WO2014064851A1

WO2014064851A1 - Abutment, fixture, connector, and set for dental implant

Info

Publication number: WO2014064851A1
Application number: PCT/JP2012/081268
Authority: WO
Inventors: 俊一飯島
Original assignee: 医療法人社団アイ・ティー
Priority date: 2012-10-22
Filing date: 2012-12-03
Publication date: 2014-05-01

Abstract

The present invention provides an abutment, a fixture, a connector, and a set for a dental implant that make it possible to easily perform the removal of an abutment without the need for a patient's mouth to be opened to a large degree and that make it difficult for accidental ingestion or aspiration of the abutment or the like to occur. The present invention uses an abutment that is provided with: a vertical hole that extends from the bottom surface of the abutment toward the interior thereof, that is for receiving the head section of a connector that is connected to the head section of a fixture or to the fixture, and that has formed therewithin an inner tapered section that increases in diameter toward the bottom surface side; and a lateral hole that extends from a side surface of the abutment toward the interior thereof and that is connected to the vertical hole.

Description

Abutment, fixture, connector and dental implant set

The present invention relates to an abutment, fixture, connector, and dental implant set for a dental implant.

As a conventional fixture and abutment, the convex part provided in the lower part of the abutment is taper-coupled to the concave part provided in the upper surface of the fixture, so that the maintenance such as cleaning of the fixture or replacement of the abutment is necessary. Some abutments can be removed from the fixture. For removing the abutment, a plier-shaped abutment removing instrument is used (see Non-Patent Document 1). This abutment removal device is used by pulling out while rotating while holding the abutment, and its tip is grooved or carbide processed, so even an abutment with a relatively smooth surface can be reliably Can be pinched. *

Further, in the case of a conventional fixed abutment with screws, it can be removed (removed) by inserting a screwdriver and a wrench into the oral cavity and loosening the screws fixing the abutment to the fixture.

However, since the space in the oral cavity is small, it is not easy to remove the abutment using the abutment removing device in the former case, and the shape of the device is different for the upper jaw and the lower jaw. Therefore, there is a problem that it takes time to master the removal work. Further, in order to remove the latter screw-fixed abutment, a screwdriver, a screw, and a wrench are used alone, and the work becomes complicated. In addition, during removal, the abutment is unpinned by the instrument due to the impact when the abutment is removed from the fixture (in the former case), or the screwdriver is disengaged from the fixing screw (the latter In such a case, there is a risk that an abutment may fall and accidentally swallowed or aspirated by the patient. Moreover, in both cases, particularly when the target is a molar part, a large opening of the patient is required, and if the patient has an opening disorder, the removal operation can be extremely difficult. *

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned matters. The purpose of the present invention is to make it possible to easily remove the abutment without a large opening of the patient, resulting in accidental ingestion and aspiration of the abutment. It is to provide a difficult abutment, fixture, connector and set for dental implant.

In order to achieve the above object, the abutment according to the present invention is provided with a vertical hole extending inwardly from the bottom surface to receive the head of the fixture or the head of the connector connected to the fixture. Inside, an inner taper portion whose diameter increases toward the bottom surface side is formed, and a lateral hole extending from the side surface toward the inside and connected to the vertical hole is provided (Claim 1). *

In order to achieve the above object, a fixture according to the present invention is a fixture having a head received in the vertical hole of the abutment according to claim 1, wherein the head includes the abutment. An outer taper portion that is taper-coupled to the inner taper portion of the ment is provided. *

In order to achieve the above object, a connector having a head received in the vertical hole of the abutment according to claim 1, wherein the head is taper-coupled to an inner tapered portion of the abutment. An outer taper portion is provided (claim 3). *

To achieve the above object, a dental implant set according to the present invention is for a dental implant including the abutment according to claim 1 and the fixture according to claim 2 or the connector according to claim 3. When the head of the fixture or the connector is inserted into the vertical hole from the bottom surface side of the abutment, the inner taper portion in the vertical hole and the outer taper portion of the head are tapered. The abutment is externally fitted on the fixture or the connector head, and the upper surface of the fixture or the connector head when the fitting is in the fitted state is the surface of the abutment. It is in a position spaced downward from the upper end of the horizontal hole. *

