WO2014089986A1 - 路由转发、建立路由表、和获取内容的方法及其装置 - Google Patents

路由转发、建立路由表、和获取内容的方法及其装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014089986A1
WO2014089986A1 PCT/CN2013/081601 CN2013081601W WO2014089986A1 WO 2014089986 A1 WO2014089986 A1 WO 2014089986A1 CN 2013081601 W CN2013081601 W CN 2013081601W WO 2014089986 A1 WO2014089986 A1 WO 2014089986A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
container
content
identifier
requested content
information
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PCT/CN2013/081601
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
范灵源
姚春凤
严哲峰
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP13863083.5A priority Critical patent/EP2933961B1/en
Publication of WO2014089986A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014089986A1/zh
Priority to US14/737,941 priority patent/US9948557B2/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/74Address processing for routing
    • H04L45/745Address table lookup; Address filtering
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/64Hybrid switching systems
    • H04L12/6418Hybrid transport
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/302Route determination based on requested QoS
    • H04L45/306Route determination based on the nature of the carried application
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/42Centralised routing

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications, and more particularly, to a method of routing forwarding, establishing a routing table, and acquiring content, and an apparatus therefor.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the Internet Protocol has achieved great success, pushing the Internet everywhere, but at the beginning of the IP, the "terminal" was placed at the core, identified by the destination IP address and source IP address.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • Each of the IP packets 7 carries a session between the two terminals, so IP is a terminal-centric network protocol.
  • the main purpose of the production, dissemination and sharing of various information is that people often do not care about where to obtain information when they obtain this information. This is a new mode of information or content-centricity.
  • the research community began to try to redefine the waist of the Internet hourglass model and study the new Internet architecture that is directly oriented to information and content.
  • NDN Named Data Network
  • CCN Central Centric Networking
  • NDN The longest match lookup for the content name prefix of "FIB" is determined by the next hop.
  • NDN is also working on content-based forwarding based on current IP routers and Ethernet forwarding engines. Therefore, the routing table capacity problem is an important issue for NDN research.
  • NDN tries to solve this problem by name aggregation, because the content namespace is far beyond the IP address space, NDN faces a very serious routing scalability problem.
  • Google currently has more than 10 12 Uniform Resource Locators ("URLs"), so even if only the top-level domain is placed in the FIB of the NDN, according to today's network size, Also reach 2xl0 8 routes. If you then add part two, a prefix name three of the estimated size of routing tables to reach 6xl0 8 routes, this number is almost the current network Border Gateway Protocol (Border Gateway Protocol, known as barrel
  • BGP is two hundred times more than the routing entry, and BGP routing has been extended ten times in about a decade, so it is difficult to forget that current hardware such as the forwarding engine can support such a large-scale NDN routing table in a short period of time.
  • NDN For the above routing scalability problem of NDN, a possible solution proposed by NDN's content naming mechanism is to add a topology-related prefix in front of the content name, and then reduce the rapid development of the mobile Internet through topology aggregation, regardless of From the perspective of mobility, multi-homing, business, and security, it is expected that content naming is location-independent.
  • Another solution introduces the concept of a routing label based on the content name.
  • the routing label is used to define the location of the content.
  • the user or routing node can obtain the routing label set corresponding to the content name by querying the name resolution system.
  • the content name is only used for cached lookup, and the routing label is actually determined by the interest packet forwarding route.
  • the technical solution completely weakens the concept of content routing, and the routing label is essentially a location. Information, this is not fundamentally different from IP. Therefore, the technical solution is more like an IP router that adds content caching, rather than content routing in the true sense.
  • the technology over-emphasizes the separation of two namespaces and the role of the mapping system, making it completely dependent on the name resolution system, thus losing the flexibility of the original NDN-based content-based routing. So how to solve the content by The problem of routing scalability and other issues without destroying the flexibility of content routing is an urgent problem to be solved in current NDN systems and other ICN systems.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for routing forwarding, a method for processing a content request, a method for establishing a routing table, a method for acquiring content, and a method for publishing content, and a router, a device for establishing a routing table, a user device, and a content for publishing The device can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content based on the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for routing and forwarding, where the method includes: receiving a content request packet, where the content request packet carries a content name of the requested content and container information of the requested content, where the container information of the requested content includes a container identifier for identifying a container storing the requested content; determining whether a forwarding entry matching the content name of the requested content exists in the forwarding information table FIB; when there is no matching in the FIB that matches the content name of the requested content When the item is published, it is determined whether there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content, and the forwarding entry in the FIB includes a preset container identifier and a corresponding container identifier.
  • the interface sends a content request packet according to an interface in the matched forwarding entry when the forwarding entry matching the container identifier in the container information of the requested content exists in the FIB.
  • the container is a storage space for storing a set of content.
  • the container includes at least one routing node, through one or more routing nodes of the at least one routing node
  • the request content can be routed within the container, or the requested content can be routed through the container.
  • the content name of the requested content corresponds to one or more home containers, and the home container of the requested content is capable of Directly routed to the container for the requested content.
  • the container is an access container of one or more first other containers; and/or one or more second other containers are accesses to the container a container; wherein the access container is a container that includes another container in a topological relationship, and has a forwarding entry that routes the content request packet to the other container.
  • the container information further includes the container identifier Corresponding identification identifier, the identifier is used to identify whether the container corresponding to the container identifier is resolvable, and determining whether the forwarding entry matching the container identifier in the container information of the requested content is included in the FIB, including: Parsing the identifier, parsing the container identifier of the access container of all parsable containers that obtain the requested content; and identifying the container identifier in the container information of the requested content and the container identifier of the access container of all parsable containers of the requested content
  • the preset container identifier in the FIB is matched to determine whether there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content and the container identifier of the access container.
  • the method further includes: adding, to the parsing, the container information of the access container of all parsable containers of the requested content obtained by the parsing The container content of the request content.
  • the container information further includes the container identifier Corresponding identifier, the identifier is used to identify whether the container corresponding to the container identifier is resolvable; the method further includes: when there is no forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content According to the parsing identifier, parsing the container identifier of the access container of the container; matching the container identifier of the access container obtained by the parsing with the preset container identifier in the FIB to determine whether the FIB exists in the FIB. The container of the access container obtained by the parsing identifies the matching forwarding entry.
  • the method further includes: adding the container information of the access container obtained by the parsing to the container information of the requested content.
  • the forwarding entry in the FIB includes an interface corresponding to the content name prefix and the content name prefix, and determining whether the content of the request exists in the forwarding information table FIB
  • the forwarding entry matching the content name includes: whether the prefix of the content name of the request content matches the content name prefix in the forwarding entry in the FIB, and determining whether the FIB matches the content name of the requested content.
  • the method further includes: when it is determined that the forwarding entry matching the content name of the requested content exists in the FIB, sending the content request packet according to the interface in the matching forwarding entry.
  • the method further includes: determining the FIB Before whether there is a forwarding entry matching the content name of the requested content, determining whether there is content matching the content name of the requested content in the content storage table CS; when there is a content name matching the content content of the requested content in the CS And sending the matched content to the sending end of the content requesting package; when there is no content matching the content name of the requested content in the CS, performing determining whether the content name of the requested content exists in the FIB The step of matching the forwarding entry.
  • the method further includes: determining, when there is no content in the CS that matches the content name of the requested content, determining to reside Whether there is a PIT entry matching the content name of the requested content in the information table PIT; when there is a PIT entry matching the content name of the requested content in the PIT, the interface corresponding to the sending end of the content request packet is added When the PIT entry that matches the content name of the requested content does not exist in the PIT, the step of determining whether there is a forwarding entry matching the content name of the requested content in the FIB is performed.
  • the method further includes: When there is no forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content, the content request packet is sent according to the default interface, or the content request packet is discarded.
  • the FIB includes a global container forwarding table Item, the global container forwarding entry includes a container identifier of the global container and the global content
  • the container identifier corresponds to the first interface
  • the first interface is an interface of the next hop routing node that is connected by the local node to the global container
  • the global container is a globally routable container
  • the global container includes a topology-related global A container and/or a topology-independent global container.
  • the FIB further includes a topology-related container forwarding entry for routing based on the topology-related container, by using the extension
  • the related container forwarding entry is such that the route of the lower container of the container to which the node belongs is not the internal route of the local node, and the topology related container forms a topology with other containers.
  • a container of relationships, the topology relationship comprising: a superior container including one or more subordinate containers, and/or a subordinate container being included by one or more superior containers.
  • the topology-related container forwarding entry includes a container identifier that is a lower-level container with respect to the local container of the local node, and
  • the second interface is a second interface corresponding to the container of the lower-level container, and the second interface is an interface that is connected to the lower-level container by the local node;
  • the forwarding entry is forwarded by the topology-related container, so that the lower-level container of the container to which the node belongs
  • the route as the internal route of the local node does not diffuse out of the container to which the local node belongs, and includes: a container identifier of the subordinate container in the forwarding table entry by the topology related container, and a second corresponding to the container identifier of the subordinate container
  • the interface is configured to make the route of the lower-level container of the container to which the local node belongs as the internal route of the local node.
  • the container identifier corresponding to the topology-related container has a level capable of reflecting the topology-related container. The nature, thus representing the topological relationship formed between the topology-related container and the other containers.
  • the FIB further includes a topology-independent small container forwarding table
  • the topology-independent small container forwarding entry includes a container identifier of the topology-independent small container and a third interface corresponding to the container identifier of the topology-independent small container, and the third interface is independent of the node connection to reach the topology.
  • the interface of the next hop routing node of the small container is independent of the node connection to reach the topology.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for processing a content request, where the method includes: Receiving a content request packet, the content request package carrying a content name of the requested content and container information of the requested content, the container information of the requested content including a container identifier for identifying a container storing the requested content, the container including at least one routing node, The requested content can be routed within the container by one or more of the at least one routing node, or the requested content can be routed through the container; according to the content name of the requested content and the requested content Container information, which determines the forwarding route of the content request packet.
  • the container is a storage space for storing a set of content.
  • the content name of the requested content corresponds to one or more home containers, and the home container of the requested content is capable of Directly routed to the container for the requested content.
  • the container is an access container of one or more first other containers; and / Or one or more second other containers are access containers of the container; wherein the access container includes another container in a topological relationship, and there is a forwarding table that routes the content request packet to the other container The container of the item.
  • the content name according to the requested content and the The container information of the request content determines the forwarding route of the content request packet, including: determining whether there is a forwarding entry in the forwarding information table FIB that matches the content name of the requested content; when the content name of the requested content does not exist in the FIB When the matching forwarding entry is matched, it is determined whether there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content, and the forwarding entry in the FIB includes a preset container identifier and a container corresponding to the preset Identifying the corresponding interface; when there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content, the content request packet is sent according to the interface in the matching forwarding entry.
  • the content name of the requested content and the requested content Container information forms a tree with the content name of the requested content as the root node, the root node
  • the child node represents the container information of the home container of the requested content
  • the container corresponding to the container information represented by the first node is the access container of the container corresponding to the container information represented by the parent node of the first node
  • the first node is the Other nodes in the tree except the root node and the child nodes of the root node.
  • the content name of the requested content and the requested content forms a directed acyclic graph with the content of the requested content as an entry vertex, and the endpoint of the directed edge originating from the entry vertex represents container information of the home container of the requested content, in the directed acyclic graph
  • the container corresponding to the container information represented by the second vertex is the access container of the container corresponding to the container information represented by the first vertex, and the first vertex is the other vertex except the entry vertex in the directed acyclic graph, the second The vertex is the end of the directed edge initiated from the first vertex.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for establishing a routing table, where the method includes: generating a routing table of the local node, to generate a forwarding information table FIB according to the routing table, where the routing table includes a global container routing entry,
  • the global container routing entry includes a container identifier of the global container and a first interface corresponding to the container identifier of the global container, where the first interface is an interface of the next hop routing node that is connected by the local node to the global container,
  • a global container is a globally routable container that includes topology-related global containers and/or topology-independent global containers.
  • the FIB table is configured to: when the local node receives the content request packet, the content name of the request content carried in the content request packet and the container identifier in the container information The forwarding entries in the FIB are matched to determine the forwarding route of the content request packet.
  • the routing table further includes a topology-related container routing entry for routing based on the topology-related container
  • the topology-related container routing entry is used to make the route of the lower-level container of the container to which the local node belongs as the internal route of the local node does not diffuse out of the container to which the local node belongs; wherein the topology-related container is the same as the other
  • the container forms a container of topological relationships, the topological relationship comprising: one superior container including one or more lower level containers, and/or one lower level container being included by one or more superior containers.
  • the topology-related container routing entry includes a lower-level container identifier that is a lower-level container with respect to the local container of the local node, and a second interface corresponding to the lower-level container identifier, where the second interface is connected by the local node to the lower-level container.
  • the topology-related container routing entry is configured to make the route of the lower-level container of the container to which the local node belongs as the internal route of the local node does not spread out the container to which the local node belongs, including:
  • the lower-level container identifier in the container routing entry and the second interface corresponding to the lower-level container identifier are such that the route of the lower-level container of the container to which the local node belongs is not the internal container of the local node.
  • the container identifier corresponding to the topology-related container has a property capable of reflecting the level of the topology-related container, thereby Indicates the topological relationship between the topology-related container and other containers.
  • the routing table further includes a topology independent a container routing entry, the topology-independent small container routing entry includes a container identifier of the topology-independent small container and a third interface corresponding to the container identifier of the topology-independent small container, where the third interface is connected by the local node The interface to the next hop routing node of the topology-independent small container.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for acquiring content, where the method includes: generating a content request packet, where the content request packet carries a content name of the requested content and container information of the requested content, and the container information of the requested content includes a container identifier for identifying a container storing the requested content; sending the content request packet to the network device, so that the network device determines a forwarding route of the content request packet according to the content name of the requested content and the container information of the requested content.
  • the container includes at least one routing node, and the request content can be routed to the container through one or more routing nodes of the at least one routing node, Or the requested content can be routed through the container.
  • the content name of the requested content corresponds to one or more home containers
  • the home container of the requested content is a container that can be directly routed to the requested content.
  • the container information further includes an identifier that corresponds to the identifier of the container, The resolution identifier is used to identify whether the container corresponding to the container identifier is resolvable.
  • the method before the generating the content request packet, further includes: obtaining container information of the requested content; the generating the content request packet, comprising: generating a content request package according to the obtained container information of the requested content.
  • the method further includes: determining, according to the container information of the requested content, an access container of the container corresponding to the container information of the requested content Adding the container information of the access container to the container information of the requested content; the generating the content request packet includes: generating a content request according to the container information of the requested content of the container information to which the access container is added package.
  • the method further includes: determining, according to the container information of the requested content, an access container of all parsable containers of the requested content, And adding the container information of the access container of the all parsable container to the container information of the requested content; the generating the content request packet, comprising: the container information according to the access container of the all resolvable container Request container information for the content, and generate a content request package.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for publishing content, the method comprising: determining a container set of content and container information of each container in the container set, the container set including at least one container storing the content; The content and the information of the content, the content information of the content including the content name of the content and the container information of each container in the container set, so that the user equipment generates a content request packet according to the information of the content and sends the content request packet to the network device and is determined by the routing node.
  • the information of the content carried by the content request packet determines a forwarding route of the content request packet.
  • the container includes at least one routing node, and the request content can be routed to the container through one or more routing nodes of the at least one routing node, Or the requested content can be routed through the container.
  • the content name of the content corresponds to one or more home containers
  • the home container of the content is a container that can be directly routed to the content.
  • the method further includes: at least one container that collects the container and the The access container of the at least one container is registered to the resolution system such that the user or routing node obtains the access container of the at least one container by querying the resolution system.
  • the container information includes: a container identifier and a parsing identifier, where the parsing identifier is used to identify whether the container can be solved in the sixth aspect, and the present invention
  • the embodiment provides a router, the router includes: a receiving module, configured to receive a content request packet, where the content request packet carries a content name of the requested content and container information of the requested content, and the container information of the requested content includes identifier storage a container identifier of the container for requesting content; a first determining module, configured to determine, in the forwarding information table FIB, whether there is a forwarding entry that matches a content name of the requested content carried by the content request packet received by the receiving module; a determining module, configured to: when the first determining module determines that there is no forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the content name of the requested content, determine whether the FIB matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content.
  • the forwarding entry in the FIB includes a preset container identifier and
  • the sending module is configured to: when the second determining module determines that the forwarding entry matching the container identifier in the container information of the requested content exists in the FIB, according to the matching forwarding entry Interface, send the content request packet.
  • the container is a storage space for storing a set of contents.
  • the container includes at least one routing node, by using one or more routing nodes in the at least one routing node
  • the request content can be routed within the container, or the requested content can be routed through the container.
  • the content name of the requested content corresponds to one or more home containers, and the home container of the requested content is capable of Directly routed to the container for the requested content.
  • the container is one or more first An access container for the other container; and/or one or more second other containers are access containers for the container;
  • the access container is a container that includes another container on the topological relationship, and has a forwarding entry that routes the content request packet to the other container.
  • the container information further includes the container identifier Corresponding identification identifier, the identifier is used to identify whether the container corresponding to the container identifier is resolvable;
  • the second determining module includes: a first parsing unit, configured to parse and obtain all parsable content of the request content according to the parsing identifier a container identifier of the access container of the container;
  • the first determining unit is specifically configured to: the container identifier in the container information of the request content and the access container of all parsable containers of the requested content obtained by the first parsing unit
  • the container identifier is matched with the preset container identifier in the FIB to determine whether there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content and the container identifier of the access container.
  • the router further includes: a first adding module, configured to parse the first parsing unit to obtain all the content of the requested content The container information of the access container of the parsing container is added to the container information of the requested content.
  • the container information further includes the container identifier Corresponding identification identifier, the identifier is used to identify whether the container corresponding to the container identifier is resolvable;
  • the router further includes: a first parsing module, configured to: when the second determining module determines that the FIB does not exist and the requested content When the container in the container information identifies the matching forwarding entry, the container identifier of the access container of the container is obtained according to the resolution identifier; the second determining module is further configured to perform the access obtained by parsing the first parsing module.
  • the container identifier of the container is matched with the preset container identifier in the FIB to determine whether there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the container identifier of the access container obtained by the parsing.
  • the router further includes: a second adding module, configured to parse the container information of the access container obtained by the first parsing module Add to the container information for the requested content.
  • the forwarding entry in the FIB includes a content name prefix and an interface corresponding to the content name prefix; the first determining module is specifically configured to be used according to the content of the request. Whether the prefix of the content name matches the content name prefix in the forwarding entry in the FIB, and determining whether there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the content name of the requested content; the sending module is further configured to use the first determining When the module determines that there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the content name of the requested content, the module sends the content request packet according to the interface in the matching forwarding entry.
  • the router further includes: a third determining module Before determining, by the first determining module, whether there is a forwarding entry matching the content name of the requested content in the FIB, determining whether there is content matching the content name of the requested content in the content storage table CS; the sending module And when the third determining module determines that the content that matches the content name of the requested content exists in the CS, sending the matched content to the sending end of the content request packet; the first determining module is further configured to be used when When the third determining module determines that there is no content matching the content name of the requested content in the CS, performing the step of determining whether there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the content name of the requested content.
  • the router further includes: a fourth determining module, configured to: when the third determining module determines that the CS does not exist and When the content of the content content of the content is requested to be matched, it is determined whether there is a PIT entry in the resident information table PIT that matches the content name of the requested content; and an update module, configured to: when the fourth determining module determines that the PIT exists and When the PIT entry of the content name of the content is matched, the interface corresponding to the sender of the content request packet is added to the matched PIT entry; the first determining module is further configured to: when the fourth determining module determines the PIT When there is no PIT entry matching the content name of the requested content, the step of determining whether there is a forwarding entry matching the content name of the requested content in the FIB is performed.
  • a fourth determining module configured to: when the third determining module determines that the CS does not exist and When the content of the content content of the content is requested to be matched, it is determined whether there is
  • the sending module is further configured to If the forwarding entry that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content does not exist in the FIB, the content request packet is sent according to the default interface; or the router further includes a discarding module, where the FIB does not exist and the When the container in the container information of the requested content identifies the matching forwarding entry, The request packet is discarded.
  • the FIB includes a global container forwarding table
  • the global container forwarding entry includes a container identifier of the global container and a first interface corresponding to the container identifier of the global container, where the first interface is an interface of the next hop routing node that is connected by the local node to the global container, where A global container is a globally routable container that includes topology-related global containers and/or topology-independent global containers.
  • the FIB further includes a topology-related container forwarding entry for routing based on the topology-related container, by using the extension
  • the related container forwarding entry is such that the route of the lower container of the container to which the node belongs is not the internal route of the local node, and the topology related container forms a topology with other containers.
  • a container of relationships, the topology relationship comprising: a superior container including one or more subordinate containers, and/or a subordinate container being included by one or more superior containers.
  • the topology-related container forwarding entry includes a container identifier that is a lower-level container with respect to the local container of the local node, and
  • the second interface is a second interface corresponding to the container of the lower-level container, and the second interface is an interface that is connected to the lower-level container by the local node;
  • the forwarding entry is forwarded by the topology-related container, so that the lower-level container of the container to which the node belongs
  • the route as the internal route of the local node does not diffuse out of the container to which the local node belongs, and includes: a container identifier of the subordinate container in the forwarding table entry by the topology related container, and a second corresponding to the container identifier of the subordinate container
  • the interface is configured to make the route of the lower-level container of the container to which the local node belongs as the internal route of the local node.
  • the container identifier corresponding to the topology-related container has a level capable of reflecting the topology-related container. The nature, thus representing the topological relationship formed between the topology-related container and the other containers.
  • the FIB further includes a topology-independent small container transfer a topology item
  • the topology-independent small container forwarding entry includes a container identifier of the topology-independent small container and a third interface corresponding to the container identifier of the topology-independent small container, where the third interface is connected by the node to reach the topology The interface of the next-hop routing node that is irrelevant to the small container.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a router, where the router includes: a receiving module, configured to receive a content request packet, where the content request packet carries a content name of the requested content and container information of the requested content, and the container of the requested content
  • the information includes a container identifier for identifying a container storing the requested content, the container including at least one routing node, the request content being routable within the container by one or more of the at least one routing node Or the request content can be routed to the container;
  • the determining module is configured to determine, according to the content name of the requested content and the container information of the requested content that are received by the content request packet received by the receiving module, determine a forwarding route of the content request packet .
  • the container is a storage space for storing a set of contents.
  • the content name of the requested content corresponds to one or more home containers, and the home container of the requested content is capable of Directly routed to the container for the requested content.
  • the container is an access container of one or more first other containers; and / Or one or more second other containers are access containers of the container; wherein the access container includes another container in a topological relationship, and there is a forwarding table that routes the content request packet to the other container The container of the item.
  • the determining module includes: a first determining unit And determining, by the forwarding information table FIB, a forwarding entry that matches the content name of the requested content; the second determining unit is configured to: when the first determining unit determines that the content name of the requested content does not exist in the FIB When the matching forwarding entry is matched, it is determined whether there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content, and the forwarding entry in the FIB includes a preset container identifier and a container corresponding to the preset Identifying the corresponding interface; sending unit, for when the second When the determining unit determines that there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content, the content request packet is sent according to the interface in the matching forwarding entry.
  • the content name of the requested content and the requested content forms a tree whose root is the content of the content of the request, the child node of the root node represents the container information of the home container of the requested content, and the container corresponding to the container information represented by the first node is the first node.
  • the access container of the container corresponding to the container information represented by the parent node, and the first node is other nodes in the tree except the root node and the child nodes of the root node.
  • the content name of the requested content and the requested content forms a directed acyclic graph with the content of the requested content as an entry vertex, and the endpoint of the directed edge originating from the entry vertex represents container information of the home container of the requested content, in the directed acyclic graph
  • the container corresponding to the container information represented by the second vertex is the access container of the container corresponding to the container information represented by the first vertex, and the first vertex is the other vertex except the entry vertex in the directed acyclic graph, the second The vertex is the end of the directed edge initiated from the first vertex.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for establishing a routing table, where the apparatus includes: a generating module, configured to generate a routing table of the local node, to generate a forwarding information table FIB according to the routing table, where the routing table includes a global a container routing entry, the global container routing entry includes a container identifier of the global container and a first interface corresponding to the container identifier of the global container, where the first interface is a next hop route that the local node connects to the global container An interface of the node, the global container is a globally routable container, and the global container includes a topology-related global container and/or a topology-independent global container.
  • the storage module is configured to store a routing table generated by the generating module.
  • the FIB table is configured to: when the local node receives the content request packet, the content name of the request content carried in the content request packet and the container identifier in the container information The forwarding entries in the FIB are matched to determine the forwarding route of the content request packet.
  • the routing table further includes topology correlation for routing based on the topology-related container
  • the container routing entry through the topology-related container routing entry, causes the routing of the lower-level container of the container to which the local node belongs as the internal route of the local node does not diffuse out of the container to which the local node belongs; wherein, the topology is related
  • a container is a container that forms a topological relationship with other containers.
  • the topological relationship includes: one superior container includes one or more lower level containers, and/or one lower level container is included by one or more superior containers.
  • the topology-related container routing entry includes a lower-level container identifier that is a lower-level container with respect to the local container of the local node, and a second interface corresponding to the lower-level container identifier, where the second interface is an interface that is connected to the lower-level container by the local node; the route related to the lower-level container of the container to which the local node belongs by using the topology-related container routing entry
  • the internal route of the local node does not diverge from the container to which the local node belongs, and includes: a lower-level container identifier in the topology-related container routing entry and a second interface corresponding to the lower-level container identifier, so that the local node belongs to The route of the lower container of the container as the internal route of the local node does not spread out the container to which the local node belongs.
  • the container identifier corresponding to the topology-related container has a property capable of reflecting a level of the topology-related container, thereby Indicates the topological relationship between the topology-related container and other containers.
  • the routing table further includes a topology-independent a container routing entry, the topology-independent small container routing entry includes a container identifier of the topology-independent small container and a third interface corresponding to the container identifier of the topology-independent small container, where the third interface is connected by the local node The interface to the next hop routing node of the topology-independent small container.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a user equipment, where the user equipment includes: a generating module, configured to generate a content request packet, where the content request packet carries a content name of the requested content and container information of the requested content, the request content
  • the container information includes a container identifier for identifying a container storing the requested content
  • a sending module configured to send the content request packet generated by the generating module to the network device, so that the network device according to the content name of the requested content and the request
  • the container information of the content determines the forwarding route of the content request packet.
  • the container includes at least one route The node, through one or more of the at least one routing node, the request content can be routed within the container, or the requested content can be routed through the container.
  • the content name of the requested content corresponds to one or more home containers
  • the home container of the requested content is a container that can be directly routed to the requested content.
  • the container information further includes a resolution identifier corresponding to the identifier of the container, where the identifier is used by the identifier Whether the container corresponding to the container identifier is resolvable.
  • the user equipment further includes: an acquiring module,
  • the container module is configured to acquire the container information of the requested content before the generating module generates the content request packet.
  • the generating module is configured to generate a content request packet according to the container information of the requested content acquired by the acquiring module.
  • the user equipment further includes: a first determining module, configured to determine, according to the container information of the requested content acquired by the acquiring module, An accessing container of the container; a first update module, configured to add container information of the access container determined by the first determining module to the container information of the requested content; the generating module is specifically configured to use the first update The container information of the requested content after the module is updated, and a content request package is generated.
  • the user equipment further includes: a second determining module, configured to determine, according to the container information of the requested content acquired by the acquiring module, An access container of all parsable containers of the request content; a second update module, configured to add container information of the access container of the all parsable containers determined by the second determining module to the container information of the requested content;
  • the generating module is specifically configured to generate a content request packet according to the container information of the requested content after the second update module is updated.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for distributing content, where the apparatus includes: a determining module, a container set for determining content, and container information of each container in the container set, the container set including at least one storage a container for content; a publishing module for publishing the content and the content
  • the information of the content includes a content name of the content and container information of each container in the container set determined by the determining module, so that the user generates a content request packet according to the information of the content and sends the content request packet to the network device and is determined by the routing node.
  • the information of the content carried by the content request packet determines a forwarding route of the content request packet.
  • the container includes at least one routing node, and the request content can be routed to the container through one or more routing nodes of the at least one routing node, Or the requested content can be routed through the container.
  • the content name of the content corresponds to one or more home containers
  • the home container of the content is a container that can be directly routed to the content.
  • the apparatus further includes: a registration module, configured to collect at least one container of the container and The access container of the at least one container is registered to the resolution system such that the user or routing node obtains the access container of the at least one container by querying the resolution system.
  • a registration module configured to collect at least one container of the container and The access container of the at least one container is registered to the resolution system such that the user or routing node obtains the access container of the at least one container by querying the resolution system.
  • the container information includes: a container identifier and a parsing identifier, where the parsing identifier is used to identify whether the container is resolvable.
  • the method for routing and forwarding the method for processing content request, the method for establishing a routing table, the method for acquiring content, and the method for publishing content, and the router, the device for establishing the routing table, the user device, and the publishing
  • the content device by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system, can reduce the dependence of the route forwarding on the content name, thereby possibly reducing the routing table entry in the routing table, Issues such as route extensibility and mobility caused by content names offer possibilities.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for route forwarding according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2(a) is a diagram showing a tree structure formed between a content name and a container set according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2(b) is a diagram showing the structure of a directed acyclic graph formed between a content name and a container set according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is another schematic flowchart of a method for route forwarding according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is still another schematic flowchart of a method for route forwarding according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is still another schematic flowchart of a method for route forwarding according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is still another schematic flowchart of a method for route forwarding according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a method for route forwarding according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a content request packet and a data packet in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a method for route forwarding according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of a method for route forwarding according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of a method for route forwarding according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 12 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic flowchart of a method for processing a content request according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is another schematic flowchart of a method for processing a content request according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic flowchart of a method for establishing a routing table according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic flowchart of a method for acquiring content according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is another schematic flowchart of a method for acquiring content according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is still another schematic flowchart of a method for acquiring content according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic flowchart of a method of distributing content according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is another schematic flowchart of a method of distributing content according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 21 is a schematic block diagram of a router in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic block diagram of a second determining module of a router according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 23 is another schematic block diagram of a router in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 24 is still another schematic block diagram of a router in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 25 is still another schematic block diagram of a router in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic block diagram of a router according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic block diagram of a determining module of a router according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for establishing a routing table in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 29 is a schematic block diagram of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 30 is another schematic block diagram of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 31 is still another schematic block diagram of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 32 is still another schematic block diagram of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 33 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for distributing content in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 34 is another schematic block diagram of an apparatus for distributing content according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 35 is a schematic block diagram of a router in accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 36 is a schematic block diagram of a router in accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 37 is another schematic block diagram of a router in accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 38 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for establishing a routing table according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 39 is a schematic block diagram of a user equipment according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 40 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for distributing content according to another embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • a user equipment may be referred to as a terminal (Terminal), a mobile station (Mobile Station, referred to as "MS”), and a mobile terminal (Mobile).
  • Terminal device, etc. the user equipment can communicate with one or more core networks via a Radio Access Network (“RAN"), for example, the user equipment can be a mobile phone (or "cellular,” , a telephone, a computer having a mobile terminal, etc., for example, the user equipment may also be a portable, pocket, handheld, computer built-in or in-vehicle mobile device that exchanges voice and/or data with the wireless access network.
  • RAN Radio Access Network
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method 100 for routing and forwarding according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method of FIG. 1 may be performed by a routing node.
  • a routing node that performs the method 100 is referred to as a local node.
  • the method 100 includes:
  • S110 Receive a content request packet, where the content request packet carries a content name of the requested content and container information of the requested content, where the container information of the requested content includes a container identifier for identifying a container storing the requested content.
  • the publication item includes a preset container identifier and an interface corresponding to the preset container identifier;
  • the method for routing and forwarding in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table. Routing entries provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • the container is a storage space for storing a set of content, wherein the set of content may be one content or multiple content.
  • a country's entire network can be thought of as a national-level container that is the storage space for all content within the country's network; similarly, a province's entire network can be viewed as a provincial container.
  • the national container is the storage space for all content located within the province's network.
  • the entire network of a company or organization can also be viewed as a storage space for all content within the network of the company or organization.
  • Mobile devices such as airplanes, trains, or ships, can be viewed as all content within the mobile device network.
  • the storage space of the mobile phone, the host, or other electronic device that stores the content may also be regarded as the storage space of all the content in the network.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the container identifier of the container can be any content prefix only, ⁇ mouth fanlingyuan.com/blog, can also be a company or organization, ⁇ mouth: huawei.com, Tsinghua.edu, can also be a mobile network, such as airplanes, trains, ships, such as airchina/cal314, can also be mobile phones, mainframes or other electronic devices that store content, such as chinamobile/fanlingyuan, or network domains, such as cn, Cn/gd, cn/sd, and so on.
  • a container may correspond to one container identifier, and may also correspond to two or more container identifiers, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the following describes the container and the container identifier as corresponding examples, and the container identifier is used as an example. Refers to the container.
  • a container may include another container in a topological relationship.
  • a state network is part of a national network, and therefore, the national container may be considered to include the provincial container in a topological relationship.
  • the container may also include an access container, the access container being a container that includes another container on the topological relationship, and having a forwarding entry that routes the content request packet to the other container. That is, a container's access container includes the container in a topological relationship and there is a container that routes the content request packet to the container.
  • the container B includes the container A
  • the container B is defined as the access container of the container A, and the container B provides the access service for the container A.
  • a container may provide access services for one or more other containers, and one or more other containers may provide access services for the same container.
  • one container may be an access container for one or more other containers, one or A plurality of other containers may be access containers of the same container.
  • the container includes at least one routing node, and one or more routing nodes of the at least one routing node are responsible for forwarding the content request packet, and the container is referred to as a container to which the at least one routing node belongs.
  • the content request packet can be routed to the container through one or more of the at least one routing node included in the container's access container.
  • the national container “cn” includes the national containers “cn/gd” and “cn/sd” in the topological relationship, and the content can be passed through one or more routing nodes included in the national container “cn”
  • the request packet route reaches the provincial containers “cn/gd” and “cn/sd”, etc., and the state-level container “cn” provides access services for the national containers “cn/gd” and "cn/sd”;.com/cn” and “huawei.com/us” include the container “huawei.com” in the topology relationship, and one or more included in the containers “huawei.com/cn” and “huawei.com/us”
  • the routing node can route the content request packet to the container “huawei.com", and the containers “huawei.com/cn” and “huawei.com/us” provide access to the container "huawei.com". Service, but the embodiment
  • the content request packet received by the local node may be sent by another routing node, or may be sent by the user equipment, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the container corresponding to the container identifier included in the container information of the request content carried by the content request packet constitutes a container set of the requested content, and the container set may include one or more containers.
  • one or more containers in the container set are one or more access containers of the first other container; and/or one or more second other containers are access containers of the container, here
  • One other container "and the second other container” may be a container in a container set, or may be another container not in the container set.
  • the container set may include a home container of the requested content, and the home container of the requested content is a container that can be directly routed to the requested content, where the content container of the requested content has a content name corresponding to the requested content. Forwarding the entry, the content name of the requested content corresponds to the home container of the requested content.
  • the request content may have one or more home containers, and correspondingly, the content name of the requested content may correspond to one or more home containers, and the requested content can be routed to the home container corresponding to the content name of the requested content.
  • the access container of the home container of the request content can also be regarded as a container for storing the requested content, wherein the requested content can be indirectly routed through the access container of the home container.
  • the container set may further include an access container of the home container of the requested content, or further include an access container of the access container, through the access container of the home container or through the access One or more routing nodes included in the container's access container through which the request content can be routed.
  • the content container of "fanlingyuan.com/myson/2012/June01/happy.jpg” is "chinamobile/fanlingyuan”
  • the access container of container “chinamobile/ f anlingy uan” is “cloudrv.com”.
  • the content can reach the container “chinamobile/fanlingyuan” via one or more routing nodes included in the container “cloudrv.com” and pass through one or more routing nodes included in the container “chinamobile/fanlingyuan”. It is routed to the container "chinamobile/fanlingyuan”.
  • the contents stored by the container include content that can be directly routed to the container, as well as content that can be indirectly routed through the container.
  • the container set may further include all the containers storing the content, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. However, the location of some containers may change frequently, such as aircraft or ships, and accordingly, the access containers of these containers may change.
  • the container collection of the requested content includes the access containers of these containers, the persistence of the container set cannot be guaranteed, and the mobility of the content cannot be well supported. Therefore, when the access container of the at least one container in the container set frequently changes, the content publisher can register the mapping relationship between the at least one container and the access container to the parsing system, when the access container of the at least one container changes
  • the at least one container may notify the resolution system of the change, such that the resolution system can update the mapping relationship between the at least one container and its access container in real time.
  • the container set of the request content carried in the content request package may include only the at least one container and the access container of the at least one container to ensure the persistence of the container set of the requested content.
  • the content request packet may carry the parsing identifier of the at least one container to indicate that the at least one container is resolvable, so that the user equipment or the routing node may query the parsing system to parse the at least one container according to the parsing identifier, to obtain An access container of the at least one container. Therefore, it is always possible to route to the at least one container through the routing node in the access container of the at least one container, so that the mobility of the content is well supported, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the home container of the request content and the access container of the home container and the access container of the access container may be regarded as a container for storing the requested content, however, only the route is included.
  • the container of the node is the container to which the routing node belongs, and the access container of the container is not the container to which the routing node belongs.
  • the container “cn/gd” includes routing nodes R12 and R13
  • the access container “cn” of the container “cn/gd” includes routing nodes R1 and R2.
  • the container Both "cn” and “cn/gd” are containers for storing the content, and the containers to which the routing nodes R12 and R13 belong are “cn/gd", but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the container information of the requested content may carry the container identifier of each container in the container set.
  • the container information may further include a parsing identifier corresponding to the container identifier, where the parsing identifier is used to identify the container Identifies whether the corresponding container is resolvable.
  • the content request package may carry a parsing identifier of the parsable container, and the default default parsing identifier of the container is unresolvable.
  • the content request packet may also carry the resolution identifier of all containers, and use different resolution identifiers to indicate that the container is resolvable or unresolvable.
  • the relationship between the content name of the requested content and the container set of the requested content can be represented by a tree. As shown in FIG. 2(a), the content name of the request content is the root node of the tree, and the container in the container set of the request content is the descendant of the root node, wherein the child node of the root node represents the home container of the requested content.
  • the relationship between the container X represented by any node in the tree and the container Y represented by the child node is that the container Y is the access container of the container X.
  • the container A, the container B, and the container C are the home containers of the requested content
  • the access container of the container A is the container D
  • the access container of the container B is the container D and the container E, which is worth Note that since the container D is the access container of the container A and the container B at the same time, two containers D appear in the tree structure.
  • the relationship between the content name of the requested content and the container information of the requested content can also be represented by the above tree structure.
  • the content name of the requested content and the container information of the requested content form a tree whose root name is the content of the requested content, and the child node of the root node represents container information of the home container of the requested content, and the first node represents The container corresponding to the container information is an access container of the container corresponding to the container information represented by the parent node of the first node, and the first node is a node other than the root node and the child node of the root node in the tree.
  • the representation of the tree is straightforward. However, when more than two containers have the same access container, the tree representation method will have duplicate nodes, as shown in Figure 2 (a). Container 0 in . When such a repetition exists in a large amount, the representation method of the tree has a problem of inefficiency.
  • the relationship between the content name of the request content and the container set of the requested content may also be represented by a directed acyclic graph. As shown in FIG.
  • the content name of the requested content is used as the entry vertex of the directed acyclic graph
  • the container of the container set of the requested content is used as the other vertex of the directed acyclic graph, wherein the vertex is issued by the entry vertex.
  • the endpoint of all directed edges represents the home container of the content
  • the container represented by the endpoint of the directed edge from the vertices other than the entry vertex in the acyclic graph is the container of the container represented by the starting point of the directed edge.
  • the end points of the two directed edges emanating from the container B in Fig. 2(b) point to the container D and the container E, indicating that the access container of the container B is the container D and the container E.
  • the content name of the requested content and the container information of the requested content may also be represented by a directed acyclic graph.
  • the content name of the requested content and the container information of the requested content form a content name of the requested content.
  • a directed acyclic graph of the entry vertex the endpoint of the directed edge originating from the entry vertex represents the container information of the home container of the requested content, and the second top of the directed acyclic graph
  • the container corresponding to the container information represented by the point is the access container of the container corresponding to the container information represented by the first vertex, and the first vertex is the other vertex except the entry vertex in the directed acyclic graph, and the second vertex is from The end of the directed edge initiated by the first vertex.
