WO2023249504A1 - Modular building elements - Google Patents

Modular building elements Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023249504A1
WO2023249504A1 PCT/RO2023/000004 RO2023000004W WO2023249504A1 WO 2023249504 A1 WO2023249504 A1 WO 2023249504A1 RO 2023000004 W RO2023000004 W RO 2023000004W WO 2023249504 A1 WO2023249504 A1 WO 2023249504A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
modular elements
modular
elements
vertical
channels
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RO2023/000004
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Laureniu Dumitru BREAZ
Maia Beatrice BREAZ
Cristina BOB
Original Assignee
Breaz Laureniu Dumitru
Breaz Maia Beatrice
Bob Cristina
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Breaz Laureniu Dumitru, Breaz Maia Beatrice, Bob Cristina filed Critical Breaz Laureniu Dumitru
Publication of WO2023249504A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023249504A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/22—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having a general shape differing from that of a parallelepiped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/26—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element the walls being characterised by fillings in all cavities in order to form a wall construction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to modular elements for buildings, capable of being joined together by rotation in the horizontal plane to form any angle from 0 to 90°, to a resistance structure obtained by casting a material which hardens in a unitary network, formed of vertical channels and oblique channels, obtained by assembling the modular elements vertically or horizontally, and to a construction formed of a unitary resistance structure which is formed inside an insulating structure, obtained by assembling several modular elements.
  • Precast panels are used in a wide range of applications in the construction industry, to reduce construction time.
  • Precast panels are made by casting concrete into forms (formwork). After curing, the panels are positioned vertically at the construction site.
  • the insulation blocks have an internal arrangement in the form of vertical cavities, trapezoidal, circular, elliptical or parabolic in shape.
  • the structure, resulting after the blocks have been filled with concrete, has good strength and thermal insulation properties.
  • the disadvantage of this technical solution is the high consumption of insulation material and concrete and the lower strength of the linear structure compared to structures where concrete is poured in several directions.
  • Patent US 4942707 describes ceiling or roof structures that are supported by rigid insulation, which has several recesses or channels that become moulds for the concrete during casting. After the structures are assembled into the ceiling or roof form, concrete is poured into them.
  • the disadvantage of this technical solution is the high consumption of insulation material, of concrete, and the fact that this process is only applicable to ceilings and roofs.
  • Modular building elements are known, such as those described in patent RO 123373 Bl, of parallelepiped shape with a vertical channel and at least two oblique channels communicating with each other.
  • the disadvantage of this technical solution is the difficulty of manufacturing the elements.
  • Patent RO 123557 Bl relates to modular elements of insulating material for buildings, having at least one grid element inside, to a grid obtained by assembling the modular elements, to a resistance structure obtained by casting a material which hardens in the grid formed by assembling the modular elements, to a construction obtained by assembling the modular elements and joining them by the resistance structure, and to a method of obtaining this construction.
  • the disadvantage of these modular elements is that they are limited in use to angles of 180° or 90°, and for angles of 90° another mould is needed.
  • the modular element solves this problem and eliminates the disadvantages of the above solutions by being made up of a rectangular parallelepipeds body with a flat upper surface, a flat lower surface and lateral surfaces, the flat surfaces having elements for assembly and fixing with other modular elements arranged vertically or horizontally on the inside, the parallelepipeds body having a vertical cylindrical channel open at the upper and lower surfaces, communicating with two oblique channels each starting from the lateral surfaces and extending to the intersection with the vertical cylindrical channel, and wherein the parallelepipeds body consists of two mirror-symmetrical halves with respect to a median plane, the lateral ends of the parallelepipeds body having a convex surface and a concave surface of the same radius, the vertical channel being disposed close to the convex lateral surface and the oblique channels having different lengths and inclinations being open at the convex and concave lateral surfaces respectively.
  • Figure 3 Modular element for constructions with high density polyurethane reinforcement;
  • Figure 4 Belt elements joined at various angles;
  • Figure 6 Construction consisting of modular elements and belt elements at top and bottom.
  • the modular element according to the present invention consists of a body in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped 1, which has a flat upper surface 2 and a flat lower surface 3, and at the lateral ends has a convex surface 4 and opposite it a concave surface 5 of the same radius.
  • a connecting channel 8 extends from the vertical channel opening 6 of the upper surface 2 to the convex surface 4.
  • the connecting channel 8 is optionally obtained by coring and connects two adjacent modular elements.
  • the body 1 has on the upper surface 2 teeth 9 and on the lower surface 3 recesses 10, which serve to join the elements, nut and feder, as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the parallelepipedic body 1 is obtained by moulding and bonding two mirror-symmetrical body halves 12 and 13 to the median plane P, see fig 3.
  • the modular element is made of low-density polyurethane 50-100 kg/m3.
  • the two body halves 12,13 In order to increase the pressure resistance, in the area of contact with the concrete which is poured into the network of channels, the two body halves 12,13 have on the inside a layer 11 of polyurethane of medium or high density, i.e. 200-600 kg/m3, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the modular element for the belt in the form of a rectangular parallelepipeds body, consists of two symmetrical vertical sides 14,15, mirror-symmetrically joined at the bottom by a sole, as shown in Figure 4, and convex 16 and concave 17 side surfaces. On the upper and lower flat surfaces of the vertical sides 14,15, they have teeth 9 and recesses 10 for easier joining and fixing of the modular elements together.
  • a cylindrical polygonal construction is obtained by assembling several modular elements on the circumference, having at the lower and upper side modular elements for the belt.
  • a cylindrical polygonal strength structure 18 obtained by assembling on the circumference of an imaginary circle a plurality of modular elements, in the given example a number of twenty-four modular elements, having at the lower and upper sides, modular elements for the belt, and between them are arranged modular elements with an internal reinforcing layer 11 , which take up the force exerted by the pressure of the material in the basin on the internal part of the body 1 of the modular element and discharge it onto the layer 11 of medium or high density polyurethane. This in turn discharges the force of the stored material onto the concrete structure formed on the inside of the polygonal wall made up of joined modular elements, preventing the crushing of the low-density polyurethane from which the symmetrical halves 12 and 13 are made.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Modular element consisting of a rectangular parallelepipeds body (1) having a flat upper surface, a flat lower surface with elements for assembly with other superimposed modular elements, and lateral surfaces, the interior of the parallelepipeds body having a vertical cylindrical channel open at the upper surface and at the lower surface, which channel communicates with two oblique channels each starting from the lateral surfaces and extending to the intersection with the vertical channel, wherein the parallelepipeds body (1) is formed by moulding two symmetrical, mirror image body halves (12, 13) with respect to the median plane P, one of the lateral ends of the body (1) has a convex surface (4) and the other end a concave surface (5) of the same radius, on the flat upper surface (2) and on the lower surface (3) are arranged teeth (9) and recesses (10) serving for a nut and bolt joint.

