WO2014084748A2 - Modular element for storage basin construction, supporting structure, method of construction thereof - Google Patents

Modular element for storage basin construction, supporting structure, method of construction thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014084748A2
WO2014084748A2 PCT/RO2013/000013 RO2013000013W WO2014084748A2 WO 2014084748 A2 WO2014084748 A2 WO 2014084748A2 RO 2013000013 W RO2013000013 W RO 2013000013W WO 2014084748 A2 WO2014084748 A2 WO 2014084748A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
face
channels
modular
modular element
elements
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RO2013/000013
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2014084748A3 (en
WO2014084748A4 (en
Inventor
Laurentiu Dumitru BREAZ
Original Assignee
Breaz Laurentiu Dumitru
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Breaz Laurentiu Dumitru filed Critical Breaz Laurentiu Dumitru
Priority to EP13843054.1A priority Critical patent/EP2893098B1/en
Priority to US14/418,233 priority patent/US9856066B2/en
Publication of WO2014084748A2 publication Critical patent/WO2014084748A2/en
Publication of WO2014084748A3 publication Critical patent/WO2014084748A3/en
Publication of WO2014084748A4 publication Critical patent/WO2014084748A4/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/38—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation
    • B65D81/3825—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation rigid container being in the form of a box, tray or like container with one or more containers located inside the external container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/18—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents providing specific environment for contents, e.g. temperature above or below ambient
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/02—Wall construction
    • B65D90/023—Modular panels
    • B65D90/024—Modular panels with features of cylindrical curvature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/02—Wall construction
    • B65D90/028—Wall construction hollow-walled, e.g. double-walled with spacers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/22—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having a general shape differing from that of a parallelepiped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/26—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element the walls being characterised by fillings in all cavities in order to form a wall construction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/28—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid
    • E04B2/30—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid using elements having specially designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
    • E04B2/32—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid using elements having specially designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/28—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid
    • E04B2/36—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid using elements having a general shape differing from that of a parallelepiped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H7/00—Construction or assembling of bulk storage containers employing civil engineering techniques in situ or off the site
    • E04H7/02—Containers for fluids or gases; Supports therefor
    • E04H7/18—Containers for fluids or gases; Supports therefor mainly of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0215—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions
    • E04B2002/0221—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions of conical shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0256—Special features of building elements
    • E04B2002/0265—Building elements for making arcuate walls
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to modular elements made of insulating material for building storage basins, made of insulating materials, comprising at the interior at least one network element, to a network obtained by assemblying the modular elements, to a supporting structure and to a process for building a storage basin by assemblying the modular elements.
  • the patent US2002017070 describes an expanded plastic module destined for building an insulated concrete wall structure, by assembling the modules and filling them with concrete.
  • the module is made of expanded polystyrene.
  • Each module has the form of a rigid block, having an interior configuration designed to be filled with concrete.
  • a network of steel or plastic bars is being introduced inside the modules.
  • the disadvantage of this technical solution consists in a high rate of concrete consumption, flow problems when casting the concrete, due to the form of the internal channels, positioned perpendiculary along the vertical and horizontal axes; also, a too complex construction and aditional manual working, brought about by the network of bars.
  • Modular elements for constructions are known from R0123373. The disadvantage of this solution is the difficulty of fabrication said modular elements.
  • the patent GB1 170103 describes a element for construction made of an insulating material, for arched structures like domes, having a network of inner vertical and oblique channels.
  • the disadvantage of this technical solution is casting the concrete each time after one row of the dome like construction is built, implying high costs and supplementary time for the labour. Moreover, it does not permit the distribution of concrete between the successive layers of construction elements.
  • the problem solved by this invention is the achievement of a higly energy effective storage basin with a supporting structure adequate for the pressure exerted by the stored material.
  • the purpose of this invention is the achievement of a storage basin without concrete forming elements, by a simple and economic process.
  • the technical solution consists in the use of modular elements for building a thermically insulating structure, having at the interior a network of channels in which a hardening material constituting the supporting structure is cast.
  • the modular element according to the invention removes the previously mentioned disadvantages, as it comprises a body having a superior face, an inferior face, an interior face, an exterior face and lateral faces extending vertically between the superior and inferior face, said body comprising at the inside at least two oblique channels and at least a vertical channel, the vertical channel being provided between the oblique channels, the vertical channel uniting the superior face with the inferior face of the body, said channels communicating between them forming at least a main half joint, the oblique channels opening to the superior face or the inferior face and to the lateral faces and extending from the median zone at least of the superior face of the body to the median zones of the lateral faces of the body, forming the secondary half joints, the vertical channels opening to the superior and inferior faces forming the main half joints and tertiary half joints, the modular element having joint elements for the connection to other modular elements.
