WO2014082011A1 - Couvercle de protection thermique et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Couvercle de protection thermique et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014082011A1
WO2014082011A1 PCT/US2013/071496 US2013071496W WO2014082011A1 WO 2014082011 A1 WO2014082011 A1 WO 2014082011A1 US 2013071496 W US2013071496 W US 2013071496W WO 2014082011 A1 WO2014082011 A1 WO 2014082011A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
protective cover
thermally protective
tyvek
cover
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2013/071496
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Srinivas Cherukupalli
Atanu ACHARYA
Raghvendra Singh PAL
Original Assignee
E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company filed Critical E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company
Publication of WO2014082011A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014082011A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/04—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by at least one layer folded at the edge, e.g. over another layer ; characterised by at least one layer enveloping or enclosing a material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/046—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/12—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
    • B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0207—Materials belonging to B32B25/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/08—Cars

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to thermally protective cover for storage or transportation of temperature sensitive material which is to be maintained at or near their temperature at the time of packaging.
  • This invention also relates to a method of manufacture of thermal barriers for transport and storage of articles having improved thermal protection properties for temperature sensitive materials.
  • the conventional means of shipping temperature sensitive materials such as pharma and bio -pharma products involves the use of an insulated box along with some cooling agent.
  • These cooling agents are typically a frozen gel, dry ice, or glistening (wet) ice.
  • Styrofoam ® is one of the commonly used insulation material.
  • the cooling agents also present numerous practical problems in field use.
  • gel systems are often too expensive for routine use and disposal.
  • the carbon dioxide gas evolved during shipment may be dangerous to personnel involved with packing and transportation of the shipment.
  • Wet ice poses handling problems in packing, as well as leakage and product soaking problems.
  • honeycomb or cellular structures inside walls is also widely discussed in the prior art. These structures are intended to be permanently affixed on the inner space between an exterior wall of a sheltered structure (such as a home or building) and the interior wall of the structure.
  • a sheltered structure such as a home or building
  • prior art proposals are those of US3314846;
  • baffled structures are commonly made of paperboard material, which must be treated to avoid disintegration from contact with moisture commonly forming near a cold object through condensation of water from air.
  • 2703770 describe a honeycomb structure created using plastic material and alternating heat sealing dots.
  • the process for the use of such an approach is extremely slow as the rate of the machine is limited by the inherent time required for heat sealing the dots. While increased rates may be achieved through multiple heat sealing fixtures, such methods prove expensive and difficult to assure proper quality control.
  • Vaccines and serums are expected to be maintained, in most cases, between 2 - 8
  • thermal protective cover which significantly increases the time at which the product stays between a required temperature range and which is easy to manufacture, use and is also more cost effective. This would result in better protection for temperature sensitive products with more economical solutions for transporting and preserving them.
  • an object of the invention is to provide a good barrier for different modes of heat transfer (conduction, convection, radiation) along with incorporation of an active cooling mechanism.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a thermal protection cover having improved air permeability to protect temperature excursions during shipment of pharma /bio pharma products or other such temperature sensitive materials through land, air or water.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a thermal protection cover containing suitable barrier of single or a plurality of layers at different levels of the packaging system.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a thermal protection cover containing an active insulation system which proactively preempts energy absorption by the package and also helps in further decreasing the risk of temperature deviation.
  • An aspect of this invention is a thermally protective cover for storage or transportation of temperature sensitive material comprising a plurality of layers with at least one radiative barrier layer and at least one insulation layer; wherein the thermally protective cover has air permeability of at least 25 standard Gurley seconds per 100 cc of air.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the thermal protection cover.
  • Figure 2 is a data logger chart comparing temperature profiles of Tyvek® 1048 A against Metalized Tyvek®.
  • Figure 3 is a data logger chart comparing temperature profiles of Tyvek® 1048 A against T 100 and T700.
  • Figure 4 is a data logger chart comparing temperature profiles of Tyvek® 1048 A against Tyvek® NR.
  • Figure 5 is a data logger chart comparing temperature profiles of Tyvek® 1048 A against Tyvek® NR
  • Figure 6 is a data logger chart comparing temperature profiles of Tyvek® 1048 A against metalized Tyvek®.
  • Figure 7 is a data logger chart comparing temperature profiles of Tyvek® 1048 A against Tyvek® with SAP (super absorbent panel).
