JP2006271767A - Magnetic attachment for dental implant - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a magnetic attachment for the dental implant which firmly mounts an artificial tooth by attraction of a magnet for not only improved strength or loosening of a screw but also improved other operability and safety to the gingiva in a dental implant treatment. <P>SOLUTION: This magnetic attachment for the dental implant is constituted of a pure titanium or titanium alloy embedded body X having an integral gingiva penetration part 2 on the inside of the oral cavity of a fixture 1 to be embedded in the jawbone of an edentulous jaw, and a keeper Y made of a corrosion-resistant soft magnetic material and having a keeper-fixing male threaded part Ya threadedly engaged with a gingiva penetration part female threaded part 2a with a screw diameter of 3 mm or more which is threadedly formed in the inner surface of the gingiva penetration part 2 of the embedded body X. The embedded body X has forms of being formed by completely integrating the fixture 1 with an abutment, or the gingiva penetration part 2, and of being constituted of the fixture 1, the abutment, or the gingiva penetration part 2, and an abutment screw. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a magnetic attachment for a dental implant for firmly mounting a denture with an attractive force of a magnet in dental implant treatment, which is one field of dental prosthetic treatment.

  In recent years, implant treatment has become common as one of dental prosthetic treatments, and it has been used as a crown for single teeth, as a bridge or overdenture for multiple teeth, and has a long-term function as a replacement for lost teeth Yes. Under such circumstances, mechanical attachments such as bar attachments and ball attachments are used for the application of overdenture to implant treatment so far, and each has a track record as a maintenance device.

  On the other hand, in recent years, a magnetic attachment that applies a magnet attractive force acting between the magnet structure and the keeper by fixing the keeper to the abutment tooth formed on the remaining tooth and embedding the magnet structure on the denture ridge side of the denture Has come into full-scale clinical application. Its features include a side slip phenomenon that reduces the burden on the abutment tooth, the direction of the attachment / detachment force is not strict, and the design and manufacture of a denture is easy, and it wears and breaks like a mechanical maintenance device such as a clasp. There is no part and no damping of the holding force, it is not exposed like a clasp, it is excellent in aesthetics, it can be easily attached and detached by the patient, and there is no projection like a clasp, so it is easy to care for dentures It has been widely used for natural teeth because of its many advantages.

  As a result, the application of magnetic attachment to implant treatment has also been studied. In the case of implant treatment, when an excessive load is applied, there is a problem that bone around the implant absorbs and the implant treatment is likely to fail, and it is disadvantageous particularly when a lateral load is applied. However, the magnetic attachment is expected to be a maintenance device that hardly causes bone resorption due to the action of reducing the transmission of lateral load due to the skid phenomenon, and the direction of the attaching / detaching force, which is the above-mentioned feature, is not strict. Easy design and production of dentures, no wear / damage parts like mechanical maintenance devices, no attenuation of maintenance force, easy attachment and removal by patient, easy maintenance of dentures, etc. It also has the advantages of and is highly useful for implant treatment.

  In the magnetic attachment for dental implants, the keeper is fixed to the implant side and the magnet structure is fixed to the denture ridge side, but the basic fixing structure is abutment → abutment screw → Consists of four points of keeper → keeper fixing screw (for example, refer to Patent Documents 1 and 2), Consists of three points of abutment → ring member → threaded keeper (for example, refer to Patent Document 3) ), An abutment → a threaded keeper (see, for example, Patent Document 4), and an abutment integrated with a fixture and composed of only one threaded keeper (for example, , Patent Document 5).

  However, as a common structure of the above four types of magnetic attachments for dental implants, a magnetic material is used for all of the screw parts for fixing the keeper or the screw portions that are a part of the keeper, but this material is a relatively low strength material. It is. Since the screw portion of the keeper is screwed into a female screw that is screwed to the fixture or abutment screw, a thin screw having a diameter of 2 mm or 1.4 mm is often designed due to dimensional limitations. However, considering the material, it is difficult to give sufficient strength.

  Further, the screw portion receives loads from various directions by occlusion together with the tightening torque. Although the magnetic attachment has the effect that it is difficult to transmit the lateral load from the denture to the implant due to the skid property, the magnetic attachment placed at the free end, such as the molar part, receives the lateral load on the end face of the keeper due to the inclination of the denture. easy. In addition, in the case of implant treatment using a magnetic attachment, fixtures cannot be connected to each other, so it is not possible to take measures to distribute and reduce the load burden like a bridge, and each fixture receives a load alone. Therefore, there is a high possibility of receiving a large load, and it will be exposed to a severer condition than the bridge. Such a load also acts on the keeper and repeatedly receives various loads, which is a severe situation in terms of stress applied to the screw.