Description

Modular building elements
The invention relates to modular elements for buildings, capable of being joined together by rotation in the horizontal plane to form any angle from 0 to 90°, to a resistance structure obtained by casting a material which hardens in a unitary network, formed of vertical channels and oblique channels, obtained by assembling the modular elements vertically or horizontally, and to a construction formed of a unitary resistance structure which is formed inside an insulating structure, obtained by assembling several modular elements.
Concrete panels are used in a wide range of applications in the construction industry, to reduce construction time. Precast panels are made by casting concrete into forms (formwork). After curing, the panels are positioned vertically at the construction site.
The disadvantage of these panels is that, because they are not insulated, they will be insulated later and the insulation work is expensive and labour- intensive. Another disadvantage is that they cannot be used for ceilings, as they do not have sufficient strength for large ceilings.
Patent US 2002017070 describes a module made of expanded plastic for the construction of a concrete wall structure, insulated by assembling the modules together and filling them with concrete. The module is made of expanded polystyrene, for example. Each module is in the form of a rigid block, with a predetermined configuration inside, to be filled with concrete. In addition, a network of steel or plastic bars is inserted into the modules, to increase strength. The disadvantage of this technical solution is the high consumption of concrete, flow problems when pouring the concrete, due to the shape of the interior channels, arranged perpendicular to the vertical and horizontal direction, complicated construction and additional labour due to the network of bars. Patent WO 2005059264 relates to polyurethane or polystyrene foams for concrete structures. The insulation blocks (elements) have an internal arrangement in the form of vertical cavities, trapezoidal, circular, elliptical or parabolic in shape. The structure, resulting after the blocks have been filled with concrete, has good strength and thermal insulation properties. The disadvantage of this technical solution is the high consumption of insulation material and concrete and the lower strength of the linear structure compared to structures where concrete is poured in several directions.
Patent US 4942707 describes ceiling or roof structures that are supported by rigid insulation, which has several recesses or channels that become moulds for the concrete during casting. After the structures are assembled into the ceiling or roof form, concrete is poured into them. The disadvantage of this technical solution is the high consumption of insulation material, of concrete, and the fact that this process is only applicable to ceilings and roofs.
Modular building elements are known, such as those described in patent RO 123373 Bl, of parallelepiped shape with a vertical channel and at least two oblique channels communicating with each other. The disadvantage of this technical solution is the difficulty of manufacturing the elements.
Patent GB 1170103 describes a construction element made of an insulating material for arched dome-type structures with a network of internal, vertical and oblique channels. The disadvantage of this technical solution is that the concrete is applied after the formation of each ring of the dome-type construction, involving high costs and increased time for labour, in addition it does not allow the distribution of concrete between successive layers of building elements.
Patent RO 123557 Bl relates to modular elements of insulating material for buildings, having at least one grid element inside, to a grid obtained by assembling the modular elements, to a resistance structure obtained by casting a material which hardens in the grid formed by assembling the modular elements, to a construction obtained by assembling the modular elements and joining them by the resistance structure, and to a method of obtaining this construction. The disadvantage of these modular elements is that they are limited in use to angles of 180° or 90°, and for angles of 90° another mould is needed.
The technical issue which the invention solves consists in the realisation of optimised modular elements which can be arranged and joined together in the horizontal plane, by rotation through an angle from 0 to 90°, with an increased compressive and shear strength, allowing the creation of a unitary strength structure for the realisation of a construction based on these modular elements.
The modular element solves this problem and eliminates the disadvantages of the above solutions by being made up of a rectangular parallelepipeds body with a flat upper surface, a flat lower surface and lateral surfaces, the flat surfaces having elements for assembly and fixing with other modular elements arranged vertically or horizontally on the inside, the parallelepipeds body having a vertical cylindrical channel open at the upper and lower surfaces, communicating with two oblique channels each starting from the lateral surfaces and extending to the intersection with the vertical cylindrical channel, and wherein the parallelepipeds body consists of two mirror-symmetrical halves with respect to a median plane, the lateral ends of the parallelepipeds body having a convex surface and a concave surface of the same radius, the vertical channel being disposed close to the convex lateral surface and the oblique channels having different lengths and inclinations being open at the convex and concave lateral surfaces respectively.
