WO2014059915A1 - 甲醇汽油核心母液及甲醇汽油 - Google Patents

甲醇汽油核心母液及甲醇汽油 Download PDF

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WO2014059915A1
WO2014059915A1 PCT/CN2013/085237 CN2013085237W WO2014059915A1 WO 2014059915 A1 WO2014059915 A1 WO 2014059915A1 CN 2013085237 W CN2013085237 W CN 2013085237W WO 2014059915 A1 WO2014059915 A1 WO 2014059915A1
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liquid
gasoline
methanol
methanol gasoline
mass
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French (fr)
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陈茂高
李裕生
严锦明
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中懋华能源投资有限公司
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    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • C10L1/023Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for spark ignition
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    • C10L1/00Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
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    • C10L1/00Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1266Inorganic compounds nitrogen containing compounds, (e.g. NH3)
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    • C10L1/14Organic compounds
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    • C10L1/182Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
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    • C10L1/18Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/185Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
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    • C10L1/185Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
    • C10L1/1857Aldehydes; Ketones
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    • C10L1/10Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/188Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
    • C10L1/1881Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom
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    • C10L1/14Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/23Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one nitrogen-to-oxygen bond, e.g. nitro-compounds, nitrates, nitrites
    • C10L1/231Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one nitrogen-to-oxygen bond, e.g. nitro-compounds, nitrates, nitrites nitro compounds; nitrates; nitrites
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    • C10L1/00Liquid carbonaceous fuels
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    • C10L1/14Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/232Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing nitrogen in a heterocyclic ring
    • C10L1/233Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing nitrogen in a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen and oxygen in the ring, e.g. oxazoles
    • C10L1/2335Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing nitrogen in a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen and oxygen in the ring, e.g. oxazoles morpholino, and derivatives thereof
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    • C10L2200/00Components of fuel compositions
    • C10L2200/04Organic compounds
    • C10L2200/0407Specifically defined hydrocarbon fractions as obtained from, e.g. a distillation column
    • C10L2200/0415Light distillates, e.g. LPG, naphtha
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    • C10L2200/00Components of fuel compositions
    • C10L2200/04Organic compounds
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    • C10L2200/0423Gasoline
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    • C10L2230/00Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
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    • C10L2290/00Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/24Mixing, stirring of fuel components

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a methanol gasoline core mother liquor and methanol gasoline prepared by using the mother liquor. Background technique
  • methanol gasoline is a high-energy devaluation fuel.
  • methanol is a liquid, and its storage, transportation, and use are as convenient as gasoline and diesel.
  • the addition of methanol can significantly reduce the emission of harmful substances and is a clean vehicle fuel.
  • Methanol gasoline burns less than harmful substances in the exhaust of the No. 90 gasoline, and has less impact on environmental pollution.
  • the US "DOC" Research Center used 10%-10% gasoline containing methanol to test the results of 10 kinds of cars.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency low-carbon methanol fuel core mother liquor which is mixed with methanol and can be used in place of gasoline to enable the vehicle to travel normally without changing the structure.
  • a methanol gasoline core mother liquor consisting of the following liquid compositions expressed by mass percentage content: Liquid A:
  • each liquid is prepared according to the composition of each of the above liquid compositions A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and then stirred at normal temperature and pressure for 20-40 minutes, respectively, and the liquid composition is equal to ⁇ 5%. Mix together, or mix and concentrate for 20-40 minutes in a ratio of ⁇ 5% of each liquid composition, that is, a methanol gasoline core mother liquor.
  • the mass percentage of each liquid composition is as follows:
  • the present invention also provides a methanol gasoline which is prepared by the following method: - -
  • the methanol is a refined alcohol having a content of 99.5 to 99.9% or more.
  • the denatured alcohol is mixed with 55% of the national standard gasoline or component oil or naphtha in a proportion of 45%; preferably, the denatured alcohol is in a proportion of 50% with the national standard gasoline or component oil or stone.
  • the brain oil is 50% mixed; preferably, the denatured alcohol is mixed with the national standard gasoline or component oil or naphtha at a ratio of 55%; preferably, the denatured alcohol is 65% and the national standard gasoline. Or component oil or naphtha 35% mixed; preferably, the national standard gasoline is 90#-93# national standard gasoline.
  • the core mother liquor of the present invention and the methanol gasoline prepared using the core mother liquor have the following characteristics:
  • Methanol is different from gasoline.
