WO2014094391A1 - 自定位式建筑单元板块 - Google Patents

自定位式建筑单元板块 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014094391A1
WO2014094391A1 PCT/CN2013/072706 CN2013072706W WO2014094391A1 WO 2014094391 A1 WO2014094391 A1 WO 2014094391A1 CN 2013072706 W CN2013072706 W CN 2013072706W WO 2014094391 A1 WO2014094391 A1 WO 2014094391A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hook
support frame
building
bearing composite
load
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/072706
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
侯明福
程海龙
袁文帅
苏秋菊
Original Assignee
沈阳瑞福工业住宅有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 沈阳瑞福工业住宅有限公司 filed Critical 沈阳瑞福工业住宅有限公司
Publication of WO2014094391A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014094391A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
    • E04B1/6108—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together
    • E04B1/612—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces
    • E04B1/6183—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces with rotatable locking means co-operating with a recess
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/0004—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship
    • F16B5/0008—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edge
    • F16B5/0012—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edge a tongue on the edge of one sheet, plate or panel co-operating with a groove in the edge of another sheet, plate or panel
    • F16B5/0016—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edge a tongue on the edge of one sheet, plate or panel co-operating with a groove in the edge of another sheet, plate or panel with snap action
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/01—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening elements specially adapted for honeycomb panels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a building board, and more particularly to a self-positioning building unit panel that can be used as a wall panel, floor slab, ceiling, and the like. It is suitable for use as a unit for temporary construction of buildings requiring rapid construction of permanent buildings or field operations, disaster relief, etc.
  • the ridges are joined to each other to achieve a parallel or vertical combination of the two panels along the direction of the edge surface of the outer contour.
  • a pin having a pin is provided on a side surface of the convex portion of the main edge surface, and an eccentric cam locking mechanism is provided at the concave portion of the main edge surface, and the two combined positioning panels are coupled together by a cam lock mechanism and a pin.
  • the convex and concave portions need to be matched with each other, which increases the difficulty of assembling, resulting in slow assembly speed and low efficiency, which may cause an increase in on-site construction costs.
  • the panels are assembled, they are only positioned along the main plane of the panel, but not in the direction of the main plane of the vertical panel. This will result in a step difference between the two adjacent plates after the splicing is completed, thereby increasing the difficulty and workload of the subsequent interior and exterior decoration.
  • the shape of the outer contour of the plate is complicated, which may cause difficulties in packaging, handling and transportation.
  • the "Building Panel” also records a building slab with no convex or concave surrounding.
  • the main defects are: Firstly, the hole is opened on the outer frame of the panel, which will cause the strength of the entire panel to decrease, and the core material of the "Building Panel" is filled with foam insulation material, which requires protection of the cam lock portion of the through hole. Handling, otherwise the lock cylinder will fail when the foamed material enters the lock cylinder. Caused the entire sector to be scrapped. Secondly, the manner in which the cam lock mechanism is mounted from the inner side of the outer frame of the panel is such that the position of the cam lock can no longer be adjusted after the manufacture of the panel.
  • Patent publications Nos. CN200955306Y, CN100465410C and CN2616626Y are the same in the "Rally Lock", which are mainly used in the active cold storage to lock the movable plates to each other.
  • the technical solution adopted is: the first and second bases which are mutually matched by two pulling forces are directly mounted on the mutually cooperating positions of the adjacent movable plates, and the hooks driven by the eccentric shaft in the first base can be relied on by the tool.
  • the head hooks the fixed shaft in the second base and tensions the adjacent movable plate. Because it is not embedded in the movable plate, it affects the external appearance of the installation, which is not beautiful. Moreover, the tension lock structure is more complicated, and the manufacturing and maintenance costs are higher. In the case of the positioning of the eccentric locking hook, it can only be locked with the fixed shaft in the same dimension direction as the locking hook, and cannot be flexibly connected with the plate in the vertical dimension.
  • the applicant has designed a "filled insulation type load-bearing composite board for building" (patent application number CN201210161868.0) for the disadvantages of existing building panels that cannot be individually loaded, etc., which discloses a
  • the new building panel is a building-filled heat-insulating load-bearing composite board which is formed by using a natural foaming material to solidify the shaped filling core with the upper and lower materials and the closed-shaped support frame. It can be individually loaded, and its structural design is reasonable, manufacturing and construction. Easy, light weight, strong load-bearing capacity, fireproof, thermal insulation, heat insulation, good sound insulation and so on.
  • the composite face material can be used as both interior and exterior wall panels, as well as for slabs, roofing, ceilings, etc., this patented technique does not give a specific connection between adjacent composite panels.