In the dental implant set, the upper surface of the fixture or the head of the connector that has entered the vertical hole may be positioned between the upper end and the lower end of the horizontal hole in the fitting state. Good (Claim 5). *

In order to achieve the above object, a dental implant set according to the present invention includes the fixture or connector according to

claim

4 or 5 and the abutment in which the abutment in the fitted state is the fixture. A dental implant set to which a remover for detaching from a char or the connector is added, wherein the remover has a substantially rod-shaped projecting portion that can be inserted into the lateral hole, and at least a distal end portion of the projecting portion has a substantially vertical cross section. It has an elliptical shape, and the protruding portion is inserted into the lateral hole of the abutment in the fitted state so that the distal end portion has a thickness in the vertical direction of the distal end portion above the upper surface of the head of the fixture or the connector. When the entry portion is rotated around the axis in a state where it is reached in the minimum orientation, the thickness in the vertical direction of the tip portion is maximized. The outer surface of the tip portion comes into contact with the upper surface of the fixture or the head of the connector, and the outer surface of the projecting portion comes into contact with the upper edge of the horizontal hole. (Claim 6).

The present invention provides an abutment, a fixture, a connector, and a set for a dental implant that can be easily removed without a large opening of a patient and are less susceptible to accidental ingestion and aspiration. It is done. *

That is, in the abutment, fixture, and connector of the invention according to each claim of the present application, the removal work of the abutment fitted to the fixture or the connector can be performed only by inserting, for example, a protrusion of the remover into the lateral hole of the abutment. It can be done and the work can be made very easy. *

In the dental implant set of the invention according to claim 5, the upper surface of the head of the fixture or connector that has entered into the vertical hole of the abutment and has been fitted is positioned between the upper end and the lower end of the horizontal hole. Since it is configured, when attaching the abutment to the fixture or connector, it is possible to check whether the abutment is attached or not by visually checking whether the fixture or connector head is seen through the side hole. It can also be determined to some extent. *

In the dental implant set according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the removal work of the abutment fitted to the fixture or the connector is performed by inserting the entry portion of the remover into the lateral hole of the abutment and rotating the remover (the entry portion). The operation is very easy and does not require the patient to have a large opening. In addition, almost no recoil or the like occurs when the abutment is removed from the fixture or the connector, so that it is difficult for the abutment or the remover to accidentally ingest or aspirate. Further, in the case of a conventional screw-fixed abutment, it is necessary to blindly fit the screwdriver and the screw with an approach from the occlusal surface. In particular, since the abutment fixed to the tilted fixture is fixed from the centrifugal direction, it is more difficult to fit the driver screw. However, in the present invention, by setting the horizontal hole on the lip side or cheek side of the abutment (that is, the position visible from the outside), the remover can be inserted into the horizontal hole very easily. *

In addition, in a conventional screw-fixed abutment, there exists a threaded portion (screw hole) facing the occlusal surface (the same direction as the fixture embedding direction). A very strong force is applied to the screw portion by occlusion and mastication, and in order to protect the screw portion from these external forces, a hard resin is used to seal the screw portion. For this reason, when removing the abutment from the fixture, it is necessary to destroy and remove the hard resin with a hammer or the like, which causes great pain to the patient. However, in the present dental implant set, the abutment is removed using the lateral hole of the abutment. The side hole is provided on the side of the abutment and does not receive strong force due to occlusion or chewing, so there is no need to use a hard resin as before, and the side hole is closed using a relatively soft resin. Can respond. As such a resin, for example, a photocurable resin can be used. If a photocurable resin that can be easily removed with a needle tip of a dental instrument or the like is selected even after curing, an abutment is selected. The patient's pain during removal can be surely reduced.