  • the flash point of gasoline is very low (negative 46 degrees). Its burning speed is very fast. Methanol is higher than gasoline flash point (12 degrees). Its burning speed is slower than that of gasoline. It is not suitable for the combustion characteristics of gasoline engines. Burning or blending methanol has certain difficulties. Since most of the cars are currently set with the combustion characteristics of conventional gasoline, the methanol gasoline prepared by using the high-efficiency low-carbon methanol gasoline core mother liquid of the present invention is normally used for automobiles, and is solved. The problem of methanol effectively replacing gasoline.
  • the high-efficiency low-carbon methanol gasoline prepared by the core mother liquid of the invention has a Xinxin value of more than 100, has good antiknocking property, sufficient combustion, complete exhaustion, and at the same time improves the heat value of the fuel during combustion.
  • the high-efficiency low-carbon methanol gasoline blended with the core mother liquor of the present invention has a lower noise than vehicles using national standard gasoline, and the emissions are much lower than those of the national standard gasoline vehicles.
  • the core mother liquor of the present invention is characterized by its high efficiency, low carbon methanol gasoline with good adaptability, smoothness, power, economy, environmental protection and safety.
  • the utility model has the advantages of long storage period, simple production process, normal temperature and pressure, and convenient operation.
  • the high-efficiency low-carbon methanol gasoline which is prepared by reacting the core mother liquor with methanol, can be adapted to any automobile use and is currently in a leading position at home and abroad. detailed description
  • each liquid composition of the mother liquor of the methanol core agent is prepared, and the mass percentage content of each liquid is as follows:
  • Various additives in the invention - metal passivators, rust inhibitors, detergents, anti-oxidation and anti-adhesive agents are commercially available, such as Wuxi Southern Petroleum Additive Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Hongqingtai Petroleum Additive Co., Ltd. Jinzhou Xinxing Petroleum Additives Co., Ltd. produces these products. In this embodiment, the product of Shenzhen Hongqingtai Petroleum Additive Co., Ltd. is selected.
  • each liquid is prepared, and then stirred at normal temperature and pressure for 30 minutes, and then the liquids are mixed in equal proportions to obtain a methanol gasoline core mother liquor.
  • the methanol is a refined alcohol having a content of 99.5 to 99.9% or more.
  • the indicators of M45, M55 and M65 methanol gasoline were tested by Shenzhen Institute of Metrology and Quality Inspection. The results are as follows:
  • Induction period, min is not less than 480 ⁇ 480.
  • the mouth and mouth steam pressure, kPa is not more than 72 65.0, the mouth water-soluble acid or alkali, no, no mouth, thiol
  • the actual gum, mg/100mL is not more than 5 4.0.
  • the unwashed gum is not more than 500.
  • the mg/100mL is not more than 70 5.0.
  • the sulfur content is %, the mass fraction is not more than 0.03 0.0007, the lead content is not more than 0.003.
  • ⁇ 0.002 iron content, g/L is not more than 0.01 ⁇ 0.002 manganese content, g/L is not more than 0.018 ⁇ 0.002, mouth water, % (mass fraction) is not more than 0.15 0.11, clear and transparent at room temperature, no room temperature The following is bright and transparent, the appearance is layered, free of suspended matter and non-layering, and does not contain suspended deposits and precipitates.
  • V is not higher than 205 184.5
  • Residual amount, % (volume fraction) is not more than 2 0.8
  • Induction period min is not less than 480 ⁇ 480, the mouth and mouth steam pressure, kPa is not more than 72 63.5, the water-soluble acid or alkali is not paid, the actual gum, mg/100mL is not more than 5 4.5, the mouth is not washed, Mg/100mL not more than 70 5.0 sulphur content, % (mass fraction) not more than 0.03 0.0006 lead content, g/L not more than 0.003 ⁇ 0.002 iron content, g/L not more than 0.01 ⁇ 0.002 Content, g/L is not more than 0.018 ⁇ 0.002, mouth water, % (mass fraction) is not more than 0.15 0.11.
  • the mouth is clear and transparent at room temperature, clear and transparent at room temperature.
  • Residual amount, % (volume fraction) is not more than 2 0.7
  • min is not less than 480 ⁇ 480, and the steam pressure is full, and kPa is not more than 72 61.0.
  • the water-soluble acid or alkali is not added to the actual gum.
  • the mg/100mL is not more than 5 3.0.