The modular element for the belt consists of two symmetrical mirror- symmetrical halves, joined at the bottom by a sole, forming a rectangular parallelepipeds body having flat upper and lower surfaces, the lateral ends of the parallelepipeds body having a convex surface and a concave surface of the same radius, the upper and lower surfaces having machined fasteners.
Polygonal strength structure obtained by assembling several modular elements with a high-density polyurethane reinforcing layer inside.
Cylindrical polygonal structure obtained by assembling several modular elements on the circumference, having at the lower and upper sides modular elements for the belt, and between them modular elements with high-density polyurethane reinforcement.
By applying the invention, the following advantages are obtained:
- A large number of types of assemblies can be obtained, at any desired angle, creating multiple possibilities for the realisation of building walls;
- High compressive and shear strength of walls built with modular elements according to the invention;
- Quick and easy assembly of modular elements;
- Short construction times of constructions based on modular elements according to the invention;
- Increased energy efficiency and a unitary strength structure with minimal material consumption without formwork elements.
In the following, some examples of embodiments of the invention are given in connection with also Figures 1-6 representing:
Figure 1 Modular building element;
Figure 2 Modular elements for construction joined at various angles;
Figure 3 Modular element for constructions with high density polyurethane reinforcement; Figure 4 Belt elements joined at various angles;
Figure 5 Modular element wall with top and bottom belt elements;
Figure 6 Construction consisting of modular elements and belt elements at top and bottom.
The modular element according to the present invention consists of a body in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped 1, which has a flat upper surface 2 and a flat lower surface 3, and at the lateral ends has a convex surface 4 and opposite it a concave surface 5 of the same radius.
The convex 4 and concave 5 lateral surfaces, respectively, permit the joining in a horizontal plane of several modular elements placed side by side at different angles by rotation through an angle of 0 to 90°.
On the inside, the body 1 has a vertical cylindrical channel 6 and an oblique cylindrical channel 7 extending from the opening of the vertical channel 6 in the upper surface 2 to the concave surface 5.
A connecting channel 8 extends from the vertical channel opening 6 of the upper surface 2 to the convex surface 4. The connecting channel 8 is optionally obtained by coring and connects two adjacent modular elements.
The body 1 has on the upper surface 2 teeth 9 and on the lower surface 3 recesses 10, which serve to join the elements, nut and feder, as shown in Fig. 1.
The parallelepipedic body 1 is obtained by moulding and bonding two mirror-symmetrical body halves 12 and 13 to the median plane P, see fig 3.
The modular element is made of low-density polyurethane 50-100 kg/m3.
By joining and interlocking several modular elements arranged at different angles due to the convex 4 and concave 5 lateral surfaces, and by superimposing several modular elements, joined and fixed by teeth 9 and voids 10, a closed network of vertical cylindrical channels 6 and a closed network of oblique channels 7 or connecting channels 8 are obtained, channels which communicate with each other forming, by casting concrete, a resistance structure 18.
In order to increase the pressure resistance, in the area of contact with the concrete which is poured into the network of channels, the two body halves 12,13 have on the inside a layer 11 of polyurethane of medium or high density, i.e. 200-600 kg/m3, as shown in Figure 3.
The modular element for the belt, in the form of a rectangular parallelepipeds body, consists of two symmetrical vertical sides 14,15, mirror-symmetrically joined at the bottom by a sole, as shown in Figure 4, and convex 16 and concave 17 side surfaces. On the upper and lower flat surfaces of the vertical sides 14,15, they have teeth 9 and recesses 10 for easier joining and fixing of the modular elements together.
A cylindrical polygonal construction is obtained by assembling several modular elements on the circumference, having at the lower and upper side modular elements for the belt.
As an example, in the case of a material store, it is made of a cylindrical polygonal strength structure 18 obtained by assembling on the circumference of an imaginary circle a plurality of modular elements, in the given example a number of twenty-four modular elements, having at the lower and upper sides, modular elements for the belt, and between them are arranged modular elements with an internal reinforcing layer 11 , which take up the force exerted by the pressure of the material in the basin on the internal part of the body 1 of the modular element and discharge it onto the layer 11 of medium or high density polyurethane. This in turn discharges the force of the stored material onto the concrete structure formed on the inside of the polygonal wall made up of joined modular elements, preventing the crushing of the low-density polyurethane from which the symmetrical halves 12 and 13 are made.