It is a front view (permeation | transmission figure) which shows schematically the structure of the set for dental implants concerning one embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view (transmission figure) which shows roughly the structure of the principal part of the said set for dental implants. (A) And (B) is a side view (transmission figure) which shows the usage method of a remover roughly. (A) And (B) is a front view (transmission figure) which shows the usage method of a remover roughly. It is explanatory drawing which shows schematically the structure of the principal part of the abutment and fixture of the said dental implant set. (A) And (B) is a side view (transmission figure) which shows roughly the usage method of the remover which concerns on the modification of this invention. (A) And (B) is a front view (transmission figure) which shows roughly the usage method of the remover which concerns on the modification of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows roughly the structure of the principal part of the set for dental implants which concerns on the modification of this invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. *

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the dental implant set according to the present embodiment includes a fixture 1 and an abutment 2, and the abutment 2 can be fitted on the head of the fixture 1. *

That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the abutment 2 is formed with a vertical hole 3 extending from the bottom surface toward the inside, and the head of the fixture 1 enters the vertical hole 3 from the bottom surface side of the abutment 2. Then, the inner tapered portion 5 in the vertical hole 3 of the abutment 2 is fitted to the outer tapered portion 4 on the outer surface of the head of the fixture 1. Here, the inner taper portion 5 is slightly enlarged toward the bottom surface side, and the outer taper portion 4 is configured to be taper-coupled to the inner taper portion 5 (Morse taper connection), and the fixture 1 and the abutment 2. Are both made of metal (for example, made of pure titanium or titanium alloy having excellent biocompatibility, tissue compatibility, and mechanical compatibility), and there is almost no gap between the outer tapered portion 4 and the inner tapered portion 5. As a result, both the

metal plates

4 and 5 are strongly bonded by metal-to-metal friction (the state in which it is extremely difficult or impossible to pull out the abutment 2 fitted to the fixture 1 from the fixture 1 with bare hands). ) *

Specifically, the taper angle (joint angle) between the outer taper portion 4 and the inner taper portion 5 can be set to, for example, 0 to 10 degrees, and in this example, 1.5 degrees. It is ensured. Further, the surface roughness of both the

taper portions

4 and 5 can be set to 1.6 μm or less (in this example, about 0.26 μm), for example, as the arithmetic average roughness Ra, thereby ensuring a strong maintenance force. To be won. *

At this time, the hexagonal column portion 6 on the outer surface of the head of the fixture 1 and the hexagonal groove portion 7 in the vertical hole 3 of the abutment 2 mesh with each other, and the rotation of the abutment 2 relative to the fixture 1 is restricted.

And the set for dental implants of this embodiment also includes a remover 8 for detaching the abutment 2 that is fitted to the head of the fixture 1 from the fixture 1 (see FIG. 1). ). *

That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the abutment 2 is formed with a horizontal hole 9 extending from the side surface toward the inside and connected to the vertical hole 3, and is brought into a fitted state as shown in FIG. 4 (A). The upper surface of the head of the fixture 1 is at a position spaced downward from the upper end of the lateral hole 9. *

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3A, the remover 8 has a protrusion 10 having a substantially rod shape and a substantially elliptical longitudinal section. Then, when the rush portion 10 is inserted into the horizontal hole 9 in a direction in which the thickness in the vertical direction is minimized (a state in which the major axis of the ellipse is laid sideways) (see FIG. 3A), the rush portion 10 Can be made to reach above the upper surface of the head of the fixture 1 in the fitted state (see FIGS. 1, 2, and 4A), and the thickness of the protrusion 10 is maximized. Even if it is inserted into the horizontal hole 9 in a direction (a state in which the major axis of the ellipse is raised vertically, or a state in which the protruding portion 10 in the direction shown in FIG. 3A is rotated 90 degrees around the axis), The entry part 10 collides with the side surface of the head of the fixture 1 in the fitted state, and the entry part 10 cannot be made to reach the upper surface of the head part of the fixture 1. *