  • the invention further designs a self-positioning building unit plate with a quick connecting structure based on the structure of the composite board.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a self-positioning building unit plate, which solves the problems that the existing splicing plate has complicated processing, large difficulty in site splicing, difficulty in adjustment, waste of materials, high engineering cost, and the like, and the structure design is reasonable.
  • the assembly position between the common plates is simple and fast, and it can be self-aligned and connected, and it is convenient to adjust, transport and carry. It has the light weight, strong carrying capacity, heat preservation and separation of the "filled insulation load-bearing composite plate for building". The advantages of heat, sound insulation and fire prevention can save materials and significantly improve building quality and work efficiency.
  • the self-positioning building unit plate includes a face material and assembles adjacent face materials
  • the technical points of the assembled components together are as follows:
  • the face material adopts a building-filled heat-insulating load-bearing composite plate, and the assembled component comprises an eccentric hook component and a phase disposed in a blind hole hook groove of a support frame of the filled heat-insulated load-bearing composite plate.
  • the hooking device consisting of u-bolts in the arc-shaped groove of the supporting frame of the filled insulation and load-bearing composite sheet of the adjacent building, is fixed by the positioning pin of the support frame of the composite insulating load-bearing composite sheet for the building and is disposed adjacent to
  • a self-positioning device consisting of a positioning hole of a support frame of a building-filled heat-insulating load-bearing composite sheet; an eccentric hook assembly of the hook-up device is assembled in a blind hole hook groove from the outside of the support frame of the building-filled heat-insulated load-bearing composite sheet, and then
  • the pin is fixed to the support frame from the side of the building-filled insulation load-bearing composite sheet; the u-bolt traverses the curved groove of the support frame of the building-filled insulation load-bearing composite sheet, using the sealing gasket and tightening
  • the nut on the u-bolt is fixed to the support frame, and the movable hook and u-bolt of
  • an eccentric hook assembly disposed in the blind hole hook groove of the support frame of the filled insulation load-bearing composite board, mainly comprising a movable hook, a support clamp, a fastening screw, a support shaft and a tension spring, and two symmetrically arranged
  • the support splints with the pin holes are connected together by fastening screws, are clamped by the protrusion limiting table provided on the support plate, and the movable hook and the support shaft assembled in the inner hole of the movable hook are positioned, and assembled on the support shaft
  • a tension spring between the peripheral groove and the peripheral wall of the movable hook inner hole causes the support shaft to interlock with the movable hook.
  • a movable hook disposed in the eccentric hook assembly in the blind hole hook groove of the support frame of the filled type heat-insulating load-bearing composite plate, and the movable hook linked with the support shaft is driven by the support shaft to rotate from the filling type heat-insulated load-bearing composite plate
  • the support frame blind hole hook groove is screwed out or screwed in, so as to realize the attachment or detachment of the u-shaped bolt in the arc groove of the support frame of the adjacent building filled type insulation load-bearing composite plate.
  • a gasket is disposed between the support frames of the adjacent filled-type heat-insulating load-bearing composite sheets for construction.
  • the panel of the present invention is a "filled insulation type load-bearing composite sheet for construction" designed by the applicant as a load-bearing sheet (patent application number is CN201210161868.0),
  • CN201210161868.0 a load-bearing sheet for construction
  • it is easy to standardize production, no need for complex processing of plates, saving materials and avoiding waste; at the same time, it is also convenient in packaging and transportation, saving labor and other advantages, on the basis of redesigning the phase Assembled components consisting of a hitch device and a self-locating device assembled together.
  • the hooking device is composed of an eccentric hook assembly disposed in the blind hole hook groove of the support frame of the filled heat-insulated load-bearing composite plate and a U-shaped bolt in the arc groove of the support frame of the adjacent building-filled heat-insulating load-bearing composite plate.
  • the self-positioning device is composed of a positioning pin fixed on a support frame of the building-filled heat-insulated load-bearing composite plate and a positioning hole provided in a support frame of the adjacent building-filled heat-insulating load-bearing composite plate. Therefore, the structural design is reasonable, which is conducive to the realization of standardized production.
  • the self-positioning connection can be realized by inserting the positioning pin into the positioning hole, and the positioning of the adjacent building unit plates is simple and quick in assembling, thereby accurately realizing the quick installation and positioning. Adjustment, transportation and handling are very convenient. At the same time, it also limits the displacement in the two directions along the main plane and in the vertical principal plane. It can ensure that there is no step difference at the seam position when the two unit plates are spliced, which provides convenience for future interior and exterior decoration. Since the blind hole hook groove is arranged on the support frame of the eccentric hook assembly, the position of the eccentric hook assembly need not be separately protected compared with the existing building panel, and the foam filling material is prevented from blocking the lock core from the through hole. This saves material and increases work efficiency.
