing method for internal combustion engine, piston manufacturing apparatus for internal combustion engine, and internal combustion engine
　本発明は、内燃機関のピストンを、金型に流し込まれた溶湯金属を冷却して、凝固させて製造する内燃機関のピストンの製造方法、内燃機関のピストンの製造装置、及び内燃機関に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a piston of an internal combustion engine, in which a molten metal poured into a mold is cooled and solidified to manufacture the piston of the internal combustion engine, an apparatus for manufacturing the piston of the internal combustion engine, and the internal combustion engine.
　近年、排ガス規制、燃費向上、及び高出力化といった要求を満たすため、エンジン（内燃機関）のピストンは、高強度化と耐熱性の向上が図られている。 In recent years, in order to satisfy the requirements of exhaust gas regulations, fuel efficiency improvement, and high output, pistons of engines (internal combustion engines) have been improved in strength and heat resistance.
　そこで、Ｔｉ（チタン）、Ｖ（バナジウム）、Ｚｒ（ジルコニア）、Ｆｅ（鉄）、及びＭｎ（マンガン）の添加により、高温強度を高め、ピストンの頂面部に必要な３５０℃付近の高温疲労強度を高めると共に、凝固様式をα－Ａｌ相が指向性凝固する過共晶凝固にすることにより、気孔の発生を防止しているピストンの製造方法が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 Therefore, the addition of Ti (titanium), V (vanadium), Zr (zirconia), Fe (iron), and Mn (manganese) increases the high-temperature strength, and the high-temperature fatigue strength around 350 ° C. required for the top surface of the piston. And a method of manufacturing a piston that prevents the formation of pores by changing the solidification mode to hypereutectic solidification in which the α-Al phase is directionally solidified (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .
　また、アルミニウム－珪素合金の鋳鍛造により得た内燃機関用ピストンの表面に、前記ピストンを構成する合金中に拡散浸透することにより該合金の強度を向上させる強化元素を含む粒径２０～４００μmの噴射粉体を、噴射速度８０ｍ／ｓ以上、又は噴射圧力０．３ＭＰａ以上で噴射して衝突させ、ピストン表面に、前記合金元素と前記噴射粉体中の強化元素を含む、金属組織が均質、微細化された改質層を形成するピストンの表面改質方法も提案されている（例えば、特許文献２参照）。 Further, the surface of a piston for an internal combustion engine obtained by casting forging of an aluminum-silicon alloy has a particle diameter of 20 to 400 μm containing a strengthening element that improves the strength of the alloy by diffusion and permeation into the alloy constituting the piston. The injection powder is injected and collided at an injection speed of 80 m / s or higher, or an injection pressure of 0.3 MPa or higher, and the piston surface includes the alloy element and the reinforcing element in the injection powder, and the metal structure is homogeneous. A piston surface modification method for forming a refined modified layer has also been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
　さらに、レーザー照射で燃焼室の口元部をリメルトして組織の微細化により強度を向上させる方法も提案されている。しかしながら、それらの方法は、どれも製造コストが高い、あるいは製造工程が複雑化するという問題がある。また、レーザー照射を用いた方法は、リメルト後の再凝固時に新たな巣が発生する可能性が生じるので、強度を安定的に向上させることが難しいという問題もある。 Furthermore, a method of improving the strength by remelting the mouth of the combustion chamber by laser irradiation and refining the structure has been proposed. However, any of these methods has a problem that the manufacturing cost is high or the manufacturing process is complicated. Further, the method using laser irradiation has a problem that it is difficult to stably improve the strength because a new nest may be generated during re-solidification after remelting.
　そこで、製造コストをより安くするために、鋳造後、金型を冷やすタイミングを早くしたり、又は冷却水の流量を多くしたりして、冷却性能を向上させる方法も提案されている。しかし、金型に炭素鋼などの特殊鋼で形成された金型を使用するため、その金型は熱伝導率が悪く、冷却水で冷却しても、その冷却効率が良くなかった。よって、いずれの方法も鋳造組織の更なる微細化は難しい。 Therefore, in order to further reduce the manufacturing cost, a method of improving the cooling performance by accelerating the cooling timing of the mold after casting or increasing the flow rate of the cooling water has been proposed. However, since a mold made of special steel such as carbon steel is used for the mold, the mold has poor thermal conductivity, and even when cooled with cooling water, the cooling efficiency is not good. Therefore, in any method, it is difficult to further refine the cast structure.
　一方、溶湯金属の細部までの充填性を確保するため、金型の温度を２００℃以上に保つ必要があり、金型そのものに熱がこもることになる。よって、溶湯金属の細部までの充填性を確保すると鋳造組織の微細化はより難しくなる。 On the other hand, it is necessary to keep the temperature of the mold at 200 ° C. or higher in order to ensure the filling property to the details of the molten metal, and heat is trapped in the mold itself. Therefore, if the filling property to the details of the molten metal is ensured, it is more difficult to refine the cast structure.
　また、ディーゼルエンジンのような大型エンジンでは、ピストンの直径が大きく、鋳造組織の微細化が更に難しくなる。さらに、生産現場では、連続にピストンを鋳造するため、熱伝導率の悪い特殊鋼の金型を使用する場合に、冷却しても金型の温度は中々下がらない。 Also, in a large engine such as a diesel engine, the diameter of the piston is large, and it becomes more difficult to refine the cast structure. Furthermore, since the piston is continuously cast at the production site, when using a special steel mold having poor thermal conductivity, the temperature of the mold does not drop sharply even if it is cooled.
特開２００２－２４９８４０号公報JP 2002-249840 A 特開２００８－０５１０９１号公報JP 2008-051091 A
　本発明は、上記の問題を鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、ピストンの口元部の鋳造組織を微細化することにより、その他の部分の溶湯金属の細部への充填性や、ピストン全体の凝固性を悪化させずに、ピストンの口元部における耐熱性と強度の両方を向上させることができる内燃機関のピストンの製造方法、内燃機関のピストンの製造装置、及び内燃機関を提供することである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its purpose is to refine the casting structure of the mouth portion of the piston so as to fill the details of the molten metal in other portions and the entire piston. An internal combustion engine piston manufacturing method, an internal combustion engine piston manufacturing apparatus, and an internal combustion engine that can improve both heat resistance and strength at the piston mouth without deteriorating the solidification property of the internal combustion engine. is there.