On the other hand, in conventional implant treatment, pure titanium is used as a screw to be screwed into a fixture such as an abutment screw, but the torque strength of an abutment screw with a diameter of 2 mm is approximately 50 N · cm, which is recommended. The fastening torque is 20 N · cm, but a broken screw part has been reported. However, the strength of the soft magnetic stainless steel and pure titanium used in keeper, soft magnetic stainless steel SUSXM27 pure titanium 2 kinds 343~510N / mm ² is 412n / mm ^2, comparable to the strength is there. Therefore, in the case of a structure in which the male screw provided integrally with the keeper is screwed to the female screw of the fixture as in Patent Document 5, there is a risk of breakage. For these reasons, when the magnetic attachment is applied to an implant, when the keeper is directly screwed to the fixture, it is important to consider the strength of the screw portion of the keeper.

  On the other hand, when a titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V), which is stronger than pure titanium, is used as the material of the abutment screw, the torque strength of the abutment screw with a diameter of 2 mm is about 100 N · cm, and the recommended fastening torque is The report of breakage has greatly decreased when it is 20 N · cm.

In the case of a structure in which the keeper is fixed with a keeper screw using a female screw having a diameter of 1.4 mm provided on the head of the abutment screw, the torque strength of the screw portion having a diameter of 1.4 mm is about 20 N. Since it is cm, the recommended tightening torque must be a small tightening torque of 10 N · cm, and it is in a severe state against loosening at the same time as the breakage.
As described above, the conventional keeper fixing structure is not necessarily sufficient in terms of the occurrence of looseness in terms of strength.

  And in the structure of the said patent documents other than the said patent document 5, although it is a structure where a fixture and an abutment and / or a ring and a keeper are each isolate | separated, the screw | thread or keeper integrated with the keeper which fixes a keeper When the screw is removed, the other parts are also removed at the same time, so that the operability may be deteriorated in a limited space in the oral cavity. In particular, since the keeper is a component that is easily damaged, exchangeability is important, and it is important that the keeper has a structure in which only the keeper is removed.

  However, if the abutment is also removed when the keeper is replaced as in Patent Document 4, the contact state between the abutment and the gingiva cannot be maintained, and the formed attached gingiva is likely to be destroyed. When inflammation occurs around the gums around the abutment, it is said that peri-implantitis is likely to occur, and the risk of bone resorption causing unsuccessful implant treatment is increased. It is said that it is better not to remove the abutment.

  As described above, the implant structure to which the conventional magnetic attachment is applied is not particularly sufficient in terms of screw strength and looseness, and sufficient consideration is always given to operability, safety to gingiva, and the like. It was hard to say.

JP 7-136190 A JP 2000-24004 A JP 2002-78720 A JP-A-6-296625 JP 2003-250816 A

  The present invention provides a dental dental magnetic attachment for firmly attaching a denture with a magnet attracting force in dental implant treatment, which is a field of conventional dental prosthetic treatment as described above. It is another object of the present invention to provide a magnetic attachment for a dental implant in which sufficient consideration is given to operability, safety to gingiva, and the like.

  As a result of diligent research to solve the above problems, the inventor is required to be a soft magnetic material as a keeper, and considering a use environment, a material having corrosion resistance is required. However, a screw having a diameter of 2 mm is required. If used, there is a risk of fracture, and considering the formation of gingiva adhering to the abutment, the material that contacts the gingiva is preferably pure titanium or a titanium alloy, and this abutment is an implant when the keeper is replaced. Since it is necessary to have a structure that does not deviate from a certain fixture, the gingival penetration part is integrally provided inside the oral cavity of the fixture to be embedded in the jawbone of the edentulous jaw. And a pure titanium or titanium alloy implant, and a screw diameter screwed on the inner surface of the gingival penetrating portion of the implant to be screwed into a gingival penetrating portion female screw having a diameter of 3 mm or more. A structure consisting of a keeper made of a corrosion-resistant soft magnetic material having a male fixing screw part may be used, and as such a structure, the implant is completely abutment that is a gingival penetration part inside the oral cavity of the fixture. A fixture having a female screw part on the central axis and a concave or convex anti-rotation mechanism at the end located inside the oral cavity, and one end of this fixture. An abutment that is a hollow cylindrical gingival penetrating portion having a convex or concave anti-rotation engagement mechanism that fits into the anti-rotation mechanism, and a fixture portion female screw portion of the fixture through the hollow portion of the abutment The abutment screw fixing male thread portion may be screwed together to form an abutment screw for fixing the abutment. To investigate the door is of the present invention has been completed.