  • the modular element according to the invention removes previous disadvantages as it comprises a U profile having a horizontal bottom face with at least one vertical channel, an interior and an exterior wall representing coaxial cylinder sectors and a lid having an upper horizontal face with at least one vertical channel and assemblage elements with the U profile, the modular element being also provided with joint elements for the connection to other modular elements.
  • the network obtained by assembling the modular elements removes the previously mentioned disadvantages, as it is made up of horizontal annular channels, and main, secondary and tertiary joints, connected by vertical and oblique channels.
  • the unitary supporting structure according to the invention removes the above mentioned disadvantages, as it is obtained by casting a material that hardens in the network according to the invention.
  • the storage basin according to the invention removes the previously mentioned disadvantages as it is made up of a unitary supporting structure inside an insulating structure, obtained by assembling the modular elements.
  • the process for building the storage basin according to the invention removes the disadvantages mentioned above as it comprises successive steps of assembling the modular elements in both horizontal and vertical planes for the formation of 1-5 rows, followed by casting a hardening material in the network thus created, and placing on top of a metallic structure on which insulating plates are layd, constituting a thermically insulating lid of the basin.
  • the modular elements according to the invention are made of synthetic foams based on polyurethanes, polyimides, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, amino resins, phenolic resins, silicones, expanded polystyrene, sodium silicate.
  • the material to be cast in the network according to the invention, in order to harden and to form the supporting structure of the storage basin may be one of the following: concrete, reinforced concrete, polyesther resins, epoxy resins, polyurethane resins.
  • the storage basin can take any shape, preferably cylindrical, as the discharges are unitary, requiring a less supporting structure. For high or inequable pressures, higher density foams are used, increasing the costs.
  • the storage basin can be used for storage of a thermic agent heated during the warm season by solar panels or any other convenient heat source, the thermic agent being used during the cold season for heating the house water or the living space.
  • the heat transfer from the thermic agent to the house heating system or to the house water is made by any adequate means, preferably by coils.
  • the thermic agent used may be water, sand or any other material adequate for such use. If the thermic agent is water, unmineralized water is preffered.
  • the storage basin may be also used for the storage of a cooling agent during the cold season, ice for example, using it for cooling, in order to obtain conditioned air for cooling a living space during the warm season.
  • the main joint is defined as the geometrical position determined by the intersection of vertical and oblique channels.
  • the secondary joint is defined as the geometrical position determined by the intersection of oblique channels.
  • the tertiary joint is defined as the geometrical position determined by the intersection of vertical channels.
  • the main half-joint is defined as a part of a main joint.
  • the secondary half-joint is defined as a part of a secondary joint.
  • the tertiary half-joint is defined as a part of a tertiary joint.
  • a network element is a part of the network achieved by assembling the modular elements.
  • Fig.3. Persepective view of the storage basin covered with the lid.
  • FIG.5. Section view on AA' plan of the storage basin represented in Fig 4.
  • Fig.6 Perspective view of the "tank in tank” storage basin.
  • Fig.7 Supporting structure.
  • the modular element 1 comprises a body having a superior face a, an inferior face b parallel to face a, an interior face c and an exterior face d representing coaxial cylinder sectors and lateral faces e, f extending vertically between the superior face a and the inferior face b, belonging to planes that intersect in the cylinders axis.
  • the modular element 1 comprises at the interior three oblique channels 9, two vertical channels 8 being provided between the oblique channels 9, the vertical channels 8 uniting the superior face a with the inferior face b of the modular element body 1.
  • the vertical channels 8 communicate with the oblique channels 9, forming two main half joints 10.
  • the oblique channels 9 open to the superior face a and/or the inferior face b, extending between the main half joints 10, respectively from the median zone of at least the superior face a towards the median zones of the lateral faces e, f of the modular element body 1 , forming secondary half joints 11.
  • the vertical channels 8 open to the superior face a and the inferior face b, extending from the main half joints 10 to the median zones of the opposed superior face a or inferior face b, forming the tertiary half joints 12.
  • the lateral faces e, f are provided with joint elements 16, with proportiontooth" like shape, being used for jointing laterally with adjacent modular elements from the same row.
  • the superior face a and the inferior face b are provided with joint elements 17 with truncated cone like shape, being used for jointing with adjacent superposed modular elements.
  • the vertical channels 8 and the oblique channels 9 can take any form in cross section, for example circular, oval, squared, pentagonal, hexagonal etc., the circular channels being preferred. Cylindrical vertical channels 8 with circular cross section have a diameter of 15-30 cm, preferably 20 cm. The distance between the axes of the vertical channels 8 is preferably 60 cm.