　上記の目的を解決するための本発明の内燃機関のピストンの製造方法は、内燃機関のピストンの製造方法において、ピストンの燃焼室の口元部以外を形成するピストン形成部と、該ピストン形成部の構成部材よりも高い熱伝導率を有する微細化促進部材で一部又は全部が形成された、前記口元部を形成する口元形成部とから構成される金型に、溶湯金属を流し込み、前記口元形成部での前記溶湯金属の冷却速度を、前記ピストン形成部での前記溶湯金属の冷却速度よりも速くして、前記口元部の鋳造組織を微細化することを特徴とする方法である。 The piston manufacturing method for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention for solving the above-described object is a method for manufacturing a piston for an internal combustion engine, in which a piston forming portion for forming a portion other than a mouth portion of a combustion chamber of the piston, The molten metal is poured into a mold formed of a lip forming portion that forms the lip portion, part or all of which is formed of a miniaturization promoting member having a higher thermal conductivity than the component member, and the lip formation In this method, the molten metal is cooled at a portion faster than the molten metal at the piston forming portion, and the cast structure of the mouth portion is refined.
　この方法によれば、金型の口元形成部での溶湯金属の冷却速度をピストン形成部での溶湯金属の冷却速度よりも速くすることで、主にピストンの燃焼室の口元部の鋳造組織を微細化し、ピストン形成部の溶湯金属の細部への充填性や、ピストン全体の凝固性を悪化させずに、口元部における耐熱性と強度の両方を向上させることができる。 According to this method, the casting structure of the mouth portion of the combustion chamber of the piston is mainly made by making the cooling speed of the molten metal at the mouth forming portion of the mold faster than the cooling speed of the molten metal at the piston forming portion. It is possible to improve the heat resistance and strength at the mouth portion without reducing the fineness and filling the details of the molten metal in the piston forming portion and the solidification property of the whole piston.
　なお、ここでいう口元部とは、燃焼室に燃料が噴射されて、燃焼したときに、３５０℃以上の高温に曝されるため、ピストンの部位の中でも強度や耐熱性を向上する必要がある部分であり、ピストンの頂面に凹設された燃焼室の口元の部分、つまり燃焼室の開口の周縁部のことである。この口元部と口元形成部の形状は燃焼室の形状により様々な形状に形成される。また、微細化促進部材とは、金型の構成部材よりも高い熱伝導率を有するものであり、例えば、構成部材が炭素鋼の場合には、銅又は銅合金などを用いる。 In addition, since the mouth part here is exposed to a high temperature of 350 ° C. or higher when fuel is injected into the combustion chamber and burned, it is necessary to improve the strength and heat resistance of the piston part. It is a portion, which is a portion of the mouth of the combustion chamber that is recessed in the top surface of the piston, that is, the peripheral edge of the opening of the combustion chamber. The shape of the mouth portion and the mouth forming portion is formed in various shapes depending on the shape of the combustion chamber. The miniaturization promoting member has a higher thermal conductivity than that of the component member of the mold. For example, when the component member is carbon steel, copper or a copper alloy is used.
　また、上記の内燃機関のピストンの製造方法において、前記金型の前記ピストン形成部と前記口元形成部との間に介設した断熱部材により、前記ピストン形成部と前記口元形成部との間の伝熱を抑制すると、ピストン形成部から口元形成部への伝熱を阻害することができ、確実に口元形成部に接触している口元部を冷却し、口元部の微細化を促進することができる。この断熱部材は、セラミックスの多孔質体、またはセラミックス繊維で形成すると、断熱性に加えて、耐熱性と強度も高いためよい。 Further, in the above-described method for manufacturing a piston of an internal combustion engine, a heat insulating member interposed between the piston forming portion and the mouth forming portion of the mold may be provided between the piston forming portion and the mouth forming portion. If heat transfer is suppressed, heat transfer from the piston forming part to the mouth forming part can be inhibited, and the mouth part in contact with the mouth forming part can be reliably cooled and the refinement of the mouth part can be promoted. it can. If this heat insulating member is formed of a ceramic porous body or ceramic fiber, it is good because it has high heat resistance and strength in addition to heat insulating properties.
　加えて、上記の目的を解決するための本発明の内燃機関のピストンの製造装置は、内燃機関のピストンの製造装置において、ピストンの燃焼室の口元部以外を形成するピストン形成部と、該ピストン形成部の構成部材よりも高い熱伝導率を有する微細化促進部材で一部又は全部が形成された、前記口元部を形成する口元形成部とから構成される金型と、前記口元形成部での溶湯金属の冷却速度を、前記ピストン形成部での前記溶湯金属の冷却速度よりも速くして、前記口元部の鋳造組織を微細化する微細化手段と、を備えて構成される。 In addition, a piston manufacturing apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention for solving the above-described object includes a piston forming portion that forms a portion other than a mouth portion of a combustion chamber of the piston in the piston manufacturing apparatus for an internal combustion engine, and the piston A mold composed of a mouth forming part for forming the mouth part, part or all of which is formed by a miniaturization promoting member having a higher thermal conductivity than the constituent member of the forming part, and the mouth forming part And a refining means for refining the casting structure of the mouth portion by making the cooling rate of the molten metal faster than the cooling rate of the molten metal at the piston forming portion.
　この製造装置によれば、口元形成部での溶湯金属の冷却速度をピストン形成部よりも速くすることで、溶湯金属の細部への充填性や、ピストン全体の凝固性を悪化させずに、ピストンの口元部における耐熱性と強度の両方を向上させることができる。 According to this manufacturing apparatus, the cooling rate of the molten metal at the mouth forming portion is made faster than the piston forming portion, so that the filling property to the details of the molten metal and the solidification property of the entire piston are not deteriorated. Both the heat resistance and strength at the mouth of the lip can be improved.
　さらに、上記の内燃機関のピストンの製造装置において、前記金型の前記ピストン形成部と前記口元形成部との間に、前記ピストン形成部と前記口元形成部との間の伝熱を抑制する断熱部材を介設すると、確実に口元部を他よりも急速に冷却することができるため好ましい。 Further, in the above-described piston manufacturing apparatus for an internal combustion engine, heat insulation that suppresses heat transfer between the piston forming portion and the mouth forming portion between the piston forming portion and the mouth forming portion of the mold. It is preferable to interpose a member because the mouth portion can be surely cooled more rapidly than others.