  • the eccentric hook assembly is mounted on the support frame of the plate from the outside of the plate by pins, so that the position of the eccentric hook assembly can be conveniently adjusted during installation and future maintenance, thereby eliminating installation errors and significantly improving building quality and work efficiency. . Since the eccentric hook assembly is installed from the outside of the panel, when the eccentric hook assembly is damaged, the eccentric hook assembly can be easily replaced without causing the panel to be scrapped due to damage of the eccentric hook assembly.
  • the invention has a U-bolt corresponding to the eccentric hook component, and has three use faces, that is, two main planes and one edge face at the position of the U-bolt, and the three use faces can be connected with the eccentric hook component.
  • This structure not only unifies the type of the plate, but also greatly improves the production efficiency of the building unit plate, and eliminates the three pin holes respectively processed in the same horizontal position in the prior art, and each pin hole is installed.
  • the pin structure also guarantees the defects of high precision of the parallelism and verticality of the three pins. Therefore, the invention solves the problems that the existing splicing plate has complicated processing, large difficulty in site splicing, difficulty in adjustment, waste of materials, high engineering cost, and the like, and can be used as a wall panel, a floor panel, a ceiling and the like.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an adjacent panel connection according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic enlarged view of the portion B of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic enlarged view of the portion C of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the mounting structure of the U-shaped hook of Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of the eccentric hook assembly of Figure 1;
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Figure 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a panel having a "T" type connection according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a plate in a "ten" shape connection according to the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural view of the support shaft of Figure 7;
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line F-F of Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of the tension spring of Figure 7.
  • serial number in the figure shows: 1 face material, 2 blind hole hook groove, 3 positioning pin, 4 positioning hole, 5 support frame horizontal frame, 6 eccentric Hook assembly, 7 pin, 8 sealing gasket, 9 nut, 10 support frame mullion, 11 curved groove, 12 U bolt, 13 core material, 14 gasket, 15 support splint, 16 fastening screw, 17 support Shaft, 18 movable hooks, 19 pin holes, 20 tension springs.
  • the self-positioning building unit panel comprises a building-filled heat-insulating load-bearing composite board (patent application number CN201210161868.0) having a unique structure as the surface material 1, and assembling the filling type heat-insulated load-bearing composite board for the adjacent building. Assembled components together.
  • the assembled components used therein include a hitch device and a self-locating device.
  • the splicing device is an eccentric hook assembly 6 disposed in the blind frame hook frame 2 of the support frame transverse frame 5 or the support frame mullion 10 of the filled insulation load-bearing composite plate and the adjacent building-filled insulation load-bearing composite plate.
  • the support frame transverse frame 5 or the U-shaped bolt 12 in the arcuate groove 11 of the support frame mullion 10 is composed.
  • the eccentric hook assembly (shown in FIGS. 7 and 8) mainly includes a movable hook 18, a support cleat 15, a fastening screw 16, a support shaft 17, and a tension spring 20. It connects the two symmetrically arranged support splints 15 with pin holes 19 by means of fastening screws 16, by means of a projection stop provided on the support splint 15, gripping and engaging the movable hook 18 and assembling the movable hook
  • the support shaft 17 in the inner bore of the 18 is positioned.
  • the support shaft 17 is interlocked with the movable hook 18 by means of a tension spring 20 which is assembled between the groove of the outer circumference of the support shaft 17 and the peripheral wall of the inner hole of the movable hook 18.
  • the eccentric hook assembly 6 of the hitch device is assembled from the support frame transverse frame 5 of the building-filled heat-insulated load-bearing composite panel or the outer side of the support frame mullion 10 in the blind hole hook groove 2, and then from the building-filled type
  • the side surface of the heat-insulating load-bearing composite sheet is inserted into the pin hole 19 through the pin 7, and the eccentric hook assembly 6 is fixed in the support frame transverse frame 5 or the blind hole hook groove 2 of the support frame mullion 10 (as shown in Figs.
  • the movable hook 18 can be rotated by a wrench to rotate the movable hook 18, and can be unscrewed or retracted from the blind hole hook groove 2.
  • the U-bolt 12 of the hitch device traverses the support frame transverse frame 5 of the building-filled insulation load-bearing composite sheet or the arcuate groove 11 of the support frame mullion 10, using the sealing gasket 8 and screwing on the U-bolt 12
  • the upper nut 9 is fixed to the support frame transverse frame 5 or the support frame mullion 10.