  That is, the present invention relates to an implant made of pure titanium or titanium alloy in which a gingival penetrating portion is integrally provided inside the oral cavity of a fixture to be embedded in a jawbone of an edentulous jaw, And a keeper made of a corrosion-resistant soft magnetic material having a keeper fixing male screw portion screwed to a gingival penetrating female screw portion having a screw diameter of 3 mm or more screwed on the inner surface of the gingival penetrating portion. A magnetic attachment for a dental implant.

  And in such a magnetic attachment for dental implants, an implant made of pure titanium or a titanium alloy has a fixture part female screw part in the central axis and has a concave or convex rotation stop at the end located inside the oral cavity. A fixture having a mechanism, an abutment that is a hollow cylindrical gingival penetrating portion having a convex or concave anti-rotation engagement mechanism with one end fitting into the anti-rotation mechanism of the fixture, and the abutment An abutment screw for fixing the abutment by screwing an abutment screw fixing male screw portion to the fixture female screw portion of the fixture. A mode in which the inner surface of the mouth is a flat surface or a spherical surface, and engagement with a driver or a wrench on the inner surface of the mouth or the inner surface of the mouth And embodiments is provided, it is the aspect preferably also have investigated the small taper all or part the oral cavity inner side of the oral cavity inner side of the keeper is provided.

  In such a magnetic attachment for dental implants according to the present invention, the keeper, which is a soft magnetic material, is integrally provided with a gingival penetrating portion inside the oral cavity of the fixture embedded in the jawbone of the edentulous jaw. Since the screw diameter screwed on the inner surface of the gingival penetrating portion of the implant made of pure titanium or titanium alloy is screwed into the gingival penetrating portion female screw portion of 3 mm or more, the strength of the keeper is increased and the rupture resistance is increased. The foldability is improved and it is difficult to loosen the screw. In addition, the screw part that fixes the keeper to the implant is integrated with the keeper. In addition to the improvement, the gingival penetrating part is integrated with the implant when the keeper is replaced, so that there is no separation from the surrounding gingiva, and the attached gingiva is maintained and does not cause a decrease in the results of the implant treatment.

Furthermore, the magnetic attachment for a dental implant according to the present invention is a two-piece product comprising an implant in which a gingival penetrating part is integrally provided inside the oral cavity of a fixture and a keeper made of a corrosion-resistant soft magnetic material, or Since it is composed of four articles of the gingival penetration part, which is a fixture and an abutment, an abutment screw, and a keeper, various characteristics can be improved without increasing the number of parts, and a cost reduction effect can be expected at the same time.
Therefore, screw-related troubles are reduced, operability during assembly and keeper replacement is improved, damage to the gums is prevented, and safety is maintained.

Hereinafter, a magnetic attachment for a dental implant according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of a magnetic attachment for dental implants according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section of another embodiment of the magnetic attachment for dental implants according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of still another embodiment of the magnetic attachment for dental implants according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of still another embodiment of the magnetic attachment for dental implants according to the present invention. FIG.

  In the drawing, X is an implant body in which a gingival penetrating portion 2 is integrally provided inside the oral cavity of a fixture 1 to be embedded in a jawbone of an edentulous jaw, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. Even if the fixture 1 and the gingival penetrating portion 2 are completely integrated, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the fixture portion female screw portion 1 a is provided at the central axis and the end portion located on the inner side of the oral cavity as shown in FIGS. A hollow cylindrical gingiva having a fixture 1 having a concave or convex anti-rotation mechanism 1b, and a convex or concave anti-rotation engagement mechanism 2b fitted at one end to the anti-rotation mechanism 1b of the fixture 1 The abutment which is the penetrating portion 2 and the hollow portion of the abutment 2 are passed through the fixture portion female screw portion 1a of the fixture 1, and the abutment screw fixing male screw portion 3a is screwed to fix the abutment 2. Abutment for It may be constituted by-menu 3.

