WO2014059571A1 - 一种处理光载波的方法、光器件和多载波发射机 - Google Patents

一种处理光载波的方法、光器件和多载波发射机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014059571A1
WO2014059571A1 PCT/CN2012/082943 CN2012082943W WO2014059571A1 WO 2014059571 A1 WO2014059571 A1 WO 2014059571A1 CN 2012082943 W CN2012082943 W CN 2012082943W WO 2014059571 A1 WO2014059571 A1 WO 2014059571A1
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Prior art keywords
optical
port
frequency
light
power
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PCT/CN2012/082943
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
戴永恒
王轲
刘宁
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2012/082943 priority Critical patent/WO2014059571A1/zh
Priority to CN201280001482.1A priority patent/CN103890547B/zh
Publication of WO2014059571A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014059571A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
    • G01D5/35338—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using other arrangements than interferometer arrangements
    • G01D5/35341—Sensor working in transmission
    • G01D5/35348—Sensor working in transmission using stimulated emission to detect the measured quantity

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of optical communication technologies, and in particular, to a method for processing an optical carrier, an optical device, and a multi-carrier transmitter. Background technique
  • Multi-carrier transmission refers to a high-speed service transmitting with multiple wavelengths, each wavelength is a sub-carrier, and bears part of the traffic in the high-speed service.
  • the transmission channel formed by all subcarriers is called a superchannel.
  • the superchannel In order to improve the spectrum utilization efficiency in the super channel, it is necessary to minimize the wavelength protection interval between subcarriers. Because of the wavelength drift of the wavelengths in each subcarrier, the narrow wavelength guard interval tends to cause nuisance between subcarriers. Therefore, in order to improve the spectrum utilization efficiency while ensuring transmission performance, the superchannel requires a more stable multi-carrier light source.
  • a current solution to solve this problem is to introduce an optical frequency comb generator in the subcarrier generation phase of the multicarrier.
  • the basic principle of the optical frequency comb generator is to convert an input wavelength into a plurality of equally spaced subcarriers using a frequency comb generating device to obtain a multi-carrier light source.
  • the subcarriers thus generated are from the same input wavelength, so they have the same wavelength drift, so that the multicarrier source composed of them has relatively high stability.
  • the optical frequency comb generator is usually equipped with a multi-stage erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA for amplifying the optical power.
  • the amplification of multi-level EDFAs can introduce a large amount of spontaneous emission ASE noise to multi-carrier sources.
  • the subcarriers of the multi-carrier source enter the fiber through the steps of splitting, modulating, and combining the multi-carrier transmitter, and also bring a large amount of ASE noise into the transmission link.
  • These ASE noises reduce the optical signal-to-noise ratio OSNR of the optical signal, resulting in an increase in the bit error rate and affecting the transmission quality.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for processing an optical carrier.
  • Optical devices and a multi-carrier transmitter specifically:
  • an optical device comprising a power splitter, a frequency shifter, an isolator or a first circulator, a second circulator, and a stimulated Brillouin scattering SBS medium
  • the power splitter includes an input port and two output ports, the input port being an input port of the optical device, wherein one output port is connected to the frequency shifter, and the other output port is through the isolator or the a first circulator is connected to the SBS medium;
  • the frequency shifter, an input port of the frequency shifter is connected to the power splitter, and an output port of the frequency shifter is connected to the second circulator;
  • a second circulator including a first port, a second port, and a third port, wherein the first port is connected to the frequency shifter, the second port is connected to the SBS medium, and the third port is the light
  • An output port of the device wherein light input from the first port is output from the second port, and light input from the second port is output
  • the optical device further includes an optical amplifier, where the optical amplifier is located in a link between the power splitter and the frequency shifter, the optical amplifier An input port is connected to the power splitter, an output port of the optical amplifier is connected to the frequency shifter; or the optical device further includes an optical amplifier, the optical amplifier is located at the frequency shifter and the second In the link between the circulators, an input port of the optical amplifier is connected to the frequency shifter, and an output port of the optical amplifier is connected to the second circulator.
  • the optical device further includes a frequency shift controller and a power monitor;
  • the frequency shift controller includes two ports, wherein one port is connected to the power monitor, Another port is connected to the frequency shift control port of the frequency shifter;
  • the power monitor includes two ports, one of which is connected to the third port and the other of which is connected to the frequency shift controller.
  • the frequency shifter may include an optical splitter, at least two of the frequency shifting devices, and an optical combiner;
  • the optical splitter includes an input port and at least Two output ports, an input port of the optical splitter is an input port of the frequency shifter, each output port of the optical splitter is connected to a frequency shifting device; at least two of the frequency shifting devices, An input port of each of the frequency shifting devices is connected to the optical splitter, and an output port of each of the frequency shifting devices is connected to an optical combiner;
  • the optical combiner includes at least two connection input ports and an output a port, an output port of the optical multiplexer is an output port of the frequency shifter, and each input port of the optical multiplexer is connected to one of the frequency shifting devices.
  • the frequency shifting amount of the frequency shifter added to the light input to the frequency shifter is a frequency shift amount when the output optical power of the optical device is maximized.
  • the optical amplifier is configured to amplify an optical carrier entering the optical carrier such that the optical power of the subcarrier light of each frequency in the optical carrier reaches an SBS threshold of the SBS medium, and at the same time, each frequency thereof The optical power of the noise light is below the SBS threshold.
  • the power splitter is a polarization maintaining power splitter;
  • the frequency shifter is a polarization maintaining amplifier;
  • the optical amplifier is a polarization maintaining optical amplifier;
  • the first circulator and the second circulator a polarization maintaining circulator;
  • the SBS medium is a polarization maintaining SBS medium;
  • the isolators are polarization maintaining isolators; and
  • the SBS medium is a single mode fiber, a dispersion compensating fiber or a highly nonlinear fiber.
  • the noise of the optical carrier is actively filtered by the principle of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS), and the OSNR of the optical carrier is improved.
  • SBS stimulated Brillouin scattering
  • the filtering based on the SBS principle is not sensitive to wavelength drift because the signal light and the pump light are homologous light, and the filtering effect is basically not affected by the wavelength shift of the optical carrier.
  • the optical device can adaptively implement narrowband gain for each subcarrier, and filter out noise outside the subcarrier linewidth in the presence of light.
  • the amplifier can also increase the optical power of each subcarrier in the optical carrier.
  • an optical device comprising a power splitter, a frequency shifter, an isolator or a first circulator, a second circulator, and a stimulated Brillouin scattering SBS medium
  • the power splitter includes an input port and two output ports, the input port being an input port of the optical device, wherein one output port is connected to the frequency shifter, and the other output port is connected to the second circulator;
  • the frequency shifter, an input port of the frequency shifter is connected to the power splitter, and an output port of the frequency shifter passes through the isolator or the first circulator and the SBS
  • the second circulator includes a first port, a second port, and a third port, the first port is connected to the power splitter, the second port is connected to the SBS medium, and the third a port is an output port of the optical device, wherein light input from the first port is output from the second port, and light input from the second port is output from the third port;
  • the optical device further includes an optical amplifier, where the optical amplifier is located in a link between the power splitter and the second circulator, the light An input port of the amplifier is coupled to the power splitter, and an output port of the optical amplifier is coupled to the second circulator.
  • the optical device further includes a frequency shift controller and a power monitor;
  • the frequency shift controller includes two ports, wherein one port is connected to the power monitor, Another port is connected to the frequency shift control port of the frequency shifter;
  • the power monitor includes two ports, one of which is connected to the third port and the other of which is connected to the frequency shift controller.
  • the frequency shifter may include an optical splitter, at least two of the frequency shifting devices, and an optical combiner; the optical splitter includes an input port and at least Two output ports, an input port of the optical splitter is an input port of the frequency shifter, each output port of the optical splitter is connected to a frequency shifting device; at least two of the frequency shifting devices, An input port of each of the frequency shifting devices is connected to the optical splitter, and an output port of each of the frequency shifting devices is connected to an optical combiner; the optical combiner includes at least two connection input ports and an output a port, an output port of the optical multiplexer is an output port of the frequency shifter, and each input port of the optical multiplexer is connected to one of the frequency shifting devices.
  • the frequency shifter pair inputs the frequency shifter The amount of frequency shift of the light reduction is the amount of frequency shift when the output optical power of the optical device is maximized.
  • the optical amplifier is configured to amplify an optical carrier entering the optical carrier such that the optical power of the subcarrier light of each frequency in the optical carrier reaches an SBS threshold of the SBS medium, and at the same time, each frequency thereof The optical power of the noise light is below the SBS threshold.
  • the power splitter is a polarization maintaining power splitter;
  • the frequency shifter is a polarization maintaining amplifier;
  • the optical amplifier is a polarization maintaining optical amplifier;
  • the first circulator and the second circulator a polarization maintaining circulator;
  • the SBS medium is a polarization maintaining SBS medium;
  • the isolators are polarization maintaining isolators; and
  • the SBS medium is a single mode fiber, a dispersion compensating fiber or a highly nonlinear fiber.
  • the noise of the optical carrier is actively filtered by the principle of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS), and the OSNR of the optical carrier is improved, and the optical carrier can be improved in the presence of the optical amplifier.
  • SBS stimulated Brillouin scattering
  • the optical power of each subcarrier is insensitive to wavelength drift because the signal light and the pump light are homologous light, and the filtering effect is basically not affected by the wavelength shift of the optical carrier.
  • the optical device can adaptively implement narrowband gain for each subcarrier while filtering out noise outside the subcarrier linewidth.
  • a multi-carrier transmitter is further provided.
  • the multi-carrier transmitter includes: a laser, an output port of the laser is connected to a frequency comb generator; and the frequency comb occurs.
  • the input port of the frequency comb generator is connected to a laser, and the output port of the frequency comb generator is connected to any one of the optical devices in the first or second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention;
  • An optical device an input port of the optical device is connected to the frequency comb generator, an output port of the optical device is connected to an optical splitter; the optical splitter, an input port of the optical splitter and The narrowband filter optical device is connected, each output port of the optical splitter is connected to a signal modulator; and the plurality of signal modulators, each of the signal modulators includes an input port and an output port, An input port of each of the signal modulators is coupled to the optical demultiplexer, and an output port of each of the signal modulators is coupled to an optical combiner; the photosynthetic Comprising a plurality of input ports and one output port, the output port of the optical multiplexer to an output port of the multi-carrier transmitter, said optical multiplexer for each input port and a signal modulator connected.
  • the multi-carrier transmitter includes one or more of the lasers and one or more of the frequency comb generators; each of the lasers and one of the frequency comb generators connection.
  • the (stimulated Brillouin scattering, SBS) principle actively filters out the noise of the multi-carrier at the transmitting end, improves the OSNR of the multi-carrier, and improves the optical power of each sub-carrier in the multi-carrier in the presence of the optical amplifier.
  • the filtering based on the SBS principle is insensitive to wavelength drift because the signal light and the pump light are homologous light, and the filtering effect is basically not affected by the wavelength shift of the optical carrier.
  • the optical device can adaptively implement narrowband gain for each subcarrier, and filter out noise outside the subcarrier linewidth.
  • an optical carrier processing method is further provided, specifically: performing power splitting on an optical carrier to obtain a first partial light and a second partial light; increasing a frequency of the second partial light; The second portion of the added light is sent to the SBS medium, and the first portion of the light is sent to the stimulated Brillouin SBS medium, so that the second portion of the increased frequency of the SBS medium occurs in the SBS medium.
  • the first partial light obtains a narrowband gain in the SBS medium; the first partial light after the narrowband gain is obtained; wherein the second portion of the optical frequency increases by the power of the first portion of the light after the narrowband gain is obtained The maximum amount of frequency shift.
  • the second portion of the increased frequency is sent to the SBS medium, the second portion of the light is amplified or the frequency is increased.
  • the second portion of the light is such that the optical power of the subcarrier light of each of the frequencies reaches above the SBS threshold, while the optical power of the noise light of each of the frequencies is below the SBS threshold.
  • the increasing the frequency of the second partial light specifically includes: dividing the second partial light into optical carriers of different wavelength bands; The optical carriers of the different bands are respectively increased in frequency, wherein an amount of increase of the optical carrier frequency of each of the different bands is a frequency shift when the power of the first portion of the light after obtaining the narrowband gain is maximum; Convergence of all optical carriers with increased frequency and output.
  • an optical carrier processing method is further provided, specifically: performing power splitting on an optical carrier to obtain a first partial light and a second partial light; reducing a frequency of the first partial light; The first portion of the light is sent to the stimulated Brillouin SBS medium; the second portion of the light is sent to the stimulated Brillouin SBS medium such that the second portion of light generates SBS in the SBS medium, a first portion of the light having a reduced frequency obtains a narrowband gain in the SBS medium; an output of the first portion of the light having a narrowband gain; wherein the first portion of the optical frequency is decreased by the first portion of the light after the narrowband gain is obtained The amount of frequency shift when the power is maximum.
  • the second portion of the light before the second portion of the light is sent to the SBS medium, the second portion of the light is amplified such that the optical power of the subcarrier light of each frequency reaches Above the SBS threshold, the optical power of the noise light at each frequency is below the SBS threshold.
  • the first part of the optical component is divided into optical carriers of different wavelength bands; and the optical carriers of each of the different optical bands are respectively reduced in frequency, where each The amount of decrease in the optical carrier frequency of the different bands is the amount of frequency shift when the power of the first portion of the light after the narrowband gain is maximized; and the optical carriers after all the frequencies are reduced are combined and output.
  • the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) principle is used to actively filter out the noise of the optical carrier, thereby improving the OSNR of the optical carrier.
  • the filtering based on the SBS principle is insensitive to wavelength drift because the signal light and the pump light are homologous light, and the filtering effect is basically not affected by the wavelength shift of the optical carrier.
  • the optical device can adaptively implement narrowband gain for each subcarrier, and filter out noise outside the subcarrier linewidth in the presence of light.
  • the amplifier can also increase the optical power of each subcarrier in the optical carrier.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an optical device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of an optical device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a multi-carrier transmitter according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a multi-carrier transmitter according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a multi-carrier transmitter according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a multi-carrier transmitter according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Specific embodiment
  • Embodiment 1 The embodiment of the invention provides an optical device, as shown in FIG. 1 , specifically:
  • the optical device includes a power splitter, a frequency shifter, an isolator or a first circulator, a second circulator, and a stimulated Brillouin scattering SBS medium.
  • the power splitter includes an input port and two output ports, the input port being an input port of the optical device, wherein one output port is connected to the frequency shifter, and the other output port is passed through the isolator or the A circulator is coupled to the SBS medium.
  • the frequency shifter the input port of the frequency shifter is connected to the power splitter, and the output port of the frequency shifter is connected to the second circulator;
  • the connection here may be directly connected through an optical fiber, It can be an indirect connection, for example, connected to each other through an optical amplifier in the middle of the link.
  • the second circulator includes a first port, a second port, and a third port, the first port is connected to the frequency shifter, the second port is connected to the SBS medium, and the third port is An output port of the optical device, wherein light input from the first port is output from the second port, and light input from the second port is output from the third port.
  • the SBS medium includes two ports, one of which is connected to the second circulator, and the other of which is connected to the power splitter through the isolator or the first circulator.
  • SBS medium refers to a medium that can be used for stimulated Brillouin scattering, generally has a small absorption coefficient, has a high gain coefficient and a short phonon lifetime, and has high stability.
  • the isolator includes a fourth port and a fifth port, wherein the fourth port is connected to the power splitter, the fifth port is connected to the SBS medium, and light input from the fourth port is from the a fifth port output, the light input from the fifth port is isolated by the isolator;
  • the first circulator includes a sixth port, a seventh port, and an eighth port, wherein the sixth port connects the power a beam splitter, the seventh port is connected to the SBS medium, light input from the sixth port is output from the seventh port, and light input from the seventh port is output from the eighth port.
  • the isolator can be used here, or the first circulator can be selected. When the first circulator is selected, the output light of the eighth port is not the output light of the entire optical device, but can be used for detecting power, etc., or can be directly discarded.
  • the optical device further includes an optical amplifier, where the optical amplifier is located in a link between the power splitter and the frequency shifter, and includes an input port and an output port, where the input port is connected a power splitter, the output port is connected to the frequency shifter; or the optical device further includes an optical amplifier, the optical amplifier is located in a link between the frequency shifter and the second circulator, An input port and an output port are included, the input port is connected to the frequency shifter, and the other port is connected to the second circulator.
  • the frequency shifter further includes a frequency shift control port, the frequency shift control port is connected to the frequency shift controller; the optical device further includes a power monitor, wherein the power monitor includes two ports, one of a port is connected to the third port, and another port is connected to the frequency shift controller; the optical device further includes the frequency shift controller, and the frequency shift controller includes two ports, one of which is connected to the port The power monitor is connected to the other frequency port.
  • the frequency shifter comprises: an optical splitter, comprising an input port and at least two output ports, wherein the input port is an input port of the frequency shifter, and each output port of the optical splitter Connecting a frequency shifting device; at least two of said frequency shifting devices, each of said frequency shifting devices comprising an input port connecting said optical demultiplexer and an output port connecting said optical multiplexer; said optical multiplexer,
  • the method includes at least two connection input ports and an output port, wherein the output port is an output port of the frequency shifter, and each of the input ports of the optical multiplexer is connected to one of the frequency shifting devices.
  • the power splitter is configured to divide the received optical carrier into two parts, wherein a part of the optical carrier is sent to the isolator or the first circulator, and another part of the optical carrier is sent to the frequency shifter.
  • the optical carrier can be single carrier light or multi-carrier light. The distribution ratio of the two parts of light can be selected.
  • the part of the light entering the SBS medium through the isolator or the first circulator is used as the SBS signal light, and the power does not have to be large, and is not larger than the SBS threshold, because the noise in the part of the optical carrier is still Will be brought into the output light.
  • the optical power of the noise light of each wavelength of the part of the light entering the frequency shifter cannot be greater than the SBS threshold.
  • the noise light power of a certain frequency is greater than the SBS threshold at the beginning, the noise light of this frequency will also occur SBS. Therefore, the corresponding noise light in the signal light is also amplified into the output light.