  • the self-positioning device is composed of a positioning frame 3 fixed on the outer frame surface of the support frame transverse frame 5 or the support frame vertical frame 10 of the building-filled insulation load-bearing composite plate, and a composite insulating load-bearing composite plate disposed adjacent to the building.
  • the support frame transverse frame 5 or the positioning hole 4 of the support frame mullion 10 is composed.
  • the adjacent structure is realized by the cooperation between the movable hook 18 of the eccentric hook assembly 6 corresponding to the hooking device and the U-bolt 12 and the positioning pin 3 of the self-positioning device and the positioning hole 4 Accurate splicing of composite panels with filled insulation.
  • the rotation support shaft 17 is linked to the movable hook 18 by the tension spring 20, so that the movable hook 18 is unscrewed from the support frame transverse frame 5 of the filled type heat-insulated load-bearing composite plate or the blind hole hook groove 2 of the support frame mullion 10. Or retracted, implemented and placed adjacent
  • the construction of the support frame transverse frame 5 of the filled insulation load-bearing composite sheet or the hook of the U-bolt 12 in the arcuate groove 11 of the support frame mullion 10 is tensioned or loosened.
  • a gasket is provided between the support frame horizontal frame 5 or the support frame mullion 10 of the adjacent building-filled insulation load-bearing composite plate.
  • the positioning pin 3 is inserted into the positioning hole 4 to perform positioning, and the movable hook 18 of the eccentric hook assembly 6 is removed from the blind hole hook groove 2 of the face material 1 by a wrench. Swing out, hooked together with a use surface of the U-bolt 12 of the other face material 1, and while continuing to rotate the wrench pull activity while ensuring that the movable hook of the eccentric hook assembly 6 can hook the use surface of the U-bolt 12
  • the hook 18 fastens the movable hook 18 of the eccentric hook assembly 6 to the U-bolt 12.
  • the eccentric hook assembly 6 is to retract the movable hook 18 into the blind hole hook groove 2 of the support frame transverse frame 5 or the support frame vertical frame 10 when the workpiece is processed and transported, and the eccentricity is then connected when the adjacent surface material 1 is connected.
  • the movable hook 18 of the hook assembly is unscrewed from the support frame transverse frame 5 or the blind hole hook groove 2 of the support frame mullion 10.