  The fixture 1 of the implant X is made of pure titanium or a titanium alloy that has biological inertness and strength and is well bonded to bone, and the outer periphery thereof has a cylindrical collar portion 1c from the inner end of the oral cavity. A notch portion 1d, a tapered first male screw portion 1e, and a second male screw portion 1f tapering from the first male screw portion 1e and tapering at the same pitch as the first male screw portion 1e are sequentially provided, Generally, a cutting edge portion 1g having a self-tapping function is provided from the lower end of the second male screw portion 1f toward the inside of the oral cavity. And when the implant X consists of the fixture 1 and the abutment which is the separate hollow cylindrical gingival penetration part 2 connected and fixed to the oral cavity inner end surface of this fixture 1, the gingival penetration part 2 In order to prevent mutual rotation with the abutment, for example, a rotation stop mechanism 1b comprising a rectangular cylindrical convex portion or concave portion as shown in the figure (in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the rectangular cylindrical convex portion). And a fixture part female thread part 1a to which an abutment screw 3 for connecting and fixing the abutment which is the gingival penetrating part 2 through the rotation stopping mechanism 1b in the axial direction is screwed.

  Thus, if the cylindrical collar portion 1c is first provided at the outer peripheral inner end of the outer periphery, this position becomes a stop position of the embedding depth, and the effect of preventing over-embedding is obtained. If the notch portion 1d is provided after the portion 1c, the surface of the notch portion 1d is fixed when the fixture 1 is inserted into the embedding hole formed in the jawbone of the missing tooth portion. Abutting on the jawbone portion, the role of increasing initial fixation is obtained. In order to achieve such an effect, it is preferable that the diameter of the notch 1d is larger than the valley diameter of the first male thread 1e.

  By screwing into the notch 1d following the notch 1d, the male screw formed in the portion of the fixture 1 that is embedded in the jawbone of the edentulous jaw is always screwed into the jawbone. Since there is an advantage that stable fixation can be obtained, it is preferable that a male screw portion is provided, but this male screw portion is tapered further than the first male screw portion 1e and the first male screw portion 1e, and The first male screw portion 1e and the second male screw portion 1f tapering at the same pitch are used. This is because if the male thread portion provided on the outer periphery of the fixture 1 is tapered, the embedding property at the initial stage of embedding becomes high, and the internal thread formed on the jawbone does not easily collapse. In such a fixture 1, the surface to be embedded in the embedding hole formed in the jawbone of the edentulous jaw is roughened by sandblasting or acid treatment to increase the bone contact area. Preferably it has been treated.

  The gingival penetrating portion 2 of the implant X is made of pure titanium or a titanium alloy that has a biological inertness and strength and is well bonded to bone, and has a screw diameter of 3 mm or more on its inner surface. 2a is screwed. The gingival penetrating portion 2 may be composed of an abutment separate from the fixture 1. In this case, one end of the gingival penetrating portion 2 is a convex or concave rotation that fits into the anti-rotation mechanism 1 b of the fixture 1. A holding part 2c is provided on the side of the fixture 1 and is held between the head of an abutment screw 3 (to be described later) and the inner surface of the oral cavity of the fixture 1 with a locking engagement mechanism 2b.

  Reference numeral 3 denotes an abutment screw for fixing the abutment 2 to the fixture 1 when the gingival penetrating portion 2 is composed of an abutment separate from the fixture 1, and the abutment of the abutment screw 3 The fixing screw portion 3a is screwed into the fixture portion female screw portion 1a, and the holding portion 2c of the abutment 2 is held between the head of the abutment screw 3 and the oral cavity inner surface of the fixture 1.

  Y is made of a corrosion-resistant soft magnetic material having a keeper fixing male screw portion Ya screwed to a gingival penetrating portion female screw portion 2a having a screw diameter of 3 mm or more screwed on the inner surface of the gingival penetrating portion 2 of the implant X. 1 and 4 may be a plane as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, but if the spherical surface is as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the magnetic structure contacts with the keeper Y. Even if the overdenture rotational movement around the magnetic attachment part for dental implant occurs due to the pressure displacement at the molar part or the front tooth part during mastication, the keeper Y A gap is not formed in a part of the contact surface with the magnet structure, and a chewing function with a stable occlusal position is obtained, which is preferable. Further, since this keeper Y has an integral structure having a keeper fixing male screw portion Ya, it is preferable that an engagement portion Yb with a screwdriver or a wrench is provided on the inner side surface of the oral cavity or the inner side surface of the oral cavity. It is preferable that a taper that decreases toward the inside of the oral cavity is provided on all or a part of the side surface because a margin increases in the intrusion angle when the denture is attached.