  • Mg/100mL no more than 70 3.5 - -
  • Test content 93# standard gasoline M50 low carbon gasoline
  • the unconventional pollutants of M50 methanol gasoline are lower than the unconventional pollutants of 93# standard gasoline except formaldehyde.
  • the conventional sewage displacement of the methanol gasoline of the present invention is lower than that of the standard gasoline.
  • Fuel consumption - - Fuel consumption is slightly higher than 93# standard gasoline.
  • the methanol gasoline of the above embodiment is used in place of gasoline, and is replenished in a car. After thousands of people test drive experience, it is reflected that driving feeling is no different from using gasoline.
  • the present invention provides a high-efficiency low-carbon methanol gasoline core mother liquor, which is mixed with methanol and gasoline, reacts under normal temperature and pressure, and adjusts and changes the properties of methanol gasoline to make its combustion speed and gas in the engine.
  • the latent heat, anti-explosion, acceleration and resistance to water, anti-freeze, anti-corrosion, anti-swell, anti-gas resistance and cold, hot car start, etc. all meet or exceed the national standard gasoline, and solve the traditional high proportion of methanol blending Corrosion, swelling, power loss, increased fuel consumption, moisture stratification deterioration, low temperature start-up, high temperature gas resistance and other technical problems, achieving energy saving, reducing emissions, increasing calorific value, improving fuel economy, etc. Meet or exceed traditional gasoline.

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Abstract