  • Figure 8 is a data logger chart comparing temperature profiles of Tyvek® 1048 A with vacuum insulation panel against Tyvek® alone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • An aspect of this invention is a thermally protective cover for storage or transportation of temperature sensitive material comprising a plurality of layers with at least one radiative barrier layer and at least one insulation layer; wherein the thermally protective cover has air permeability of at least 25 seconds per 100 cc of air as measured by the Gurley method.
  • the radiative barrier layer has a reflectivity of at least 20% in the wavelength region of 100 - 3000 nm and an emissivity of at least 0.05.
  • the radiative barrier layer is selected from a group consisting of metal foils, non-wovens, polymeric microporous membranes, perforated polymeric sheets, porous cellulosic sheets or combinations thereof.
  • the non-woven is a polyolefm flash spun non- woven having a reflectivity of at least 50 % in the wavelength region of 400-700 nm.
  • one of the radiative barrier layers is at least partially coated or adhered or laminated or adjacent or present as a distinct layer with respect to the outer most radiative barrier.
  • the insulation layer has an R- value per inch of 0.1-50 ft 2 °F/ (Btu/h).
  • the insulation layer is selected from a group such as a fibrous polyester wool, nitrile rubber foam, nitrile rubber blended with polyvinyl chloride foam, cross-linked polyethylene foam, polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam, water filled super absorbent polymer/polyacrylates, a vacuum panel having a honeycomb structure as a core layer or combination of these with metal foil, nonwovens, polymeric microporous membrane, porous cellulosic sheet and the like.
  • a group such as a fibrous polyester wool, nitrile rubber foam, nitrile rubber blended with polyvinyl chloride foam, cross-linked polyethylene foam, polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam, water filled super absorbent polymer/polyacrylates, a vacuum panel having a honeycomb structure as a core layer or combination of these with metal foil, nonwovens, polymeric microporous membrane, porous cellulosic sheet and the like.
  • the invention is method for covering temperature sensitive material for storage or transportation with a thermally protective cover comprising the steps of covering temperature sensitive material with at least one insulation layer and at least one radiative barrier layer; wherein the thermally protective cover is air permeable.
  • the vacuum insulation panel comprising of a core and skin is manufactured by a method comprising the steps of enclosing the panel inside a non-permeable cover, evacuating air from the core layer of the panel, and sealing the non-permeable cover in a manner such that there would be no loss of vacuum thereby creating a vacuum insulated panel.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is the use of the thermally protective cover for pharma and bio-pharma industry, insulations for buildings, food and beverage industry, automobiles and the like.
  • thermally protective cover refers to an article which aids in protecting against thermal excursions of a product or the material to be thermally protected or transported;
  • Radiative barrier refers to materials which allows for an efficient reflectivity of solar radiation
  • insulation layer refers to a structure designed to reduce or minimize heat transfer there through
  • air permeability refers to the time required for specific volume of air under unit pressure to pass through unit measured by standard Gurley method and expressed as seconds per 100 cc of air;
  • reflectivity refers to the ability to reflect electromagnetic radiation
  • emissivity refers to the ability of a material to re-emit absorbed thermal energy as radiation
  • R-value is defined as the thermal resistivity of a material as measured by a guarded hot plate instrument
  • Reduced atmospheric pressure refers to a condition of lowered concentration of air within a confined space as compared to atmospheric pressure.
  • “Gurley method” is based on the principle that air is compressed by the weight of a vertical cylinder floating in a liquid. A test piece is in contact with the compressed air and the cylinder falls steadily as air passes through the test piece. The time for a given volume of air to pass through the test piece, i.e. the air resistance is measured and from this the air permeability is calculated.
  • Air cargo covers made from DuPontTM Tyvek® provide a high level of thermal protection from solar radiation to reduce the damaging effects of the heat.
  • the reflective property of Tyvek® keeps the shipment naturally cooler than other covers on the market.
  • the unique properties of Tyvek® allow for rapid cooling of the load when placed in chilled storage or cooling chambers, shortening cooling times.
  • DuPontTM Tyvek® Air Cargo Covers provide protection from heavy rains and are tear resistant, lightweight and easy to use. They also protect against airborne
  • Tyvek® Air Cargo Covers offer the utmost protection for pharmaceutical items, fruits, vegetables and fresh flowers. It is known that Tyvek® Air Cargo Covers generated an average of 15.4 °C lower temperatures when compared to an uncovered load when exposed to sun light and 9.2 °C lower when at ambient temperature. However, when compared to Aluminum bubble wrap, the difference is negligible.
