WO2014058145A1 - Soil stabilization and improvement method using biopolymer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application concerns: a soil stabilization and improvement method using a macromolecular mucilaginous biopolymer; a soil composition for promoting the germination or growth of vegetation; a composition for soil erosion prevention; and a soil construction material and member.

Description

Soil Stabilization and Improvement Using Biopolymers

The present application relates to a method of stabilizing and improving soil using a polymer viscous biopolymer, a soil composition for promoting germination or growth of vegetation, a composition for preventing soil erosion, and a soil building material or member.

Geotechnical composition of soil, strictly speaking particle size distribution, water content, and organic content directly affect soil erosion [Bissonnais, 1996, "Aggregate stability and assessment of soil crustability and erodibility: I. Theory and methodology", European Journal of Soil Science, Vol. 47, pp. 425-437]. Soil erosion is an important environmental issue today because soil erosion has direct and indirect effects on desertification and climate change [Gisladottir and Stocking, 2005, "Land degradation control and its global environmental benefits", Land Degradation & Development, 16, pp. 99-112]. Currently, desertification, accompanied by soil erosion, is occurring in one third of the world's land, creating 12 million ha of new desert annually and expanding the area [UNEP (United Nations Environment Program, 2006), "Deserts & Drylands ", TUNZA the UNEP Magazine for Youth, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 1-24]. Soil erosion not only reduces ecosystem degradation, but also reduces cropland productivity [Gisladottir and Stocking, 2005, "Land degradation control and its global environmental benefits", Land Degradation & Development, Vol. 16, pp. 99-112]. Or development of technology that can be suppressed is urgent.

Conventional soil erosion suppression method is mainly proposed to block the external factors (water or wind) causing erosion by installing a mesh (mesh or net), etc. on the soil surface [US Patent No. 3867250; US Patent No. 4041400; US Patent No. 4486120]. However, these external installation structures are limited in their performance and costly. Therefore, in recent years, techniques have been proposed to improve the soil resistance to erosion [US Patent No. 4466,67; U.S. Patent No. 5860770; US Patent No. 7407993]. However, these techniques are different from environmentally friendly ones because they rely on the method of injecting or spraying chemical products. Soil erosion is primarily characterized by the adverse effects of surface destruction and poor development (fire or grazing). Therefore, in order to effectively suppress soil erosion, the ecological environment of the soil should be restored.

In addition, the geotechnical structure of soil directly affects vegetation growth. In general, the looser the soil structure and the higher the water content in the soil, the better the plant growth [Passioura, 1991, "Soil structure and plant growth", Australian Journal of Soil Research, Vol. 28, No. 6, 717 -P. 728]. Therefore, in agriculture, it is important to stir the farmland before sowing or to maintain an efficient irrigation system. Most of the topsoil in Korea is granite residue, which is the final weathering product of granite. Hwang Jin Yeon et al., 2000, "Organic Minerals and Chemical Components of Korean Ocher (Weathered Soil), Korean Mineral Society, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 146-163] Ocher is composed mainly of halloysite and its compact structure has been used as a building material since ancient times, but it has been recognized as not suitable for vegetation growth.

Thus, while preventing the erosion of the soil, there is increasing interest in research to improve the soil to increase vegetation growth.

Accordingly, the present application is to provide a method of stabilizing and improving the soil, which can promote vegetation growth while preventing erosion of the soil and enhancing strength and durability by using a polymer viscous biopolymer.

However, the problem to be solved by the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned problem, another task that is not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

A first aspect of the present application provides a method of stabilizing and improving soil, comprising adding a polymeric viscous biopolymer to the soil.

The second aspect of the present application provides a soil composition for promoting germination or growth of vegetation, which is prepared by the method of stabilizing and improving the soil of the first aspect of the present application, and which comprises a polymer viscous biopolymer.

The third aspect of the present application is prepared by the method of stabilizing and improving the soil of the first aspect of the present application, and provides a composition for preventing soil erosion, comprising a polymer viscous biopolymer.