  • the eccentric hook assembly 6 of the hitch device can be assembled in accordance with the self-positioning building unit panel connection of the present invention, such that the movable hook 18 of the eccentric hook assembly 6 rotates in a direction parallel to the main plane or perpendicular to the main The direction of the plane rotates to work.
  • Adjacent self-positioning building unit blocks can be connected in the form of "one" type, "L” type, "T” type or "ten” type, which can be used as wallboard and wallboard, wall
  • the connection between the board and the slabs, wall panels and ceilings of self-aligning building units quickly builds temporary buildings needed for permanent buildings or field operations, disaster relief, etc.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Abstract

一种自定位式建筑单元板块，解决了现有拼接板块存在加工制作复杂，调整困难等问题，包括面材及把相邻面材组装在一起的拼装构件，其技术要点是：面材采用建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材，拼装构件包括设置在面材的支撑框盲孔钩槽内的偏心钩组件和相邻的面材的支撑框弧形槽内的U型螺栓组成的挂接装置，由固定在面材的支撑框的定位销和设置在相邻的面材的支撑框的定位孔组成的自定位装置；通过挂接装置的活动钩和U型螺栓之间的挂接及自定位装置的定位销和定位孔之间的相互配合，实现相邻面材的准确拼接。其结构设计合理，有利于实现标准化生产，通用板块间拼装定位简单、快捷，可以自定位连接，调整、运输和搬运方便，显著提高建筑质量和作业效率。

Description

自定位式建筑单元板块 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种建筑用板材， 特别是一种可以作为墙板、 楼板、 天花板等用途的 自定位式建筑单元板块。 它适用于作为快速构筑永久性建筑物或野外作业、 救灾等需要的临 时性建筑物的单元板块。
背景技术
[0002] 随着世界范围内， 住宅工业化的快速发展， 各式各样的建筑单元板块被广泛应用。 据文献报导， 在专利公开号为的 CN 101365849A 《建筑面板》 中， 所公开的建筑板块是在 WO 2004/074593 《建筑面板》 基础上改进的， 增加了专利号为 US 6409235 《面板紧固件》 中公开的凸轮锁机构与销结构。 从而实现了其与相邻的类似面板之间可以相互连接。 其中建 筑面板之间为了能够实现相互锁定式连接， 它的形成周界的四个主要边缘表面设计成了凸、 凹不平的结构， 凸轮锁机构从每个主要边缘表面伸縮， 通过凹入部与凸起部相互结合， 实现 两个面板沿着外轮廓边缘表面方向的平行或垂直结合的定位。 在主要边缘表面的凸起部的侧 面表面上设置内有销的凹槽， 在主要边缘表面的凹入部设置偏心凸轮锁紧机构， 两个结合定 位的面板通过凸轮锁机构和销连接在一起。 为了定位准确， 板块边框上的凸、 凹部分尺寸加 工精度要求非常高， 这样就增加了加工难度， 同时加工边缘框凸、 凹部分， 边缘框尺寸要加 大， 这会造成了材料的浪费。 当板块相互拼接时， 凸、 凹部分需要相互吻合， 这会增加拼装 的难度， 导致拼装速度慢， 效率低， 易造成现场施工费用增多。 当板块拼装时， 只在沿着板 块主平面方向有定位， 而在垂直板块主平面方向没有定位。 这会导致拼接完成后， 两相邻板 块间存有阶差， 从而使后续内、 外装饰的难度和工作量增加。 同时该板块的外轮廓形状复 杂， 会造成包装、 搬运及运输上的困难。 该 《建筑面板》 中还记载了一种四周没有凸、 凹状 的建筑板块， 同样存在板块拼装时， 在沿主平面方向， 也只在平行板块主平面方向有定位， 而在垂直板块的主平面方向没有定位。 拼接完成后， 两相邻板块间仍会存在有阶差， 使后续 内、 外装饰的难度与工作量增加等问题。 在上述 US 6409235 《面板紧固件》 中公布了一种 凸轮锁机构， 它的底座带有外翻边。 当上述 《建筑面板》 采用这种 《面板紧固件》 时， 需要 在建筑面板的外框上， 开一个长条状通孔， 从面板的内侧， 将凸轮锁放进长条通孔中， 用 4 个紧固螺栓将它的外翻边固定在建筑面板外框的内侧。 其存在的主要缺陷： 首先在面板外框 上开通孔， 这会造成整个面板的强度下降， 并且 《建筑面板》 的芯材采用填充泡沫保温材 料， 这就需要对通孔的凸轮锁部分做保护处理， 否则当发泡材料进入锁芯时， 锁芯会失效， 造成整个板块报废。 其次这种将凸轮锁机构从板块外框的内侧安装的方式， 在板块制作完成 后， 根本无法再对凸轮锁进行位置调整。 一旦加工或者安装过程中产生误差， 都无法通过调 节凸轮锁机构位置的手段， 来消除板块之间的安装误差。 在使用过程中， 板块的凸轮锁机构 失效或者损坏时， 也无法更换， 进而造成整个板块报废。 这不仅浪费原料， 增加施工成本， 而且影响房屋的质量和建筑结构安全性。 另外， 因该 《建筑面板》 中的销结构在安装时， 需 要在面板边缘框上加工销孔， 同一个水平面位置需要加工三个销孔， 并且每个销孔都安装销 结构， 这样就要保证三个销的平行度与垂直度， 故销孔的加工精度要求很高， 对该建筑板块 的制作工艺来说过于繁琐， 也影响面板的安装质量。