  • the optical device it is required to ensure that the optical power of each subcarrier in the pump light entering the SBS medium from the second circulator needs to be greater than the SBS threshold of the SBS medium, and the optical power of the noise light in the pump light Need to be less than the SBS threshold.
  • the difference between the subcarrier power and the noise power is about 20 dB.
  • the optical amplifier Before the input light enters the optical device, the optical amplifier first performs appropriate amplification, as long as the optical power of each subcarrier in the amplified light is greater than the SBS threshold, and the noise optical power is less than the SBS threshold, after appropriate
  • the splitting light can meet the above requirements.
  • one or more optical amplifiers may be added to the transmission path from the power splitter to the SBS medium for the part of the light that enters the SBS medium through the frequency shifter and the second circulator, It is used to make the subcarrier power in this part of the light reach the SBS threshold.
  • a frequency shifter for increasing the frequency of the optical carrier from the power splitter, increasing the frequency
  • the added optical carrier is sent to the second circulator, wherein the frequency shift of the frequency shifter is a frequency shift amount when the optical power of the optical device is maximized.
  • the frequency shift amount at this time can be considered to be optimal, and the frequency shift amount of the frequency shifter is the working of the frequency shifter.
  • the Brillouin frequency shift of the center wavelength of light in the SBS medium At this time, the wavelength corresponding to the shift frequency of the frequency shifter is the center wavelength of the frequency shifter operation.
  • the propagation velocity in the SBS medium, ⁇ ⁇ is the center wavelength.
  • the center wavelength corresponds to the frequency shift of the frequency shifter.
  • the center wavelength can be freely adjusted according to different optical carriers.
  • the process of adjusting the center wavelength is essentially a process of adjusting the frequency shift of the frequency shifter.
  • the frequency of the light having the wavelength ⁇ 2 in the SBS medium in the optical device is exactly equal to the frequency shift of the frequency shifter. That is, the wavelength of the light obtained by the ⁇ 1 wavelength light after the frequency shift and the SBS two steps is also ⁇ 1 , then the light of the wavelength ⁇ 2 wavelength after the frequency shift of the wavelength light is the center wavelength light, ⁇ 2 It is the center wavelength.
  • the Brillouin gain peak point of the center wavelength light having the wavelength ⁇ 2 appears exactly at the wavelength of ⁇ ⁇ , so that the wavelength of the human signal light can obtain the maximum gain, and the power of the output light is the largest.
  • the center wavelength when the optical power output by the optical device is maximum, the center wavelength can be considered to be aligned, and the operating wavelength at this time is the center wavelength.
  • the center wavelength of the frequency shifter may be fixed.
  • the center wavelength of the filter can be adjusted by manually changing the drive frequency of the frequency shifter so that it can be applied to different input lights.
  • an additional frequency shift controller can be used to adjust the center wavelength.
  • the frequency shifter can be composed of only one frequency shifting device.
  • the frequency shifter may also be composed of an optical splitter, at least two frequency shifting devices, and an optical combiner. The optical splitter in the frequency shifter first divides the optical carrier into multiple bands of light.
  • the frequency shifter may include: an optical splitter, configured to divide the optical carrier entering the frequency shifter into optical carriers of different frequency bands, and send the optical carriers of the different frequency bands to different frequency shifting devices respectively.
  • At least two of the frequency shifting devices are respectively configured to increase a frequency of an optical carrier entering the optical carrier, and send the increased frequency optical carrier to the optical combiner, wherein each of the frequency shifting devices is configured to enter an optical carrier thereof
  • the frequency increase is respectively the Brillouin frequency shift of each center wavelength light in the SBS medium, and each of the center wavelength lights has each of the frequency shifts The center wavelength of the light at which the device operates; the optical combiner for converging the optical carriers entering it, and using the converged optical carrier as the output light of the frequency shifter.
  • the frequency shifter comprising a plurality of frequency shifting devices has a plurality of center wavelengths, each center wavelength corresponding to a frequency shifting device.
  • the frequency shifting device may be a single sideband signal modulator, an IQ signal modulator, or other frequency shiftable device.
  • the optical carrier from the frequency shifter passes directly from the second circulator and enters the SBS medium as pump light, and the optical carrier from the SBS medium is output from the bypass of the second circulator as the optical device Output light.
  • An SBS medium an optical carrier as a pump light from the second circulator generates an SBS in the SBS medium, and a subcarrier in an optical carrier as a signal light from the isolator or the first circulator is obtained in the SBS
  • the power of the noise light at each frequency is less than the SBS threshold.
  • the signal light and the pump light enter the SBS medium from both ends of the SBS medium, respectively.
  • the power of the subcarriers of each frequency in the optical carrier as the pumping light is greater than the SBS threshold of the SBS, and the power of the noise light of each frequency in the optical carrier as the pumping light is less than the SBS threshold.
  • the SBS medium may be a single mode fiber, a dispersion compensation fiber, a high nonlinear fiber in the SBS medium, or other suitable SBS medium.
  • the SBS medium can be directly connected to the second circulator, connected to the isolator or the first circulator, or connected to them through an optical fiber.
  • the subcarriers in each pump light output gains to respective subcarriers in the SBS signal light, and the narrowband characteristic of the gain is such that only subcarriers are amplified, and noise outside the gain band cannot obtain gain, thereby improving subcarriers.
  • the proportion of power in the optical carrier source It is worth noting that for a specific band, such as the entire C-band, the SBS frequency shifts of different wavelengths of light are similar, and the maximum difference is about 215 ⁇ . However, the frequency shift of the frequency shifter is a fixed value for all wavelengths, so the gain peak of the gain band except the center wavelength of the light after SBS shift can be exactly aligned with the subcarrier wavelength in the signal light.
  • the light of other subcarriers in the pump light passes The gain peak of the gain band after SBS frequency shift has a certain deviation from the subcarriers in the signal light, but as long as each subcarrier in the signal light falls within the gain band, the effect of narrowband amplification can still be achieved.
  • the 3dB gain band of the doped SBS medium can reach 100MHz.
  • the subcarriers of the signal light can be guaranteed after the frequency shift and SBS frequency shift of the subcarrier within 14nm phase difference. It can also fall in the 3dB gain band generated by its corresponding pump light, covering a wavelength range that satisfies the wavelength span of a typical optical carrier.
  • the subcarriers in the optical carrier span are large, although the subcarriers of some signal lights fall outside the 3dB gain band generated by the corresponding pump light, the subcarriers in the signal light still fall in the gain band. In the case of the 3dB gain band but within the 6dB gain band, the subcarriers in the signal light can still obtain a significant gain, which can achieve narrowband gain and achieve filtering effect.
  • the 3dB gain band can be extended to more than 200MHz, so that when the center wavelength is aligned, the unevenly doped SBS medium can substantially ensure that the entire C-band subcarrier can fall. Within its corresponding 3dB gain band.
  • the light input to the frequency shifter can be split-processed first, divided into two parts, three parts, or even more.
  • the multi-carriers with larger spans are further subdivided, and then respectively
  • the divided light is subjected to frequency shift processing, and the frequency shifting process is performed after combining, and the 3 dB gain band generated by the pump light after the combining and then sent to the SBS frequency in the SBS medium can include the corresponding subcarriers. That is, it can ensure that the subcarrier corresponding to the pump light can fall within the 3dB gain band it generates.
  • the filtering scheme disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention is not limited to the C band, and other bands may also be used.
  • the isolator or first circulator the optical carrier from the power splitter passes directly from the isolator or the first circulator, and the optical carrier from the SBS medium is isolated by the isolator or bypassed from the first circulator.
  • optical fibers These components described above can be connected by optical fibers.
  • the optical device may further include an optical amplifier disposed between the power splitter and the frequency shifter or in a transmission path between the frequency shifter and the second circulator for amplifying from the frequency shifting
  • the optical carrier of the device such that the optical power of the subcarrier light of each frequency reaches above the SBS threshold of the SBS medium, while the optical power of the noise light of each frequency is below the SBS threshold
  • the amplified optical carrier is sent to the second circulator; or, for amplifying the optical carrier from the power splitter, such that the optical power of the subcarrier light of each frequency reaches the SBS threshold of the SBS medium
  • the optical power of the noise light of each frequency is at the SBS Under the threshold, the amplified optical carrier is sent to the frequency shifter.
  • the SBS threshold of the SBS medium is a relatively constant value in a specific band such as the C band (1530 - 1560 nm band), and the calculation of the SBS threshold for a given length of the SBS medium is a prior art and will not be described again.
  • a lkm nonlinear fiber as an example, its SBS is about 6dBm.
  • the ratio of subcarrier carrier power to noise power in multicarrier is around 20 dB.
  • the power of each subcarrier can be amplified to 10 dBm.
  • the total output power of the optical amplifier is about 26 dBm.
  • the subcarrier can excite the SBS, and the noise power at this time is around -10 dBm, which is much lower than SBS.
  • Threshold power can not stimulate SBS.
  • Different gain multiples can be selected for different input lights or a gain mode with a fixed output power of the optical amplifier can be selected, so that the sub-carrier power is above the SBS threshold, and the noise optical power is below the SBS threshold.
  • a relatively fixed gain multiple or a relatively fixed optical amplifier output power can be selected for relatively fixed input light.
  • the amplified optical power can be satisfied by manually changing the gain multiplier or output power of the optical amplifier.
  • an additional optical amplification control unit can be used to adjust the gain multiplier or output power of the optical amplifier.
  • the optical amplifier may be a doped fiber amplifier EDFA, a Raman amplifier or a hybrid amplifier.
  • the optical amplifier can be a tunable amplifier.
  • the power splitter, the frequency shifter, the optical amplifier, the first circulator, and the second circulator disclosed above are polarization maintaining circulators, SBS media, isolators, and optical fibers, and may be polarization maintaining devices.
  • the optical device may further include a power monitor and a frequency shift controller.
  • the power monitor is configured to monitor the optical power of the light output from the second circulator bypass and report the monitoring result to the frequency shift controller.
  • the frequency shift controller is configured to adjust the center wavelength of the frequency shifter operation according to the monitoring result of the power monitor.
  • the power monitor is connected to the second circulator and the frequency shift controller, and the frequency shift controller is connected to the frequency shifter and the power monitor.
  • the power monitor can be connected to the second circulator through a power splitter.
  • the power monitor divides a small portion of the light from the output light, such as 1% of the output light for power monitoring.
  • the power monitor can be a diode or other power monitoring device.
  • the frequency shift controller may be composed of a voltage controlled oscillator and a control unit, and the control unit of the frequency shift controller adjusts the frequency shift of the frequency shifter by controlling the output frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator, and then passes the power.
  • the power fed back by the monitor determines whether the wavelength corresponding to the frequency shift is a center wave Long, after constant adjustment and comparison, it is found that the power feedback by the power monitor is maximum at a certain output frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator, and the corresponding frequency shift amount under the output power is the frequency shift amount used by the frequency shifter.
  • the wavelength corresponding to the amount of frequency shift is the center wavelength.
  • the SBS principle is used to actively filter out the noise of the optical carrier signal, improve the OSNR of the optical carrier, and improve the optical power of each subcarrier in the optical carrier.
  • the filtering based on the SBS principle is not sensitive to wavelength drift because the signal light and the pump light are homologous light, and the filtering effect is basically not affected by the multi-carrier wavelength drift.
  • the optical device can adaptively implement narrowband gain for each subcarrier while filtering out noise outside the subcarrier linewidth.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an optical device based on the stimulated Brillouin principle. As shown in FIG. 2, the optical device will include:
  • the power splitter includes an input port and two output ports, the input port being an input port of the optical device, one of the output ports is connected to the frequency shifter, and the other output port is connected to the second circulator.
  • the frequency shifter includes an input port and an output port, the input port being connected to the power splitter, the output port being connected to the isolator or the first circulator.
  • the second circulator includes a first port, a second port, and a third port, the first port is connected to the power splitter, and the second port is connected to stimulated Brillouin scattering SBS medium,
  • the three port is an output port of the optical device, wherein light input from the first port is output from the second port, and light input from the second port is output from the third port.
  • the SBS medium includes two ports, one of which is connected to the second circulator and the other of which is connected to the isolator or the first circulator.
  • the isolator or the first circulator includes a fourth port and a fifth port, wherein the fourth port is connected to the frequency shifter, and the fifth port is connected to the SBS medium, The light input by the fourth port is output from the fifth port, and the light input from the fifth port is isolated by the isolator, and the first circulator includes a sixth port, a seventh port, and an eighth port.
  • the sixth port is connected to the frequency shifter, the seventh port is connected to the SBS medium, and light input from the sixth port is output from the seventh port, and light input from the seventh port is Output from the eighth port.
  • the optical device further includes an optical amplifier, where the optical amplifier is located in the power splitting
  • the link between the device and the second circulator includes an input port and an output port, the input port is connected to the power splitter, and the other port is connected to the second circulator.
  • the frequency shifter further includes a frequency shift control port, the frequency shift control port is connected to the frequency shift controller; the optical device further includes a power monitor, wherein the power monitor includes two ports, one of a port is connected to the third port, and another port is connected to the frequency shift controller; the optical device further includes the frequency shift controller, and the frequency shift controller includes two ports, one of which is connected to the port The power monitor is connected to the other frequency port.
  • the frequency shifter comprises: an optical splitter, comprising an input port and at least two output ports, wherein the input port is an input port of the frequency shifter, and each output port of the optical splitter Connecting a frequency shifting device; at least two of said frequency shifting devices, each of said frequency shifting devices comprising an input port connecting said optical demultiplexer and an output port connecting said optical multiplexer; said optical multiplexer,
  • the method includes at least two connection input ports and an output port, wherein the output port is an output port of the frequency shifter, and each of the input ports of the optical multiplexer is connected to one of the frequency shifting devices.
  • the power splitter is configured to divide the optical carrier entering the power splitter into two parts, wherein a part of the optical carrier is sent to the second circulator, and another part of the optical carrier is sent to the frequency shifter.
  • the optical carrier can be single carrier light or multi-carrier light.
  • the power splitter and its working mode are the same as those of the power splitter in the first embodiment, and will not be described again.
  • a frequency shifter configured to reduce a frequency of the optical carrier from the power splitter, and send the reduced frequency optical carrier to the isolator or the first circulator.
  • the frequency shifting amount of the frequency shifter is a frequency shift amount when the output optical power of the optical device is maximized, and the amount of the optical carrier frequency decreased is a cloth of the central wavelength light in the stimulated Brillouin scattering SBS medium.
  • the eccentric frequency shift, the central wavelength light being light having a center wavelength at which the frequency shifter operates. It should be noted that, for the same input light, the center wavelength in the embodiment of the present invention is not equal to the center wavelength in the first embodiment because the direction of one frequency shift is different. The center wavelength corresponds to the frequency shift of the frequency shifter.
  • the center wavelength can be freely adjusted according to different optical carriers.
  • the process of adjusting the center wavelength is essentially a process of adjusting the frequency shift of the frequency shifter.
  • the wavelength of the light having the center wavelength is equal to the wavelength of the Brillouin gain peak point generated by the frequency shifter and the light having the wavelength after the stimulated Brillouin scattering.
  • the light having a certain wavelength ⁇ ⁇ is frequency-shifted by the frequency shifter
  • the light having the wavelength ⁇ 2 is used as the SBS frequency shift of the pump light having a certain wavelength ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ in the SBS medium passing through the optical device.
  • the Brillouin gain peak point is exactly ⁇ 2 , then the light with a certain wavelength ⁇ ⁇ is the center wavelength
  • Light, ⁇ ⁇ is the center wavelength.
  • the frequency shifter and its working mode are the same as those of the frequency shifter in the first embodiment, and will not be described again.
  • the optical carrier from the power splitter passes directly from the second circulator and enters the SBS medium as pump light, and the optical carrier from the SBS medium is output from the bypass of the second circulator as the optical device Output light.
  • An SBS medium for causing an optical carrier as a pump light from the second circulator to generate an SBS in the SBS medium, and an optical carrier as a signal light from the isolator or the first circulator
  • the subcarriers in the SBS obtain a narrowband gain in the SBS, and send the optical carrier after the gain to the second circulator, where the power of each subcarrier in the optical carrier as the pumping light is greater than
  • the SBS of the SBS is wider, and the power of the noise light of each frequency in the optical carrier as the pump light is less than the SBS threshold.
  • the SBS medium and its working mode are the same as those of the SBS medium in the first embodiment, and will not be described again.
  • the isolator or the first circulator, the optical carrier from the frequency shifter passes directly from the isolator or the first circulator, and the optical carrier from the SBS medium is isolated by the isolator or bypassed from the first circulator.
  • the components of the embodiments of the present invention may be connected by optical fibers.
  • the optical device may further include an optical amplifier disposed on a transmission path between the power splitter and the second circulator for amplifying the optical carrier from the power splitter, so that the subcarrier light of each frequency is The optical power reaches above the SBS threshold of the SBS medium, and wherein the optical power of the noise light of each frequency is below the SBS threshold, and the amplified optical carrier passes through the second circulator.
  • the optical amplifier and its operation are the same as those of the optical amplifier in the first embodiment, and will not be described again.
  • the power splitter, the frequency shifter, the optical amplifier, the first circulator, and the second circulator disclosed above are polarization maintaining circulators, SBS media, isolators, and optical fibers, and may be polarization maintaining devices.
  • the optical device may further include a power monitor and a frequency shift controller.
  • the power monitor is configured to monitor the optical power of the light output from the second circulator bypass and report the monitoring result to the frequency shift controller.
  • the frequency shift controller is configured to adjust the center wavelength of the frequency shifter operation according to the monitoring result of the power monitor.
  • the power monitor is connected to the second circulator and the frequency shift controller, and the frequency shift controller is connected to the frequency shifter and the power monitor.
  • the power monitor can be connected to the second circulator through a power splitter.
  • the power monitor divides a small portion of the light from the output light, such as 1% of the output light for power monitoring.
  • the power monitor can be a diode or other power monitor. Device.