A fourth aspect of the present application provides an earth building material or member, prepared by the soil stabilization and improvement method of the first aspect of the present application, and comprising a polymer viscous biopolymer.

Soil erosion is affected by soil moisture, particle size distribution, organic matter content, and surface vegetation. In the case of deserts with severe soil loss, all of these conditions are poor, so in order to improve the resistance to soil erosion, the properties of the soil itself must be improved rather than blocking external factors. To this end, an environmentally friendly method is required to maintain soil moisture for a long time, increase the bonding strength (adhesive force) between soil particles, and to grow vegetation smoothly in the future. Existing chemical treatment methods focus only on primary soil strength enhancement, and there is a lack of consideration of creating a vegetation environment to prevent permanent erosion.

Therefore, in the present application, by adding a polymer viscous biopolymer to the soil, it showed an excellent effect not only for the initial stabilization of the soil, but also for the inhibition of middle and long-term erosion and securing durability.

In addition, the soil stabilization and improvement methods of the present application not only rely on existing nitrogen-based or phosphorus-based chemical fertilizers or artificial soils, but also promote vegetation germination and growth in an environmentally friendly manner, as well as stabilizing vegetation (sufficient rooting of roots). The physical stabilization of the sowing soil can be realized simultaneously until

The soil stabilization and remediation method of the present application maintains the initial stabilization of the soil, there is no fear of contamination and eutrophication of groundwater or rivers, and the environment in which the biopolymers are naturally biodegraded and returned to the original soil over time. It has friendly advantages. Accordingly, the soil stabilization and improvement method of the present application is not only in the field of eco-friendly vegetation, but also in the construction of vegetation surface at large construction sites, river banks and waterfront greening projects, initial stabilization of road and rail slopes, large-scale farmland formation, rooftops and cities. It can be effectively used in various fields such as agriculture.

In addition, the present application can contribute greatly to the full-scale commercialization of biopolymers by providing new uses for applying environmentally friendly biopolymers to soil stabilization and improvement.

1 is a view showing a soil sample after a single rainfall simulation according to an embodiment of the present application. Untreated loess, xanthan gum treated loess, and beta-1,3 / 1,6-glucan treated loess from the left.

Figure 2 shows an indoor experimental configuration for rainfall erosion simulation according to an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 3 shows a test cultivation picture of the biopolymer treated soil according to an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 4 shows the vegetation growth results of the biopolymer treated soil over time according to an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 5a shows an electron projection micrograph of the untreated loess and vegetation roots according to an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 5b is an electron projection microscope photograph of the beta glucan treated loess and vegetation roots according to an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 5c is an electron projection micrograph showing the xanthan gum treated loess and vegetation roots according to an embodiment of the present application.

6 shows a biopolymer treatment process through heat treatment according to an embodiment of the present application.

7 is a graph showing the results of measuring the strength of the biopolymer-treated soil (ocher) according to an embodiment of the present application.

8 is a graph showing a result of measuring the strength of the biopolymer-treated soil (sand) according to an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 9 shows the rapid cooling and curing conditions of the biopolymer-treated soil according to an embodiment of the present application.

10 is a graph showing the behavior under rapid cooling and curing conditions of the biopolymer-treated soil according to an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing an environmentally friendly soil building material using a thermal gelling biopolymer according to one embodiment of the present application.

12 is a conceptual diagram of a ground treatment method using a thermal gelling biopolymer according to one embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 13 shows a conceptual diagram of a biopolymer-treated vegetation ground composition using a spraying method according to an embodiment of the present application.

14 shows a conceptual diagram of a biopolymer-treated vegetation ground composition using a wet mixing and spreading method according to an embodiment of the present application.

15 shows a conceptual diagram of a biopolymer-treated vegetation ground composition using a dry mixing / spray method according to an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 16 illustrates a conceptual diagram of partition division for eco-friendly waterside space composition using a biopolymer according to one embodiment of the present application.

17 is a graph showing the bending strength of the building material using a biopolymer according to an embodiment of the present application.

Hereinafter, embodiments and examples of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art may easily implement the present disclosure.