Claims

Claims
1. Modular element consisting of a rectangular parallelepipedic body having a flat upper surface, a flat lower surface with elements for assembly with other superimposed modular elements, and lateral surfaces, the interior of the parallelepipedic body having a vertical cylindrical channel open at the upper surface and at the lower surface, which channel communicates with two oblique channels each starting from the lateral surfaces and extending to the intersection with the vertical channel, characterized in that the parallelepipedic body (1) is formed by moulding two symmetrical, mirror image body halves (12, 13) with respect to the median plane P, one of the lateral ends of the body (1) has a convex surface (4) and the other end a concave surface (5) of the same radius, on the flat upper surface (2) and on the lower surface (3) are arranged teeth (9) and recesses (10) serving for a nut and bolt joint.
2. Modular element as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in order to increase the pressure resistance, in the area of contact with the concrete which is poured into the channel network (6,7,8) , the two body halves (12,13) have on the inner side a layer (11) of polyurethane of medium or high density , respectively 200-600 kg/m3.
3. Modular element for a belt, characterized in that it consists of two symmetrical vertical mirror sides (14,15) joined at the bottom by a sole, convex side surfaces (16) and concave side surfaces (17), on the upper and lower flat surfaces of the vertical sides (14,15), teeth (9) and hollows (10) being machined for easier joining and fixing of the modular elements to each other.
4. Polygonal strength structure, characterized in that it is composed of several modular elements, joined together, arranged and joined at different angles due to convex (4) and concave (5) lateral surfaces, and by overlapping and fixing by means of teeth (9) and voids (10), a closed network of vertical channels (6), oblique channels (7) and connecting channels (8), forming by concrete casting, a strength structure (18). Polygonal strength structure according to claim 4, characterized in that in order to increase the pressure resistance, in the area of contact with the concrete which is poured into the network of channels (6,7,8) , a layer (11) of polyurethane of medium or high density, i.e. 200-600 kg/m3 , is arranged at the inner side of the body (1). Cylindrical polygonal construction, characterized in that it is formed of a cylindrical polygonal structure of strength (18) obtained by assembling on the circumference several modular elements of claims 1,2 and 3, having at the lower and upper part, modular elements for the belt, and between them, modular elements with internal reinforcing layer (11).
PCT/RO2023/000004 2022-06-14 2023-06-09 Modular building elements WO2023249504A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RO202200330 2022-06-14
ROA202200330 2022-06-14