　その上、上記の目的を解決するための本発明の内燃機関は、上記に記載の内燃機関のピストンの製造方法で鋳造されたピストンを備えて構成される。この構成によれば、ピストンの燃焼室の口元部の鋳造組織が微細化されたことにより、ピストンがより高い燃焼温度と圧力に耐えることができるので、内燃機関の排ガス規制、高出力化、及び燃費向上を図ることができる。特に、直径が大きいピストンの口元部でも微細化することができるので、ディーゼルエンジンなどの大型内燃機関に好適である。 In addition, an internal combustion engine of the present invention for solving the above-described object is configured to include a piston cast by the above-described method for manufacturing a piston of an internal combustion engine. According to this configuration, since the piston can withstand higher combustion temperature and pressure due to the miniaturization of the casting structure of the mouth portion of the combustion chamber of the piston, the exhaust gas regulation of the internal combustion engine, higher output, and Fuel consumption can be improved. In particular, since it can be miniaturized even at the mouth portion of a piston having a large diameter, it is suitable for a large internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine.
　本発明によれば、ピストンの口元部の鋳造組織を微細化することにより、その他の部分の溶湯金属の細部への充填性や、ピストン全体の凝固性を悪化させずに、ピストンの口元部における耐熱性と強度の両方を向上させることができる。 According to the present invention, by miniaturizing the casting structure of the piston mouth part, the filling of the molten metal in other parts to the details and the solidification of the whole piston are not deteriorated, and the piston mouth part is not deteriorated. Both heat resistance and strength can be improved.
図１は、本発明に係る第１の実施の形態の内燃機関のピストンの製造装置の構成を示す断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a piston manufacturing apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 図２は、図１の製造装置により鋳造されたピストンを示す図であり、（ａ）はそのピストンを備える内燃機関の一部を示す断面図であり、（ｂ）はピストンを示す斜視図である。2 is a view showing a piston cast by the manufacturing apparatus of FIG. 1, wherein (a) is a cross-sectional view showing a part of an internal combustion engine including the piston, and (b) is a perspective view showing the piston. is there. 図３は、図１の製造装置の金型を示す底面図である。FIG. 3 is a bottom view showing a mold of the manufacturing apparatus of FIG. 図４は、本発明に係る第２の実施の形態の内燃機関のピストンの製造装置の構成を示す断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the piston manufacturing apparatus of the internal combustion engine according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 図５は、図４の製造装置の金型を示す底面図である。FIG. 5 is a bottom view showing a mold of the manufacturing apparatus of FIG. 図６は、本発明に係る第３の実施の形態の内燃機関のピストンの製造装置の構成を示す断面図である。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a piston manufacturing apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
　以下、本発明に係る実施の形態の内燃機関のピストンの製造方法、内燃機関のピストンの製造装置、及び内燃機関について、図面を参照しながら説明する。 Hereinafter, a piston manufacturing method, an internal combustion engine piston manufacturing apparatus, and an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
　以下の実施の形態では、内燃機関のピストンとして、アルミニウム、又はアルミニウム合金で形成されたディーゼルエンジンのピストンを例に説明するが、本発明は、ガソリンエンジンにも適用することができ、金型鋳造法により製造されるピストンであれば、その材質は限定しない。 In the following embodiments, a piston of a diesel engine formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy will be described as an example of a piston of an internal combustion engine. However, the present invention can also be applied to a gasoline engine, and die casting. The material is not limited as long as it is a piston manufactured by the law.
　加えて、その金型鋳造法に関しては、重力鋳造法、ダイカスト法、低圧鋳造法、及び高圧鋳造法（スクイズキャスト法）などは限定しない。さらに、この製造方法は、ピストンの燃焼室が上向きの鋳造方法と下向きの鋳造方法の両方に適用可能である。なお、図面に関しては、構成が分かり易いように寸法を変化させており、各部材、各部品の板厚や幅や長さなどの比率も必ずしも実際に製造するものの比率とは一致させていない。 In addition, the die casting method is not limited to gravity casting method, die casting method, low pressure casting method, and high pressure casting method (squeeze casting method). Further, this manufacturing method is applicable to both a casting method in which the piston combustion chamber is upward and a casting method in which the piston is downward. Note that the dimensions of the drawings are changed so that the configuration can be easily understood, and the ratios of the thicknesses, widths, lengths, and the like of the respective members and parts do not necessarily match the ratios of actually manufactured parts.
　まず、本発明に係る第１の実施の形態の内燃機関のピストンの製造装置について、図１～図３を参照しながら説明する。図１に示す製造装置１０は、図２の（ａ）及び（ｂ）に示すピストン１の金型１１を備え、図１に示すように、金型１１が、ピストン１の燃焼室５ａの口元部７以外を形成するピストン形成部１２と、ピストン形成部１２を構成する炭素鋼（構成部材）よりも高い熱伝導率を有する銅又は銅合金（微細化促進部材）で一部又は全部が形成され、口元部７を形成する口元形成部１３とを備えて構成される。 First, a piston manufacturing apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. A manufacturing apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a mold 11 of the piston 1 shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, and the mold 11 is provided at the mouth of the combustion chamber 5 a of the piston 1 as shown in FIG. 1. Part or all is formed of a piston forming part 12 other than the part 7 and copper or a copper alloy (miniaturization promoting member) having higher thermal conductivity than the carbon steel (constituent member) constituting the piston forming part 12. And a mouth forming part 13 that forms the mouth part 7.
　また、口元形成部１３での溶湯アルミニウム又は溶湯アルミニウム合金（以下、溶湯アルミニウムに統一して記載する）Ｍ１の冷却速度を、ピストン形成部１２での溶湯アルミニウムＭ１の冷却速度よりも速くして、口元部７の鋳造組織を微細化する微細化促進手段１４を備えて構成される。 In addition, the cooling rate of the molten aluminum or molten aluminum alloy (hereinafter collectively referred to as molten aluminum) M1 in the mouth forming part 13 is made faster than the cooling rate of the molten aluminum M1 in the piston forming part 12, A refinement promoting means 14 for refining the cast structure of the mouth portion 7 is provided.
　この実施の形態では、この微細化促進手段１４として、ピストン形成部１２を冷却する第１冷却装置１５と、口元形成部１３を急速に冷却する第２冷却装置１６とを備えると共に、ピストン形成部１２の温度を測定する第１温度センサＳ１と、口元形成部１３の温度を測定する第２温度センサＳ２とに接続され、第１冷却装置１５と第２冷却装置１６を制御する制御装置１７を備えて構成される。 In this embodiment, the miniaturization promoting means 14 includes a first cooling device 15 that cools the piston forming portion 12 and a second cooling device 16 that rapidly cools the mouth forming portion 13, and the piston forming portion. A control device 17 connected to the first temperature sensor S1 for measuring the temperature of 12 and the second temperature sensor S2 for measuring the temperature of the mouth forming part 13 and controlling the first cooling device 15 and the second cooling device 16; It is prepared for.