As those skilled in the art would realize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. In the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted for simplicity of explanation, and like reference numerals designate like parts throughout the specification.

Throughout this specification, when a portion is "connected" to another portion, this includes not only "directly connected" but also "electrically connected" with another element in between. do.

Throughout this specification, when a member is located "on" another member, this includes not only when one member is in contact with another member but also when another member exists between the two members.

Throughout this specification, when a part is said to "include" a certain component, it means that it can further include other components, without excluding the other components unless specifically stated otherwise.

As used herein, the terms "about", "substantially", and the like, are used at, or in close proximity to, numerical values when manufacturing and material tolerances inherent in the meanings indicated are provided to aid the understanding herein. In order to prevent the unfair use of unscrupulous infringers. In addition, throughout this specification, "step to" or "step of" does not mean "step for."

Throughout this specification, the term "combination (s) thereof" included in the representation of a makushi form refers to one or more mixtures or combinations selected from the group consisting of the components described in the representation of makushi form, It means to include one or more selected from the group consisting of the above components.

Throughout this specification, the description of "A and / or B" means "A or B, or A and B."

Throughout this specification, the term “cationic aqueous solution” means an aqueous solution containing a cation, and may include, for example, an aqueous solution containing an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal ion, but may not be limited thereto. The alkali metal comprises a Group 1 metal consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs, which may provide monovalent cations, and the alkaline earth metals may provide divalent cations, Be, Mg, Ca , Group 2 metals consisting of Sr, Ba, and Ra.

Throughout this specification, the term "Hwang-to" means yellowish or yellowish brown granite, in which fine grains of rock broken by weathering in the interior of the continent are blown off and stacked.

Throughout this specification, the term "soil" is used in the same sense as the soil.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail, but the present disclosure may not be limited thereto.

A first aspect of the present application provides a method of stabilizing and improving soil, comprising adding a polymeric viscous biopolymer to the soil.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the polymer viscous biopolymer may be used without limitation as long as it is a polymer material produced from an organism, but may not be limited thereto. The polymer viscous biopolymer may include a substance having glucose as a basic unit, and may be broadly classified into a polysaccharide and an amino-acid series. Biopolymers can be classified into high-molecular chains and gelation biopolymers according to their shape. For example, the high molecular chain biopolymer may include beta-1,3 / 1,6-glucan (Polycan ^™ ), alpha glucan, curdlan, and the like. Wellan gum, gellan gum, gelant gum, Xanthan gum, Agar gum, Succinoglycan gum, and the like, but may not be limited thereto. The amino acid-based biopolymer may include chitosan and gamma fiji, γPGA, but may not be limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the present application, the polymeric viscous biopolymer is about 20 parts by weight or less, for example, about 0.00001 parts by weight to about 15 parts by weight, about 0.00001 parts by weight to about 10 parts by weight based on about 100 parts by weight of soil. About 0.00001 parts by weight to about 5 parts by weight, about 0.00001 parts by weight to about 1 parts by weight, about 0.00001 parts by weight to about 0.5 parts by weight, about 0.00001 parts by weight to about 0.1 parts by weight, about 0.0001 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight About 0.01 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 0.05 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 0.1 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 0.5 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 1 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight Part, about 5 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, or about 10 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, but may not be limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the present application, the polymer viscous biopolymer may be to expand the pores in the soil, to maintain the water-containing properties, and to increase the bonding strength between the soil particles, but may not be limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the present application, adding the polymer viscous biopolymer to the soil is performed by mixing the polymer viscous biopolymer with the soil, spraying on the surface of the soil, or injecting into the soil It may be, but may not be limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the present application, but may include adding the polymer viscous biopolymer to the soil in a powder state, but may not be limited thereto. The polymer viscous biopolymer may be directly mixed with the soil, or the polymer viscous biopolymer powder or suspension or aqueous solution may be applied to the surface of the soil to form a coating, or injected into the soil, but is not limited thereto. You may not. In addition, after directly mixing the polymer viscous biopolymer with the soil, it may be installed on the surface of the target area, but may not be limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the present application, it may include adding the polymer viscous biopolymer to the soil in the form of an aqueous solution or a basic aqueous solution, but may not be limited thereto. For example, a suspension or an aqueous solution of the polymer viscous gelling polysaccharide biopolymer may be added as it is, or a salt may be added to the suspension or the aqueous solution of the biopolymer to prepare a basic aqueous solution, for example, a basic aqueous solution having a pH of about 9 or more. It may be added to the soil by lowering the viscosity, but may not be limited thereto. After the basic aqueous solution of the biopolymer is added to the soil, the acidic aqueous solution may be sprayed to promote aggregation of the infiltrating polymer viscous gelled polysaccharide biopolymer, but may not be limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the present application, after adding the polymer viscous biopolymer to the soil, it may further include adding a cation of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, but may not be limited thereto. For example, a cation of an alkali metal such as Na ⁺ , K ⁺ or an alkali earth metal such as Ca ²⁺ , Mg ²⁺ may be added to induce gelation of the biopolymer to form a solid soil-biopolymer mixture. However, this may not be limited.