  • the oblique channels 9 have a diameter of 12-28 cm, preferably 18 cm. The distance between the lateral face e, f and the axis of the nearest vertical channel 8 is preferably 30 cm.
  • the angle between the axis of the vertical channel 8 and the axis of the oblique channel 9 can vary between 40-50°, preferably the angle being 45°, because at this value, an optimal discharge of forces on the basin wall was remarked.
  • the modular element 1 can have any adequate dimension for a storage basin construction, preferably 60 cm height, 40 cm thick and 120 cm or a multiple of 120 cm long, but not limited thereof.
  • the modular element 2 comprises a U profile 13 having a horizontal bottom face i, provided with two vertical channels 15, a wall j situated towards the interior and a wall k towards the exterior, representing coaxial cylinder sectors, and a lid 14 having a horizontal upper face I provided with two vertical channels 15 and assemblage elements m with the U profile 13.
  • the upper part of the walls j, k is designated such that it could be matched with the assemblage elements m of the lid 14.
  • the walls j, k and the faces i, I of the U profile 13 and of the lid 14 delimit a compartment 18 inside the modular element 2.
  • the walls j, k are provided with joint elements 16 having suittooth" like shape, being used for jointing laterally with adjacent modular elements from the same row.
  • the upper face I and the bottom face i are provided with joint elements 17 with truncated cone like shape, being used for jointing with adjacent superposed modular elements.
  • the modular element 2 can have any adequate dimensions for the construction of a storage basin, preferably 120 cm or a multiple of 120 cm long, 55 cm thick and 65 cm height, the thickness of the walls j, k being 10 cm, but not limited thereof.
  • the vertical channels 15 can take any form in cross section, for example circular, oval, squared, pentagonal, hexagonal etc., the cylindrical channels with circular cross section being preferred. Cylindrical vertical channels 15 have a diameter of 15-30 cm, preferably 20 cm. The distance between the axes of the vertical channels 15 is the same with the distance between the axes of the vertical channels 8, being preferably 60 cm.
  • the supporting structure is obtained by casting a hardening material in the network comprising annular horizontal channels formed by a plurality of compartments 18, as well as main joints, secondary joints and tertiary joints connected by vertical channels 8, 15 and oblique channels 9, the network being achieved by assembling a plurality of modular elements 1 and 2.
  • the hardening material constituting the supporting structure is selected from concrete, reinforced concrete, polyester resins, epoxy resins, polyurethane resins.
  • an insulating structure obtained by assembling the modular elements 1 and 2 and comprises vertical and oblique pillars 5 obtained by filling the vertical channels 8, 15 and oblique channels 9 with hardening material and horizontal rings 6 obtained by filling the annular horizontal channels formed by the compartments 18 with hardening material.
  • the rings 6 can endure pressures up to 1 bar (100kPa).
  • the process for building a storage basin has the following steps:
  • a plurality of U profiles 13 is assembled forming a first complete annular row, the U profiles 13 being reinforced with striated steel for reinforced concrete. Insulating plates are laid at the interior of the area delimited by assembling the U profiles 13, in order to obtain an insulation 3 of the storage basin bottom. Then the hardening material is cast so that the compartments 18 are filled and the insulation 3 of the storage basin bottom is covered, forming a foundation 7.
  • the lids 14 are placed on the top of U profiles 13; -
  • the modular elements 1 are assembled on two-four rows on the top of the first row of modular elements 2 and another row of U profiles 13 is placed on top of the modular elements 1 , reinforcements are placed, and the hardening material is again cast in the network formed at this step by assembling the modular elements 1 and the U profiles 13.
  • the lids 14 are placed on top of the U profiles 13.
  • Previous step is repeated with all its phases until the desired height of the storage basin is achieved.
  • a metallic structure is assembled at the upper part of the storage basin and plates of polyurethane foam are laid over the metallic structure, forming a insulating lid 4 of the storage basin.
  • the modular elements and the process according to the invention can be used for the construction of piscines, swimming pools etc. Modes for carrying out the invention
  • a circular basin with a volume of 200 m 3 is built for the storage of hot water needed for heating a living space during the cold season. Twenty two modular elements of polyurethane foam are used for each row. The first annular row (ring) of twenty two U profiles 13 is placed. A reinforcement comprising four striated steel for reinforced concrete bars with a diameter of 20 mm, fastened with clamps with a diameter of 8 mm is assembled in compartments 18, and vertical reinforcements of four steel for reinforced concrete bars with a diameter of 14 mm, fastened with circular clamps with a diameter of 6 mm, are also assembled starting from each channel 15. Polyurethane plates with 24 cm thickness are laid, forming the insulation 3 of the bottom of the basin. Increased resistance concrete (C20/25) is cast in the compartments 18 and over the basin bottom insulation 3, in a layer of 10 cm thickness, forming the concrete foundation 7. The lids 14 are placed on top of U profiles 13.