　上記の金型１１で鋳造されるピストン１は、アルミニウム、又はアルミニウム合金で形成されるピストンである。このピストン１は、図２の（ａ）に示すように、エンジン（内燃機関）２のシリンダブロック３のシリンダ３ａ内を摺動し、その頂面４に燃焼室５ａが凹設されている。その燃焼室５ａは、シリンダヘッド６のインジェクタ（燃料噴射弁）６ａ、吸気バルブ６ｂ、及び排気バルブ６ｃなどで囲まれた燃焼室５ｂと共に、インジェクタ６ａから噴射される燃料が燃焼する燃焼室５を形成している。そのピストン１の頂面４に凹設された燃焼室５ａの開口の周縁部に口元部７を備える。また、図２の（ｂ）に示すように、燃焼室５ａに設けられた突起部８と、ピストン１の外周に設けられ、ピストンリングを嵌合する溝９とを備える。 The piston 1 cast by the mold 11 is a piston formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. As shown in FIG. 2A, the piston 1 slides in a cylinder 3 a of a cylinder block 3 of an engine (internal combustion engine) 2, and a combustion chamber 5 a is recessed in the top surface 4. The combustion chamber 5a includes a combustion chamber 5b surrounded by an injector (fuel injection valve) 6a, an intake valve 6b, an exhaust valve 6c, and the like of the cylinder head 6, and a combustion chamber 5 in which fuel injected from the injector 6a burns. Forming. A mouth portion 7 is provided at the peripheral edge of the opening of the combustion chamber 5 a that is recessed in the top surface 4 of the piston 1. Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), a projection 8 provided in the combustion chamber 5a and a groove 9 provided on the outer periphery of the piston 1 and fitted with the piston ring are provided.
　この実施の形態では、ペントルーフ型の燃焼室５を例に説明するが、本発明は、半球型、バスタブ型、櫛型、及び多球型などの様々な形状にも適用することができる。また、この実施の形態では、燃焼室５ａの底面と側面とが略垂直に形成されたトロイダル型を用いたが、本発明は、底面と側面とが垂直ではなく、口元部７が内側に窄められたリエントラント型にも適用することができる。 In this embodiment, the pent roof type combustion chamber 5 will be described as an example, but the present invention can be applied to various shapes such as a hemispherical type, a bathtub type, a comb type, and a multispherical type. Further, in this embodiment, the toroidal type in which the bottom surface and the side surface of the combustion chamber 5a are formed substantially perpendicularly is used. However, in the present invention, the bottom surface and the side surface are not vertical, and the mouth portion 7 is constricted inward. It can also be applied to the reentrant type.
　ここでいう口元部７とは、ピストン１の燃焼室５に燃料が噴射されて、燃焼したときに、３５０℃以上の高温に曝され、ピストン１の部位の中でも強度や耐熱性を向上する必要がある部分であり、ピストン１の頂面４に凹設された燃焼室５ａの口元の部分、つまり燃焼室５ａの開口の周縁部のことである。 The mouth portion 7 here is exposed to a high temperature of 350 ° C. or higher when fuel is injected into the combustion chamber 5 of the piston 1 and combusted, and it is necessary to improve strength and heat resistance even in the portion of the piston 1. This is a part of the opening of the combustion chamber 5a that is recessed in the top surface 4 of the piston 1, that is, the peripheral edge of the opening of the combustion chamber 5a.
　上記のピストン１を鋳造する金型１１は、図１に示すように、その口元部７以外を形成するピストン形成部１２と、口元部７を形成する口元形成部１３とを別々に備える。この金型１１は、燃焼室５ａが下向きの状態で鋳造するものであり、図示しないが、ピストン１のスカート部などを形成する部位なども有する。 As shown in FIG. 1, the mold 11 for casting the piston 1 includes a piston forming portion 12 that forms other than the mouth portion 7 and a mouth forming portion 13 that forms the mouth portion 7 separately. The mold 11 is cast with the combustion chamber 5a facing downward, and has a portion that forms a skirt portion of the piston 1 and the like (not shown).
　ピストン形成部１２は、炭素鋼などの特殊鋼で、ピストン１の形状に合わせて形成される。この実施の形態では、燃焼室５ａや溝９は鋳造後に切削などにより形成されるため、ピストン形成部１２はそれらを形成する部位を備えないが、燃焼室５ａや溝９を鋳造時に形成してもよい。 The piston forming portion 12 is made of special steel such as carbon steel and is formed according to the shape of the piston 1. In this embodiment, since the combustion chamber 5a and the groove 9 are formed by cutting or the like after casting, the piston forming portion 12 does not have a portion for forming them, but the combustion chamber 5a and the groove 9 are formed at the time of casting. Also good.
　口元形成部１３は、金型１１で口元部７に最も接近している部分であり、炭素鋼などの特殊鋼よりも高い熱伝導率を有する銅又は銅合金で口元部７の形状に合わせて形成されている。この実施の形態では、燃焼室５ａの口元部７の形状からリング状（環状）の銅板に形成されているが、本発明はこの形状に限定せず、口元部７に合せて様々な形状に形成することができる。 The mouth forming part 13 is the part closest to the mouth part 7 in the mold 11 and is made of copper or a copper alloy having a higher thermal conductivity than that of special steel such as carbon steel in accordance with the shape of the mouth part 7. Is formed. In this embodiment, the ring-shaped (annular) copper plate is formed from the shape of the mouth portion 7 of the combustion chamber 5a. However, the present invention is not limited to this shape, and various shapes are formed according to the mouth portion 7. Can be formed.
　また、リング状の銅板の幅を制御することにより、銅板に接触しているアルミ合金の冷却速度及び冷却効果を発揮できる領域（大きさ）を制御することができ、確実に口元部７の鋳造組織の微細化を図ることができる。 In addition, by controlling the width of the ring-shaped copper plate, it is possible to control the cooling rate of the aluminum alloy in contact with the copper plate and the region (size) where the cooling effect can be exerted, and the casting of the mouth portion 7 is ensured. The organization can be refined.