In one embodiment of the present application, after adding the polymer viscous biopolymer to the soil, it may further include adding an acidic aqueous solution or a cationic aqueous solution of pH about 5 or less, but is not limited thereto. Can be. The cationic aqueous solution may include, for example, an aqueous solution containing alkali metal or alkaline earth metal ions.

Since the surface of the biopolymer used in the method of stabilizing and improving the soil using the biopolymer according to the present invention has a negative charge, the addition of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal ions to the soil may further improve the binding properties with the soil. Can be.

In one embodiment of the present application, after adding the polymer viscous biopolymer to the soil, may further include heating and cooling the soil, but may not be limited thereto. For example, the polymer viscous biopolymer may be added to the soil, and then sufficiently heated at about 80 ° C. to about 120 ° C., and then cooled to about 40 ° C. to about 60 ° C. or less to induce gelation of the biopolymer. This may not be limited. Further, after the cooling, the method may further include adding a cation of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, for example, an alkali metal cation such as Na ⁺ , K ⁺ , or an alkali earth metal such as Ca ²⁺ , Mg ^2+, or the like. It may be, but may not be limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the present application, after spraying the polymer viscous biopolymer on the surface of the soil, and may further include spraying water, acidic aqueous solution, and / or cationic aqueous solution, but may not be limited thereto. have. For example, an acidic aqueous solution having a pH of about 5 or less may be sprayed to strengthen the gel structure of the biopolymer in the soil, but may not be limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the present application, the soil stabilization and improvement method may be to promote germination or growth of vegetation, but may not be limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the present application, the soil stabilization and improvement method may be to enhance the soil erosion resistance, but may not be limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the present application, the polymer viscous biopolymer may be added to the soil in various ways as follows according to the type and purpose of the polymer viscous biopolymer used, but may not be limited thereto:

1. Method for Enhancing Soil Erosion Resistance Using Polymer Viscous Chain Polysaccharides

Polymeric viscous chain polysaccharide biopolymers are generally polymers having a molecular weight of about 10,000 Da or more, and the fibers are entangled with each other in suspension or aqueous solution to show high viscosity. These polymer viscous chain polysaccharides have a property of binding well with soil particles, especially clay soil particles, due to the electrical properties of the surface. This mutual behavior can be used to enhance the soil stiffness and resistance to erosion by using polymer viscous chain polysaccharides. Soil erosion resistance enhancement method using the polymer viscous chain polysaccharide according to the present application is as follows:

1) Surface treatment by spraying

After spraying the powdery polymer viscous chain polysaccharide on the soil surface, the water is sprinkled to induce penetration into the soil, and also causes the hydrophilic polymer viscous chain polysaccharide to expand and entangle with each other. It is a method of forming a polymer film.

A method of dissolving high-molecular viscous chain polysaccharides in water and spraying them on the soil surface in the form of a suspension or an aqueous solution of about 0.00001% to about 10%. The viscosity is controlled by varying the concentration of the suspension or aqueous solution according to the type of soil. It can facilitate infiltration, combine with soil upon infiltration to form a soil-biopolymer matrix, and increase the soil's stiffness as moisture dries.