  • the relationship between the content name of the requested content and the container set of the requested content or the content name of the requested content and the container information of the requested content may be expressed by other methods, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the depth traversal of the tree is used to sort the content name of the requested content and the container information of the requested content, and Any two nodes in the tree are separated by a separator, where the nth node of the tree and the previous node of the nth node are separated by an n-1th separator, 1 ⁇ n ⁇ m, m For the depth of the tree.
  • the depth traversal of the tree may be used to arrange the content name of the requested content and the container information of the requested content in a sequence of ⁇ ⁇ , and a "
  • the address box of the content "huawei.com/products/index.html” is: huawei.com/products/index.html I huawei.com/cn I huawei.com/us I cn/gd ⁇ "huawei.com/cn", "huawei.com/us” and "cn/gd", all three containers are child nodes of the content name.
  • Name2 ⁇ fanlingyuan.com/blog/2012/June01/main.html I hosting.com II cn/gd II cn beijjing II us/ca I cloudsrv.com ⁇ Represents the content "fanlingyuan.com/blog/2012/ June01/main.html” home containers are “hosting.com” and “cloudsrv.com”, while “hosting.com” has three data centers around the world, located in the container “cn/gd”” cn/beijjing,, and In “us/ca”, the three containers “cn/gd,” “cn/beijjing” and “us/ca” provide access services for "hosting.com", which are containers “hosting.com” "The child node.
  • the content request packet in the content request packet, the content name represented by the entry vertex of the directed acyclic graph and a container of the requested content represented by other vertices outside the entry vertex in the acyclic graph
  • the information is arranged in a sequence, and all the vertices of the directed acyclic graph are separated by a separator, and the access parameters are carried after all the vertices of the directed acyclic graph as the starting point of the directed edge, the access parameter A sequence number indicating the end of the directed edge originating from the vertex in the sequence.
  • the content name of the requested content and the container information of the requested content may be arranged in a sequence of ⁇ ⁇ , wherein the content name of the requested content is ranked first in the sequence, and the container information of the requested content is arranged after the content name;
  • the container information is the exit vertex.
  • the serial number of .com” and “cloudrv.com” in the container sequence The two containers are the home container of the content.
  • Com” and “cloudrv.com” provide access services, but embodiments of the invention are not limited thereto.
  • the node matches the content name of the requested content with the forwarding entry in the FIB of the local node.
  • the node when there is no forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the content name of the requested content, the node The container identifier of each container in the container set of the request content may be matched with the forwarding entry in the FIB according to a certain priority policy. The match here refers to the longest match.
  • the node may send the content request packet according to the interface in the matching forwarding entry, and stop the matching process.
  • the node may continue to perform the matching process until the container identifiers of all containers in the container set are matched with the preset container identifiers in the FIB, in which case there may be two in the FIB.
  • the container of the above container identifies the matching forwarding entry, and the node can be divided into The content request packet is not sent according to the interface in the matching forwarding entry to increase the probability of routing to the requested content.
  • the specific matching method can be dynamically configured as needed, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the determining, by the S130, the forwarding entry that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content includes:
  • the access parsing system can obtain the access container of the container, and further determine whether the access container is a parsable container.
  • the query parsing system continues to obtain the access container of the access container, and the iterative parsing process is performed until the parsed access container is unresolvable, and the complete parsing process ends, the node obtains The access container for all resolvable containers of the requested content. Then, the node identifies the container in the container information of the request content, and the container identifier of the access container of the all parsable container, and matches the preset container identifier included in the FIB according to a certain priority policy.
  • Steps S131 and S132 will be described in detail below by taking, as an example, a relationship between the content name and the container information in the content request packet and the analysis identifier of the content request packet carrying only the parsable container.
  • the node identifies the container in the container information of the requested content "chinamobile/fanlingyuan”, and the container identifiers of the access containers of all parsable containers of the requested content "airchina/cal314", “cloudrv.com” and “Airchina/cal314" , which matches the forwarding entry of the FIB in turn.
  • the node may further add the container information of the access container of the all parsable containers obtained by the parsing system to the content request packet for use by the subsequent routing node, so that the subsequent routing node may not
  • the method of performing the parsing process directly matches the container identifier in the container information of the request content with the forwarding entry in the FIB. Therefore, the method 100 further includes:
  • the node may insert the access container parsed in the above example into the container information of the content request packet, thereby obtaining the final content request packet:
  • the parsed container information of the access container may further include a buffering and aging time (TTL) to represent the user equipment or the network.
  • TTL buffering and aging time
  • the side can cache the parsing result and buffer the parsing result for the aging time to share with other user equipments and routing nodes.
  • the network side here may include the local node, and may also include other routing nodes, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the mapping relationship cache time is T.
  • T can also be set to other time.
  • T can also be divided into minutes or seconds.
  • the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the buffering and aging time may also be represented in other manners, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the node may also first carry the content request packet.
  • the container identifier in the container set matches the forwarding entry in the FIB.
  • the node can perform the above complete resolution and matching process.
  • the access container of the parsing container is parsable, the access container of the parsable container is parsed; when the access container obtained by the parsing is parsable, the access container obtained by the parsing is further parsed until the further parsing
  • the obtained access container is unresolvable, and obtains the container identifier of the access container of all parsable containers of the requested content; matches the container identifier of the access container of all resolvable containers with the preset container identifier in the FIB Determining whether there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches at least one of the container identifiers of the access containers of the all resolvable containers; when there is a container with the access container of the all resolvable containers in the FIB When at least one container
  • the node may also parse only part of the parsable container of the requested content to obtain an access container, and then the container identifier in the container information of the requested content and the access container obtained by parsing the part.
  • the container ID matches the forwarding entry in the FIB.
  • the node may send the content request packet according to the interface in the matching forwarding entry.
  • the node may parse the parsable container that is not parsed in the foregoing part, and parse the obtained access container and the forwarding table in the FIB.
  • the items match, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the method for routing and forwarding in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table. Routing entries provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • the node first fully parses the container set of the requested content to obtain an access container of all parsable containers of the requested content, and then performs a matching process.
  • the node may perform the matching process first.
  • the node parses the parsable container in the container set. Therefore, optional As shown in FIG. 4, as another embodiment, the method 100 further includes:
  • the processes S150 and S155 can be executed cyclically. That is, when there is no forwarding entry matching all the containers in the container set in the FIB, the node determines the resolvable container in the container set according to the parsing identifier in the container information, and the access container obtained by the parsing is obtained.
  • the container identifier is matched with the preset container identifier in the FIB to determine whether there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the container identifier of the access container obtained by the parsing; when the FIB does not exist and the parsing is obtained
  • the access container obtained by the parsing is further parsed until the access container obtained by the further parsing is unresolvable or in the FIB.
  • the port in the forwarding entry sends the content request packet.
  • the node first matches the container identifier of each container in the container set carried by the content request packet with the forwarding entry in the FIB.
  • the node determines the resolvable container in the container set according to the parsing identifier in the container information, and obtains the parsing container through the query parsing system.
  • the node matches the forwarding entry of the access container with the forwarding entry in the FIB.
  • the node identifies the identifier according to the access container. Determining whether the access container is resolvable, and continuing to parse the access container when it is parsable until a forwarding entry matching the access container obtained by the parsing is found in the FIB, or the access obtained by the parsing is obtained The container is not resolvable.
  • the method 100 further includes:
  • the node may add the container information of the access container obtained by each of the foregoing parsing to the container information of the requested content.
  • the node matches the container identifiers "airchina/cal314" and "cloudrv.com” with the forwarding entries in the FIB.
  • the matching result indicates that there are still no forwarding entries matching the two container identifiers in the FIB.
  • the container "airchina/cal314" can be parsed, so the node continues to parse the container “airchina/cal314", and obtains its access container “cn/beijing".
  • Com I cn/beijing ⁇ and the container identifier "cn/beijing,” matches the forwarding entry in the FIB. Since the container "cn/beijing" is unresolvable, whether or not it matches the container ID in the FIB The forwarding entry, the above loop process ends, and proceeds to the next step.
  • the node may perform iterative analysis and matching on the parsable container carried by the content request packet according to the depth traversal of the tree. Specifically, the node may perform a certain request on the content request packet.
  • the parsing container performs iterative parsing and matching until the access container parsed by the iteration is unresolvable or the forwarding table matching the access container obtained by the iterative parsing exists in the FIB. If the access container obtained by the iteration parsing is unresolvable and there is no forwarding entry matching the access container obtained by the iterative parsing in the FIB, the node may perform another resolvable container carried by the content request packet.
  • the analysis and matching process is iterative, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the method for routing and forwarding in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table.
  • Routing entries provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • the node only needs to perform partial analysis to obtain a forwarding entry that matches the access container in the FIB. Therefore, the forwarding process in this embodiment is completely parsed in the foregoing embodiment. Compared to the embodiment in which the matching is performed, the number of times of parsing the container and the number of queries to the parsing system can be reduced.
  • the node matches the content name of the requested content with the forwarding entry in the FIB.
  • the forwarding entry in the FIB may include a content name prefix and an interface corresponding to the content name prefix.
  • S120 includes:
  • the method 100 also includes:
  • the node may further cache the request content by using the CS, so that when the routing node receives the request for the same content, the request content stored in the CS may be directly sent to the sending of the content request packet. End, thus making the content request process more straightforward. Therefore, as an alternative embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the method 100 further includes:
  • the method for routing and forwarding in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table. Routing entries provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • the node is also compatible with the route forwarding method of the NDN in the prior art, and the routing information of the sending end of the content request packet is stored in a Pending Information Table (PIT).
  • PIT Pending Information Table
  • the same content request is only searched once, and the next hop interface of the requested content is determined by the information in the PIT when the content of the request is returned, so that the repeated search for the same requested content can be avoided, and the returned request content can be determined.
  • Next hop interface optionally, as another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the method 100 further includes:
  • the local node receives the content request packet, and the content request packet carries the content name and the container information of the requested content.
  • the local node performs step 1, and the content entry in the CS may include a preset content name and corresponding to the preset content name.
  • the node may match the content name of the requested content with the preset content name in the CS to determine whether there is content in the CS that matches the content name of the requested content; when the CS does not exist
  • the node performs step 2
  • the PIT entry in the PIT may include a content name prefix and a request interface corresponding to the content name prefix, and the request interface indicates content carrying the content name prefixed by the content name prefix.
  • the interface corresponding to the sending end of the request packet the node matches the prefix of the content name of the requested content with the content name prefix in the PIT entry to determine whether there is a PIT table matching the content name of the requested content in the PIT.
  • the node When there is no PIT entry matching the content name of the requested content in the PIT, the node performs step 3, the forwarding table of the FIB.
  • the item includes a content name prefix and an interface corresponding to the content name prefix, or the FIB forwarding entry includes a preset container identifier and an interface corresponding to the preset container identifier, and the node prefixes the content name of the requested content.
  • the node performs steps 4 and 5, and completely parses the container set of the requested content, obtains all parsable containers of the requested content, and access containers of the all parsable containers, and then the node performs step 6, and
  • the container identifier of the container in the container set of the request content and the container identifier of the access container of the all parsable container are sequentially searched for matching forwarding entries in the matching FIB according to a certain priority policy.
  • the method for routing and forwarding in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table. Routing entries provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • the method 100 further includes:
  • the node After the node executes S132 of the foregoing embodiment, the node performs the S190 in the FIB, and the node does not have the container identifier in the container information of the requested content and the container information of the access container of all the parsable containers of the requested content in the FIB. a matching forwarding entry; and when the node performs S190 after executing S155 of the foregoing embodiment, the node does not have a forwarding entry matching the container identifier in the container information of the requested content in the FIB, and the obtained When the access container is unresolvable, the content request packet is sent according to the default interface, or the content request packet is discarded.
  • the method for routing and forwarding in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table. Routing entry, to solve the route expansion caused by the content name Issues such as malleability and mobility offer possibilities.
  • the content identifier of the request content and the container identifier in the container information of the requested content and the forwarding entry of the FIB are the longest match, and the content name of the requested content matches the CS and the The matching of the content name of the content of the request and the PIT may be the longest match or the exact match, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the container information of the requested content is only used to match the FIB forwarding entry when the content name of the requested content fails to match the FIB, or the matching CS and FIB fails, or the matching CS, PIT, and FIB fails to determine the content request packet.
  • the forwarding route therefore, the container information only serves as a secondary route.
  • the content request packet can carry only the content name of the requested content, thereby preserving the convenience of the ICN system such as the NDN to directly route the content name.
  • the intervention of the resolution system is not necessary.
  • a content named "fanlingyuan.com/myson/2012/June01/happy.jpg” is stored in the mobile phone, and the prefix of the content name "fanlingyuan.com/myson” and its corresponding The interface is saved in the FIB of the wireless routing node inside the home.
  • the content request packet is sent to the network, in the form: ⁇ fanlingyuan.com/myson/2012/June01/happy.
  • the content request packet can be sent according to the interface in the matching forwarding entry, without matching the container or parsing the container, therefore, in this case, the resolvable container may not be performed.
  • the content request packet may also carry only the content name of the requested content without carrying the container information of the requested content.
  • the embodiment of the present invention extends only the content attribute of the content request packet, and the content request packet carries the content name and container information of the requested content, and can carry the selection items and random numbers in the prior art;
  • the data packet can still carry the content name in the existing NDN system such as NDN, does not carry the container information of any container, and the data packet still carries the signature information, for example, the publisher ID, the key location, and the expiration time. Since the signature in the data packet is still calculated based on the complete content name in the data packet, the data itself, and the user's private key, the content request packet is carried in the request.
  • the container information for the content does not appear in the data packet, nor does it participate in the calculation of the signature. Therefore, it does not affect the security of the existing NDN system such as the NDN.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a method 200 for route forwarding according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, the method 200 includes:
  • the content request packet may only carry the content name of the requested content, and may also carry the content name of the requested content and the container information of the requested content, and the container corresponding to the container information of the requested content constitutes a container set, and the container set includes at least one container.
  • the container information of the request content includes a container identifier of each container in the container set.
  • the container information may further include a parsing identifier of each container in the container set, or an analytical identifier of the parsable container in the container set. Embodiments of the invention are not limited thereto.
  • the prefix of the content name of the request content may be matched with the content name prefix in the forwarding entry of the FIB. If there is a content name prefix matching the prefix of the content name of the requested content in the FIB, perform S207. Otherwise, execute S203.
  • Performing full parsing on at least one parsable container in the container set that is, first obtaining an access container of the at least one parsable container, and adding the container information of the access container to the content request packet; and then determining whether the access container is Resolvable, if parsable, continue to solve the access container Parsing, obtaining an access container of the access container, and adding container information of the access container of the access container to the container information of the requested content, until the access container obtained by the parsing is unresolvable, thus obtaining The access container of all parsable containers of the requested content, and the container information of the updated requested content.
  • the container information in S206 is specifically the container information of the requested content carried in the content request packet received by the routing node, and when S205 is executed after executing S205, the container in S206 is executed.
  • the information is specifically the container information of the updated request content. If there is at least one container identifier that has a matching forwarding entry in the FIB, then S207 is performed, otherwise, S208 is performed.
  • the container information of the access container of the parsable container obtained in the above full resolution process may be added in the content request packet at this time, The content request packet at this time may be different from the content request packet received in step 201.
  • S208 Send the content request packet according to a default interface, or discard the content request packet.
  • the method for routing and forwarding in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table. Routing entries provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of a method 300 for routing and forwarding according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Steps 301 to 303 are basically the same as steps 201 to 203 of the method 200, and details are not described herein again. The subsequent steps involved in container parsing are described in detail below.
  • the container identifier of each container in the container set is matched with the forwarding entry in the FIB. If the container identifier of more than one container has a matching forwarding entry in the FIB, execute S307, otherwise execute S305.
  • the container identifier of the access container of the at least one resolvable container is matched with the forwarding entry in the FIB, respectively, if one or more of the container identifiers of the access container of the at least one resolvable container exist If the container identifier of the access container has a matching forwarding entry in the FIB, step S307 is performed. Otherwise, S305 and S306 are continued, and the processes S305, S306, and S304 are performed in a reciprocating manner until the presence and the resolution in the FIB.
  • the container of the access container obtained in the process identifies the matching forwarding entry, or the access container obtained by the parsing process is unsolvable
  • the routing forwarding process for the content request packet ends here.
  • the routing forwarding process for the content request packet ends here.
  • the method for routing and forwarding in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table. Routing entries provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • the method 300 can reduce the number of times of parsing the container in most cases, thereby saving overhead and speeding up the forwarding of the content request packet.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic flow chart of a method 400 for route forwarding according to still another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 11, the method 400 includes:
  • the arrived packet may be a content request packet or a data packet, wherein the content request packet may carry the content name and container information of the requested content, and the data packet only carries the content name of the content without carrying the container information.
  • the node matches the content name of the requested content with the content name preset in the CS to determine whether there is content in the CS that matches the content name.
  • the routing forwarding process of the content request packet by the local node ends here; otherwise, S405 is performed.
  • the node matches the prefix of the content name of the requested content with the content name prefix in the PIT entry to determine whether there is a PIT entry in the PIT that matches the content name of the requested content. If there is a PIT entry matching the content name in the PIT, indicating that the search for the content of the request already exists, then executing S408, the routing forwarding process of the content request packet ends, so that the same content can be searched only once. To avoid repeated lookups; otherwise, execute S406.
  • the node matches the prefix of the content name of the request content with the content name prefix in the forwarding entry to determine whether there is a forwarding entry matching the content name in the FIB, if there is a matching match in the FIB. For the forwarding entry, S407 and S408 are performed, otherwise S409 is performed.
  • S407 Send the content request packet according to the interface in the matched forwarding entry.
  • the update PIT is specifically added to the PIT table by the prefix of the content name of the requested content and the interface corresponding to the sending end of the content request packet, and becomes a new PIT entry; If the S408 is executed after the execution of S405, the update PIT is specifically configured to add the interface corresponding to the sending end of the content request packet to the PIT entry that matches the content name of the requested content.
  • the container information may further include a parsing identifier of the container, and the node determines, according to the parsing identifier, whether the resolvable container exists in the container set. If at least one resolvable container exists in the container, S412 and S410 are performed, otherwise S413 is performed.
  • S410 is executed, that is, the container identifier of the access container of the at least one parsable container is sequentially searched for the forwarding entry in the matching FIB according to a certain priority policy. If there is no forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the container identifier of the access container of the at least one resolvable container, then proceed to S411, and steps S410, S411, and S412 will be executed in this manner until the search in the FIB is obtained. The obtained container of the access container of the obtained access container is matched, and the parsed access container is unresolvable, and then step S413 is performed.
  • the routing forwarding process for the content request packet ends here.
  • S416 Send the data packet according to an interface in the matched PIT entry.
  • the node can cache the content in the data packet, so that when the node receives the request for the content of the data packet during the buffering of the content, the node can directly return the content in the data packet, thereby avoiding Find again the content in the packet.
  • S418. Remove the matched PIT entry.
  • the steps S416, S417, and S418 can be performed in an arbitrary order.
  • the execution sequence of the three steps is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention, and the forwarding process of the data packet by the node ends.
  • FIGS. 9 through 11 are intended to assist those skilled in the art to better understand the embodiments of the present invention and not to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • a person skilled in the art will be able to make various modifications or changes in accordance with the examples of FIG. 9 to FIG. 11 which are within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the method for routing and forwarding in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table. Routing entries provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can increase the attribute of the content in the ICN system by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name, thereby reducing the dependence of the route forwarding on the content name, thereby possibly solving the content name.
  • the routing extension problem caused.
  • the embodiment of the present invention divides all the containers into three types: a topology-related container, a topology-independent large container, and a topology-independent small container, and respectively respectively Types of containers take different routing policies.
  • a top-level nested hierarchical aggregation method is adopted for the topology-related container, wherein the topology-related container is a container that forms a topological relationship with other containers, and the topology relationship includes: one superior container includes one or more lower-level containers , and / or a subordinate container is included by one or more superior containers.
  • all containers that form a topological relationship can be divided into different levels, each container is at a certain level, and when the levels of the two containers differ by one level, the lower-level containers are called higher-level containers.
  • Lower-level container, and the higher-level container is called the superior container of the lower-level container.
  • the lower-level container can be accessed by its superior container, that is, the higher-level container is its lower level. Access container for the container.
  • the lower container and the upper container here are opposite.
  • the container A may be a lower container of the container B or an upper container of the container C, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the container identifier corresponding to the topology-related container may have a property capable of reflecting the level of the topology-related container, thereby indicating the topology relationship formed between the topology-related container and other containers.
  • the container identifier of the lower-level container may include the container identifier of the superior container.
  • the container identifier "cn/gd/sz" of the municipal container Shenzhen includes the container identifier "cn/gd" of the superior container Guangdong.
  • embodiments of the invention are not limited thereto.
  • the entire Chinese network can be regarded as a national-level topology-related container "cn”, which gathers provincial-level containers such as “cn/gd” in Guangdong province and “cn/beijing” in Beijing. " , and so on, and "cn / gd” has gathered the lower-level topology related containers such as Shenzhen “cn / gd / sz” and so on, and so on.
  • the US network can also be viewed as a national container "us”, and the container “us” includes the subordinate topology related container "us/ca”.
  • large ISPs can also be aggregated according to topological containers, such as China Telecom as a large container “ct”, which aggregates “ct/gd,,," ct/sd, and other provincial containers, "ct/ The gd” aggregates a municipal container such as “ct/gd/sz”, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • topological containers such as China Telecom as a large container “ct”, which aggregates “ct/gd,,," ct/sd, and other provincial containers, "ct/ The gd” aggregates a municipal container such as “ct/gd/sz”, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the top-level topology-related container in the topological relationship acts as a global container, and
  • the "cn/sd” or “us/ca” can also be used as a topology-related global container, and the route can be spread as a global route, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the embodiment of the present invention refers to the above topology-related container as a global container as a topology-related global container.
  • the global container may further include a topology-independent global container, where the topology-independent global container includes a topology-independent large container, and the topology-independent large container refers to a small number of large accesses in the existing network.
  • Topologically unrelated containers such as big ISPs, large companies, large portals such as "sina.com” “google.com”, “baidu.com”, etc., they have thousands of times more traffic than ordinary containers. They can be used as topology-independent global containers, and their routes can be spread as global routes.
  • the topology-independent large container may also be provided with an access service by a higher-level topology-related container, so that the topology-independent large container may be used as a local route of a routing node included in the access container.
  • a higher-level topology-related container used as a local route of a routing node included in the access container.
  • using these topologically unrelated large containers as global containers can greatly improve the matching efficiency of the routing tables of the entire network, and at the same time, it is convenient for these large companies to adjust the routing independently and flexibly, so as to better provide services such as multi-homing, load sharing, and Anycast.
  • the size of the core routing table does not increase greatly, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the routing table of the node includes a global container routing entry, the global container routing entry includes a container identifier of the global container, and a first interface corresponding to the container identifier of the global container, where the first interface is the local interface
  • An interface that connects to the next hop routing node of the global container which is a globally routable container that includes a topology-related global container and/or a topology-independent global container.
  • the topology-related global container provides an access service, and correspondingly, the route can serve as an internal route of the routing node included in the topology-related global container.
  • the route of the lower-level container may be included only in the routing table of the routing node included in the topology-related global container.
  • an access service is provided for its lower-level container, and accordingly, the route of the lower-level container can be used as the topology-related The internal routing of the container does not need to spread out of the topology-related container.
  • the routing table of the node may include a topology-related container routing entry that is routed based on the topology-related container, and the topology-related container path is adopted.
  • the route of the lower-level container of the container to which the local node belongs is used as the internal route of the local node, and the container to which the local node belongs is not diffused.
  • the container that does not spread out of the node belongs to the routing table of the routing node other than the home container of the node, and there is no routing entry of the lower container of the container to which the node belongs.
  • the container to which the node belongs is The external routing node needs to be routed to the subordinate container by means of the container to which the node belongs.
  • the routing tables of the routing nodes R1 and R2 may include routing entries of lower-level containers "cn/sd", "cn/gd", etc., which are the containers "cn” to which R1 and R2 belong, and their routes may be used as routing entries. Local routes of routing nodes R1 and R2 do not need to be out of the container "cn".
  • the routing table of the routing nodes R12 and R13 may include a routing entry of the lower container "cn/gd/sz" as the container “cn/gd” to which R12 and R13 belong, and the routing may also serve as the office of R12 and R13. Domain routing, no need to spread out the container "cn/gd”. Therefore, the routing nodes R1 and R2 of the container “cn” can only find the route "cn/gd/sz" in the routing table of the routing nodes R12 and R13 by entering the container "cn/gd”.
  • the routing table of the node may include a route of a lower-level container of the container to which the node belongs, and the routing entry of the lower-level container includes a container identifier of the lower-level container and a second interface corresponding to the container identifier of the lower-level container, where The second interface is an interface that is connected by the local node to the lower-level container.
  • the routing entry of the routing table of the routing node R12 may include the container identifier "cn/gd/sz" and the interface of the R12 connection to the R121.
  • Topology-independent small containers refer to topologically unrelated containers with small traffic.
  • Such containers exist in large numbers in the network, such as small companies, organizations, home networks, personal digital devices, etc., which also leads to existing NDN systems such as NDN.
  • NDN Network-to-Network Interface
  • such a container can be provided with an access service by a topology-related container. Accordingly, the route of such a container can be restricted to the inside of the container, without diffusing out of the access container, thereby greatly Reduce the size of the core routing table.
  • the container “hostsrv.com” has its own corporate network in two places, which can be seen as two top-level containers “cn/gd” and "us/ca” providing access services. Therefore, only the routing table of the routing node of the routing nodes included in the two containers exists in the routing table entry of the container “hostsrv.com", and the containers other than the two containers can only pass the topology related container "cn/gd” and " The us/ca" secondary route can reach the container "hostsrv.com”. Therefore, the routing table of the node may further include a topology-independent small container routing entry, where the topology-independent small container routing entry includes a topology-independent small container.
  • the routing table for routing node R4 may include the container identifier "hostsrv.com" and the interface that is reached by R4 to R6.
  • the number of routing entries in the core routing table is substantially equal to the number of routes of the topology-related global container plus the number of routes of the topology-independent global container. Since the number of these two routes is relatively small, the total routing table size can be even smaller than the number of entries in the core routing table in today's Internet routers. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention expands the content attribute in the ICN system by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name, and limits the routing of the topology-independent small container to the topology-related container for which the access service is provided. The routing of the lower-level container of the topology-related container is restricted to the topology-related container, so that the number of entries in the core routing table is greatly reduced, and the problem of route scalability in the existing ICN system such as NDN is effectively solved.
  • the forwarding entry of the FIB table also has similar features to the routing table in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the FIB includes a global container forwarding entry, where the global container forwarding entry includes a container identifier of the global container and a first interface corresponding to the container identifier of the global container, where the first interface is connected by the local node to the global container.
  • the next hop routing node's interface, the global container is a globally routable container that includes topology-related global containers and/or topology-independent global containers.
  • the FIB further includes a topology-related container forwarding entry for routing based on the topology-related container, where the topology-related container forwarding entry is used, so that the route of the lower-level container of the container to which the local node belongs is used as the The internal route of the node does not diffuse out of the container to which the node belongs; wherein the topology-related container is a container that forms a topological relationship with other containers, and the topology relationship includes: a superior container includes one or more lower-level containers, And/or a subordinate container is included by one or more superior containers.
  • the topology-related container forwarding entry includes a container identifier that is a lower-level container with respect to the local container of the local node, and a second interface corresponding to the container identifier of the lower-level container, where the second interface is the local interface
  • the interface that is connected to the lower-level container is configured to forward the entry to the lower-level container of the container to which the local node belongs as the container to which the internal route of the local node does not diffuse out of the local node.
  • the container identifier of the lower-level container and the second interface corresponding to the container identifier of the lower-level container are such that the route of the lower-level container of the container to which the local node belongs is not the internal container of the local node.
  • the container identifier corresponding to the topology-related container has a property capable of reflecting the level of the topology-related container, thereby indicating the topology relationship formed between the topology-related container and other containers.
  • the FIB further includes a topology-independent small container forwarding entry, where the topology-independent small container forwarding entry includes a container identifier of the topology-independent small container and a third identifier corresponding to the container identifier of the topology-independent small container.
  • the third interface is an interface of the next hop routing node that is connected by the local node to the topology-independent small container.
  • Table 1 is a possible form of the routing table of the routing node R12 of the container "cn/gd".
  • the routing table entry of the routing table includes three columns, wherein the first column is the container identifier or the content name prefix, and the second column is The routing attribute of the container ID or content name prefix, which includes global or local.
  • the third column is the next hop routing node of the container corresponding to the container identifier.
  • the third column may also be the interface corresponding to the next hop routing node, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • Table 2 is a possible form of the FIB of the routing node R12.
  • the forwarding entry of the FIB includes two columns, where the first column is a container identifier or a content name prefix (prefix), and the second column is the container identifier or content name.
  • An interface corresponding to the prefix where the interface corresponding to the container identifier is an interface of the next hop routing node that is connected by the local node to the container corresponding to the container identifier.
  • a container identifier or a content name prefix may correspond to one or more interfaces, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • Table 1 Example of the form of the routing table
  • whether the container is resolvable may be a characteristic of the container, for example, the topology-related container is generally unresolvable, and the topology-independent small container is generally parsable.
  • the container resolution of some containers may also be changed according to a certain policy. For example, when the access container of a topology-independent small container is relatively fixed, the container may be set as an unresolvable container, and the content is released. When the content stored in the container is published, the container and the access container of the container may be simultaneously released. Therefore, the user equipment or the routing node may not need to query the container by the query parsing system, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the content name prefix of the requested content may match the container identifier of the home container of the requested content, or may not match the container identifier of the home container of the content, for example, the container “hostsrv.com” may The content “hostsrv.com/main.html” that matches the container ID is stored, and the content “fanlingyuan.org blog/2012/June01/main.html” that does not match the container ID can also be stored.
  • the content request packet can carry the container information of X, S and T, optionally, when the position of S changes, that is, when T is not fixed , the content name request package can also carry only X and needs
  • the routing node queries the resolution system to get T, and inserts the ⁇ into the content request packet.
  • the auxiliary route is carried out by means of the ⁇ carried in the content request packet, because there is no route matching the X and S in the FIB of the routing node of the external network, but it must include the T of the topology aggregation. Routing; After the X and S match fails, the T-Find table will be used to find the next hop. After entering T, since there must be a route to S in T, the content request packet will naturally disappear after the X match fails. The match with S is successful. At this time, the content request packet is routed by S. After entering S, X is used for routing, and there is definitely a prefix matching X in the FIB table of S.
  • the method for routing and forwarding in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table. Routing entries provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic flow diagram of a method 500 of processing a content request, which may be performed by a routing node, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 13, the method 500 includes:
  • S510 Receive a content request packet, where the content request packet carries a content name of the requested content and container information of the requested content, where the container information of the requested content includes a container identifier for identifying a container storing the requested content, and the container includes at least one route a node, through one or more of the at least one routing node, the request content can be routed within the container, or the requested content can be routed through the container;
  • the processing method of the content request in the embodiment of the present invention is increased by the content name.
  • Adding the container information of the content to expand the attributes of the content in the ICN system can reduce the dependence of the route forwarding on the content name, thereby possibly reducing the routing entries in the routing table, to solve the route scalability and mobility caused by the content name, etc. The problem is offered.
  • the container corresponding to the container identifier in the container information of the requested content carried by the content request packet constitutes a container set of the requested content.
  • the container in the container set is the storage space for storing a set of content.
  • the container set may include only one container, or may include more than two containers. Specifically, the container set may include only the home container of the requested content, and the container set may further include an access container of the home container of the request content, and the container set may further include all containers storing the requested content.
  • the content of the request may have one or more home containers.
  • the content name of the requested content may correspond to one or more home containers, and the requested content is through one or more routing nodes included in the home container. It can be routed to the home container corresponding to the content name of the requested content.
  • the home container may also have one or more access containers through which one or more routing nodes included, the request content can be routed through the access container, in particular, through the home container
  • the one or more routing nodes of the accessing container may route the content request packet to the home container, and the forwarding entry corresponding to the content name of the requested content exists in the home container, thereby passing one of the home containers or
  • the plurality of routing nodes, the request content can be directly routed to the home container, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the container in the container set may be an access container of one or more first other containers; and/or one or more
  • the second other container is an access container of the container, wherein the access container is a container that includes another container in a topological relationship and has a forwarding entry that routes the content request packet to the other container.
  • the second container includes the first container and the second container has a forwarding entry that routes the content request packet to the first container
  • the second container is an access container of the first container, but Embodiments of the invention are not limited thereto.
  • the container information of the request content includes container information of each container in the container set, wherein the container information may include a container identifier of the container.
  • the container information may further include a parsing identifier, where the parsing identifier is used to identify whether the container is The analysis, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the content name of the requested content and the container information of the requested content may form a tree whose root name is the content of the requested content, and the child node of the root node represents container information of the home container of the requested content, first
  • the container corresponding to the container information represented by the node is an access container of the container corresponding to the container information represented by the parent node of the first node, and the first node is another node in the tree except the root node and the child node of the root node.
  • the content name of the requested content and the container information of the requested content may further form a directed acyclic graph with the content name of the requested content as an entry vertex, and the endpoint of the directed edge initiated from the entry vertex represents the request
  • the container information of the belonging container of the content, the container corresponding to the container information represented by the second vertex in the acyclic graph is the access container of the container corresponding to the container information represented by the first vertex, and the first vertex is the directed
  • S520 determining, according to the content name of the requested content and the container information of the requested content, the forwarding route of the content request packet, including:
  • the publication item includes a preset container identifier and an interface corresponding to the preset container identifier
  • the routing node first matches the prefix of the content name of the request content with the content name prefix in the forwarding entry of the FIB. When there is no forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the content name of the requested content, the routing node requests the content of the request.
  • the container ID of each container in the container set matches the preset container ID in the FIB forwarding entry. When there is at least one container in the container set, the container ID has a matching forwarding entry in the FIB.
  • the node sends the content request packet according to the interface in the matching forwarding entry.
  • the embodiment of the present invention only expands the content name of the content request package, and the content name in the data packet still adopts the name of the ISN system such as the NDN in the prior art, and does not include any container.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention can preserve the security of an existing IDN system such as an NDN. Therefore, the processing method of the content request in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table.
  • the routing table entry provides the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic flowchart of a method 600 for establishing a routing table according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method may be performed by any suitable device, for example, may be performed by a routing node, or may be performed by an independent device that establishes a routing table. This embodiment of the present invention does not limit this.
  • the routing node performing method 600 or the routing node corresponding to the generated routing table is referred to as the local node.
  • the method 600 includes:
  • a routing table of the local node to generate a forwarding information table FIB according to the routing table, where the routing table includes a global container routing entry, where the global container routing entry includes a container identifier of the global container and a container identifier of the global container.
  • the first interface is an interface of the next hop routing node that is connected by the local node to the global container
  • the global container is a globally routable container
  • the global container includes a topology-related global container and / or topology-independent global container.
  • the method for establishing a routing table in the embodiment of the present invention by adding the container information of the content to the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system, the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name can be reduced, thereby possibly reducing the routing table.
  • the routing table entry provides the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • the FIB of the local node can be generated according to the routing table generated by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the FIB may be a FIB in a method of routing forwarding and a processing method of a content request according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is specifically used to: when the local node receives the content request packet, the content name of the request content carried by the content request packet and The container identifier in the container information matches the forwarding entry in the FIB to determine the forwarding route of the content request packet.
  • the embodiment of the present invention divides all containers into three types: topological related containers, topologically unrelated large containers, and topologically unrelated small containers.
  • the topological related container is a container that forms a topological relationship with other containers.
  • the topological relationship includes: one upper level container includes one or more lower level containers, and/or one lower level container is included by one or more upper level containers.
  • a lower-level container is called a lower-level container of a higher-level container
  • a higher-level container is called a higher-level container of a lower-level container
  • a lower-level container can be accessed by its superior container.
  • Service that is, the container of this higher level is the access container of its subordinate container.
  • a global container is a globally routable container that includes the highest level of topology-related containers and topologically unrelated large containers in topological relationships.
  • other topology-related containers other than the topology-related global container are provided with access containers by the upper-level container, and the topology-independent small container can be provided with access services by the topology-related container.
  • the route can be divided into a global route and a local route.
  • the global route includes the route of the global container, and the local route includes the route of the topology-related container and the route of the topology-independent small container.
  • Global routes can be spread throughout the network, and local routes can be spread only in parts of the network.
  • global routing can be included in the routing tables of all routing nodes, and only routing tables in some routing nodes. Including local routing.
  • the route of the global container may exist in the routing table of any routing node, and the routes of the topology related container and the topology-independent small container other than the global container exist only in the access relationship in the topology relationship.
  • the container includes a routing node in the routing table that never diffuses out of its access container.
  • the routing table of the node may include a global container routing table entry, where the global container routing table entry includes a container identifier of the global container and a first interface corresponding to the container identifier of the global container, where the first interface is connected by the local node to the global interface.
  • the next hop of the container routes the interface of the node.
  • the routing table of the local node may further include a local area route, that is, the topology related container routing entry and the topology independent small container routing entry.
  • the routing table further includes a topology-related container routing entry for routing based on the topology-related container, and the topology-related container routing entry is used to make the route of the lower-level container of the container to which the local node belongs.
  • the internal route of the node does not spread out the container to which the node belongs.
  • the topology-related container routing entry includes a lower-level container identifier that is a lower-level container with respect to the local container of the local node, and a second interface corresponding to the lower-level container identifier, where the second interface is connected by the local node.
  • the route of the subordinate container of the container to which the local node belongs is the container to which the local node of the local node does not diffuse out of the container to which the node belongs, including:
  • the corresponding second interface is configured such that the route of the lower-level container of the container to which the local node belongs is a container to which the internal node of the local node does not diffuse out of the local node.
  • the container identifier corresponding to the topology-related container has a property capable of reflecting the level of the topology-related container, thereby indicating the topology relationship between the topology-related container and other containers.
  • the routing table further includes a topology-independent small container routing entry, where the topology-independent small container routing entry includes a container identifier of the topology-independent small container and a corresponding to the container identifier of the topology-independent small container.
  • the third interface is an interface of the next hop routing node that is connected by the local node to the topology-independent small container.
  • topology-independent large containers may also be provided with access services by the topology-related containers. At this time, these topology-independent large containers are not required as internal routes of their access containers. The container is diffused out of the access container, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the number of routing entries of the core routing table is substantially equal to "the number of routes of the global container associated with the topology" plus “the number of routes of the topology-independent global container". Since the number of these two routes is relatively small, the total routing table size can be even smaller than the number of entries in the core routing table in the Internet router today. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention expands the content attribute in the ICN system by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name, and limits the routing of the small-access topology-independent container to the topology related to providing the access service.
  • the routing of the lower-level container in the container and the topology-related container is restricted to the topology-related container, so that the number of entries in the core routing table is greatly reduced, and the problem of route scalability in the existing ICN system such as NDN is effectively solved.
  • a method for routing forwarding, a method for processing a content request, and a method for constructing a routing table according to an embodiment of the present invention are described in detail from the perspective of a routing node, and will be described below with reference to FIG. 16 to FIG.
  • a method of acquiring content according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in the perspective of a user equipment.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic flow diagram of a method 700 of obtaining content, which may be performed by a user equipment, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 16, the method 700 includes:
  • Routing entries provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • the container corresponding to the container identifier in the container information of the requested content carried by the content request packet constitutes a container set of the requested content.
  • the container in the container set is the storage space used to store a set of content.
  • the container set may include only one container, or may include more than two containers. Specifically, the container set may include only the home container of the requested content, and the container set may further include an access container of the home container of the request content, and the container set may further include all containers storing the requested content.
  • the content of the request may have one or more home containers.
  • the content name of the requested content may correspond to one or more home containers, and the requested content is through one or more routing nodes included in the home container. It can be routed to the home container corresponding to the content name of the requested content.
  • the home container may also have one or more access containers through which one or more routing nodes included, the request content can be routed through the access container, in particular, through the home container
  • the one or more routing nodes of the accessing container may route the content request packet to the home container, and the forwarding entry corresponding to the content name of the requested content exists in the home container, thereby passing one of the home containers or
  • the plurality of routing nodes, the request content can be directly routed to the home container, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the container in the container set may be an access container of one or more first other containers; and/or one or more
  • the second other container is an access container of the container, wherein the access container is a container that includes another container in a topological relationship and has a forwarding entry that routes the content request packet to the other container.