  Such a magnetic attachment for a dental implant according to the present invention has a keeper fixing male screw portion of a keeper Y that is screwed into a gingival penetration portion female screw portion 2a screwed on the inner surface of the gingival penetration portion 2 of the implant X. Since Ya has a screw diameter of 3 mm or more, the risk of breakage is eliminated despite the relatively low strength due to the keeper Y being a soft magnetic material, and the tightening torque is increased. Since it can be removed, the frequency of loosening is reduced and the danger can be avoided.

  And when the implant X consists of the fixture 1 and the abutment which is the separate gingival penetration part 2 with this fixture 1, the gingiva currently screwed by the inner surface of the abutment which is the gingival penetration part 2 Since the screw diameter of the keeper fixing male screw portion Ya of the keeper Y screwed into the penetration female screw portion 2a is 3 mm or more larger than the diameter of the abutment fixing male screw portion 3a of the abutment screw 3, the tightening torque of the keeper Y It is considered that the abutment screw 3 is loosened at the same time when the keeper Y is removed if the tightening torque exceeds the tightening torque of the abutment screw 3, but the implant X is the fixture 1 and the fixture 1 and a separate gingiva. In the case of an abutment that is a penetration part 2, the fixture 1 and the abutment that is a gingival penetration part 2 are Since the rotation prevention mechanism 2b of the attachment is engaged with the rotation prevention mechanism 1b of the fixture 1 and is fixed to the abutment screw 3 so as not to rotate with respect to the fixture 1, the keeper Y is removed. In this case, the phenomenon that the abutment screw 3 is loosened does not occur.

  Therefore, in the magnetic attachment for dental implants according to the present invention, only the keeper Y can be removed from the implant X when the keeper Y is removed, so that the fixed state can be maintained without being shaken or dropped off due to the removal of the keeper. The gingival penetration part (abutment) which forms the bonding state with the good gingiva from the safety of the treatment and forms a good gingival and forms an attached gingival that is in vivo protective action may be detached from the gingiva. There is no.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional explanatory drawing of one Example of the magnetic attachment for dental implants which concerns on this invention. It is a top view of FIG. It is longitudinal cross-sectional explanatory drawing of the other Example of the magnetic attachment for dental implants which concerns on this invention. It is longitudinal cross-sectional explanatory drawing of other Example of the magnetic attachment for dental implants which concerns on this invention. It is longitudinal cross-sectional explanatory drawing of other Example of the magnetic attachment for dental implants which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

X implant 1 fixture
1a Fixture part Female thread part
1b Anti-rotation mechanism
1c Cylindrical collar
1d Notch
1e First male thread
1f Second male thread
1g Cutting edge 2 Gingival penetration (Abutment)
2a Gingival penetration part Female thread part
2b Non-rotating engagement mechanism
2c Holding part 3 Abutment screw
3a Abutment screw fixing male thread Y Keeper
Ya keeper fixing screw
Yb engagement part

Claims (5)

  An implant (X) made of pure titanium or titanium alloy in which a gingival penetrating portion (2) is integrally provided inside the oral cavity of a fixture (1) to be embedded in the jawbone of an edentulous jaw; A keeper fixing male screw portion (Ya) screwed into a gingival penetrating portion female screw portion (2a) having a screw diameter of 3 mm or more screwed on the inner surface of the gingival penetrating portion (2) of the implant (X). A magnetic attachment for dental implants, comprising a keeper (Y) made of a corrosion-resistant soft magnetic material.   The implant (X) has a fixture (1) having a fixture part female thread (1a) on the central axis and a concave or convex anti-rotation mechanism (1b) at the end located inside the oral cavity. An abutment which is a hollow cylindrical gingival penetration part (2) having a convex or concave anti-rotation engagement mechanism (2b) whose one end is fitted to the anti-rotation mechanism (1b) of the fixture (1) The abutment screw fixing male screw portion (3a) is screwed into the fixture female screw portion (1a) of the fixture (1) through the hollow portion of the abutment (2), and the abutment (2 The magnetic attachment for dental implants according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic attachment is composed of an abutment screw (3) for fixing the dental implant.   The magnetic attachment for a dental implant according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inner surface of the oral cavity of the keeper (Y) is a flat surface or a spherical surface.   The magnetic attachment for dental implants according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an engagement portion (Yb) with a screwdriver or a wrench is provided on a side surface of the oral cavity or an inner side surface of the oral cavity of the keeper (Y). The magnetic attachment for a dental implant according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a taper that decreases toward the inside of the oral cavity is provided on all or part of the side surface of the inside of the oral cavity of the keeper (Y).

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