  • Sixty six modular elements 1 are placed on three annular rows on the top of the second annular row of elements 2. On top of them, another annular row of twenty two U profiles 13 is placed, reinforcements are assembled and concrete is cast, as in the precedent step.
  • the lids 14 are placed.
  • the storage basin is covered on the inside with a hydro-insulating membrane made of rubber or polyurea.
  • a metallic structure is assembled at the upper part of the basin, and plates of polyurethane foam 24 cm thick are laid over the metallic structure, forming a insulating lid 4 of the storage basin.
  • Embodiment 2 Storage basin ammonium
  • the exterior basin has twenty two modular elements on each annular row and the interior one has fifteen modular elements on each annular row.
  • the water, in the interior tank is warmer than the water in the exterior tank.
  • the heat of the water from the interior tank is not wasted through the vertical wall of said tank, but it changes into absorbed heat for the water in the exterior tank.
  • the heat of the water with higher temperature (80- 90°C) from the interior tank is used to obtain hot house water and the heat of the water with a lower temperature (70-80°C) from the exterior tank is used for heating a living space.
  • the construction of the "tank in tank” basin is similar to embodiment 1.
  • the first concentric annular rows are placed, using thirty seven U profiles 13, the bottom of the basin is insulated with polyurethane plates 24 cm thick, reinforcements of steel for reinforced concrete with a diameter of 20 mm, fastened with clamps with a diameter of 8 mm are assembled in compartments 18, and vertical reinforcements of steel for reinforced concrete bars with a diameter of 14 mm, fastened with clamps with a diameter of 6 mm are also assembled.
  • Increased resistance concrete (C20/25) is cast in the compartments 18 and on the basin bottom.
  • the lids 14 are placed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to modular elements for building a storage basin, to a network obtained by assembling a plurality of modular elements, to a supporting structure, to a storage basin and to a process for obtaining a storage basin. The modular element according to the invention is provided in the interior with a network element constituted by main half joints (10), secondary half joints (11) and tertiary half joints (10), vertical channels (8,15), oblique channels (9), compartments (18), and is provided with joint elements (16,17). The network comprises horizontal annular channels and main, secondary and tertiary joints connected by vertical and oblique channels. The storage basin comprises a supporting structure at the interior of an insulating structure obtained by assembling the modular elements. The process for obtaining a storage basin comprises the assemblage of the modular elements and casting the hardening material in the network obtained by assembling the modular elements, forming the supporting structure.

Description

MODULAR ELEMENT FOR STORAGE BASIN CONSTRUCTION, SUPPORTING STRUCTURE, METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION THEREOF
Technical field
The invention relates to modular elements made of insulating material for building storage basins, made of insulating materials, comprising at the interior at least one network element, to a network obtained by assemblying the modular elements, to a supporting structure and to a process for building a storage basin by assemblying the modular elements.
Background art
The patent US2002017070 describes an expanded plastic module destined for building an insulated concrete wall structure, by assembling the modules and filling them with concrete. For example, the module is made of expanded polystyrene. Each module has the form of a rigid block, having an interior configuration designed to be filled with concrete. Aditionally, for increasing the strenght, a network of steel or plastic bars is being introduced inside the modules. The disadvantage of this technical solution consists in a high rate of concrete consumption, flow problems when casting the concrete, due to the form of the internal channels, positioned perpendiculary along the vertical and horizontal axes; also, a too complex construction and aditional manual working, brought about by the network of bars. Modular elements for constructions are known from R0123373. The disadvantage of this solution is the difficulty of fabrication said modular elements.
The patent GB1 170103 describes a element for construction made of an insulating material, for arched structures like domes, having a network of inner vertical and oblique channels. The disadvantage of this technical solution is casting the concrete each time after one row of the dome like construction is built, implying high costs and supplementary time for the labour. Moreover, it does not permit the distribution of concrete between the succesive layers of construction elements.
The problem solved by this invention is the achievement of a higly energy effective storage basin with a supporting structure adequate for the pressure exerted by the stored material.
The purpose of this invention is the achievement of a storage basin without concrete forming elements, by a simple and economic process.