  • the second container includes the first container and the second container has a forwarding entry that routes the content request packet to the first container
  • the second container is an access container of the first container, but Embodiments of the invention are not limited thereto.
  • the container information of the request content includes container information of each container in the container set, wherein
  • the container information may include a container identifier of the container.
  • the container information may further include a parsing identifier, where the parsing identifier is used to identify whether the container is resolvable, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the method 700 further includes:
  • S710 generating a content request package, including:
  • S710a Generate a content request packet according to the acquired container information of the requested content. Therefore, in the method for obtaining content in the embodiment of the present invention, by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system, the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name can be reduced, thereby possibly reducing the routing table. Routing entries provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • the container identifier in the container information of the requested content obtained by the foregoing may correspond to a parsable container, and the user equipment may query the parsing system to parse the parsable container to obtain an access container of the parsable container, and The container information of the access container of the parsable container is added to the container information of the requested content. Therefore, optionally, as another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 17, the method 700 further includes:
  • S710 generating a content request package, including:
  • the user equipment may further determine whether the parsed access container is resolvable, and continue to parse the access container when the access container is parsable, to obtain an access container of the access container, and so on. Until the parsed access container is unresolvable, the complete parsing of the container corresponding to the container identifier in the container information is completed. Therefore, optionally, as another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18, the method 700 further includes:
  • S750 Determine, according to the container information of the requested content, all the parsable containers of the requested content. Accessing the container, and adding the container information of the access container of the all parsable container to the container information of the requested content;
  • S710 generating a content request package, including:
  • S710c Generate a content request packet according to the container information of the request content of the container information of the access container to which the all parsable containers are added.
  • the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name can be reduced, thereby possibly reducing the routing table. Routing entries provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • the user equipment adds the access container of the parsable container to the content request packet, the number of times the routing node resolves the container when forwarding the content request packet or reduces the number of parsing times to zero, and speeds up the content request. The forwarding progress of the package.
  • FIG. 16 to FIG. 18 a method for acquiring content according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail from the perspective of a user equipment.
  • FIG. 19 to FIG. 20 a content according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described from the perspective of a content publisher. The method of publishing content.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic flow diagram of a method 800 of publishing content, which may be performed by any suitable device, for example, may be performed by a content publisher, or may be performed by a separate device that publishes content, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Embodiments of the invention are not limited thereto.
  • the following is an example of a content publisher execution. As shown in FIG. 19, the method 800 includes:
  • the content information includes a content name of the content and container information of each container in the container set, so that the user equipment generates a content request package according to the information of the content, and sends the content request packet to the network device and
  • the routing node determines the forwarding route of the content request packet according to the information of the content carried by the content request packet.
  • the container in the container set is a storage space for storing a set of contents.
  • the container set may include only one container, or may include more than two containers. Specifically, the container set may include only the home container of the requested content, where the requested content may have one or more home containers, and correspondingly, the content name of the requested content may correspond to one or more home containers, One or more routing nodes included in the home container, the request content can be routed to the home container corresponding to the content name of the requested content.
  • the home container may also have one or more access containers through which one or more routing nodes included, the request content can be routed through the access container, in particular, through the home container
  • the one or more routing nodes of the accessing container may route the content request packet to the home container, and the forwarding entry corresponding to the content name of the requested content exists in the home container, thereby passing one of the home containers or
  • the plurality of routing nodes, the request content can be directly routed to the home container, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the container set may further include an access container of the home container of the requested content, optionally, the container set is further It can include all containers that store the requested content.
  • the container information of the requested content includes container information of each container in the container set, wherein the container information may include a container identification of the container.
  • the content publisher may not include the access container of the at least one container in the container set to ensure the durability of the container set. And, the content publisher can also register the correspondence between the at least one container and its access container to the parsing system, so that the at least one container is set as a resolvable container, and the at least one container can change the access to the container in real time. Notifying the resolution system, and the user equipment and the routing node query the resolution system to obtain the access container of the at least one container. This ensures the persistence of the container set of content while maintaining the flexibility of the interior. Therefore, optionally, as shown in FIG. 20, the method 800 further includes:
  • the container information may further include a parsing identifier, where the parsing identifier is used to identify whether the container is resolvable, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • Routing entries provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • the method for routing forwarding, the processing method for content request, the method for establishing a routing table, the method for acquiring content, and the method for publishing content according to an embodiment of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. Up to FIG. 40, a router, a device for establishing a routing table, a user device, and an apparatus for distributing content according to an embodiment of the present invention are described in detail.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic block diagram of a router 900 according to an embodiment of the present invention, including:
  • the receiving module 910 is configured to receive a content request packet, where the content request packet carries a content name of the requested content and container information of the requested content, where the container information of the requested content includes a container identifier for identifying a container storing the requested content;
  • the first determining module 920 is configured to determine, in the forwarding information table FIB, whether there is a forwarding entry that matches the content name of the requested content carried by the content request packet received by the receiving module 910;
  • a second determining module 930 configured to: when the first determining module 920 determines that there is no forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the content name of the requested content, determine whether the FIB exists in the container information of the requested content.
  • the container identifier matches the forwarding entry, and the forwarding entry in the FIB includes a preset container identifier and an interface corresponding to the preset container identifier.
  • the sending module 940 is configured to: when the second determining module 930 determines that there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content, send the content according to the interface in the matching forwarding entry. Request package.
  • the router of the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system. Therefore, it is possible to reduce routing entries in the routing table, and provide possibilities for solving problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • the content request packet received by the receiving module 910 may carry only the container information of one container, and may also carry the container information of two or more containers.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • This container is a storage space for storing a set of content.
  • the set of content includes one or more content.
  • the container includes at least one routing node through which one or more of the at least one routing node can be routed to, or the requested content can be routed through the container.
  • the container corresponds to one or more content names, and the content name of the requested content corresponds to one or more home containers, and the requested content can be routed to the home container corresponding to the content name of the requested content.
  • the container is an access container of one or more first other containers; and/or one or more second other containers are access containers for the container; wherein the access container includes another in a topological relationship
  • the container and there is a container that routes the content request packet to the forwarding entry of the other container. Specifically, when the second container includes the first container and the forwarding container entry for routing the content request packet to the first container exists in the second container, the second container is an access container of the first container.
  • the container information of the container includes the container identifier of the container, and optionally, the container information further includes a parsing identifier corresponding to the container identifier, where the parsing identifier is used to identify whether the container corresponding to the container identifier is As shown in FIG. 22, the second determining module 930 includes:
  • a first parsing unit 931 configured to parse, according to the parsing identifier, a container identifier of an access container of all parsable containers that obtain the requested content;
  • the first determining unit 932 is specifically configured to: the container identifier in the container information of the requested content and the container identifier of the access container of all parsable containers of the requested content obtained by the first parsing unit 931 and the FIB
  • the preset container identifier is matched to determine whether there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content and the container identifier of the access container.
  • the router further includes:
  • the first adding module 945 is configured to add the container information of the access container of all parsable containers of the requested content obtained by the first parsing unit 931 to the container information of the requested content. Therefore, the router in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ISN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table in the routing table. Item, to provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • the container information further includes a resolution identifier corresponding to the container identifier, where the identifier is used to identify whether the container corresponding to the container identifier is resolvable; as shown in FIG. 23, the router 900 Also includes:
  • the first parsing module 950 is configured to: when the second determining module 940 determines that there is no forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content, according to the parsing identifier, parse and obtain the container The container ID of the container;
  • the second determining module 940 is further configured to match the container identifier of the access container obtained by parsing the first parsing module 950 with the preset container identifier in the FIB, to determine whether the FIB exists in the FIB.
  • the container of the access container identifies the matching forwarding entry.
  • the router 900 further includes: a second adding module 955, configured to add the container information of the access container obtained by parsing the first parsing module 950 to the request The container information of the content.
  • the forwarding entry in the FIB includes an interface corresponding to the content name prefix and the content name prefix, and correspondingly, the first determining module 920 is specifically configured to use the content name according to the requested content. Whether the prefix matches the content name prefix in the forwarding entry in the FIB, and determines whether there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the content name of the requested content;
  • the sending module 940 is further configured to: when the first determining module 920 determines that there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the content name of the request content, send the content request packet according to the interface in the matching forwarding entry.
  • the router 900 further includes: a third determining module 960, configured to determine, by the first determining module 920, whether there is a content name matching the requested content in the FIB. Before forwarding the entry, determining whether there is content matching the content name of the requested content in the content storage table CS;
  • the sending module 940 is further configured to: when the third determining module 960 determines that the CS exists and the request When the content name of the content matches the content, the matched content is sent to the sending end of the content requesting package; the first determining module 920 is further configured to: when the third determining module 960 determines that the CS does not exist and the requested content When the content name matches the content, the step of determining whether there is a forwarding entry matching the content name of the requested content in the FIB is performed.
  • the router 900 further includes: a fourth determining module 965, configured to: when the third determining module 960 determines that the content name of the requested content does not exist in the CS When the content is matched, it is determined whether there is a PIT entry in the resident information table PIT that matches the content name of the requested content;
  • the update module 970 is configured to: when the fourth determining module 965 determines that there is a PIT entry in the PIT that matches the content name of the requested content, add an interface corresponding to the sending end of the content request packet to the matched PIT table.
  • the first determining module 920 is further configured to: when the fourth determining module 965 determines that there is no PIT entry in the PIT that matches the content name of the requested content, perform the determining whether the content name of the requested content exists in the FIB. The step of matching the forwarding entry.
  • the sending module 940 is further configured to: when the forwarding entry that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content does not exist in the FIB, send the content request packet according to a default interface; Or
  • the router 900 also includes:
  • the discarding module 975 is configured to discard the content request packet when there is no forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content.
  • the router in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ISN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table in the routing table. Item, to provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • the embodiment of the present invention divides all containers into three types: topological related containers, topologically unrelated large containers, and topologically unrelated small containers.
  • the topological related container is a container that forms a topological relationship with other containers.
  • the topological relationship includes: one upper level container includes one or more lower level containers, and/or one lower level container is included by one or more upper level containers.
  • a lower-level container is called a lower-level container of a higher-level container
  • a higher-level container is called a higher-level container of a lower-level container
  • a lower-level container can be accessed by its superior container.
  • Service that is, the container of this higher level is the access container of its subordinate container.
  • a global container is a globally routable container that includes the highest level of topology-related containers and topologically unrelated large containers in topological relationships.
  • other topology-related containers other than the topology-related global container are provided with access containers by the upper-level container, and the topology-independent small container can be provided with access services by the topology-related container.
  • the route of the global container may exist in the routing table of any routing node, and the routes of the topology related container and the topology-independent small container other than the global container exist only in the topology relationship. Into the routing table of the routing node included in the container, never out of its access container.
  • the FIB includes a global container forwarding entry, where the global container forwarding entry includes a container identifier of the global container, and a first interface corresponding to the container identifier of the global container, the first interface Is the interface of the next hop routing node that is connected by the local node to the global container.
  • the global container is a globally routable container, and the global container includes a topology-related global container and/or a topology-independent global container.
  • the FIB further includes a topology-related container forwarding entry for routing based on the topology-related container, where the topology-related container forwarding entry is used, so that the route of the lower-level container of the container to which the local node belongs is used as the The internal route of the node does not diffuse out of the container to which the node belongs;
  • the topological related container is a container that forms a topological relationship with other containers, and the topological relationship includes: one upper level container includes one or more lower level containers, and/or one lower level container is included by one or more upper level containers .
  • the topology-related container forwarding entry includes a container identifier that is a lower-level container with respect to the local container of the local node, and a second interface corresponding to the container identifier of the lower-level container, where the second interface is the local interface
  • the interface that reaches the lower-level container is forwarded; correspondingly, the forwarding entry is forwarded by the topology-related container, so that the route of the lower-level container of the container to which the local node belongs is not diffused from the internal route of the local node.
  • Container including:
  • the container identifier corresponding to the topology-related container has a property capable of reflecting the level of the topology-related container, thereby indicating the topology relationship formed between the topology-related container and other containers.
  • the FIB further includes a topology-independent small container forwarding entry, where the topology-independent small container forwarding entry includes a container identifier of the topology-independent small container and a third identifier corresponding to the container identifier of the topology-independent small container.
  • the third interface is an interface of the next hop routing node that is connected by the local node to the topology-independent small container.
  • the embodiment of the present invention expands the content attribute in the ICN system by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name, and limits the routing of the topology-independent small container to the topology-related container for providing the access service thereto.
  • the routing of the lower-level container of the topology-related container is restricted to the topology-related container, so that the number of entries in the core routing table is greatly reduced, and the problem of route scalability in the existing ICN system such as NDN is effectively solved.
  • the router 900 may correspond to the apparatus in the method of route forwarding according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the above and other operations and/or functions of the respective modules in the router 900 are respectively implemented in FIG. 1 to FIG. The corresponding process of each method, in order to avoid repetition, will not be repeated here.
  • the router in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ISN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table in the routing table. Item, to provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic block diagram of a router 1000 according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 26, the router 1000 includes:
  • the receiving module 1010 is configured to receive a content request packet, where the content request packet carries a content name of the requested content and container information of the requested content, where the container information of the requested content includes a container identifier for identifying a container storing the requested content, the container Included by at least one routing node, the request content can be routed within the container through one or more routing nodes of the at least one routing node, or the requested content can be routed through the container;
  • a determining module 1020 configured to carry the content according to the content request packet received by the receiving module 1010
  • the content name of the requested content and the container information of the requested content determine a forwarding route of the content request packet. Therefore, the router in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ISN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table in the routing table. Item, to provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • the content request packet may carry only the container information of one container, and may also carry the container information of two or more containers.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the container information of the container includes the container identifier of the container.
  • the container information of the container may further include the analytical identifier of the container, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • This container is a storage space for storing a set of content.
  • the content name of the requested content corresponds to one or more home containers
  • the home container of the requested content is a container that can be directly routed to the requested content, where the forwarding table corresponding to the content name of the requested content exists. item.
  • the container is an access container of one or more first other containers; and/or one or more second other containers are access containers of the container; wherein the access container is in a topological relationship Another container is included, and there is a container that routes the content request packet to the forwarding entry of the other container.
  • the second container includes the first container and the forwarding container entry for routing the content request packet to the first container exists in the second container, the second container is an access container of the first container.
  • the determining module 1020 includes: a first determining unit 1021, configured to determine whether a forwarding table matching the content name of the requested content exists in the forwarding information table FIB Item
  • the second determining unit 1022 is configured to: when the first determining unit 1021 determines that there is no forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the content name of the requested content, determine whether the FIB exists in the container information of the requested content.
  • the container identifier matches the forwarding entry, and the forwarding entry in the FIB includes a preset container identifier and an interface corresponding to the preset container identifier.
  • the sending unit 1023 is configured to: when the second determining unit 1022 determines that there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content, send the content according to the interface in the matched forwarding entry. Request package.
  • the content name of the requested content and the container information of the requested content are formed within the request
  • the content of the content is a tree of the root node, and the child node of the root node represents the container information of the home container of the requested content, and the container corresponding to the container information represented by the first node is the container information represented by the parent node of the first node.
  • the access container of the container, the first node is other nodes in the tree except the root node and the child nodes of the root node.
  • the content name of the requested content and the container information of the requested content form a directed acyclic graph with the content name of the requested content as an entry vertex, and the directed edge initiated from the entry vertex
  • the end point represents the container information of the home container of the requested content
  • the container corresponding to the container information represented by the second vertex in the directed acyclic graph is the access container of the container corresponding to the container information represented by the first vertex, the first vertex Is the other vertex except the entry vertex in the directed acyclic graph, the second vertex being the end point of the directed edge initiated from the first vertex.
  • the tree structure or the directed acyclic graph structure may be represented in a text format, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the router 1000 may correspond to a router in a processing method of a content request according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the above-described and other operations and/or functions of respective modules in the router 1000 are respectively implemented to implement FIGS. 13 and 14
  • the corresponding process of each method in the process, in order to avoid repetition, will not be repeated here.
  • the router in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ISN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table in the routing table. Item, to provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 1100 for establishing a routing table in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device may be a router or a separate device in the network, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the apparatus 1100 includes:
  • the generating module 1110 is configured to generate a routing table of the local node, to generate a forwarding information table FIB according to the routing table, where the routing table includes a global container routing entry, where the global container routing entry includes a container identifier of the global container and the global The container of the container identifies a corresponding first interface, and the first interface is an interface that is connected by the local node to a next hop routing node of the global container, where the global container is a globally routable container, and the global container includes a topology related Global container and/or topology-independent global Gu Bei,
  • the storage module 1120 is configured to store a routing table generated by the generating module 1110.
  • the FIB of the local node can be generated according to the routing table generated by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the FIB may be a FIB in a method of routing forwarding and a processing method of a content request according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is specifically used to: when the local node receives the content request packet, the content name of the request content carried by the content request packet and The container identifier in the container information matches the forwarding entry in the FIB to determine the forwarding route of the content request packet.
  • Embodiments of the present invention divide all containers into three types: topological related containers, topologically unrelated large containers, and topologically unrelated small containers.
  • the topological related container is a container that forms a topological relationship with other containers.
  • the topological relationship includes: one upper level container includes one or more lower level containers, and/or one lower level container is included by one or more upper level containers.
  • the lower level container is called the lower level container of the higher level container
  • the higher level container is called the upper level container of the lower level container, which is higher
  • a low container can be provided with access services by its superior container, ie, the higher level container is the access container for its lower level container.
  • a global container is a globally routable container that includes the highest level of topology-related containers and topologically unrelated large containers in topological relationships.
  • other topology-related containers other than the topology-related global container are provided with access containers by the upper-level container, and the topology-independent small container can be provided with access services by the topology-related container.
  • the route of the global container may exist in the routing table of any routing node, and the routes of the topology related container and the topology-independent small container other than the global container exist only in the topology relationship. Into the routing table of the routing node included in the container, never out of its access container.
  • the routing table of the node may include a global container routing table entry, where the global container routing table entry includes a container identifier of the global container and a first interface corresponding to the container identifier of the global container, where the first interface is connected by the local node to the global interface.
  • the next hop of the container routes the interface of the node.
  • the routing table of the local node may further include a local area route, that is, the topology related container routing entry and the topology independent small container routing entry may also be included.
  • the routing table further includes a topology-related container routing entry for routing based on the topology-related container, and the topology-related container routing entry is used to make the route of the lower-level container of the container to which the local node belongs. Internal path of this node The container to which the node belongs is not diffused.
  • the topology-related container routing entry includes a lower-level container identifier that is a lower-level container with respect to the local container of the local node, and a second interface corresponding to the lower-level container identifier, where the second interface is connected by the local node.
  • the route of the subordinate container of the container to which the local node belongs is the container to which the local node of the local node does not diffuse out of the container to which the node belongs, including:
  • the container identifier corresponding to the topology-related container has a property capable of reflecting the level of the topology-related container, thereby indicating the topology relationship between the topology-related container and other containers.
  • the routing table further includes a topology-independent small container routing entry, where the topology-independent small container routing entry includes a container identifier of the topology-independent small container and a corresponding to the container identifier of the topology-independent small container.
  • the third interface is an interface of the next hop routing node that is connected by the local node to the topology-independent small container.
  • topology-independent large containers may also be provided with access services by the topology-related containers. At this time, these topology-independent large containers are not required as internal routes of their access containers. The container is diffused out of the access container, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the number of routing entries of the core routing table is substantially equal to "the number of routes of the global container associated with the topology" plus “the number of routes of the topology-independent global container". Since the number of these two routes is relatively small, the total routing table size can be even smaller than the number of entries in the core routing table in the Internet router today. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention expands the content attribute in the ICN system by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name, and limits the routing of the small-access topology-independent container to the topology related to providing the access service.
  • the routing of the lower-level container in the container and the topology-related container is restricted to the topology-related container, so that the number of entries in the core routing table is greatly reduced, and the problem of route scalability in the existing ICN system such as NDN is effectively solved.
  • the apparatus 1100 for establishing a routing table according to an embodiment of the present invention may correspond to an apparatus in a method of establishing a routing table according to an embodiment of the present invention, and each module in the apparatus 1100 that establishes a routing table
  • the above and other operations and/or functions are respectively implemented in order to implement the corresponding processes of the respective methods in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 29 is a schematic block diagram of a user equipment 1200 according to an embodiment of the present invention, including: a generating module 1210, configured to generate a content request packet, where the content request packet carries a content name of the requested content and container information of the requested content, the request content Container information includes a container identifier for identifying a container storing the requested content;
  • a generating module 1210 configured to generate a content request packet, where the content request packet carries a content name of the requested content and container information of the requested content, the request content Container information includes a container identifier for identifying a container storing the requested content;
  • the sending module 1220 is configured to send the content request packet generated by the generating module 1210 to the network device, so that the network device determines a forwarding route of the content request packet according to the content name of the requested content and the container information of the requested content.
  • the user equipment in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system, thereby possibly reducing the route in the routing table.
  • the entry provides a possibility to solve problems such as route extensibility and mobility caused by content names.
  • the content name of the requested content corresponds to one or more home containers
  • the home container of the requested content is a container that can be directly routed to the requested content.
  • the container includes at least one routing node
  • the request content can be routed within the container through one or more routing nodes of the at least one routing node, or the requested content can be routed through the container to .
  • the container information further includes a resolution identifier corresponding to the container identifier, where the resolution identifier is used to identify whether the container corresponding to the container identifier is resolvable.
  • the user equipment 1200 further includes: an obtaining module 1230, configured to acquire container information of the requested content before the generating module generates the content request packet;
  • the generating module 1210 is specifically configured to generate a content request packet according to the container information of the requested content acquired by the obtaining module 1230.
  • the user equipment 1200 further includes: a first determining module 1240, configured to determine, according to the container information of the requested content acquired by the obtaining module 1230, access of the container container;
  • the first update module 1250 is configured to add the container information of the access container determined by the first determining module 1240 to the container information of the requested content;
  • the generating module 1210 is specifically configured to generate a content request packet according to the container information of the request content updated by the first update module 1250.
  • the user equipment 1200 further includes: a second determining module 1260, configured to determine, according to the container information of the requested content acquired by the obtaining module 1230, all of the requested content. An access container that can resolve the container;
  • a second update module 1270 configured to add container information of the access container of the all resolvable containers determined by the second determining module 1260 to the container information of the requested content
  • the generating module 1210 is specifically configured to generate a content request packet according to the container information of the requested content updated by the second updating module 1270.
  • the user equipment 1200 may correspond to the apparatus in the method of acquiring content according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the above and other operations and/or functions of the respective modules in the user equipment 1200 are respectively implemented in order to implement FIG. 16 to FIG.
  • the corresponding flow of each method in 18, in order to avoid repetition, will not be repeated here.
  • the user equipment in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system, thereby possibly reducing the route in the routing table.
  • the entry provides a possibility to solve problems such as route extensibility and mobility caused by content names.
  • Figure 33 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 1300 for distributing content in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 33, the apparatus 1300 includes:
  • a determining module 1310 a container set for determining content, and container information of each container in the container set, the container set including at least one container storing the content;
  • the publishing module 1320 is configured to publish the content and the information of the content, where the information of the content includes the content name of the content and the container information of each container in the container set determined by the determining module 1310, so that the user generates content according to the information of the content.
  • the packet is requested and sent to the network device and the routing node determines the forwarding route of the content request packet according to the information of the content carried by the content request packet.
  • the apparatus for distributing content is added by the content name.
  • Container information to expand the attributes of the content in the ICN system which can reduce the dependence of route forwarding on content names, thereby reducing routing entries in the routing table, to solve the problem of route scalability and mobility caused by content names. Provide possibilities.
  • the container information includes a container identifier.
  • the container includes at least one routing node
  • the request content can be routed within the container through one or more routing nodes of the at least one routing node, or the requested content can be routed through the container to .
  • the content name of the content corresponds to one or more home containers
  • the home container of the requested content is a container that can be directly routed to the requested content.
  • the apparatus 1300 further includes: a registration module 1330, configured to register at least one container of the container set and an access container of the at least one container to a resolution system, So that the user or the routing node obtains the access container of the at least one container by querying the resolution system.
  • a registration module 1330 configured to register at least one container of the container set and an access container of the at least one container to a resolution system, So that the user or the routing node obtains the access container of the at least one container by querying the resolution system.
  • the container information includes: a container identifier and a resolution identifier, where the resolution identifier is used to identify whether the container is resolvable.
  • the apparatus 1300 for distributing content according to an embodiment of the present invention may correspond to the apparatus in the method of acquiring content according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the above-described and other operations and/or functions of the respective modules in the apparatus 1300 for distributing the content are respectively implemented
  • the corresponding processes of the respective methods in FIG. 19 to FIG. 20 are not repeated herein to avoid repetition.
  • the apparatus for distributing content in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table. Routing entries provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • FIG. 35 is a schematic block diagram of a router 1400 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the router 1400 includes: a receiver 1410, a memory 1420, a processor 1430, such as a CPU, and a transmitter 1440.
  • the memory 1420 is configured to store instructions to the forwarding engine, and the forwarding engine may include a forwarding information table FIB, and may also include CS and FIB, and may also include CS, PIT, and FIB.
  • the processor 1430 is configured to execute instructions stored by the memory 1420 for the forwarding engine.
  • the receiver 1410 is configured to receive a content request packet, where the content request packet carries a content name of the requested content and container information of the requested content, where the container information of the requested content includes a container identifier for identifying a container storing the requested content;
  • the processor 1430 is configured to determine whether there is a forwarding entry in the forwarding information table FIB that matches the content name of the requested content carried by the content request packet received by the receiving module 1410, and the request does not exist in the FIB.
  • the forwarding entry in the FIB includes a preset container identifier and the The interface corresponding to the preset container identifier;
  • the transmitter 1440 is configured to: when the processor 1430 determines that there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content, send the content request according to the interface in the matched forwarding entry. package.
  • the content request packet received by the receiving module 1410 may carry only container information of one container, and may also carry container information of two or more containers, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • This container is a storage space for storing a set of content.
  • the container includes at least one routing node through which one or more of the at least one routing node can be routed to the request, or the requested content can be routed through the container.
  • the content name of the request content corresponds to one or more home containers, and the home container of the requested content is a container that can be directly routed to the request content.
  • the container is an access container of one or more first other containers; and/or one or more second other containers are access containers for the container; wherein the access container includes another in a topological relationship a container, and a container for routing the content request packet to the forwarding entry of the other container, specifically, when the second container includes the first container and the second container has the content request packet routed to the first When the container forwards the entry, the second container is the access container of the first container.
  • the container information of the container includes the container identifier of the container, and optionally, the container information further includes a parsing identifier corresponding to the container identifier, where the parsing identifier is used to identify whether the container corresponding to the container identifier is
  • the processor 1430 is specifically configured to parse, according to the parsing identifier, a container identifier of an access container of all parsable containers that obtain the requested content; and a container in the container information that will parse the obtained request content Identification and all of the requested content
  • the container identifier of the access container of the parsable container is matched with the preset container identifier in the FIB to determine whether the FIB has the container identifier in the container information of the requested content and the container identifier of the access container. Forwarding entry.
  • the processor 1430 is further configured to add container information of an access container of all parsable containers of the requested content to the container information of the requested content.
  • the processor 1430 is further configured to: when the forwarding entry that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content does not exist in the FIB, obtain the container according to the parsing identifier. Accessing the container identifier of the container, and matching the container identifier of the access container obtained by the parsing with the preset container identifier in the FIB to determine whether there is a container for the access container obtained by the parsing in the FIB. Identifies the matching forwarding entry.
  • the forwarding entry in the FIB includes a content name prefix and an interface corresponding to the content name prefix; the processor 1430 is further configured to use the prefix of the content name of the requested content in the FIB. Whether the prefix of the content name in the forwarding entry matches, and determining whether there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the content name of the requested content;
  • the transmitter 1440 is further configured to: when the processor 1430 determines that there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the content name of the requested content, send the content request packet according to the interface in the matching forwarding entry.
  • the forwarding engine may further include a content storage table CS, where the processor 1430 is further configured to determine, before the forwarding entry that matches the content name of the requested content, in the FIB. Whether there is content in the CS that matches the content name of the requested content;
  • the transmitter 1440 is further configured to: when the processor 1430 determines that there is content in the CS that matches the content name of the requested content, send the matched content to the sending end of the content request packet;
  • the processor 1430 is further configured to: when the content that matches the content name of the requested content does not exist in the CS, perform the step of determining whether there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the content name of the requested content.
  • the forwarding engine may further include a CS table and a PIT table, where the processor 1430 is specifically configured to determine when the content in the CS does not match the content name of the requested content. Whether there is a PIT entry matching the content name of the requested content in the stay information table PIT, And, when there is a PIT entry in the PIT that matches the content name of the requested content, the interface corresponding to the sending end of the content request packet is added to the matched PIT entry, and the request does not exist in the PIT.
  • the step of determining whether there is a forwarding entry matching the content name of the requested content in the FIB is performed.
  • the sender 1440 is further configured to: when the forwarding entry that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content does not exist in the FIB, send the content request packet according to a default interface; Or
  • the processor 1430 is further configured to discard the content request packet when there is no forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content.
  • the router in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ISN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table in the routing table. Item, to provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • the FIB includes a global container forwarding entry, where the global container forwarding entry includes a container identifier of the global container, and a first interface corresponding to the container identifier of the global container, the first interface Is the interface of the next hop routing node that is connected by the local node to the global container.
  • the global container is a globally routable container, and the global container includes a topology-related global container and/or a topology-independent global container.
  • the FIB further includes a topology-related container forwarding entry for routing based on the topology-related container, where the topology-related container forwarding entry is used, so that the route of the lower-level container of the container to which the local node belongs is used as the The internal route of the node does not diffuse out of the container to which the node belongs;
  • the topological related container is a container that forms a topological relationship with other containers, and the topological relationship includes: one upper level container includes one or more lower level containers, and/or one lower level container is included by one or more upper level containers .
  • the topology-related container forwarding entry includes a container identifier that is a lower-level container with respect to the local container of the local node, and a second interface corresponding to the container identifier of the lower-level container, where the second interface is the local interface Connecting to the interface of the lower-level container; correspondingly, the forwarding entry is forwarded by the topology-related container, so that the route of the lower-level container of the container to which the local node belongs is used as the node of the node
  • the internal route does not spread out the container to which the node belongs, including:
  • the container identifier corresponding to the topology-related container has a property capable of reflecting the level of the topology-related container, thereby indicating the topology relationship formed between the topology-related container and other containers.
  • the FIB further includes a topology-independent small container forwarding entry, where the topology-independent small container forwarding entry includes a container identifier of the topology-independent small container and a third identifier corresponding to the container identifier of the topology-independent small container.
  • the third interface is an interface of the next hop routing node that is connected by the local node to the topology-independent small container.
  • the router 1400 may correspond to the apparatus in the method of route forwarding according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the above and other operations and/or functions of the respective modules in the router 1400 are respectively implemented in FIG. 1 to FIG. The corresponding process of each method, in order to avoid repetition, will not be repeated here.
  • the embodiment of the present invention expands the content attribute in the ICN system by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name, and limits the routing of the topology-independent small container to the topology-related container for providing the access service thereto.
  • the routing of the lower-level container of the topology-related container is restricted to the topology-related container, so that the number of entries in the core routing table is greatly reduced, and the problem of route scalability in the existing ICN system such as NDN is effectively solved.
  • the router 1500 includes: a receiver 1510, a memory 1520, and a processor 1530, such as a CPU.
  • the memory 1520 is configured to store instructions to the forwarding engine, and the forwarding engine may include FIBs, FIBs and CSs, and FIBs, CSs, and PITs.
  • the processor 1530 is configured to execute instructions stored by the memory 1520. specifically,
  • the receiver 1510 is configured to receive a content request packet, where the content request packet carries a content name of the requested content and container information of the requested content, where the container information of the requested content includes a container identifier for identifying a container storing the requested content, where The container includes at least one routing node through which one or more of the at least one routing node can be routed to the container, Or the requested content can be routed through the container;
  • the processor 1530 is configured to determine a forwarding route of the content request packet according to the content name of the request content and the container information of the requested content that are received by the receiver 1510.
  • the router in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ISN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table in the routing table. Item, to provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • the content request packet may carry only the container information of one container, and may also carry the container information of two or more containers, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the container information of the container includes the container identifier of the container.
  • the container information of the container may further include the identifier of the container. The embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • This container is a storage space for storing a set of content.
  • the content name of the requested content corresponds to one or more home containers, and the home container of the requested content is a container that can be directly routed to the requested content.
  • the container is an access container of one or more first other containers; and/or one or more second other containers are access containers of the container; wherein the access container is in a topological relationship Included on the other container, and having a container for routing the content request packet to the forwarding entry of the other container, specifically, when the second container includes the first container and the second container has the content request packet routed When the forwarding entry of the first container is reached, the second container is an access container of the first container.
  • the processor 1530 is specifically configured to determine whether a forwarding entry matching the content name of the requested content exists in the forwarding information table FIB, and the content of the request does not exist in the FIB.
  • the content name matches the forwarding entry
  • the router 1500 further includes:
  • the sender 1540 is configured to: when the processor 1530 determines that there is a forwarding entry in the FIB that matches the container identifier in the container information of the requested content, send the content request packet according to the interface in the matching forwarding entry.
  • the content name of the requested content and the container information of the requested content form a tree whose root name is the content of the requested content, and the child node of the root node represents container information of the home container of the requested content
  • the container corresponding to the container information is an access container of the container corresponding to the container information represented by the parent node of the first node, and the first node is a node other than the root node and the child node of the root node in the tree.
  • the content name of the requested content and the container information of the requested content form a directed acyclic graph with the content name of the requested content as an entry vertex, and the directed edge initiated from the entry vertex
  • the end point represents the container information of the home container of the requested content
  • the container corresponding to the container information represented by the second vertex in the directed acyclic graph is the access container of the container corresponding to the container information represented by the first vertex, the first vertex Is the other vertex except the entry vertex in the directed acyclic graph, the second vertex being the end point of the directed edge initiated from the first vertex.
  • the tree structure or the directed acyclic graph structure may be represented in a text format, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the router 1500 may correspond to a router in a processing method of a content request according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the above-described and other operations and/or functions of respective modules in the router 1500 respectively implement FIG. 13 and FIG.
  • the corresponding process of each method in the process, in order to avoid repetition, will not be repeated here.
  • the router in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ISN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table in the routing table. Item, to provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • the apparatus 1600 for establishing a routing table includes: a processor 1610, such as a CPU, and a memory 1620, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. specifically,
  • the processor 1610 is configured to generate a routing table of the local node, to generate a forwarding information table FIB according to the routing table, where the routing table includes a global container routing entry, where the global container routing entry includes a container identifier of the global container and The container of the global container is corresponding to the first interface, and the first interface is an interface of the next hop routing node that is connected by the local node to the global container, and the global container is A globally routed container that includes a topology-related global container and/or a topology-independent global database.
  • the memory 1620 is configured to store a routing table generated by the processor 1610.
  • the FIB of the local node can be generated according to the routing table generated by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the FIB may be a FIB in a method of routing forwarding and a processing method of a content request according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is specifically used to: when the local node receives the content request packet, the content name of the request content carried by the content request packet and The container identifier in the container information matches the forwarding entry in the FIB to determine the forwarding route of the content request packet.
  • Embodiments of the present invention divide all containers into three types: topological related containers, topologically unrelated large containers, and topologically unrelated small containers.
  • the topological related container is a container that forms a topological relationship with other containers.
  • the topological relationship includes: one upper level container includes one or more lower level containers, and/or one lower level container is included by one or more upper level containers.
  • the lower level container is called the lower level container of the higher level container
  • the higher level container is called the upper level container of the lower level container, which is higher
  • a low container can be provided with access services by its superior container, ie, the higher level container is the access container for its lower level container.
  • a global container is a globally routable container that includes the highest level of topology-related containers and topologically unrelated large containers in topological relationships.
  • other topology-related containers other than the topology-related global container are provided with access containers by the upper-level container, and the topology-independent small container can be provided with access services by the topology-related container.
  • the route of the global container may exist in the routing table of any routing node, and the routes of the topology related container and the topology-independent small container other than the global container exist only in the topology relationship. Into the routing table of the routing node included in the container, never out of its access container.
  • the routing table of the node may include a global container routing table entry, where the global container routing table entry includes a container identifier of the global container and a first interface corresponding to the container identifier of the global container, where the first interface is connected by the local node to the global interface.
  • the next hop of the container routes the interface of the node.
  • the routing table of the local node may further include a local area route, that is, the topology related container routing entry and the topology independent small container routing entry may also be included.
  • the routing table further includes a topology-related container routing entry for routing based on the topology-related container, by using the topology-related container path By the entry, the route of the lower-level container of the container to which the local node belongs is used as the internal route of the local node, and the container to which the local node belongs is not diffused.
  • the topology-related container routing entry includes a lower-level container identifier that is a lower-level container with respect to the local container of the local node, and a second interface corresponding to the lower-level container identifier, where the second interface is connected by the local node.
  • the route of the subordinate container of the container to which the local node belongs is the container to which the local node of the local node does not diffuse out of the container to which the node belongs, including:
  • the container identifier corresponding to the topology-related container has a property capable of reflecting the level of the topology-related container, thereby indicating the topology relationship between the topology-related container and other containers.
  • the routing table further includes a topology-independent small container routing entry, where the topology-independent small container routing entry includes a container identifier of the topology-independent small container and a corresponding to the container identifier of the topology-independent small container.
  • the third interface is an interface of the next hop routing node that is connected by the local node to the topology-independent small container.
  • topology-independent large containers may also be provided with access services by the topology-related containers. At this time, these topology-independent large containers are not required as internal routes of their access containers. The container is diffused out of the access container, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the number of routing entries of the core routing table is substantially equal to "the number of routes of the global container associated with the topology" plus “the number of routes of the topology-independent global container". Since the number of these two routes is relatively small, the total routing table size can be even smaller than the number of entries in the core routing table in the Internet router today. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention expands the content attribute in the ICN system by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name, and limits the routing of the small-access topology-independent container to the topology related to providing the access service.
  • the routing of the lower-level container in the container and the topology-related container is restricted to the topology-related container, so that the number of entries in the core routing table is greatly reduced, and the problem of route scalability in the existing ICN system such as NDN is effectively solved.
  • Apparatus 1600 for establishing a routing table in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention may correspond to an embodiment in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 39 is a schematic block diagram of a user equipment 1700 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the user equipment 1700 includes: a processor 1710, such as a CPU, and a transmitter 1720.
  • the processor 1710 is configured to generate a content request packet, where the content request packet carries a content name of the requested content and container information of the requested content, where the container information of the requested content includes a container identifier for identifying a container storing the requested content;
  • the sender 1720 is configured to send the content request packet generated by the processor 1710 to the network device, so that the network device determines a forwarding route of the content request packet according to the content name of the requested content and the container information of the requested content.
  • the user equipment in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system, thereby possibly reducing the route in the routing table.
  • the entry provides a possibility to solve problems such as route extensibility and mobility caused by content names.
  • the content name of the requested content corresponds to one or more home containers
  • the home container of the requested content is a container that can be directly routed to the requested content.
  • the container includes at least one routing node
  • the request content can be routed within the container through one or more routing nodes of the at least one routing node, or the requested content can be routed through the container to .
  • the container information further includes a resolution identifier corresponding to the container identifier, where the resolution identifier is used to identify whether the container corresponding to the container identifier is resolvable.
  • the processor 1710 is further configured to: obtain the container information of the requested content, and generate a content request packet according to the obtained container information of the requested content.
  • the processor 1710 is further configured to: obtain container information of the requested content before generating the content request packet, and generate a content request packet according to the obtained container information of the requested content.
  • the processor 1710 is further configured to: according to the requested content that is obtained.
  • the container information, the access container of the container is determined, and the container information of the access container is added to the container information of the requested content, and the content request package is generated according to the updated container information of the requested content.
  • the processor 1710 is further configured to determine, according to the acquired container information of the requested content, an access container of all parsable containers of the requested content, and the all parsable containers The container information of the access container is added to the container information of the requested content, and the content request package is generated based on the updated container information of the requested content.