一种甲醇汽油核心母液及用该母液配制的甲醇汽油。甲醇汽油核心母液由下列用质量百分比含量表示的各液体组合物组成:A液:正辛烷30-40%,正庚烷8-12%,甲基叔丁基醚25-35%,异丁醇20-30%;B液:无水乙醇20-30%,六亚甲基四胺10-15%,硝酸铵8-12%,硝基稀释剂22-32%,乙二醇乙醚12-17%,二甲苯8-12%;C液:硝基乙烷20-30%,甲基环己烷23-33%,十氢萘4-6%,甲基萘16-24%,苯甲醇18-26%;D液:硝基甲烷8-12%,正庚醇25-35%,三氟甲苯25-35%,正辛醇25-30%;E液:异丙醇43-53%,金属钝化剂T122 4-6%,防锈剂T702 15-19%,清净剂T106 12-18%,清净剂T102 12-18%;F液:正丁醇50-60%,防锈剂T747 20-30%,防锈剂T706 16-24%;G液:二甲基丁酮12-18%,异丁醇8-12%,抗氧防胶剂T502 30-40%,异戊酸4-6%,吗啉12-18%,异丙苯15-25%;按上述A、B、C、D、E、F、G各液体组合物的组成分别配制各液,然后在常温常压下分别搅拌20-40分钟,再将各液体组合物等质量比例±5%混合在一起,或以各液体组合物等质量比例±5%混合集中搅拌20-40分钟,即得甲醇汽油核心母液。将上述甲醇汽油核心母液4-8质量%与甲醇92-96质量%混合得到变性醇,再将该变性醇以45-65质量%与国标汽油或组分油或石脑油35-55质量%混合得到甲醇汽油。

Description

- - 甲醇汽油核心母液及甲醇汽油
技术领域
本发明涉及一种甲醇汽油核心母液以及用该母液配制的甲醇汽油。 背景技术
根据 《BP世界能源统计年鉴》 的资料, 截至 2011年年底, 全球石油储量约为 1.653万亿桶, 若按照现在全球每天非常保守的 0.8亿桶的消耗速度来看, 当前的世 界石油储量可供全球消费 54年。
石油作为一种有限资源,面对世界工业化的发展及汽车的大量使用,其资源会越 来越紧张;石油价格从上世纪末的 10.58美元上涨到现在的 100美元,上涨速度之快, 是石油史上罕见的, 在其它大宗资源类产品涨幅中更是少见的。石油价格的飙升迫使 世界各国千方百计寻找替代能源燃料。
我国石油储量仅占世界 3%等, 而石油消费猛增、 家用车增多、 经济成本加大, 因此, 我国的能源专家一致认为, 必须实施能源安全战略, 千方百计研究发展石油替 代燃料。近二十多年来, 我国加快了能源战略的实施步伐, 大力寻求和发展替代石油 的燃料。
中国是贫油、 少气、 富煤的国家。 从我国国情出发, 从煤基能源上寻找替代的清 洁能源, 是解决能源安全和可持续发展问题的重要途径。另一方面, 随着汽车工业的 飞速发展, 带来城乡汽车的迅猛增加, 汽车燃料汽油的大量使用, 尾气排放给大气环 境造成严重污染, 严重威胁着人类的生存环境。 因此, 大剂量大比例替代车用清洁燃 料应运而生, 以解决过分依赖石油的现状及愈来愈重视的环保问题。 其中应用最多、 发展最快的是甲醇汽油。 由于甲醇来源广泛, 且燃料干净, 对环境污染小, 深受汽车 行业的普遍关注。 因此发展甲醇替代汽车燃料势在必行。
我国自行设计、制造和运行大型甲醇装置已积累了足够的技术基础: 水煤浆为原 料的大型气化炉已运行多年, 可实现长周期运转; 新型水煤浆气化炉与干煤加压气化 炉正在积极开发中; 各种低能耗的天然气蒸汽转化技术均已掌握; 低成本以空气为气 化剂的天然气转化制合成气技术已经开发; 多种的脱碳、脱硫工艺已成熟用于工业生 - - 产; 变换、 精脱硫、 甲醇合成催化剂均已国产化; 新型甲醇合成反应器已形成专利技 术; 精馏装备已达到节能和优化水平。 目前国内已掌握了建设 10万 -30万 t / a单系 列甲醇装置的设计技术。 因此, 利用煤或天然气生产甲醇, 原料来源丰富, 生产技术 成熟, 甲醇价格合理; 甲醇汽油是一种高辛垸值燃料。 在常温下, 甲醇是液体, 其储 存、 输送、 使用都和汽油、 柴油一样方便。 添加甲醇可显著降低有害物的排放量, 是 一种清洁的车用燃料。 甲醇汽油经发动机燃烧比燃烧 90号汽油的排气中有害物少, 对环境污染的影响也轻, 美国 「DOC」 研究中心对 10种汽车使用含甲醇 5 %-10 %的 汽油行驶实验结果表明, 在一般汽油发动机上用甲醇汽油时,燃烧排气中的一氧化碳 比汽油减少了 30 %左右, 氮氧化物比用汽油时减少 30 %-50 %, 未燃烧碳氢化物减少 30 %-60 %。 甲醇汽油的开发有利于城市的环境保护。 甲醇是 21世纪最有希望的清洁 燃料。 发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种高效低碳的甲醇燃料核心母液, 其与甲醇混合, 可代替 汽油, 使汽车在不改变结构的情况下正常行驶。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种甲醇汽油核心母液, 由下列用质量百分比含量表示的各液体组合物组成: A液:
