JP2004016557A - Denture attachment - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a denture attachment with which a false tooth is properly rocked and rotated when a user bites, and also stress in biting is sufficiently mitigated. <P>SOLUTION: This denture attachment includes: a fixing support base 2 to be arranged at the side of a jawbone; a keeper 3 which is supported by the fixing support base 2, and consists of a magnetic material having a recessed spherical shape surface to be adhered 30; a magnetic structure body 4 which is stuck to the keeper 3 by a magnetic suctioning force, and comprises a projected spherical shape absorption surface 40 to be adhered onto the keeper 3; and a flexible cap 5 for covering the opposite side surface 45 to the absorption surface 40 of the magnetic structure body 4 and a side peripheral surface 46. A denture base with the false tooth embedded therein is arranged in the magnet structure body 4 via the cap 5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to a denture attachment for detachably fixing a denture to a keeper of a fixing abutment by magnetic attraction.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In dental treatment, from the viewpoint of easy attachment and detachment of dentures, a denture attachment utilizing a magnetic attraction force is disclosed in, for example, JP-A-7-136190, US Pat. No. 4,508,507, and the like. Have been proposed.
As shown in FIG. 3, the attachment disclosed in JP-A-7-136190 includes a magnet structure 61 implanted in a denture base 82 and a keeper 62 fixed to the artificial root 19 embedded in the jawbone 11. Consists of Then, the attracting surface 611 of the magnet structure 61 and the attracted surface 621 of the keeper 62 are fixed by magnetic attraction.
[0003]
[Problem to be solved]
However, in this denture attachment, since the attraction surface 611 of the magnet structure 61 and the attraction surface 621 of the keeper 62 are flat, the denture cannot swing and rotate due to the engagement.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the attachment disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-145842 includes a convex curved surface on the attraction surface 713 of the magnet structure 71 and a keeper 72 of the keeper 72 in order to cope with the swing. A concave curved surface is formed on the attracted surface 723.
[0004]
However, the combination of the curved suction surface 713 and the suction surface 723 alone cannot absorb various stresses applied to the denture at the time of meshing, and the wear on the suction surface 713 or the suction surface 723 is uneven. And so on.
[0005]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a denture attachment having a structure in which a denture can swing and rotate appropriately at the time of meshing and can sufficiently reduce stress at the time of meshing. It is.
[0006]
[Means for solving the problem]
The present invention provides a fixing abutment disposed on the jawbone side, a keeper made of a magnetic material supported by the fixing abutment and having a concave spherical surface to be attracted, and a convex keeper attracted to the keeper by magnetic attraction. A denture base having a magnet structure having a spherical attraction surface, a flexible cap covering a surface opposite to the attraction surface of the magnet structure and a side peripheral surface, and having a denture embedded therein is provided. A denture attachment characterized by being arranged on the magnet structure via the cap.
[0007]
As described above, the denture attachment of the present invention has a structure in which the convex spherical suction surface of the magnet structure is brought into contact with the concave spherical suction surface of the keeper. Further, in the present invention, the flexible cap is provided between the magnet structure and the denture base. Therefore, the denture attachment has a structure having two buffer functions, a first buffer function due to the presence of the cap and a second buffer function between the keeper and the magnet structure.
[0008]
That is, when the denture attachment is fitted and engaged, various stresses are applied to the denture. At this time, as a first step, a so-called cushion effect is exhibited by the flexibility of the cap, and the stress is absorbed. Then, as a second step, the stress exceeding the cushion effect of the cap can be changed to sliding on a spherical contact surface between the keeper and the magnet structure.
In other words, when a stress is applied to the denture, the first cushioning function of the cap and the second cushioning function of the spherical shape between the suction surface and the suctioned surface are combined, so that the engagement during the engagement is reduced. In addition to sufficiently absorbing the stress, the rotation and swinging of the denture can be naturally tolerated naturally.
[0009]
Further, in the present invention, the following operational effects can be considered by making the suction surface of the keeper concave.
First, the distance from the tip of the fixing abutment to the center of the suction surface of the keeper can be set shorter when the suction surface is concave than when it is convex. That is, when the suction surface of the keeper is concave, the contact position between the keeper and the magnet structure is closer to the tip of the fixing abutment. Therefore, the torque applied to the fixing abutment by the force applied to the contact position between the keeper and the magnet structure is smaller when the suction surface of the keeper is concave. Therefore, it is considered that the structure of the denture attachment can be made more stable.