  • the user equipment 1700 may correspond to the apparatus in the method of acquiring content according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the above and other operations and/or functions of the respective modules in the user equipment 1700 are respectively implemented in order to implement FIG. 16 to FIG.
  • the corresponding flow of each method in 18, in order to avoid repetition, will not be repeated here.
  • the user equipment in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system, thereby possibly reducing the route in the routing table.
  • the entry provides a possibility to solve problems such as route extensibility and mobility caused by content names.
  • FIG. 40 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 1800 for distributing content, as shown in FIG. 40, including a memory 1810, and a processor 1820, such as a CPU, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the memory 1810 is configured to store instructions
  • the processor 1820 is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory 1810. specifically,
  • the processor 1820 is configured to determine a container set of content and container information of each container in the container set, the container set includes at least one container storing the content, and information about the content and the content, the information of the content includes a content name of the content and container information of each container in the container set, so that the user generates a content request package according to the information of the content and sends the content request packet to the network device, and the routing node determines the content request according to the information of the content carried by the content request packet. The forwarding route of the packet.
  • the apparatus for distributing content in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table. Routing entries provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • the container information includes a container identifier.
  • the container includes at least one routing node
  • the request content can be routed within the container through one or more routing nodes of the at least one routing node, or the requested content can be routed through the container to .
  • the content name of the content corresponds to one or more home containers
  • the home container of the requested content is a container that can be directly routed to the requested content.
  • the processor 1820 is further configured to register the at least one container of the container set and the access container of the at least one container to the parsing system, so that the user or the routing node queries the parsing by querying The system obtains an access container for the at least one container.
  • the container information includes: a container identifier and a resolution identifier, where the resolution identifier is used to identify whether the container is resolvable.
  • the apparatus 1800 for distributing content according to an embodiment of the present invention may correspond to the apparatus in the method of acquiring content according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the above-described and other operations and/or functions of the respective modules in the apparatus 1800 for distributing the content are respectively implemented for The corresponding processes of the respective methods in FIG. 19 to FIG. 20 are not repeated herein to avoid repetition.
  • the apparatus for distributing content in the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the dependency of the route forwarding on the content name by adding the container information of the content on the basis of the content name to expand the attribute of the content in the ICN system, thereby possibly reducing the routing table. Routing entries provide the possibility to solve problems such as route scalability and mobility caused by content names.
  • the term "and/or” is merely an association relationship describing an associated object, indicating that there may be three relationships.
  • a and / or B can mean: A exists separately, there are A and B, and there are three cases of B alone.
  • the character " /" in this article generally means that the contextual object is an "or" relationship.
  • the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, or an electrical, mechanical or other form of connection.
  • the components displayed for the unit may or may not be physical units, ie may be located in one place, or may be distributed over multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the instructions include a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer).
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a USB flash drive, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (a "ROM” called a "ROM”), Random access memory (Random Access Memory, called "RAM”), A variety of media that can store program code, such as a disk or an optical disk.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种路由转发、建立路由表、和获取内容的方法及其装置。该路由转发的方法包括:接收内容请求包,该内容请求包携带请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信息;确定FIB中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项;当该FIB中不存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项时,确定该FIB中是否存在与该容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项;当该FIB中存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项时,根据该匹配的转发表项中的接口,发送该内容请求包。本发明实施例通过在内容名的基础上增加容器信息,能减少路由转发对内容名的依赖,从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项,为解决由内容名引起的路由扩展等问题提供可能。

Description

路由转发、 建立路由表、 和获取内容的方法及其装置 本申请要求于 2012 年 12 月 12 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201210535249.3、 发明名称为"路由转发、 建立路由表、 和获取内容的方法及 其装置 "的中国专利申请的优先权, 上述专利申请的全部内容通过引用结合在 本申请中。 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及通信领域, 并且更具体地, 涉及一种路由转发、 建立 路由表、 和获取内容的方法及其装置。
背景技术
虽然互联网协议(Internet Protocol, 筒称为 "IP" ) 已经取得极大的成功, 推动互联网无处不在, 但是 IP诞生之初将"终端"置于核心位置, 以目的 IP地 址和源 IP地址标识的一个个 IP包 7 载着两个终端之间的会话, 因此 IP是一 种以终端为中心的网络协议。 而今天人们使用互联网, 主要功能不是为了终 端之间的会话, 而是获取信息, 如网络新闻、 搜索引擎, 网络音乐、 网络视 频、 博客、 微博、 社交网站、 网络论坛等应用其实都是以各种信息的生产、 传播和共享为主要目的, 且人们在获取这些信息时往往并不关心从哪里获取 信息, 这是一种全新的以信息或内容为中心的新模式。 为了解决互联网应用 以信息为中心模式和 IP以终端为中心模式的不匹配问题, 研究界开始试图重 新定义互联网沙漏模型的腰部, 研究直接面向信息和内容的未来互联网新架 构。
在所有信息为中心的网络( Information Centric Network, 筒称为 "ICN" ) 架构中, 命名数据网络 (Named Data Network, 筒称为 "NDN" )的影响较大, NDN是由 Van Jacobson领导的内容为中心网络 ( Content Centric Networking, 筒称为 "CCN" )研究发展而来。 NDN和 CCN认为未来网络应该以直接基于 内容的命名和路由为基础, 采用和 URL类似的结构化内容命名, 在 NDN路 由器中通过内容存储表(Content Store, 筒称为 "CS" ) 实现緩存功能, 并通 过请求内容的内容名与转发信息表( Forwarding Information Base , 筒称为
"FIB" ) 的内容名前缀的最长匹配查找确定下一跳。 NDN也在致力于基于当 前的 IP路由器和以太网转发引擎来实现基于内容名的转发。 因此路由表容量 问题是 NDN研究关注的重要问题。 虽然 NDN试图通过名字的聚合来解决这 一问题, 但由于内容的名字空间远超 IP的地址空间, 因此, NDN面临相当严 峻的路由扩展性问题。 具体来说, 当前 Google 已经索引的统一资源定位符 / 网址(Uniform Resource Locator, 筒称为 "URL" )超过 1012个, 这样, 即使 NDN的 FIB中只放顶级域名,根据今天的网络规模, 也要达到 2xl08条路由。 如果再加入部分二、三级的名字前缀,估计路由表的规模会达到 6xl08条路由, 这个数目几乎是当前网络中边界网关协议 (Border Gateway Protocol, 筒称为
"BGP" )路由条目的两百倍, 而 BGP路由用了大约十年时间才扩展了十倍, 所以很难期忘当前的硬件如转发引擎在短期内能支持如此规模的 NDN路由 表。
针对 NDN的上述路由扩展性问题, NDN的内容命名机制提出的一种可 能的解决方案是在内容名前面增加拓朴相关的前缀, 然后再通过拓朴聚合减 在移动互联网迅速发展的今天, 无论从移动性、 多宿、 业务、 和安全角度等, 都期望内容命名做到位置无关。 另外一种解决方案在内容名的基础上引入了 路由标签的概念, 路由标签用于定义内容的位置, 用户或路由节点通过查询 名字解析系统可获得内容名对应的路由标签集合。 然而, 在兴趣包转发流程 中, 内容名只是用于緩存的查找, 真正决定兴趣包转发路由的是路由标签, 因此, 该技术方案完全弱化了内容路由的概念, 而路由标签本质上是一个位 置信息, 这和 IP并没有本质区别。 因此该技术方案更像是一个增加了内容緩 存功能的 IP路由器, 而不是真正意义上的内容路由。 另外, 该技术过于强调 两个名字空间的分离和映射系统的作用, 使其完全依赖于名字解析系统, 从 而丧失了 NDN原有的基于内容路由的很多灵活性。 因此, 如何在解决由内容 名引起的路由扩展性等问题的同时而不破坏内容路由的灵活性, 是当前 NDN 系统和其它 ICN系统研究亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种路由转发的方法、 内容请求的处理方法、 建立 路由表的方法、 获取内容的方法和发布内容的方法, 以及路由器、 建立路由 表的装置、 用户设备和发布内容的装置, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内容的 容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名的依 赖。
第一方面, 本发明实施例提供了一种路由转发的方法, 该方法包括: 接 收内容请求包, 该内容请求包携带请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信 息, 该请求内容的容器信息包括用于标识存储该请求内容的容器的容器标识; 确定转发信息表 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项; 当 该 FIB中不存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项时, 确定该 FIB中是 否存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项, 该 FIB 中的 转发表项包括预设的容器标识以及与该预设的容器标识对应的接口;当该 FIB 中存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 根据该匹 配的转发表项中的接口, 发送该内容请求包。
结合第一方面, 在第一种可能的实现方式中, 该容器是用于存储一组内 容的存储空间。
结合第一方面或结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式, 在第二种可能 的实现方式中, 该容器包括至少一个路由节点, 通过该至少一个路由节点中 的一个或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够在该容器内被路由到, 或该请求内 容能够通过该容器被路由到。
结合第一方面或结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式, 在第三种可能 的实现方式中, 该请求内容的内容名对应一个或多个归属容器, 该请求内容 的归属容器是能够直接路由到该请求内容的容器。
结合第一方面或结合第一方面的第一种至第三种可能的实现方式中的任 一种可能的实现方式, 在第四种可能的实现方式中, 该容器为一个或多个第 一其它容器的接入容器;和 /或一个或多个第二其它容器为该容器的接入容器; 其中, 该接入容器为在拓朴关系上包括另一容器, 且存在将该内容请求包路 由到该另一容器的转发表项的容器。
结合第一方面或结合第一方面的第一种至第四种可能的实现方式中的任 一种可能的实现方式, 在第五种可能的实现方式中, 该容器信息还包括与该 容器标识对应的解析标识, 该解析标识用于标识与该容器标识对应的容器是 否可解析; 该确定该 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识 匹配的转发表项, 包括: 根据该解析标识, 解析获得该请求内容的所有可解 析容器的接入容器的容器标识; 将该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识以及 该请求内容的所有可解析容器的接入容器的容器标识与该 FIB 中的预设的容 器标识进行匹配, 以确定该 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容 器标识以及该接入容器的容器标识匹配的转发表项。
结合第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式, 在第六种可能的实现方式中, 该方法还包括: 将该解析获得的该请求内容的所有可解析容器的接入容器的 容器信息添加到该请求内容的容器信息中。
结合第一方面或结合第一方面的第一种至第四种可能的实现方式中的任 一种可能的实现方式, 在第七种可能的实现方式中, 该容器信息还包括与该 容器标识对应的解析标识, 该解析标识用于标识与该容器标识对应的容器是 否可解析; 该方法还包括: 当该 FIB 中不存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的 容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 根据该解析标识, 解析获得该容器的接入容器 的容器标识; 将该解析获得的接入容器的容器标识与该 FIB 中的预设的容器 标识进行匹配, 以确定该 FIB 中是否存在与该解析获得的接入容器的容器标 识匹配的转发表项。
结合第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式, 在第八种实现方式中, 该方法 还包括: 将该解析获得的接入容器的容器信息添加到该请求内容的容器信息 中。
结合第一方面或结合第一方面的第一种至第八种可能的实现方式中的任 一种可能的实现方式, 在第九种可能的实现方式中, 该 FIB 中的转发表项包 括内容名前缀和该内容名前缀对应的接口; 该确定转发信息表 FIB 中是否存 在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项, 包括: 根据该请求内容的内容名 的前缀与该 FIB中的转发表项中的内容名前缀是否匹配, 确定该 FIB中是否 存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项; 该方法还包括: 当确定该 FIB 中存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项时, 根据该匹配的转发表项中 的接口, 发送该内容请求包。
结合第一方面或结合第一方面的第一种至第九种可能的实现方式中的任 一种可能的实现方式, 在第十种可能的实现方式中, 该方法还包括: 在该确 定 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项之前, 确定内容存 储表 CS中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的内容; 当该 CS中存在与该 请求内容的内容名匹配的内容时, 将该匹配的内容发送至该内容请求包的发 送端; 当该 CS 中不存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的内容时, 执行该确定 FIB中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项的步骤。
结合第一方面的第十种可能的实现方式, 在第十一种可能的实现方式中, 该方法还包括: 当该 CS中不存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的内容时, 确定 驻留信息表 PIT中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项; 当该 PIT 中存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项时, 将该内容请求包的发送端 对应的接口添加到该匹配的 PIT表项; 当该 PIT中不存在与该请求内容的内 容名匹配的 PIT表项时, 执行该确定 FIB中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名 匹配的转发表项的步骤。
结合第一方面或结合第一方面的第一种至第十一种可能的实现方式中的 任一种可能的实现方式, 在第十二种可能的实现方式中, 该方法还包括: 当 该 FIB 中不存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 根据默认接口发送该内容请求包, 或将该内容请求包丢弃。
结合第一方面或结合第一方面的第一种至第十二种可能的实现方式中的 任一种可能的实现方式, 在第十三种可能的实现方式中, 该 FIB 包括全局容 器转发表项, 该全局容器转发表项包括全局容器的容器标识以及与该全局容 器的容器标识对应的第一接口, 该第一接口是由本节点连接到达该全局容器 的下一跳路由节点的接口, 该全局容器是可全局路由的容器, 该全局容器包 括拓朴相关的全局容器和 /或拓朴无关的全局容器。
结合第一方面的第十三种可能的实现方式, 在第十四种可能的实现方式 中, 该 FIB还包括用于基于拓朴相关容器进行路由的拓朴相关容器转发表项, 通过该拓朴相关容器转发表项, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由 作为该本节点的内部路由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器; 其中, 该拓朴相关 容器是与其它容器形成拓朴关系的容器, 该拓朴关系包括: 一个上级容器包 括一个或多个下级容器, 和 /或一个下级容器被一个或多个上级容器所包括。
结合第一方面的第十四种可能的实现方式, 在第十五种可能的实现方式 中, 该拓朴相关容器转发表项包括相对于该本节点的归属容器为下级容器的 容器标识以及与该下级容器的容器标识对应的第二接口, 该第二接口为由该 本节点连接到达该下级容器的接口; 该通过该拓朴相关容器转发表项, 使得 该本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由作为该本节点的内部路由不扩散出该 本节点归属的容器, 包括: 通过该拓朴相关容器转发表项中的该下级容器的 容器标识以及与该下级容器的容器标识对应的第二接口, 使得该本节点归属 的容器的下级容器的路由作为该本节点的内部路由不扩散出该本节点归属的 谷备。
结合第一方面的第十四种或第十五种可能的实现方式, 在第十六种可能 的实现方式中, 该拓朴相关容器对应的容器标识具有能够反映该拓朴相关容 器的级别的性质, 从而表示该拓朴相关容器与其它容器之间形成的该拓朴关 系。
结合第一方面的第十二种至第十六种可能的实现方式中的任一种可能的 实现方式, 在第十七种可能的实现方式中, 该 FIB还包括拓朴无关小容器转 发表项, 该拓朴无关小容器转发表项包括拓朴无关小容器的容器标识以及与 该拓朴无关小容器的容器标识对应的第三接口, 该第三接口为由本节点连接 到达该拓朴无关小容器的下一跳路由节点的接口。
第二方面, 本发明实施例提供了一种内容请求的处理方法, 该方法包括: 接收内容请求包, 该内容请求包携带请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器 信息, 该请求内容的容器信息包括用于标识存储该请求内容的容器的容器标 识, 该容器包括至少一个路由节点, 通过该至少一个路由节点中的一个或多 个路由节点, 该请求内容能够在该容器内被路由到, 或该请求内容能够通过 该容器被路由到; 根据该请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信息, 确定 该内容请求包的转发路由。
结合第二方面, 在第一种可能的实现方式中, 该容器是用于存储一组内 容的存储空间。
结合第二方面或结合第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式, 在第二种可能 的实现方式中, 该请求内容的内容名对应一个或多个归属容器, 该请求内容 的归属容器是能够直接路由到该请求内容的容器。
结合第二方面或结合第二方面的第一种或第二种可能的实现方式, 在第 三种可能的实现方式中, 该容器为一个或多个第一其它容器的接入容器; 和 / 或一个或多个第二其它容器为该容器的接入容器; 其中, 该接入容器为在拓 朴关系上包括另一容器, 且存在将该内容请求包路由到该另一容器的转发表 项的容器。
结合第二方面或结合第二方面的第一种至第三种可能的实现方式中的任 一种可能的实现方式, 在第四种可能的实现方式中, 该根据该请求内容的内 容名和该请求内容的容器信息确定该内容请求包的转发路由, 包括: 确定转 发信息表 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项; 当该 FIB 中不存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项时, 确定该 FIB 中是否存在 与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项, 该 FIB 中的转发表 项包括预设的容器标识和与该预设的容器标识对应的接口; 当该 FIB 中存在 与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 根据该匹配的转 发表项中的接口, 发送该内容请求包。
结合第二方面或结合第二方面的第一种至第四种可能的实现方式中的任 一种可能的实现方式, 在第五种可能的实现方式中, 该请求内容的内容名和 该请求内容的容器信息形成以该请求内容的内容名为根节点的树, 该根节点 的子节点代表该请求内容的归属容器的容器信息, 第一节点代表的容器信息 对应的容器为该第一节点的父节点代表的容器信息对应的容器的接入容器, 该第一节点是该树中除根节点和该根节点的子节点外的其它节点。
结合第二方面或结合第二方面的第一种至第四种可能的实现方式中的任 一种可能的实现方式, 在第六种可能的实现方式中, 该请求内容的内容名和 该请求内容的容器信息形成以该请求内容的内容名为入口顶点的有向无环 图, 从该入口顶点发起的有向边的终点代表该请求内容的归属容器的容器信 息, 该有向无环图中的第二顶点代表的容器信息对应的容器是第一顶点代表 的容器信息对应的容器的接入容器, 该第一顶点是该有向无环图中除入口顶 点外的其它顶点, 该第二顶点是从该第一顶点发起的有向边的终点。
第三方面, 本发明实施例提供了一种建立路由表的方法, 该方法包括: 生成本节点的路由表, 以根据该路由表生成转发信息表 FIB, 该路由表包括全 局容器路由表项, 该全局容器路由表项包括全局容器的容器标识以及与该全 局容器的容器标识对应的第一接口, 该第一接口是由该本节点连接到达该全 局容器的下一跳路由节点的接口, 该全局容器是可全局路由的容器, 该全局 容器包括拓朴相关的全局容器和 /或拓朴无关的全局容器。
结合第三方面, 在第一种可能的实现方式中, 该 FIB表用于当该本节点 接收到内容请求包时, 将该内容请求包携带的请求内容的内容名和容器信息 中的容器标识与该 FIB 中的转发表项进行匹配, 以确定该内容请求包的转发 路由。
结合第三方面或结合第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式, 在第二种可能 的实现方式中, 该路由表还包括用于基于拓朴相关容器进行路由的拓朴相关 容器路由表项, 通过该拓朴相关容器路由表项, 使得该本节点归属的容器的 下级容器的路由作为该本节点的内部路由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器; 其 中, 该拓朴相关容器是与其它容器形成拓朴关系的容器, 该拓朴关系包括: 一个上级容器包括一个或多个下级容器, 和 /或一个下级容器被一个或多个上 级容器所包括。
结合第三方面的第二种可能的实现方式, 在第三种可能的实现方式中, 该拓朴相关容器路由表项包括相对于该本节点的归属容器为下级容器的下级 容器标识以及与该下级容器标识对应的第二接口, 该第二接口为由该本节点 连接到达该下级容器的接口; 该通过该拓朴相关容器路由表项, 使得该本节 点归属的容器的下级容器的路由作为该本节点的内部路由不扩散出该本节点 归属的容器, 包括: 通过该拓朴相关容器路由表项中的下级容器标识以及与 该下级容器标识对应的第二接口, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路 由作为该本节点的内部路由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器。
结合第三方面的第二种或第三种可能的实现方式, 在第四种可能的实现 方式中, 该拓朴相关容器对应的容器标识具有能够反映该拓朴相关容器的级 别的性质, 从而表示该拓朴相关容器与其它容器之间的该拓朴关系。
结合第三方面或结合第三方面的第一种至第四种可能的实现方式中的任 一种可能的实现方式, 在第五种可能的实现方式中, 该路由表还包括拓朴无 关小容器路由表项, 该拓朴无关小容器路由表项包括拓朴无关小容器的容器 标识以及与该拓朴无关小容器的容器标识对应的第三接口, 该第三接口为由 该本节点连接到达该拓朴无关小容器的下一跳路由节点的接口。
第四方面, 本发明实施例提供了一种获取内容的方法, 该方法包括: 生 成内容请求包, 该内容请求包携带请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信 息, 该请求内容的容器信息包括用于标识存储该请求内容的容器的容器标识; 将该内容请求包发送至网络设备, 以便该网络设备根据该请求内容的内容名 和该请求内容的容器信息确定该内容请求包的转发路由。
结合第四方面, 在第一种可能的实现方式中, 该容器包括至少一个路由 节点, 通过该至少一个路由节点中的一个或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够 在该容器内被路由到, 或该请求内容能够通过该容器被路由到。
结合第四方面, 在第一种可能的实现方式中, 该请求内容的内容名对应 一个或多个归属容器, 该请求内容的归属容器是能够直接路由到该请求内容 的容器。
结合第四方面或结合第四方面的第一种或第二种可能的实现方式, 在第 三种可能的实现方式中, 该容器信息还包括与该容器标识对应的解析标识, 该解析标识用于标识与该容器标识对应的容器是否可解析。
结合第四方面或结合第四方面的第一种至第三种可能的实现方式中的任 一种可能的实现方式, 在第四种可能的实现方式中, 在该生成内容请求包之 前, 该方法还包括: 获取该请求内容的容器信息; 该生成内容请求包, 包括: 根据该获取得到的该请求内容的容器信息, 生成内容请求包。
结合第四方面的第四种可能的实现方式, 在第五种可能的实现方式中, 该方法还包括: 根据该请求内容的容器信息, 确定该请求内容的容器信息对 应的容器的接入容器, 并将该接入容器的容器信息添加到该请求内容的容器 信息中; 该生成内容请求包, 包括: 根据该添加了该接入容器的容器信息的 该请求内容的容器信息, 生成内容请求包。
结合第四方面的第四种可能的实现方式, 在第六种可能的实现方式中, 该方法还包括: 根据该请求内容的容器信息, 确定该请求内容的所有可解析 容器的接入容器, 并将该所有可解析容器的接入容器的容器信息添加到该请 求内容的容器信息中; 该生成内容请求包, 包括: 根据该添加了该所有可解 析容器的接入容器的容器信息的该请求内容的容器信息, 生成内容请求包。
第五方面, 本发明实施例提供了一种发布内容的方法, 该方法包括: 确 定内容的容器集以及该容器集中每个容器的容器信息, 该容器集包括至少一 个存储该内容的容器; 发布该内容和该内容的信息, 该内容的信息包括该内 容的内容名和该容器集中每个容器的容器信息, 以便用户设备根据该内容的 信息生成内容请求包并发送到网络设备以及由路由节点根据该内容请求包携 带的该内容的信息确定该内容请求包的转发路由。
结合第五方面, 在第一种可能的实现方式中, 该容器包括至少一个路由 节点, 通过该至少一个路由节点中的一个或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够 在该容器内被路由到, 或该请求内容能够通过该容器被路由到。
结合第五方面, 在第二种可能的实现方式中, 该内容的内容名对应一个 或多个归属容器, 该内容的归属容器是能够直接路由到该内容的容器。
结合第五方面或结合第五方面的第一种或第二种可能的实现方式, 在第 三种可能的实现方式中, 该方法还包括: 将该容器集中的至少一个容器和该 至少一个容器的接入容器注册到解析系统, 以便用户或路由节点通过查询该 解析系统获得该至少一个容器的接入容器。
结合第五方面的第三种可能的实现方式, 在第四种可能的实现方式中, 该容器信息包括: 容器标识和解析标识, 该解析标识用于标识容器是否可解 第六方面, 本发明实施例提供了一种路由器, 该路由器包括: 接收模块, 用于接收内容请求包, 该内容请求包携带请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的 容器信息, 该请求内容的容器信息包括用于标识存储该请求内容的容器的容 器标识; 第一确定模块, 用于确定转发信息表 FIB 中是否存在与该接收模块 接收的该内容请求包携带的该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项; 第二确定 模块, 用于当该第一确定模块确定该 FIB 中不存在与该请求内容的内容名匹 配的转发表项时, 确定该 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器 标识匹配的转发表项, 该 FIB 中的转发表项包括预设的容器标识以及与该预 设的容器标识对应的接口; 发送模块, 用于当该第二确定模块确定该 FIB 中 存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 根据该匹配 的转发表项中的接口, 发送该内容请求包。
结合第六方面, 在第一种可能的实现方式中, 该容器是用于存储一组内 容的存储空间。
结合第六方面或结合第六方面的第一种可能的实现方式, 在第二种可能 的实现方式中, 该容器包括至少一个路由节点, 通过该至少一个路由节点中 的一个或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够在该容器内被路由到, 或该请求内 容能够通过该容器被路由到。
结合第六方面或结合第六方面的第一种可能的实现方式, 在第三种可能 的实现方式中, 该请求内容的内容名对应一个或多个归属容器, 该请求内容 的归属容器是能够直接路由到该请求内容的容器。
结合第六方面或结合第六方面的第一种至第三种可能的实现方式中的任 一种可能的实现方式, 在第四种可能的实现方式中, 该容器为一个或多个第 一其它容器的接入容器;和 /或一个或多个第二其它容器为该容器的接入容器; 其中, 该接入容器为在拓朴关系上包括另一容器, 且存在将该内容请求包路 由到该另一容器的转发表项的容器。
结合第六方面或结合第六方面的第一种至第四种可能的实现方式中的任 一种可能的实现方式, 在第五种可能的实现方式中, 该容器信息还包括与该 容器标识对应的解析标识, 该解析标识用于标识与该容器标识对应的容器是 否可解析; 该第二确定模块包括: 第一解析单元, 用于根据该解析标识, 解 析获得该请求内容的所有可解析容器的接入容器的容器标识; 第一确定单元, 具体用于将该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识以及该第一解析单元解析获 得的该请求内容的所有可解析容器的接入容器的容器标识与该 FIB 中的预设 的容器标识进行匹配, 以确定该 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内容的容器信息中 的容器标识以及该接入容器的容器标识匹配的转发表项。
结合第六方面的第五种可能的实现方式, 在第六种可能的实现方式中, 该路由器还包括: 第一添加模块, 用于将该第一解析单元解析获得的该请求 内容的所有可解析容器的接入容器的容器信息添加到该请求内容的容器信息 中。
结合第六方面或结合第六方面的第一种至第四种可能的实现方式中的任 一种可能的实现方式, 在第七种可能的实现方式中, 该容器信息还包括与该 容器标识对应的解析标识, 该解析标识用于标识与该容器标识对应的容器是 否可解析; 该路由器还包括: 第一解析模块, 用于当该第二确定模块确定该 FIB中不存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项时,根据 该解析标识, 解析获得该容器的接入容器的容器标识; 该第二确定模块还用 于将该第一解析模块解析获得的接入容器的容器标识与该 FIB 中的预设的容 器标识进行匹配, 以确定该 FIB 中是否存在与该解析获得的接入容器的容器 标识匹配的转发表项。
结合第六方面的第七种可能的实现方式, 在第八种可能的实现方式中, 该路由器还包括: 第二添加模块, 用于将该第一解析模块解析获得的接入容 器的容器信息添加到该请求内容的容器信息中。
结合第六方面或结合第六方面的第一种至第八种可能的实现方式中的任 一种可能的实现方式, 在第九种可能的实现方式中, 该 FIB 中的转发表项包 括内容名前缀和该内容名前缀对应的接口; 该第一确定模块具体用于根据该 请求内容的内容名的前缀与该 FIB 中的转发表项中的内容名前缀是否匹配, 确定该 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项; 该发送模块 还用于当该第一确定模块确定该 FIB 中存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转 发表项时, 根据该匹配的转发表项中的接口, 发送该内容请求包。
结合第六方面或结合第六方面的第一种至第九种可能的实现方式中的任 一种可能的实现方式, 在第十种可能的实现方式中, 该路由器还包括: 第三 确定模块, 用于在该第一确定模块确定 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内容的内容 名匹配的转发表项之前,确定内容存储表 CS中是否存在与该请求内容的内容 名匹配的内容;该发送模块还用于当该第三确定模块确定该 CS中存在与该请 求内容的内容名匹配的内容时, 将该匹配的内容发送至该内容请求包的发送 端;该第一确定模块还用于当该第三确定模块确定该 CS中不存在与该请求内 容的内容名匹配的内容时, 执行该确定 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内容的内容 名匹配的转发表项的步骤。
结合第六方面的第十种可能的实现方式, 在第十一种可能的实现方式中, 该路由器还包括: 第四确定模块, 用于当该第三确定模块确定该 CS中不存在 与该请求内容的内容名匹配的内容时, 确定驻留信息表 PIT 中是否存在与该 请求内容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项; 更新模块, 用于当该第四确定模块确定 该 PIT中存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项时, 将该内容请求包的 发送端对应的接口添加到该匹配的 PIT表项; 该第一确定模块还用于当该第 四确定模块确定该 PIT中不存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项时, 执行该确定 FIB中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项的步骤。
结合第六方面或结合第六方面的第一种至第十一种可能的实现方式中的 任一种可能的实现方式, 在第十二种可能的实现方式中, 该发送模块还用于 当该 FIB中不存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 根据默认接口发送该内容请求包; 或该路由器还包括丢弃模块,用于当该 FIB 中不存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 将该内 容请求包丢弃。
结合第六方面或结合第六方面的第一种至第十二种可能的实现方式中的 任一种可能的实现方式, 在第十三种可能的实现方式中, 该 FIB 包括全局容 器转发表项, 该全局容器转发表项包括全局容器的容器标识以及与该全局容 器的容器标识对应的第一接口, 该第一接口是由本节点连接到达该全局容器 的下一跳路由节点的接口, 该全局容器是可全局路由的容器, 该全局容器包 括拓朴相关的全局容器和 /或拓朴无关的全局容器。
结合第六方面的第十三种可能的实现方式, 在第十四种可能的实现方式 中, 该 FIB还包括用于基于拓朴相关容器进行路由的拓朴相关容器转发表项, 通过该拓朴相关容器转发表项, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由 作为该本节点的内部路由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器; 其中, 该拓朴相关 容器是与其它容器形成拓朴关系的容器, 该拓朴关系包括: 一个上级容器包 括一个或多个下级容器, 和 /或一个下级容器被一个或多个上级容器所包括。
结合第六方面的第十四种可能的实现方式, 在第十五种可能的实现方式 中, 该拓朴相关容器转发表项包括相对于该本节点的归属容器为下级容器的 容器标识以及与该下级容器的容器标识对应的第二接口, 该第二接口为由该 本节点连接到达该下级容器的接口; 该通过该拓朴相关容器转发表项, 使得 该本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由作为该本节点的内部路由不扩散出该 本节点归属的容器, 包括: 通过该拓朴相关容器转发表项中的该下级容器的 容器标识以及与该下级容器的容器标识对应的第二接口, 使得该本节点归属 的容器的下级容器的路由作为该本节点的内部路由不扩散出该本节点归属的 谷备。
结合第六方面的第十四种或第十五种可能的实现方式, 在第十六种可能 的实现方式中, 该拓朴相关容器对应的容器标识具有能够反映该拓朴相关容 器的级别的性质, 从而表示该拓朴相关容器与其它容器之间形成的该拓朴关 系。
结合第六方面的第十三种至第十六种可能的实现方式中的任一种可能的 实现方式, 在第十七种可能的实现方式中, 该 FIB还包括拓朴无关小容器转 发表项, 该拓朴无关小容器转发表项包括拓朴无关小容器的容器标识以及与 该拓朴无关小容器的容器标识对应的第三接口, 该第三接口为由本节点连接 到达该拓朴无关小容器的下一跳路由节点的接口。
第七方面, 本发明实施例提供了一种路由器, 该路由器包括: 接收模块, 用于接收内容请求包, 该内容请求包携带请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的 容器信息, 该请求内容的容器信息包括用于标识存储该请求内容的容器的容 器标识, 该容器包括至少一个路由节点, 通过该至少一个路由节点中的一个 或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够在该容器内被路由到, 或该请求内容能够 通过该容器被路由到; 确定模块, 用于根据该接收模块接收的该内容请求包 携带的该请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信息, 确定该内容请求包的 转发路由。
结合第七方面, 在第一种可能的实现方式中, 该容器是用于存储一组内 容的存储空间。
结合第七方面或结合第七方面的第一种可能的实现方式, 在第二种可能 的实现方式中, 该请求内容的内容名对应一个或多个归属容器, 该请求内容 的归属容器是能够直接路由到该请求内容的容器。
结合第七方面或结合第七方面的第一种或第二种可能的实现方式, 在第 三种可能的实现方式中, 该容器为一个或多个第一其它容器的接入容器; 和 / 或一个或多个第二其它容器为该容器的接入容器; 其中, 该接入容器为在拓 朴关系上包括另一容器, 且存在将该内容请求包路由到该另一容器的转发表 项的容器。
结合第七方面或结合第七方面的第一种至第三种可能的实现方式中的任 一种可能的实现方式, 在第四种可能的实现方式中, 该确定模块包括: 第一 确定单元, 用于确定转发信息表 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配 的转发表项; 第二确定单元, 用于当该第一确定单元确定该 FIB 中不存在与 该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项时, 确定该 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内 容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项, 该 FIB 中的转发表项包括预设 的容器标识和与该预设的容器标识对应的接口; 发送单元, 用于当该第二确 定单元确定该 FIB 中存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发 表项时, 根据该匹配的转发表项中的接口, 发送该内容请求包。
结合第七方面或结合第七方面的第一种至第四种可能的实现方式中的任 一种可能的实现方式, 在第五种可能的实现方式中, 该请求内容的内容名和 该请求内容的容器信息形成以该请求内容的内容名为根节点的树, 该根节点 的子节点代表该请求内容的归属容器的容器信息, 第一节点代表的容器信息 对应的容器为该第一节点的父节点代表的容器信息对应的容器的接入容器, 该第一节点是该树中除根节点和该根节点的子节点外的其它节点。
结合第七方面或结合第七方面的第一种至第四种可能的实现方式中的任 一种可能的实现方式, 在第六种可能的实现方式中, 该请求内容的内容名和 该请求内容的容器信息形成以该请求内容的内容名为入口顶点的有向无环 图, 从该入口顶点发起的有向边的终点代表该请求内容的归属容器的容器信 息, 该有向无环图中的第二顶点代表的容器信息对应的容器是第一顶点代表 的容器信息对应的容器的接入容器, 该第一顶点是该有向无环图中除入口顶 点外的其它顶点, 该第二顶点是从该第一顶点发起的有向边的终点。
第八方面, 本发明实施例提供了一种建立路由表的装置, 该装置包括: 生成模块, 用于生成本节点的路由表, 以根据该路由表生成转发信息表 FIB, 该路由表包括全局容器路由表项, 该全局容器路由表项包括全局容器的容器 标识以及与该全局容器的容器标识对应的第一接口, 该第一接口是由该本节 点连接到达该全局容器的下一跳路由节点的接口, 该全局容器是可全局路由 的容器, 该全局容器包括拓朴相关的全局容器和 /或拓朴无关的全局容器; 存储模块, 用于存储该生成模块生成的路由表。
结合第八方面, 在第一种可能的实现方式中, 该 FIB表用于当该本节点 接收到内容请求包时, 将该内容请求包携带的请求内容的内容名和容器信息 中的容器标识与该 FIB 中的转发表项进行匹配, 以确定该内容请求包的转发 路由。
结合第八方面或结合第八方面的第一种可能的实现方式, 在第二种可能 的实现方式中, 该路由表还包括用于基于拓朴相关容器进行路由的拓朴相关 容器路由表项, 通过该拓朴相关容器路由表项, 使得该本节点归属的容器的 下级容器的路由作为该本节点的内部路由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器; 其 中, 该拓朴相关容器是与其它容器形成拓朴关系的容器, 该拓朴关系包括: 一个上级容器包括一个或多个下级容器, 和 /或一个下级容器被一个或多个上 级容器所包括。
结合第八方面的第二种可能的实现方式, 在第三种可能的实现方式中, 该拓朴相关容器路由表项包括相对于该本节点的归属容器为下级容器的下级 容器标识以及与该下级容器标识对应的第二接口, 该第二接口为由该本节点 连接到达该下级容器的接口; 该通过该拓朴相关容器路由表项, 使得该本节 点归属的容器的下级容器的路由作为该本节点的内部路由不扩散出该本节点 归属的容器, 包括: 通过该拓朴相关容器路由表项中的下级容器标识以及与 该下级容器标识对应的第二接口, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路 由作为该本节点的内部路由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器。