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WO2023249504A1 true WO2023249504A1 (en) 2023-12-28

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Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1170103A (en) 1965-11-12 1969-11-12 Stracke Ing Markus Building Elements.
GB1402992A (en) * 1972-07-18 1975-08-13 Clark R A Building blocks
US4942707A (en) 1988-02-22 1990-07-24 Huettemann Erik W Load-bearing roof or ceiling assembly made up of insulated concrete panels
US5003746A (en) * 1988-11-07 1991-04-02 Structural Block Systems, Inc. Arcuate and curvilinear assemblies comprising tandemly arranged building blocks having degrees of rotation
US20020017070A1 (en) 2000-06-30 2002-02-14 Batch Juan R. Plastic module for insulated concrete waffle wall
GB2369133A (en) * 2000-10-10 2002-05-22 Richard Kenworthy Building block
US20040000114A1 (en) * 2002-06-26 2004-01-01 Schools Jody L. Modular construction blocks, building structures, kits, and methods for forming building structures
WO2005059264A1 (en) 2003-12-17 2005-06-30 Hernandez Estrada Antonio Osca Polyurethane or polystyrene foam block for concrete structures
US20080250736A1 (en) * 2005-09-22 2008-10-16 Laurentiu Dumitru Breaz Modular Elements, Network, Supporting Structure, Construct
RO123557B1 (en) * 2007-08-22 2013-08-30 Laurenţiu-Dumitru Breaz Modular element, network, bearing structure and construction made therewith
US9856066B2 (en) * 2012-07-30 2018-01-02 Laurentiu Dumitru Breaz Modular element for storage basin construction, supporting structure, method of construction thereof
US20210348383A1 (en) * 2018-10-15 2021-11-11 Start Somewhere gemeinnützige GmbH Wall block, range of wall blocks, and formwork for producing a wall block

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1170103A (en) 1965-11-12 1969-11-12 Stracke Ing Markus Building Elements.
GB1402992A (en) * 1972-07-18 1975-08-13 Clark R A Building blocks
US4942707A (en) 1988-02-22 1990-07-24 Huettemann Erik W Load-bearing roof or ceiling assembly made up of insulated concrete panels
US5003746A (en) * 1988-11-07 1991-04-02 Structural Block Systems, Inc. Arcuate and curvilinear assemblies comprising tandemly arranged building blocks having degrees of rotation
US20020017070A1 (en) 2000-06-30 2002-02-14 Batch Juan R. Plastic module for insulated concrete waffle wall
GB2369133A (en) * 2000-10-10 2002-05-22 Richard Kenworthy Building block
US20040000114A1 (en) * 2002-06-26 2004-01-01 Schools Jody L. Modular construction blocks, building structures, kits, and methods for forming building structures
WO2005059264A1 (en) 2003-12-17 2005-06-30 Hernandez Estrada Antonio Osca Polyurethane or polystyrene foam block for concrete structures
US20080250736A1 (en) * 2005-09-22 2008-10-16 Laurentiu Dumitru Breaz Modular Elements, Network, Supporting Structure, Construct
RO123557B1 (en) * 2007-08-22 2013-08-30 Laurenţiu-Dumitru Breaz Modular element, network, bearing structure and construction made therewith
US9856066B2 (en) * 2012-07-30 2018-01-02 Laurentiu Dumitru Breaz Modular element for storage basin construction, supporting structure, method of construction thereof
US20210348383A1 (en) * 2018-10-15 2021-11-11 Start Somewhere gemeinnützige GmbH Wall block, range of wall blocks, and formwork for producing a wall block

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