The technical solution consists in the use of modular elements for building a thermically insulating structure, having at the interior a network of channels in which a hardening material constituting the supporting structure is cast.
Disclosure of the invention
The modular element according to the invention removes the previously mentioned disadvantages, as it comprises a body having a superior face, an inferior face, an interior face, an exterior face and lateral faces extending vertically between the superior and inferior face, said body comprising at the inside at least two oblique channels and at least a vertical channel, the vertical channel being provided between the oblique channels, the vertical channel uniting the superior face with the inferior face of the body, said channels communicating between them forming at least a main half joint, the oblique channels opening to the superior face or the inferior face and to the lateral faces and extending from the median zone at least of the superior face of the body to the median zones of the lateral faces of the body, forming the secondary half joints, the vertical channels opening to the superior and inferior faces forming the main half joints and tertiary half joints, the modular element having joint elements for the connection to other modular elements.
The modular element according to the invention removes previous disadvantages as it comprises a U profile having a horizontal bottom face with at least one vertical channel, an interior and an exterior wall representing coaxial cylinder sectors and a lid having an upper horizontal face with at least one vertical channel and assemblage elements with the U profile, the modular element being also provided with joint elements for the connection to other modular elements.
The network obtained by assembling the modular elements removes the previously mentioned disadvantages, as it is made up of horizontal annular channels, and main, secondary and tertiary joints, connected by vertical and oblique channels. The unitary supporting structure according to the invention removes the above mentioned disadvantages, as it is obtained by casting a material that hardens in the network according to the invention.
The storage basin according to the invention removes the previously mentioned disadvantages as it is made up of a unitary supporting structure inside an insulating structure, obtained by assembling the modular elements.
The process for building the storage basin according to the invention removes the disadvantages mentioned above as it comprises succesive steps of assembling the modular elements in both horizontal and vertical planes for the formation of 1-5 rows, followed by casting a hardening material in the network thus created, and placing on top of a metallic structure on which insulating plates are layd, constituting a thermically insulating lid of the basin.
The modular elements according to the invention are made of synthetic foams based on polyurethanes, polyimides, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, amino resins, phenolic resins, silicones, expanded polystyrene, sodium silicate.
The material to be cast in the network according to the invention, in order to harden and to form the supporting structure of the storage basin may be one of the following: concrete, reinforced concrete, polyesther resins, epoxy resins, polyurethane resins.
Storage basins are thus obtained, having a very good heat transfer coefficient (U= 0,08 W/m2K) and resisting to a pressure of an water column of 10 m high. The storage basin can take any shape, preferably cylindrical, as the discharges are unitary, requiring a less supporting structure. For high or inequable pressures, higher density foams are used, increasing the costs.
The storage basin can be used for storage of a thermic agent heated during the warm season by solar panels or any other convenient heat source, the thermic agent being used during the cold season for heating the house water or the living space. The heat transfer from the thermic agent to the house heating system or to the house water is made by any adequate means, preferably by coils. The thermic agent used may be water, sand or any other material adequate for such use. If the thermic agent is water, unmineralized water is preffered.
The storage basin may be also used for the storage of a cooling agent during the cold season, ice for example, using it for cooling, in order to obtain conditioned air for cooling a living space during the warm season.
The main joint is defined as the geometrical position determined by the intersection of vertical and oblique channels.
The secondary joint is defined as the geometrical position determined by the intersection of oblique channels.
The tertiary joint is defined as the geometrical position determined by the intersection of vertical channels.
The main half-joint is defined as a part of a main joint. The secondary half-joint is defined as a part of a secondary joint.
The tertiary half-joint is defined as a part of a tertiary joint.
A network element is a part of the network achieved by assembling the modular elements.
The following advantages are obtained by using this invention:
1. the achievement of a storage basin with appropriate strenght structure and very good heat insulation, withouth any elements of concrete forming, using a simple and cost effective process;
2. shorter time for building the construction, compared to traditional processes;
3. reduced consumption of hardening material for obtaining the supporting structure. Brief description of drawings
Hereinafter, the invention is described in detail, with references to Figures 1-7 which represent:
Fig.1. Modular element for the wall
Fig.2. Modular element for strengtening.
Fig.3. Persepective view of the storage basin covered with the lid.
Fig.4. Lateral view of the storage basin.
Fig.5. Section view on AA' plan of the storage basin represented in Fig 4.
Fig.6. Perspective view of the "tank in tank" storage basin.
Fig.7. Supporting structure.