结合第八方面的第二种或第三种可能的实现方式, 在第四种可能的实现 方式中, 该拓朴相关容器对应的容器标识具有能够反映该拓朴相关容器的级 别的性质, 从而表示该拓朴相关容器与其它容器之间的该拓朴关系。
结合第八方面或结合第八方面的第一种至第四种可能的实现方式中的任 一种可能的实现方式, 在第五种可能的实现方式中, 该路由表还包括拓朴无 关小容器路由表项, 该拓朴无关小容器路由表项包括拓朴无关小容器的容器 标识以及与该拓朴无关小容器的容器标识对应的第三接口, 该第三接口为由 该本节点连接到达该拓朴无关小容器的下一跳路由节点的接口。
第九方面, 本发明实施例提供了一种用户设备, 该用户设备包括: 生成 模块, 用于生成内容请求包, 该内容请求包携带请求内容的内容名和该请求 内容的容器信息, 该请求内容的容器信息包括用于标识存储该请求内容的容 器的容器标识; 发送模块, 用于将该生成模块生成的该内容请求包发送至网 络设备, 以便该网络设备根据该请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信息 确定该内容请求包的转发路由。
结合第九方面, 在第一种可能的实现方式中, 该容器包括至少一个路由 节点, 通过该至少一个路由节点中的一个或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够 在该容器内被路由到, 或该请求内容能够通过该容器被路由到。
结合第九方面, 在第二种可能的实现方式中, 该请求内容的内容名对应 一个或多个归属容器, 该请求内容的归属容器是能够直接路由到该请求内容 的容器。
结合第九方面或结合第九方面的第二种或第二种可能的实现方式, 在第 三种可能的实现方式中, 该容器信息还包括与该容器标识对应的解析标识, 该解析标识用于标识与该容器标识对应的容器是否可解析。
结合第九方面或结合第九方面的第一种至第三种可能的实现方式中的任 一种可能的实现方式, 在第四种可能的实现方式中, 该用户设备还包括: 获 取模块, 用于在该生成模块生成内容请求包之前, 获取该请求内容的容器信 息; 该生成模块具体用于根据该获取模块获取的该请求内容的容器信息, 生 成内容请求包。
结合第九方面的第四种可能的实现方式, 在第五种可能的实现方式中, 该用户设备还包括: 第一确定模块, 用于根据该获取模块获取的该请求内容 的容器信息, 确定该容器的接入容器; 第一更新模块, 用于将该第一确定模 块确定的该接入容器的容器信息添加到该请求内容的容器信息中; 该生成模 块具体用于根据该第一更新模块更新后的该请求内容的容器信息, 生成内容 请求包。
结合第九方面的第四种可能的实现方式, 在第六种可能的实现方式中, 该用户设备还包括: 第二确定模块, 用于根据该获取模块获取的该请求内容 的容器信息, 确定该请求内容的所有可解析容器的接入容器; 第二更新模块, 用于将该第二确定模块确定的该所有可解析容器的接入容器的容器信息添加 到该请求内容的容器信息中; 该生成模块具体用于根据该第二更新模块更新 后的该请求内容的容器信息, 生成内容请求包。
第十方面, 本发明实施例提供了一种发布内容的装置, 该装置包括: 确 定模块, 用于确定内容的容器集以及该容器集中每个容器的容器信息, 该容 器集包括至少一个存储该内容的容器; 发布模块, 用于发布该内容和该内容 的信息, 该内容的信息包括该内容的内容名和该确定模块确定的该容器集中 每个容器的容器信息, 以便用户根据该内容的信息生成内容请求包并发送到 网络设备并由路由节点根据该内容请求包携带的该内容的信息确定该内容请 求包的转发路由。
结合第十方面, 在第一种可能的实现方式中, 该容器包括至少一个路由 节点, 通过该至少一个路由节点中的一个或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够 在该容器内被路由到, 或该请求内容能够通过该容器被路由到。
结合第十方面, 第二种可能的实现方式中, 该内容的内容名对应一个或 多个归属容器, 该内容的归属容器是能够直接路由到该内容的容器。
结合第十方面或结合第十方面的第一种或第二种可能的实现方式, 第三 种可能的实现方式中, 该装置还包括: 注册模块, 用于将该容器集中的至少 一个容器和该至少一个容器的接入容器注册到解析系统, 以便用户或路由节 点通过查询该解析系统获得该至少一个容器的接入容器。
结合第十方面的第三种可能的实现方式, 第四种可能的实现方式中, 该 容器信息包括: 容器标识和解析标识, 该解析标识用于标识容器是否可解析。
基于上述技术方案, 本发明实施例的路由转发的方法、 内容请求的处理 方法、 建立路由表的方法、 获取内容的方法和发布内容的方法, 以及路由器、 建立路由表的装置、 用户设备和发布内容的装置, 通过在内容名的基础上增 加内容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内 容名的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路 由扩展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案, 下面将对本发明实施例或 现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作筒单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面所描述 的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付 出创造性劳动的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1是根据本发明实施例的路由转发的方法的示意性流程图。 图 2(a)是根据本发明实施例的内容名和容器集之间形成的树型结构示意 图。
图 2(b)是根据本发明实施例的内容名和容器集之间形成的有向无环图的 结构示意图。
图 3是根据本发明实施例的路由转发的方法的另一示意性流程图。
图 4是根据本发明实施例的路由转发的方法的再一示意性流程图。
图 5是根据本发明实施例的路由转发的方法的再一示意性流程图。
图 6是根据本发明实施例的路由转发的方法的再一示意性流程图。
图 7是根据本发明另一实施例的路由转发的方法的示意性流程图。
图 8是根据本发明实施例的内容请求包和数据包的示意图。
图 9是根据本发明再一实施例的路由转发的方法的示意性流程图。
图 10是根据本发明再一实施例的路由转发的方法的示意性流程图。 图 11是根据本发明再一实施例的路由转发的方法的示意性流程图。 图 12是根据本发明实施例的网络架构的示意图。
图 13是根据本发明实施例的内容请求的处理方法的示意性流程图。 图 14是根据本发明实施例的内容请求的处理方法的另一示意性流程图。 图 15是根据本发明实施例的建立路由表的方法的示意性流程图。
图 16是根据本发明实施例的获取内容的方法的示意性流程图。
图 17是根据本发明实施例的获取内容的方法的另一示意性流程图。 图 18是根据本发明实施例的获取内容的方法的再一示意性流程图。 图 19是根据本发明实施例的发布内容的方法的示意性流程图。
图 20是根据本发明实施例的发布内容的方法的另一示意性流程图。 图 21是根据本发明实施例的路由器的示意性框图。
图 22是根据本发明实施例的路由器的第二确定模块的示意性框图。 图 23是根据本发明实施例的路由器的另一示意性框图。
图 24是根据本发明实施例的路由器的再一示意性框图。
图 25是根据本发明实施例的路由器的再一示意性框图。
图 26是根据本发明另一实施例的路由器的示意性框图。 图 27是根据本发明另一实施例的路由器的确定模块的示意性框图。
图 28是根据本发明实施例的建立路由表的装置的示意性框图。
图 29是根据本发明实施例的用户设备的示意性框图。
图 30是根据本发明实施例的用户设备的另一示意性框图。
图 31是根据本发明实施例的用户设备的再一示意性框图。
图 32是根据本发明实施例的用户设备的再一示意性框图。
图 33是根据本发明实施例的发布内容的装置的示意性框图。
图 34是根据本发明实施例的发布内容的装置的另一示意性框图。
图 35是根据本发明再一实施例的路由器的示意性框图。
图 36是根据本发明再一实施例的路由器的示意性框图。
图 37是根据本发明再一实施例的路由器的另一示意性框图。
图 38是根据本发明另一实施例的建立路由表的装置的示意性框图。
图 39是根据本发明另一实施例的用户设备的示意性框图。
图 40是根据本发明另一实施例的发布内容的装置的示意性框图。 具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行 清楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例, 而不 是全部实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创 造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都应属于本发明保护的范围。
应理解, 在本发明实施例中, 用户设备(User Equipment, 筒称为 "UE" ) 可称之为终端 (Terminal ) 、 移动台 (Mobile Station, 筒称为 "MS" ) 、 移 动终端 ( Mobile Terminal )等, 该用户设备可以经无线接入网 ( Radio Access Network, 筒称为 "RAN" )与一个或多个核心网进行通信, 例如, 用户设备 可以是移动电话(或称为 "蜂窝,, 电话) 、 具有移动终端的计算机等, 例如, 用户设备还可以是便携式、 袖珍式、 手持式、 计算机内置的或者车载的移动 装置, 它们与无线接入网交换语音和 /或数据。 还应理解, 本发明实施例中的 技术方案可应用于各种以信息为中心的网络体系。 图 1是本发明实施例的路由转发的方法 100的示意性流程图, 图 1的方 法可以由路由节点执行, 为了便于描述, 下面将执行方法 100的路由节点称 为本节点。 如图 1所示, 方法 100包括:
S110, 接收内容请求包, 该内容请求包携带请求内容的内容名和该请求 内容的容器信息, 该请求内容的容器信息包括用于标识存储该请求内容的容 器的容器标识;
S120, 确定转发信息表 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转 发表项;
S130, 当该 FIB 中不存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项时, 确 定该 FIB中是否存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项, 该 FIB 中的转发表项包括预设的容器标识以及与该预设的容器标识对应的接 口;
S140, 当该 FIB 中存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转 发表项时, 根据该匹配的转发表项中的接口, 发送该内容请求包。
因此, 本发明实施例的路由转发的方法, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内 容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名 的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩 展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。
在本发明实施例中, 容器是用于存储一组内容的存储空间, 其中, 该一 组内容可以是一个内容或多个内容。 例如, 一个国家的整个网络可以看成是 一个国家级的容器, 该容器是位于该国网络内的所有内容的存储空间; 类似 地, 一个省的整个网络可看成是一个省级的容器, 该省级容器是位于该省网 络内的所有内容的存储空间。 此外, 公司或组织的整个网络也可看成是位于 该公司或组织的网络内所有内容的存储空间, 移动设备, 如飞机、 火车或轮 船等的网络可以看成是该移动设备网络内所有内容的存储空间, 手机、 主机 或其他存储内容的电子设备的网络也可以看成该网络内所有内容的存储空 间, 本发明实施例不限于此。 相对应的, 容器的容器标识可以是任意内容标 只前缀, ^口 fanlingyuan.com/blog , 也可以是公司或组织, ^口: huawei.com 、 tsinghua.edu, 还可以是移动网络, 如飞机、 火车、 轮船, 如 airchina/cal314, 还可以是手机、主机或其它存储内容的电子设备 ,如 chinamobile/fanlingyuan , 还可以是网络域, 如 cn、 cn/gd 、 cn/sd, 等等。 一个容器可以对应一个容器 标识, 也可以对应两个以上容器标识, 本发明实施例对此不作限定, 但为了 便于描述, 以下均以容器与容器标识——对应为例进行说明, 并且以容器标 识指代容器。
此外, 一个容器可以在拓朴关系上包括另一个容器, 例如, 一个省级网 络是国家网络的一部分, 因此, 可认为该国家容器在拓朴关系上包括该省级 容器。 容器还可以包括接入容器, 接入容器为在拓朴关系上包括另一容器, 且存在将该内容请求包路由到该另一容器的转发表项的容器。 也就是说, 一 个容器的接入容器是在拓朴关系上包括该容器且存在将内容请求包路由到该 容器的容器。 具体地, 当容器 B包括容器 A, 且容器 B中存在将该内容请求 包路由到容器 A的转发表项, 则定义容器 B是容器 A的接入容器, 容器 B为 容器 A提供接入服务。 一个容器可以为一个或多个其它容器提供接入服务, 一个或多个其它容器可以为同一个容器提供接入服务, 换言之, 一个容器可 以是一个或多个其它容器的接入容器, 一个或多个其它容器可以是同一个容 器的接入容器。
在网络架构中, 容器包括至少一个路由节点, 该至少一个路由节点中的 一个或多个路由节点负责内容请求包的转发, 该容器称为该至少一个路由节 点归属的容器。 通过容器的接入容器中包括的至少一个路由节点中的一个或 多个路由节点,可以将该内容请求包路由到达该容器。例如, 国家级容器 "cn" 在拓朴关系上包括省级容器 "cn/gd" 和 "cn/sd" , 且通过国家级容器 "cn" 中包括的一个或多个路由节点, 可以将内容请求包路由到达省级容器 "cn/gd" 和 "cn/sd" 等, 则国家级容器 "cn" 为省级容器 "cn/gd" 和 "cn/sd" 等提供 接入服务; 容器 huawei.com/cn" 和 "huawei.com/us" 在拓朴关系上包括容器 "huawei.com" , 且通过容器 "huawei.com/cn" 和 "huawei.com/us" 中包括 的一个或多个路由节点, 可以将内容请求包路由到达容器 "huawei.com" , 则 容器 "huawei.com/cn" 和 "huawei.com/us" 为容器 "huawei.com" 提供接人 服务, 但本发明实施例不限于此。
在 S110中, 本节点接收到的内容请求包可能是由其它路由节点发送的, 也可能是由用户设备发送的, 本发明实施例对此不作限定。 该内容请求包携 带的该请求内容的容器信息中包括的容器标识对应的容器组成该请求内容的 容器集, 该容器集可以包括一个或多个容器。 可选地, 该容器集中的一个或 多个容器是一个或多个第一其它容器的接入容器; 和 /或一个或多个第二其它 容器为该容器的接入容器, 这里的 "第一其他容器" 以及 "第二其他容器" 可以是容器集中的容器, 也可以是不在容器集中的其他容器。
具体地, 该容器集可以包括该请求内容的归属容器, 该请求内容的归属 容器是能够直接路由到该请求内容的容器, 其中, 该请求内容的归属容器中 存在该请求内容的内容名对应的转发表项, 该请求内容的内容名与该请求内 容的归属容器相对应。 该请求内容可以有一个或多个归属容器, 相应地, 该 请求内容的内容名可以对应一个或多个归属容器, 该请求内容能够在该请求 内容的内容名对应的归属容器中被路由到。
该请求内容的归属容器的接入容器也可以看成是存储该请求内容的容 器, 其中, 该请求内容能够通过该归属容器的接入容器被间接路由到。 可选 地, 在 S110中, 该容器集还可以包括该请求内容的归属容器的接入容器, 或 进一步包括该接入容器的接入容器, 通过该归属容器的接入容器或通过该接 入容器的接入容器中包括的一个或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够通过该接 入容器被路由到。 例 口, 内容 "fanlingyuan.com/myson/2012/June01/happy.jpg" 的归属容器为 "chinamobile/fanlingyuan" , 而容器 " chinamobile/ f anlingy uan " 的接入容器为 " cloudsrv.com" , 在这种情形下, 该内容可以通过容器 " cloudsrv.com " 中 包括 的 一 个 或 多 个路 由 节 点 到 达容器 " chinamobile/fanlingyuan " , 并通过容器 " chinamobile/fanlingyuan" 中包括 的一个或多个路由节点, 在容器 "chinamobile/fanlingyuan" 中被路由到。 类 似地, 从容器的角度来看, 容器存储的内容包括在该容器中可以直接路由到 的内容, 以及包括可以通过该容器被间接路由到的内容。 可选地, 该容器集 还可以包括存储该内容的所有容器, 本发明实施例不限于此。 然而, 有些容器的位置可能经常变化, 如飞机或轮船等, 相应地, 这些 容器的接入容器也会随之变化。 当请求内容的容器集中包括这些容器的接入 容器时, 无法保证该容器集的持久性, 也不能 ^艮好地支持内容的移动性。 因 此, 当该容器集中的至少一个容器的接入容器经常变化时, 内容发布商可以 将该至少一个容器与其接入容器的映射关系注册到解析系统, 当该至少一个 容器的接入容器发生变化时, 该至少一个容器可以将该变化通知解析系统, 这样解析系统可以实时更新该至少一个容器与其接入容器的映射关系。 同时, 内容请求包中携带的请求内容的容器集中可以只包括该至少一个容器而不包 括该至少一个容器的接入容器, 以保证该请求内容的容器集的持久性。 并且, 内容请求包可以携带该至少一个容器的解析标识表示该至少一个容器可解 析, 这样, 用户设备或路由节点就可以根据该解析标识, 来查询解析系统对 该至少一个容器进行解析, 以获得该至少一个容器的接入容器。 从而始终能 够通过该至少一个容器的接入容器中的路由节点, 路由到达该至少一个容器, 从而很好地支持内容的移动性, 但本发明实施例不限于此。
应理解, 在本发明实施例中, 该请求内容的归属容器和该归属容器的接 入容器以及该接入容器的接入容器均可以看成是存储该请求内容的容器, 然 而, 只有包括路由节点的容器才是该路由节点归属的容器, 而该容器的接入 容器并不是该路由节点归属的容器。 例如, 容器 "cn/gd" 包括路由节点 R12 和 R13 , 容器 "cn/gd" 的接入容器 "cn" 包括路由节点 R1和 R2, 当一个内 容的归属容器是 "cn/gd" 时, 容器 "cn" 和 "cn/gd" 均为存储该内容的容器, 而路由节点 R12和 R13归属的容器是 "cn/gd" , 但本发明实施例不限于此。
在 S110中, 该请求内容的容器信息可以携带该容器集中每个容器的容器 标识, 可选地, 该容器信息还可以包括与该容器标识对应的解析标识, 该解 析标识用于标识与该容器标识对应的容器是否可解析。 具体地, 该内容请求 包可以携带可解析容器的解析标识, 而默认缺省该解析标识的容器不可解析。 可选地, 该内容请求包也可以携带所有容器的解析标识, 并使用不同的解析 标识表示容器可解析或不可解析,例如,解析标识" resolvable=yes"表示该容器 可解析, 而 "resolvable=no"表示该容器不可解析, 但本发明实施例不限于此。 请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器集之间的关系可以用树来表示。 如图 2 (a)所示, 该请求内容的内容名作为树的根节点, 该请求内容的容器集 中的容器作为该根节点的子孙, 其中, 根节点的子节点代表该请求内容的归 属容器, 树中任意节点代表的容器 X与其子节点代表的容器 Y的关系为容器 Y是容器 X的接入容器。 例如, 在图 2 (a)中, 容器 A、 容器 B和容器 C是该 请求内容的归属容器, 容器 A的接入容器为容器 D, 容器 B的接入容器为容 器 D和容器 E, 值得注意的是, 由于容器 D同时是容器 A和容器 B的接入容 器, 因此在该树型结构中出现两个容器 D。
相对应地, 该请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信息之间的关系也 可以用上述树型结构来表示。 具体地, 请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容 器信息形成以该请求内容的内容名为根节点的树, 该根节点的子节点代表该 请求内容的归属容器的容器信息, 第一节点代表的容器信息对应的容器为该 第一节点的父节点代表的容器信息对应的容器的接入容器, 该第一节点是该 树中除根节点和该根节点的子节点外的其它节点。
从图 2 (a)可以看出, 树的表示方法筒单明了, 然而, 当两个以上的容器 具有相同的接入容器时, 树的表示方法会出现重复的节点, 如图 2 (a)中的容 器0。 当这种重复大量存在时, 树的表示方法存在效率不高的问题。 可选地, 为了避免重复节点, 请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器集之间的关系还 可以用有向无环图表示。 如图 2 (b)所示, 请求内容的内容名作为有向无环图 的入口顶点, 该请求内容的容器集中的容器作为该有向无环图的其它顶点, 其中, 由入口顶点发出的所有有向边的终点代表该内容的归属容器, 从有向 无环图内除入口顶点之外的其它顶点发出的有向边的终点代表的容器是该有 向边的起点代表的容器的接入容器, 例如, 图 2 (b)中从容器 B发出的两条有 向边的终点指向容器 D和容器 E,表示容器 B的接入容器为容器 D和容器 E。
相对应地, 请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信息之间也可以用有 向无环图来表示, 具体地, 请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信息形成 以该请求内容的内容名为入口顶点的有向无环图, 从该入口顶点发起的有向 边的终点代表该请求内容的归属容器的容器信息, 该有向无环图中的第二顶 点代表的容器信息对应的容器是第一顶点代表的容器信息对应的容器的接入 容器, 该第一顶点是该有向无环图中除入口顶点外的其它顶点, 该第二顶点 是从该第一顶点发起的有向边的终点。
可选地, 还可以用其它方法表示请求内容的内容名与该请求内容的容器 集之间或请求内容的内容名与该请求内容的容器信息之间的关系, 本发明实 施例不限于此。
当请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信息之间的关系用树表示时, 在内容请求包中, 采用树的深度遍历将该请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的 容器信息排成序列, 且该树中的任意两个节点之间以分隔符分隔, 其中, 该 树的第 n层节点与该第 n层节点的前一个节点以第 n-1分割符分隔, 1 < n≤m, m 为该树的深度。 具体地, 可以采用树的深度遍历将请求内容的内容名和该 请求内容的容器信息在 { }中排成序列, 节点之间采用 "|" 作为分隔符; 其中 根节点与其孩子节点分隔符 T数量为 1 ; 随着树的深度的增加, 分隔符 T 的数量也逐级增力口。 例 ^口 , Namel={ huawei.com/products/index.html I huawei.com/cn I huawei.com/us I cn/gd} 表 示 内 容 "huawei.com/products/index.html" 的 归 属 容 器 是 "huawei.com/cn", "huawei.com/us"和" cn/gd" , 这三个容器均为该内容名的孩子节点。 又如, Name2 = {fanlingyuan.com/blog/2012/June01/main.html I hosting.com II cn/gd II cn beijjing II us/ca I cloudsrv.com} 表 示 内 容 "fanlingyuan.com/blog/2012/June01/main.html"的归属容器为 "hosting.com"和 "cloudsrv.com" , 而" hosting.com"在全球有三个数据中心, 分别位于容器 "cn/gd"" cn/beijjing,,和 "us/ca"中, 即" cn/gd,," cn/beijjing"和" us/ca"这三个容器 为" hosting.com"提供接入服务,这三个容器是容器 "hosting.com"的孩子节点。
可选地, 还有很多能把树型结构表示成文本形式的方法, 例如 XML格式 或者用 "()"来取代 T作为分割符等, 本发明不限于一种具体的表示方法。
可选地, 当采用有向无环图表示请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器 信息之间的关系时, 在内容请求包中, 将该有向无环图的入口顶点所代表的 内容名和该有向无环图中入口顶点外的其它顶点所代表的该请求内容的容器 信息排成序列, 该有向无环图的所有顶点之间均以分隔符分隔, 并在该有向 无环图的所有作为有向边的起点的顶点后携带接入参数, 该接入参数用于指 示从该顶点发起的有向边的终点在该序列中的序号。
具体地, 可以将请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信息在 { }中排成 序列, 其中请求内容的内容名排在序列的第一位, 请求内容的容器信息排列 在内容名之后; 请求内容的内容名和各容器的容器信息之间采用 "Γ 作为分 隔符; 分隔符 T 数量固定为 1 , 并在请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容 器信息后增加指向其它顶点的参数,如, in=nl, n2, ... 其中 nl, n2为下一个 顶点在序列的中的序号, 其中, 请求内容的内容名在序列中的序号为 0。 如果 在容器信息后没有携带 in参数,则默认该容器信息为出口顶点。例如, Namel = {fanlingyuan.com/blog/2012/June01/main.html; in=l, 2 I hosting.com; in=3, 4 I cloudsrv.com; in=4, 5 I cn/gd I cn beijing I us/ca} , 内 容 "fanlingyuan.com/blog/2012/June01/main.html"后携带参数 "in=l, 2",其中 1和 2分别是容器 "hosting.com"和" cloudsrv.com"在容器序列中的序号,表示这两个 容器是该内容的归属容器。 而 "hosting.com"后携带参数" in=3, 4"表示 "hosting.com"的接入容器是" cn/gd" 和" cn/beijing" , "cloudsrv.com,,携带参数 "in=4, 5"表示 "cloudsrv.com"的接入容器是 "cn/beijing"和 "us/ca" , 其中 "cn/beijing"同时为 "hosting.com"和" cloudsrv.com"提供接入服务, 但本发明实 施例不限于此。
在 S120中, 本节点将该请求内容的内容名与本节点的 FIB中的转发表项 匹配,在 S130中,当 FIB中不存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项时, 本节点可以将该请求内容的容器集中的每个容器的容器标识按照一定优先策 略, 依次与 FIB 中的转发表项进行匹配。 这里的匹配均指最长匹配。 当 FIB 中存在与该请求内容的容器集中的某一容器的容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 本节点可以根据该匹配的转发表项中的接口, 发送该内容请求包, 并停止匹 配过程。 可选地, 本节点也可以继续执行匹配过程, 直到将容器集中的所有 容器的容器标识与 FIB 中的预设的容器标识匹配完毕, 在这种情况下, 可能 在 FIB 中存在与有两个以上容器的容器标识匹配的转发表项, 本节点可以分 别根据该匹配的转发表项中的接口, 发送该内容请求包, 以增加路由到该请 求内容的概率。 在实际应用中, 具体的匹配方法可以根据需要进行动态配置, 本发明实施例不限于此。
可选地, 如图 3所示, 在方法 100中, S130, 该确定该 FIB中是否存在 与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项, 包括:
5131 , 根据该解析标识, 解析获得该请求内容的所有可解析容器的接入 容器的容器标识;
5132 , 将该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识以及该请求内容的所有可 解析容器的接入容器的容器标识与该 FIB 中的预设的容器标识进行匹配, 以 确定 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识以及该接入容器 的容器标识匹配的转发表项。
当本节点根据该容器集中容器的解析标识, 确定该容器是可解析容器时, 可以通过查询解析系统获得该容器的接入容器, 并进一步判断该接入容器是 否为可解析容器, 当该接入容器仍为可解析容器时, 继续查询解析系统获得 该接入容器的接入容器, 如此进行迭代解析过程, 直到解析得到的接入容器 不可解析, 至此该完全解析过程结束, 本节点获得了该请求内容的所有可解 析容器的接入容器。 然后本节点将该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识, 以 及该所有可解析容器的接入容器的容器标识, 按照一定优先策略依次与 FIB 中包括的预设的容器标识匹配。
下面将以内容请求包中用树表示内容名和容器信息之间的关系、 以及该 内容请求包只携带可解析容器的解析标识为例, 对步骤 S131和 S132进行详 细描述。 ^^设本节点接收到的内容请求包的初始形式如下: Name = {fanlingyuan.com/blog/2012/June01/main.html I chinamobile/fanlingyuan; resolvable=yes }。 才艮据解析标识 " resolvable=yes,, , 本节点可以获知容器 "chinamobile/fanlingyuan" 可解析, 于是, 本节点向解析系统查询, 得到其 接入容器 "airchina/cal314; resolvable=yes"和 "cloudsrv.com" , 由于容器 "airchina/cal314"依然可以解析, 则本节点继续向解析系统查询, 得到其接入 容器为 "cn/beijing" , 由于 "cn beijing"不可解析, 该完全解析过程执行完毕, 本节点得到该请求内容的所有可解析容器 "chinamobile/fanlingyuan"、 "airchina/cal314" , 以及该所有可解析容器的接入容器 "airchina/ca 1314"、 " cloudsrv.com"和 "airchina/cal314" 。 然后, 本节点将该请求内容的容器信 息中的容器标识 "chinamobile/fanlingyuan" , 以及该请求内容的所有可解析 容器的接入容器的容器标识 "airchina/cal314" 、 " cloudsrv.com"和 "airchina/cal314" , 依次与 FIB的转发表项进行匹配。
可选地, 本节点还可以将通过解析系统获得的该所有可解析容器的接入 容器的容器信息添加到该内容请求包中, 以供后续的路由节点使用, 这样后 续的路由节点就可以不执行解析过程而直接将该请求内容的容器信息中的容 器标识与 FIB中的转发表项进行匹配, 因此, 可选地, 该方法 100还包括:
S145 , 将该解析获得的该所有可解析容器的接入容器的容器信息添加到 该请求内容的容器信息中。
例如 , 本节点可以将上述例子中解析得到的接入容器插入内容请求包的 容 器 信 息 中 , 从 而 得 到 最 终 的 内 容请 求 包 : Name = {fanlingyuan.com/blog/2012/June01/main.html I chinamobile/fanlingyuan; resolvable=yes II airchina/cal314; resolvable=yes III cn/beijing II cloudsrv.com }。
此外, 可选地, 对于通过解析系统获得的接入容器来说, 解析得到的该 接入容器的容器信息还可以包括緩沖性和老化时间 (Time To Live, TTL ) , 来表示用户设备或网络侧可以将该解析结果緩存且对该解析结果緩存的时间 为老化时间, 以便与其它用户设备和路由节点共享。 这里的网络侧可以包括 本节点, 也可以包括其他路由节点, 本发明实施例不限于此。 其中, 可緩存 的接入容器可以通过 "cachable=yes"和" TTL= Τ "来表示, 其中, T表示本节点 对该解析结果的緩存时间, 即本节点对可解析容器与该接入容器的映射关系 緩存的时间为 T, 例如 "TTL=l hour" 表示该解析结果的緩存时间为一小时, 可选地, T也可以设置为其它时间, T也可以用分或秒作为单位, 本发明实施 例对此不作限定。 不可緩存的容器可以通过緩沖性缺省和" TTL=0"来表示。可 选地, 緩存性和老化时间也可以采用其它方式表示, 本发明实施例不限于此。
可选地, 在本发明实施例中, 本节点也可以首先将该内容请求包携带的 容器集中的容器标识与 FIB中的转发表项进行匹配, 当该 FIB中不存在与该 容器集中的任意容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 本节点可以执行上述完全解析 和匹配过程。 具体地, 当该 FIB 中不存在与该内容请求包携带的容器标识匹 配的转发表项时, 根据该内容请求包携带的解析标识, 确定可解析容器的接 入容器的容器信息; 当该可解析容器的接入容器可解析时, 对该可解析容器 的接入容器进行解析; 当该解析获得的接入容器可解析时, 对该解析获得的 接入容器进行进一步解析, 直到该进一步解析获得的接入容器不可解析, 以 获得该请求内容的所有可解析容器的接入容器的容器标识; 将该所有可解析 容器的接入容器的容器标识与该 FIB 中预设的容器标识进行匹配, 以确定该 FIB 中是否存在与该所有可解析容器的接入容器的容器标识中的至少一个容 器标识匹配的转发表项; 当该 FIB 中存在与该所有可解析容器的接入容器的 容器标识中的至少一个容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 根据该匹配的转发表项 中的端口, 发送该内容请求包。
可选地, 本节点也可以只对该请求内容的部分可解析容器进行解析, 以 获得其接入容器, 然后将该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识和该部分解析 获得的接入容器的容器标识与 FIB中的转发表项匹配。 当 FIB中存在与上述 容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 本节点可以根据匹配的转发表项中的接口, 发 送该内容请求包。 可选地, 当 FIB 中不存在与上述容器标识匹配的转发表项 时, 本节点可以对上述部分没有被解析的可解析容器进行解析, 并将解析获 得的接入容器与 FIB中的转发表项匹配, 但本发明实施例不限于此。
因此, 本发明实施例的路由转发的方法, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内 容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名 的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩 展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。
上述实施例中, 本节点先对该请求内容的容器集进行完全解析以获得该 请求内容的所有可解析容器的接入容器, 然后执行匹配过程。 可选地, 本节 点也可以先执行匹配过程, 当该容器集中的所有容器在 FIB 中均不存在与之 匹配的转发表项时, 本节点对容器集中的可解析容器进行解析。 因此, 可选 地, 如图 4所示, 作为另一实施例, 该方法 100还包括:
S150, 当该 FIB 中不存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的 转发表项时, 根据该解析标识, 解析获得该容器的接入容器的容器标识;
S155, 将该解析获得的接入容器的容器标识与该 FIB 中的预设的容器标 识进行匹配, 以确定该 FIB 中是否存在与该解析获得的接入容器的容器标识 匹配的转发表项。
其中, 流程 S150、 S155可以循环执行。 即, 当 FIB中均不存在与该容器 集中的所有容器匹配的转发表项时, 本节点根据容器信息中的解析标识, 确 定该容器集中的可解析容器, 将该解析获得的接入容器的容器标识与该 FIB 中的预设的容器标识进行匹配, 以确定该 FIB 中是否存在与该解析获得的接 入容器的容器标识匹配的转发表项; 当该 FIB 中不存在与该解析获得的接入 容器的容器标识匹配的转发表项且该解析获得的接入容器可解析时, 对该解 析获得的接入容器进行进一步解析, 直到该进一步解析获得的接入容器不可 解析或该 FIB 中存在与该进一步解析获得的接入容器的容器标识匹配的转发 表项; 当该 FIB 中存在与该解析或该进一步解析获得的接入容器的容器标识 匹配的转发表项时, 根据该匹配的转发表项中的端口, 发送该内容请求包。 具体地, 本节点首先将内容请求包携带的容器集中的每个容器的容器标识依 次与 FIB中的转发表项进行匹配。 当 FIB中均不存在与该容器集中的所有容 器匹配的转发表项时, 本节点根据容器信息中的解析标识, 确定该容器集中 的可解析容器, 并通过查询解析系统获得该解析容器的接入容器; 然后, 本 节点将该接入容器与 FIB中的转发表项进行匹配, 当 FIB中仍不存在与该接 入容器匹配的转发表项时, 本节点根据该接入容器的解析标识确定该接入容 器是否可解析, 并在该接入容器可解析时对其继续进行解析, 直到在 FIB 中 找到与该解析获得的接入容器匹配的转发表项, 或该解析获得的接入容器不 可解析。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 该方法 100还包括:
S160, 将该解析获得的接入容器的容器信息添加到该请求内容的容器信 息中。 其中, 本节点可以将上述每次解析获得的接入容器的容器信息均添加到 该请求内容的容器信息中。
下面将以内容请求包中用有向无环图表示内容名和容器信息之间的关 系、 以及该内容请求包只携带可解析容器的解析标识为例, 详细描述流程
S150、 S155和 S160的循环执行过程。 本节点接收到的内容请求包的初始形 式 为 : Name = {fanlingyuan.com/blog/2012/June01/main.html; in=ll chinamobile/fanlingyuan; resolvable=yes } , 本节 点 首先将容器标识 "chinamobile/fanlingyuan"与 FIB中的转发表项进行匹配, 结果表明在 FIB中 也没有与该容器标识匹配的转发表项。 而根据解析标识 "resolvable=yes" , 本节点发现容器" chinamobile/fanlingyuan"可解析,于是,本节点查询解析系统 对该容器进行解析, 得到其接入容器" airchina/cal314; resolvable=yes"和 " cloudsrv.com", 本节点可以将其插入该请求内容的容器信息, 结果为 Name = {fanlingyuan.com/blog/2012/June01/main.html; in=ll chinamobile/fanlingyuan; resolvable=yes; in=2,3 I airchina/cal314; resolvable=yes I cloudsrv.com}。 并且, 本节点依次将容器标识" airchina/cal314"和" cloudsrv.com"与 FIB 中的转发表 项进行匹配, 匹配结果表明在 FIB 中仍没有与这两个容器标识匹配的转发表 项, 而容器 "airchina/cal314"可解析, 于是本节点继续对容器" airchina/cal314" 进行解析, 得到其接入容器" cn/beijing" , 本节点将其插入请求内容的容器信 息, 内容请求包变为: Name = {fanlingyuan.com/blog/2012/June01/main.html; in=l I chinamobile/fanlingyuan; resolvable=yes ; in=2,3 I airchina/cal314; resolvable=yes; in=4 I cloudsrv.com I cn/beijing} , 并将容器标识 "cn/beijing,,与 FIB 中的转发表项进行匹配。 由于容器" cn/beijing"不可解析, 因此, 无论在 FIB中是否存在与该容器标识匹配的转发表项, 上述循环过程均结束, 而进入 下一步骤。
可选地, 在本发明实施例中, 本节点也可以对内容请求包携带的可解析 容器按照树的深度遍历进行迭代解析和匹配, 具体地, 本节点可以对内容请 求包携带的某一可解析容器进行迭代解析和匹配, 直到该迭代解析得到的接 入容器不可解析或该 FIB 中存在与该迭代解析得到的接入容器匹配的转发表 项; 当该迭代解析得到的接入容器不可解析且该 FIB 中不存在与该迭代解析 得到的接入容器匹配的转发表项时, 本节点可以对内容请求包携带的另一可 解析容器进行迭代解析和匹配过程, 但本发明实施例不限于此。
因此, 本发明实施例的路由转发的方法, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内 容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名 的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩 展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。 此外, 在多数情况下, 本节点只需进行部 分解析就可能获得在 FIB 中存在与接入容器匹配的转发表项, 因此, 本实施 例的转发流程与上述实施例中的先完全解析后再进行匹配的实施例相比, 可 以减少对容器的解析次数以及对解析系统的查询次数。
在 S120中,本节点将该请求内容的内容名与 FIB中的转发表项进行匹配。 可选地, FIB 中的转发表项可以包括内容名前缀和与该内容名前缀对应的接 口, 相对应地, S120包括:
S121 , 根据该请求内容的内容名的前缀与该 FIB 中的转发表项中的内容 名前缀是否匹配, 确定该 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发 表项;
该方法 100还包括:
S165, 当确定该 FIB 中存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项时, 根据该匹配的转发表项中的接口, 发送该内容请求包。
可选地, 本节点还可以通过 CS对该请求内容进行緩存, 以便当该路由节 点接收到对相同的内容的请求时,可以直接将 CS中存储的该请求内容发送至 该内容请求包的发送端, 从而使得该内容请求过程更筒单快速。 因此, 可选 地, 作为另一实施例, 如图 5所示, 该方法 100还包括:
S170, 在该确定 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项 之前, 确定内容存储表 CS中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的内容;
S175, 当该 CS中存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的内容时, 将该匹配的 内容发送至该内容请求包的发送端;
S130a, 当该 CS中不存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的内容时, 执行该 确定 FIB中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项的步骤。
因此, 本发明实施例的路由转发的方法, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内 容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名 的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩 展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。
可选地, 本节点还可以兼容现有技术中的 NDN的路由转发方法, 通过在 驻留信息表( Pending Information Table , 筒称为 "PIT" ) 中存储该内容请求 包的发送端的路由信息, 并且相同的内容请求只查找一次, 在返回该请求内 容时通过 PIT 中的信息确定该请求内容的下一跳接口, 这样既可避免对相同 的请求内容的重复查找, 又可以确定返回的请求内容的下一跳接口。 因此, 可选地, 作为另一实施例, 如图 6所示, 该方法 100还包括:
S180, 当该 CS中不存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的内容时, 确定驻留 信息表 PIT中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项;
S185, 当该 PIT中存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项时, 将该 内容请求包的发送端对应的接口添加到该匹配的 PIT表项;
S130b, 当该 PIT中不存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项时, 执 行该确定 FIB中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项的步骤。
下面结合图 7 的例子详细描述本发明实施例的路由转发的方法。 本节点 接收到内容请求包, 该内容请求包携带请求内容的内容名和容器信息, 首先 本节点执行步骤①,该 CS中的内容表项可以包括预设的内容名和与该预设的 内容名对应的内容,本节点可以将该请求内容的内容名与 CS中的预设的内容 名进行匹配, 以确定该 CS中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的内容; 当 CS中不存在与之匹配的内容时, 本节点执行步骤②, PIT中的 PIT表项可以 包括内容名前缀和与该内容名前缀对应的请求接口, 该请求接口表示携带以 该内容名前缀为前缀的内容名的内容请求包的发送端对应的接口, 本节点将 该请求内容的内容名的前缀与 PIT表项中的内容名前缀进行匹配, 以确定该 PIT中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项; 当 PIT中不存在与该 请求内容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项时, 本节点执行步骤③, 该 FIB的转发表 项包括内容名前缀和与该内容名前缀对应的接口, 或 FIB 的转发表项包括预 设的容器标识和与该预设的容器标识对应的接口, 本节点将该请求内容的内 容名的前缀与转发表项中的内容名前缀进行匹配, 以确定在 FIB 中是否存在 与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项; 当该 FIB 中不存在与该请求内容的 内容名匹配的转发表项时, 本节点执行步骤④和⑤, 对该请求内容的容器集 进行完全解析, 获得该请求内容的所有可解析容器和该所有可解析容器的接 入容器, 然后本节点执行步骤⑥, 将该请求内容的容器集中的容器的容器标 识和该所有可解析容器的接入容器的容器标识, 按照一定的优先策略, 依次 查找匹配 FIB中的转发表项。 当存在至少一个容器标识在 FIB中存在与之匹 配的转发表项时, 根据该匹配的转发表项中的接口转发该内容请求包, 否贝1 J , 本节点将该内容请求包丢弃或根据默认接口发送该内容请求包, 对该内容请 求包的路由转发流程至此结束。
因此, 本发明实施例的路由转发的方法, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内 容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名 的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩 展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。
可选地, 可选地, 作为另一实施例, 该方法 100还包括:
S190, 当该 FIB 中不存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的 转发表项时, 根据默认接口发送该内容请求包, 或将该内容请求包丢弃。
当本节点执行上述实施例的 S132后执行 S190, 则本节点在该 FIB中不 存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识以及与该请求内容的所有可解析 容器的接入容器的容器信息匹配的转发表项; 而当本节点执行上述实施例的 S155之后执行 S190,则本节点在该 FIB中不存在与该请求内容的容器信息中 的容器标识匹配的转发表项, 且解析获得的接入容器不可解析时, 根据默认 接口发送该内容请求包, 或将该内容请求包丢弃。
因此, 本发明实施例的路由转发的方法, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内 容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名 的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩 展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。
应理解, 在本发明实施例中, 请求内容的内容名和请求内容的容器信息 中的容器标识与 FIB 的转发表项的匹配均为最长匹配, 而请求内容的内容名 与 CS的匹配以及该请求内容的内容名与 PIT的匹配可以是最长匹配,也可以 是精确匹配, 本发明实施例对此不作限定。 此外, 请求内容的容器信息只是 用于在请求内容的内容名匹配 FIB失败, 或匹配 CS和 FIB失败, 或匹配 CS、 PIT以及 FIB均失败时,匹配 FIB的转发表项以确定该内容请求包的转发路由, 因此, 容器信息只是起辅助路由的作用。 在一些使用请求内容的内容名就可 以找到该请求内容的情况下, 内容请求包可以只携带请求内容的内容名, 从 而保留 NDN等 ICN系统直接以内容名进行路由的便利性。
此外, 在本发明实施例中, 在家庭网络, 企业网, Adhoc 等本地路由的 场景下, 解析系统的介入也不是必需的。 例如, 在家庭内的无线网络中, 手 机中存储内容名为 "fanlingyuan.com/myson/2012/June01/happy.jpg" 的内容, 该内容名的前缀 "fanlingyuan.com/myson"和与其对应的接口被保存在家庭内 部的无线路由节点的 FIB 中, 当电脑端用户想获取该内容时, 向网络端发送 内容请求包, 形式^口下: {fanlingyuan.com/myson/2012/June01/happy.jpg I chinamobile/fanlingyuan; resolvable=yes } , 虽然该内容请求包携带了一个可解 析容器的容器信息, 但由于该请求内容的内容名可以与无线路由节点的 FIB 中的 "fanlingyuan.com/myson" 匹配, 因此可以根据该匹配的转发表项中的接 口发送该内容请求包, 而不需要对容器进行匹配, 也不需要对容器进行解析, 因此, 在这种情况下, 可以不对可解析容器进行解析, 内容请求包也可以只 携带请求内容的内容名而不携带该请求内容的容器信息。