[0003] 专利公告号为 CN200955306Y、 CN100465410C 和 CN2616626Y 的同为 《拉力锁》 中， 所记载的主要应用于活动冷库中使活动板相互锁紧的拉力锁。 其采用的技术方案是： 通 过两个拉力相互配合的第一和第二基座直接安装在相邻活动板的相互配合的位置上， 可以依 靠工具将第一基座内偏心轴带动的锁钩的头部钩住第二基座内的固定轴， 拉紧相邻的活动 板。 因其不是将拉力锁嵌入活动板内， 故影响安装的外视效果， 不美观。 而且， 拉力锁构造 较为复杂， 制作和维护成本较高。 在偏心锁钩定位的情况下， 只能与锁钩同一个维度方向上 的固定轴锁紧， 不能灵活与垂直维度上的板材连接固定。
[0004] 本申请人曾针对现有建筑面板存在的不能单独承重等缺点， 设计出了一种 "建筑用 填充型保温承重复合板材" （专利申请号为 CN201210161868.0), 它公开了一种新型建筑面 板， 是利用自然发泡材料固化定型的填充芯与上、 下面材和封闭形支撑框构成整体的建筑用 填充型保温承重复合板材， 它可以单独承重， 其结构设计合理， 制造、 施工容易， 具有质量 轻， 承重能力强， 防火、 保温、 隔热、 隔声性能良好等优点。 尽管该复合面材既可以作为 内、 外墙板， 也可以用于楼板、 屋面、 吊顶等， 但是， 这种专利技术并没有给出相邻复合板 材间具体的连接方式。 本发明就是在该复合板材的结构基础上， 进一步设计出一种具有快速 连接结构的自定位式建筑单元板块。
发明内容
[0005] 本发明的目的是提供一种自定位式建筑单元板块， 解决了现有拼接板块存在加工制 作复杂， 现场拼接难度大、 调整困难、 浪费材料、 工程造价高等问题， 其结构设计合理， 有 利于实现标准化生产， 通用板块间拼装定位简单、 快捷， 可以自定位连接， 调整、 运输和搬 运方便， 既具有 "建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材" 的质量轻、 承载能力强、 保温、 隔热、 隔声、 防火等优点， 又能节省材料， 显著提高建筑质量和作业效率。
[0006] 本发明所采用的技术方案是： 该自定位式建筑单元板块包括面材及把相邻面材组装 在一起的拼装构件， 其技术要点是： 所述面材采用建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材， 拼装构 件包括设置在填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框盲孔钩槽内的偏心钩组件和相邻的建筑用填 充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框弧形槽内的 u 型螺栓组成的挂接装置， 由固定在建筑用填 充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框的定位销和设置在相邻的建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的 支撑框的定位孔组成的自定位装置； 挂接装置的偏心钩组件从建筑用填充型保温承重复合板 材的支撑框的外侧组装在盲孔钩槽内， 再从建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的侧面通过销钉 与支撑框固定在一起； u型螺栓横穿建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框的弧形槽， 利 用封堵垫片及旋紧在 u 型螺栓上的螺母与支撑框固定在一起， 通过挂接装置相对应的偏心 钩组件的活动钩和 u 型螺栓之间的挂接及自定位装置的定位销和定位孔之间的相互配合， 实现相邻建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的准确拼接。
[0007] 设置在所述填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框盲孔钩槽内的偏心钩组件， 主要包括 活动钩、 支撑夹板、 紧固螺钉、 支撑轴和张紧弹簧， 两个对称布置的带有销孔的支撑夹板通 过紧固螺钉连接在一起， 通过设置在支撑夹板上的突起限位台夹持并使活动钩和组装在活动 钩内孔中的支撑轴定位， 利用组装在支撑轴外周的凹槽与活动钩内孔周壁之间的张紧弹簧， 使支撑轴与活动钩联动。
[0008] 设置在所述填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框盲孔钩槽内的偏心钩组件中的活动 钩， 通过支撑轴转动带动与支撑轴联动的活动钩从填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框盲孔钩 槽内旋出或旋入， 实现与设置在相邻的建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框弧形槽内的 u型螺栓的挂接或脱离。
[0009] 在相邻的所述建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框之间设置密封垫。