[0010]
Further, the center of rotation when the denture rotates or swings comes to the magnet structure side when the attracting surface of the keeper is concave, and comes to the fixing abutment side when it is convex. This difference is considered to be a factor in stably obtaining rotation or swing of the denture.
By these effects, uneven wear between the suction surface and the suction surface can be suppressed.
[0011]
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a denture attachment having a structure capable of appropriately rocking and rotating the denture at the time of meshing and sufficiently reducing stress at the time of meshing.
[0012]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The radius of curvature of the concave or convex spherical shape on the attracted surface of the keeper and the attracted surface of the magnet structure of the present invention is preferably 3 to 15 mm. If it is less than 3 mm, there is a problem in that the suction surface is close to the fitted state and the suction surface does not move. On the other hand, if it is more than 15 mm, there is a problem that the suction surface becomes flat and the effect of rotation is reduced. .
[0013]
Further, the attracting surface of the magnet structure has an area smaller than the attracted surface of the keeper, and when the two are in contact with each other, all of the attracting surfaces are located within the attracted surface. It is preferable to be configured as follows (claim 2). In this case, even when the attracting surface and the attracted surface are displaced by sliding, since the entire attracting surface of the magnet structure is in contact with the keeper, the magnetic circuit formed by the magnet structure is formed. Is sufficiently maintained, and a decrease in the magnetic attraction force can be prevented.
[0014]
Further, the cap has a projection toward a surface of the magnet structure opposite to the attraction surface, and the projection is brought into contact with the magnet structure so that the magnet structure and the cap are connected to each other. It is preferable that a predetermined interval is provided between them (claim 3). In this case, the cushioning properties of the cap can be further improved.
[0015]
As a material for the cap, for example, a polyacetal hard resin, a hard polyoxymethylene resin, polyethylene, or other various flexible materials can be used.
[0016]
Further, the fixing abutment may be a root plate embedded and fixed in the tooth root.
In this case, in the oral cavity, a natural tooth root naturally implanted in the jaw bone is used and the root plate is buried therein, so that the fixing abutment can firmly hold the keeper. Therefore, a denture attachment with excellent durability can be provided. The fixing abutment is a member for fixing the keeper to the root of the tooth. Preferably, the fixing abutment is made of a non-magnetic material. For example, it is desirable to use a dental casting alloy such as a gold-silver palladium alloy, a gold alloy, a platinum alloy, and Ti.
[0017]
Further, the fixing abutment can be a composite resin that is embedded and fixed in the tooth root.
In this case, a fixation abutment is embedded and fixed in the natural tooth root in the same manner as above, but the root plate is not formed of metal, so that a clinical operation can be simplified and the patient's burden can be reduced. can do. A resin such as an acrylic resin is used as the composite resin.
[0018]
Further, the fixing abutment may be an artificial tooth root fixed to the jaw bone.
In this case, when the natural root is damaged, the artificial root is inserted and fixed in the jawbone. This makes it possible to strongly implant the artificial tooth root as the anchor for the jawbone. The above-mentioned artificial dental root is commonly called an implant.
[0019]
Further, it is preferable that the attraction surface of the magnet structure is subjected to a surface treatment for enhancing abrasion resistance.
In this case, by treating the surface of the attracting surface with the keeper, wear of the attracting surface of the magnet structure due to repeated attachment and detachment and occlusion can be further reduced, resulting in a denture attachment having a longer life.
As the surface treatment, various treatments usually performed for improving wear resistance can be performed. For example, surface treatment such as coating of TiN, diamond, N, Cr, ceramics, nitriding treatment, chromium treatment, etc. Is mentioned.
[0020]
The keeper is a member that is fixed to the upper part (the magnet structure side) of the fixing abutment, forms a magnetic circuit with the magnet structure, and fixes the denture to the fixing abutment. As a material for forming the keeper, various dental corrosion-resistant magnetic materials conventionally used as a keeper for a denture attachment utilizing magnetic attraction can be used. In particular, it is desirable to use a magnetic material having a saturation magnetic flux density of 1.3 T or more and a magnetic permeability of 3000 or more. Examples of the magnetic material having such characteristics include iron-chromium-molybdenum alloy and 19Cr-2Mo-0.2Ti steel. , 17Cr-2Mo-0.2Ti steel and the like.
[0021]
The shape of the keeper other than the surface to be attracted of the keeper is not particularly limited, and may be a polygon such as an octagon or a dodecagon, or a shape such as a circle. In particular, in the above-mentioned shape, it is desirable to form an octagonal or dodecagonal shape or a polygonal hole in the center, because the keeper can be easily removed using a tool.
[0022]
Next, the magnet structure is a member that forms a magnetic circuit with the keeper and fixes the denture to the fixing abutment.