  • the frequency shift controller may be composed of a voltage controlled oscillator and a control unit, and the control unit of the frequency shift controller adjusts the frequency shift of the frequency shifter by controlling the output frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator, and then passes the power.
  • the power fed back by the monitor determines whether the wavelength corresponding to the frequency shift is the center wavelength. After continuously adjusting and comparing, it is found that the power fed back by the power monitor is maximum at a specific output frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator, and the output power is The corresponding frequency shift amount is the frequency shift amount used by the frequency shifter, and the wavelength corresponding to the frequency shift amount is the center wavelength.
  • the light entering the respective frequencies of the optical device differs from the light outputting the respective frequencies of the optical device by a frequency shift.
  • This frequency offset can be pre-compensated by adjusting the laser wavelength before the frequency comb generator so that the wavelength of the optical carrier source after filtering is satisfactory.
  • the SBS principle is used to actively filter out the noise of the optical carrier signal, improve the OSNR of the optical carrier, and improve the optical power of each subcarrier in the optical carrier.
  • the filtering based on the SBS principle is not sensitive to wavelength drift because the signal light and the pump light are homologous light, and the filtering effect is basically not affected by the multi-carrier wavelength drift.
  • the optical device can adaptively implement narrowband gain for each subcarrier while filtering out noise outside the subcarrier linewidth.
  • Embodiment 3 A multi-carrier transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the transmitter includes:
  • the frequency comb generator comprising an input port and an output port, the input port being coupled to a laser, the output port being coupled to the narrowband filtered optical device; the narrowband filtered light
  • the device includes an input port and an output port, the input port is connected to the frequency generator, and the output port is connected to an optical splitter;
  • the optical demultiplexer includes an input port and a plurality of output ports, An input port is coupled to the narrowband filter optical device, each output port of the optical splitter being coupled to a signal modulator; a plurality of the signal modulators, each of the signal modulators including an input port and a An output port connected to the optical splitter, the output port being coupled to an optical combiner; the optical combiner comprising a plurality of input ports and an output port, the output port being the multi-carrier transmitter An output port, each input port of the optical multiplexer is coupled to a signal modulator.
  • the laser is configured to emit single-wavelength light, and the generated single-wavelength light enters a frequency comb generator connected thereto;
  • the frequency comb generator is configured to convert single-wavelength light entering the same into multi-carrier light, the multi-carrier light Entering a narrowband filtered optical device, the multicarrier light including spontaneous radiated noise and multiple waves a sub-carrier with equal intervals;
  • a narrow-band filter optical device for improving the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the multi-carrier light output by the frequency comb generator, and the multi-carrier light output by the narrow-band filter optical device enters the optical demultiplexer;
  • a plurality of subcarriers in the multicarrier light from the narrowband filter optical device wherein the plurality of subcarriers respectively enter the plurality of signal modulators for the signal modulator to modulate the signal; and the plurality of signal modulators are respectively used for The subcarriers are loaded with signals, and the plurality of signal-loaded subcarriers generated thereby enter
  • the narrowband filtered optical device can also be used to increase the optical power of each subcarrier in the multicarrier light output by the frequency comb generator.
  • the narrowband filter optical device can be a narrowband comb filter, which can be a Fabry-Perot filter, and can be an optical device in Embodiment 1 or 2 of the present invention (as shown in FIG. 4). And shown in FIG. 5), it may also be a narrow-band filter device in which the optical devices in the first or second embodiment of the present invention are cascaded, and may also be other narrow-band filter optical devices.
  • the narrowband filter device in which the optical devices in the first or second embodiment of the present invention are cascaded is as follows: The light output by the second circulator of the optical device in the first embodiment or the second embodiment of the present invention enters the latter one.
  • a power splitter of the optical device is used as input light
  • an input of the first optical device is used as input light of the narrowband filter optical device
  • an output port of the last optical device is an output port of the narrowband filter optical device It may be formed by cascading two or more such optical devices.
  • the optical device that can be used for filtering disclosed in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention is almost unaffected by wavelength drift because the signal light and the pump light are homologous, and the conventional The performance of the narrowband filter is greatly reduced or even unavailable when wavelength drift occurs.
  • a wavelength shift occurs, such as a drift of 1.5 GHz
  • the filtering performance of the Fabry-Perot filter is greatly reduced, and the optical device signals that can be used for filtering disclosed in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention are used. Only a small change in the frequency change between the light and the pump light ensures that the signal light still falls within the gain band generated by the pump light, with little effect on the filtering effect.
  • the multi-carrier transmitter disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention comprises a narrow-band filtered optical device, which has the functions of narrow-band gain and filtering, and can improve the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the signal transmitted by the multi-carrier transmitter. Can also reduce optical device insertion loss and even improve multi-carrier transmitter The optical power of the emitted signal.
  • the filtering based on the SBS principle is insensitive to wavelength drift because the signal light and the pump light are homologous light, and the filtering effect is basically not affected by the multi-carrier wavelength drift.
  • Embodiment 4 A multi-carrier transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, the transmitter includes:
  • the multi-carrier light enters the narrow-band filter optical device, and the multi-carrier light includes spontaneous emission noise and a plurality of sub-carriers with equal wavelength intervals;
  • the narrow-band filter optical device is used to improve the optical signal of the multi-carrier light output by the frequency comb generator a noise ratio, the multi-carrier light output from the narrow-band filter optical device enters the optical demultiplexer;
  • the optical demultiplexer is configured to separate the plurality of sub-carriers in the multi-carrier light from the narrow-band filtered optical device, and multiple sub-carriers enter multiple a signal modulator for modulating the signal by the signal modulator; a plurality of signal modulators for respectively loading signals on the plurality of subcarriers, and the plurality of signal-loaded sub
  • the narrowband filtered optical device can also be used to increase the optical power of each subcarrier in the multicarrier light output by the frequency comb generator.
  • the narrowband filter optical device may be a narrowband comb filter, may be a Fabry-Perot filter, may be an optical device in Embodiment 1 or 2 of the present invention, or may be The narrow-band filter device in which the optical devices in the first or second embodiment of the present invention are cascaded may also be other narrow-band filter optical devices.
  • the narrowband filter device in which the optical devices in the first or second embodiment of the present invention are cascaded is as follows:
  • the power splitter of the optical device is used as input light and can be cascaded by two or more such optical devices.
  • the connection of the plurality of lasers to the plurality of frequency comb generators may be a laser connected to a frequency comb generator, or a plurality of lasers connected to a frequency comb generator.
  • the transmitter may comprise a plurality of narrowband filtered optical devices.
  • a plurality of frequency comb generators may be connected to a narrowband filter optical device, or a frequency comb generator may be connected to a narrowband filter optical device, and the plurality of frequency comb generators may be connected to a narrowband filter optical device. Is from the multiple frequencies The light outputted from the comb generator is multiplexed into the narrowband filter optical device.
  • the multi-carrier transmitter disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention comprises a narrow-band filtered optical device, which has the functions of narrow-band gain and filtering, and can improve the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the signal transmitted by the multi-carrier transmitter. It also reduces optical device insertion loss and even increases the optical power of signals transmitted by multi-carrier transmitters.
  • the filtering based on the SBS principle is insensitive to wavelength drift because the signal light and the pump light are homologous light, and the filtering effect is basically not affected by the multi-carrier wavelength drift.
  • the optical device can adaptively implement narrowband gain for each subcarrier while filtering out noise outside the subcarrier linewidth.
  • Embodiment 5 An optical carrier processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention, the method includes: performing power splitting on an optical carrier to obtain a first partial light and a second partial light; increasing a frequency of the second partial light; The second portion of the added light is sent to the SBS medium, and the first portion of the light is sent to the stimulated Brillouin SBS medium, so that the second portion of the increased frequency occurs in the SBS medium.
  • the first partial light obtains a narrowband gain in the SBS medium; the first partial light after the narrowband gain is obtained; wherein the second portion of the optical frequency increases by the power of the first portion of the light after the narrowband gain is obtained The maximum amount of frequency shift.
  • the second portion of the increased frequency is sent to the SBS medium, the second portion of the light is amplified or the second portion of the increased frequency is amplified, such that the subcarriers of each of the frequencies
  • the optical power of the light reaches above the SBS threshold while causing the optical power of the noise light of each frequency to be below the SBS threshold.
  • the increasing the frequency of the second partial light specifically includes: dividing the second partial light into optical carriers of different wavelength bands; respectively increasing frequency of each of the optical carriers of the different wavelength bands, The amount of increase in the optical carrier frequency of each of the different bands is the amount of frequency shift when the power of the first portion of the light after the narrowband gain is maximized; and the optical carriers after all the frequencies are increased are combined and output.
  • the optical carrier is divided into two parts, one part of which is sent as signal light through the isolator or the first circulator to the stimulated Brillouin SBS medium, and the other part is sent as pump light to the frequency shifter.
  • the power splitter disclosed in the first embodiment can be used for splitting.
  • the specific splitting mode is the same as that of the power splitter in the first embodiment, and details are not described herein.
  • the frequency shifter can use the frequency shifter disclosed in the first embodiment, and the specific frequency shifting manner is the same as the frequency shifting manner of the frequency shifter in the first embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the frequency shifting amount of one of the frequency shifters having multiple frequency shifting devices may be determined when the frequency shifting amount of the other frequency shifting device is constant, and the first part of the optical power of the output is found to be the largest when the frequency shifting amount of the frequency shifting device is changed.
  • the amount of shifting frequency is determined as the optimum frequency shifting amount of the frequency shifting device, and then the frequency shifting amount of the frequency shifting device is kept unchanged, and the frequency shifting amount of other frequency shifting devices is adjusted, and the same method is used.
  • the amount of shifting of all frequency shifting devices can be obtained.
  • Light from the SBS medium is isolated by the isolator or light from the SBS medium is outputted by a bypass of the first circulator. After the split signal light passes directly through the isolator or the first circulator, the light from the SBS medium is isolated by the isolator or from the bypass of the first circulator to avoid optical crosstalk.
  • Signal light from the SBS medium is output by the bypass of the second circulator, and subcarriers in the signal light from the SBS medium obtain a narrowband gain in the SBS medium.
  • An optical carrier as a pump light from the second circulator generates an SBS in the SBS medium, and a subcarrier in an optical carrier as a signal light from the isolator or the first circulator obtains a narrowband gain in the SBS,
  • the optical carrier after the narrowband gain enters the second circulator, and the power of the subcarrier of each frequency in the optical carrier as the pumping light is greater than the SBS of the SBS, as each frequency in the optical carrier of the pumping light
  • the power of the noise light is less than the SBS threshold.
  • the signal light and the pump light enter the SBS medium from both ends of the SBS medium, respectively.
  • the power of the subcarriers of each frequency in the optical carrier as the pumping light is greater than the SBS threshold of the SBS, and the power of the noise light of each frequency in the optical carrier as the pumping light is less than the SBS threshold.
  • the SBS medium may be a single mode fiber, a dispersion compensation fiber, a high nonlinear fiber in the SBS medium, or other suitable SBS medium.
  • the SBS medium can be directly connected to the second circulator, connected to the isolator or the first circulator, or connected to them through an optical fiber.
  • the subcarriers in each pump light output gains to respective subcarriers in the SBS signal light, and the narrowband characteristic of the gain causes only subcarriers to be amplified, and noise outside the gain band cannot obtain gain, thereby improving subcarriers.
  • the proportion of power in the optical carrier source It is worth noting that for a particular band, such as the entire C-band, the SBS frequency shifts of different wavelengths of light are similar, with a maximum difference of about 215 MHz.
  • the frequency shift of the frequency shifter is a fixed value for all wavelengths, so the gain peak of the gain band except the center wavelength of the light after SBS shift can be exactly aligned with the subcarrier wavelength in the signal light.
  • the gain peak of the gain band of the other subcarriers in the pump light after the SBS frequency shift has a certain deviation from the subcarriers in the signal light, but as long as each subcarrier in the signal light falls within the gain band , then the effect of narrowband amplification can still be achieved.
  • the 3dB gain band of the doped SBS medium can reach 100MHz.
  • the subcarriers in the range of 14nm can be guaranteed to be subcarriers of the signal light after the frequency shift and SBS frequency shift of the frequency shifter. It can also fall in the 3dB gain band generated by its corresponding pump light, covering a wavelength range that satisfies the wavelength span of a typical optical carrier.
  • the subcarriers in the optical carrier span are large, although the subcarriers of some signal lights fall outside the 3dB gain band generated by the corresponding pump light, the subcarriers in the signal light still fall in the gain band.
  • the subcarriers in the signal light can still obtain a relatively significant gain, which can achieve narrowband gain and achieve filtering effect.
  • the 3dB gain band can be extended to more than 200MHz, so that when the center wavelength is aligned, the unevenly doped SBS medium can substantially ensure that the entire C-band subcarrier can fall.
  • the light input to the frequency shifter can be split-processed first, divided into two parts, three parts, or even more.
  • the multi-carriers with larger spans are further subdivided, and then respectively
  • the divided light is subjected to frequency shift processing, and after the frequency shift processing, the multiplexed wave is combined, and then multiplexed and sent to the SBS medium.
  • the SBS medium enters the frequency shift according to the different wavelength bands, which can ensure that the 3dB gain band generated by the frequency-shifted pump light in the SBS medium can include the corresponding sub-carriers, that is, it can guarantee The subcarriers corresponding to the pump light can fall within the 3 dB gain band it produces.
  • the filtering scheme disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention is not limited to the C band, and other bands may also be used.
  • the pump light before the pump light enters the SBS medium, the pump light is amplified such that the optical power of the subcarrier light of each frequency reaches above the SBS threshold, and at the same time, each frequency is The optical power of the noise light is below the SBS threshold.
  • the amplifying pump light may be an optical amplifier as disclosed in the first embodiment, and the amplification method is the same as that of the optical amplifier disclosed in the first embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the optical devices used to process the optical carrier are polarization maintaining devices.
  • a power monitor and a frequency shift controller can also be utilized to adjust the center wavelength of the frequency shifter.
  • the power monitor is configured to monitor the optical power of the light output from the second circulator bypass and report the monitoring result to the frequency shift control Device.
  • the frequency shift controller is configured to adjust the center wavelength of the frequency shifter operation according to the monitoring result of the power monitor.
  • the power monitor is connected to the second circulator and the frequency shift controller, and the frequency shift controller is connected to the frequency shifter and the power monitor.
  • the power monitor divides a small portion of the light from the output light, such as 1% of the output light for power monitoring.
  • the power monitor can be a diode or other power monitoring device.
  • the frequency shift controller may be composed of a voltage controlled oscillator and a control unit, and the control unit of the frequency shift controller adjusts the frequency shift of the frequency shifter by controlling the output frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator, and then passes the power.
  • the power fed back by the monitor determines whether the wavelength corresponding to the frequency shift is the center wavelength. After continuously adjusting and comparing, it is found that the power fed back by the power monitor is maximum at a specific output frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator, and the output power is The corresponding frequency shift amount is the frequency shift amount used by the frequency shifter, and the wavelength corresponding to the frequency shift amount is the center wavelength.
  • the frequency shifter can be composed of only one frequency shifting device.
  • the frequency shifter may also be composed of an optical splitter, at least two frequency shifting devices, and an optical combiner.
  • the optical splitter in the frequency shifter first divides the optical carrier into multiple bands of light. Then, each device for frequency shifting is separately frequency-shifted, and the frequency shifting frequency of the frequency shift of each band is different, respectively, the frequency shift of the center wavelength of each band in the SBS medium, after shifting The light is multiplexed and sent to the second circulator.
  • the frequency shifter may include: an optical splitter, configured to divide the optical carrier entering the frequency shifter into optical carriers of different frequency bands, and send the optical carriers of the different frequency bands to different frequency shifting devices respectively.
  • At least two of the frequency shifting devices are respectively configured to increase a frequency of an optical carrier entering the optical carrier, and send the increased frequency optical carrier to the optical combiner, wherein each of the frequency shifting devices is configured to enter an optical carrier thereof
  • the frequency increase is respectively the Brillouin frequency shift of each center wavelength light in the SBS medium, and each of the center wavelength lights is light having a center wavelength of operation of each of the frequency shifting devices; the optical combiner , for converging the optical carrier entering the same, and using the merged optical carrier as the output light of the frequency shifter.
  • the frequency shifter comprising a plurality of frequency shifting devices has a plurality of center wavelengths, each center wavelength corresponding to a frequency shifting device.
  • the frequency shifting device may be a single sideband signal modulator, an IQ signal modulator, or other frequency shiftable device.
  • the SBS principle is used to actively filter out the noise of the optical carrier signal, improve the OSNR of the optical carrier, and improve the subcarriers in the optical carrier.
  • Optical power At the same time, the filtering based on the SBS principle is insensitive to wavelength drift because the signal light and the pump light are homologous light, and the filtering effect is basically not affected by the multi-carrier wavelength drift.
  • the optical device can adaptively implement narrowband gain for each subcarrier while filtering out noise outside the subcarrier linewidth.
  • Embodiment 6 An optical carrier processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention, the method includes: performing power splitting on an optical carrier to obtain a first partial light and a second partial light; reducing a frequency of the first partial light; The first portion of the light is sent to the stimulated Brillouin SBS medium; the second portion of the light is sent to the stimulated Brillouin SBS medium such that the second portion of light generates SBS in the SBS medium, a first portion of the light having a reduced frequency obtains a narrowband gain in the SBS medium; an output of the first portion of the light having a narrowband gain; wherein the first portion of the optical frequency is decreased by the first portion of the light after the narrowband gain is obtained The amount of frequency shift when the power is maximum.
  • the second portion of the light is amplified such that the optical power of the subcarrier light of each frequency reaches above the SBS threshold, and wherein The optical power of the noise light of each frequency is below the SBS threshold.
  • the reducing the frequency of the first part of the light comprises: dividing the first part of the light into optical carriers of different wavelength bands; respectively, performing frequency reduction on each of the optical carriers of the different wavelength bands, where The amount of decrease in the optical carrier frequency of each of the different bands is the amount of frequency shift when the power of the first portion of the light after the narrowband gain is maximized; and the optical carriers after all the frequencies are reduced are combined and output.