此外, 如图 8所示, 本发明实施例只对内容请求包的内容属性进行扩展, 内容请求包携带请求内容的内容名和容器信息, 并可以携带现有技术中的选 择项和随机数; 而数据包仍可以携带现有的 NDN等 ICN体系中的内容名,不 携带任何容器的容器信息, 且数据包仍然携带签名信息, 例如, 发布者 ID、 密钥定位和失效时间等。 由于数据包中的签名仍然是基于数据包中完整的内 容名、 数据本身以及用户的私有密钥计算得到的, 而内容请求包中携带的请 求内容的容器信息不会出现在数据包中, 也不会参与签名的计算, 因此, 不 影响现有的 NDN等 ICN系统的安全性。
下面将结合图 9至图 11所示的具体例子对本发明实施例提供的路由转发 的方法进行详细描述。
图 9是根据本发明一个实施例的路由转发的方法 200的示意性流程图, 如图 9所示, 该方法 200, 包括:
5201、 接收内容请求包。
该内容请求包可以只携带请求内容的内容名, 也可以携带请求内容的内 容名和该请求内容的容器信息, 该请求内容的容器信息对应的容器组成容器 集, 该容器集包括至少一个容器。 该请求内容的容器信息包括该容器集中每 个容器的容器标识, 可选地, 该容器信息还可以包括该容器集中每个容器的 解析标识, 或包括该容器集中的可解析容器的解析标识, 本发明实施例不限 于此。
5202、 将该请求内容的内容名与 FIB的转发表项匹配。
具体地, 可以将该请求内容的内容名的前缀与 FIB 的转发表项中的内容 名前缀进行匹配, 如果在 FIB 中存在与该请求内容的内容名的前缀匹配的内 容名前缀, 则执行 S207, 否则执行 S203。
5203、 判断该内容请求包是否携带该请求内容的容器信息。
如果该内容请求包携带该请求内容的容器信息, 则执行 S204, 否则执行 S208。
5204、 根据容器信息中的解析标识, 确定该容器集中是否存在可解析容 器。
如果该容器集中存在至少一个可解析容器,则执行 S205和 S206, 否则直 接执行 S206。
5205、 完全解析该容器集中的可解析容器。
对容器集中的至少一个可解析容器进行完全解析, 即首先获得该至少一 个可解析容器的接入容器, 并将该接入容器的容器信息添加到内容请求包中; 然后判断该接入容器是否可解析, 如果可解析, 则继续对该接入容器进行解 析, 以获得该接入容器的接入容器, 并将该接入容器的接入容器的容器信息 添加到该请求内容的容器信息中, 直到解析获得的接入容器不可解析, 这样 就获得了该请求内容的所有可解析容器的接入容器, 以及更新后的请求内容 的容器信息。
5206、将该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识与 FIB中的转发表项匹配。 具体地, 将容器信息对应的容器集中的每个容器的容器标识按照一定策 略, 依次与 FIB中的预设的容器标识进行匹配。 其中, 当执行 S204后直接执 行 S206时, S206中的容器信息具体为本路由节点接收到的内容请求包中携带 的该请求内容的容器信息, 而当执行 S205后执行 S206时, S206中地容器信 息具体为更新后的该请求内容的容器信息如果存在至少一个容器标识在 FIB 中有与之匹配的转发表项, 则执行 S207, 否则执行 S208。
5207、 根据该匹配的转发表项中的接口, 发送该内容请求包。
对该内容请求包的路由结束转发流程至此结束。 应理解, 虽然这里仍将 发送的内容请求包称为该内容请求包, 但由于此时的内容请求包中可能添加 了上述完全解析过程中获得的可解析容器的接入容器的容器信息, 因此, 此 时的内容请求包可能与步骤 201中接收到的内容请求包有所差别。
5208、 根据默认接口发送该内容请求包, 或将该内容请求包丢弃。
因此, 本发明实施例的路由转发的方法, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内 容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名 的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩 展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。
图 10是根据本发明另一实施例的路由转发的方法 300的示意性流程图, 其中, 步骤 301~303与方法 200中的步骤 201~203的实现过程基本相同, 此 处不再赘述。 现将后续涉及容器解析的步骤做如下详细介绍。
5304、将该容器集中每个容器的容器标识依次与 FIB中的转发表项匹配。 如果存在一个以上容器的容器标识在 FIB 中有与之匹配的转发表项, 则 执行 S307, 否则执行 S305。
5305、 判断该容器集中是否存在可解析容器。 如果该容器集中存在至少一个可解析容器,则执行 S306和 S304, 否则执 行 S308。
5306、 对该至少一个可解析容器分别进行解析, 以获得该至少一个可解 析容器的接入容器。
执行 S306之后执行 S304,即将该至少一个可解析容器的接入容器的容器 标识分别与 FIB 中的转发表项进行匹配, 如果该至少一个可解析容器的接入 容器的容器标识中存在一个或多个接入容器的容器标识在 FIB 中存在与之匹 配的转发表项, 则执行步骤 S307, 否则, 继续执行 S305和 S306, 如此往复 循环执行流程 S305、 S306和 S304, 直到 FIB中存在与该解析过程中获得的 接入容器的容器标识匹配的转发表项, 或该解析过程获得的接入容器不可解
5307、 根据该匹配的转发表项中的接口, 发送该内容请求包。
对该内容请求包的路由转发流程至此结束。
5308、 根据默认接口发送该内容请求包, 或将该内容请求包丢弃。
对该内容请求包的路由转发流程至此结束。
因此, 本发明实施例的路由转发的方法, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内 容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名 的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩 展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。 此外, 与上述实施例中的方法 200相比, 方法 300在大多数情况下都可以减少对容器的解析次数, 从而可以节省开销, 加快对内容请求包的转发速度。
图 11是根据本发明再一实施例的路由转发的方法 400的示意性流程图。 如图 11所示, 该方法 400, 包括:
5401、 接收到达的包。
该到达的包可以是内容请求包或数据包, 其中, 该内容请求包可以携带 请求内容的内容名和容器信息 , 而数据包则只携带内容的内容名而不携带容 器信息。
5402、 判断接收到的包是数据包还是内容请求包。 如果该包是内容请求包,则执行 S403;如果该包是数据包,则执行 S414。 S403、 将请求内容的内容名与 CS中的内容进行匹配。
本节点将该请求内容的内容名与 CS中预设的内容名进行匹配,以确定该 CS中是否存在与该内容名匹配的内容。 当在 CS中存在与该请求内容的内容 名匹配的内容时, 则执行 S404, 本节点对该内容请求包的路由转发流程至此 结束; 否则执行 S405。
S404、 将 CS中的请求内容发送至该内容请求包的发送端。
S405、 将该请求内容的内容名与 PIT中的 PIT表项进行匹配。
本节点将该请求内容的内容名的前缀与 PIT表项中的内容名前缀进行匹 配, 以确定 PIT中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项。 如果在 PIT中存在与该内容名匹配的 PIT表项, 说明已经存在对该请求内容的查找, 则执行 S408, 对该内容请求包的路由转发流程至此结束, 这样可以对相同的 内容只查找一次, 从而避免重复查找; 否则执行 S406。
5406、 将请求内容的内容名与 FIB中的转发表项匹配;
本节点将该请求内容的内容名的前缀与转发表项中的内容名前缀进行匹 配, 以确定在 FIB中是否存在与该内容名匹配的转发表项, 如果在 FIB中存 在与该内容名匹配的转发表项, 则执行 S407和 S408, 否则执行 S409。
5407、 根据该匹配的转发表项中的接口, 发送该内容请求包。
5408、 更新 PIT。
具体地,如果在执行 S407后执行 S408,则更新 PIT具体为将该请求内容 的内容名的前缀以及该内容请求包的发送端对应的接口添加到 PIT表中, 成 为新的 PIT表项; 而如果在执行 S405后执行 S408,则更新 PIT具体为将该内 容请求包的发送端对应的接口添加到与该请求内容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项 中
5409、 判断该内容请求包是否携带该请求内容的容器信息。
如果该内容请求包携带该请求内容的容器信息, 则执行 S410, 否则执行 S413。
5410、 将该容器信息中的容器标识与 FIB中的转发表项进行匹配。 本节点将该容器信息对应的容器集中每个容器的容器标识与转发表项中 的预设的容器标识进行匹配, 以确定 FIB 中是否存在与该容器信息中的容器 标识匹配的转发表项。 如果该容器集中存在至少一个容器在 FIB 中有与之匹 配的转发表项, 则执行 S407和 S408, 否则执行 S411。
5411、 判断该请求内容的容器集中是否存在可解析容器。
该容器信息还可以包括容器的解析标识, 本节点根据该解析标识, 判断 该容器集中是否存在可解析容器。 如果该容器集中存在至少一个可解析容器, 则执行 S412和 S410, 否则执行 S413。
5412、 分别对该至少一个可解析容器进行解析, 以获得该至少一个可解 析容器的接入容器;
然后执行 S410, 即将该至少一个可解析容器的接入容器的容器标识按照 一定的优先策略依次查找匹配 FIB中的转发表项。 如果在 FIB中也没有与该 可至少一个可解析容器的接入容器的容器标识匹配的转发表项, 则继续执行 S411 , 步骤 S410、 S411和 S412将如此循环执行, 直到在 FIB中查找得到与 解析得到的接入容器的容器标识匹配的转发表项, 或解析得到的接入容器不 可解析, 然后执行步骤 S413。
5413、 根据默认接口发送该内容请求包, 或将该内容请求包丢弃。
对该内容请求包的路由转发流程至此结束。
5414、 将内容的内容名与 PIT表的 PIT表项匹配。
如果在 PIT表中存在与该内容名匹配的 PIT表项, 则执行 S416、 S417和 S418, 否则执行 S415。
5415、 将该数据包丢弃。
对该数据包的路由转发流程至此结束。
5416、 根据匹配的 PIT表项中的接口发送该数据包。
5417、 将该数据包保存到 CS表。
这样本节点可以将该数据包中的内容进行緩存, 使得本节点在该内容的 緩存期间接收到对该数据包的内容的请求时, 本节点可以直接返回该数据包 中的内容, 从而避免了对该数据包中的内容的再次查找。 S418、 移除该匹配的 PIT表项。
其中, 步骤 S416、 S417和 S418可以以任意的顺序执行, 本发明实施例 对这三个步骤的执行顺序不作限定, 本节点对该数据包的转发流程至此结束。
应理解, 上述过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后, 各过程的 执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定, 而不应对本发明实施例的实施过程构 成任何限定。
还应理解, 图 9至图 11的例子是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本 发明实施例, 而非要限制本发明实施例的范围。 本领域技术人员根据所给出 的图 9至图 11的例子, 显然可以进行各种等价的修改或变化, 这样的修改或 变化也落入本发明实施例的范围内。
因此, 本发明实施例的路由转发的方法, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内 容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名 的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩 展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。
从上述实施例可以看到, 本发明实施例通过在内容名的基础上增加内容 的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名的 依赖, 从而可能解决由于内容名而造成的路由扩展问题。 具体地, 为了减少 路由表中的路由表项, 本发明实施例将所有容器分为三种类型: 拓朴相关容 器、 拓朴无关大容器和拓朴无关小容器, 并分别对上述三种不同类型的容器 采取不同的路由策略。
首先, 对拓朴相关容器采用逐级嵌套分级聚合的方法, 其中, 拓朴相关 容器是与其它容器形成拓朴关系的容器, 该拓朴关系包括: 一个上级容器包 括一个或多个下级容器, 和 /或一个下级容器被一个或多个上级容器所包括。 具体地, 形成拓朴关系的所有容器可以分成不同的级别, 每个容器都处于某 一特定的级别, 当两个容器的级别相差一级时, 级别较低的容器称为级别较 高的容器的下级容器 , 而级别较高的容器称为该级别较低的容器的上级容器 , 该级别较低的容器可以由其上级容器为其提供接入服务, 即该级别较高的容 器是其下级容器的接入容器。 应理解, 这里的下级容器和上级容器是相对的, 例如, 容器 A可以是容器 B的下级容器, 也可以是容器 C的上级容器, 但本 发明实施例不限于此。
可选地, 拓朴相关容器对应的容器标识可以具有能够反映该拓朴相关容 器的级别的性质, 从而表示该拓朴相关容器与其它容器之间形成的该拓朴关 系。 具体地, 级别较低的容器的容器标识中可以包含其上级容器的容器标识, 例如, 市级容器深圳的容器标识 "cn/gd/sz" 中包含其上级容器广东的容器标 识 "cn/gd" , 但本发明实施例不限于此。
如图 12所示,整个中国网络就可以看成一个国家级的拓朴相关容器" cn" , "cn"里汇聚了省级的容器如广东省 "cn/gd" , 北京市 "cn/beijing" , 等等, 而 "cn/gd" 又汇聚了下级拓朴相关容器如深圳 "cn/gd/sz" 等等, 依此类推。 类似地, 美国网络也可以看成一个国家级容器 "us" , 容器 "us" 又包括下级 拓朴相关容器 "us/ca" 。 此外, 大的 ISP也可以按照拓朴容器分级聚合, 如 中国电信作为一个大的容器" ct" ,其汇聚了 "ct/gd,,, "ct/sd,,等省级容器, "ct/gd" 又汇聚了 "ct/gd/sz" 等市级容器, 本发明实施例不限于此。 由于 FIB表的最 长匹配特性, 美国这个容器 "us" 中, 只需要一条到 "cn" 的路由就可以匹配 所有以 "cn" 为前缀的容器, 因此, 可将如 "cn" 、 "us" 或 "ct" 等在拓朴 关系中级别最高的拓朴相关容器作为全局容器, 其路由可以作为全局路由进 行扩散。 其中, 全局容器是可全局路由的容器, 其路由作为全局路由是指所 有路由节点的路由表中均有这些全局容器的路由表项。 全局容器不存在接入 谷备。
可选地, 根据实际部署的需要, 除了上述在拓朴相关中处于最高级别的 拓朴相关容器之外, 一些级别较高的拓朴相关容器, 如省级容器 "cn/gd" 、
"cn/sd" 或 "us/ca" 等, 也可以作为拓朴相关的全局容器, 其路由可以作为 全局路由进行扩散, 但本发明实施例不限于此。 本发明实施例将上述作为全 局容器的拓朴相关容器称为拓朴相关的全局容器。
可选地, 全局容器还可以包括拓朴无关的全局容器, 该拓朴无关的全局 容器包括拓朴无关大容器, 拓朴无关大容器是指在现有网络中数量极少的访 问量大的拓朴无关容器,如大 ISP、大公司、大的门户网站,例如 "sina.com" , "google.com" , "baidu.com" 等, 它们拥有高于普通容器千倍、 万倍的访问 量, 它们可以作为拓朴无关的全局容器, 其路由也可以作为全局路由进行扩 散。
可选地, 上述拓朴无关大容器也可以由级别较高的拓朴相关容器为其提 供接入服务, 因而可以将这些拓朴无关大容器作为其接入容器包括的路由节 点的局域路由。 但是将这些拓朴无关大容器作为全局容器可以大大提高全网 的路由表的匹配效率, 同时又能方便这些大公司自主灵活的调整路由, 以便 更好的提供多宿、 负荷分担、 Anycast等服务, 此外, 由于这些容器数量很少, 不会使核心路由表的大小发生大的增长, 但本发明实施例不限于此。
综上所述, 本节点的路由表包括全局容器路由表项, 该全局容器路由表 项包括全局容器的容器标识以及与该全局容器的容器标识对应的第一接口, 该第一接口是由本节点连接到达该全局容器的下一跳路由节点的接口, 该全 局容器是可全局路由的容器, 该全局容器包括拓朴相关的全局容器和 /或拓朴 无关的全局容器。 以图 12中的容器 "cn/gd/sz"中包括的路由节点 R121为例, 该路由节点的路由表中包括容器 "cn"和 "us" 的路由表项, 而由于路由节点 R121需要通过路由节点 R12才能到达容器 "cn" 的路由节点 R1和 R2, 以及 到达容器 "us" , 因此, 与容器标识 "cn" 和 "us" 对应的第一接口为 R121 连接 R12的接口。
对于上述拓朴相关的全局容器的下级容器, 由上述拓朴相关的全局容器 为其提供接入服务, 相应地, 其路由可以作为该拓朴相关的全局容器中包括 的路由节点的内部路由, 无需扩散出该拓朴相关的全局容器。 具体地, 该下 级容器的路由可以只被包括在该拓朴相关的全局容器包括的路由节点的路由 表中。 一般地, 对于在拓朴关系中除上述拓朴相关的全局容器之外的任意拓 朴相关容器, 为其下级容器提供接入服务, 相应地, 其下级容器的路由都可 以作为该拓朴相关容器的内部路由, 无需扩散出该拓朴相关容器。 为了便于 描述, 以下的拓朴相关容器是指在拓朴关系中除上述拓朴相关的全局容器之 外的其他拓朴相关容器。 以本节点的角度来看, 本节点的路由表可以包括基 于拓朴相关容器进行路由的拓朴相关容器路由表项, 通过该拓朴相关容器路 由表项, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由作为该本节点的内部路 由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器。 其中, 不扩散出本节点归属的容器是指在 本节点的归属容器之外的路由节点的路由表中, 不存在本节点归属的容器的 下级容器的路由表项, 因此, 本节点归属的容器外的路由节点需要借助本节 点归属的容器辅助路由到该下级容器。 例如, 路由节点 R1和 R2的路由表可 以包括作为 R1和 R2归属的容器 "cn" 的下级容器 "cn/sd" 、 "cn/gd" 等省 级容器的路由表项, 它们的路由可以作为路由节点 R1和 R2的局域路由, 无 需扩散出容器 "cn" 。 类似地, 路由节点 R12和 R13的路由表可以包括作为 R12和 R13归属的容器 "cn/gd" 的下级容器 "cn/gd/sz" 的路由表项, 其路由 也可以作为 R12和 R13的局域路由, 无需扩散出容器 "cn/gd" 。 因此, 容器 "cn" 的路由节点 R1和 R2只能通过进入容器 "cn/gd" 才能在路由节点 R12 和 R13的路由表中找到 "cn/gd/sz" 的路由。
具体地, 本节点的路由表可以包括本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由, 该下级容器的路由表项包括该下级容器的容器标识以及与该下级容器的容器 标识对应的第二接口, 该第二接口为由该本节点连接到达该下级容器的接口。 例如, 路由节点 R12的路由表的路由表项可以包括容器标识 "cn/gd/sz" 以及 R12连接到达 R121的接口。
拓朴无关小容器是指访问量小的拓朴无关容器, 这类容器在网络中大量 存在,如小公司、组织, 家庭网络, 个人数码设备等, 这也是导致现有的 NDN 等 ICN系统中路由扩展性问题的主要因素之一。 本发明实施例中这类容器可 以由拓朴相关容器为其提供接入服务, 相应地, 这类容器的路由可以限制在 其接入容器的内部, 无需扩散出其接入容器, 从而可以大大减少核心路由表 的大小。 例如, 如图 12所示, 容器 "hostsrv.com" 在两个地方有自己的企业 网, 可以看作两个拓朴相关容器 "cn/gd" 和 "us/ca" 为其提供接入服务, 因 此, 只有这两个容器包括的路由节点的路由表中存在容器 "hostsrv.com"的路 由表项, 而这两个容器以外的容器只能通过拓朴相关容器 "cn/gd"和 "us/ca" 辅助路由才能到达容器 "hostsrv.com" 。 因此, 本节点的路由表还可以包括拓 朴无关小容器路由表项, 该拓朴无关小容器路由表项包括拓朴无关小容器的 容器标识以及与该拓朴无关小容器的容器标识对应的第三接口, 该第三接口 为由本节点连接到达该拓朴无关小容器的下一跳路由节点的接口。 例如, 路 由节点 R4的路由表可以包括容器标识 "hostsrv.com" 以及由 R4连接到达 R6 的接口。
综上所述, 在本发明实施例中, 核心路由表的路由表项数目基本上等于 "拓朴相关的全局容器的路由数目" 加 "拓朴无关的全局容器的路由数目"。 由于这两种路由的数量都比较少, 使得总的路由表的大小甚至可以小于今天 因特网路由器中核心路由表的表项数目。 因此, 本发明实施例通过在内容名 的基础上增加内容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容属性, 并将拓朴无关 小容器的路由限制在为其提供接入服务的拓朴相关容器内, 且将拓朴相关容 器的下级容器的路由限制在该拓朴相关容器内, 从而使得核心路由表的表项 数目大大减少, 有效解决 NDN等现有 ICN系统中的路由扩展性问题。
由于 FIB表是路由表的子集, 因此, 本发明实施例中, FIB表的转发表项 也具有与路由表相类似的特征。 具体地, 该 FIB 包括全局容器转发表项, 该 全局容器转发表项包括全局容器的容器标识以及与该全局容器的容器标识对 应的第一接口, 该第一接口是由本节点连接到达该全局容器的下一跳路由节 点的接口, 该全局容器是可全局路由的容器, 该全局容器包括拓朴相关的全 局容器和 /或拓朴无关的全局容器。
可选地, 该 FIB还包括用于基于拓朴相关容器进行路由的拓朴相关容器 转发表项, 通过该拓朴相关容器转发表项, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级 容器的路由作为该本节点的内部路由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器; 其中, 该拓朴相关容器是与其它容器形成拓朴关系的容器, 该拓朴关系包括: 一个 上级容器包括一个或多个下级容器, 和 /或一个下级容器被一个或多个上级容 器所包括。 可选地, 该拓朴相关容器转发表项包括相对于该本节点的归属容 器为下级容器的容器标识以及与该下级容器的容器标识对应的第二接口, 该 第二接口为由该本节点连接到达该下级容器的接口; 该通过该拓朴相关容器 转发表项, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由作为该本节点的内部 路由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器具体为: 通过该拓朴相关容器转发表项中 的该下级容器的容器标识以及与该下级容器的容器标识对应的第二接口, 使 得该本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由作为该本节点的内部路由不扩散出 该本节点归属的容器。 可选地, 该拓朴相关容器对应的容器标识具有能够反 映该拓朴相关容器的级别的性质, 从而表示该拓朴相关容器与其它容器之间 形成的该拓朴关系。
可选地, 该 FIB还包括拓朴无关小容器转发表项, 该拓朴无关小容器转 发表项包括拓朴无关小容器的容器标识以及与该拓朴无关小容器的容器标识 对应的第三接口, 该第三接口为由本节点连接到达该拓朴无关小容器的下一 跳路由节点的接口。
下面将以表 1和表 2为例分别描述根据本发明实施例中路由表和 FIB的 形式。 表 1是容器 "cn/gd" 的路由节点 R12的路由表的一种可能形式, 该路 由表的路由表项包括三列, 其中, 第一列是容器标识或内容名前缀, 第二列 是该容器标识或内容名前缀的路由属性, 该路由属性包括全局或局域。 第三 列是由本节点到达该容器标识对应的容器的下一跳路由节点, 可选地, 第三 列也可以是该下一跳路由节点对应的接口, 但本发明实施例不限于此。
表 2是路由节点 R12的 FIB的一种可能形式, 该 FIB的转发表项包括两 列, 其中, 第一列是容器标识或内容名前缀(prefix ) , 第二列为该容器标识 或内容名前缀对应的接口, 其中容器标识对应的接口是由本节点连接到达该 容器标识对应的容器的下一跳路由节点的接口。 在本发明实施例中, 一个容 器标识或内容名前缀可以对应一个或多个接口, 但本发明实施例不限于此。 表 1 路由表的形式举例
Figure imgf000050_0001
US 全局 R1, R2
sina.com 全局 R1, R2 表 2 FIB表的形式举例
Figure imgf000051_0001
值得注意的是, 经过上述方式构建路由表之后, 在本发明实施例中, 容 器是否可解析可以是容器的特性, 如拓朴相关容器一般不可解析, 而拓朴无 关小容器则一般可解析, 可选地, 某些容器的容器解析性还可以根据一定策 略进行变化, 例如, 当某拓朴无关小容器的接入容器比较固定时, 可可以将 该容器设置为不可解析容器, 而内容发布商在发布该容器存储的内容时, 可 以同时发布该容器以及该容器的接入容器, 因此, 用户设备或路由节点可以 不需要查询解析系统解析该容器, 但本发明实施例不限于此。
此外, 在本发明实施例中, 请求内容的内容名前缀可以与该请求内容的 归属容器的容器标识匹配, 也可以与内容的归属容器的容器标识不匹配, 例 如, 容器 " hostsrv.com " 可 以存储与该容器标识 匹 配的 内 容 " hostsrv.com/main.html " , 也可以存储与该容器标识不匹配的内容 "fanlingyuan.org blog/2012/June01/main.html" 。 下面以请求内容为 X为例来 说明当 X的内容名前缀与它的归属容器 S (如 hostsrv.com ) 的容器标识不匹 配时的转发流程, 设 S的接入容器为 T (如 "cn/gd" , "cn/beijing" ) : 首 先, 当 T比较固定时, 内容请求包可以携带 X、 S和 T的容器信息, 可选地, 当 S的位置会发生变化, 即 T不固定时, 内容名请求包也可以只携带 X和需 要解析的 S ( resolvable=yes ) , 由路由节点查询解析系统得到 T, 并将 Τ插入 内容请求包。 当内容请求包从外部网络进入 Τ之前, 借助内容请求包中携带 的 Τ进行辅助路由, 因为外部网络的路由节点的 FIB中没有匹配 X和 S的路 由, 但一定包括拓朴汇聚了的 T的路由; 在 X和 S先后匹配失败后, 自然会 用 T查找 FIB表找到下一跳; 在进入 T之后, 由于 T中必须有到 S的路由, 因此内容请求包在 X匹配失败后, 自然会用 S匹配成功, 此时, 内容请求包 借助 S进行路由。 在进入 S之后, 则采用 X进行路由, 在 S的 FIB表中肯定 有匹配 X的前缀。
应理解, 上述实施例的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后, 各过程 的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定, 而不应对本发明实施例的实施过程 构成任何限定。
因此, 本发明实施例的路由转发的方法, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内 容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名 的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩 展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。
上文中结合图 1至图 12, 详细描述了根据本发明实施例的路由转发的方 法, 下面将结合图 13和图 14, 详细描述根据本发明实施例的内容请求的处理 方法。
图 13是根据本发明实施例的内容请求的处理方法 500的示意性流程图, 该方法可以由路由节点执行。 如图 13所示, 该方法 500包括:
S510, 接收内容请求包, 该内容请求包携带请求内容的内容名和该请求 内容的容器信息, 该请求内容的容器信息包括用于标识存储该请求内容的容 器的容器标识, 该容器包括至少一个路由节点, 通过该至少一个路由节点中 的一个或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够在该容器内被路由到, 或该请求内 容能够通过该容器被路由到;
S520, 根据该请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信息, 确定该内容 请求包的转发路由。
因此, 本发明实施例的内容请求的处理方法, 通过在内容名的基础上增 加内容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内 容名的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路 由扩展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。
本发明实施例中, 内容请求包携带的该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标 识对应的容器组成该请求内容的容器集。 该容器集中的容器是用于存储一组 内容的存储空间。
该容器集可以只包括一个容器, 也可以包括两个以上容器。 具体地, 该 容器集可以只包括该请求内容的归属容器, 该容器集也可以进一步包括该请 求内容的归属容器的接入容器, 该容器集还可以包括存储该请求内容的所有 容器。 其中, 该请求内容可以有一个或多个归属容器, 相对应地, 该请求内 容的内容名可以对应一个或多个归属容器, 通过该归属容器中包括的一个或 多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够在该请求内容的内容名对应的归属容器中被 路由到。 该归属容器也可以有一个或多个接入容器, 通过该接入容器中包括 的一个或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够通过该接入容器被路由到, 具体地, 通过该归属容器的接入容器的一个或多个路由节点, 可以将该内容请求包路 由到该归属容器, 由于该归属容器中存在该请求内容的内容名对应的转发表 项, 因此通过该归属容器中的一个或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够在该归 属容器中被直接路由到, 但本发明实施例不限于此。
此外, 当该容器集包括该请求内容的归属容器以及该归属容器的接入容 器时, 该容器集中的容器可以是一个或多个第一其它容器的接入容器; 和 /或 一个或多个第二其它容器为该容器的接入容器, 其中, 该接入容器为在拓朴 关系上包括另一容器, 且存在将该内容请求包路由到该另一容器的转发表项 的容器。 具体地, 当第二容器包括第一容器且该第二容器中存在将该内容请 求包路由到该第一容器的转发表项时, 该第二容器是该第一容器的接入容器, 但本发明实施例不限于此。
该请求内容的容器信息包括该容器集中每个容器的容器信息, 其中, 该 容器信息可以包括容器的容器标识, 可选地, 该容器信息还可以包括解析标 识, 解析标识用于标识容器是否可解析, 但本发明实施例不限于此。 可选地, 该请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信息可以形成以该请 求内容的内容名为根节点的树, 该根节点的子节点代表该请求内容的归属容 器的容器信息, 第一节点代表的容器信息对应的容器为该第一节点的父节点 代表的容器信息对应的容器的接入容器, 该第一节点是该树中除根节点和该 根节点的子节点外的其它节点。 可选地, 该请求内容的内容名和该请求内容 的容器信息还可以形成以该请求内容的内容名为入口顶点的有向无环图, 从 该入口顶点发起的有向边的终点代表该请求内容的归属容器的容器信息, 该 有向无环图中的第二顶点代表的容器信息对应的容器是第一顶点代表的容器 信息对应的容器的接入容器, 该第一顶点是该有向无环图中除入口顶点外的 其它顶点, 该第二顶点是从该第一顶点发起的有向边的终点。 可选地, 如图 14所示, 在本发明实施例中, S520, 该根据该请求内容的 内容名和该请求内容的容器信息确定该内容请求包的转发路由, 包括:
5521 , 确定转发信息表 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转 发表项;
5522, 当该 FIB 中不存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项时, 确 定该 FIB中是否存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项, 该 FIB中的转发表项包括预设的容器标识和与该预设的容器标识对应的接口;
5523, 当该 FIB 中存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转 发表项时, 根据该匹配的转发表项中的接口, 发送该内容请求包。
路由节点首先将该请求内容的内容名的前缀与 FIB 的转发表项中的内容 名前缀匹配, 当 FIB 中不存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项时, 路 由节点将该请求内容的容器集中的每个容器的容器标识依次与 FIB 的转发表 项中的预设的容器标识匹配,当容器集中存在至少一个容器的容器标识在 FIB 中有与之匹配的转发表项时, 路由节点根据该匹配的转发表项中的接口, 发 送该内容请求包。 具体匹配方法可以参见上述实施例, 这里不再赘述。
应理解, 本发明实施例只对内容请求包的内容名进行扩展, 而数据包中 的内容名依然采用现有技术中 NDN等 ICN系统的名字,不包括任何容器。 因 此, 本发明实施例的技术方案可以保留现有的 NDN等 ICN系统的安全性。 因此, 本发明实施例的内容请求的处理方法, 通过在内容名的基础上增 加内容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内 容名的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路 由扩展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。
图 15是本发明实施例的建立路由表的方法 600的示意性流程图, 该方法 可以由任何合适的装置执行, 例如, 可以由路由节点执行, 也可以由独立的 建立路由表的装置执行, 本发明实施例对此不作限定。 为了便于描述, 下面 将执行方法 600的路由节点, 或生成的路由表对应的路由节点称为本节点。 如图 15所示, 该方法 600包括:
S610, 生成本节点的路由表, 以根据该路由表生成转发信息表 FIB, 该路 由表包括全局容器路由表项, 该全局容器路由表项包括全局容器的容器标识 以及与该全局容器的容器标识对应的第一接口, 该第一接口是由该本节点连 接到达该全局容器的下一跳路由节点的接口, 该全局容器是可全局路由的容 器, 该全局容器包括拓朴相关的全局容器和 /或拓朴无关的全局容器。
因此, 本发明实施例的建立路由表的方法, 通过在内容名的基础上增加 内容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容 名的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由 扩展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。
由于 FIB是路由表的子集, 因此可以根据本发明实施例生成的路由表, 生成本节点的 FIB。该 FIB可以是根据本发明实施例的路由转发的方法和内容 请求的处理方法中的 FIB, 其具体用于当本节点接收到内容请求包时,将该内 容请求包携带的请求内容的内容名和容器信息中的容器标识与该 FIB 中的转 发表项进行匹配, 以确定该内容请求包的转发路由。
本发明实施例将所有容器分为三种类型: 拓朴相关容器、 拓朴无关大容 器和拓朴无关小容器。 其中, 拓朴相关容器是与其它容器形成拓朴关系的容 器, 该拓朴关系包括: 一个上级容器包括一个或多个下级容器, 和 /或一个下 级容器被一个或多个上级容器所包括。 其中, 当两个容器的级别相差一级时, 级别较低的容器称为级别较高的容器的下级容器, 而级别较高的容器称为该 级别较低的容器的上级容器, 该级别较低的容器可以由其上级容器为其提供 接入服务, 即该级别较高的容器是其下级容器的接入容器。
全局容器是可全局路由的容器, 包括在拓朴关系中级别最高的拓朴相关 容器和拓朴无关大容器。 而在拓朴关系中除拓朴相关的全局容器之外的其它 拓朴相关容器由其上级容器为其提供接入容器, 拓朴无关小容器可以由拓朴 相关容器为其提供接入服务。 相对应地, 路由可以分为全局路由和局域路由, 其中, 全局路由包括全局容器的路由, 局域路由包括拓朴相关容器的路由和 拓朴无关小容器的路由。 全局路由可以在整个网络内扩散, 而局域路由可以 只在网络内的部分区域扩散, 也就是说, 在所有路由节点的路由表中都可以 包括全局路由, 而只有在部分路由节点的路由表中包括局域路由。 具体地, 全局容器的路由可以存在于任意路由节点的路由表中, 而在拓朴关系中除作 为全局容器之外的其它拓朴相关容器和拓朴无关小容器的路由只存在于其接 入容器包括的路由节点的路由表中, 从而不扩散出其接入容器。
本节点的路由表可以包括全局容器路由表项, 该全局容器路由表项包括 全局容器的容器标识和与该全局容器的容器标识对应的第一接口, 该第一接 口为由本节点连接到达该全局容器的下一跳路由节点的接口。
可选地, 本节点的路由表还可以包括局域路由, 即还可以包括拓朴相关 容器路由表项和拓朴无关小容器路由表项。 具体地, 该路由表还包括用于基 于拓朴相关容器进行路由的拓朴相关容器路由表项, 通过该拓朴相关容器路 由表项, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由作为该本节点的内部路 由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器。
可选地, 该拓朴相关容器路由表项包括相对于该本节点的归属容器为下 级容器的下级容器标识以及与该下级容器标识对应的第二接口, 该第二接口 为由该本节点连接到达该下级容器的接口;
该通过该拓朴相关容器路由表项, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级容器 的路由作为该本节点的内部路由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器, 包括:
通过该拓朴相关容器路由表项中的下级容器标识以及与该下级容器标识 对应的第二接口, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由作为该本节点 的内部路由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器。
可选地, 该拓朴相关容器对应的容器标识具有能够反映该拓朴相关容器 的级别的性质, 从而表示该拓朴相关容器与其它容器之间的该拓朴关系。
可选地, 该路由表还包括拓朴无关小容器路由表项, 该拓朴无关小容器 路由表项包括拓朴无关小容器的容器标识以及与该拓朴无关小容器的容器标 识对应的第三接口, 该第三接口为由该本节点连接到达该拓朴无关小容器的 下一跳路由节点的接口。
可选地, 根据实际应用或部署策略需求, 有些拓朴无关大容器也可以由 拓朴相关容器为其提供接入服务, 此时, 这些拓朴无关大容器作为其接入容 器的内部路由无需扩散出其接入容器, 但本发明实施例不限于此。
因此, 在本发明实施例中, 核心路由表的路由表项数目基本上等于 "拓 朴相关的全局容器的路由数目" 加 "拓朴无关的全局容器的路由数目" 。 由 于这两种路由的数量都比较少, 使得总的路由表的大小甚至可以小于今天因 特网路由器中核心路由表的表项数目。 因此, 本发明实施例通过在内容名的 基础上增加内容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容属性, 并将小访问量拓 朴无关容器的路由限制在为其提供接入服务的拓朴相关容器内, 且拓朴相关 容器的下级容器的路由限制在该拓朴相关容器内, 从而使得核心路由表的表 项数目大大减少, 有效解决 NDN等现有 ICN系统中的路由扩展性问题。
上文中结合图 1至图 15, 从路由节点的角度详细描述了根据本发明实施 例的路由转发的方法、 内容请求的处理方法和构建路由表的方法, 下面将结 合图 16至图 18,从用户设备的角度描述根据本发明实施例的获取内容的方法。
图 16是根据本发明实施例的获取内容的方法 700的示意性流程图, 该方 法可以由用户设备执行。 如图 16所示, 该方法 700包括:
S710, 生成内容请求包, 该内容请求包携带请求内容的内容名和该请求 内容的容器信息, 该请求内容的容器信息包括用于标识存储该请求内容的容 器的容器标识;
S720, 将该内容请求包发送至网络设备, 以便该网络设备根据该请求内 容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信息确定该内容请求包的转发路由。
因此, 本发明实施例的获取内容的方法, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内 容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名 的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩 展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。
在 S710中, 本发明实施例中, 内容请求包携带的该请求内容的容器信息 中的容器标识对应的容器组成该请求内容的容器集。 该容器集中的容器是用 于存储一组内容的存储空间。
该容器集可以只包括一个容器, 也可以包括两个以上容器。 具体地, 该 容器集可以只包括该请求内容的归属容器, 该容器集也可以进一步包括该请 求内容的归属容器的接入容器, 该容器集还可以包括存储该请求内容的所有 容器。 其中, 该请求内容可以有一个或多个归属容器, 相对应地, 该请求内 容的内容名可以对应一个或多个归属容器, 通过该归属容器中包括的一个或 多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够在该请求内容的内容名对应的归属容器中被 路由到。 该归属容器也可以有一个或多个接入容器, 通过该接入容器中包括 的一个或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够通过该接入容器被路由到, 具体地, 通过该归属容器的接入容器的一个或多个路由节点, 可以将该内容请求包路 由到该归属容器, 由于该归属容器中存在该请求内容的内容名对应的转发表 项, 因此通过该归属容器中的一个或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够在该归 属容器中被直接路由到, 但本发明实施例不限于此。
此外, 当该容器集包括该请求内容的归属容器以及该归属容器的接入容 器时, 该容器集中的容器可以是一个或多个第一其它容器的接入容器; 和 /或 一个或多个第二其它容器为该容器的接入容器, 其中, 该接入容器为在拓朴 关系上包括另一容器, 且存在将该内容请求包路由到该另一容器的转发表项 的容器。 具体地, 当第二容器包括第一容器且该第二容器中存在将该内容请 求包路由到该第一容器的转发表项时, 该第二容器是该第一容器的接入容器, 但本发明实施例不限于此。
该请求内容的容器信息包括该容器集中每个容器的容器信息, 其中, 该 容器信息可以包括容器的容器标识, 可选地, 该容器信息还可以包括解析标 识, 解析标识用于标识容器是否可解析, 但本发明实施例不限于此。
可选地, 在本发明实施例中, 如图 17所示, 在步骤 S710之前, 该方法 700还包括:
S730, 获取该请求内容的容器信息;
相应地, S710, 生成内容请求包, 包括:
S710a, 根据该获取得到的该请求内容的容器信息, 生成内容请求包。 因此, 本发明实施例的获取内容的方法, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内 容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名 的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩 展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。
可选地, 上述获取得到的该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识可以对应 可解析容器, 用户设备可以查询解析系统对该可解析容器进行解析, 以获得 该可解析容器的接入容器, 并将该可解析容器的接入容器的容器信息添加到 该请求内容的容器信息中。 因此, 可选地, 作为另一实施例, 如图 17所示, 该方法 700还包括:
S740, 根据该请求内容的容器信息, 确定该请求内容的容器信息对应的 容器的接入容器, 并将该接入容器的容器信息添加到该请求内容的容器信息 中;
相应地, S710, 生成内容请求包, 包括:
S71 Ob , 根据该添加了该接入容器的容器信息的该请求内容的容器信息, 生成内容请求包。
可选地, 用户设备还可以继续判断上述解析得到的接入容器是否可解析, 并在该接入容器可解析时继续对其进行解析, 以获得该接入容器的接入容器, 如此循环往复, 直到解析得到的接入容器不可解析, 至此完成对该容器信息 中的容器标识对应的容器的完全解析。 因此, 可选地, 作为另一实施例, 如 图 18所示, 方法 700还包括:
S750, 根据该请求内容的容器信息, 确定该请求内容的所有可解析容器 的接入容器, 并将该所有可解析容器的接入容器的容器信息添加到该请求内 容的容器信息中;
相应地, S710, 生成内容请求包, 包括:
S710c, 根据该添加了该所有可解析容器的接入容器的容器信息的该请求 内容的容器信息, 生成内容请求包。
因此, 本发明实施例的获取内容的方法, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内 容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名 的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩 展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。 此外, 由于用户设备将可解析容器的接入 容器添加到内容请求包中, 从而可以减少路由节点在转发该内容请求包时对 容器的解析次数或将解析次数减少为零, 加快对该内容请求包的转发进度。
上文中结合图 16至图 18,从用户设备的角度详细描述了根据本发明实施 例的获取内容的方法, 下面将结合图 19至图 20, 从内容发布商的角度描述根 据本发明实施例的发布内容的方法。
图 19是根据本发明实施例的发布内容的方法 800的示意性流程图, 该方 法可以由任何合适的装置执行, 例如, 可以由内容发布商执行, 也可以由独 立的发布内容的装置执行, 本发明实施例不限于此。 下面以内容发布商执行 为例进行描述, 如图 19所示, 该方法 800包括:
S810, 确定内容的容器集以及该容器集中每个容器的容器信息, 该容器 集包括至少一个存储该内容的容器;
S820, 发布该内容和该内容的信息, 该内容的信息包括该内容的内容名 和该容器集中每个容器的容器信息, 以便用户设备根据该内容的信息生成内 容请求包并发送到网络设备以及由路由节点根据该内容请求包携带的该内容 的信息确定该内容请求包的转发路由。
因此, 本发明实施例的发布内容的方法, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内 容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名 的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩 展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。 在 S810中, 该容器集中的容器是用于存储一组内容的存储空间。
该容器集可以只包括一个容器, 也可以包括两个以上容器。 具体地, 该 容器集可以只包括该请求内容的归属容器, 其中, 该请求内容可以有一个或 多个归属容器, 相对应地, 该请求内容的内容名可以对应一个或多个归属容 器, 通过该归属容器中包括的一个或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够在该请 求内容的内容名对应的归属容器中被路由到。 该归属容器也可以有一个或多 个接入容器, 通过该接入容器中包括的一个或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能 够通过该接入容器被路由到, 具体地, 通过该归属容器的接入容器的一个或 多个路由节点, 可以将该内容请求包路由到该归属容器, 由于该归属容器中 存在该请求内容的内容名对应的转发表项, 因此通过该归属容器中的一个或 多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够在该归属容器中被直接路由到, 但本发明实 施例不限于此。
可选地, 当该归属容器的一个或多个接入容器可以保持长时间不变时, 该容器集也可以进一步包括该请求内容的归属容器的接入容器, 可选地, 该 容器集还可以包括存储该请求内容的所有容器。 该请求内容的容器信息包括 该容器集中每个容器的容器信息, 其中, 该容器信息可以包括容器的容器标 识。
然而, 当该容器集中的至少一个容器的接入容器经常发生变化时, 内容 发布商可以在容器集中不包括该至少一个容器的接入容器, 以保证该容器集 的持久性。 并且, 内容发布商还可以将该至少一个容器与其接入容器的对应 关系注册到解析系统, 以使得将该至少一个容器设置为可解析容器, 该至少 一个容器可以将其接入容器的变化实时通知解析系统, 并由用户设备和路由 节点查询解析系统获得该至少一个容器的接入容器。 这样既可以保证内容的 容器集的持久性, 又可以保持内 各由的灵活性。 因此, 可选地, 如图 20所 示, 该方法 800还包括:
S830, 将该容器集中的至少一个容器和该至少一个容器的接入容器注册 到解析系统, 以便用户或路由节点通过查询该解析系统获得该至少一个容器 的接入容器。 此时, 可选地, 该容器信息还可以进一步包括解析标识, 解析标识用于 标识容器是否可解析, 但本发明实施例不限于此。
因此, 本发明实施例的发布内容的方法, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内 容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名 的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩 展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。