　なお、ピストン形成部１２を形成する部材と口元形成部１３を形成する部材については、上記の構成に限定しないが、金属の中でも熱伝導率が高いため、口元形成部１３を形成する部材として銅又は銅合金を用いることが好ましい。 In addition, about the member which forms the piston formation part 12, and the member which forms the mouth formation part 13, although not limited to said structure, since heat conductivity is high also in a metal, copper is used as a member which forms the mouth formation part 13 as a member. Alternatively, it is preferable to use a copper alloy.
　この構成によれば、ピストン１の燃焼室５ａの口元部７を形成する口元形成部１３が、リング状の銅板で構成し、ピストン１の口元部７の冷却速度を、それ以外の部分の冷却速度よりも速くする。アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金の結晶粒の大きさは冷却速度に依存し、冷却速度が速いほどその粒径は小さくなる。よって、口元部７の冷却速度を速くすることで、口元部７の鋳造組織の微細化が促進され、口元部７の強度と耐熱性の両方を向上することができる。 According to this configuration, the mouth forming portion 13 that forms the mouth portion 7 of the combustion chamber 5a of the piston 1 is formed of a ring-shaped copper plate, and the cooling speed of the mouth portion 7 of the piston 1 is set to the cooling of the other portions. Make it faster than speed. The crystal grain size of aluminum or aluminum alloy depends on the cooling rate, and the faster the cooling rate, the smaller the particle size. Therefore, by increasing the cooling rate of the mouth part 7, the refinement of the cast structure of the mouth part 7 is promoted, and both the strength and heat resistance of the mouth part 7 can be improved.
　上記のピストン１を備えるエンジン２は、ピストン１の燃焼室５ａの口元部７の鋳造組織が微細化により、より高い燃焼温度と圧力でも耐えられるので、排ガス規制、高出力化、及び燃費向上などに貢献できる。特に、本発明は、直径が大きいピストン１でも容易に燃焼室５ａの口元部７の強度と耐熱性の両方を向上するので、それを搭載するディーゼルエンジンなどの大型エンジンに好適である。 The engine 2 including the piston 1 can withstand even higher combustion temperatures and pressures due to the refined casting structure of the mouth portion 7 of the combustion chamber 5a of the piston 1, so that exhaust gas regulations, higher output, and improved fuel efficiency, etc. Can contribute. In particular, the present invention is suitable for a large engine such as a diesel engine on which the piston 1 having a large diameter easily improves both the strength and heat resistance of the mouth portion 7 of the combustion chamber 5a.
　図１に示すように、金型１１を備えるピストン１の製造装置１０は、周知の技術の構成に加えて、微細化促進手段１４を備え、その微細化促進手段１４が、ピストン形成部１２を冷却する第１冷却装置１５と、口元形成部１３を急速に冷却する第２冷却装置１６とを備えると共に、ピストン形成部１２の温度を測定する第１温度センサＳ１と、口元形成部１３の温度を測定する第２温度センサＳ２とに接続され、第１冷却装置１５と第２冷却装置１６を制御する制御装置１７を備える。 As shown in FIG. 1, the manufacturing apparatus 10 of the piston 1 provided with the mold 11 includes a refinement promoting means 14 in addition to a well-known configuration, and the refinement promoting means 14 includes the piston forming portion 12. The first cooling device 15 for cooling and the second cooling device 16 for rapidly cooling the mouth forming portion 13, the first temperature sensor S 1 for measuring the temperature of the piston forming portion 12, and the temperature of the mouth forming portion 13 And a control device 17 that controls the first cooling device 15 and the second cooling device 16.
　第１冷却装置１５は、ピストン形成部１２の一部、又は全部を第１冷却水Ｗ１で冷却するものであり、第２冷却装置１６は、口元形成部１３の一部、又は全部を第２冷却水Ｗ２で冷却するものである。これらは、ピストン形成部１２、又は口元形成部１３を別々に冷却することができればよく、その構成は限定しない。 The first cooling device 15 cools a part or all of the piston forming portion 12 with the first cooling water W1, and the second cooling device 16 sets the second or part of the mouth forming portion 13 to the second. It cools with the cooling water W2. These are not limited as long as the piston forming part 12 or the mouth forming part 13 can be cooled separately.
　制御装置１７は、口元形成部１３での溶湯アルミニウムＭ１の冷却速度を、ピストン形成部１２での溶湯アルミニウムＭ１の冷却速度よりも速くして、口元部７の鋳造組織を微細化するように、第１冷却装置１５と第２冷却装置１６とを制御する装置であり、例えば、第１冷却装置１５に設けたポンプやバルブ、及び第２冷却装置１６に設けたポンプやバルブを制御する装置である。 The control device 17 makes the cooling rate of the molten aluminum M1 at the mouth forming part 13 faster than the cooling rate of the molten aluminum M1 at the piston forming part 12, so that the cast structure of the mouth part 7 is refined. It is a device that controls the first cooling device 15 and the second cooling device 16, for example, a device that controls the pump and valve provided in the first cooling device 15 and the pump and valve provided in the second cooling device 16. is there.
　また、制御装置１７は、金型１１に溶湯アルミニウムＭ１を注入し、金型１１の全体を冷却して凝固するまでの間、ピストン形成部１２を、溶湯アルミニウムＭ１が凝固せずにピストン形成部１２の細部まで充填可能な第１温度Ｔ１に保つと共に、口元形成部１３を第１温度Ｔ１よりも低く、溶湯アルミニウムＭ１が凝固して口元部７の鋳造組織を微細化可能な第２温度Ｔ２に保つように、第１冷却装置１５と第２冷却装置１６とを制御している。 Further, the control device 17 injects the molten aluminum M1 into the mold 11 and cools the entire mold 11 until it solidifies, so that the piston forming section 12 does not solidify the molten aluminum M1. The second temperature T2 is maintained at the first temperature T1 capable of filling up to 12 details, and the mouth forming portion 13 is lower than the first temperature T1, and the molten aluminum M1 is solidified to refine the cast structure of the mouth portion 7. Therefore, the first cooling device 15 and the second cooling device 16 are controlled so as to maintain the above.