  • the optical carrier is divided into two parts, wherein part of the light is sent as signal light to the frequency shifter, and the other part is sent as pump light to the stimulated Brillouin SBS medium through the second circulator, and sent to the SBS medium.
  • Each subcarrier power in the pump light is greater than an SBS threshold of the SBS medium, and a power of each frequency noise light in the pump light sent to the SBS medium is less than the SBS threshold.
  • the power splitter disclosed in the first embodiment can be used for splitting. The specific splitting mode is the same as that of the power splitter in the second embodiment, and details are not described herein.
  • the frequency shifter uses the frequency shifter to reduce the frequency of the signal light, and transmitting the reduced frequency signal light to the SBS medium through an isolator or a first circulator, wherein the signal light frequency is reduced by a central wavelength light.
  • a Brillouin frequency shift in the SBS medium the center wavelength light being light having a center wavelength of operation of the frequency shifter; optionally, the frequency shifter may utilize the shift disclosed in Embodiment 2
  • the frequency shifting manner of the frequency converter is the same as that of the frequency shifter in the first embodiment, and will not be described again.
  • the frequency shifting amount of one of the frequency shifters having multiple frequency shifting devices can be determined by the frequency shifting amount of other frequency shifting devices
  • the time is constant, by changing the frequency shifting amount of the frequency shifting device, the amount of frequency shift when the first partial optical power of the output is maximum is found, and determining the frequency shifting amount is the optimal frequency shifting amount of the frequency shifting device, and then maintaining the The frequency shifting component of the frequency shifting device does not change, and the frequency shifting amount of other frequency shifting devices is adjusted.
  • the frequency shifting amount of all frequency shifting devices can be obtained by the same method.
  • Light from the SBS medium is isolated by the isolator or light from the SBS medium is output by a bypass of the first circulator. After the split signal light passes directly through the isolator or the first circulator, the light from the SBS medium is isolated by the isolator or from the bypass of the first circulator to avoid optical crosstalk.
  • Signal light from the SBS medium is output by the bypass of the second circulator, and subcarriers in the signal light from the SBS medium obtain a narrowband gain in the SBS medium.
  • An optical carrier as a pump light from the second circulator generates an SBS in the SBS medium, and a subcarrier in an optical carrier as a signal light from the isolator or the first circulator obtains a narrowband gain in the SBS,
  • the optical carrier after the narrowband gain enters the second circulator, and the power of the subcarrier of each frequency in the optical carrier as the pumping light is greater than the SBS of the SBS, as each frequency in the optical carrier of the pumping light
  • the power of the noise light is less than the SBS threshold.
  • the signal light and the pump light enter the SBS medium from both ends of the SBS medium, respectively.
  • the power of the subcarriers of each frequency in the optical carrier as the pumping light is greater than the SBS threshold of the SBS, and the power of the noise light of each frequency in the optical carrier as the pumping light is less than the SBS threshold.
  • the SBS medium may be a single mode fiber, a dispersion compensation fiber, a high nonlinear fiber in the SBS medium, or other suitable SBS medium.
  • the SBS medium can be directly connected to the second circulator, connected to the isolator or the first circulator, or connected to them through an optical fiber.
  • the subcarriers in each pump light output gains to respective subcarriers in the SBS signal light, and the narrowband characteristic of the gain causes only subcarriers to be amplified, and noise outside the gain band cannot obtain gain, thereby improving subcarriers.
  • the proportion of power in the optical carrier source It is worth noting that for a particular band, such as the entire C-band, the SBS frequency shifts of different wavelengths of light are similar, with a maximum difference of about 215 MHz.
  • the frequency shift of the frequency shifter is a fixed value for all wavelengths, so the gain peak of the gain band except the center wavelength of the light after SBS shift can be exactly aligned with the subcarrier wavelength in the signal light.
  • the gain peak of the gain band of the other subcarriers in the pump light after the SBS frequency shift has a certain deviation from the subcarriers in the signal light, but as long as each subcarrier in the signal light falls. Within the benefit band, then the narrowband amplification effect can still be achieved.
  • the 3dB gain band of the doped SBS medium can reach 100MHz.
  • the subcarriers in the range of 14nm can be guaranteed to have subcarriers of the signal subcarriers after the frequency shift and SBS frequency shift of the frequency shifter. It can fall in the 3dB gain band generated by its corresponding pump light, and it can cover the wavelength range of the general optical carrier.
  • the subcarriers in the optical carrier span are large, although the subcarriers of some signal lights fall outside the 3dB gain band generated by the corresponding pump light, the subcarriers in the signal light still fall in the gain band. In the case of the 3dB gain band but within the 6dB gain band, the subcarriers in the signal light can still obtain a relatively significant gain, which can achieve narrowband gain and achieve filtering effect.
  • the 3dB gain band can be extended to more than 200MHz, so that when the center wavelength is aligned, the unevenly doped SBS medium can substantially ensure that the entire C-band subcarrier can fall.
  • the light input to the frequency shifter can be split-processed first, divided into two parts, three parts, or even more.
  • the multi-carriers with larger spans are further subdivided, and then respectively
  • the divided light is subjected to frequency shift processing, and after the frequency shift processing, the multiplexed wave is combined, and then multiplexed and sent to the SBS medium.
  • the SBS medium enters the frequency shift according to the different wavelength bands, which can ensure that the 3dB gain band generated by the frequency-shifted pump light in the SBS medium can include the corresponding sub-carriers, that is, it can guarantee The subcarriers corresponding to the pump light can fall within the 3 dB gain band it produces.
  • the filtering scheme disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention is not limited to the C band, and other bands may also be used.
  • the pump light before the pump light enters the SBS medium, the pump light is amplified such that the optical power of the subcarrier light of each frequency reaches above the SBS threshold, and at the same time, each frequency is The optical power of the noise light is below the SBS threshold.
  • the amplifying pump light may be an optical amplifier as disclosed in the first embodiment, and the amplification method is the same as that of the optical amplifier disclosed in the first embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the optical devices used to process the optical carrier are polarization maintaining devices.
  • a power monitor and a frequency shift controller can also be utilized to adjust the center wavelength of the frequency shifter.
  • the power monitor is configured to monitor the optical power of the light output from the second circulator bypass and report the monitoring result to the frequency shift controller.
  • the frequency shift controller is configured to adjust the center wavelength of the frequency shifter operation according to the monitoring result of the power monitor.
  • the power monitor is connected to the second circulator and the frequency shift controller, and the frequency shift controller is connected to the frequency shifter and the power monitor.
  • the power monitor divides a small portion of the light from the output light, such as 1% of the output light for power monitoring.
  • the power monitor can be a diode or other power monitor.
  • the frequency shift controller may be composed of a voltage controlled oscillator and a control unit, and the control unit of the frequency shift controller adjusts the frequency shift of the frequency shifter by controlling the output frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator, and then passes the power.