2) surface layer mixing treatment

After mixing soil and high molecular viscous chain polysaccharides and placing them on the surface to form a package or coating, the soil or transported soil is mixed with biopolymer and water to make a soil mixture. As a method of pouring on-site, specifically, the biopolymer is added at a ratio of about 0.0001% to about 5% of the dry weight of the soil, and water is about 10% to about 200 by weight of the soil, depending on the type of soil (sand or clay). After mixing the earth dough mixed in the ratio of%, pour the desired thickness on site. In some cases, a step of compacting the poured coating may be further performed.

A soil-biopolymer mixture soil, while spraying or injecting powder or liquid biopolymer while stirring soil with a plow or auger, by mixing the surface of the soil with the biopolymer while simultaneously stirring the surface of the soil. How to formulate.

3) Method using pressure

Scattering the slope soil due to pressure by spraying high pressure viscous chain polysaccharide suspension or aqueous solution in the concentration of about 0.00001% to about 10% on slopes (surfaces, etc.) that are difficult to surface-treat by spraying or premixing. At the same time it is a method of promoting the penetration of biopolymers to form a soil-biopolymer mixed soil coating on the slope.

Soil-bio is obtained by injecting a polymer viscous chain polysaccharide suspension or aqueous solution having a concentration of about 0.00001% to about 10% into the soil at high pressure by infiltrating and diffusing the biopolymer suspension or aqueous solution into the soil. The polymer treatment ground is formed.

In all of the above cases, the soil-biopolymer mixture surface was compacted and then compacted to improve adhesion to the original layer of the soil-biopolymer mixture soil, as well as to increase the density of the soil-biopolymer mixture soil, thereby improving rigidity and durability. You can.

2. Soil Vegetation Enhancement Method of Polymer Viscous Chain Polysaccharides

In order to improve the vegetation of the soil, a high molecular viscous chain polysaccharide biopolymer is used. Polymeric viscous chain-type polysaccharides have high hydrophilicity to maintain the moisture environment in the soil, as well as improve the aeration and water permeability of the soil, and further improve the growth of plant roots, thereby promoting overall vegetation. Specific implementation method is as follows.

1) Composition of Vegetation Soil Using Biopolymer Mixed Soil

Promoting the germination and growth of the plant by directly cultivating the plant using a mixed soil containing a polymer viscous chain polysaccharide biopolymer of about 0.0001% to about 5% relative to the dry weight of the soil as vegetation soil.

2) Vegetation cultivation using biopolymer suspension or aqueous solution

In the vegetation cultivation method, the use of a polymer viscous chain polysaccharide suspension or an aqueous solution of about 0.00001% to about 10% as a growing water is used to suppress the loss of water supplied and to improve the durability of the soil around plants. At the same time it is effective in preventing plant growth.

3. Method of Enhancing Soil Strength Using Polymer Viscous Gelation Polysaccharides

Polymeric viscous gelled polysaccharides refer to materials that show low viscosity in suspension or aqueous solution, but form a gel with high stiffness through chemical or heat treatment. Specifically, the following methods are suggested as ways to increase the strength.

1) Strengthening of Soil-Polymer Viscous Gelled Polysaccharide Soils by Chemical Treatment

After mixing about 0.0001% to about 5% of the polymer viscous gelled polysaccharide with the soil with the soil, and forming a mixed dough having a water content of about 10% (sand) to about 200% (clay) according to the type of soil It is a method of forming a solid soil-biopolymer mixture by inducing gelation of a biopolymer by adding a cation of an alkali metal (Na ⁺ , K ^+, etc.) or alkaline earth metal (Ca ²⁺ , Mg ^2+, etc.) series.