　例えば、第２冷却装置１６を第２冷却水Ｗ２が常時通水するように制御して、口元形成部１３の温度を第２温度Ｔ２に保ち、第１冷却装置１５をピストン１全体の凝固を開始するまでは、第１冷却水Ｗ１を通水せず、ピストン形成部１２の温度を第１温度Ｔ１に保つ。 For example, the second cooling device 16 is controlled so that the second cooling water W2 always flows, the temperature of the mouth forming portion 13 is maintained at the second temperature T2, and the first cooling device 15 is allowed to solidify the entire piston 1. Until the start, the first cooling water W1 is not passed, and the temperature of the piston forming portion 12 is kept at the first temperature T1.
　この第１温度Ｔ１は、溶湯金属をピストン形成部１２の細部まで充填可能な温度であることが望ましく、例えば、この実施の形態のように溶湯アルミニウムＭ１を用いた場合は、２００℃以上、５００℃以下の範囲に設定される。ピストン形成部１２は、特に、溶湯アルミニウムＭ１をピストン形成部１２の細部まで充填するためには、第１温度Ｔ１を２００℃以上に保つ必要がある。 The first temperature T1 is desirably a temperature at which the molten metal can be filled up to the details of the piston forming portion 12. For example, when the molten aluminum M1 is used as in this embodiment, the first temperature T1 is 200 ° C. or higher and 500 ° C. It is set in the range below ℃. In particular, the piston forming part 12 needs to keep the first temperature T1 at 200 ° C. or higher in order to fill the molten aluminum M1 to the details of the piston forming part 12.
　また、第２温度Ｔ２は、第１温度Ｔ１よりも低く、ピストン１の口元部７の鋳造組織を微細化可能な温度であり、例えば、この実施の形態のように溶湯アルミニウムを用いた場合は、第２冷却装置１６によって、０℃以上、１５０以下の範囲に設定される。 The second temperature T2 is lower than the first temperature T1 and is a temperature at which the cast structure of the mouth portion 7 of the piston 1 can be refined. For example, when molten aluminum is used as in this embodiment, The second cooling device 16 sets the temperature in the range of 0 ° C. to 150 ° C.
　なお、微細化促進手段１４は、口元形成部１３での溶湯アルミニウムＭ１の冷却速度を、ピストン形成部１２での溶湯アルミニウムＭ１の冷却速度よりも速くできればよく、上記の構成に限定しないが、容易な制御で、且つ低コストで口元部７の鋳造組織を微細化することができるので、冷却水上記の構成が好ましい。 The refinement promoting means 14 is not limited to the above-described configuration, as long as the cooling rate of the molten aluminum M1 at the mouth forming portion 13 can be made faster than the cooling rate of the molten aluminum M1 at the piston forming portion 12. Since the cast structure of the lip portion 7 can be refined with low control and at low cost, the above configuration of the cooling water is preferable.
　次に、ピストン１の製造方法について、説明する。なお、本発明の製造方法は、金型１１の冷却に特徴があり、それ以外は、周知の技術の製造方法を用いるため詳細な説明は省略する。 Next, a method for manufacturing the piston 1 will be described. Note that the manufacturing method of the present invention is characterized by cooling of the mold 11, and otherwise, a detailed description is omitted because a known manufacturing method is used.
　予め、制御装置１７が第２冷却装置１６により口元形成部１３を冷却し、口元形成部１３を第２温度Ｔ２に保つ。この実施の形態では、第２冷却装置１６に第２冷却水Ｗ２を常時通水し、口元形成部１３を常に冷却する方法を用いたが、少なくともピストン形成部１２が第１冷却装置１５により冷却されるタイミングより早く、口元形成部１３を第２冷却装置１６で冷却することができればよく、本発明は、常時通水に限定しない。 In advance, the control device 17 cools the mouth forming portion 13 by the second cooling device 16, and keeps the mouth forming portion 13 at the second temperature T2. In this embodiment, the second cooling water W2 is always passed through the second cooling device 16 and the mouth forming portion 13 is always cooled. At least the piston forming portion 12 is cooled by the first cooling device 15. It is only necessary that the mouth forming part 13 can be cooled by the second cooling device 16 earlier than the timing at which it is performed, and the present invention is not limited to constant water flow.
　次に、鋳塊（インゴット）を溶解した溶湯アルミニウムＭ１を金型１１に流し込む。次に、ピストン形成部１２の上側部分（図示しない）から、あるいは充填用ピストン（図示しない）から圧力を掛けて、溶湯アルミニウムを金型１１に充填していく。このとき、口元形成部１３は、第２温度Ｔ２に冷却されているが、大面積（ピストン形成部１２の総面積）での急冷ではないので、溶湯アルミニウムの細部への充填性（鋳造性）やピストン１そのものの凝固に影響することはない。また、制御装置１７がピストン形成部１２の温度が第１温度Ｔ１以下にならないように第１冷却装置１５を制御する。 Next, molten aluminum M1 in which the ingot is melted is poured into the mold 11. Next, the mold 11 is filled with molten aluminum by applying pressure from an upper portion (not shown) of the piston forming portion 12 or from a filling piston (not shown). At this time, the mouth forming part 13 is cooled to the second temperature T2, but is not rapidly cooled in a large area (the total area of the piston forming part 12), so that the filling of molten aluminum into the details (castability) It does not affect the solidification of the piston 1 itself. Further, the control device 17 controls the first cooling device 15 so that the temperature of the piston forming portion 12 does not become the first temperature T1 or less.
　次に、制御装置１７が第１冷却装置１５と第２冷却装置１６の両方に通水させ、ピストン１の全体を冷却し、溶湯アルミニウムＭ１を凝固していく。次に、凝固した鋳物を金型１１から取り出して、燃焼室５ａやピストンリングの溝９などを切削加工してピストン１の製造は完了する。 Next, the control device 17 allows both the first cooling device 15 and the second cooling device 16 to pass through water, cools the entire piston 1, and solidifies the molten aluminum M1. Next, the solidified casting is taken out from the mold 11, and the combustion chamber 5a, the piston ring groove 9 and the like are cut to complete the production of the piston 1.
　上記の方法によれば、ピストン１の口元部７の鋳造組織を、銅又は銅合金で形成された口元形成部１３を第２冷却装置１６で急速に冷却し、０℃以上、１５０℃以下の第２温度Ｔ２に保つことで、口元部７の冷却速度を、口元部７以外の冷却速度よりも速くして、口元部７の鋳造組織を微細化する。これにより、溶湯アルミニウムＭ１のピストン形成部１２の細部への充填性や、ピストン１全体の凝固性を悪化させずに、ピストン１の口元部７における耐熱性と強度の両方を向上させることができる。 According to the above method, the casting structure of the mouth portion 7 of the piston 1 is rapidly cooled by the second cooling device 16 at the mouth forming portion 13 formed of copper or a copper alloy. By maintaining the second temperature T <b> 2, the cooling rate of the mouth portion 7 is made faster than the cooling rate other than the mouth portion 7, and the cast structure of the mouth portion 7 is refined. Thereby, both the heat resistance and intensity | strength in the mouth part 7 of piston 1 can be improved, without deteriorating the filling property to the detail of the piston formation part 12 of the molten aluminum M1, and the solidification property of the piston 1 whole. .