The magnet body is not particularly limited, and various magnetic bodies conventionally used as a magnet body for a denture attachment utilizing magnetic attraction can be used. In particular, it is desirable to use a magnetic material having a high energy product, and specifically, it is practically desirable to use a magnetic material having an energy product of 2388 kJ / m ³ or more. Examples of such a magnetic material include Nd-Fe-B-based and Sm-Co-based rare earth magnets.
[0023]
【Example】
Next, a denture attachment according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, a denture attachment 1 of this embodiment is a keeper made of a magnetic material having a fixing abutment 2 disposed on the jawbone side and a concave spherical adsorbed surface 31 supported by the fixing abutment 2. 3, a magnet structure 4 having a convex spherical attracting surface 40 attracted to the keeper 3 by magnetic attraction, a surface 45 of the magnet structure 4 opposite to the attracting surface 40, and a side peripheral surface 46. Has a flexible cap 5 covering the same. Further, when actually used, as shown in FIG. 2, a denture base 82 is disposed on the magnet structure 4 via the cap 5, and a denture 81 is embedded in the denture base 82.
[0024]
The details are described below.
The fixing abutment 2 of the denture attachment 1 of this embodiment is of a so-called implant type as shown in FIG. The fixing abutment 2 is composed of a keeper support 21 and a ring 22 made of a non-magnetic material, as shown in FIG.
[0025]
The keeper support portion 21 is provided with a main body portion 20, a fitting convex portion 215 provided on a surface of the main body portion 20 facing the denture 81, and a keeper support portion 215 which is formed by drilling the fitting convex portion 215. And a screw hole 212 into which the third male screw portion 32 is screwed.
The ring 22 has a contact surface 221 for contacting the keeper 3 and a contact surface 222 for contact with the keeper support portion 21 and has a storage hole 225 for receiving the fitting projection 215. Have.
The keeper support 21 was made of Ti (titanium), and the ring 22 was made of SUS316L.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 1, the keeper 3 has a concave spherical surface to be sucked 30 and a male screw portion 32 extending from the opposite side. The radius of curvature of the concave spherical shape of this example was set to 8 mm. A hexagonal hole 36 for inserting a tool is formed at the center of the suction surface 30. The keeper 3 was made of 19Cr-2Mo-0.2Ti.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 1, the magnet structure 4 includes a first yoke 42 having a magnet body 41 whose opposite sides in the tooth height direction are N poles and S poles, and a concave portion 49 for accommodating the magnet body 41. A second yoke 43 disposed in the opening 421 of the first yoke 42 to seal the magnet body 41 and face the keeper 3; and a second yoke 43 at a boundary between the first yoke 42 and the second yoke 43. And a non-magnetic portion 44.
[0028]
The magnet structure 4 is formed by the first yoke 42, the second yoke 43, and the non-magnetic portion 44, and the attracting surface 40 facing the keeper 3 is formed by the attracting surface 30 of the keeper 3. And a convex spherical shape which is symmetrical with the shape. The radius of curvature of the convex spherical shape of this example was set to 8 mm.
[0029]
In this example, the attraction surface 40 of the magnet structure 4 has an area smaller than the attraction surface 30 of the keeper 3, and when the two are in contact with each other, all the attraction surfaces 40 are positioned within the attraction surface 30. It was configured to be.
The upper surface 425 of the first yoke 42 has a concave shape at the center, and is configured to engage with a projection 55 of the cap 5 described later.
[0030]
The attraction surface 40 of the magnet structure 4 is subjected to a surface treatment with a TiN film 46 in order to enhance abrasion resistance.
Further, an Nd-based rare earth magnet was used for the magnet structure 4. For the first yoke 42 and the second yoke 43, 19Cr-2Mo-0.2Ti magnetic stainless steel was used.
[0031]
As shown in FIG. 1, the cap 5 includes a cap-shaped main body 51 and a ball-shaped projection 55 having an elliptical cross section. The main body 51 is in contact with the side peripheral surface 46 of the magnet structure 4, and a fitting relationship is obtained on an occasional basis due to the tapered shape of both. Further, the protrusion 55 is in contact with the upper surface 425 of the first yoke 42 of the magnet structure 4, and a gap 59 is formed at a predetermined interval around the protrusion 55.
The denture base 82 and the denture 81 are disposed on the magnet structure 4 to which the cap 5 is attached, as described above.
[0032]
In using the denture attachment 1 having such a structure, first, as shown in FIG. 2, the keeper support 21 of the fixing abutment 2 is embedded in the jaw bone 11.
Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the ring 22 and the keeper 3 are mounted on the keeper support 21.
[0033]
At this time, by inserting a tool into the hexagonal hole 36 of the keeper 3 and rotating, the male screw portion 32 of the keeper 3 is screwed into the screw hole 212 of the keeper support portion 21. Thus, the keeper support 21, the ring 22, and the keeper 3 are integrated.
Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the attachment of the denture 81 using the denture attachment 1 is completed by bringing the suction surface 40 of the keeper 3 of the magnet structure 4 provided with the denture 81 into contact with the suction surface 30. .
[0034]
In this state, the denture attachment 1 has two buffer functions.
That is, the first cushioning function is based on the presence of the flexible cap 5, and the second cushioning function is that the magnet structure 4 is attached to the concave spherical surface to be attracted 30 of the keeper 3. This is created by a structure in which the suction surface 40 having a convex spherical shape is brought into contact.
[0035]
The following functions and effects can be obtained by these two buffer functions.
That is, when the denture attachment 1 is attached and meshed, various stresses are applied to the denture 81. At this time, as a first step, a so-called cushion effect is exhibited by the flexibility of the cap 5, and the stress is absorbed. Then, as a second step, the stress exceeding the cushion effect of the cap 5 can be changed to sliding on the spherical contact surface between the keeper 3 and the magnet structure 4. In other words, when stress is applied to the denture 81, the first buffer function by the cap 5 and the second buffer function by the spherical sliding between the suction surface 40 and the suction surface 30 are performed. Together with this, it is possible to sufficiently absorb the stress at the time of meshing and to allow the rotation and swing of the denture 81 in a natural state without any difficulty.
[0036]
Further, in the present example, the attracted surface 30 of the keeper 3 has a concave shape. For this reason, the torque acting on the fixing abutment 2 can be reduced as compared with the case where this is made convex. Therefore, the entire structure of the denture attachment 1 of this embodiment can be made more stable by positively forming the suction surface 30 of the keeper 3 into a concave spherical shape. Further, since the surface 30 to be sucked has a concave spherical shape, the center of rotation of the swing or rotation of the denture 81 exists at a position close to the denture 81. Thus, the rotation or swing of the denture 81 can be more stably obtained as compared with the case where the shape of the suction surface 30 is reversed. Thus, uneven wear of the suction surface 30 and the suction surface 40 can be suppressed.
[0037]
Further, as described above, the attracting surface 40 of the magnet structure 4 has an area smaller than the attracted surface 30 of the keeper 3, and the attracting surface 40 is located within the attracted surface 30 in a contact state between them. Everything was configured to be located. As a result, even when the attracting surface 40 and the attracted surface 30 are displaced by sliding, since the entire surface of the attracting surface 40 of the magnet structure 4 is in contact with the keeper 3, the magnet structure 4 is formed. The magnetic circuit is sufficiently maintained, and a decrease in magnetic attraction can be prevented.
[0038]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the denture attachment 1 having a structure in which the denture can swing and rotate appropriately at the time of the engagement and the stress at the time of the engagement can be sufficiently reduced is obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a development explanatory view of a denture attachment in an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a state in which a denture attachment is mounted in the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of a conventional denture attachment.
FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of another conventional denture attachment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1. . . Denture attachment,
11. . . jawbone,
2. . . Anchoring abutment,
21. . . Keeper support,
22. . . ring,
3. . . Keeper,
30. . . Adsorbed surface,
4. . . Magnet structure,
40. . . Suction surface,
41. . . Magnet body,
42. . . The first yoke,
43. . . The second yoke,
44. . . Magnetized part,
81. . . Denture,

Claims (3)

A fixation abutment placed on the jawbone side,
A keeper made of a magnetic material having a concave spherical surface to be attracted and supported by the fixing abutment;
A magnet structure having a convex spherical attracting surface attracted to the keeper by magnetic attraction;
A flexible cap for covering a surface of the magnet structure opposite to the attraction surface and a side peripheral surface;
A denture attachment, wherein a denture bed having a denture embedded therein is arranged on the magnet structure via the cap. 2. The attraction surface of the magnet structure according to claim 1, wherein the attraction surface of the magnet structure has a smaller area than the attraction surface of the keeper. A denture attachment characterized in that it is configured to be positioned. 3. The magnet structure according to claim 1, wherein the cap has a protrusion toward a surface of the magnet structure opposite to the attraction surface, and the protrusion is brought into contact with the magnet structure. A denture attachment, wherein a predetermined distance is provided between the cap and the cap.

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