正辛垸 30-40%, 正庚垸 8-12%, 甲基叔丁基醚 25-35%, 异丁醇 20-30%。
B液:
无水乙醇 20-30%, 六亚甲基四胺 10-15%, 硝酸铵 8-12%, 硝基稀释剂 22-32%, 乙二醇乙醚 12-17%, 二甲苯 8-12%。
C液:
硝基乙垸 20-30%, 甲基环己垸 23-33%, 十氢萘 4-6%, 甲基萘 16-24%, 苯甲醇 18-26%。
D液:
硝基甲垸 8-12%, 正庚醇 25-35%, 三氟甲苯 25-35%, 正辛醇 25-30%。
E液:
异丙醇 43-53%, 金属钝化剂 T122 4-6%, 防锈剂 T702 15-19%, 清净剂 T106 12-18%, 清净剂 T102 12-18%。
F液:
正丁醇 50-60%, 防锈剂 T747 20-30%, 防锈剂 T706 16-24%。
G液:
二甲基丁酮 12-18%, 异丁醇 8-12%, 抗氧防胶剂 T502 30-40%, 异戊醛 4-6%, 吗啉 12-18%, 异丙苯 15-25%。 按上述 A、 B、 C、 D、 E、 F、 G各液体组合物的组成分别配制各液, 然后在常 温常压下分别搅拌 20-40分钟, 再将各液体组合物等比例 ±5%混合在一起, 或以各液 体组合物等比例 ±5%混合集中搅拌 20-40分钟, 即得甲醇汽油核心母液。
优选的是: 各液体组合物的质量百分比含量如下:
A液:
正辛垸 35%, 正庚垸 10%, 甲基叔丁基醚 30%, 异丁醇 25%。
B液:
无水乙醇 25%, 六亚甲基四胺 13%, 硝酸铵 10%, 硝基稀释剂 27%, 乙二醇乙 醚 15%, 二甲苯 10%。
C液:
硝基乙垸 25%, 甲基环己垸 28%, 十氢萘 5%, 甲基萘 20%, 苯甲醇 22%。 D液:
硝基甲垸 10%, 正庚醇 30%, 三氟甲苯 30%, 正辛醇 30%。
E液:
异丙醇 48%, 金属钝化剂 T122 5%, 防锈剂 Τ702 17%, 清净剂 T106 15%, 清净 剂 T102 15%。
F液:
正丁醇 55%, 防锈剂 Τ747 25%, 防锈剂 Τ706 20%。
G液:
二甲基丁酮 15%, 异丁醇 10%, 抗氧防胶剂 Τ502 35%, 异戊醛 5%, 吗啉 15%, 异丙苯 20%。
本发明还提供了一种甲醇汽油, 其由如下方法制备而成: - -
( 1 ) 前述甲醇汽油核心母液 4-8%与甲醇 92-96%混合, 搅拌均匀, 反应 20-40 分钟得变性醇;
(2) 将所述变性醇以 45-65%的比例与国标汽油或组份油或石脑油 35-55%混合 搅拌均匀, 反应 20-40分钟, 得到所述的甲醇汽油;
所述甲醇为含量 99.5-99.9%以上的精醇。
优选的是, 所述变性醇以 45%的比例与国标汽油或组份油或石脑油 55%混合; 优选的是, 所述变性醇以 50%的比例与国标汽油或组份油或石脑油 50%混合; 优选的是, 所述变性醇以 55%的比例与国标汽油或组份油或石脑油 45%混合; 优选的是, 所述变性醇以 65%的比例与国标汽油或组份油或石脑油 35%混合; 优选的是, 所述国标汽油为 90#-93#国标汽油。 本发明的核心母液及用该核心母液配制的甲醇汽油具有以下特点:
1、 独特的加快燃烧速度的功能。 甲醇不同于汽油, 汽油的闪点很低 (负 46度) 其燃烧速度非常快, 甲醇较汽油闪点高 (12度), 其燃烧速度较汽油慢, 不适应汽油 发动机的燃烧特性, 所以单烧或掺烧甲醇有一定的困难, 由于目前绝大部分汽车都是 以传统汽油的燃烧特性设置的,而用本发明的高效低碳甲醇汽油核心母液配制成的甲 醇汽油供汽车正常使用, 解决了甲醇有效替代汽油的难题。
2、 独特的抗温功能。 可适应的温差大, 能在零下四十度的低温下和零上四十六 度高温下正常使用, 从根本上解决低温不分项、 低温易启动、 高温不气阻的现象, 体 现了对南北气候的适应性。
3、 独特的抗水功能。 不但能够抵御空气中所吸收的水分, 而且可抵御储缸中缸 底所积蓄的水分, 并遇到外来稍大量的水分也能吸附掉, 不会使油剂分项, 不乳化变 质, 最大抗水量(吸附能力)在 1.5%-2%之间。 无需经过搅拌或打循环就能把这些水 分吸收掉。
4、 独特的平顺性, 加速性能好, 动力强劲。 本发明的核心母液调配而成的高效 低碳甲醇汽油辛垸值达 100以上, 抗爆性好、 燃烧充分、 排气完全, 同时使燃料在燃 烧时的热值整体提升。