The modular element 1 comprises a body having a superior face a, an inferior face b parallel to face a, an interior face c and an exterior face d representing coaxial cylinder sectors and lateral faces e, f extending vertically between the superior face a and the inferior face b, belonging to planes that intersect in the cylinders axis. The modular element 1 comprises at the interior three oblique channels 9, two vertical channels 8 being provided between the oblique channels 9, the vertical channels 8 uniting the superior face a with the inferior face b of the modular element body 1. The vertical channels 8 communicate with the oblique channels 9, forming two main half joints 10. The oblique channels 9 open to the superior face a and/or the inferior face b, extending between the main half joints 10, respectively from the median zone of at least the superior face a towards the median zones of the lateral faces e, f of the modular element body 1 , forming secondary half joints 11. The vertical channels 8 open to the superior face a and the inferior face b, extending from the main half joints 10 to the median zones of the opposed superior face a or inferior face b, forming the tertiary half joints 12. The lateral faces e, f are provided with joint elements 16, with„tooth" like shape, being used for jointing laterally with adjacent modular elements from the same row. The superior face a and the inferior face b are provided with joint elements 17 with truncated cone like shape, being used for jointing with adjacent superposed modular elements. The vertical channels 8 and the oblique channels 9 can take any form in cross section, for example circular, oval, squared, pentagonal, hexagonal etc., the circular channels being preferred. Cylindrical vertical channels 8 with circular cross section have a diameter of 15-30 cm, preferably 20 cm. The distance between the axes of the vertical channels 8 is preferably 60 cm. The oblique channels 9 have a diameter of 12-28 cm, preferably 18 cm. The distance between the lateral face e, f and the axis of the nearest vertical channel 8 is preferably 30 cm. The angle between the axis of the vertical channel 8 and the axis of the oblique channel 9 can vary between 40-50°, preferably the angle being 45°, because at this value, an optimal discharge of forces on the basin wall was remarked. The modular element 1 can have any adequate dimension for a storage basin construction, preferably 60 cm height, 40 cm thick and 120 cm or a multiple of 120 cm long, but not limited thereof.
The modular element 2 comprises a U profile 13 having a horizontal bottom face i, provided with two vertical channels 15, a wall j situated towards the interior and a wall k towards the exterior, representing coaxial cylinder sectors, and a lid 14 having a horizontal upper face I provided with two vertical channels 15 and assemblage elements m with the U profile 13. The upper part of the walls j, k is designated such that it could be matched with the assemblage elements m of the lid 14. The walls j, k and the faces i, I of the U profile 13 and of the lid 14 delimit a compartment 18 inside the modular element 2. The walls j, k are provided with joint elements 16 having„tooth" like shape, being used for jointing laterally with adjacent modular elements from the same row. The upper face I and the bottom face i are provided with joint elements 17 with truncated cone like shape, being used for jointing with adjacent superposed modular elements. The modular element 2 can have any adequate dimensions for the construction of a storage basin, preferably 120 cm or a multiple of 120 cm long, 55 cm thick and 65 cm height, the thickness of the walls j, k being 10 cm, but not limited thereof. The vertical channels 15 can take any form in cross section, for example circular, oval, squared, pentagonal, hexagonal etc., the cylindrical channels with circular cross section being preferred. Cylindrical vertical channels 15 have a diameter of 15-30 cm, preferably 20 cm. The distance between the axes of the vertical channels 15 is the same with the distance between the axes of the vertical channels 8, being preferably 60 cm.
The supporting structure is obtained by casting a hardening material in the network comprising annular horizontal channels formed by a plurality of compartments 18, as well as main joints, secondary joints and tertiary joints connected by vertical channels 8, 15 and oblique channels 9, the network being achieved by assembling a plurality of modular elements 1 and 2. The hardening material constituting the supporting structure is selected from concrete, reinforced concrete, polyester resins, epoxy resins, polyurethane resins. The supporting structure from Fig. 7 is found at the interior of an insulating structure obtained by assembling the modular elements 1 and 2 and comprises vertical and oblique pillars 5 obtained by filling the vertical channels 8, 15 and oblique channels 9 with hardening material and horizontal rings 6 obtained by filling the annular horizontal channels formed by the compartments 18 with hardening material. The rings 6 can endure pressures up to 1 bar (100kPa).
The process for building a storage basin has the following steps:
- A plurality of U profiles 13 is assembled forming a first complete annular row, the U profiles 13 being reinforced with striated steel for reinforced concrete. Insulating plates are laid at the interior of the area delimited by assembling the U profiles 13, in order to obtain an insulation 3 of the storage basin bottom. Then the hardening material is cast so that the compartments 18 are filled and the insulation 3 of the storage basin bottom is covered, forming a foundation 7. After that, the lids 14 are placed on the top of U profiles 13; - The modular elements 1 are assembled on two-four rows on the top of the first row of modular elements 2 and another row of U profiles 13 is placed on top of the modular elements 1 , reinforcements are placed, and the hardening material is again cast in the network formed at this step by assembling the modular elements 1 and the U profiles 13. The lids 14 are placed on top of the U profiles 13. - Previous step is repeated with all its phases until the desired height of the storage basin is achieved.