  • Tyvek® alone as a thermal protective cover has not been found to be successful to provide a solution to the problem associated with temperature excursions during shipment of very temperature sensitive material such as vaccines. There is therefore a need to have a solution that affords protection for such requirements.
  • the inventors found that introducing a suitable barrier to different modes of heat transfer as an outer cover or at different levels of the packaging system along with Tyvek® could provide the desired effect.
  • An active insulation system which proactively preempts energy absorption by the package would also help in further decreasing the risk of temperature deviation.
  • the proposed solution has the following embodiments- 1.
  • secondary barrier: Tyvek® microstructure allows for an efficient reflectivity of both UV and visible ranges of radiation. While only a small portion of UV radiation (320 - 400 nm) reaches earth surface, a significantly high energy density radiation is in the visible range (400 - 700 nm). This radiation once absorbed converts into lower energy (higher wavelengths) and re-emitted as infra-red (IR) radiation.
  • Tyvek® grades have reflectivity values of 85-95 % in 400 - 700 nm radiation, compared to about 50 % by Aluminum and 3 % by transparent stretch wrap. In the near to mid-IR region (700 - 2500 nm), Tyvek® has an average reflectivity of 50-65 %, while
  • Aluminum is slightly better with values of 75- 80 %. Therefore, a metalized Tyvek® (through coating, lamination, adhesion, or just adjacent layering), would act as a complete radiant barrier in comparison to any other competitive material and thereby offer effective solutions.
  • Convective barrier Though both forced and natural convection currents can be limited in impact through use of a highly tortuous barrier (Tyvek® or metallic Tyvek®), other ways to limit any damage is to have a thicker insulation. This can be achieved through fibrous, open cell, or closed cell insulations (such as honey comb structures) - as have been in our proposed solution.
  • Conductive barrier Conductive barriers have been incorporated through use of fibrous insulation (polyester and micro-denier polyester), open cell (polyethylene foam), and closed cell (Nitrile rubber, cross-linked polyethylene) insulation. Increasing thermal resistance is achieved through increasing the density or thickness of the insulating material.
  • Active insulation Water has an extremely high heat capacity and can be used to 'soak' up incident energy before transferring the remnants to packaged goods. While water in liquid form can be used (unfrozen gel packs, packaged pouches etc.) they create hassles in handling (vertical panels can create uneven distributions) and risk of punctures and leaks.
  • a super absorbent polymer (SAP) such as metallic salts of polyacrylate can bind with water molecules creating a gel that remains stable even in different physical orientations (vertical panels).
  • the present invention is intended to be used in pharma and bio-pharma industry.
  • Tyvek® 1048 A a flash spun non woven high density polyethylene from E.I. DuPont de Nemours Company;
  • T 100 100 g /cm2 fibrous polyester wool
  • T700 700 g /cm2 fibrous polyester wool
  • T300 a 200 g/m 2 of fibrous micro-denier polyester wool (DuPont® Comformax®) with 100 g/m 2 of polyester wool;
  • T-NR a 6 mm closed cell Nitrile Rubber foam (blended with about 40 wt % Poly vinyl chloride);
  • MT-NR9 Metallised Tyvek® with 9 mm closed cell Nitrile Rubber foam, in
  • Fig. 1 shows the cross section of the thermal protection cover describing the above mentioned barrier layers:
  • Inner covering layer Fig. 2 is a data logger chart comparing temperature profiles of Tyvek® 1048 A against Metalized Tyvek®, wherein the curves are identified as:
  • Fig. 3 is a data logger chart comparing temperature profiles of Tyvek® 1048 A against T100 and T700 for temperature profiles below packaging sheet at ambient exposure of 27°C, wherein the curves are identified as:
  • T700 Fig. 4 is a data logger chart comparing temperature profiles of Tyvek® 1048 A against Tyvek® NR for maximum ambient temperature of 40°C, wherein the curves are identified as:
  • Fig. 5 is a data logger chart comparing temperature profiles of Tyvek® 1048 A against Tyvek® NR for average exposure temperature of 40° C in the absence of sunlight, wherein the curves are identified as:
  • Tyvek® NR Fig. 6 is a data logger chart comparing temperature profiles of Tyvek® 1048 A against metalized Tyvek® with closed cell insulation for maximum ambient temperature of 37°C, wherein the curves are identified as:
  • Fig. 7 is a data logger chart comparing temperature profiles of Tyvek® 1048 A against Tyvek® with SAP (super absorbent panel) for maximum exposure temperature of 32°C in direct sunlight, wherein the curves are identified as:
  • Fig. 8 is a data logger chart comparing temperature profiles of Tyvek® 1048 A with vacuum insulation panel against Tyvek® alone within the range of 2-20 °C, wherein the curves are identified as:
  • Air permeability of pallet cover was measured by an ISO 5636-5 method using a Gurley 4340 apparatus.