5、 无需改动发动机任何部件, 无需增加任何设备就能使用本发明的核心母液调 配而成的高效低碳甲醇汽油。加油站无需另外增加加油设备, 车辆也无需任何改动即 可混合加注, 与国标汽油、 乙醇汽油达到任意互溶, 可单独使用或交替互换使用。
6、 使用本发明的核心母液调配而成的高效低碳甲醇汽油, 其噪音低于使用国标 汽油的车辆, 各种排放物都远低于使用国标汽油车辆的排放。
本发明的核心母液的特点在于它调配的高效低碳甲醇汽油具有良好的适应性、平 顺性、 动力性、 经济性、 环保性和安全性。 其贮存期长、 制作工艺简单、 常温常压、 操作方便。核心母液与甲醇反应充分后调配而成的高效低碳甲醇汽油, 可适应任何汽 车使用, 目前在国内外居于技术领先地位。 具体实施方式
下面实施例说明本发明的具体实施方式。
实施例:
( 1 )首先制备甲醇核心剂母液的各液体组合物, 各液质量百分比含量组成如下: A液:
正辛垸 35%, 正庚垸 10%, 甲基叔丁基醚 30%, 异丁醇 25%。
B液:
无水乙醇 25%, 六亚甲基四胺 13%, 硝酸铵 10%, 硝基稀释剂 27%, 乙二醇乙 醚 15%, 二甲苯 10%。
C液:
硝基乙垸 25%, 甲基环己垸 28%, 十氢萘 5%, 甲基萘 20%, 苯甲醇 22%。 D液:
硝基甲垸 10%, 正庚醇 30%, 三氟甲苯 30%, 正辛醇 30%。
E液:
异丙醇 48%, 金属钝化剂 T122 5%, 防锈剂 Τ702 17%, 清净剂 T106 15%, 清净 剂 T102 15%。
F液:
正丁醇 55%, 防锈剂 Τ747 25%, 防锈剂 Τ706 20%。
G液:
二甲基丁酮 15%, 异丁醇 10%, 抗氧防胶剂 Τ502 35%, 异戊醛 5%, 吗啉 15%, 异丙苯 20%。 - - 本发明中的各种添加剂--金属钝化剂、 防锈剂、 清净剂、 抗氧防胶剂多有市售, 如无锡南方石油添加剂有限公司、深圳市鸿庆泰石油添加剂有限公司、锦州新兴石油 添加剂责任有限公司都生产这些产品。本实施例选用的是深圳市鸿庆泰石油添加剂有 限公司的产品。
按上述 A、 B、 C、 D、 E、 F、 G各液的组成分别配制各液, 然后在常温常压下 分别搅拌 30分钟, 再将各液等比例混合在一起即得甲醇汽油核心母液。
(2) 将甲醇汽油核心母液 4%与甲醇 96%混合, 搅拌均匀, 反应 30分钟得变性 醇;
( 3 ) 将所述变性醇分别以 45%、 50%、 55%、 65%的比例与 93#国标汽油 55%、 50%、 45%、 35%混合搅拌均匀, 反应 30 分钟, 得到所述的甲醇汽油, 型号分别为 M45、 M50、 M55、 M65 ;
所述甲醇为含量 99.5-99.9%以上的精醇。 其中 M45、M55、 M65甲醇汽油的各项指标经深圳市计量质量检验研究院检验, 结果如下:
检验依据 参照 DB 33/T 756.3-2009 《车用甲醇汽油 第 3部分: M50》,
参照 SH/T0663-1998 《汽油中某些醇类和醚类测定法 (气相色谱法)》 检验环境 (25〜30) °C , ( 50-70) %RH 规格型号: M45
测试项目 标准要求(97号) 实测结果 单项结论 研究法辛垸值 (RON) 不小于 97 > 100.0 符合 苯含量, % (体积分数) 不大于 1.4 0.3 付口 芳烃含量, % (体积分
不大于 22 17.5 付口 数)
烯烃含量, % (体积分
不大于 19 8.4 付口 数) - - 馏程:
不高于 70
10%蒸发温度, °c
不高于 120
50%蒸发温度, °C 付口 不高于 190
90%蒸发温度, °C
不高于 205
终馏点, V
不大于 2
残留量, % (体积分数)
诱导期, min 不小于 480 〉480 付口 饱禾口蒸汽压, kPa 不大于 72 65.0 付口 水溶性酸或碱 无 无 付口 硫醇
通过 通过 付口 博士实验
实际胶质, mg/100mL 不大于 5 4.0 付口 未洗胶质, mg/100mL 不大于 70 5.0 付口 硫含量, % (质量分数) 不大于 0.03 0.0007 付口 铅含量, g/L 不大于 0.003 <0.002 付口 铁含量, g/L 不大于 0.01 <0.002 付口 锰含量, g/L 不大于 0.018 <0.002 付口 水分, % (质量分数) 不大于 0.15 0.11 付口 室温下清亮透明, 不 室温下清亮透明, 外观 分层, 不含悬浮物和 不分层, 不含悬浮 付口 沉淀物 物和沉淀物