[0010] 本发明具有的优点及积极效果是： 由于本发明的面板是采用本申请人设计的作为承 重板材的 "建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材" （专利申请号为 CN201210161868.0), 所以除 具有加工方便快捷， 便于标准化生产， 不需要对板材进行复杂加工， 能够节省材料， 避免浪 费； 同时包装、 运输过程中也很方便， 节省劳动力等优点外， 在此基础上重新设计出把相邻 面材组装在一起的由挂接装置和自定位装置构成的拼装构件。 其中挂接装置由设置在填充型 保温承重复合板材的支撑框盲孔钩槽内的偏心钩组件和相邻的建筑用填充型保温承重复合板 材的支撑框弧形槽内的 U 型螺栓组成， 自定位装置由固定在建筑用填充型保温承重复合板 材的支撑框的定位销和设置在相邻的建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框的定位孔组 成。 因此， 其结构设计合理， 有利于实现标准化生产， 可以通过定位销插入定位孔中实施自 定位连接， 相邻建筑单元板块在拼装时定位简单、 快捷， 从而准确地实现了快速安装定位， 调整、 运输和搬运都很方便。 同时， 也限制了沿主平面内， 以及垂直主平面内两个方向的位 移， 能够保证两个单元板块拼接时， 板缝位置处没有阶差， 为将来内、 外装修提供了方便。 因在安装偏心钩组件的支撑框上设置盲孔钩槽， 故与现有建筑面板相比， 不需要单独对偏心 钩组件位置进行保护处理， 避免了发泡填充材料从通孔堵塞锁芯， 这样既节省了材料， 又提 高了工作效率。 偏心钩组件是从板块的外侧通过销钉安装在板材的支撑框上， 这样在安装以 及日后维修过程中， 可以很方便的调整偏心钩组件的位置， 从而消除安装误差， 显著提高建 筑质量和作业效率。 由于偏心钩组件是从板块外侧安装的， 在偏心钩组件发生损坏时， 可以 很方便的更换偏心钩组件， 而不会造成板块由于偏心钩组件损坏而报废。 本发明与偏心钩组 件对应相互连接的构件一 U 型螺栓， 它有三个使用面， 即 U 型螺栓所在位置的两个主平 面、 一个边缘面， 三个使用面都能与偏心钩组件连接， 这种结构方式既统一了板材的种类， 使建筑单元板块的生产效率大大提高， 又消除了现有技术中存在的在同一个水平面位置上分 别加工三个销孔， 并且每个销孔都安装销结构， 还要保证三个销的平行度与垂直度的加工精 度要求很高的缺陷。 因此， 本发明解决了现有拼接板块存在加工制作复杂， 现场拼接难度 大、 调整困难、 浪费材料、 工程造价高等问题， 可以作墙板、 楼板、 天花板等构件。
附图说明
[0011] 以下结合附图对本发明作进一步描述。
[0012] 图 1为本发明的一种相邻板块连接的结构示意图；
图 2为图 1沿 A-A线的剖视图；
图 3为图 1中 B部放大结构示意图；
图 4为图 1中 C部放大结构示意图；
图 5为图 1中 U型钩的安装结构示意图；
图 6为图 5沿 D-D线的剖视图；
图 7为图 1中偏心钩组件的一种结构示意图；
图 8为图 7沿 E-E线的剖视图；
图 9为本发明的一种板块呈 "T"型连接的结构示意图；
图 10为本发明的一种板块呈 "十"字型连接的结构示意图；
图 11为图 7中支撑轴的一种结构示意图；
图 12为图 11沿 F-F线的剖视图；
图 13为图 7中张紧弹簧的一种结构示意图。
[0013] 图中序号说明： 1 面材、 2 盲孔钩槽、 3 定位销、 4 定位孔、 5 支撑框横框、 6 偏心 钩组件、 7 销钉、 8 封堵垫片、 9 螺母、 10 支撑框竖框、 11 弧形槽、 12 U 型螺栓、 13 芯 材、 14密封垫、 15支撑夹板、 16紧固螺钉、 17支撑轴、 18活动钩、 19销孔、 20张紧弹 簧。
具体实施方式
[0014] 结合图 1〜13 详细说明本发明的具体结构。 该自定位式建筑单元板块包括采用本申 请人具有独特结构的建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材 (专利申请号为 CN201210161868.0)作为 面材 1， 把相邻建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材组装在一起的拼装构件。 其中所用拼装构件 包括挂接装置和自定位装置。 挂接装置是由设置在填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框横框 5 或支撑框竖框 10的盲孔钩槽 2内的偏心钩组件 6和相邻的建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材 的支撑框横框 5或支撑框竖框 10的弧形槽 11内的 U型螺栓 12组成。
[0015] 上述偏心钩组件 （如图 7、 8 所示）， 主要包括活动钩 18、 支撑夹板 15、 紧固螺钉 16、 支撑轴 17和张紧弹簧 20等件。 它通过紧固螺钉 16将两个对称布置的带有销孔 19的支 撑夹板 15连接在一起， 通过设置在支撑夹板 15上的突起限位台， 夹持并使活动钩 18和组 装在活动钩 18内孔中的支撑轴 17定位。 利用组装在支撑轴 17外周的凹槽与活动钩 18内孔 周壁之间的张紧弹簧 20， 使支撑轴 17与活动钩 18联动。
[0016] 将挂接装置的偏心钩组件 6 从建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框横框 5 或支 撑框竖框 10 的外侧组装在盲孔钩槽 2 内， 再从建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的侧面通过 销钉 7插入销孔 19中， 将偏心钩组件 6固定在支撑框横框 5或支撑框竖框 10的盲孔钩槽 2 内 （如图 1、 2所示）。 可以通过扳手转动支撑轴 17使活动钩 18旋转， 从盲孔钩槽 2中旋出 或縮回。 挂接装置的 U型螺栓 12横穿建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框横框 5或支 撑框竖框 10的弧形槽 11， 利用封堵垫片 8及旋紧在 U型螺栓 12上的螺母 9与支撑框横框 5或支撑框竖框 10固定在一起。