　また、上記の方法によれば、金型１１の燃焼室５ａの口元部７を形成する口元形成部１３を銅又は銅合金で形成し、その口元形成部１３を個別に冷却するだけで、燃焼室５ａの口元部７の強度と耐熱性の両方を向上させたピストン１の製造することができ、コストを安くすると共に、製造工程を簡略化し、容易に製造することができる。 Further, according to the above method, the mouth forming portion 13 that forms the mouth portion 7 of the combustion chamber 5a of the mold 11 is formed of copper or a copper alloy, and the mouth forming portion 13 is cooled individually by simply cooling it. The piston 1 with improved strength and heat resistance of the mouth portion 7 of the chamber 5a can be manufactured, the cost can be reduced, the manufacturing process can be simplified, and the manufacturing can be easily performed.
　加えて、連続でピストン１を製造しても、口元形成部１３の温度を口元部７の鋳造組織を微細化可能な第２温度Ｔ２に保つことができる。 In addition, even if the piston 1 is manufactured continuously, the temperature of the mouth forming portion 13 can be maintained at the second temperature T2 at which the cast structure of the mouth portion 7 can be refined.
　次に、本発明に係る第２の実施の形態のエンジン２のピストン１の製造装置２０について、図４及び図５を参照しながら説明する。この製造装置２０は、図１の第１の実施の形態の金型１１に替えて金型２１を備え、この金型２１は、ピストン形成部１２と口元形成部１３との間に、ピストン形成部１２と口元形成部１３との間の伝熱を抑制する断熱部材２２及び２３を介設して構成される。 Next, the manufacturing apparatus 20 for the piston 1 of the engine 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The manufacturing apparatus 20 includes a mold 21 instead of the mold 11 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and the mold 21 is formed between a piston forming portion 12 and a mouth forming portion 13. Insulating members 22 and 23 for suppressing heat transfer between the portion 12 and the mouth forming portion 13 are configured.
　この断熱部材２２は、図５に示すように、セラミックスの多孔質体又はセラミックス繊維でリング状（環状）に形成され、ピストン形成部１２と口元形成部１３の外側との界面に設けられる。また、断熱部材２３も同様に、ラミックスの多孔質体又はセラミックス繊維でリング状に形成され、ピストン形成部１２と口元形成部１３の内側との界面に設けられる。 As shown in FIG. 5, the heat insulating member 22 is formed in a ring shape (annular) from a ceramic porous body or ceramic fiber, and is provided at the interface between the piston forming portion 12 and the outside of the mouth forming portion 13. Similarly, the heat insulating member 23 is formed in a ring shape from a porous material of ceramics or ceramic fiber, and is provided at the interface between the piston forming portion 12 and the inside of the mouth forming portion 13.
　上記の構成によれば、断熱部材２２及び２３が、ピストン形成部１２から口元形成部１３への伝熱を阻害し、口元形成部１３の冷却効果を上げるので、確実にピストン１の口元部７を急速に冷却することができる。これにより、ピストン１の口元部７における耐熱性と強度の両方をより向上させることができる。 According to said structure, since the heat insulation members 22 and 23 inhibit the heat transfer from the piston formation part 12 to the mouth formation part 13, and raise the cooling effect of the mouth formation part 13, the mouth part 7 of piston 1 reliably. Can be cooled rapidly. Thereby, both the heat resistance and strength in the mouth portion 7 of the piston 1 can be further improved.
　次に、本発明に係る第３の実施の形態のエンジン２のピストン１の製造装置３０について、図６を参照しながら説明する。この製造装置３０に設けられた金型３１は、燃焼室５ａが上向きの状態で鋳造可能な金型であって、ピストン形成部３２にピストン１の燃焼室５ａと突起部８を形成する燃焼室形成部３３を備えると共に、燃焼室５ａの口元部７を形成する口元形成部３４を備え、口元形成部３４を、ピストン形成部３２を形成する炭素鋼よりも熱伝導率の高い銅又は銅金属で形成して構成される。 Next, the manufacturing apparatus 30 for the piston 1 of the engine 2 according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. A mold 31 provided in the manufacturing apparatus 30 is a mold that can be cast with the combustion chamber 5a facing upward, and a combustion chamber in which the combustion chamber 5a and the protrusion 8 of the piston 1 are formed in the piston forming portion 32. Copper or copper metal having a formation part 33 and a mouth formation part 34 that forms the mouth part 7 of the combustion chamber 5a, and having a higher thermal conductivity than the carbon steel that forms the piston formation part 32. Is formed and configured.
　この口元形成部３４は、第１の実施の形態と比べると口元部７との接触面が大きいため、より効率よく口元部７を急速に冷却することができるので、口元部７の鋳造組織の微細化を促進することができる。 Since the lip forming portion 34 has a larger contact surface with the lip portion 7 as compared with the first embodiment, the lip portion 7 can be cooled more efficiently and rapidly. Refinement can be promoted.
　なお、この第３の実施の形態のような燃焼室５ａを鋳造時に形成する燃焼室形成部３３を、第１の実施の形態や第２の実施の形態の燃焼室５ａを下向きの状態で形成する金型に設けてもよい。また、第１～第３の実施の形態では、ピストン形成部１２又は３２を冷却する第１冷却装置１５を備えたが、この第１冷却装置１５は口元形成部１３又は３４を冷却する第２冷却装置１６と異なり、必ずしも必要な構成ではない。 In addition, the combustion chamber formation part 33 which forms the combustion chamber 5a at the time of casting like this 3rd Embodiment is formed in the state which the combustion chamber 5a of 1st Embodiment or 2nd Embodiment faces downward It may be provided in the mold. Further, in the first to third embodiments, the first cooling device 15 that cools the piston forming portion 12 or 32 is provided. The first cooling device 15 is a second cooling device that cools the mouth forming portion 13 or 34. Unlike the cooling device 16, this is not always necessary.