机械杂质 无 无 付口 低温抗相分离性能 清亮透明, 无相分
清亮透明, 无相分离 付口 ( -20 V , 4h) 离
遇水抗相分离性能 清亮透明, 无相分
清亮透明, 无相分离 付口 (加水 0.15%, 4h) 离
铜片腐蚀 (50°C, 3h),
不大于 1 la 付口 级
甲醇含量, % (质量分 45.66 - -
Figure imgf000010_0001
规格型号 M55
测试项目 标准要求(97号) 实测结果 单项结论 研究法辛垸值 (RON) 不小于 97 > 100.0 符合 苯含量, % (体积分数) 不大于 1.4 0.3 付口 芳烃含量, % (体积分
不大于 22 14.3 付口 数)
烯烃含量, % (体积分
不大于 19 7.6 付口 数)
馏程:
10%蒸发温度, °C 不高于 70 51.5
50%蒸发温度, °C 不高于 120 63.0 付口
90%蒸发温度, °C 不高于 190 153.0
终馏点, V 不高于 205 184.5
残留量, % (体积分数) 不大于 2 0.8
诱导期, min 不小于 480 〉480 付口 饱禾口蒸汽压, kPa 不大于 72 63.5 付口 水溶性酸或碱 无 无 付口 实际胶质, mg/100mL 不大于 5 4.5 付口 未洗胶质, mg/100mL 不大于 70 5.0 付口 硫含量, % (质量分数) 不大于 0.03 0.0006 付口 铅含量, g/L 不大于 0.003 <0.002 付口 铁含量, g/L 不大于 0.01 <0.002 付口 锰含量, g/L 不大于 0.018 <0.002 付口 水分, % (质量分数) 不大于 0.15 0.11 付口 室温下清亮透明, 不 室温下清亮透明,
外观 分层, 不含悬浮物和 不分层, 不含悬浮 付口 沉淀物 物和沉淀物 - - 机械杂质 无 无 IT口 低温抗相分离性能 清亮透明, 无相分
清亮透明, 无相分离 IT口
( -20V , 4h) 离
遇水抗相分离性能 清亮透明, 无相分
清亮透明, 无相分离 IT口 (加水 0.15%, 4h) 离
铜片腐蚀 (50°C, 3h),
不大于 1 la IT η 级
甲醇含量, % (质量分
55.86
数) 规格型号 M65
测试项目 标准要求(97号) 实测结果 单项结论 研究法辛垸值 (RON) 不小于 97 > 100.0 符合 苯含量, % (体积分数) 不大于 1.4 0.2 付口 芳烃含量, % (体积分
不大于 22 11.4 付口 数)
烯烃含量, % (体积分
不大于 19 6.1 付口 数)
馏程:
10%蒸发温度, °C 不高于 70 53.5
50%蒸发温度, °C 不高于 120 63.5 付口
90%蒸发温度, °C 不高于 190 108.0
终馏点, V 不高于 205 181.5
残留量, % (体积分数) 不大于 2 0.7
诱导期, min 不小于 480 〉480 付口 饱禾口蒸汽压, kPa 不大于 72 61.0 付口 水溶性酸或碱 无 无 付口 实际胶质, mg/100mL 不大于 5 3.0 付口 未洗胶质, mg/100mL 不大于 70 3.5 付口 - -
Figure imgf000012_0001
燃烧排放物情况, 经北京理工大学汽车动力性与排放测试国家专业实验室测试, 结果如下:
试验用车 桑塔纳 Vsita
规格型号 M50
1、 非常规污染物排放
测试内容 93#标准汽油 M50低碳汽油
甲醛 2.569 2.946
乙醛 1.390 0.645
丙烯醛 +丙酮 0.980 0.223
丙醛 0.4370 0.208
丁烯醛 0 0 - -
Figure imgf000013_0001
从上表中可以看出, M50甲醇汽油的非常规污染物除甲醛外均低于 93#标准汽油 的非常规污染物。
2、 常规污染物排放
Figure imgf000013_0002
从表中可以看出, 本发明甲醇汽油的各常规污物排量均低于标准汽油。
3、 百公里平均等速油耗 (单位: 升)
口口 93#标准汽油 Μ50低碳汽油
油耗 9.759 11.806
甲醇汽油百公 多耗 2.047
里与 93#对比
油耗 - - 油耗略高于 93#标准汽油。
另外, 将上述实施例的甲醇汽油用于替代汽油, 加注在汽车上, 经数千人试驾体 验, 均反映驾车感觉与使用汽油无异。