2) Strengthening of Soil-Polymer Viscous Gelled Polysaccharide Mixture Soil Using Heat Treatment

After mixing about 0.0001% to about 5% of the polymer viscous gelled polysaccharide with the soil with the soil, and forming a mixed dough having a water content of about 10% (sand) to about 200% (clay) according to the type of soil This is sufficiently heated to about 80 ℃ to about 120 ℃ condition and then cooled to about 40 ℃ to about 60 ℃ or less to form a gel to form a solid soil-biopolymer mixed soil.

Alternatively, the polymer viscous gelled polysaccharide suspension or aqueous solution at a concentration of about 0.00001% to about 10% is sufficiently heated to about 80 ° C. to about 120 ° C., followed by soil and water content in the range of about 10% (sand) to about 200% (clay). Cooling while mixing with soil in the conditions to induce gel formation at a temperature of about 40 ℃ to about 60 ℃ or less to form a solid soil-biopolymer mixed soil.

In both cases, when the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal material shown in 3-1 is added to the mixture, a stronger soil-biopolymer mixed soil may be formed.

4. Method for Improving Durability of Soil Using Polymer Viscous Gelation Polysaccharides

Polymeric viscous gelled polysaccharide biopolymers generally exhibit low viscosity in an untreated neutral (pH about 7) suspension or in water, but form gels with high stiffness through chemical or thermal treatment. These polymer viscous gelled polysaccharides combine well with soil particles, especially clay soil particles, due to the electrical properties of the surface to form a robust soil-biopolymer matrix. By using this mutual behavior, it is possible to enhance the soil stiffness and resistance to erosion by using a polymer viscous gelled polysaccharide. The specific form is as follows:

1) Surface treatment by spraying

After spraying the powdery polymer viscous gelled polysaccharide on the soil surface, the water is sprinkled to induce penetration into the soil and at the same time, the hydrophilic polymer viscous gelled polysaccharide is induced to expand and coagulate with each other. Can be formed.

In this case, there are three ways to live. First, there is a method of using pure (neutral or weakly alkaline) water, and secondly, the first spraying water uses pure water and the second spraying water sprays an acidic or cationic aqueous solution of low pH (pH about 5 or less) There is a method of promoting aggregation of the infiltrated polymer viscous gelling polysaccharides. Finally, an acidic aqueous solution (pH of about 5 or less) or a cationic aqueous solution is directly sprayed.

A method of dissolving a high-molecular viscous gelled polysaccharide in water and spraying it on the soil surface in the form of a suspension or an aqueous solution of about 0.00001% to about 10% concentration. The viscosity is controlled by varying the concentration of the suspension or the aqueous solution according to the type of soil. It is easy to infiltrate, combine with soil upon infiltration to form soil-biopolymer matrix, and increase the soil's stiffness as the moisture dries.

In this case, three suspension or aqueous solution sprinkling methods exist. First, spraying the biopolymer suspension or the aqueous solution as it is, second, adding the salt to the biopolymer suspension or the aqueous solution to increase the pH (about 9 or more) to lower the viscosity of the suspension or the aqueous solution, and then spraying to increase the permeability in the ground; Third, the first polymer of the biopolymer suspension or the aqueous solution of which the pH was raised to about 9 or more by adding salts to the soil, and then sprinkled with an acidic aqueous solution having a low pH (pH of about 5 or less) by the second spray, was infiltrated. There is a method for promoting the aggregation of gelling polysaccharides.

2) surface layer mixing treatment

A method of pre-mixing soil and high-molecular viscous gelled polysaccharides and placing them on the surface to form a package or coating, wherein the soil or transported soil is viscous gelled polysaccharide biopolymer, neutral or alkaline water (pH about 6 to about 13) is mixed with the 13) to create a soil dough (mixture), and then poured on site, specifically, the biopolymer is added in a ratio of about 0.0001% to 5% of the dry weight of the soil, water is the type of soil (sand or clay quality) ) According to the method to form the soil dough mixed in a ratio of about 10% to about 200% of the weight of the soil and then pour the desired thickness to the site. After pouring, a low pH acidic aqueous solution (pH up to about 5) or a cationic aqueous solution can be sprayed onto the surface to induce penetration to enhance the gel structure of the viscous gelled biopolymer in the mixed soil.