  • the apparatus consisted of an opening for a flat-sheet sample to be inserted and clamped pneumatically. Upon clamping, a constant volume of air is passed through the test specimen at a particular applied pressure (specified by Gurley 4340 automatic densometer provided by Gurley Precision Instruments, Troy, NY, USA) and the time taken (in seconds) is displayed by the instrument to indicate the air permeability of the sample.
  • a 750 x 750 x 750 mm 3 pallet was prepared with 27, 3-ply corrugated packaging boxes and covered with Metallised Tyvek® grade by first applying a bottom cover, followed by a top cover, thereafter sealing the two using a double sided adhesive tape. Prior to placing the top cover, a data logger was taped on top of the top row, middle box. The Tyvek® (white) side of Metallised Tyvek® faced the sun during exposure. The pallets were exposed to ambient conditions (maximum ambient temperature 41 °C) for a period of at least 72 hours before analyzing the temperature profiles. The above sample showed an air permeability value of 1578 s per 100 cc of air as measured by Gurley method.
  • a 750 x 750 x 750 mm 3 pallet was prepared similar to example 1, except that pallet was covered with Tyvek® 1048 A with a data logger in position.
  • the Tyvek® (white) side of Tyvek® 1048 A faced the sun during exposure.
  • the above sample showed an air permeability value of 13.7 s per 100 cc of air as measured by Gurley method.
  • a 750 x 750 x 750 mm 3 pallet was prepared similar to example 1, except that pallet was covered with a transparent polyethylene stretch wrap.
  • the above sample did not show any air permeability with value greater than 50000 s per 100 cc of air as measured by Gurley method.
  • the data loggers indicated a average peak temperatures of 37 °C for Example 1 ; 44 °C for comparative example la and 80 °C for comparative example lb . Such a performance difference was observed over multiple repetitions of this experiment.
  • Pallets of dimensions described in Example 1 were prepared with Tyvek® 1048A along with T100 (insulation layer).
  • the bottom layer was spun bonded Polypropylene of about 100 g/m 2 basis weight.
  • Data loggers were placed in each pallet as described in Example 1.
  • the pallets were first conditioned at 20 °C for at least 6 hours, before placing them under a shaded region with no direct sun light exposure for at least 3 hours.
  • the constant (3 hour period) average temperature of the shaded regions was 27 °C. At least 3 such cycles were carried out to obtain average temperature profiles.
  • the above sample showed an air permeability value of 25 s per 100 cc of air as measured by Gurley method.
  • Pallets of dimensions described in Example 1 were prepared with Tyvek® 1048 A and T700.
  • the bottom layer was spun bonded Polypropylene of about 100 g/m 2 basis weight.
  • Data loggers were placed in each pallet as described in Example 1.
  • the pallets were first conditioned at 20 °C for at least 6 hours, before placing them under a shaded region with no direct sun light exposure for at least 3 hours.
  • the constant (3 hour period) average temperatures of the shaded regions were 27 °C. At least 3 such cycles were carried out to obtain average temperature profiles.
  • the above sample showed an air permeability value of greater than 25 s per 100 cc of air as measured by Gurley method.
  • Example 4 (comparative example with respect to examples 2 and 3)
  • Example 1 Pallets of dimensions described in Example 1 were prepared with Tyvek® 1048 A and T-NR. The bottom layer was spun bonded Polypropylene of about 100 g/m 2 basis weight. The pallets were exposed under direct sun light. Data loggers were placed underneath the cover on top of top row middle box and also in top row corner box with 1.7 kgs of gel packs (> 95 wt % water) to simulate the product. The above sample showed an air permeability value of 13545 s per 100 cc of air as measured by Gurley method.
  • Example 6 comparativative example with respect to example 5
  • Example 5 Pallets of dimensions described in Example 5 were prepared with Tyvek® 1048 A without any insulation layer. Data loggers were placed in each pallet as described in Example 1. The pallets were placed under direct sun light. Data loggers were placed underneath the cover on top of top row middle box and also in top row corner box with 1.7 kgs of gel packs (> 95 wt % water) to simulate the product. The above sample showed an air permeability value of 13.7 s per 100 cc of air as measured by Gurley method. Under direct sunlight, Fig. 4 indicates the improved performance of T-NR over Tyvek® 1048 A alone.