结果表明, 本发明提供了一种高效低碳的甲醇汽油核心母液, 其与甲醇和汽油混合, 在常温常压下反应, 调整改变了甲醇汽油的性质, 使其在发动机中的燃烧速度、气化 潜热、 抗爆性、 加速性及抗水、 抗冻、 抗腐蚀、 抗溶胀、 抗气阻和冷、 热车启动等方 面的性能均达到或超过国标汽油, 并解决了传统高比例甲醇掺烧出现的腐蚀、 溶胀、 动力下降、 油耗增高、 吸湿分层变质、 低温启动困难、 高温出现气阻等技术难题, 达 到节能降耗、减少排放、提高热值、提高燃油经济性等都接近、达到或优于传统汽油。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种甲醇汽油核心母液, 其特征在于: 由下列用质量百分比含量表示的各液体组 合物组成:
A液:
正辛垸 30-40%, 正庚垸 8-12%, 甲基叔丁基醚 25-35%, 异丁醇 20-30%;
B液:
无水乙醇 20-30%, 六亚甲基四胺 10-15%, 硝酸铵 8-12%, 硝基稀释剂 22-32%, 乙 二醇乙醚 12-17%, 二甲苯 8-12%;
C液:
硝基乙垸 20-30%,甲基环己垸 23-33%,十氢萘 4-6%,甲基萘 16-24%,苯甲醇 18-26%; D液:
硝基甲垸 8-12%, 正庚醇 25-35%, 三氟甲苯 25-35%, 正辛醇 25-30%;
E液:
异丙醇 43-53%,金属钝化剂 T122 4-6%, 防锈剂 T702 15-19%,清净剂 T106 12-18%, 清净剂 T102 12-18%;
F液:
正丁醇 50-60%, 防锈剂 T747 20-30%, 防锈剂 T706 16-24%;
G液:
二甲基丁酮 12-18%, 异丁醇 8-12%, 抗氧防胶剂 T502 30-40%, 异戊醛 4-6%, 吗啉 12-18%, 异丙苯 15-25%; 按上述 A、 B、 C、 D、 E、 F、 G各液体组合物的组成分别配制各液, 然后在常温常 压下分别搅拌 20-40 分钟, 再将各液体组合物等质量比例 ± 5%混合在一起, 或以各 液体组合物等质量比例 ± 5%混合集中搅拌 20-40分钟, 即得甲醇汽油核心母液。
2. 权利要求 1 所述的甲醇汽油核心母液, 其特征在于: 各液体组合物的质量百分比 含量如下-
A液: 正辛垸 35%, 正庚垸 10%, 甲基叔丁基醚 30%, 异丁醇 25%;
B液:
无水乙醇 25%,六亚甲基四胺 13%,硝酸铵 10%,硝基稀释剂 27%,乙二醇乙醚 15%, 二甲苯 10%;
C液:
硝基乙垸 25%, 甲基环己垸 28%, 十氢萘 5%, 甲基萘 20%, 苯甲醇 22%;
D液:
硝基甲垸 10%, 正庚醇 30%, 三氟甲苯 30%, 正辛醇 30%;
E液:
异丙醇 48%, 金属钝化剂 T122 5%, 防锈剂 T702 17%, 清净剂 T106 15%, 清净剂 T102 15%;
F液:
正丁醇 55%, 防锈剂 T747 25%, 防锈剂 Τ706 20%;
G液:
二甲基丁酮 15%, 异丁醇 10%, 抗氧防胶剂 Τ502 35%, 异戊醛 5%, 吗啉 15%, 异 丙苯 20%。
3. —种甲醇汽油, 其特征在于由如下方法制备而成:
( 1 ) 将权利要求 1或 2所述的甲醇汽油核心母液 4-8%与甲醇 92-96%混合, 搅拌均 匀, 反应 20-40分钟得变性醇;
(2) 将所述变性醇以 45-65%的质量比例与国标汽油或组份油或石脑油 35-55%混合 搅拌均匀, 反应 20-40分钟, 得到所述的甲醇汽油;
所述甲醇为含量 99.9%以上的精醇。
4. 如权利要求 3所述的甲醇汽油, 其特征在于:
所述变性醇以 45%的质量比例与国标汽油或组份油或石脑油 55%混合。
5. 如权利要求 3所述的甲醇汽油, 其特征在于:
所述变性醇以 50%的质量比例与国标汽油或组份油或石脑油 50%混合。
6. 如权利要求 3所述的甲醇汽油, 其特征在于:
所述变性醇以 55%的质量比例与国标汽油或组份油或石脑油 45%混合。
7. 如权利要求 3所述的甲醇汽油, 其特征在于:
所述变性醇以 65%的质量比例与国标汽油或组份油或石脑油 35%混合。
PCT/CN2013/085237 2012-10-15 2013-10-15 甲醇汽油核心母液及甲醇汽油 WO2014059915A1 (zh)

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