In order to detach the fitted abutment 2 from the fixture 1 using such a remover 8, first, as shown in FIGS. 3 (A) and 4 (A), the entry portion 10 is moved in the vertical direction. Is inserted into the horizontal hole 9 in such a direction that the thickness of the fixture 1 becomes the minimum, and reaches above the upper surface of the head of the fixture 1. In this state, as shown in FIGS. 3B and 4B, when the remover 8 (the rush portion 10) is rotated around the axis of the rush portion 10, the thickness of the rush portion 10 in the vertical direction is increased. Until the maximum direction is reached, the outer surface (lower surface) of the tip portion of the entry portion 10 abuts the upper surface of the head of the fixture 1, and the outer surface (upper surface) of the entry portion 10 is the lateral hole 9. When the urging portion 10 is further rotated by being in contact with the upper edge portion, the abutment 2 is lifted by the urging portion 10, and the abutment 2 is eventually detached from the fixture 1. *

In the present embodiment, the removal work of the abutment 2 fitted to the fixture 1 can be performed simply by inserting the entry portion 10 of the remover 8 into the lateral hole 9 of the abutment 2 and rotating the remover 8 (the entry portion 10). The work is very easy and does not require the patient to have a large opening. Further, when the abutment 2 is removed from the fixture 1, almost no recoil or the like occurs, so that accidental ingestion and aspiration of the abutment 2 and the remover 8 are unlikely to occur. *

Further, in the present embodiment, the upper surface of the head of the fixture 1 that has entered into the vertical hole 3 of the abutment 2 and is in a fitted state is positioned between the upper end and the lower end of the horizontal hole 9. Therefore, when the abutment 2 is mounted on the fixture 1, it is determined to some extent whether or not the abutment 2 is mounted by visually checking whether the head of the fixture 1 is seen through the side hole 9. You can also. *

In addition, this invention is not limited to said embodiment at all, Of course, it can change and implement variously in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention. For example, it can be modified as follows. *

In the above embodiment, the abutment 2 is a straight type that linearly extends from the upper end to the lower end. However, the abutment is not limited to this. For example, an angle type abutment in which the upper portion is inclined with respect to the lower portion. 2 may be used. *

The horizontal hole 9 may penetrate the abutment 2 in the lateral direction. In this case, the horizontal hole 9 has one inlet on each side of the side surface of the abutment 2. Constructing the insertion part 10 so that it can be inserted improves convenience, and if the thread for preventing the fall of the abutment 2 is passed through the side hole 9, it is possible to ensure that the abutment 2 is not accidentally swallowed or aspirated. Can be prevented. *

In the above-described embodiment, the diameter of the rush portion 10 of the remover 8 is substantially elliptical from one end to the other end, and the diameter is uniform. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, as shown in FIGS. 10, only the tip portion 10 a that can be expected to come into contact with the fitted fixture 1 when inserted into the horizontal hole 9 is formed into a substantially elliptical longitudinal section, and a shaft portion that supports this tip portion 10 a The portion (excluding the portion) 10b has a circular shape whose longitudinal section is smaller in diameter than the tip portion 10a, and the inlet portion 9a of the lateral hole 9 of the abutment 2 is also an ellipse that is the same as or slightly larger than the tip portion 10a. And the back part 9b of the horizontal hole 9 is good also as a perfect circle shape larger diameter than the major axis of the longitudinal cross-section of the inlet part 9a. The removal work of the abutment 2 using the remover 8 in this case can be performed in the same manner as in the case shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, but the protrusion 10 inserted in the horizontal hole 9 is rotated, and FIGS. 6 (A) and 7 ( When the state shown in FIG. 6A is changed to the state shown in FIGS. 6B and 7B, the distal end portion 10a of the rush portion 10 is locked to the inlet portion 9a of the horizontal hole 9, so that the rush portion 10 remains in the horizontal hole as it is. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the abutment 2 from falling unintentionally more effectively. *

In the above embodiment, in order to restrict the rotation of the abutment 2 relative to the fixture 1, the hexagonal column portion 6 is provided on the outer surface of the head of the fixture 1, and the hexagonal groove portion 7 is provided in the vertical hole 3 of the abutment 2. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the vertical hole 3 of the abutment 2 is a square groove other than a hexagon (for example, a square groove), an oval groove, a key groove, a spline groove, etc. The head of the fixture 1 may be configured. Further, a configuration for restricting the rotation of the abutment 2 with respect to the fixture 1 may be provided in the upper prosthesis (crown, bridge, etc.) fixed to the abutment 2 without providing the abutment 2. *