　本発明の内燃機関のピストンの製造方法は、ピストンの口元部の鋳造組織を微細化することにより、その他の部分の溶湯金属の細部への充填性や、ピストン全体の凝固性を悪化させずに、ピストンの口元部における耐熱性と強度の両方を向上させることができるので、特に直径の大きいピストンを備えるディーゼルエンジンなどの大型エンジンを搭載するトラックなどの車両に利用することができる。 The method for manufacturing a piston of an internal combustion engine according to the present invention makes it possible to reduce the filling structure of the molten metal in other parts and the solidification of the whole piston by refining the casting structure of the piston mouth. Since both the heat resistance and strength at the mouth of the piston can be improved, it can be used for vehicles such as trucks equipped with a large engine such as a diesel engine having a piston with a large diameter.
１　ピストン
４　頂面
５ａ　燃焼室
７　口元部
８　突起部
９　溝
１０、２０、３０　製造装置
１１、２１、３１　金型
１２、３２　ピストン形成部
１３、３４　口元形成部
１４　微細化促進手段
１５　第１冷却装置
１６　第２冷却装置
１７　制御装置
２２、２３　断熱部材
Ｍ１　溶湯アルミニウム（溶湯金属）
Ｓ１　第１温度センサ
Ｓ２　第２温度センサ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Piston 4 Top surface 5a Combustion chamber 7 Mouth part 8 Protrusion part 9 Groove 10, 20, 30 Manufacturing apparatus 11, 21, 31 Mold 12, 32 Piston formation part 13, 34 Mouth formation part 14 Refinement | miniaturization promotion means 15 1st Cooling device 16 Second cooling device 17 Control devices 22, 23 Heat insulation member M1 Molten aluminum (molten metal)
S1 first temperature sensor S2 second temperature sensor

Claims (5)

  1. 　内燃機関のピストンの製造方法において、
    　ピストンの燃焼室の口元部以外を形成するピストン形成部と、該ピストン形成部の構成部材よりも高い熱伝導率を有する微細化促進部材で一部又は全部が形成された、前記口元部を形成する口元形成部とから構成される金型に、溶湯金属を流し込み、
    　前記口元形成部での前記溶湯金属の冷却速度を、前記ピストン形成部での前記溶湯金属の冷却速度よりも速くして、前記口元部の鋳造組織を微細化することを特徴とする内燃機関のピストンの製造方法。     In a method for manufacturing a piston of an internal combustion engine,
    Forming the mouth part, part or all of which is formed by a piston forming part that forms other than the mouth part of the combustion chamber of the piston, and a miniaturization promoting member having a higher thermal conductivity than the constituent members of the piston forming part Pour molten metal into a mold composed of the mouth forming part
    An internal combustion engine characterized in that a cooling rate of the molten metal at the mouth forming part is made faster than a cooling rate of the molten metal at the piston forming part to refine a cast structure of the mouth part. Piston manufacturing method.
  2. 　前記金型の前記ピストン形成部と前記口元形成部との間に介設した断熱部材により、前記ピストン形成部と前記口元形成部との間の伝熱を抑制する請求項１に記載の内燃機関のピストンの製造方法。 The internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein heat transfer between the piston forming portion and the mouth forming portion is suppressed by a heat insulating member interposed between the piston forming portion and the mouth forming portion of the mold. Manufacturing method of the piston.
  3. 　内燃機関のピストンの製造装置において、
    　ピストンの燃焼室の口元部以外を形成するピストン形成部と、該ピストン形成部の構成部材よりも高い熱伝導率を有する微細化促進部材で一部又は全部が形成された、前記口元部を形成する口元形成部とから構成される金型と、
    　前記口元形成部での溶湯金属の冷却速度を、前記ピストン形成部での前記溶湯金属の冷却速度よりも速くして、前記口元部の鋳造組織を微細化する微細化手段と、を備える内燃機関のピストンの製造装置。     In an internal combustion engine piston manufacturing apparatus,
    Forming the mouth part, part or all of which is formed by a piston forming part that forms other than the mouth part of the combustion chamber of the piston, and a miniaturization promoting member having a higher thermal conductivity than the constituent members of the piston forming part A mold composed of a mouth forming part,
    An internal combustion engine comprising: refinement means for making the molten metal cooling rate at the mouth forming part faster than the cooling rate of the molten metal at the piston forming part to refine the cast structure of the mouth part Piston manufacturing equipment.
  4. 　前記金型の前記ピストン形成部と前記口元形成部との間に、前記ピストン形成部と前記口元形成部との間の伝熱を抑制する断熱部材を介設することを特徴とする請求項３に記載の内燃機関のピストンの製造装置。 The heat insulation member which suppresses the heat transfer between the said piston formation part and the said mouth formation part is interposed between the said piston formation part and the said mouth formation part of the said metal mold | die, The 3rd aspect is characterized by the above-mentioned. The manufacturing apparatus of the piston of the internal combustion engine described in 1.
  5. 　請求項１又は２に記載の内燃機関のピストンの製造方法で鋳造されたピストンを備えることを特徴とする内燃機関。 An internal combustion engine comprising a piston cast by the method of manufacturing a piston for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2.
PCT/JP2013/083013 2012-12-19 2013-12-10 Manufacturing method for internal combustion engine piston, manufacturing device for internal combustion engine piston, and internal combustion engine WO2014097924A1 (en)

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JP2019056340A (en) * 2017-09-22 2019-04-11 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 Piston of internal combustion engine and manufacturing method of piston
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59108849A (en) * 1982-12-14 1984-06-23 Toyota Motor Corp Piston for internal-combustion engine
JPS6178548A (en) * 1984-09-27 1986-04-22 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Mold for producing partially chilled cast iron casting
JPS61215860A (en) * 1985-03-19 1986-09-25 Toyota Motor Corp Aluminum piston
JP2004255430A (en) * 2003-02-26 2004-09-16 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd Method and apparatus for casting piston for internal combustion engine

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59108849A (en) * 1982-12-14 1984-06-23 Toyota Motor Corp Piston for internal-combustion engine
JPS6178548A (en) * 1984-09-27 1986-04-22 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Mold for producing partially chilled cast iron casting
JPS61215860A (en) * 1985-03-19 1986-09-25 Toyota Motor Corp Aluminum piston
JP2004255430A (en) * 2003-02-26 2004-09-16 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd Method and apparatus for casting piston for internal combustion engine

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