[0017] 自定位装置由固定在建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框横框 5 或支撑框竖框 10外侧面上的定位销 3和设置在相邻的建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框横框 5或 支撑框竖框 10的定位孔 4组成。
[0018] 通过挂接装置相对应的偏心钩组件 6的活动钩 18和 U型螺栓 12之间的挂接及自定 位装置的定位销 3和定位孔 4之间的相互配合， 实现相邻建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的 准确拼接。
[0019] 转动支撑轴 17通过张紧弹簧 20联动活动钩 18， 从而使活动钩 18从填充型保温承重 复合板材的支撑框横框 5或支撑框竖框 10的盲孔钩槽 2内旋出或縮回， 实现与设置在相邻 的建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框横框 5或支撑框竖框 10的弧形槽 11 内的 U型 螺栓 12的挂接拉紧或松开脱离。
[0020] 为了提高整体房屋的密封性能， 在相邻的建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框 横框 5或支撑框竖框 10之间设置密封垫。
[0021] 在现场两个面材 1拼装时， 通过其间的定位销 3插入定位孔 4中实施定位， 用扳手 将偏心钩组件 6的活动钩 18从一个面材 1的盲孔钩槽 2中旋出， 与另一个面材 1的 U型螺 栓 12的一个使用面挂接在一起， 在保证偏心钩组件 6的活动钩能勾住 U型螺栓 12的使用 面的同时， 继续转动扳手拉动活动钩 18， 使偏心钩组件 6的活动钩 18与 U型螺栓 12紧固 连接。 从而实现相邻面材 1之间快速定位、 拼装。 其中偏心钩组件 6在加工构件及运输时， 要将活动钩 18縮回在支撑框横框 5或支撑框竖框 10的盲孔钩槽 2内， 相邻面材 1连接时， 再将偏心钩组件的活动钩 18从支撑框横框 5或支撑框竖框 10的盲孔钩槽 2中旋出。
[0022] 其中挂接装置的偏心钩组件 6 可以根据本发明的自定位式建筑单元板块连接需要组 装， 使偏心钩组件 6 的活动钩 18在平行于主平面的方向旋转工作或在垂直于主平面的方向 旋转工作。 相邻自定位式建筑单元板块之间， 可以呈 "一" 型、 "L"型、 "T"型或 "十" 字型等方式连接在一起， 这样可以满足作为墙板与墙板， 墙板与楼板、 墙板与天花板的自定 位式建筑单元板块的连接， 快速构筑永久性建筑物或野外作业、 救灾等需要的临时性建筑 物。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种自定位式建筑单元板块， 包括面材及把相邻面材组装在一起的拼装构件， 其特征在 于： 所述面材采用建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材， 拼装构件包括设置在填充型保温承重复 合板材的支撑框盲孔钩槽内的偏心钩组件和相邻的建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框 弧形槽内的 u 型螺栓组成的挂接装置， 由固定在建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框 的定位销和设置在相邻的建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框的定位孔组成的自定位装 置； 挂接装置的偏心钩组件从建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框的外侧组装在盲孔钩 槽内， 再从建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的侧面通过销钉与支撑框固定在一起； u型螺栓 横穿建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框的弧形槽， 利用封堵垫片及旋紧在 u 型螺栓 上的螺母与支撑框固定在一起， 通过挂接装置相对应的偏心钩组件的活动钩和 u 型螺栓之 间的挂接及自定位装置的定位销和定位孔之间的相互配合， 实现相邻建筑用填充型保温承重 复合板材的准确拼接。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的自定位式建筑单元板块， 其特征在于： 设置在所述填充型保温承 重复合板材的支撑框盲孔钩槽内的偏心钩组件， 主要包括活动钩、 支撑夹板、 紧固螺钉、 支 撑轴和张紧弹簧， 两个对称布置的带有销孔的支撑夹板通过紧固螺钉连接在一起， 通过设置 在支撑夹板上的突起限位台夹持并使活动钩和组装在活动钩内孔中的支撑轴定位， 利用组装 在支撑轴外周的凹槽与活动钩内孔周壁之间的张紧弹簧， 使支撑轴与活动钩联动。
3. 根据权利要求 1 或 2所述的自定位式建筑单元板块， 其特征在于： 设置在所述填充型保 温承重复合板材的支撑框盲孔钩槽内的偏心钩组件中的活动钩， 通过支撑轴转动带动与支撑 轴联动的活动钩从填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框盲孔钩槽内旋出或旋入， 实现与设置在 相邻的建筑用填充型保温承重复合板材的支撑框弧形槽内的 U型螺栓的挂接或脱离。
4. 根据权利要求 1 所述的自定位式建筑单元板块， 其特征在于： 在相邻的所述建筑用填充 型保温承重复合板材的支撑框之间设置密封垫。
PCT/CN2013/072706 2012-12-21 2013-03-15 自定位式建筑单元板块 WO2014094391A1 (zh)

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