  • the power fed back by the monitor determines whether the wavelength corresponding to the frequency shift is the center wavelength. After continuously adjusting and comparing, it is found that the power fed back by the power monitor is maximum at a specific output frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator, and the output power is The corresponding frequency shift amount is the frequency shift amount used by the frequency shifter, and the wavelength corresponding to the frequency shift amount is the center wavelength.
  • the frequency shifter can be composed of only one frequency shifting device.
  • the frequency shifter may also be composed of an optical splitter, at least two frequency shifting devices, and an optical combiner.
  • the optical splitter in the frequency shifter first divides the optical carrier into multiple bands of light. Then, each device for frequency shifting is separately frequency-shifted, and the frequency shifting frequency of the frequency shift of each band is different, respectively, the frequency shift of the center wavelength of each band in the SBS medium, after shifting The light is multiplexed and sent to the second circulator.
  • the frequency shifter may include: an optical splitter, configured to divide the optical carrier entering the frequency shifter into optical carriers of different frequency bands, and send the optical carriers of the different frequency bands to different frequency shifting devices respectively.
  • At least two of the frequency shifting devices are respectively configured to reduce a frequency of an optical carrier entering the optical carrier, and send the reduced frequency optical carrier to the optical multiplexer, wherein each of the frequency shifting devices is configured to enter an optical carrier thereof
  • the amount of frequency reduction is respectively the Brillouin frequency shift of each center wavelength light in the SBS medium, and each of the center wavelength lights is light having a center wavelength of operation of each of the frequency shifting devices; the optical combiner , for converging the optical carrier entering the same, and using the merged optical carrier as the output light of the frequency shifter.
  • the frequency shifter comprising a plurality of frequency shifting devices has a plurality of center wavelengths, each center wavelength corresponding to a frequency shifting device.
  • the frequency shifting device may be a single sideband signal modulator, an IQ signal modulator, or other frequency shiftable device.
  • the SBS principle is used to actively filter out the noise of the optical carrier signal, improve the OSNR of the optical carrier, and improve the optical power of each subcarrier in the optical carrier.
  • the filtering based on the SBS principle is insensitive to wavelength drift because the signal light and the pump light are homologous light, and the filtering effect is basically not affected by the multi-carrier wavelength drift.
  • the optical device can adaptively implement narrowband gain for each subcarrier while filtering out noise outside the subcarrier linewidth.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种光器件和多载波发射机。这种光器件包括功率分光器、移频器、第二环行器、隔离器或者第一环行器、SBS介质。这种光器件利用同源的信号光和泵浦光在SBS介质中的受激布里渊散射滤除输入光带外噪声，对于波长漂移不敏感，滤波效果基本不受多载波波长漂移的影响。利用了这种光器件的多载波发射机在发射端能主动滤除多载波光信号的噪声，提高多载波光的OSNR的同时还能提高多载波光中各子载波的光功率。

Description

一种处理光载波的方法、 光器件和多载波发射机 技术领域 本发明涉及光通信技术领域， 具体涉及一种处理光载波的方法、 光器件 和多载波发射机。 背景技术
大数据量业务的出现， 推动了多载波传输的出现。 多载波传输是指一个 高速业务用多个波长来传输， 每个波长都是一个子载波， 承担该高速业务 中的部分业务量。 所有子载波构成的传输信道称为超通道。 为提高超通道 内频谱利用效率， 需要尽量减小子载波间的波长保护间隔。 因为各个子载 波中的波长存在一定的波长漂移，狭窄的波长保护间隔容易导致各子载波间 的窜扰。 因此， 为了在提高频谱利用效率的同时又能保证传输性能， 超通道 需要稳定性更高的多载波光源。
目前解决这个问题常用的方案是在多载波中的子载波生成阶段引入光频 率梳发生器。 光频率梳发生器的基本原理是利用一个频率梳发生装置， 将一 个输入波长转化成多个等间隔的子载波， 得到一个多载波光源。 由此生成的 各子载波来自同一个输入波长， 所以它们具有同样的波长漂移， 从而由它们 组成的多载波光源具有相对较高的稳定性。
然而， 引入光频率梳发生器会带来很大的光功率插入损耗， 所以光频率 梳发生器内通常配备有多级的掺饵光纤放大器 EDFA, 用于放大光功率。 但 是， 多级 EDFA的放大会给多载波光源带来大量的自发辐射 ASE噪声。 这种 多载波光源的子载波经过多载波发射机分波、 调制、 合波等步骤进入光纤， 同时也将大量的 ASE噪声带入了传输链路。 这些 ASE噪声会降低光信号的 光信噪比 OSNR, 导致误码率升高， 影响传输质量。 发明内容
为滤除光载波中的 ASE噪声， 提高光载波的 OSNR, 同时保证滤波效果 不受光载波波长漂移的影响， 本发明实施例提供了一种处理光载波的方法、 光器件以及一种多载波发射机， 具体的：
根据本发明实施例的第一方面， 提供一种光器件， 所述光器件包括功率 分光器、移频器、隔离器或者第一环行器、第二环行器和受激布里渊散射 SBS 介质； 所述功率分光器， 包括一个输入端口和两个输出端口， 该输入端口为 所述光器件的输入端口， 其中一个输出端口连接移频器， 另一个输出端口通 过所述隔离器或者所述第一环行器与所述 SBS介质连接； 所述移频器， 所述 移频器的输入端口连接所述功率分光器， 所述移频器的输出端口连接所述第 二环行器； 所述第二环行器， 包括第一端口、 第二端口和第三端口， 所述第 一端口连接所述移频器， 所述第二端口连接所述 SBS介质， 所述第三端口为 所述光器件的输出端口， 其中， 从所述第一端口输入的光从所述第二端口输 出， 从所述第二端口输入的光从所述第三端口输出； 所述 SBS介质， 包括两 个端口， 其中一个端口连接所述第二环行器， 另一个端口通过所述隔离器或 者所述第一环行器与所述功率分光器连接； 所述隔离器， 包括第四端口和第 五端口，其中所述第四端口连接所述功率分光器，所述第五端口连接所述 SBS 介质， 从所述第四端口输入的光从所述第五端口输出， 从所述第五端口输入 的光被所述隔离器隔离； 所述第一环行器， 包括第六端口、 第七端口和第八 端口，所述第六端口连接所述功率分光器，所述第七端口连接所述 SBS介质， 从所述第六端口输入的光从所述第七端口输出， 从所述第七端口输入的光从 所述第八端口输出。
在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中， 所述光器件还包括光放大器， 所述光放大器位于所述功率分光器与所述移频器之间的链路中， 所述光放大 器的输入端口连接所述功率分光器， 所述光放大器的输出端口连接所述移频 器； 或者， 所述光器件还包括光放大器， 所述光放大器位于所述移频器与所 述第二环行器之间的链路中， 所述光放大器的输入端口连接所述移频器， 所 述光放大器的输出端口连接所述第二环行器。
在第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中， 所述光器件还包括移频控制器 和功率监测器； 所述移频控制器包括两个端口， 其中一个端口连接所述功率 监测器， 另一个端口连接所述移频器的移频控制端口； 所述功率监测器包括 两个端口， 其中一个端口与所述第三端口连接， 另一端口与所述移频控制器 连接 。 在第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述移频器可以包括光分波器、 至少两个所述移频器件和光合波器； 光分波器， 包括一个输入端口和至少两 个输出端口， 所述光分波器的输入端口为所述移频器的输入端口， 所述光分 波器的每个输出端口连接一个移频器件； 至少两个所述移频器件， 每个所述 移频器件的输入端口连接所述光分波器， 每个所述移频器件的输出端口与光 合波器相连； 所述光合波器， 包括至少两个连接输入端口和一个输出端口， 所述光合波器的输出端口为所述移频器的输出端口， 所述光合波器的每个输 入端口连接一个所述移频器件。
在第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式中， 所述移频器对输入所述移频器 的光增加的频移量为使得所述光器件输出光功率最大时的频移量。 可选的， 所述光放大器用于放大进入其的光载波， 使得该光载波中的每个频率的子载 波光的光功率达到所述 SBS介质的 SBS阔值之上，同时使得其中各个频率的 噪声光的光功率处于所述 SBS阔值之下。 可选的， 所述功率分光器为保偏功 率分光器； 所述移频器为保偏移频器； 所述光放大器为保偏光放大器； 所述 第一环行器、所述第二环行器为保偏环行器；所述 SBS介质为保偏 SBS介质； 所述隔离器为保偏隔离器； 所述 SBS介质是单模光纤、 色散补偿光纤或者高 非线性光纤。
根据本发明实施例所揭示的光器件， 利用受激布里渊散射 （stimulated Brillouin scattering, SBS )原理主动滤除光载波的噪声，提高光载波的 OSNR。 同时， 基于 SBS原理的滤波由于信号光和泵浦光为同源光， 对于波长漂移不 敏感， 滤波效果基本不受光载波波长漂移的影响。 此外， 对于多个激光器发 射的多组波长间隔不同的子载波， 该光器件可自适应地实现对各个子载波的 窄带增益， 而对于子载波线宽之外的噪声进行滤除， 在存在光放大器时还能 提高光载波中各子载波的光功率。
根据本发明实施例的第二方面， 提供一种光器件， 所述光器件包括功率 分光器、移频器、隔离器或者第一环行器、第二环行器和受激布里渊散射 SBS 介质； 所述功率分光器， 包括一个输入端口和两个输出端口， 该输入端口为 所述光器件的输入端口， 其中一个输出端口连接移频器， 另一个输出端口连 接所述第二环行器； 所述移频器， 所述移频器的输入端口连接所述功率分光 器， 所述移频器的输出端口通过所述隔离器或者所述第一环行器与所述 SBS 介质连接； 所述第二环行器， 包括第一端口、 第二端口和第三端口， 所述第 一端口连接所述功率分光器， 所述第二端口连接所述 SBS介质， 所述第三端 口为所述光器件的输出端口， 其中， 从所述第一端口输入的光从所述第二端 口输出， 从所述第二端口输入的光从所述第三端口输出； 所述 SBS介质， 包 括两个端口， 其中一个端口连接所述第二环行器， 另一个端口通过所述隔离 器或者所述第一环行器与所述移频器连接； 所述隔离器， 包括第四端口和第 五端口， 其中所述第四端口连接所述移频器， 所述第五端口连接所述 SBS介 质， 从所述第四端口输入的光从所述第五端口输出， 从所述第五端口输入的 光被所述隔离器隔离； 所述第一环行器， 包括第六端口、 第七端口和第八端 口， 所述第六端口连接所述移频器， 所述第七端口连接所述 SBS介质， 从所 述第六端口输入的光从所述第七端口输出， 从所述第七端口输入的光从所述 第八端口输出。
在第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式中， 所述光器件还包括光放大器， 所述光放大器位于所述功率分光器与所述第二环行器之间的链路中， 所述光 放大器的输入端口连接所述功率分光器， 所述光放大器的输出端口连接所述 第二环行器。
在第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式中， 所述光器件还包括移频控制器 和功率监测器； 所述移频控制器包括两个端口， 其中一个端口连接所述功率 监测器， 另一个端口连接所述移频器的移频控制端口； 所述功率监测器包括 两个端口， 其中一个端口与所述第三端口连接， 另一端口与所述移频控制器 连接 。
在第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述移频器可以包括光分波器、 至少两个所述移频器件和光合波器； 光分波器， 包括一个输入端口和至少两 个输出端口， 所述光分波器的输入端口为所述移频器的输入端口， 所述光分 波器的每个输出端口连接一个移频器件； 至少两个所述移频器件， 每个所述 移频器件的输入端口连接所述光分波器， 每个所述移频器件的输出端口与光 合波器相连； 所述光合波器， 包括至少两个连接输入端口和一个输出端口， 所述光合波器的输出端口为所述移频器的输出端口， 所述光合波器的每个输 入端口连接一个所述移频器件。
在第二方面的第四种可能的实现方式中， 所述移频器对输入所述移频器 的光降低的频移量为使得所述光器件输出光功率最大时的频移量。 可选的， 所述光放大器用于放大进入其的光载波， 使得该光载波中的每个频率的子载 波光的光功率达到所述 SBS介质的 SBS阔值之上，同时使得其中各个频率的 噪声光的光功率处于所述 SBS阔值之下。 可选的， 所述功率分光器为保偏功 率分光器； 所述移频器为保偏移频器； 所述光放大器为保偏光放大器； 所述 第一环行器、所述第二环行器为保偏环行器；所述 SBS介质为保偏 SBS介质； 所述隔离器为保偏隔离器； 所述 SBS介质是单模光纤、 色散补偿光纤或者高 非线性光纤。
根据本发明实施例所揭示的光器件， 利用受激布里渊散射 （stimulated Brillouin scattering, SBS )原理主动滤除光载波的噪声，提高光载波的 OSNR, 在存在光放大器时还能提高光载波中各子载波的光功率。 同时， 基于 SBS原 理的滤波由于信号光和泵浦光为同源光， 对于波长漂移不敏感， 滤波效果基 本不受光载波波长漂移的影响。 此外， 对于多个激光器发射的多组波长间隔 不同的子载波， 该光器件可自适应地实现对各个子载波的窄带增益， 而对于 子载波线宽之外的噪声进行滤除。
根据本发明实施例的第三方面， 还提供了一种多载波发射机， 具体的： 所述多载波发射机包括： 激光器， 该激光器的输出端口与频率梳发生器连接； 所述频率梳发生器， 所述频率梳发生器的输入端口与激光器连接， 所述频率 梳发生器的输出端口与本发明实施例的第一或二方面中的光器件中的任意一 种光器件连接； 所述光器件， 所述光器件的输入端口与所述频率梳发生器连 接， 所述光器件的输出端口与光分波器连接； 所述光分波器， 所述光分波器 的输入端口与所述窄带滤波光器件连接， 所述光分波器的每个输出端口与一 个信号调制器连接； 多个所述信号调制器， 每个所述信号调制器包括一个输 入端口和一个输出端口， 每个所述信号调制器的输入端口与所述光分波器连 接， 每个所述信号调制器的输出端口与光合波器连接； 所述光合波器， 包括 多个输入端口和一个输出端口， 所述光合波器的输出端口为所述多载波发射 机的输出端口， 所述光合波器的每个输入端口与一个信号调制器连接。
在第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式中， 所述多载波发射机包括一个以 上所述激光器和一个以上的所述频率梳发生器； 每个所述激光器与一个所述 频率梳发生器连接。 根据本发明实施例所揭示的多载波发射机， 利用受激布里渊散射
( stimulated Brillouin scattering, SBS )原理主动滤除发射端多载波的噪声， 提高多载波的 OSNR, 在存在光放大器时还能提高多载波中各子载波的光功 率。 同时， 基于 SBS原理的滤波由于信号光和泵浦光为同源光， 对于波长漂 移不敏感， 滤波效果基本不受光载波波长漂移的影响。 此外， 对于多个激光 器发射的多组波长间隔不同的子载波， 该光器件可自适应地实现对各个子载 波的窄带增益， 而对于子载波线宽之外的噪声进行滤除。
根据本发明实施例的第四方面， 还提供一种光载波处理方法， 具体的： 将光载波进行功率分割获得第一部分光和第二部分光； 增加所述第二部 分光的频率； 将频率增加后的第二部分光送入所述 SBS介质， 将所述第一部 分光送往受激布里渊 SBS 介质， 使得所述频率增加后的第二部分光在所述 SBS介质中发生 SBS , 所述第一部分光在所述 SBS介质内得到窄带增益； 输 出得到窄带增益后的第一部分光； 其中， 所述第二部分光频率增加的量为所 述得到窄带增益后的第一部分光的功率最大时的频移量。
在第四方面的第一种可能的实现方式中， 可选的， 在将频率增加后的第 二部分光送入所述 SBS介质之前， 放大所述第二部分光或者放大所述频率增 加后的第二部分光， 使得其中每个频率的子载波光的光功率达到所述 SBS阔 值之上， 同时使得其中各个频率的噪声光的光功率处于所述 SBS阔值之下。
在第四方面的第而种可能的实现方式中， 可选的， 所述增加所述第二部 分光的频率具体包括： 将所述第二部分光分成不同的波段的光载波； 对每个 所述不同的波段的光载波分别进行频率的增加， 其中， 每个所述不同的波段 的光载波频率增加的量为所述得到窄带增益后的第一部分光的功率最大时的 频移量； 汇合所有频率增加后的光载波并输出。