- A metallic structure is assembled at the upper part of the storage basin and plates of polyurethane foam are laid over the metallic structure, forming a insulating lid 4 of the storage basin.
The modular elements and the process according to the invention can be used for the construction of piscines, swimming pools etc. Modes for carrying out the invention
Embodiment 1
A circular basin with a volume of 200 m3 is built for the storage of hot water needed for heating a living space during the cold season. Twenty two modular elements of polyurethane foam are used for each row. The first annular row (ring) of twenty two U profiles 13 is placed. A reinforcement comprising four striated steel for reinforced concrete bars with a diameter of 20 mm, fastened with clamps with a diameter of 8 mm is assembled in compartments 18, and vertical reinforcements of four steel for reinforced concrete bars with a diameter of 14 mm, fastened with circular clamps with a diameter of 6 mm, are also assembled starting from each channel 15. Polyurethane plates with 24 cm thickness are laid, forming the insulation 3 of the bottom of the basin. Increased resistance concrete (C20/25) is cast in the compartments 18 and over the basin bottom insulation 3, in a layer of 10 cm thickness, forming the concrete foundation 7. The lids 14 are placed on top of U profiles 13.
Forty four modular elements 1 are placed on two annular rows on the top of the first row of elements 2. On top of them, another annular row of twenty two U profiles 13 is placed. A reinforcement made of four striated steel for reinforced concrete bars with a diameter of 20 mm, fastened with clamps with a diameter of 8 mm is assembled in compartments 18, and vertical reinforcements of four striated steel for reinforced concrete bars with a diameter of 14 mm, fastened with circular clamps with a diameter of 6 mm are also assembled. Increased resistance concrete (C20/25) is cast in the compartments 18 and in the vertical channels 8, 15 and oblique channels 9. Twenty two lids 14 are placed on top of U profiles 13.
Sixty six modular elements 1 are placed on three annular rows on the top of the second annular row of elements 2. On top of them, another annular row of twenty two U profiles 13 is placed, reinforcements are assembled and concrete is cast, as in the precedent step. The lids 14 are placed. The storage basin is covered on the inside with a hydro-insulating membrane made of rubber or polyurea. A metallic structure is assembled at the upper part of the basin, and plates of polyurethane foam 24 cm thick are laid over the metallic structure, forming a insulating lid 4 of the storage basin.
Embodiment 2: Storage basin„tank in tank"
Two concentric basins for storage of hot water are built. The exterior basin has twenty two modular elements on each annular row and the interior one has fifteen modular elements on each annular row. The water, in the interior tank is warmer than the water in the exterior tank. The heat of the water from the interior tank is not wasted through the vertical wall of said tank, but it changes into absorbed heat for the water in the exterior tank. The heat of the water with higher temperature (80- 90°C) from the interior tank is used to obtain hot house water and the heat of the water with a lower temperature (70-80°C) from the exterior tank is used for heating a living space.
The construction of the "tank in tank" basin is similar to embodiment 1. The first concentric annular rows are placed, using thirty seven U profiles 13, the bottom of the basin is insulated with polyurethane plates 24 cm thick, reinforcements of steel for reinforced concrete with a diameter of 20 mm, fastened with clamps with a diameter of 8 mm are assembled in compartments 18, and vertical reinforcements of steel for reinforced concrete bars with a diameter of 14 mm, fastened with clamps with a diameter of 6 mm are also assembled. Increased resistance concrete (C20/25) is cast in the compartments 18 and on the basin bottom. The lids 14 are placed.
Then one hundred forty eight modular elements 1 are placed in four annular row on top of each annular row already achieved, and after that, thirty seven U profiles 13 are placed in two concentric annular rows over the modular elements 1. Reinforcements are assembled in the same way and concrete is cast in the compartments 18 and in the vertical channels 8, 15 and oblique channels 9. The lids 14 are placed. The storage basin is covered on the inside with a hydro-insulating membrane made of rubber or polyurea. A metallic structure is assembled at the upper part of the basin, and plates of polyurethane foams 24 cm thick are laid over the metallic structure, forming a insulating lid 4 of the storage basin.