  • the product temperatures were nearly 5 °C lower for T-NR over Tyvek® 1048 A and moreover, time to reach the peak temperature was offset by at least 4 to 5 hours - a significant impact for thermal protection of perishable goods. Also with insulation layers, air permeability typically decreases.
  • Example 1 Pallets of dimensions described in Example 1 were prepared with Tyvek® 1048 A and T-NR.
  • the bottom layer was spun bonded Polypropylene of about 100 g/m 2 basis weight.
  • the pallets were first conditioned at 20 °C for at least 6 hours, before placing them under a shaded region with no direct sun light exposure for at least 3 hours.
  • Data loggers were placed underneath the cover on top of top row middle box and also in top row corner box with 1.7 kgs of gel packs (> 95 wt % water) to simulate the product.
  • the above sample showed an air permeability value of 13545 s per 100 cc of air as measured by Gurley method.
  • Example 8 comparativative example to example 7
  • Pallets of dimensions described in Example 7 were prepared with Tyvek® 1048 A without any insulation layer.
  • the bottom layer was spun bonded Polypropylene of about 100 g/m 2 basis weight .
  • Data loggers were placed in each pallet as described in Example 1. The pallets were first conditioned at 20 °C for at least 6 hours, before placing them under a shaded region with no direct sun light exposure for at least 3 hours. Data loggers were placed underneath the cover on top of top row middle box and also in top row corner box with 1.7 kgs of gel packs (> 95 wt % water) to simulate the product.
  • Example 1 Pallets of dimensions described in Example 1 were prepared with Metallised Tyvek® and MT-NR9. The bottom layer was spun bonded Polypropylene of about 100 g/m 2 basis weight The pallets were exposed to direct sun light for at least 100 hours and the product temperature profiles were recorded, as described in Example 3. The above sample showed an air permeability value of 15000 s per 100 cc of air as measured by Gurley method.
  • Example 10 (comparative example to example 9)
  • Pallets of dimensions described in Example 9 were prepared with Tyvek® 1048 A without MT-NR9. The pallets were exposed to direct sun light for at least 100 hours and the product temperature profiles were recorded, as described in Example 3.
  • a 24 cm 2 sample of a super absorbent polymer (140 g/m2, Technical Absorbent, UK) was wet with 200 cc of water and made into a panel by completely covering it with stretch wrap. Five such panels were adhered together to create a cover (sans bottom side) for a 250 x 250 x 250 mm 3 3-ply corrugated box, over which a Tyvek® 1048A cover was placed and sealed (T-SAP). Data logger was placed inside the box to record temperature. The boxes were exposed to direct sun light for about 50 hours. The above sample showed an air permeability value of greater than 50000 s per 100 cc of air as measured by Gurley method.
  • a 250 x 250 x 250 mm 3 3-ply corrugated box was covered with Tyvek® 1048A alone and used as reference.
  • the boxes were exposed to direct sun light for about 50 hours.
  • the above sample showed an air permeability value of 13.7 s per 100 cc of air as measured by Gurley method.
  • Fig.7 shows the temperature profiles.
  • the T-SAP cover shows a slightly lowered temperature but with a temperature lag of at least 4 hours in comparison to Tyvek® 1048 A alone.
  • the box was exposed to ambient conditions with an average temperature of 25 °C.
  • Data loggers were imbedded in the box to continuously record temperature and this data was analyzed after 100 hours of exposure.
  • the above sample showed an air permeability value of greater than 50000 s per 100 cc of air as measured by Gurley method.
  • a Styrofoam box with gel pack contents as described in example 13 was prepared without any protective cover.
  • the box was exposed to ambient conditions with an average temperature of 25 °C.
  • Data loggers were imbedded in the box to continuously record temperature and this data was analyzed after 100 hours of exposure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un couvercle de protection thermique pour le stockage et le transport de matières sensibles à la température, faisant appel à une barrière efficace pour différents modes de transfert de chaleur (conduction, convection, rayonnement) avec incorporation d'un mécanisme de refroidissement actif. L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication d'un couvercle de protection thermique par assemblage des couches barrière pour transfert de chaleur efficace.
PCT/US2013/071496 2012-11-22 2013-11-22 Couvercle de protection thermique et son procédé de fabrication WO2014082011A1 (fr)

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WO2021088398A1 (fr) * 2019-11-06 2021-05-14 宁波瑞凌新能源科技有限公司 Tissu et produit de réfrigération par rayonnement

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