应理解, 上述过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后, 各过程的 执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定, 而不应对本发明实施例的实施过程构 成任何限定。
上文中结合图 1至图 20, 详细描述了根据本发明实施例的路由转发的方 法、 内容请求的处理方法、 建立路由表的方法、 获取内容的方法以及发布内 容的方法, 下面将结合图 21至图 40, 详细描述根据本发明实施例的路由器、 建立路由表的装置、 用户设备以及发布内容的装置。
图 21是根据本发明实施例的路由器 900的示意性框图, 包括:
接收模块 910, 用于接收内容请求包, 该内容请求包携带请求内容的内容 名和该请求内容的容器信息, 该请求内容的容器信息包括用于标识存储该请 求内容的容器的容器标识;
第一确定模块 920, 用于确定转发信息表 FIB 中是否存在与该接收模块 910接收的该内容请求包携带的该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项;
第二确定模块 930,用于当该第一确定模块 920确定该 FIB中不存在与该 请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项时, 确定该 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内容 的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项, 该 FIB 中的转发表项包括预设的 容器标识以及与该预设的容器标识对应的接口;
发送模块 940,用于当该第二确定模块 930确定该 FIB中存在与该请求内 容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 根据该匹配的转发表项中的 接口, 发送该内容请求包。
因此, 本发明实施例的路由器, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内容的容器 信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩展性和移 动性等问题提供可能性。
在本发明实施例中, 接收模块 910接收的内容请求包可以只携带一个容 器的容器信息, 也可以携带两个以上容器的容器信息, 本发明实施例不限于 此。
该容器是用于存储一组内容的存储空间。 该一组内容包括一个或多个内 容。 该容器包括至少一个路由节点, 通过该至少一个路由节点中的一个或多 个路由节点, 该请求内容能够在该容器内被路由到, 或该请求内容能够通过 该容器被路由到。 该容器对应一个或多个内容名, 该请求内容的内容名对应 一个或多个归属容器, 该请求内容能够在该请求内容的内容名对应的归属容 器中被路由到。 该容器是一个或多个第一其它容器的接入容器; 和 /或一个或 多个第二其它容器为该容器的接入容器; 其中, 该接入容器为在拓朴关系上 包括另一容器, 且存在将该内容请求包路由到该另一容器的转发表项的容器。 具体地, 当第二容器包括第一容器且该第二容器中存在将该内容请求包路由 到该第一容器的转发表项时, 该第二容器是该第一容器的接入容器。
在本发明实施例中, 容器的容器信息包括容器的容器标识, 可选地, 该 容器信息还包括与该容器标识对应的解析标识, 该解析标识用于标识与该容 器标识对应的容器是否可解析; 如图 22所示, 第二确定模块 930包括:
第一解析单元 931 , 用于根据该解析标识, 解析获得该请求内容的所有可 解析容器的接入容器的容器标识;
第一确定单元 932,具体用于将该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识以及 该第一解析单元 931 解析获得的该请求内容的所有可解析容器的接入容器的 容器标识与该 FIB中的预设的容器标识进行匹配, 以确定该 FIB中是否存在 与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识以及该接入容器的容器标识匹配的转 发表项。
可选地, 该路由器还包括:
第一添加模块 945,用于将该第一解析单元 931解析获得的该请求内容的 所有可解析容器的接入容器的容器信息添加到该请求内容的容器信息中。 因此, 本发明实施例的路由器, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内容的容器 信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩展性和移 动性等问题提供可能性。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 该容器信息还包括与该容器标识对应的解析 标识, 该解析标识用于标识与该容器标识对应的容器是否可解析; 如图 23所 示, 该路由器 900还包括:
第一解析模块 950,用于当该第二确定模块 940确定该 FIB中不存在与该 请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 根据该解析标识, 解 析获得该容器的接入容器的容器标识;
该第二确定模块 940还用于将该第一解析模块 950解析获得的接入容器 的容器标识与该 FIB中的预设的容器标识进行匹配, 以确定该 FIB中是否存 在与该解析获得的接入容器的容器标识匹配的转发表项。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 如图 23所示, 该路由器 900还包括: 第二添加模块 955,用于将该第一解析模块 950解析获得的接入容器的容 器信息添加到该请求内容的容器信息中。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 该 FIB 中的转发表项包括内容名前缀和该内 容名前缀对应的接口, 相对应地, 该第一确定模块 920具体用于根据该请求 内容的内容名的前缀与该 FIB 中的转发表项中的内容名前缀是否匹配, 确定 该 FIB中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项;
该发送模块 940还用于当该第一确定模块 920确定该 FIB中存在与该请 求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项时, 根据该匹配的转发表项中的接口, 发送 该内容请求包。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 如图 24所示, 该路由器 900还包括: 第三确定模块 960,用于在该第一确定模块 920确定 FIB中是否存在与该 请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项之前,确定内容存储表 CS中是否存在与该 请求内容的内容名匹配的内容;
该发送模块 940还用于当该第三确定模块 960确定该 CS中存在与该请求 内容的内容名匹配的内容时, 将该匹配的内容发送至该内容请求包的发送端; 该第一确定模块 920还用于当该第三确定模块 960确定该 CS中不存在与 该请求内容的内容名匹配的内容时, 执行该确定 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内 容的内容名匹配的转发表项的步骤。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 如图 25所示, 该路由器 900还包括: 第四确定模块 965 , 用于当该第三确定模块 960确定该 CS中不存在与该 请求内容的内容名匹配的内容时, 确定驻留信息表 PIT 中是否存在与该请求 内容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项;
更新模块 970,用于当该第四确定模块 965确定该 PIT中存在与该请求内 容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项时, 将该内容请求包的发送端对应的接口添加到 该匹配的 PIT表项;
该第一确定模块 920还用于当该第四确定模块 965确定该 PIT中不存在 与该请求内容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项时, 执行该确定 FIB中是否存在与该 请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项的步骤。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 该发送模块 940还用于当该 FIB中不存在与 该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 根据默认接口发送 该内容请求包; 或
该路由器 900还包括:
丢弃模块 975 ,用于当该 FIB中不存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器 标识匹配的转发表项时, 将该内容请求包丢弃。
因此, 本发明实施例的路由器, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内容的容器 信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩展性和移 动性等问题提供可能性。
本发明实施例将所有容器分为三种类型: 拓朴相关容器、 拓朴无关大容 器和拓朴无关小容器。 其中, 拓朴相关容器是与其它容器形成拓朴关系的容 器, 该拓朴关系包括: 一个上级容器包括一个或多个下级容器, 和 /或一个下 级容器被一个或多个上级容器所包括。 其中, 当两个容器的级别相差一级时, 级别较低的容器称为级别较高的容器的下级容器, 而级别较高的容器称为该 级别较低的容器的上级容器, 该级别较低的容器可以由其上级容器为其提供 接入服务, 即该级别较高的容器是其下级容器的接入容器。
全局容器是可全局路由的容器, 包括在拓朴关系中级别最高的拓朴相关 容器和拓朴无关大容器。 而在拓朴关系中除拓朴相关的全局容器之外的其它 拓朴相关容器由其上级容器为其提供接入容器, 拓朴无关小容器可以由拓朴 相关容器为其提供接入服务。 相对应地, 全局容器的路由可以存在于任意路 由节点的路由表中, 而在拓朴关系中除作为全局容器之外的其它拓朴相关容 器和拓朴无关小容器的路由只存在于其接入容器包括的路由节点的路由表 中, 从而不扩散出其接入容器。
可选地, 在本发明实施例中, 该 FIB 包括全局容器转发表项, 该全局容 器转发表项包括全局容器的容器标识以及与该全局容器的容器标识对应的第 一接口, 该第一接口是由本节点连接到达该全局容器的下一跳路由节点的接 口, 该全局容器是可全局路由的容器, 该全局容器包括拓朴相关的全局容器 和 /或拓朴无关的全局容器。
可选地, 该 FIB还包括用于基于拓朴相关容器进行路由的拓朴相关容器 转发表项, 通过该拓朴相关容器转发表项, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级 容器的路由作为该本节点的内部路由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器;
其中, 该拓朴相关容器是与其它容器形成拓朴关系的容器, 该拓朴关系 包括: 一个上级容器包括一个或多个下级容器, 和 /或一个下级容器被一个或 多个上级容器所包括。
可选地, 该拓朴相关容器转发表项包括相对于该本节点的归属容器为下 级容器的容器标识以及与该下级容器的容器标识对应的第二接口, 该第二接 口为由该本节点连接到达该下级容器的接口; 相对应地, 该通过该拓朴相关 容器转发表项, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由作为该本节点的 内部路由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器, 包括:
通过该拓朴相关容器转发表项中的该下级容器的容器标识以及与该下级 容器的容器标识对应的第二接口, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路 由作为该本节点的内部路由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器。
可选地, 该拓朴相关容器对应的容器标识具有能够反映该拓朴相关容器 的级别的性质, 从而表示该拓朴相关容器与其它容器之间形成的该拓朴关系。
可选地, 该 FIB还包括拓朴无关小容器转发表项, 该拓朴无关小容器转 发表项包括拓朴无关小容器的容器标识以及与该拓朴无关小容器的容器标识 对应的第三接口, 该第三接口为由本节点连接到达该拓朴无关小容器的下一 跳路由节点的接口。
因此, 本发明实施例通过在内容名的基础上增加内容的容器信息以扩展 ICN 系统中的内容属性, 并将拓朴无关小容器的路由限制在为其提供接入服 务的拓朴相关容器内, 且将拓朴相关容器的下级容器的路由限制在该拓朴相 关容器内, 从而使得核心路由表的表项数目大大减少, 有效解决 NDN等现有 ICN系统中的路由扩展性问题。
根据本发明实施例的路由器 900可对应于根据本发明实施例的路由转发 的方法中的装置, 并且路由器 900中的各个模块的上述和其它操作和 /或功能 分别为了实现图 1至图 12中的各个方法的相应流程, 为避免重复, 在此不再 赘述。
因此, 本发明实施例的路由器, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内容的容器 信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩展性和移 动性等问题提供可能性。
图 26是根据本发明另一实施例的路由器 1000的示意性框图, 如图 26所 示, 该路由器 1000包括:
接收模块 1010, 用于接收内容请求包, 该内容请求包携带请求内容的内 容名和该请求内容的容器信息, 该请求内容的容器信息包括用于标识存储该 请求内容的容器的容器标识, 该容器包括至少一个路由节点, 通过该至少一 个路由节点中的一个或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够在该容器内被路由到, 或该请求内容能够通过该容器被路由到;
确定模块 1020,用于根据该接收模块 1010接收的该内容请求包携带的该 请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信息 , 确定该内容请求包的转发路由。 因此, 本发明实施例的路由器, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内容的容器 信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩展性和移 动性等问题提供可能性。
在本发明实施例中, 该内容请求包可以只携带一个容器的容器信息, 也 可以携带两个以上容器的容器信息, 本发明实施例不限于此。 容器的容器信 息包括容器的容器标识, 可选地, 容器的容器信息还可以进一步包括容器的 解析标识, 本发明实施例不限于此。
该容器是用于存储一组内容的存储空间。 可选地, 该请求内容的内容名 对应一个或多个归属容器, 该请求内容的归属容器是能够直接路由到该请求 内容的容器, 该归属容器中存在该请求内容的内容名对应的转发表项。
可选地, 该容器是一个或多个第一其它容器的接入容器; 和 /或一个或多 个第二其它容器为该容器的接入容器; 其中, 该接入容器为在拓朴关系上包 括另一容器, 且存在将该内容请求包路由到该另一容器的转发表项的容器。 具体地, 当第二容器包括第一容器且该第二容器中存在将该内容请求包路由 到该第一容器的转发表项时, 该第二容器是该第一容器的接入容器。
可选地, 在本发明实施例中, 如图 27所示, 该确定模块 1020包括: 第一确定单元 1021 , 用于确定转发信息表 FIB中是否存在与该请求内容 的内容名匹配的转发表项;
第二确定单元 1022,用于当该第一确定单元 1021确定该 FIB中不存在与 该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项时, 确定该 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内 容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项, 该 FIB 中的转发表项包括预设 的容器标识和与该预设的容器标识对应的接口;
发送单元 1023,用于当该第二确定单元 1022确定该 FIB中存在与该请求 内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 根据该匹配的转发表项中 的接口, 发送该内容请求包。
可选地, 该请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信息形成以该请求内 容的内容名为根节点的树, 该根节点的子节点代表该请求内容的归属容器的 容器信息, 第一节点代表的容器信息对应的容器为该第一节点的父节点代表 的容器信息对应的容器的接入容器, 该第一节点是该树中除根节点和该根节 点的子节点外的其它节点。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 该请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信 息形成以该请求内容的内容名为入口顶点的有向无环图, 从该入口顶点发起 的有向边的终点代表该请求内容的归属容器的容器信息, 该有向无环图中的 第二顶点代表的容器信息对应的容器是第一顶点代表的容器信息对应的容器 的接入容器, 该第一顶点是该有向无环图中除入口顶点外的其它顶点, 该第 二顶点是从该第一顶点发起的有向边的终点。
相对应地, 在内容请求包中, 可以将该树型结构或有向无环图结构表示 成文本格式, 本发明实施例不限于此。
根据本发明实施例的路由器 1000可对应于根据本发明实施例的内容请求 的处理方法中的路由器, 并且路由器 1000中的各个模块的上述和其它操作和 /或功能分别为了实现图 13和图 14中的各个方法的相应流程, 为避免重复, 在此不再赘述。
因此, 本发明实施例的路由器, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内容的容器 信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩展性和移 动性等问题提供可能性。
图 28是根据本发明实施例的建立路由表的装置 1100的示意性框图。 该 装置可能是路由器, 也可以是网络中独立的装置, 本发明实施例不限于此。 如图 28所示, 该装置 1100包括:
生成模块 1110, 用于生成本节点的路由表, 以根据该路由表生成转发信 息表 FIB, 该路由表包括全局容器路由表项, 该全局容器路由表项包括全局容 器的容器标识以及与该全局容器的容器标识对应的第一接口, 该第一接口是 由该本节点连接到达该全局容器的下一跳路由节点的接口, 该全局容器是可 全局路由的容器, 该全局容器包括拓朴相关的全局容器和 /或拓朴无关的全局 谷备,
存储模块 1120, 用于存储该生成模块 1110生成的路由表。
由于 FIB是路由表的子集, 因此可以根据本发明实施例生成的路由表, 生成本节点的 FIB。该 FIB可以是根据本发明实施例的路由转发的方法和内容 请求的处理方法中的 FIB, 其具体用于当本节点接收到内容请求包时,将该内 容请求包携带的请求内容的内容名和容器信息中的容器标识与该 FIB 中的转 发表项进行匹配, 以确定该内容请求包的转发路由。
本发明实施例将所有容器分为三种类型: 拓朴相关容器、 拓朴无关大容 器和拓朴无关小容器。 其中, 拓朴相关容器是与其它容器形成拓朴关系的容 器, 该拓朴关系包括: 一个上级容器包括一个或多个下级容器, 和 /或一个下 级容器被一个或多个上级容器所包括。 其中, 当两个容器的级别相差一级时, 级别较低的容器称为级别较高的容器的下级容器 , 而级别较高的容器称为该 级别较低的容器的上级容器, 该级别较低的容器可以由其上级容器为其提供 接入服务, 即该级别较高的容器是其下级容器的接入容器。
全局容器是可全局路由的容器, 包括在拓朴关系中级别最高的拓朴相关 容器和拓朴无关大容器。 而在拓朴关系中除拓朴相关的全局容器之外的其它 拓朴相关容器由其上级容器为其提供接入容器, 拓朴无关小容器可以由拓朴 相关容器为其提供接入服务。 相对应地, 全局容器的路由可以存在于任意路 由节点的路由表中, 而在拓朴关系中除作为全局容器之外的其它拓朴相关容 器和拓朴无关小容器的路由只存在于其接入容器包括的路由节点的路由表 中, 从而不扩散出其接入容器。
本节点的路由表可以包括全局容器路由表项, 该全局容器路由表项包括 全局容器的容器标识和与该全局容器的容器标识对应的第一接口, 该第一接 口为由本节点连接到达该全局容器的下一跳路由节点的接口。
可选地, 本节点的路由表还可以包括局域路由, 即还可以包括拓朴相关 容器路由表项和拓朴无关小容器路由表项。 具体地, 该路由表还包括用于基 于拓朴相关容器进行路由的拓朴相关容器路由表项, 通过该拓朴相关容器路 由表项, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由作为该本节点的内部路 由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器。
可选地, 该拓朴相关容器路由表项包括相对于该本节点的归属容器为下 级容器的下级容器标识以及与该下级容器标识对应的第二接口, 该第二接口 为由该本节点连接到达该下级容器的接口;
该通过该拓朴相关容器路由表项, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级容器 的路由作为该本节点的内部路由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器, 包括:
通过该拓朴相关容器路由表项中的下级容器标识以及与该下级容器标识 对应的第二接口, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由作为该本节点 的内部路由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器。
可选地, 该拓朴相关容器对应的容器标识具有能够反映该拓朴相关容器 的级别的性质, 从而表示该拓朴相关容器与其它容器之间的该拓朴关系。
可选地, 该路由表还包括拓朴无关小容器路由表项, 该拓朴无关小容器 路由表项包括拓朴无关小容器的容器标识以及与该拓朴无关小容器的容器标 识对应的第三接口, 该第三接口为由该本节点连接到达该拓朴无关小容器的 下一跳路由节点的接口。
可选地, 根据实际应用或部署策略需求, 有些拓朴无关大容器也可以由 拓朴相关容器为其提供接入服务, 此时, 这些拓朴无关大容器作为其接入容 器的内部路由无需扩散出其接入容器, 但本发明实施例不限于此。
因此, 在本发明实施例中, 核心路由表的路由表项数目基本上等于 "拓 朴相关的全局容器的路由数目" 加 "拓朴无关的全局容器的路由数目" 。 由 于这两种路由的数量都比较少, 使得总的路由表的大小甚至可以小于今天因 特网路由器中核心路由表的表项数目。 因此, 本发明实施例通过在内容名的 基础上增加内容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容属性, 并将小访问量拓 朴无关容器的路由限制在为其提供接入服务的拓朴相关容器内, 且拓朴相关 容器的下级容器的路由限制在该拓朴相关容器内, 从而使得核心路由表的表 项数目大大减少, 有效解决 NDN等现有 ICN系统中的路由扩展性问题。
根据本发明实施例的建立路由表的装置 1100可对应于根据本发明实施例 的建立路由表的方法中的装置, 并且建立路由表的装置 1100中的各个模块的 上述和其它操作和 /或功能分别为了实现图 14和图 15中的各个方法的相应流 程, 为避免重复, 在此不再赘述。
图 29是根据本发明实施例的用户设备 1200的示意性框图, 包括: 生成模块 1210, 用于生成内容请求包, 该内容请求包携带请求内容的内 容名和该请求内容的容器信息, 该请求内容的容器信息包括用于标识存储该 请求内容的容器的容器标识;
发送模块 1220,用于将该生成模块 1210生成的该内容请求包发送至网络 设备, 以便该网络设备根据该请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信息确 定该内容请求包的转发路由。
因此, 本发明实施例的用户设备, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内容的容 器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性,能够减少路由转发对内容名的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩展性和移 动性等问题提供可能性。
可选地, 在本发明实施例中, 该请求内容的内容名对应一个或多个归属 容器, 该请求内容的归属容器是能够直接路由到该请求内容的容器。
可选地, 该容器包括至少一个路由节点, 通过该至少一个路由节点中的 一个或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够在该容器内被路由到, 或该请求内容 能够通过该容器被路由到。
可选地, 该容器信息还包括与该容器标识对应的解析标识, 该解析标识 用于标识与该容器标识对应的容器是否可解析。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 如图 30所示, 用户设备 1200还包括: 获耳 ^莫块 1230, 用于在该生成模块生成内容请求包之前, 获取该请求内 容的容器信息;
该生成模块 1210具体用于根据该获取模块 1230获取的该请求内容的容 器信息, 生成内容请求包。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 如图 31所示, 用户设备 1200还包括: 第一确定模块 1240,用于根据该获取模块 1230获取的该请求内容的容器 信息, 确定该容器的接入容器; 第一更新模块 1250,用于将该第一确定模块 1240确定的该接入容器的容 器信息添加到该请求内容的容器信息中;
该生成模块 1210具体用于根据该第一更新模块 1250更新后的该请求内 容的容器信息, 生成内容请求包。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 如图 32所示, 用户设备 1200还包括: 第二确定模块 1260,用于根据该获取模块 1230获取的该请求内容的容器 信息, 确定该请求内容的所有可解析容器的接入容器;
第二更新模块 1270,用于将该第二确定模块 1260确定的该所有可解析容 器的接入容器的容器信息添加到该请求内容的容器信息中;
生成模块 1210具体用于根据该第二更新模块 1270更新后的该请求内容 的容器信息, 生成内容请求包。
根据本发明实施例的用户设备 1200可对应于根据本发明实施例的获取内 容的方法中的装置, 并且用户设备 1200 中的各个模块的上述和其它操作和 / 或功能分别为了实现图 16至图 18中的各个方法的相应流程, 为避免重复, 在此不再赘述。
因此, 本发明实施例的用户设备, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内容的容 器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性,能够减少路由转发对内容名的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩展性和移 动性等问题提供可能性。
图 33是根据本发明实施例的发布内容的装置 1300的示意性框图。 如图 33所示, 该装置 1300包括:
确定模块 1310, 用于确定内容的容器集以及该容器集中每个容器的容器 信息, 该容器集包括至少一个存储该内容的容器;
发布模块 1320, 用于发布该内容和该内容的信息, 该内容的信息包括该 内容的内容名和该确定模块 1310确定的该容器集中每个容器的容器信息, 以 便用户根据该内容的信息生成内容请求包并发送到网络设备并由路由节点根 据该内容请求包携带的该内容的信息确定该内容请求包的转发路由。
因此, 本发明实施例的发布内容的装置, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内 容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名 的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩 展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。
可选地, 在本发明实施例中, 该容器信息包括容器标识。
可选地, 该容器包括至少一个路由节点, 通过该至少一个路由节点中的 一个或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够在该容器内被路由到, 或该请求内容 能够通过该容器被路由到。
可选地, 该内容的内容名对应一个或多个归属容器, 该请求内容的归属 容器是能够直接路由到该请求内容的容器。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 如图 34所示, 该装置 1300还包括: 注册模块 1330, 用于将该容器集中的至少一个容器和该至少一个容器的 接入容器注册到解析系统, 以便用户或路由节点通过查询该解析系统获得该 至少一个容器的接入容器。
可选地, 该容器信息包括: 容器标识和解析标识, 该解析标识用于标识 容器是否可解析。
根据本发明实施例的发布内容的装置 1300可对应于根据本发明实施例的 获取内容的方法中的装置, 并且发布内容的装置 1300中的各个模块的上述和 其它操作和 /或功能分别为了实现图 19至图 20中的各个方法的相应流程, 为 避免重复, 在此不再赘述。
因此, 本发明实施例的发布内容的装置, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内 容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名 的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩 展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。
图 35是根据本发明实施例的路由器 1400的示意性框图。 如图 35所示, 该路由器 1400包括: 接收器 1410, 存储器 1420, 处理器 1430, 例如 CPU, 和发送器 1440。 其中, 该存储器 1420用于存储对转发引擎的指令, 该转发引 擎可以包括转发信息表 FIB, 也可以包括 CS和 FIB, 也可以包括 CS、 PIT和 FIB。 该处理器 1430用于执行该存储器 1420存储的对转发引擎的指令。 该接收器 1410, 用于接收内容请求包, 该内容请求包携带请求内容的内 容名和该请求内容的容器信息, 该请求内容的容器信息包括用于标识存储该 请求内容的容器的容器标识;
该处理器 1430, 用于确定转发信息表 FIB中是否存在与该接收模块 1410 接收的该内容请求包携带的该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项, 以及当该 FIB中不存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项时,确定该 FIB中是否存 在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项, 该 FIB 中的转发 表项包括预设的容器标识以及与该预设的容器标识对应的接口;
该发送器 1440,用于当该处理器 1430确定该 FIB中存在与该请求内容的 容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 根据该匹配的转发表项中的接口, 发送该内容请求包。
可选地, 在本发明实施例中, 该接收模块 1410接收的内容请求包可以只 携带一个容器的容器信息, 也可以携带两个以上容器的容器信息, 本发明实 施例不限于此。
该容器是用于存储一组内容的存储空间。 该容器包括至少一个路由节点, 通过该至少一个路由节点中的一个或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够在该容 器内被路由到, 或该请求内容能够通过该容器被路由到。 该请求内容的内容 名对应一个或多个归属容器, 该请求内容的归属容器是能够直接路由到该请 求内容的容器。 该容器是一个或多个第一其它容器的接入容器; 和 /或一个或 多个第二其它容器为该容器的接入容器; 其中, 该接入容器为在拓朴关系上 包括另一容器, 且存在将该内容请求包路由到该另一容器的转发表项的容器, 具体地, 当第二容器包括第一容器且该第二容器中存在将该内容请求包路由 到该第一容器的转发表项时, 该第二容器是该第一容器的接入容器。
在本发明实施例中, 容器的容器信息包括容器的容器标识, 可选地, 该 容器信息还包括与该容器标识对应的解析标识, 该解析标识用于标识与该容 器标识对应的容器是否可解析; 相对应地, 该处理器 1430具体用于根据该解 析标识, 解析获得该请求内容的所有可解析容器的接入容器的容器标识; 以 及将解析获得的该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识以及该请求内容的所有 可解析容器的接入容器的容器标识与该 FIB 中的预设的容器标识进行匹配, 以确定该 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识以及该接入 容器的容器标识匹配的转发表项。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 该处理器 1430还用于将该请求内容的所有可 解析容器的接入容器的容器信息添加到该请求内容的容器信息中。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 该处理器 1430还用于当该 FIB中不存在与该 请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 根据该解析标识, 解 析获得该容器的接入容器的容器标识, 并将该解析获得的接入容器的容器标 识与该 FIB中的预设的容器标识进行匹配, 以确定该 FIB中是否存在与该解 析获得的接入容器的容器标识匹配的转发表项。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 该 FIB 中的转发表项包括内容名前缀和该内 容名前缀对应的接口; 该处理器 1430还用于根据该请求内容的内容名的前缀 与该 FIB中的转发表项中的内容名前缀是否匹配, 确定该 FIB中是否存在与 该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项;
该发送器 1440还用于当该处理器 1430确定该 FIB中存在与该请求内容 的内容名匹配的转发表项时, 根据该匹配的转发表项中的接口, 发送该内容 请求包。
可选地,作为另一实施例,该转发引擎还可以进一步包括内容存储表 CS, 该处理器 1430还用于在该 FIB中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发 表项之前, 确定 CS中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的内容;
该发送器 1440还用于当该处理器 1430确定该 CS中存在与该请求内容的 内容名匹配的内容时, 将该匹配的内容发送至该内容请求包的发送端;
该该处理器 1430还用于当该 CS中不存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的 内容时, 执行该确定 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项 的步骤。
可选地,作为另一实施例,该转发引擎也可以进一步包括 CS表和 PIT表, 该处理器 1430具体用于当该 CS中不存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的内容 时, 确定驻留信息表 PIT中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项, 并且, 当该 PIT中存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项时, 将该内容 请求包的发送端对应的接口添加到该匹配的 PIT表项, 以及该 PIT中不存在 与该请求内容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项时, 执行该确定 FIB中是否存在与该 请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项的步骤。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 该发送器 1440还用于当该 FIB中不存在与该 请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 根据默认接口发送该 内容请求包; 或
该处理器 1430还用于当该 FIB中不存在与该请求内容的容器信息中的容 器标识匹配的转发表项时, 将该内容请求包丢弃。
因此, 本发明实施例的路由器, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内容的容器 信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩展性和移 动性等问题提供可能性。
可选地, 在本发明实施例中, 该 FIB 包括全局容器转发表项, 该全局容 器转发表项包括全局容器的容器标识以及与该全局容器的容器标识对应的第 一接口, 该第一接口是由本节点连接到达该全局容器的下一跳路由节点的接 口, 该全局容器是可全局路由的容器, 该全局容器包括拓朴相关的全局容器 和 /或拓朴无关的全局容器。
可选地, 该 FIB还包括用于基于拓朴相关容器进行路由的拓朴相关容器 转发表项, 通过该拓朴相关容器转发表项, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级 容器的路由作为该本节点的内部路由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器;
其中, 该拓朴相关容器是与其它容器形成拓朴关系的容器, 该拓朴关系 包括: 一个上级容器包括一个或多个下级容器, 和 /或一个下级容器被一个或 多个上级容器所包括。
可选地, 该拓朴相关容器转发表项包括相对于该本节点的归属容器为下 级容器的容器标识以及与该下级容器的容器标识对应的第二接口, 该第二接 口为由该本节点连接到达该下级容器的接口; 相对应地, 该通过该拓朴相关 容器转发表项, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由作为该本节点的 内部路由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器, 包括:
通过该拓朴相关容器转发表项中的该下级容器的容器标识以及与该下级 容器的容器标识对应的第二接口, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路 由作为该本节点的内部路由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器。
可选地, 该拓朴相关容器对应的容器标识具有能够反映该拓朴相关容器 的级别的性质, 从而表示该拓朴相关容器与其它容器之间形成的该拓朴关系。
可选地, 该 FIB还包括拓朴无关小容器转发表项, 该拓朴无关小容器转 发表项包括拓朴无关小容器的容器标识以及与该拓朴无关小容器的容器标识 对应的第三接口, 该第三接口为由本节点连接到达该拓朴无关小容器的下一 跳路由节点的接口。
根据本发明实施例的路由器 1400可对应于根据本发明实施例的路由转发 的方法中的装置,并且路由器 1400中的各个模块的上述和其它操作和 /或功能 分别为了实现图 1至图 12中的各个方法的相应流程, 为避免重复, 在此不再 赘述。
因此, 本发明实施例通过在内容名的基础上增加内容的容器信息以扩展 ICN 系统中的内容属性, 并将拓朴无关小容器的路由限制在为其提供接入服 务的拓朴相关容器内, 且将拓朴相关容器的下级容器的路由限制在该拓朴相 关容器内, 从而使得核心路由表的表项数目大大减少, 有效解决 NDN等现有 ICN系统中的路由扩展性问题。
图 36是根据本发明另一实施例的路由器 1500的示意性框图, 如图 36所 示, 该路由器 1500包括: 接收器 1510, 存储器 1520和处理器 1530, 例如 CPU。 其中, 该存储器 1520用于存储对转发引擎的指令, 该转发引擎可以包 括 FIB, 也可以包括 FIB和 CS, 也可以包括 FIB、 CS和 PIT。 该处理器 1530 用于执行该存储器 1520存储的指令。 具体地,
该接收器 1510, 用于接收内容请求包, 该内容请求包携带请求内容的内 容名和该请求内容的容器信息, 该请求内容的容器信息包括用于标识存储该 请求内容的容器的容器标识, 该容器包括至少一个路由节点, 通过该至少一 个路由节点中的一个或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够在该容器内被路由到, 或该请求内容能够通过该容器被路由到;
该处理器 1530,用于根据该接收器 1510接收的该内容请求包携带的该请 求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信息, 确定该内容请求包的转发路由。
因此, 本发明实施例的路由器, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内容的容器 信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩展性和移 动性等问题提供可能性。
可选地, 该内容请求包可以只携带一个容器的容器信息, 也可以携带两 个以上容器的容器信息, 本发明实施例不限于此。 容器的容器信息包括容器 的容器标识, 可选地, 容器的容器信息还可以进一步包括容器的解析标识, 本发明实施例不限于此。
该容器是用于存储一组内容的存储空间。 可选地, 该请求内容的内容名 对应一个或多个归属容器, 该请求内容的归属容器是能够直接路由到该请求 内容的容器。
可选地, 该容器是一个或多个第一其它容器的接入容器; 和 /或一个或多 个第二其它容器为该容器的接入容器; 其中, 该接入容器为在拓朴关系上包 括另一容器, 且存在将该内容请求包路由到该另一容器的转发表项的容器, 具体地, 当第二容器包括第一容器且该第二容器中存在将该内容请求包路由 到该第一容器的转发表项时, 该第二容器是该第一容器的接入容器。
可选地,在本发明实施例中,该处理器 1530具体用于确定转发信息表 FIB 中是否存在与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项, 以及当该 FIB 中不存在 与该请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项时, 确定该 FIB 中是否存在与该请求 内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项, 该 FIB 中的转发表项包括预 设的容器标识和与该预设的容器标识对应的接口;
相对应地, 如图 37所示, 该路由器 1500还包括:
发送器 1540,用于当该处理器 1530确定该 FIB中存在与该请求内容的容 器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 根据该匹配的转发表项中的接口, 发送该内容请求包。 可选地, 该请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信息形成以该请求内 容的内容名为根节点的树, 该根节点的子节点代表该请求内容的归属容器的 容器信息, 第一节点代表的容器信息对应的容器为该第一节点的父节点代表 的容器信息对应的容器的接入容器, 该第一节点是该树中除根节点和该根节 点的子节点外的其它节点。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 该请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信 息形成以该请求内容的内容名为入口顶点的有向无环图, 从该入口顶点发起 的有向边的终点代表该请求内容的归属容器的容器信息, 该有向无环图中的 第二顶点代表的容器信息对应的容器是第一顶点代表的容器信息对应的容器 的接入容器, 该第一顶点是该有向无环图中除入口顶点外的其它顶点, 该第 二顶点是从该第一顶点发起的有向边的终点。
相对应地, 在内容请求包中, 可以将该树型结构或有向无环图结构表示 成文本格式, 本发明实施例不限于此。
根据本发明实施例的路由器 1500可对应于根据本发明实施例的内容请求 的处理方法中的路由器, 并且路由器 1500中的各个模块的上述和其它操作和 /或功能分别为了实现图 13和图 14中的各个方法的相应流程, 为避免重复, 在此不再赘述。
因此, 本发明实施例的路由器, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内容的容器 信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩展性和移 动性等问题提供可能性。
图 38是根据本发明实施例的建立路由表的装置 1600的示意性框图, 如 图 38所示, 该建立路由表的装置 1600包括: 处理器 1610, 例如 CPU, 和存 储器 1620。 具体地,
该处理器 1610, 用于生成本节点的路由表, 以根据该路由表生成转发信 息表 FIB, 该路由表包括全局容器路由表项, 该全局容器路由表项包括全局容 器的容器标识以及与该全局容器的容器标识对应的第一接口, 该第一接口是 由该本节点连接到达该全局容器的下一跳路由节点的接口, 该全局容器是可 全局路由的容器, 该全局容器包括拓朴相关的全局容器和 /或拓朴无关的全局 谷备,
该存储器 1620, 用于存储该处理器 1610生成的路由表。
由于 FIB是路由表的子集, 因此可以根据本发明实施例生成的路由表, 生成本节点的 FIB。该 FIB可以是根据本发明实施例的路由转发的方法和内容 请求的处理方法中的 FIB, 其具体用于当本节点接收到内容请求包时,将该内 容请求包携带的请求内容的内容名和容器信息中的容器标识与该 FIB 中的转 发表项进行匹配, 以确定该内容请求包的转发路由。
本发明实施例将所有容器分为三种类型: 拓朴相关容器、 拓朴无关大容 器和拓朴无关小容器。 其中, 拓朴相关容器是与其它容器形成拓朴关系的容 器, 该拓朴关系包括: 一个上级容器包括一个或多个下级容器, 和 /或一个下 级容器被一个或多个上级容器所包括。 其中, 当两个容器的级别相差一级时, 级别较低的容器称为级别较高的容器的下级容器 , 而级别较高的容器称为该 级别较低的容器的上级容器, 该级别较低的容器可以由其上级容器为其提供 接入服务, 即该级别较高的容器是其下级容器的接入容器。
全局容器是可全局路由的容器, 包括在拓朴关系中级别最高的拓朴相关 容器和拓朴无关大容器。 而在拓朴关系中除拓朴相关的全局容器之外的其它 拓朴相关容器由其上级容器为其提供接入容器, 拓朴无关小容器可以由拓朴 相关容器为其提供接入服务。 相对应地, 全局容器的路由可以存在于任意路 由节点的路由表中, 而在拓朴关系中除作为全局容器之外的其它拓朴相关容 器和拓朴无关小容器的路由只存在于其接入容器包括的路由节点的路由表 中, 从而不扩散出其接入容器。
本节点的路由表可以包括全局容器路由表项, 该全局容器路由表项包括 全局容器的容器标识和与该全局容器的容器标识对应的第一接口, 该第一接 口为由本节点连接到达该全局容器的下一跳路由节点的接口。
可选地, 本节点的路由表还可以包括局域路由, 即还可以包括拓朴相关 容器路由表项和拓朴无关小容器路由表项。 具体地, 该路由表还包括用于基 于拓朴相关容器进行路由的拓朴相关容器路由表项, 通过该拓朴相关容器路 由表项, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由作为该本节点的内部路 由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器。
可选地, 该拓朴相关容器路由表项包括相对于该本节点的归属容器为下 级容器的下级容器标识以及与该下级容器标识对应的第二接口, 该第二接口 为由该本节点连接到达该下级容器的接口;
该通过该拓朴相关容器路由表项, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级容器 的路由作为该本节点的内部路由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器, 包括:
通过该拓朴相关容器路由表项中的下级容器标识以及与该下级容器标识 对应的第二接口, 使得该本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由作为该本节点 的内部路由不扩散出该本节点归属的容器。
可选地, 该拓朴相关容器对应的容器标识具有能够反映该拓朴相关容器 的级别的性质, 从而表示该拓朴相关容器与其它容器之间的该拓朴关系。
可选地, 该路由表还包括拓朴无关小容器路由表项, 该拓朴无关小容器 路由表项包括拓朴无关小容器的容器标识以及与该拓朴无关小容器的容器标 识对应的第三接口, 该第三接口为由该本节点连接到达该拓朴无关小容器的 下一跳路由节点的接口。
可选地, 根据实际应用或部署策略需求, 有些拓朴无关大容器也可以由 拓朴相关容器为其提供接入服务, 此时, 这些拓朴无关大容器作为其接入容 器的内部路由无需扩散出其接入容器, 但本发明实施例不限于此。
因此, 在本发明实施例中, 核心路由表的路由表项数目基本上等于 "拓 朴相关的全局容器的路由数目" 加 "拓朴无关的全局容器的路由数目" 。 由 于这两种路由的数量都比较少, 使得总的路由表的大小甚至可以小于今天因 特网路由器中核心路由表的表项数目。 因此, 本发明实施例通过在内容名的 基础上增加内容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容属性, 并将小访问量拓 朴无关容器的路由限制在为其提供接入服务的拓朴相关容器内, 且拓朴相关 容器的下级容器的路由限制在该拓朴相关容器内, 从而使得核心路由表的表 项数目大大减少, 有效解决 NDN等现有 ICN系统中的路由扩展性问题。
根据本发明实施例的建立路由表的装置 1600可对应于根据本发明实施例 的建立路由表的方法中的装置, 并且建立路由表的装置 1600中的各个模块的 上述和其它操作和 /或功能分别为了实现图 14和图 15中的各个方法的相应流 程, 为避免重复, 在此不再赘述。
图 39是根据本发明实施例的用户设备 1700的示意性框图。如图 39所示, 该用户设备 1700包括: 处理器 1710, 例如 CPU, 发送器 1720。
该处理器 1710, 用于生成内容请求包, 该内容请求包携带请求内容的内 容名和该请求内容的容器信息, 该请求内容的容器信息包括用于标识存储该 请求内容的容器的容器标识;
该发送器 1720,用于将该处理器 1710生成的该内容请求包发送至网络设 备, 以便该网络设备根据该请求内容的内容名和该请求内容的容器信息确定 该内容请求包的转发路由。