根据本发明实施例的第五方面， 还提供一种光载波处理方法， 具体的： 将光载波进行功率分割获得第一部分光和第二部分光； 降低所述第一部 分光的频率； 将降低频率后的第一部分光送往受激布里渊 SBS介质； 将第二 部分光送入所述受激布里渊 SBS介质，使得所述第二部分光在所述 SBS介质 中发生 SBS，所述频率降低后的第一部分光在所述 SBS介质内得到窄带增益； 输出得到窄带增益后的第一部分光； 其中， 所述第一部分光频率降低的量为 所述得到窄带增益后的第一部分光的功率最大时的频移量。 在第五方面的第一种可能的实现方式中， 在将第二部分光送入所述 SBS 介质之前， 放大所述第二部分光， 使得其中每个频率的子载波光的光功率达 到所述 SBS 阔值之上， 同时使得其中各个频率的噪声光的光功率处于所述 SBS阔值之下。
在第五方面的第二种可能的实现方式中， 将所述第一部分光分成不同的 波段的光载波； 对每个所述不同的波段的光载波分别进行频率的降低， 其中， 每个所述不同的波段的光载波频率降低的量为所述得到窄带增益后的第一部 分光的功率最大时的频移量； 汇合所有频率降低后的光载波并输出。
根据本发明实施例第四及第五方面所揭示的处理光载波的方法， 利用受 激布里渊散射 ( stimulated Brillouin scattering, SBS )原理主动滤除光载波的 噪声， 提高光载波的 OSNR。 同时， 基于 SBS原理的滤波由于信号光和泵浦 光为同源光， 对于波长漂移不敏感， 滤波效果基本不受光载波波长漂移的影 响。 此外， 对于多个激光器发射的多组波长间隔不同的子载波， 该光器件可 自适应地实现对各个子载波的窄带增益， 而对于子载波线宽之外的噪声进行 滤除， 在存在光放大器时还能提高光载波中各子载波的光功率。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明及相关实施例， 提供以下附图：
图 1为本发明实施例一中提供的光器件的结构图；
图 2为本发明实施例二中提供的光器件的结构图；
图 3为本发明实施例三中提供的多载波发射机的结构图；
图 4为本发明实施例三中提供的多载波发射机的结构图；
图 5为本发明实施例三中提供的多载波发射机的结构图；
图 6为本发明实施例四中提供的多载波发射机的结构图。 具体实施例
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚明白， 下面结合实施例和 附图， 对本发明做进一步详细说明。 在此， 本发明的示意性实施例及其说明 用于解释本发明， 但并不作为对本发明的限定。
实施例一： 本发明实施例提供一种光器件， 如图 1所示， 具体的： 所述光器件包括功率分光器、 移频器、 隔离器或者第一环行器、 第二环 行器和受激布里渊散射 SBS介质。
所述功率分光器， 包括一个输入端口和两个输出端口， 该输入端口为所 述光器件的输入端口， 其中一个输出端口连接移频器， 另一个输出端口通过 所述隔离器或者所述第一环行器与所述 SBS介质连接。
所述移频器， 所述移频器的输入端口连接所述功率分光器， 所述移频器 的输出端口连接所述第二环行器；这里所说的连接可以是直接通过光纤连接， 也可以是间接的连接， 比如， 通过链路中间的一个光放大器相互连接。
所述第二环行器， 包括第一端口、 第二端口和第三端口， 所述第一端口 连接所述移频器， 所述第二端口连接所述 SBS介质， 所述第三端口为所述光 器件的输出端口， 其中， 从所述第一端口输入的光从所述第二端口输出， 从 所述第二端口输入的光从所述第三端口输出。
所述 SBS介质， 包括两个端口， 其中一个端口连接所述第二环行器， 另 一个端口通过所述隔离器或者所述第一环行器与所述功率分光器连接。 SBS 介质是指能用于发生受激布里渊散射的介质， 一般具有较小的吸收系数， 具 有较高的增益系数高和较短的声子寿命， 并且具有较高的稳定性。
所述隔离器， 包括第四端口和第五端口， 其中所述第四端口连接所述功 率分光器， 所述第五端口连接所述 SBS介质， 从所述第四端口输入的光从所 述第五端口输出， 从所述第五端口输入的光被所述隔离器隔离； 所述第一环 行器， 包括第六端口、 第七端口和第八端口， 所述第六端口连接所述功率分 光器， 所述第七端口连接所述 SBS介质， 从所述第六端口输入的光从所述第 七端口输出， 从所述第七端口输入的光从所述第八端口输出。 这里可以选用 隔离器， 也可以选用第一环行器， 当选用第一环行器时， 第八端口的输出光 不是整个光器件的输出光， 但可用于探测功率等， 也可直接废弃。
可选的， 所述光器件还包括光放大器， 所述光放大器位于所述功率分光 器与所述移频器之间的链路中， 包括一个输入端口和一个输出端口， 该输入 端口连接所述功率分光器， 该输出端口连接所述移频器； 或者， 所述光器件 还包括光放大器， 所述光放大器位于所述移频器与所述第二环行器之间的链 路中， 包括一个输入端口和一个输出端口， 该输入端口连接所述移频器， 另 一个端口连接所述第二环行器。 可选的， 所述移频器还包括一个移频控制端口， 该移频控制端口连接移 频控制器； 所述光器件还包括功率监测器， 所述功率监测器包括两个端口， 其中一个端口与所述第三端口连接， 另一端口与所述移频控制器连接； 所述 光器件还包括所述移频控制器， 所述移频控制器包括两个端口， 其中一个端 口连接所述功率监测器， 另一个端口连接所述移频器。
可选的， 所述移频器包括： 光分波器， 包括一个输入端口和至少两个输 出端口， 该输入端口为所述移频器的输入端口， 该光分波器的每个输出端口 连接一个移频器件； 至少两个所述移频器件， 每个所述移频器件包括一个连 接所述光分波器的输入端口和一个连接光合波器的输出端口；所述光合波器， 包括至少两个连接输入端口和一个输出端口， 该输出端口为所述移频器的输 出端口， 该光合波器的每个输入端口连接一个所述移频器件。
具体的， 其中， 功率分光器， 用于将接收到的光载波分成两部分， 其中 一部分光载波送往隔离器或者第一环行器， 另一部分光载波送往移频器。 光 载波可以是单载波光， 也可以是多载波光。 两部分光的分配比例可选， 通过 隔离器或者第一环行器的进入 SBS介质的那部分光作为 SBS信号光，功率不 必很大，不大于 SBS阔值， 因为这部分光载波中的噪声还是会带入输出光中。 进入移频器的那部分光的各个波长的噪声光的光功率不能大于 SBS阔值， 如 果一开始某一频率的噪声光光功率就大于 SBS阔值， 这一频率的噪声光也会 发生 SBS , 从而把信号光中对应的噪声光也进行放大增益带入输出光中。 对 于该光器件， 需要保证从第二环行器进入 SBS介质的作为泵浦光中的各子载 波的光功率需大于该 SBS介质的 SBS阔值，而该泵浦光中的噪声光的光功率 需小于该 SBS阔值。 因为一般来说，子载波功率与噪声功率相差大 4既有 20dB 左右， 对于功率足够的输入光， 只要经过合适的分光即可满足上述要求， 对 于功率不足的输入光， 可选的， 可以在该输入光进入该光器件之前用光放大 器先进行合适的放大， 只要放大后的光其中的各子载波光功率大于该 SBS阔 值而其中的噪声光光功率小于该 SBS阔值，经过合适的分光能满足以上要求。 当然， 可选的， 也可以针对经过移频器、 第二环行器作为泵浦光进入 SBS介 质的那部分光， 在从功率分光器到 SBS介质的传输路径上增加一个或多个光 放大器， 用以使这部分光中的子载波功率能达到 SBS阔值之上。
移频器， 用于增加来自所述功率分光器的光载波的频率， 将频率经过增 加后的光载波送往第二环行器， 其中， 所述移频器的频移量为使得所述光器 件输出光功率最大时的频移量。 一般来说， 对于特定的输入光， 当该光器件 输出的光功率最大时， 可以认为此时的频移量为最佳， 此时移频器的频移量 为所述移频器工作的中心波长的光在 SBS介质中的布里渊频移量， 此时移频 器的移频量对应的波长即为该移频器工作的中心波长。 中心波长与频移量的 对应关系与布里渊频移量计算公式 VB = 2nVA p相同，式中 η为 SBS介质折 射率， VB为布里渊频移量， VA为声波在该 SBS介质中的传播速度， λ ρ即为 中心波长。 该中心波长跟移频器搬移的频移量是对应的， 该中心波长可根据 不同的光载波自由调节， 调节中心波长的过程实质上就是调节移频器搬移的 频移量的过程。 当具有某波长 λ ι的光经过移频器频移后得到的具有波长 λ 2 的光在该光器件中的 SBS介质中的频移量，正好等于移频器所搬移的频移量， 也即该 λ 1波长光经过移频和 SBS两个步骤后得到的光的波长恰好也是 λ 1 那么该波长光经过移频器移频后的光 λ 2波长的光即为中心波长光， λ 2即为 中心波长。 波长为 λ 2的中心波长光的布里渊增益峰值点正好出现在 λ ι波长 处， 故波长为人 的信号光能得到最大的增益， 输出光的功率最大。 所以一般 来说， 当该光器件输出的光功率最大时， 可以认为中心波长已对准， 此时的 工作波长即为中心波长。 对于输入该光器件的光相对较为固定的情况下， 移 频器的中心波长可以是固定的。 可选的， 也可以通过手动改变移频器的驱动 频率调节该滤波器的中心波长使其能应用于不同的输入光。 可选的， 还可通 过附加移频控制器专门用于调节中心波长。 可选的， 移频器可以只由一个移 频器件组成。 可选的， 移频器也可以由一个光分波器、 至少两个移频器件以 及一个光合波器组成， 移频器中的光分波器先把光载波分为多个波段的光， 然后各个用于移频的器件分别移频， 此时各个波段的光的移频的频移量分别 是不同的， 分别为各个波段的中心波长在 SBS介质中的频移量， 移频后的光 经合波送往第二环行器。 具体的， 该移频器可以包括： 光分波器， 用于将进 入移频器的光载波分成不同的波段的光载波， 将所述不同的波段的光载波分 别送入不同的移频器件； 至少两个所述移频器件， 分别用于增加进入其的光 载波的频率， 并将频率经过增加的光载波送往光合波器， 其中， 各个所述移 频器件对于进入其的光载波的频率增加的量分别为各个中心波长光在所述 SBS介质中的布里渊频移量， 所述各个中心波长光分别为具有各个所述移频 器件工作的中心波长的光； 光合波器， 用于汇合进入其的光载波， 并将汇合 后的光载波作为所述移频器的输出光。 这种包含多个移频器件的移频器具有 多个中心波长， 每个中心波长跟一个移频器件对应。 可选的， 移频器件可以 是单边带信号调制器， 也可以是 IQ信号调制器， 也可以是其他可以移频的器 件。特定波长的光在特定 SBS介质中的布里渊频移量为定值， 跟 SBS介质的 折射率及声波在该介质中的速度等因素有关， 其计算公式为 VB = 2nVA p, 式中 n为 SBS介质折射率， VB为布里渊频移量， VA为声波在该 SBS介质中 的传播速度， λ ρ为进入该 SBS介质的光波长。
第二环行器， 来自移频器的光载波从第二环行器直接通过并作为泵浦光 进入 SBS介质，来自所述 SBS介质的光载波从第二环行器的旁路输出作为该 光器件的输出光。
SBS介质， 来自第二环行器的作为泵浦光的光载波在所述 SBS介质内发 生 SBS, 来自隔离器或第一环行器的作为信号光的光载波中的子载波在所述 SBS 内得到窄带增益， 经过窄带增益后的光载波进入第二环行器， 作为泵浦 光的光载波中的每个频率的子载波的功率大于该 SBS的 SBS阔值，作为泵浦 光的光载波中的每个频率的噪声光的功率小于 SBS阔值。 信号光与泵浦光分 别从 SBS介质的两端进入 SBS介质。 可选的，作为泵浦光的光载波中的每个 频率的子载波的功率大于该 SBS的 SBS阔值，作为泵浦光的光载波中的每个 频率的噪声光的功率小于 SBS阔值可通过在输入光进入该光器件之前进行合 适的光放大实现， 或者可以通过在该光器件内部的传输路经中加入一个或多 个光放大器实现。 可选的， 该 SBS介质可以是单模光纤， 也可以色散补偿光 纤， 也可以是高非线性光纤在 SBS介质中， 还可以是其他合适的 SBS介质。 可选的， SBS介质可以直接与第二环行器连接， 与隔离器或者第一环行器连 接， 也可以通过光纤与它们连接。 每个泵浦光中的子载波往 SBS信号光中各 自对应的子载波输出增益， 增益的窄带特性使得只有子载波被放大， 而增益 带之外的噪声无法获得增益， 从而提高了子载波在光载波源中的功率比例。 值得说明的是， 对于某一特定波段比如整个 C波段， 不同波长光的 SBS频移 量相近， 最大差别约为 215ΜΗζ。 然而移频器所搬移的频移量对于所有波长 来说是一个定值， 所以除了中心波长的光经过 SBS频移后的增益带的增益峰 值点能恰好与信号光中的子载波波长对准外， 泵浦光中其他子载波的光经过 SBS频移后的增益带的增益峰值点与信号光中的子载波都会有一定偏差， 但 只要信号光中的各子载波还落在增益带内， 那么窄带放大的效果依然可以实 现。 一般经过掺杂的 SBS介质的 3dB增益带可以达到 100MHz, 在中心波长 对准时， 能保证相差 14nm范围内的子载波在经过移频器的频移和 SBS频移 后， 其信号光的子载波还能落在与其对应的泵浦光产生的 3dB增益带中， 其 覆盖的波长范围能满足一般光载波的波长跨度。 当光载波中的子载波跨度较 大时， 虽然某些信号光的子载波落在了与其对应的泵浦光产生的 3dB增益带 之外， 但其信号光中的子载波仍然落在增益带中， 如在 3dB增益带之外但在 6dB 增益带之内， 信号光中的子载波仍能得到较为显著的增益， 可以实现窄 带增益并且实现滤波的效果。 同时， 经过对 SBS介质的不均匀掺杂， 其 3dB 增益带可以扩展至 200多 MHz, 这样在中心波长对准时， 经过不均匀掺杂的 SBS介质大致能保证整个 C波段的子载波都能落在与其对应的 3dB增益带之 内。 此外， 根据需要， 还可对输入移频器的光先进行分光处理， 把其分为两 部分、 三部分， 甚至更多， 把波段跨度较大的多载波进一步细分， 然后分别 对经过细分后的光进行移频处理， 移频处理后进行合波， 合波后再送往 SBS 频后的泵浦光在 SBS介质中所产生的 3dB增益带能把与其对应的子载波包括 在内， 也即能保证与该泵浦光对应的子载波能落在其产生的 3dB增益带内。 本发明实施例中所揭示的滤波方案不限于 C波段， 其他波段也可使用。
隔离器或者第一环行器， 来自功率分光器的光载波从隔离器或者第一环 行器直接通过， 来自所述 SBS介质的光载波被隔离器所隔离或者从第一环行 器旁路输出。
上述的这些部件可用光纤连接。
可选的， 该光器件还可以包括光放大器， 放置在功率分光器和移频器之 间或者防止在移频器和第二环行器之间的传输路径中， 用于放大来自所述移 频器的光载波， 使得其中每个频率的子载波光的光功率达到所述 SBS介质的 SBS阔值之上， 同时使得其中各个频率的噪声光的光功率处于所述 SBS阔值 之下， 将放大后的光载波送往所述第二环行器； 或者， 用于放大来自所述功 率分光器的光载波， 使得其中每个频率的子载波光的光功率达到所述 SBS介 质的 SBS阔值之上， 同时使得其中各个频率的噪声光的光功率处于所述 SBS 阔值之下， 将放大后的光载波送往所述移频器。 在给定条件下的一定长度的
SBS介质的 SBS阔值在特定波段比如 C波段 ( 1530 - 1560nm波段）是一个 相对恒定的值，对于给定的一定长度的 SBS介质的 SBS阔值的计算是现有技 术， 不再赘述。 以一条 lkm非线性光纤为例， 其 SBS阔值大约为 6dBm。 通 常情况下， 多载波中子载波功率与噪声功率之比在 20dB左右。对于功率相差 如此之大的子载波和噪声， 让子载波功率处于 SBS阔值之上， 而噪声功率处 于 SBS阔值之下是很容易做到的。比如，每个子载波功率可以放大为 lOdBm, 如有 40个子载波， 则光放大器输出总功率在 26dBm左右， 子载波可以激发 SBS, 而此时的噪声功率则在- lOdBm左右， 远远低于 SBS门限功率， 不能 激发 SBS。 对于不同的输入光可以选择不同的增益倍数或者可以选择光放大 器输出功率为定值的增益模式， 从而实现各子载波功率在 SBS阔值之上， 而 各噪声光功率在 SBS阔值之下。 可选的， 对于相对固定的输入光， 可以选择 相对固定的增益倍数或者相对固定的光放大器输出功率。 可选的， 针对不同 的输入光， 也可以通过手动改变光放大器的增益倍数或者输出功率从而使经 过放大后的光能满足需求。 可选的， 还可通过附加光放大控制单元专门用于 调节光放大器的增益倍数或者输出功率。 可选的， 该光放大器可以是掺饵光 纤放大器 EDFA、 拉曼放大器或者混合放大器等。 可选的，该光放大器可以是 可调光放大器。
可选的， 以上所揭示的功率分光器、 移频器、 光放大器、 第一环行器、 第二环行器为保偏环行器、 SBS介质、 隔离器、 光纤均可以是保偏器件。
可选的， 该光器件还可以包括功率监测器和移频控制器。 其中， 功率监 测器用于监测从所述第二环行器旁路输出的光的光功率并把监测结果报送给 移频控制器。 其中， 移频控制器用于根据功率监测器的监测结果调节移频器 工作的中心波长。 功率监测器与第二环行器及移频控制器连接， 移频控制器 与移频器及功率监测器连接。 可选的。 功率监测器可以通过一个功率分光器 与第二环行器连接。 功率监测器从输出光中分一小部分光， 如 1 %的输出光 用于功率监测， 可选的， 该功率监测器可以是二极管， 也可以其他功率监测 器件。 可选的， 移频控制器可以是由压控振荡器和控制单元组成的， 移频控 制器的控制单元通过控制压控振荡器的输出频率来调节移频器的频移量， 然 后通过功率监测器反馈的功率来判断该频移量所对应的波长是否为中心波 长， 经过不断调节比较发现压控振荡器某一特定的输出频率下功率监测器所 反馈的功率为最大，则该输出功率下对应的频移量即为移频器釆用的频移量， 该频移量对应的波长即为中心波长。
才艮据本发明实施例所揭示的光器件， 利用 SBS原理主动滤除光载波信号 的噪声， 提高光载波的 OSNR的同时还能提高光载波中各子载波的光功率。 同时， 基于 SBS原理的滤波由于信号光和泵浦光为同源光， 对于波长漂移不 敏感， 滤波效果基本不受多载波波长漂移的影响。 此外， 对于多个激光器发 射的多组波长间隔不同的子载波， 该光器件可自适应地实现对各个子载波的 窄带增益， 而对于子载波线宽之外的噪声进行滤除。
实施例二： 本发明实施例提供一种基于受激布里渊原理的光器件， 如 图 2所示， 该光器将包括：
功率分光器， 包括一个输入端口和两个输出端口， 该输入端口为所述光 器件的输入端口， 其中一个输出端口连接移频器， 另一个输出端口连接第二 环行器。
所述移频器， 包括一个输入端口和一个输出端口， 该输入端口连接所述 功率分光器， 该输出端口连接隔离器或者第一环行器。
所述第二环行器， 包括第一端口、 第二端口和第三端口， 所述第一端口 连接所述功率分光器， 所述第二端口连接受激布里渊散射 SBS介质， 所述第 三端口为所述光器件的输出端口， 其中， 从所述第一端口输入的光从所述第 二端口输出， 从所述第二端口输入的光从所述第三端口输出。
所述 SBS介质， 包括两个端口， 其中一个端口连接所述第二环行器， 另 一个端口连接隔离器或者所述第一环行器。
所述隔离器或者所述第一环行器， 所述隔离器包括第四端口和第五端口， 其中所述第四端口连接所述移频器， 所述第五端口连接所述 SBS介质， 从所 述第四端口输入的光从所述第五端口输出， 从所述第五端口输入的光被所述 隔离器隔离， 所述第一环行器包括第六端口、 第七端口和第八端口， 所述第 六端口连接所述移频器， 所述第七端口连接所述 SBS介质， 从所述第六端口 输入的光从所述第七端口输出， 从所述第七端口输入的光从所述第八端口输 出。
可选的， 所述光器件还包括光放大器， 所述光放大器位于所述功率分光 器与所述第二环行器之间的链路中， 包括一个输入端口和一个输出端口， 该 输入端口连接所述功率分光器， 另一个端口连接所述第二环行器。
可选的， 所述移频器还包括一个移频控制端口， 该移频控制端口连接移 频控制器； 所述光器件还包括功率监测器， 所述功率监测器包括两个端口， 其中一个端口与所述第三端口连接， 另一端口与所述移频控制器连接； 所述 光器件还包括所述移频控制器， 所述移频控制器包括两个端口， 其中一个端 口连接所述功率监测器， 另一个端口连接所述移频器。
可选的， 所述移频器包括： 光分波器， 包括一个输入端口和至少两个输 出端口， 该输入端口为所述移频器的输入端口， 该光分波器的每个输出端口 连接一个移频器件； 至少两个所述移频器件， 每个所述移频器件包括一个连 接所述光分波器的输入端口和一个连接光合波器的输出端口；所述光合波器， 包括至少两个连接输入端口和一个输出端口， 该输出端口为所述移频器的输 出端口， 该光合波器的每个输入端口连接一个所述移频器件。
具体的， 功率分光器， 用于将进入功率分光器的光载波分成两部分， 其 中一部分光载波送往第二环行器， 另一部分光载波送往移频器。 光载波可以 是单载波光， 也可以是多载波光。 该功率分光器及其工作方式与实施例一中 的功率分光器相同， 不再赘述。