The coupling method of the fixture 1 and the abutment 2 is not limited to the taper coupling, and for example, a coupling using a screw in addition to the taper coupling may be used. *

In the two-time implant, the fixture is inserted first and the abutment is joined in two phases. At the time of joining the abutment, the fixture is the cortical bone or gingiva 11 of the jawbone (see FIG. 8). Usually, only the top surface of the fixture is exposed (opened) by incision, and the burden on the patient is small. However, in the above-described embodiment in which the fixture 1 and the abutment 2 are directly coupled to each other, it is necessary to make the abutment 2 enter the outer periphery of the fixture 1, and it may be difficult to apply. . *

Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, the abutment 2 is coupled to the connector 12 connected to the fixture 1 ′, and the coupling structure of the connector 12 and the abutment 2 is the fixture in the above embodiment. The coupling structure between 1 and the abutment 2 may be the same. That is, the connector 12 has the outer tapered portion 4 and the hexagonal column portion 6 of the fixture 1 in the above embodiment at the head. Further, as the fixture 1 ′, for example, an existing one or one having a known configuration (especially one having a configuration corresponding to a two-time implant) is preferable, and the connector 12 is attached to the fixture 1 ′. On the other hand, it may be configured to be connectable as appropriate. *

Needless to say, the above modifications may be combined as appropriate.

The abutment, fixture, connector, and dental implant set according to the present invention can be used for dental implant treatment.

1 Fixture 1 'Fixture 2 Abutment 3 Vertical hole 4 Outer taper part 5 Inner taper part 6 Hexagonal column part 7 Hexagonal groove part 8 Remover 9 Horizontal hole 9a Inlet part 9b Back part 10 Intrusion part 10a Shaft 11 Bones and gums 12 Connector

Claims

In order to receive the head of the fixture or the head of the connector connected to the fixture, a vertical hole extending inward from the bottom surface is provided, and an inner taper portion that expands in diameter toward the bottom surface side is provided in the vertical hole. On the other hand, the abutment is characterized in that a lateral hole extending from the side surface toward the inside and connected to the vertical hole is provided.
The fixture having a head that is received in the vertical hole of the abutment according to claim 1, wherein the head is provided with an outer tapered portion that is taper-coupled to the inner tapered portion of the abutment. A fixture characterized by being.
It is a connector provided with the head received in the said vertical hole of the abutment of Claim 1, Comprising: The outer taper part which carries out a taper coupling | bonding to the inner taper part of the said abutment is provided in the said head. A connector characterized by that.
A dental implant set including the abutment according to claim 1 and the fixture according to claim 2 or the connector according to claim 3, wherein the fixture is inserted into the vertical hole from the bottom side of the abutment. When the char or the connector head is entered, the inner taper portion in the vertical hole and the outer taper portion of the head are tapered, and the abutment is externally fitted to the fixture or the connector head. A dental implant, wherein the upper surface of the fixture or the head of the connector when in the fitted state is in a position spaced downward from the upper end of the lateral hole of the abutment. Set.
The dental implant according to claim 4, wherein in the fitted state, the upper surface of the head of the fixture or the connector that has entered the vertical hole is located between the upper end and the lower end of the horizontal hole. Set.
A dental implant set comprising: the fixture or connector according to claim 4 or 5; and the abutment, and a remover for detaching the abutment in the fitting state from the fixture or the connector. The remover has a substantially rod-shaped protrusion that can be inserted into the horizontal hole, and at least a tip portion of the protrusion has a substantially elliptical cross section, and is inserted into the horizontal hole of the abutment in the fitted state. In a state where the protrusion is inserted and the tip portion reaches the upper surface of the head of the fixture or the connector in a direction in which the vertical thickness of the tip portion is minimized, the protrusion is rotated around the axis. The outer surface of the tip portion is fixed to the fixture until the thickness in the vertical direction of the tip portion reaches the maximum. Other contacts the upper surface of the head portion of the connector, and set dental implant, characterized in that the outer surface of the inrush portion is in contact state on the edge of the lateral hole.