Claims

Modular element (1) characterized in that it comprises a body having a superior face (a), an inferior face (b), an interior face (c) and an exterior face (d) representing coaxial cylinder sectors and lateral faces (e, f) extending vertically between the superior face (a) and the inferior face (b), the modular element (1) comprising in the interior at least two oblique channels (9) and at least one vertical channel (8) being provided between the oblique channels (9), the vertical channel (8) uniting the superior face (a) and the inferior face (b) of the body, said channels (8,9) communicating between them in order to form at least one main half joint (10), the oblique channels (9) opening to the superior face (a) or the inferior face (b) and the lateral faces (e,f) and extending from the median zone of at least the superior face a towards the median zones of the lateral faces (e, f) of the modular element body, forming secondary half joints (11), the vertical channel (8) opening at least to the inferior face (b), forming a tertiary half joint (12), the modular element (1) being provided with joint elements (16,17) with at least another modular element.
Modular element (2) characterized in that it comprises a U profile (13), having a horizontal bottom face (i) provided with at least one vertical channel (15), an interior wall (j) and an exterior wall (k), and a lid 14 having a horizontal upper face (I) provided with at least one vertical channel (15) and assemblage elements (m) with the U profile (13), the modular element (2) being provided with joint elements ( 6,17) with at least another modular element.
Modular element (1) according to claim 1 characterized in that the superior face (a) is parallel to the inferior face (b), the interior face (c) and the exterior face (d) represent coaxial cylinder sectors, the lateral faces (e, f) belong to planes that intersect in the cylinders axis, the modular element (1) having in the interior two vertical channels (8), three oblique channels (9), two main half joints (10), two secondary half joints (11), two tertiary half joints (12) and twelve joint elements (16, 17).
Modular element (1) according to claim 1 and 3 characterized in that the oblique channels (9) and the vertical channels (8) are cylindrical, having a circular cross section.
5. Modular element (1) according to claim 1 , 3 and 4 characterized in that the angle between the oblique channels (9) and the vertical channels (8) is 45°.
6. Modular element (2) according to claim 2 characterized in that the interior wall (j) and the exterior wall (k) represent coaxial cylinder sectors, the modular element (2) being provided with four vertical channels (15) and twelve joint elements (16, 17).
7. Modular element (1 ,2) according to any one of the preceeding claims, characterized in that it is made of a material selected from: polyurethanes, polyimides, polyethylene, polypropylene, polymerized vinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, amino resins, phenolic resins, silicones, expanded polystyrene and sodium silicate.
8. Network obtained by assembling a plurality of modular elements according to anyone of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the network includes horizontal annular channels, main joints, secondary joints and tertiary joints, connected through vertical channels (8,15) and oblique channels (9).
9. Supporting structure achieved by the casting of a hardening material in the network according to claim 8, obtained by connecting a plurality of modular elements according to anyone of claims 1 to 7, the hardening material being concrete, reinforced concrete, polyesther resins, epoxy resins, polyurethane resins.
10. Storage basin comprising a plurality of modular elements according to anyone of claims 1 to 7, wherein the basin is made up of the unitary supporting structure according to claim 9, in the interior of an insulating structure.
11. Storage basin according to claim 10, characterized in that the insulating structure is obtained by assembling a plurality of modular elements according to anyone of claims 1 to 7.
12. Process for a storage basin construction characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
- assemblage of a first row of U profiles (13), achievement of a thermic insulation (3) on the bottom of the storage basin, casting of a hardening material which fills the achieved horizontal channel and covers the bottom of the basin, placement of the lids ( 4) on top of the U profiles (13);
- assemblage of the modular elements (1) on two-four rows over the first row, and the placement of another row of U profiles 13 on top of the modular elements (1), following the cast of the hardening material and the placement of the lids (1 );
- the previous step is repeated until the desired height is achieved;
- the assemblage of a metallic structure at the upper part of the storage basin, plates of polyurethane foams being laid over the metallic structure, forming an insulating lid 4 of the storage basin.
PCT/RO2013/000013 2012-07-30 2013-07-24 Modular element for storage basin construction, supporting structure, method of construction thereof WO2014084748A2 (en)

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US14/418,233 US9856066B2 (en) 2012-07-30 2013-07-24 Modular element for storage basin construction, supporting structure, method of construction thereof

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ROA201200568A RO129241B1 (en) 2012-07-30 2012-07-30 Storage basin and method for making the same

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WO2014084748A3 (en) 2015-02-26
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US9856066B2 (en) 2018-01-02
EP2893098B1 (en) 2020-01-15
WO2014084748A4 (en) 2015-04-02
RO129241A2 (en) 2014-02-28

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