移频器， 用于降低来自所述功率分光器的光载波的频率， 并将频率经过 降低的光载波送入隔离器或者第一环行器。 其中， 所述移频器的频移量为使 得所述光器件输出光功率最大时的频移量， 此时光载波频率降低的量为中心 波长光在受激布里渊散射 SBS介质中的布里渊频移量， 所述中心波长光为具 有所述移频器工作的中心波长的光。 应当说明的是， 对于相同的输入光， 因 为一个频率搬移的方向不同， 本发明实施例中的中心波长数值上与实施例一 中的中心波长不相等。 该中心波长跟移频器搬移的频移量是对应的， 该中心 波长可根据不同的光载波自由调节， 调节中心波长的过程实质上就是调节移 频器搬移的频移量的过程。 具有该中心波长的光在经过移频器移频后的光的 波长和具有该波长的光经过受激布里渊散射后产生的布里渊增益峰值点的波 长相等。 当具有某波长 λ ι的光经过移频器频移后得到的具有波长 λ 2的光， 而作为具有某波长 λ ^々泵浦光在经过该光器件中的 SBS介质中的 SBS频移 后的布里渊增益峰值点正好是 λ 2处， 那么具有某波长 λ ι的光即为中心波长 光， λ ι即为中心波长。 除此之外， 该移频器及其工作方式与实施例一中的移 频器相同， 不再赘述。
第二环行器， 来自功率分光器的光载波从第二环行器直接通过并作为泵 浦光进入 SBS介质，来自所述 SBS介质的光载波从第二环行器的旁路输出作 为该光器件的输出光。
SBS 介质， 用于让来自所述第二环行器的作为泵浦光的光载波在所述 SBS介质内发生 SBS , 让来自所述隔离器或所述第一环行器的作为信号光的 光载波中的子载波在所述 SBS内得到窄带增益， 并把经过增益后的光载波送 往所述第二环行器， 所述作为泵浦光的光载波中的每个频率的子载波的功率 大于所述 SBS的 SBS阔值，所述作为泵浦光的光载波中的每个频率的噪声光 的功率小于所述 SBS阔值。 SBS介质及其工作方式与实施例一中的 SBS介质 相同， 不再赘述。
隔离器或者第一环行器， 来自移频器的光载波从隔离器或者第一环行器 直接通过， 来自所述 SBS介质的光载波被隔离器所隔离或者从第一环行器旁 路输出。
本发明实施例中的各部件可用光纤连接。
可选的， 该光器件还可以包括光放大器， 放置在功率分光器和第二环行 器之间的传输路径上， 用于放大来自功率分光器的光载波， 使得其中各个频 率的子载波光的光功率达到 SBS介质的 SBS阔值之上，而其中各个频率的噪 声光的光功率处于所述 SBS阔值之下，经过放大后的光载波通过第二环行器。 光放大器及其工作方式与实施例一中的光放大器相同， 不再赘述。
可选的， 以上所揭示的功率分光器、 移频器、 光放大器、 第一环行器、 第二环行器为保偏环行器、 SBS介质、 隔离器、 光纤均可以是保偏器件。
可选的， 该光器件还可以包括功率监测器和移频控制器。 其中， 功率监 测器用于监测从所述第二环行器旁路输出的光的光功率并把监测结果报送给 移频控制器。 其中， 移频控制器用于根据功率监测器的监测结果调节移频器 工作的中心波长。 功率监测器与第二环行器及移频控制器连接， 移频控制器 与移频器及功率监测器连接。 可选的。 功率监测器可以通过一个功率分光器 与第二环行器连接。 功率监测器从输出光中分一小部分光， 如 1 %的输出光 用于功率监测， 可选的， 该功率监测器可以是二极管， 也可以其他功率监测 器件。 可选的， 移频控制器可以是由压控振荡器和控制单元组成的， 移频控 制器的控制单元通过控制压控振荡器的输出频率来调节移频器的频移量， 然 后通过功率监测器反馈的功率来判断该频移量所对应的波长是否为中心波 长， 经过不断调节比较发现压控振荡器某一特定的输出频率下功率监测器所 反馈的功率为最大，则该输出功率下对应的频移量即为移频器釆用的频移量， 该频移量对应的波长即为中心波长。
值得说明的是， 进入该光器件的各个频率的光与输出该光器件的各个频 率的光相差一个频移量。 这个频率偏移可以通过调节频率梳发生器之前的激 光器波长来预先补偿， 使得滤波之后的光载波源的波长满足要求。
才艮据本发明实施例所揭示的光器件， 利用 SBS原理主动滤除光载波信号 的噪声， 提高光载波的 OSNR的同时还能提高光载波中各子载波的光功率。 同时， 基于 SBS原理的滤波由于信号光和泵浦光为同源光， 对于波长漂移不 敏感， 滤波效果基本不受多载波波长漂移的影响。 此外， 对于多个激光器发 射的多组波长间隔不同的子载波， 该光器件可自适应地实现对各个子载波的 窄带增益， 而对于子载波线宽之外的噪声进行滤除。
实施例三： 本发明实施例提供的一种多载波发射机， 如图 3所示， 该发 射机包括：
激光器， 其输出端口与频率梳发生器连接； 所述频率梳发生器， 包括一 个输入端口和一个输出端口， 该输入端口与激光器连接， 该输出端口与窄带 滤波光器件连接； 所述窄带滤波光器件， 包括一个输入端口和一个输出端口， 该输入端口与所述频率 发生器连接， 该输出端口与光分波器连接； 所述光 分波器， 包括一个输入端口和多个输出端口， 该输入端口与所述窄带滤波光 器件连接， 所述光分波器的每个输出端口与一个信号调制器连接； 多个所述 信号调制器， 每个所述信号调制器包括一个输入端口和一个输出端口， 该输 入端口与所述光分波器连接， 该输出端口与光合波器连接； 所述光合波器， 包括多个输入端口和一个输出端口， 该输出端口为所述多载波发射机的输出 端口 , 所述光合波器的每个输入端口与一个信号调制器连接。
具体的， 激光器， 用于发射单波长光， 所产生的单波长光进入与其连接 频率梳发生器； 频率梳发生器， 用于将进入其的单波长光转化成多载波光， 该多载波光进入窄带滤波光器件， 该多载波光中包括自发辐射噪声和多个波 长间隔相等的子载波； 窄带滤波光器件， 用于提高频率梳发生器所输出的多 载波光的光信噪比， 该窄带滤波光器件输出的多载波光进入光分波器； 光分 波器， 用于分开来自窄带滤波光器件的多载波光中的多个子载波， 多个子载 波分别进入多个信号调制器， 以供信号调制器调制信号； 多个信号调制器， 分别用于在多个子载波上加载信号， 由此生成的多个加载了信号的子载波光 进入光合波器； 光合波器， 用于把多个信号调制器生成的加载了信号的子载 波光汇合成加载了信号的多载波光， 并把所述加载了信号的多载波光输入传 输链路。 上述这些部件可用光纤连接。
可选的， 该窄带滤波光器件， 还能用于提高所述频率梳发生器所输出的 多载波光中的各个子载波的光功率。
上述的光纤、 激光器、 频率梳发生器、 光分波器、 信号调制器和光合波 器与现有的多载波发射机中的相应器件相同， 不再赘述。 其中， 可选的， 窄 带滤波光器件可以窄带梳状滤波器， 可以是法布里 -珀罗 （ Fabry-Perot ) 滤波 器， 可以是本发明实施例一或二中的光器件（如图 4和图 5所示） ， 也可以 是本发明实施例一或二中的光器件级联而成的窄带滤波器件， 也可以是其他 窄带滤波光器件。 所述本发明实施例一或二中的光器件级联而成的窄带滤波 器件结构如下： 上一个本发明实施例一或二中的光器件的第二环行器所输出 的光进入后一个这种光器件的功率分光器作为输入光， 第一个所述光器件的 输入作为该窄带滤波光器件的输入光， 最后一个的所述光器件的输出端口为 所述窄带滤波光器件的输出端口可以由两个或两个以上这种光器件级联而 成。 相比于传统的窄带滤波器， 本发明实施例一及实施例二中所揭示的可用 于滤波的光器件由于信号光和泵浦光是同源的， 几乎不受波长漂移的影响， 而传统的窄带滤波器在发生波长漂移时性能会大大降低， 甚至不可用。 例如， 当发生波长漂移时， 如频率发生 1.5GHz的漂移时， 这时 Fabry-Perot滤波器 滤波性能大大降低， 而本发明实施例一及实施例二中所揭示的可用于滤波的 光器件信号光和泵浦光之间频率变化只发生了很小的改变， 能保证信号光仍 然落在泵浦光产生的增益带内， 几乎不影响滤波效果。
本发明实施例所揭示的多载波发射机包含了一个窄带滤波的光器件， 这个光器件兼具窄带增益和滤波的功能， 能提高多载波发射机发射出的信 号的的光信噪比， 同时还能减低光器件插入损耗甚至提高多载波发射机发 射出的信号的光功率。 同时， 基于 SBS原理的滤波由于信号光和泵浦光为 同源光， 对于波长漂移不敏感， 滤波效果基本不受多载波波长漂移的影响。
实施例四： 本发明实施例提供的一种多载波发射机， 如图 6所示， 该 发射机包括：
多个激光器， 用于发射单波长光， 所产生的单波长光进入与其连接频率 梳发生器； 多个频率梳发生器， 频率梳发生器用于将进入其的单波长光转化 成多载波光， 多载波光进入窄带滤波光器件， 多载波光中包括自发辐射噪声 和多个波长间隔相等的子载波； 窄带滤波光器件， 用于提高所述频率梳发生 器所输出的多载波光的光信噪比， 窄带滤波光器件输出的多载波光进入光分 波器； 光分波器， 用于分开所述来自窄带滤波光器件的多载波光中的多个子 载波， 多个子载波分别进入多个信号调制器， 以供信号调制器调制信号； 多 个信号调制器， 用于分别在所述多个子载波上加载信号， 由此生成的多个加 载了信号的子载波光进入光合波器； 光合波器， 用于把多个信号调制器生成 的加载了信号的子载波光汇合成加载了信号的多载波光， 并把加载了信号的 多载波光输入传输链路。 上述这些部件可用光纤连接。
可选的， 该窄带滤波光器件， 还能用于提高所述频率梳发生器所输出的 多载波光中的各个子载波的光功率。
上述的光纤、 激光器、 频率梳发生器、 光分波器、 信号调制器和光合波 器与现有的多载波发射机中的相应器件相同， 不再赘述。 其中， 可选的， 窄 带滤波光器件可以窄带梳状滤波器， 可以是法布里 -珀罗 （ Fabry-Perot ) 滤波 器， 可以是本发明实施例一或二中的光器件， 也可以是本发明实施例一或二 中的光器件级联而成的窄带滤波器件， 也可以是其他窄带滤波光器件。 所述 本发明实施例一或二中的光器件级联而成的窄带滤波器件结构如下： 上一个 本发明实施例一或二中的光器件的第二环行器所输出的光进入后一个这种光 器件的功率分光器作为输入光，可以由两个或两个以上这种光器件级联而成。 可选的， 多个激光器与多个频率梳发生器的连接可以是一个激光器与一个频 率梳发生器相连， 也可以是多个激光器与一个频率梳发生器相连。 可选的， 该发射机可以包括多个窄带滤波光器件。 可选的， 可以是多个频率梳发生器 与一个窄带滤波光器件相连， 也可以是一个频率梳发生器与一个窄带滤波光 器件相连， 多个频率梳发生器与一个窄带滤波光器件连接可以是从该多个频 率梳发生器中输出的光经过合波处理后一起进入该窄带滤波光器件。
本发明实施例所揭示的多载波发射机包含了一个窄带滤波的光器件， 这个光器件兼具窄带增益和滤波的功能， 能提高多载波发射机发射出的信 号的的光信噪比， 同时还能减低光器件插入损耗甚至提高多载波发射机发 射出的信号的光功率。 同时， 基于 SBS原理的滤波由于信号光和泵浦光为 同源光， 对于波长漂移不敏感， 滤波效果基本不受多载波波长漂移的影响。 此外， 对于多个激光器发射的多组波长间隔不同的子载波， 该光器件可自适 应地实现对各个子载波的窄带增益，而对于子载波线宽之外的噪声进行滤除。
实施例五： 本发明实施例提供的一种光载波处理方法， 所述方法包括： 将光载波进行功率分割获得第一部分光和第二部分光； 增加所述第二部分光 的频率； 将频率增加后的第二部分光送入所述 SBS介质， 将所述第一部分光 送往受激布里渊 SBS介质，使得所述频率增加后的第二部分光在所述 SBS介 质中发生 SBS , 所述第一部分光在所述 SBS介质内得到窄带增益； 输出得到 窄带增益后的第一部分光； 其中， 所述第二部分光频率增加的量为所述得到 窄带增益后的第一部分光的功率最大时的频移量。 可选的， 在将频率增加后 的第二部分光送入所述 SBS介质之前， 放大所述第二部分光或者放大所述频 率增加后的第二部分光， 使得其中每个频率的子载波光的光功率达到所述 SBS阔值之上， 同时使得其中各个频率的噪声光的光功率处于所述 SBS阔值 之下。 可选的， 所述增加所述第二部分光的频率具体包括： 将所述第二部分 光分成不同的波段的光载波； 对每个所述不同的波段的光载波分别进行频率 的增加， 其中， 每个所述不同的波段的光载波频率增加的量为所述得到窄带 增益后的第一部分光的功率最大时的频移量； 汇合所有频率增加后的光载波 并输出。
具体的： 将光载波分成两部分， 其中一部分光作为信号光通过隔离器或 者第一环行器送往受激布里渊 SBS介质， 另一部分作为泵浦光送往移频器。 可选的， 可用实施例一中所揭示的功率分光器完成分光， 具体的分光方式与 实施例一中的功率分光器的分光方式相同， 不再赘述。
用所述移频器增加所述泵浦光的频率， 并将频率经过增加后的泵浦光通 过第二环行器送往所述 SBS介质， 其中， 泵浦光频率增加的量为中心波长光 在所述 SBS介质中的布里渊频移量， 所述中心波长光为具有所述移频器工作 的中心波长的光， 送往所述 SBS介质的泵浦光中的每个子载波功率大于所述 SBS介质的 SBS阔值，送往所述 SBS介质的泵浦光中的各频率噪声光的功率 小于所述 SBS阔值。 可选的， 移频器可利用实施例一中所揭示的移频器， 具 体移频的方式与实施例一中的移频器的移频方式相同， 不再赘述。 具有多个 移频器件的某一个移频器移频量的确定可以是其他移频器件移频量不变时， 通过改变该移频器件的移频量，找到输出的第一部分光功率最大时的移频量， 确定该移频量即为该移频器件的最佳移频量，再保持该移频器件移频量不变， 调节其他移频器件的移频量， 釆用同样的方法可以得到所有移频器件的移频 量。 用所述隔离器隔离来自所述 SBS介质的光或者用所述第一环行器的旁路 输出来自所述 SBS介质的光。 经过分光后的信号光直接通过隔离器或者第一 环行器， 来自 SBS介质的光被隔离器隔离， 或者从第一环行器的旁路输出， 以免光串扰。
用所述第二环行器的旁路输出来自所述 SBS 介质的信号光， 来自所述 SBS介质的信号光中的子载波在所述 SBS介质中得到窄带增益。 来自第二环 行器的作为泵浦光的光载波在所述 SBS介质内发生 SBS, 来自隔离器或第一 环行器的作为信号光的光载波中的子载波在所述 SBS内得到窄带增益， 经过 窄带增益后的光载波进入第二环行器， 作为泵浦光的光载波中的每个频率的 子载波的功率大于该 SBS的 SBS阔值，作为泵浦光的光载波中的每个频率的 噪声光的功率小于 SBS 阔值。 信号光与泵浦光分别从 SBS介质的两端进入 SBS介质。 可选的， 作为泵浦光的光载波中的每个频率的子载波的功率大于 该 SBS的 SBS阔值，作为泵浦光的光载波中的每个频率的噪声光的功率小于 SBS 阔值可通过在输入光进入该光器件之前进行合适的光放大实现， 或者可 以通过在该光器件内部的传输路经中加入一个或多个光放大器实现。可选的， 该 SBS介质可以是单模光纤， 也可以色散补偿光纤， 也可以是高非线性光纤 在 SBS介质中， 还可以是其他合适的 SBS介质。 可选的， SBS介质可以直接 与第二环行器连接， 与隔离器或者第一环行器连接， 也可以通过光纤与它们 连接。 每个泵浦光中的子载波往 SBS信号光中各自对应的子载波输出增益， 增益的窄带特性使得只有子载波被放大，而增益带之外的噪声无法获得增益， 从而提高了子载波在光载波源中的功率比例。 值得说明的是， 对于某一特定 波段比如整个 C波段，不同波长光的 SBS频移量相近，最大差别约为 215MHz。 然而移频器所搬移的频移量对于所有波长来说是一个定值， 所以除了中心波 长的光经过 SBS频移后的增益带的增益峰值点能恰好与信号光中的子载波波 长对准外， 泵浦光中其他子载波的光经过 SBS频移后的增益带的增益峰值点 与信号光中的子载波都会有一定偏差， 但只要信号光中的各子载波还落在增 益带内，那么窄带放大的效果依然可以实现。一般经过掺杂的 SBS介质的 3dB 增益带可以达到 100MHz,在中心波长对准时， 能保证相差 14nm范围内的子 载波在经过移频器的频移和 SBS频移后， 其信号光的子载波还能落在与其对 应的泵浦光产生的 3dB增益带中， 其覆盖的波长范围能满足一般光载波的波 长跨度。 当光载波中的子载波跨度较大时， 虽然某些信号光的子载波落在了 与其对应的泵浦光产生的 3dB增益带之外， 但其信号光中的子载波仍然落在 增益带中， 如在 3dB增益带之外但在 6dB增益带之内， 信号光中的子载波仍 能得到较为显著的增益， 可以实现窄带增益并且实现滤波的效果。 同时， 经 过对 SBS介质的不均匀掺杂， 其 3dB增益带可以扩展至 200多 MHz, 这样 在中心波长对准时，经过不均匀掺杂的 SBS介质大致能保证整个 C波段的子 载波都能落在与其对应的 3dB增益带之内。 此外， 根据需要， 还可对输入移 频器的光先进行分光处理， 把其分为两部分、 三部分， 甚至更多， 把波段跨 度较大的多载波进一步细分， 然后分别对经过细分后的光进行移频处理， 移 频处理后进行合波，合波后再送往 SBS介质。 此时进入 SBS介质的因为根据 波段不同分别进行移频， 能保证经过移频后的泵浦光在 SBS介质中所产生的 3dB 增益带能把与其对应的子载波包括在内， 也即能保证与该泵浦光对应的 子载波能落在其产生的 3dB增益带内。 本发明实施例中所揭示的滤波方案不 限于 C波段， 其他波段也可使用。
可选的， 在所述泵浦光进入所述 SBS介质之前， 放大所述泵浦光， 使得 其中每个频率的子载波光的光功率达到所述 SBS阔值之上， 同时使得其中各 个频率的噪声光的光功率处于所述 SBS阔值之下。 可选的， 放大泵浦光可选 用如实施例一中所揭示的光放大器， 放大的方式与实施例一中所揭示的光放 大器的放大方式相同， 不再赘述。
可选的， 用于处理光载波的光器件都是保偏器件。 可选的， 还可以利用 功率监测器和移频控制器来调节移频器的中心波长。 其中， 功率监测器用于 监测从所述第二环行器旁路输出的光的光功率并把监测结果报送给移频控制 器。 其中， 移频控制器用于根据功率监测器的监测结果调节移频器工作的中 心波长。 功率监测器与第二环行器及移频控制器连接， 移频控制器与移频器 及功率监测器连接。 功率监测器从输出光中分一小部分光， 如 1 %的输出光 用于功率监测， 可选的， 该功率监测器可以是二极管， 也可以其他功率监测 器件。 可选的， 移频控制器可以是由压控振荡器和控制单元组成的， 移频控 制器的控制单元通过控制压控振荡器的输出频率来调节移频器的频移量， 然 后通过功率监测器反馈的功率来判断该频移量所对应的波长是否为中心波 长， 经过不断调节比较发现压控振荡器某一特定的输出频率下功率监测器所 反馈的功率为最大，则该输出功率下对应的频移量即为移频器釆用的频移量， 该频移量对应的波长即为中心波长。 可选的， 移频器可以只由一个移频器件 组成。 可选的， 移频器也可以由一个光分波器、 至少两个移频器件以及一个 光合波器组成， 移频器中的光分波器先把光载波分为多个波段的光， 然后各 个用于移频的器件分别移频， 此时各个波段的光的移频的频移量分别是不同 的， 分别为各个波段的中心波长在 SBS介质中的频移量， 移频后的光经合波 送往第二环行器。 具体的， 该移频器可以包括： 光分波器， 用于将进入移频 器的光载波分成不同的波段的光载波， 将所述不同的波段的光载波分别送入 不同的移频器件； 至少两个所述移频器件， 分别用于增加进入其的光载波的 频率， 并将频率经过增加的光载波送往光合波器， 其中， 各个所述移频器件 对于进入其的光载波的频率增加的量分别为各个中心波长光在所述 SBS介质 中的布里渊频移量， 所述各个中心波长光分别为具有各个所述移频器件工作 的中心波长的光； 光合波器， 用于汇合进入其的光载波， 并将汇合后的光载 波作为所述移频器的输出光。 这种包含多个移频器件的移频器具有多个中心 波长， 每个中心波长跟一个移频器件对应。 可选的， 移频器件可以是单边带 信号调制器， 也可以是 IQ信号调制器， 也可以是其他可以移频的器件。 特定 波长的光在特定 SBS介质中的布里渊频移量为定值，跟 SBS介质的折射率及 声波在该介质中的速度等因素有关， 其计算公式为 VB = 2nVA p, 式中 η为 SBS介质折射率， VB为布里渊频移量， VA为声波在该 SBS介质中的传播速 度， λ ρ为进入该 SBS介质的光波长。
才艮据本发明实施例所揭示的光载波处理方法， 利用 SBS原理主动滤除光 载波信号的噪声， 提高光载波的 OSNR的同时还能提高光载波中各子载波的 光功率。 同时， 基于 SBS原理的滤波由于信号光和泵浦光为同源光， 对于波 长漂移不敏感， 滤波效果基本不受多载波波长漂移的影响。 此外， 对于多个 激光器发射的多组波长间隔不同的子载波， 该光器件可自适应地实现对各个 子载波的窄带增益， 而对于子载波线宽之外的噪声进行滤除。
实施例六： 本发明实施例提供的一种光载波处理方法， 所述方法包括： 将光载波进行功率分割获得第一部分光和第二部分光； 降低所述第一部分光 的频率； 将降低频率后的第一部分光送往受激布里渊 SBS介质； 将第二部分 光送入所述受激布里渊 SBS介质，使得所述第二部分光在所述 SBS介质中发 生 SBS,所述频率降低后的第一部分光在所述 SBS介质内得到窄带增益； 输 出得到窄带增益后的第一部分光； 其中， 所述第一部分光频率降低的量为所 述得到窄带增益后的第一部分光的功率最大时的频移量。 可选的， 在将第二 部分光送入所述 SBS介质之前， 放大所述第二部分光， 使得其中每个频率的 子载波光的光功率达到所述 SBS阔值之上， 同时使得其中各个频率的噪声光 的光功率处于所述 SBS阔值之下。 可选的， 所述降低所述第一部分光的频率 具体包括： 将所述第一部分光分成不同的波段的光载波； 对每个所述不同的 波段的光载波分别进行频率的降低， 其中， 每个所述不同的波段的光载波频 率降低的量为所述得到窄带增益后的第一部分光的功率最大时的频移量； 汇 合所有频率降低后的光载波并输出。