因此, 本发明实施例的用户设备, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内容的容 器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性,能够减少路由转发对内容名的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩展性和移 动性等问题提供可能性。
可选地, 在本发明实施例中, 该请求内容的内容名对应一个或多个归属 容器, 该请求内容的归属容器是能够直接路由到该请求内容的容器。
可选地, 该容器包括至少一个路由节点, 通过该至少一个路由节点中的 一个或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够在该容器内被路由到, 或该请求内容 能够通过该容器被路由到。
可选地, 该容器信息还包括与该容器标识对应的解析标识, 该解析标识 用于标识与该容器标识对应的容器是否可解析。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 该处理器 1710还用于: 获取该请求内容的容 器信息, 以及根据该获取得到的该请求内容的容器信息, 生成内容请求包。
可选地,作为另一实施例,该处理器 1710还用于在生成内容请求包之前, 获取该请求内容的容器信息, 并根据获取的该请求内容的容器信息, 生成内 容请求包。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 该处理器 1710还用于根据获取的该请求内容 的容器信息, 确定该容器的接入容器, 并将该接入容器的容器信息添加到该 请求内容的容器信息中, 以及根据该更新后的该请求内容的容器信息, 生成 内容请求包。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 该处理器 1710还用于根据该获取的该请求内 容的容器信息, 确定该请求内容的所有可解析容器的接入容器, 并将该所有 可解析容器的接入容器的容器信息添加到该请求内容的容器信息中, 以及根 据更新后的该请求内容的容器信息, 生成内容请求包。
根据本发明实施例的用户设备 1700可对应于根据本发明实施例的获取内 容的方法中的装置, 并且用户设备 1700 中的各个模块的上述和其它操作和 / 或功能分别为了实现图 16至图 18中的各个方法的相应流程, 为避免重复, 在此不再赘述。
因此, 本发明实施例的用户设备, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内容的容 器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性,能够减少路由转发对内容名的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩展性和移 动性等问题提供可能性。
图 40是根据本发明实施例的发布内容的装置 1800的示意性框图, 如图 40所示, 该装置 1800包括: 存储器 1810, 和处理器 1820, 例如, CPU。 其 中, 该存储器 1810用于存储指令, 该处理器 1820用于执行该存储器 1810存 储的指令。 具体地,
该处理器 1820, 用于确定内容的容器集以及该容器集中每个容器的容器 信息, 该容器集包括至少一个存储该内容的容器, 以及发布该内容和该内容 的信息, 该内容的信息包括该内容的内容名和该容器集中每个容器的容器信 息, 以便用户根据该内容的信息生成内容请求包并发送到网络设备并由路由 节点根据该内容请求包携带的该内容的信息确定该内容请求包的转发路由。
因此, 本发明实施例的发布内容的装置, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内 容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名 的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩 展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。 可选地, 在本发明实施例中, 该容器信息包括容器标识。
可选地, 该容器包括至少一个路由节点, 通过该至少一个路由节点中的 一个或多个路由节点, 该请求内容能够在该容器内被路由到, 或该请求内容 能够通过该容器被路由到。
可选地, 该内容的内容名对应一个或多个归属容器, 该请求内容的归属 容器是能够直接路由到该请求内容的容器。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 该处理器 1820还用于用于将该容器集中的至 少一个容器和该至少一个容器的接入容器注册到解析系统, 以便用户或路由 节点通过查询该解析系统获得该至少一个容器的接入容器。
可选地, 该容器信息包括: 容器标识和解析标识, 该解析标识用于标识 容器是否可解析。
根据本发明实施例的发布内容的装置 1800可对应于根据本发明实施例的 获取内容的方法中的装置, 并且发布内容的装置 1800中的各个模块的上述和 其它操作和 /或功能分别为了实现图 19至图 20中的各个方法的相应流程, 为 避免重复, 在此不再赘述。
因此, 本发明实施例的发布内容的装置, 通过在内容名的基础上增加内 容的容器信息以扩展 ICN系统中的内容的属性, 能够减少路由转发对内容名 的依赖, 从而可能减少路由表中的路由表项, 为解决由内容名引起的路由扩 展性和移动性等问题提供可能性。
应理解, 在本发明实施例中, 术语"和 /或"仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关 联关系, 表示可以存在三种关系。 例如, A和 /或 B, 可以表示: 单独存在 A, 同时存在 A和 B, 单独存在 B这三种情况。 另外, 本文中字符" /", 一般表示 前后关联对象是一种"或"的关系。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到, 结合本文中所公开的实施例中描述的 各方法步骤和单元, 能够以电子硬件、 计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现, 为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性, 在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性 地描述了各实施例的步骤及组成。 这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行, 取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。 本领域普通技术人员可以对每 个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能, 但是这种实现不应认为 超出本发明的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到, 为了描述的方便和筒洁, 上述 描述的系统、 装置和单元的具体工作过程, 可以参考前述方法实施例中的对 应过程, 在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中, 应该理解到, 所揭露的系统、 装置和 方法, 可以通过其它的方式实现。 例如, 以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示 意性的, 例如, 所述单元的划分, 仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分, 实际实现时可 以有另外的划分方式, 例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个 系统, 或一些特征可以忽略, 或不执行。 另外, 所显示或讨论的相互之间的 耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口、 装置或单元的间接耦合或 通信连接, 也可以是电的, 机械的或其它的形式连接。 为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元, 即可以位于一个地方, 或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。 可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或 者全部单元来实现本发明实施例方案的目的。
另外, 在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中, 也可以是各个单元单独物理存在, 也可以是两个或两个以上单元集成在一个 单元中。 上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现, 也可以采用软件功能 单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售 或使用时, 可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。 基于这样的理解, 本 发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分, 或者该技术方案 的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来, 该计算机软件产品存储在一 个存储介质中, 包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机, 骤。而前述的存储介质包括: U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器( Read-Only Memory, 筒称为 " ROM" )、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory,筒称为 " RAM" )、 磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的具体实施方式, 但本发明的保护范围并不局限 于此, 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内, 可轻易 想到各种等效的修改或替换, 这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围 之内。 因此, 本发明的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种路由转发的方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
接收内容请求包, 所述内容请求包携带请求内容的内容名和所述请求内容 的容器信息, 所述请求内容的容器信息包括用于标识存储所述请求内容的容器 的容器标识;
确定转发信息表 FIB中是否存在与所述请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项; 当所述 FIB 中不存在与所述请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项时, 确定所 述 FIB 中是否存在与所述请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项, 所述 FIB 中的转发表项包括预设的容器标识以及与所述预设的容器标识对应的 接口;
当所述 FIB 中存在与所述请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表 项时, 根据所述匹配的转发表项中的接口, 发送所述内容请求包。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述容器是用于存储一组内 容的存储空间。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述容器包括至少一个 路由节点, 通过所述至少一个路由节点中的一个或多个路由节点, 所述请求内 容能够在所述容器内被路由到, 或所述请求内容能够通过所述容器被路由到。
4. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述请求内容的内容名 对应一个或多个归属容器, 所述请求内容的归属容器是能够直接路由到所述请 求内容的容器。
5. 根据权利要求 1至 4中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述容器为一 个或多个第一其它容器的接入容器; 和 /或
一个或多个第二其它容器为所述容器的接入容器;
其中, 所述接入容器为在拓朴关系上包括另一容器, 且存在将所述内容请 求包路由到所述另一容器的转发表项的容器。
6. 根据权利要求 1至 5中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述容器信息 还包括与所述容器标识对应的解析标识, 所述解析标识用于标识与所述容器标 识对应的容器是否可解析; 所述确定所述 FIB 中是否存在与所述请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹 配的转发表项, 包括:
根据所述解析标识, 解析获得所述请求内容的所有可解析容器的接入容器 的容器标识;
将所述请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识以及所述请求内容的所有可解析 容器的接入容器的容器标识与所述 FIB 中的预设的容器标识进行匹配, 以确定 所述 FIB 中是否存在与所述请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识以及所述接入容 器的容器标识匹配的转发表项。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法还包括: 将所述解析获得的所述请求内容的所有可解析容器的接入容器的容器信息 添加到所述请求内容的容器信息中。
8. 根据权利要求 1至 5中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述容器信息 还包括与所述容器标识对应的解析标识, 所述解析标识用于标识与所述容器标 识对应的容器是否可解析;
所述方法还包括:
当所述 FIB 中不存在与所述请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发 表项时, 根据所述解析标识, 解析获得所述容器的接入容器的容器标识;
将所述解析获得的接入容器的容器标识与所述 FIB 中的预设的容器标识进 行匹配, 以确定所述 FIB 中是否存在与所述解析获得的接入容器的容器标识匹 配的转发表项。
9. 根据权利要求 8所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法还包括: 将所述解析获得的接入容器的容器信息添加到所述请求内容的容器信息 中。
10. 根据权利要求 1至 9中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述 FIB中 的转发表项包括内容名前缀和所述内容名前缀对应的接口;
所述确定转发信息表 FIB 中是否存在与所述请求内容的内容名匹配的转发 表项, 包括:
根据所述请求内容的内容名的前缀与所述 FIB 中的转发表项中的内容名前 缀是否匹配, 确定所述 FIB 中是否存在与所述请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表 项;
所述方法还包括:
当所述 FIB 中存在与所述请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项时, 根据所述 匹配的转发表项中的接口, 发送所述内容请求包。
11. 根据权利要求 1至 10中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法还 包括:
在所述确定 FIB中是否存在与所述请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项之前, 确定内容存储表 CS中是否存在与所述请求内容的内容名匹配的内容;
当所述 CS中存在与所述请求内容的内容名匹配的内容时,将所述匹配的内 容发送至所述内容请求包的发送端;
当所述 CS中不存在与所述请求内容的内容名匹配的内容时,执行所述确定 FIB中是否存在与所述请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项的步骤。
12. 根据权利要求 11所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法还包括: 当所述 CS中不存在与所述请求内容的内容名匹配的内容时,确定驻留信息 表 PIT中是否存在与所述请求内容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项;
当所述 PIT中存在与所述请求内容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项时, 将所述内 容请求包的发送端对应的接口添加到所述匹配的 PIT表项;
当所述 PIT中不存在与所述请求内容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项时, 执行所 述确定 FIB中是否存在与所述请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项的步骤。
13. 根据权利要求 1至 12中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法还 包括:
当所述 FIB 中不存在与所述请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发 表项时, 根据默认接口发送所述内容请求包, 或将所述内容请求包丢弃。
14. 根据权利要求 1至 13中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述 FIB包 括全局容器转发表项, 所述全局容器转发表项包括全局容器的容器标识以及与 所述全局容器的容器标识对应的第一接口, 所述第一接口是由本节点连接到达 所述全局容器的下一跳路由节点的接口, 所述全局容器是可全局路由的容器, 所述全局容器包括拓朴相关的全局容器和 /或拓朴无关的全局容器。
15. 根据权利要求 14所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述 FIB还包括用于基于 拓朴相关容器进行路由的拓朴相关容器转发表项, 通过所述拓朴相关容器转发 表项 , 使得所述本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由作为所述本节点的内部路 由不扩散出所述本节点归属的容器;
其中, 所述拓朴相关容器是与其它容器形成拓朴关系的容器, 所述拓朴关 系包括: 一个上级容器包括一个或多个下级容器, 和 /或一个下级容器被一个或 多个上级容器所包括。
16. 根据权利要求 15所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述拓朴相关容器转发表 项包括相对于所述本节点的归属容器为下级容器的容器标识以及与所述下级容 器的容器标识对应的第二接口 , 所述第二接口为由所述本节点连接到达所述下 级容器的接口;
所述通过所述拓朴相关容器转发表项, 使得所述本节点归属的容器的下级 容器的路由作为所述本节点的内部路由不扩散出所述本节点归属的容器, 包括: 通过所述拓朴相关容器转发表项中的所述下级容器的容器标识以及与所述 下级容器的容器标识对应的第二接口, 使得所述本节点归属的容器的下级容器 的路由作为所述本节点的内部路由不扩散出所述本节点归属的容器。
17. 根据权利要求 15或 16所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述拓朴相关容器 对应的容器标识具有能够反映所述拓朴相关容器的级别的性质, 从而表示所述 拓朴相关容器与其它容器之间形成的所述拓朴关系。
18. 根据权利要求 14至 17 中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述 FIB 还包括拓朴无关小容器转发表项, 所述拓朴无关小容器转发表项包括拓朴无关 小容器的容器标识以及与所述拓朴无关小容器的容器标识对应的第三接口, 所 述第三接口为由本节点连接到达所述拓朴无关小容器的下一跳路由节点的接 口。
19. 一种内容请求的处理方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
接收内容请求包, 所述内容请求包携带请求内容的内容名和所述请求内容 的容器信息, 所述请求内容的容器信息包括用于标识存储所述请求内容的容器 的容器标识, 所述容器包括至少一个路由节点, 通过所述至少一个路由节点中 的一个或多个路由节点, 所述请求内容能够在所述容器内被路由到, 或所述请 求内容能够通过所述容器被路由到;
根据所述请求内容的内容名和所述请求内容的容器信息, 确定所述内容请 求包的转发路由。
20. 根据权利要求 19所述的处理方法, 其特征在于, 所述容器是用于存储 一组内容的存储空间。
21. 根据权利要求 19或 20所述的处理方法, 其特征在于, 所述请求内容 的内容名对应一个或多个归属容器, 所述请求内容的归属容器是能够直接路由 到所述请求内容的容器。
22. 根据权利要求 19至 21 中任一项所述的处理方法, 其特征在于, 所述 容器为一个或多个第一其它容器的接入容器; 和 /或
一个或多个第二其它容器为所述容器的接入容器;
其中, 所述接入容器为在拓朴关系上包括另一容器, 且存在将所述内容请 求包路由到所述另一容器的转发表项的容器。
23. 根据权利要求 19至 22中任一项所述的处理方法, 其特征在于, 所述 根据所述请求内容的内容名和所述请求内容的容器信息确定所述内容请求包的 转发路由, 包括:
确定转发信息表 FIB中是否存在与所述请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项; 当所述 FIB 中不存在与所述请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项时, 确定所 述 FIB 中是否存在与所述请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项, 所述 FIB 中的转发表项包括预设的容器标识和与所述预设的容器标识对应的接 口;
当所述 FIB 中存在与所述请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表 项时, 根据所述匹配的转发表项中的接口, 发送所述内容请求包。
24. 根据权利要求 19至 23 中任一项所述的处理方法, 其特征在于, 所述 请求内容的内容名和所述请求内容的容器信息形成以所述请求内容的内容名为 根节点的树, 所述根节点的子节点代表所述请求内容的归属容器的容器信息, 第一节点代表的容器信息对应的容器为所述第一节点的父节点代表的容器信息 对应的容器的接入容器, 所述第一节点是所述树中除根节点和所述根节点的子 节点外的其它节点。
25. 根据权利要求 19至 23 中任一项所述的处理方法, 其特征在于, 所述 请求内容的内容名和所述请求内容的容器信息形成以所述请求内容的内容名为 入口顶点的有向无环图, 从所述入口顶点发起的有向边的终点代表所述请求内 容的归属容器的容器信息, 所述有向无环图中的第二顶点代表的容器信息对应 的容器是第一顶点代表的容器信息对应的容器的接入容器, 所述第一顶点是所 述有向无环图中除入口顶点外的其它顶点, 所述第二顶点是从所述第一顶点发 起的有向边的终点。
26. 一种建立路由表的方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
生成本节点的路由表, 以根据所述路由表生成转发信息表 FIB, 所述路由表 包括全局容器路由表项, 所述全局容器路由表项包括全局容器的容器标识以及 与所述全局容器的容器标识对应的第一接口, 所述第一接口是由所述本节点连 接到达所述全局容器的下一跳路由节点的接口, 所述全局容器是可全局路由的 容器, 所述全局容器包括拓朴相关的全局容器和 /或拓朴无关的全局容器。
27. 根据权利要求 26所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述 FIB表用于当所述本 节点接收到内容请求包时 , 将所述内容请求包携带的请求内容的内容名和容器 信息中的容器标识与所述 FIB 中的转发表项进行匹配, 以确定所述内容请求包 的转发路由。
28. 根据权利要求 26或 27所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述路由表还包括 用于基于拓朴相关容器进行路由的拓朴相关容器路由表项, 通过所述拓朴相关 容器路由表项, 使得所述本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由作为所述本节点 的内部路由不扩散出所述本节点归属的容器;
其中, 所述拓朴相关容器是与其它容器形成拓朴关系的容器, 所述拓朴关 系包括: 一个上级容器包括一个或多个下级容器, 和 /或一个下级容器被一个或 多个上级容器所包括。
29. 根据权利要求 28所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述拓朴相关容器路由表 项包括相对于所述本节点的归属容器为下级容器的下级容器标识以及与所述下 级容器标识对应的第二接口, 所述第二接口为由所述本节点连接到达所述下级 容器的接口;
所述通过所述拓朴相关容器路由表项, 使得所述本节点归属的容器的下级 容器的路由作为所述本节点的内部路由不扩散出所述本节点归属的容器, 包括: 通过所述拓朴相关容器路由表项中的下级容器标识以及与所述下级容器标 识对应的第二接口 , 使得所述本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由作为所述本 节点的内部路由不扩散出所述本节点归属的容器。
30. 根据权利要求 28或 29所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述拓朴相关容器 对应的容器标识具有能够反映所述拓朴相关容器的级别的性质, 从而表示所述 拓朴相关容器与其它容器之间的所述拓朴关系。
31. 根据权利要求 26至 30中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述路由 表还包括拓朴无关小容器路由表项, 所述拓朴无关小容器路由表项包括拓朴无 关小容器的容器标识以及与所述拓朴无关小容器的容器标识对应的第三接口, 所述第三接口为由所述本节点连接到达所述拓朴无关小容器的下一跳路由节点 的接口。
32. 一种获取内容的方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
生成内容请求包, 所述内容请求包携带请求内容的内容名和所述请求内容 的容器信息, 所述请求内容的容器信息包括用于标识存储所述请求内容的容器 的容器标识;
将所述内容请求包发送至网络设备, 以便所述网络设备根据所述请求内容 的内容名和所述请求内容的容器信息确定所述内容请求包的转发路由。
33. 根据权利要求 32所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述容器包括至少一个路 由节点, 通过所述至少一个路由节点中的一个或多个路由节点, 所述请求内容 能够在所述容器内被路由到, 或所述请求内容能够通过所述容器被路由到。
34. 根据权利要求 32所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述请求内容的内容名对 应一个或多个归属容器, 所述请求内容的归属容器是能够直接路由到所述请求 内容的容器。
35. 根据权利要求 32至 34中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述容器 信息还包括与所述容器标识对应的解析标识, 所述解析标识用于标识与所述容 器标识对应的容器是否可解析。
36. 根据权利要求 32至 25 中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在所述生 成内容请求包之前, 所述方法还包括:
获取所述请求内容的容器信息;
所述生成内容请求包, 包括:
根据所述获取得到的所述请求内容的容器信息, 生成内容请求包。
37. 根据权利要求 36所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法还包括: 根据所述请求内容的容器信息, 确定所述请求内容的容器信息对应的容器 的接入容器, 并将所述接入容器的容器信息添加到所述请求内容的容器信息中; 所述生成内容请求包, 包括:
根据所述添加了所述接入容器的容器信息的所述请求内容的容器信息, 生 成内容请求包。
38. 根据权利要求 36所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法还包括: 根据所述请求内容的容器信息, 确定所述请求内容的所有可解析容器的接 入容器, 并将所述所有可解析容器的接入容器的容器信息添加到所述请求内容 的容器信息中;
所述生成内容请求包, 包括:
根据所述添加了所述所有可解析容器的接入容器的容器信息的所述请求内 容的容器信息, 生成内容请求包。
39. 一种发布内容的方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
确定内容的容器集以及所述容器集中每个容器的容器信息, 所述容器集包 括至少一个存储所述内容的容器;
发布所述内容和所述内容的信息, 所述内容的信息包括所述内容的内容名 和所述容器集中每个容器的容器信息, 以便用户设备根据所述内容的信息生成 内容请求包并发送到网络设备以及由路由节点根据所述内容请求包携带的所述 内容的信息确定所述内容请求包的转发路由。
40. 根据权利要求 39所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述容器包括至少一个路 由节点, 通过所述至少一个路由节点中的一个或多个路由节点, 所述请求内容 能够在所述容器内被路由到, 或所述请求内容能够通过所述容器被路由到。
41. 根据权利要求 39所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述内容的内容名对应一 个或多个归属容器, 所述内容的归属容器是能够直接路由到所述内容的容器。
42. 根据权利要求 39至 41 中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法 还包括:
将所述容器集中的至少一个容器和所述至少一个容器的接入容器注册到解 析系统, 以便用户或路由节点通过查询所述解析系统获得所述至少一个容器的 接入容器。
43. 根据权利要求 42所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述容器信息包括: 容器 标识和解析标识, 所述解析标识用于标识容器是否可解析。
44. 一种路由器, 其特征在于, 包括:
接收模块, 用于接收内容请求包, 所述内容请求包携带请求内容的内容名 和所述请求内容的容器信息, 所述请求内容的容器信息包括用于标识存储所述 请求内容的容器的容器标识;
第一确定模块, 用于确定转发信息表 FIB 中是否存在与所述接收模块接收 的所述内容请求包携带的所述请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项;
第二确定模块, 用于当所述第一确定模块确定所述 FIB 中不存在与所述请 求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项时, 确定所述 FIB 中是否存在与所述请求内容 的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项, 所述 FIB 中的转发表项包括预设的 容器标识以及与所述预设的容器标识对应的接口;
发送模块, 用于当所述第二确定模块确定所述 FIB 中存在与所述请求内容 的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 根据所述匹配的转发表项中的接 口, 发送所述内容请求包。
45. 根据权利要求 44所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述容器是用于存储一 组内容的存储空间。
46. 根据权利要求 44或 45所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述容器包括至 少一个路由节点, 通过所述至少一个路由节点中的一个或多个路由节点, 所述 请求内容能够在所述容器内被路由到, 或所述请求内容能够通过所述容器被路 由到。
47. 根据权利要求 44或 45所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述请求内容的 内容名对应一个或多个归属容器, 所述请求内容的归属容器是能够直接路由到 所述请求内容的容器。
48. 根据权利要求 44至 47中任一项所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述容 器为一个或多个第一其它容器的接入容器; 和 /或
一个或多个第二其它容器为所述容器的接入容器;
其中, 所述接入容器为在拓朴关系上包括另一容器, 且存在将所述内容请 求包路由到所述另一容器的转发表项的容器。
49. 根据权利要求 44至 48中任一项所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述容 器信息还包括与所述容器标识对应的解析标识, 所述解析标识用于标识与所述 容器标识对应的容器是否可解析;
该第二确定模块包括:
第一解析单元, 用于根据所述解析标识, 解析获得所述请求内容的所有可 解析容器的接入容器的容器标识;
第一确定单元, 具体用于将所述请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识以及所 述第一解析单元解析获得的所述请求内容的所有可解析容器的接入容器的容器 标识与所述 FIB中的预设的容器标识进行匹配, 以确定所述 FIB中是否存在与 所述请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识以及所述接入容器的容器标识匹配的转 发表项。
50. 根据权利要求 49所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述路由器还包括: 第一添加模块, 用于将所述第一解析单元解析获得的所述请求内容的所有 可解析容器的接入容器的容器信息添加到所述请求内容的容器信息中。
51. 根据权利要求 44至 48中任一项所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述容 器信息还包括与所述容器标识对应的解析标识, 所述解析标识用于标识与所述 容器标识对应的容器是否可解析; 所述路由器还包括:
第一解析模块, 用于当所述第二确定模块确定所述 FIB 中不存在与所述请 求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 根据所述解析标识, 解析 获得所述容器的接入容器的容器标识;
所述第二确定模块还用于将所述第一解析模块解析获得的接入容器的容器 标识与所述 FIB中的预设的容器标识进行匹配, 以确定所述 FIB中是否存在与 所述解析获得的接入容器的容器标识匹配的转发表项。
52. 根据权利要求 51所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述路由器还包括: 第二添加模块, 用于将所述第一解析模块解析获得的接入容器的容器信息 添加到所述请求内容的容器信息中。
53. 根据权利要求 44至 52中任一项所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述 FIB 中的转发表项包括内容名前缀和所述内容名前缀对应的接口;
所述第一确定模块具体用于根据所述请求内容的内容名的前缀与所述 FIB 中的转发表项中的内容名前缀是否匹配, 确定所述 FIB 中是否存在与所述请求 内容的内容名匹配的转发表项;
所述发送模块还用于当所述第一确定模块确定所述 FIB 中存在与所述请求 内容的内容名匹配的转发表项时, 根据所述匹配的转发表项中的接口, 发送所 述内容请求包。
54. 根据权利要求 44至 53 中任一项所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述路 由器还包括:
第三确定模块, 用于在所述第一确定模块确定 FIB 中是否存在与所述请求 内容的内容名匹配的转发表项之前,确定内容存储表 CS中是否存在与所述请求 内容的内容名匹配的内容;
所述发送模块还用于当所述第三确定模块确定所述 CS 中存在与所述请求 内容的内容名匹配的内容时, 将所述匹配的内容发送至所述内容请求包的发送 端;
所述第一确定模块还用于当所述第三确定模块确定所述 CS 中不存在与所 述请求内容的内容名匹配的内容时, 执行所述确定 FIB 中是否存在与所述请求 内容的内容名匹配的转发表项的步骤。
55. 根据权利要求 54所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述路由器还包括: 第四确定模块,用于当所述第三确定模块确定所述 CS中不存在与所述请求 内容的内容名匹配的内容时, 确定驻留信息表 PIT 中是否存在与所述请求内容 的内容名匹配的 PIT表项;
更新模块, 用于当所述第四确定模块确定所述 PIT 中存在与所述请求内容 的内容名匹配的 PIT表项时, 将所述内容请求包的发送端对应的接口添加到所 述匹配的 PIT表项;
所述第一确定模块还用于当所述第四确定模块确定所述 PIT 中不存在与所 述请求内容的内容名匹配的 PIT表项时, 执行所述确定 FIB中是否存在与所述 请求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项的步骤。
56. 根据权利要求 44至 55 中任一项所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述发 送模块还用于当所述 FIB 中不存在与所述请求内容的容器信息中的容器标识匹 配的转发表项时, 根据默认接口发送所述内容请求包; 或
所述路由器还包括丢弃模块, 用于当所述 FIB 中不存在与所述请求内容的 容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 将所述内容请求包丢弃。
57. 根据权利要求 44至 56中任一项所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述 FIB 包括全局容器转发表项, 所述全局容器转发表项包括全局容器的容器标识以及 与所述全局容器的容器标识对应的第一接口, 所述第一接口是由本节点连接到 达所述全局容器的下一跳路由节点的接口, 所述全局容器是可全局路由的容器, 所述全局容器包括拓朴相关的全局容器和 /或拓朴无关的全局容器。
58. 根据权利要求 57所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述 FIB还包括用于基 于拓朴相关容器进行路由的拓朴相关容器转发表项, 通过所述拓朴相关容器转 发表项 , 使得所述本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由作为所述本节点的内部 路由不扩散出所述本节点归属的容器;
其中, 所述拓朴相关容器是与其它容器形成拓朴关系的容器, 所述拓朴关 系包括: 一个上级容器包括一个或多个下级容器, 和 /或一个下级容器被一个或 多个上级容器所包括。
59. 根据权利要求 58所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述拓朴相关容器转发 表项包括相对于所述本节点的归属容器为下级容器的容器标识以及与所述下级 容器的容器标识对应的第二接口, 所述第二接口为由所述本节点连接到达所述 下级容器的接口;
所述通过所述拓朴相关容器转发表项, 使得所述本节点归属的容器的下级 容器的路由作为所述本节点的内部路由不扩散出所述本节点归属的容器, 包括: 通过所述拓朴相关容器转发表项中的所述下级容器的容器标识以及与所述 下级容器的容器标识对应的第二接口, 使得所述本节点归属的容器的下级容器 的路由作为所述本节点的内部路由不扩散出所述本节点归属的容器。
60. 根据权利要求 58或 59所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述拓朴相关容 器对应的容器标识具有能够反映所述拓朴相关容器的级别的性质, 从而表示所 述拓朴相关容器与其它容器之间形成的所述拓朴关系。
61. 根据权利要求 57至 60中任一项所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述 FIB 还包括拓朴无关小容器转发表项, 所述拓朴无关小容器转发表项包括拓朴无关 小容器的容器标识以及与所述拓朴无关小容器的容器标识对应的第三接口, 所 述第三接口为由本节点连接到达所述拓朴无关小容器的下一跳路由节点的接 口。
62. 一种路由器, 其特征在于, 包括:
接收模块, 用于接收内容请求包, 所述内容请求包携带请求内容的内容名 和所述请求内容的容器信息, 所述请求内容的容器信息包括用于标识存储所述 请求内容的容器的容器标识, 所述容器包括至少一个路由节点, 通过所述至少 一个路由节点中的一个或多个路由节点, 所述请求内容能够在所述容器内被路 由到, 或所述请求内容能够通过所述容器被路由到;
确定模块, 用于根据所述接收模块接收的所述内容请求包携带的所述请求 内容的内容名和所述请求内容的容器信息, 确定所述内容请求包的转发路由。
63. 根据权利要求 62所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述容器是用于存储一 组内容的存储空间。
64. 根据权利要求 62或 63所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述请求内容的 内容名对应一个或多个归属容器, 所述请求内容的归属容器是能够直接路由到 所述请求内容的容器。
65. 根据权利要求 62至 64中任一项所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述容 器为一个或多个第一其它容器的接入容器; 和 /或
一个或多个第二其它容器为所述容器的接入容器;
其中, 所述接入容器为在拓朴关系上包括另一容器, 且存在将所述内容请 求包路由到所述另一容器的转发表项的容器。
66. 根据权利要求 62至 65 中任一项所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述确 定模块包括:
第一确定单元, 用于确定转发信息表 FIB 中是否存在与所述请求内容的内 容名匹配的转发表项;
第二确定单元, 用于当所述第一确定单元确定所述 FIB 中不存在与所述请 求内容的内容名匹配的转发表项时, 确定所述 FIB 中是否存在与所述请求内容 的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项, 所述 FIB 中的转发表项包括预设的 容器标识和与所述预设的容器标识对应的接口;
发送单元, 用于当所述第二确定单元确定所述 FIB 中存在与所述请求内容 的容器信息中的容器标识匹配的转发表项时, 根据所述匹配的转发表项中的接 口, 发送所述内容请求包。
67. 根据权利要求 62至 66中任一项所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述请 求内容的内容名和所述请求内容的容器信息形成以所述请求内容的内容名为根 节点的树, 所述根节点的子节点代表所述请求内容的归属容器的容器信息, 第 一节点代表的容器信息对应的容器为所述第一节点的父节点代表的容器信息对 应的容器的接入容器, 所述第一节点是所述树中除根节点和所述根节点的子节 点外的其它节点。
68. 根据权利要求 62至 66中任一项所述的路由器, 其特征在于, 所述请 求内容的内容名和所述请求内容的容器信息形成以所述请求内容的内容名为入 口顶点的有向无环图, 从所述入口顶点发起的有向边的终点代表所述请求内容 的归属容器的容器信息, 所述有向无环图中的第二顶点代表的容器信息对应的 容器是第一顶点代表的容器信息对应的容器的接入容器, 所述第一顶点是所述 有向无环图中除入口顶点外的其它顶点, 所述第二顶点是从所述第一顶点发起 的有向边的终点。
69. 一种建立路由表的装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
生成模块, 用于生成本节点的路由表, 以根据所述路由表生成转发信息表 FIB, 所述路由表包括全局容器路由表项, 所述全局容器路由表项包括全局容器 的容器标识以及与所述全局容器的容器标识对应的第一接口 , 所述第一接口是 由所述本节点连接到达所述全局容器的下一跳路由节点的接口, 所述全局容器 是可全局路由的容器, 所述全局容器包括拓朴相关的全局容器和 /或拓朴无关的 全局容器;
存储模块, 用于存储所述生成模块生成的路由表。
70. 根据权利要求 69所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述 FIB表用于当所述本 节点接收到内容请求包时 , 将所述内容请求包携带的请求内容的内容名和容器 信息中的容器标识与所述 FIB 中的转发表项进行匹配, 以确定所述内容请求包 的转发路由。
71. 根据权利要求 69或 70所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述路由表还包括 用于基于拓朴相关容器进行路由的拓朴相关容器路由表项, 通过所述拓朴相关 容器路由表项, 使得所述本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由作为所述本节点 的内部路由不扩散出所述本节点归属的容器;
其中, 所述拓朴相关容器是与其它容器形成拓朴关系的容器, 所述拓朴关 系包括: 一个上级容器包括一个或多个下级容器, 和 /或一个下级容器被一个或 多个上级容器所包括。
72. 根据权利要求 71所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述拓朴相关容器路由表 项包括相对于所述本节点的归属容器为下级容器的下级容器标识以及与所述下 级容器标识对应的第二接口, 所述第二接口为由所述本节点连接到达所述下级 容器的接口;
所述通过所述拓朴相关容器路由表项, 使得所述本节点归属的容器的下级 容器的路由作为所述本节点的内部路由不扩散出所述本节点归属的容器, 包括: 通过所述拓朴相关容器路由表项中的下级容器标识以及与所述下级容器标 识对应的第二接口 , 使得所述本节点归属的容器的下级容器的路由作为所述本 节点的内部路由不扩散出所述本节点归属的容器。
73. 根据权利要求 71或 72所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述拓朴相关容器 对应的容器标识具有能够反映所述拓朴相关容器的级别的性质, 从而表示所述 拓朴相关容器与其它容器之间的所述拓朴关系。
74. 根据权利要求 69至 73 中任一项所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述路由 表还包括拓朴无关小容器路由表项, 所述拓朴无关小容器路由表项包括拓朴无 关小容器的容器标识以及与所述拓朴无关小容器的容器标识对应的第三接口, 所述第三接口为由所述本节点连接到达所述拓朴无关小容器的下一跳路由节点 的接口。
75. 一种用户设备, 其特征在于, 包括:
生成模块, 用于生成内容请求包, 所述内容请求包携带请求内容的内容名 和所述请求内容的容器信息, 所述请求内容的容器信息包括用于标识存储所述 请求内容的容器的容器标识;
发送模块, 用于将所述生成模块生成的所述内容请求包发送至网络设备, 以便所述网络设备根据所述请求内容的内容名和所述请求内容的容器信息确定 所述内容请求包的转发路由。
76. 根据权利要求 75所述的用户设备, 其特征在于, 所述容器包括至少一 个路由节点, 通过所述至少一个路由节点中的一个或多个路由节点, 所述请求 内容能够在所述容器内被路由到, 或所述请求内容能够通过所述容器被路由到。
77. 根据权利要求 75所述的用户设备, 其特征在于, 所述请求内容的内容 名对应一个或多个归属容器, 所述请求内容的归属容器是能够直接路由到所述 请求内容的容器。
78. 根据权利要求 75至 77中任一项所述的用户设备, 其特征在于, 所述 容器信息还包括与所述容器标识对应的解析标识, 所述解析标识用于标识与所 述容器标识对应的容器是否可解析。
79. 根据权利要求 75至 78中任一项所述的用户设备, 其特征在于, 所述 用户设备还包括:
获耳 ^莫块, 用于在所述生成模块生成内容请求包之前, 获取所述请求内容 的容器信息;
所述生成模块具体用于根据所述获取模块获取的所述请求内容的容器信 息, 生成内容请求包。
80. 根据权利要求 79所述的用户设备,其特征在于, 所述用户设备还包括: 第一确定模块, 用于根据所述获取模块获取的所述请求内容的容器信息, 确定所述容器的接入容器;
第一更新模块, 用于将所述第一确定模块确定的所述接入容器的容器信息 添加到所述请求内容的容器信息中;
所述生成模块具体用于根据所述第一更新模块更新后的所述请求内容的容 器信息, 生成内容请求包。
81. 根据权利要求 79所述的用户设备,其特征在于, 所述用户设备还包括: 第二确定模块, 用于根据所述获取模块获取的所述请求内容的容器信息, 确定所述请求内容的所有可解析容器的接入容器;
第二更新模块, 用于将所述第二确定模块确定的所述所有可解析容器的接 入容器的容器信息添加到所述请求内容的容器信息中;
所述生成模块具体用于根据所述第二更新模块更新后的所述请求内容的容 器信息, 生成内容请求包。
82. 一种发布内容的装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
确定模块, 用于确定内容的容器集以及所述容器集中每个容器的容器信息, 所述容器集包括至少一个存储所述内容的容器;
发布模块, 用于发布所述内容和所述内容的信息, 所述内容的信息包括所 述内容的内容名和所述确定模块确定的所述容器集中每个容器的容器信息, 以 便用户根据所述内容的信息生成内容请求包并发送到网络设备并由路由节点根 据所述内容请求包携带的所述内容的信息确定所述内容请求包的转发路由。
83. 根据权利要求 82所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述容器包括至少一个路 由节点, 通过所述至少一个路由节点中的一个或多个路由节点, 所述请求内容 能够在所述容器内被路由到, 或所述请求内容能够通过所述容器被路由到。
84. 根据权利要求 82所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述内容的内容名对应一 个或多个归属容器, 所述内容的归属容器是能够直接路由到所述内容的容器。
85. 根据权利要求 82至 84中任一项所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述装置 还包括:
注册模块, 用于将所述容器集中的至少一个容器和所述至少一个容器的接 入容器注册到解析系统, 以便用户或路由节点通过查询所述解析系统获得所述 至少一个容器的接入容器。
86. 根据权利要求 85所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述容器信息包括: 容器 标识和解析标识, 所述解析标识用于标识容器是否可解析。
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