具体的： 将光载波分成两部分， 其中一部分光作为信号光送往移频器， 另一部分作为泵浦光通过第二环行器送往受激布里渊 SBS 介质， 送往所述 SBS介质的泵浦光中的每个子载波功率大于所述 SBS介质的 SBS阔值，送往 所述 SBS介质的泵浦光中的各频率噪声光的功率小于所述 SBS阔值。可选的， 可用实施例一中所揭示的功率分光器完成分光， 具体的分光方式与实施例二 中的功率分光器的分光方式相同， 不再赘述。
用所述移频器降低所述信号光的频率， 并将频率经过降低后的信号光通 过隔离器或者第一环行器送往所述 SBS介质， 其中， 信号光频率降低的量为 中心波长光在所述 SBS介质中的布里渊频移量， 所述中心波长光为具有所述 移频器工作的中心波长的光； 可选的， 移频器可利用实施例二中所揭示的移 频器， 具体移频的方式与实施例一中的移频器的移频方式相同， 不再赘述。 具有多个移频器件的某一个移频器移频量的确定可以是其他移频器件移频量 不变时， 通过改变该移频器件的移频量， 找到输出的第一部分光功率最大时 的移频量， 确定该移频量即为该移频器件的最佳移频量， 再保持该移频器件 移频量不变， 调节其他移频器件的移频量， 釆用同样的方法可以得到所有移 频器件的移频量。
用所述隔离器隔离来自所述 SBS介质的光或者用所述第一环行器的旁路 输出来自所述 SBS介质的光。 经过分光后的信号光直接通过隔离器或者第一 环行器， 来自 SBS介质的光被隔离器隔离， 或者从第一环行器的旁路输出， 以免光串扰。
用所述第二环行器的旁路输出来自所述 SBS 介质的信号光， 来自所述 SBS介质的信号光中的子载波在所述 SBS介质中得到窄带增益。 来自第二环 行器的作为泵浦光的光载波在所述 SBS介质内发生 SBS, 来自隔离器或第一 环行器的作为信号光的光载波中的子载波在所述 SBS内得到窄带增益， 经过 窄带增益后的光载波进入第二环行器， 作为泵浦光的光载波中的每个频率的 子载波的功率大于该 SBS的 SBS阔值，作为泵浦光的光载波中的每个频率的 噪声光的功率小于 SBS 阔值。 信号光与泵浦光分别从 SBS介质的两端进入 SBS介质。 可选的， 作为泵浦光的光载波中的每个频率的子载波的功率大于 该 SBS的 SBS阔值，作为泵浦光的光载波中的每个频率的噪声光的功率小于 SBS 阔值可通过在输入光进入该光器件之前进行合适的光放大实现， 或者可 以通过在该光器件内部的传输路经中加入一个或多个光放大器实现。可选的， 该 SBS介质可以是单模光纤， 也可以色散补偿光纤， 也可以是高非线性光纤 在 SBS介质中， 还可以是其他合适的 SBS介质。 可选的， SBS介质可以直接 与第二环行器连接， 与隔离器或者第一环行器连接， 也可以通过光纤与它们 连接。 每个泵浦光中的子载波往 SBS信号光中各自对应的子载波输出增益， 增益的窄带特性使得只有子载波被放大，而增益带之外的噪声无法获得增益， 从而提高了子载波在光载波源中的功率比例。 值得说明的是， 对于某一特定 波段比如整个 C波段，不同波长光的 SBS频移量相近，最大差别约为 215MHz。 然而移频器所搬移的频移量对于所有波长来说是一个定值， 所以除了中心波 长的光经过 SBS频移后的增益带的增益峰值点能恰好与信号光中的子载波波 长对准外， 泵浦光中其他子载波的光经过 SBS频移后的增益带的增益峰值点 与信号光中的子载波都会有一定偏差， 但只要信号光中的各子载波还落在增 益带内， 那么窄带放大的效果依然可以实现。 一般经过掺杂 SBS介质的 3dB 增益带可以达到 100MHz,在中心波长对准时， 能保证相差 14nm范围内的子 载波在经过移频器的频移和 SBS频移后， 其信号光的子载波还能落在与其对 应的泵浦光产生的 3dB增益带中， 其覆盖的波长范围能满足一般光载波的波 长跨度。 当光载波中的子载波跨度较大时， 虽然某些信号光的子载波落在了 与其对应的泵浦光产生的 3dB增益带之外， 但其信号光中的子载波仍然落在 增益带中， 如在 3dB增益带之外但在 6dB增益带之内， 信号光中的子载波仍 能得到较为显著的增益， 可以实现窄带增益并且实现滤波的效果。 同时， 经 过对 SBS介质的不均匀掺杂， 其 3dB增益带可以扩展至 200多 MHz, 这样 在中心波长对准时，经过不均匀掺杂的 SBS介质大致能保证整个 C波段的子 载波都能落在与其对应的 3dB增益带之内。 此外， 根据需要， 还可对输入移 频器的光先进行分光处理， 把其分为两部分、 三部分， 甚至更多， 把波段跨 度较大的多载波进一步细分， 然后分别对经过细分后的光进行移频处理， 移 频处理后进行合波，合波后再送往 SBS介质。 此时进入 SBS介质的因为根据 波段不同分别进行移频， 能保证经过移频后的泵浦光在 SBS介质中所产生的 3dB 增益带能把与其对应的子载波包括在内， 也即能保证与该泵浦光对应的 子载波能落在其产生的 3dB增益带内。 本发明实施例中所揭示的滤波方案不 限于 C波段， 其他波段也可使用。
可选的， 在所述泵浦光进入所述 SBS介质之前， 放大所述泵浦光， 使得 其中每个频率的子载波光的光功率达到所述 SBS阔值之上， 同时使得其中各 个频率的噪声光的光功率处于所述 SBS阔值之下。 可选的， 放大泵浦光可选 用如实施例一中所揭示的光放大器， 放大的方式与实施例一中所揭示的光放 大器的放大方式相同， 不再赘述。
可选的， 用于处理光载波的光器件都是保偏器件。 可选的， 还可以利用 功率监测器和移频控制器来调节移频器的中心波长。 其中， 功率监测器用于 监测从所述第二环行器旁路输出的光的光功率并把监测结果报送给移频控制 器。 其中， 移频控制器用于根据功率监测器的监测结果调节移频器工作的中 心波长。 功率监测器与第二环行器及移频控制器连接， 移频控制器与移频器 及功率监测器连接。 功率监测器从输出光中分一小部分光， 如 1 %的输出光 用于功率监测， 可选的， 该功率监测器可以是二极管， 也可以其他功率监测 器件。 可选的， 移频控制器可以是由压控振荡器和控制单元组成的， 移频控 制器的控制单元通过控制压控振荡器的输出频率来调节移频器的频移量， 然 后通过功率监测器反馈的功率来判断该频移量所对应的波长是否为中心波 长， 经过不断调节比较发现压控振荡器某一特定的输出频率下功率监测器所 反馈的功率为最大，则该输出功率下对应的频移量即为移频器釆用的频移量， 该频移量对应的波长即为中心波长。 可选的， 移频器可以只由一个移频器件 组成。 可选的， 移频器也可以由一个光分波器、 至少两个移频器件以及一个 光合波器组成， 移频器中的光分波器先把光载波分为多个波段的光， 然后各 个用于移频的器件分别移频， 此时各个波段的光的移频的频移量分别是不同 的， 分别为各个波段的中心波长在 SBS介质中的频移量， 移频后的光经合波 送往第二环行器。 具体的， 该移频器可以包括： 光分波器， 用于将进入移频 器的光载波分成不同的波段的光载波， 将所述不同的波段的光载波分别送入 不同的移频器件； 至少两个所述移频器件， 分别用于降低进入其的光载波的 频率， 并将频率经过降低的光载波送往光合波器， 其中， 各个所述移频器件 对于进入其的光载波的频率降低的量分别为各个中心波长光在所述 SBS介质 中的布里渊频移量， 所述各个中心波长光分别为具有各个所述移频器件工作 的中心波长的光； 光合波器， 用于汇合进入其的光载波， 并将汇合后的光载 波作为所述移频器的输出光。 这种包含多个移频器件的移频器具有多个中心 波长， 每个中心波长跟一个移频器件对应。 可选的， 移频器件可以是单边带 信号调制器， 也可以是 IQ信号调制器， 也可以是其他可以移频的器件。 特定 波长的光在特定 SBS介质中的布里渊频移量为定值，跟 SBS介质的折射率及 声波在该介质中的速度等因素有关， 其计算公式为 VB = 2nVA p, 式中 η为 SBS介质折射率， VB为布里渊频移量， VA为声波在该 SBS介质中的传播速 度， λ ρ为进入该 SBS介质的光波长。
才艮据本发明实施例所揭示的光载波处理方法， 利用 SBS原理主动滤除光 载波信号的噪声， 提高光载波的 OSNR的同时还能提高光载波中各子载波的 光功率。 同时， 基于 SBS原理的滤波由于信号光和泵浦光为同源光， 对于波 长漂移不敏感， 滤波效果基本不受多载波波长漂移的影响。 此外， 对于多个 激光器发射的多组波长间隔不同的子载波， 该光器件可自适应地实现对各个 子载波的窄带增益， 而对于子载波线宽之外的噪声进行滤除。 总之， 以上所述仅为本发明技术方案的较佳实施例而已， 并非用于限定 本发明的保护范围。 本发明实施例所说的 "连接" 包括但不限于直接连接和 间接连接。 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内， 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改 进等， 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种光器件， 其特征在于：
所述光器件包括功率分光器、 移频器、 隔离器或者第一环行器、 第二环 行器和受激布里渊散射 SBS介质；
所述功率分光器， 包括一个输入端口和两个输出端口， 该功率分光器的 输入端口为所述光器件的输入端口， 该功率分光器的一个输出端口连接移频 器， 另一个输出端口通过所述隔离器或者所述第一环行器与所述 SBS介质连 接；
所述移频器的输入端口连接所述功率分光器， 所述移频器的输出端口连 接所述第二环行器；
所述第二环行器， 包括第一端口、 第二端口和第三端口， 所述第一端口 连接所述移频器， 所述第二端口连接所述 SBS介质， 所述第三端口为所述光 器件的输出端口， 其中， 从所述第一端口输入的光从所述第二端口输出， 从 所述第二端口输入的光从所述第三端口输出；
所述 SBS介质， 包括两个端口， 其中一个端口连接所述第二环行器， 另 一个端口通过所述隔离器或者所述第一环行器与所述功率分光器连接；
所述隔离器， 包括第四端口和第五端口， 其中所述第四端口连接所述功 率分光器， 所述第五端口连接所述 SBS介质， 从所述第四端口输入的光从所 述第五端口输出， 从所述第五端口输入的光被所述隔离器隔离； 所述第一环 行器， 包括第六端口、 第七端口和第八端口， 所述第六端口连接所述功率分 光器， 所述第七端口连接所述 SBS介质， 从所述第六端口输入的光从所述第 七端口输出， 从所述第七端口输入的光从所述第八端口输出。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述光器件， 其特征在于：
所述光器件还包括光放大器， 所述光放大器位于所述功率分光器与所述 移频器之间的链路中， 所述光放大器的输入端口连接所述功率分光器， 所述 光放大器的输出端口连接所述移频器；
或者， 所述光器件还包括光放大器， 所述光放大器位于所述移频器与所 述第二环行器之间的链路中， 所述光放大器的输入端口连接所述移频器， 所 述光放大器的输出端口连接所述第二环行器。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述光器件， 其特征在于： 所述光器件还包括移频控制器和功率监测器；
所述移频控制器包括两个端口， 其中一个端口连接所述功率监测器， 另 一个端口连接所述移频器的移频控制端口；
所述功率监测器包括两个端口， 其中一个端口与所述第三端口连接， 另 一端口与所述移频控制器连接。
4、 根据权利要求 1至 3所述光器件， 其特征在于， 所述移频器包括： 光分波器， 包括一个输入端口和至少两个输出端口， 所述光分波器的输 入端口为所述移频器的输入端口， 所述光分波器的每个输出端口连接一个移 频器件；
至少两个所述移频器件， 每个所述移频器件的输入端口连接所述光分波 器， 每个所述移频器件的输出端口与光合波器相连；
所述光合波器， 包括至少两个输入端口和一个输出端口， 所述光合波器 的输出端口为所述移频器的输出端口， 所述光合波器的每个输入端口连接一 个所述移频器件。
5、 根据权利要求 1至 4所述光器件， 其特征在于：
所述移频器对输入所述移频器的光增加的频移量为使得所述光器件输出 光功率最大时的频移量。
6、 根据权利要求 2至 4所述光器件， 其特征在于：
所述光放大器用于放大进入其的光载波， 使得该光载波中的每个频率的 子载波光的光功率达到所述 SBS介质的 SBS阔值之上，同时使得其中各个频 率的噪声光的光功率处于所述 SBS阔值之下。
7、 根据权利要求 1至 6所述光器件， 其特征在于：
所述功率分光器为保偏功率分光器； 所述移频器为保偏移频器； 所述光 放大器为保偏光放大器； 所述第一环行器、 所述第二环行器为保偏环行器； 所述 SBS介质为保偏 SBS介质； 所述隔离器为保偏隔离器；
所述 SBS介质是单模光纤、 色散补偿光纤或者高非线性光纤。
8、 一种光器件， 其特征在于：
所述光器件包括功率分光器、 移频器、 隔离器或者第一环行器、 第二环 行器和受激布里渊散射 SBS介质；
所述功率分光器， 包括一个输入端口和两个输出端口， 该输入端口为所 述光器件的输入端口， 其中一个输出端口连接移频器， 另一个输出端口连接 所述第二环行器；
所述移频器， 所述移频器的输入端口连接所述功率分光器， 所述移频器 的输出端口通过所述隔离器或者所述第一环行器与所述 SBS介质连接；
所述第二环行器， 包括第一端口、 第二端口和第三端口， 所述第一端口 连接所述功率分光器， 所述第二端口连接所述 SBS介质， 所述第三端口为所 述光器件的输出端口， 其中， 从所述第一端口输入的光从所述第二端口输出， 从所述第二端口输入的光从所述第三端口输出；
所述 SBS介质， 包括两个端口， 其中一个端口连接所述第二环行器， 另 一个端口通过所述隔离器或者所述第一环行器与所述移频器连接；
所述隔离器， 包括第四端口和第五端口， 其中所述第四端口连接所述移 频器， 所述第五端口连接所述 SBS介质， 从所述第四端口输入的光从所述第 五端口输出， 从所述第五端口输入的光被所述隔离器隔离； 所述第一环行器， 包括第六端口、 第七端口和第八端口， 所述第六端口连接所述移频器， 所述 第七端口连接所述 SBS介质，从所述第六端口输入的光从所述第七端口输出， 从所述第七端口输入的光从所述第八端口输出。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述光器件， 其特征在于， 所述光器件还包括： 所述光器件还包括光放大器， 所述光放大器位于所述功率分光器与所述 第二环行器之间的链路中， 所述光放大器的输入端口连接所述功率分光器， 所述光放大器的输出端口连接所述第二环行器。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述光器件， 其特征在于：
所述光器件还包括移频控制器和功率监测器；
所述移频控制器包括两个端口， 其中一个端口连接所述功率监测器， 另 一个端口连接所述移频器的移频控制端口；
所述功率监测器包括两个端口， 其中一个端口与所述第三端口连接， 另 一端口与所述移频控制器连接。
11、 根据权利要求 8至 10所述光器件， 其特征在于， 所述移频器包括： 光分波器， 包括一个输入端口和至少两个输出端口， 所述光分波器的输 入端口为所述移频器的输入端口， 所述光分波器的每个输出端口连接一个移 频器件； 至少两个所述移频器件， 每个所述移频器件的输入端口连接所述光分波 器， 每个所述移频器件的输出端口与光合波器相连；
所述光合波器， 包括至少两个输入端口和一个输出端口， 所述光合波器 的输出端口为所述移频器的输出端口， 所述光合波器的每个输入端口连接一 个所述移频器件。
12、 根据权利要求 8至 11所述光器件， 其特征在于：
所述移频器对输入所述移频器的光降低的频移量为使得所述光器件输出 光功率最大时的频移量。
13、 根据权利要求 9至 11所述光器件， 其特征在于：
所述光放大器用于放大进入其的光载波， 使得该光载波中的每个频率的 子载波光的光功率达到所述 SBS介质的 SBS阔值之上，同时使得其中各个频 率的噪声光的光功率处于所述 SBS阔值之下。
14、 根据权利要求 8至 13所述光器件， 其特征在于：
所述功率分光器为保偏功率分光器； 所述移频器为保偏移频器； 所述光 放大器为保偏光放大器； 所述第一环行器、 所述第二环行器为保偏环行器； 所述 SBS介质为保偏 SBS介质； 所述隔离器为保偏隔离器；
所述 SBS介质是单模光纤、 色散补偿光纤或者高非线性光纤。
15、 一种多载波发射机， 其特征在于， 所述多载波发射机包括： 激光器， 频率梳发生器， 光器件， 光分波器， 光合波器和多个信号调制器，
所述激光器的输出端口与频率才 发生器连接；
所述频率梳发生器的输入端口与激光器连接， 所述频率梳发生器的输出 端口与所述光器件连接；
所述光器件为如权利要求 1至 14任一所述光器件，所述光器件的输入端 口与所述频率梳发生器连接， 所述光器件的输出端口与所述光分波器连接； 所述光分波器包括一个输入端口和至少两个输出端口， 所述光分波器的 输入端口与所述光器件连接， 所述光分波器的每个输出端口与一个所述信号 调制器连接；
每个所述信号调制器包括一个输入端口和一个输出端口， 每个所述信号 调制器的输入端口与所述光分波器连接， 每个所述信号调制器的输出端口与 光合波器连接； 所述光合波器， 包括多个输入端口和一个输出端口， 所述光合波器的输 出端口为所述多载波发射机的输出端口， 所述光合波器的每个输入端口与一 个信号调制器连接。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述多载波发射机， 其特征在于：
所述多载波发射机包括一个以上所述激光器和一个以上的所述频率梳发 生器；
每个所述激光器与一个所述频率梳发生器连接； 每个所述频率梳发生器 的输出端口与所述光器件连接。
17、 一种光载波处理方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法包括：
将光载波进行功率分割获得第一部分光和第二部分光；
增加所述第二部分光的频率；
将频率增加后的第二部分光送入所述 SBS介质， 将所述第一部分光送往 受激布里渊 SBS介质，使得所述频率增加后的第二部分光在所述 SBS介质中 发生 SBS, 所述第一部分光在所述 SBS介质内得到窄带增益；
输出得到窄带增益后的第一部分光；
其中， 所述第二部分光频率增加的量为所述得到窄带增益后的第一部分 光的功率最大时的频移量。
18、 根据权利要求 17所述方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法还包括： 在将频率增加后的第二部分光送入所述 SBS介质之前， 放大所述第二部 分光或者放大所述频率增加后的第二部分光， 使得其中每个频率的子载波光 的光功率达到所述 SBS阔值之上， 同时使得其中各个频率的噪声光的光功率 处于所述 SBS阔值之下。
19、 根据权利要求 17或 18所述方法， 其特征在于， 所述增加所述第二 部分光的频率具体包括：
将所述第二部分光分成不同的波段的光载波；
对每个所述不同的波段的光载波分别进行频率的增加， 其中， 每个所述 不同的波段的光载波频率增加的量为所述得到窄带增益后的第一部分光的功 率最大时的频移量；
汇合所有频率增加后的光载波并输出。
20、 一种光载波处理方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法包括： 将光载波进行功率分割获得第一部分光和第二部分光；
降低所述第一部分光的频率；
将降低频率后的第一部分光送往受激布里渊 SBS介质；
将第二部分光送入所述受激布里渊 SBS介质， 使得所述第二部分光在所 述 SBS介质中发生 SBS,所述频率降低后的第一部分光在所述 SBS介质内得 到窄带增益；
输出得到窄带增益后的第一部分光；
其中， 所述第一部分光频率降低的量为所述得到窄带增益后的第一部分 光的功率最大时的频移量。
21、 根据权利要求 20所述方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法还包括： 在将第二部分光送入所述 SBS介质之前， 放大所述第二部分光， 使得其 中每个频率的子载波光的光功率达到所述 SBS阔值之上， 同时使得其中各个 频率的噪声光的光功率处于所述 SBS阔值之下。
22、 根据权利要求 20或 21所述方法， 其特征在于， 所述降低所述第一 部分光的频率具体包括：
将所述第一部分光分成不同的波段的光载波；
对每个所述不同的波段的光载波分别进行频率的降低， 其中， 每个所述 不同的波段的光载波频率降低的量为所述得到窄带增益后的第一部分光的功 率最大时的频移量；
汇合所有频率降低后的光载波并输出。
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