By stirring the surface of the field soil and mixing it with the biopolymer at the same time, while spraying the soil with equipment such as a plow or auger, spraying the biopolymer in powder or liquid state (pH about 7 to about 13) Or it is a method of forming a soil-biopolymer mixed soil while injecting. After mixing and stirring, a low pH acidic aqueous solution (pH of about 5 or less) or a cationic aqueous solution may be sprayed on the surface to induce penetration, thereby strengthening the gel structure of the viscous gelled biopolymer in the mixed soil.

3) Method using pressure

A high pressure spraying polymer viscous gelled polysaccharide suspension or aqueous solution (pH about 6 to about 13) at a concentration of about 0.00001% to about 10% is applied to slopes (surfaces, etc.) that are difficult to surface-treat by spraying or premixing. It is a method of forming a soil-biopolymer mixed soil coating on slopes by promoting disturbance of slope soils and simultaneously penetration of biopolymers. After sparging, a low pH acidic aqueous solution (pH up to about 5) or a cationic aqueous solution may be sprayed on the surface to strengthen the gel structure of the viscous gelled biopolymer in the mixed soil coating.

Using a pressure to grout the polymer viscous gelled polysaccharide suspension or aqueous solution (pH about 6 to about 13) to the ground at a high pressure of about 0.00001% to about 10%, It is a method of penetrating and diffusing to form soil-biopolymer treated ground. After the injection, an additional low pH acidic aqueous solution (pH of about 5 or less) or a cationic aqueous solution may be further injected to strengthen the gel structure of the viscous gelled biopolymer of the soil-biopolymer mixed soil in the soil.

In this case, the soil-biopolymer mixed surface layer is prepared after compaction to improve adhesion to the original layer of the soil-biopolymer mixed soil, as well as to increase the density of the soil-biopolymer mixed soil, thereby improving rigidity and durability. Can be.

5. Method for Improving Penetration of Dirt Viscous Biopolymers in Soil

Polymeric viscous chain polysaccharide biopolymers are generally polymers having a molecular weight of about 10,000 Da or more, and the fibers are entangled with each other in a neutral or acidic suspension (pH of about 7 or less) or in an aqueous solution to show high viscosity. In particular, the viscous chain-type polysaccharides having a negative charge on the surface has a characteristic of increasing viscosity as the pH is lowered. Polymeric viscous chain polysaccharide biopolymers, on the other hand, swell due to high hydrophilicity and become very viscous suspensions or aqueous solutions.

Thus, in order to increase the permeability of the polymer viscous biopolymer in the soil, the viscosity must be lowered. To this end, the present application proposes the following methods.

1) Method using chemical treatment

Increasing the pH of the polymer viscous chain or gelled polysaccharide suspension or aqueous solution at a concentration of about 0.00001% to about 10% results in a lower viscosity. Injecting low-viscosity biopolymer suspensions or aqueous solutions into the ground by spraying or pressure can improve penetration or diffusion into the ground.

After sprinkling or injecting a basic polymer viscous chain polysaccharide suspension or aqueous solution into the soil, additionally spraying or injecting a low pH acidic aqueous solution (pH of about 5 or less) to the viscous chain biopolymer in the soil-biopolymer mixed soil. Can enhance coagulation and gelling between viscous gelling biopolymers

2) using physical processing

A bead mill or the like can be used to lower the viscosity of the polymer viscous chain polysaccharide biopolymer solution, and the tangled polysaccharide chains can be released by stirring the solution using the beads at a rate of about 10,000 ppm or more.

In addition, the polymer viscous chain polysaccharide biopolymer solution may be collided at high pressure (about 150 bar or more) to release physically entangled polysaccharide chains. Polycan ^TM , a chain polysaccharide biopolymer solution, has a viscosity of about 1,000 cps, and when it is collided with a homogenizer at 200 bar, the viscosity decreases to about 30 cps, and the liquid of about 30 cps is again returned. Collision reduces the viscosity to about 16 cps. Viscous properties in soil-biopolymer mixed soils by mixing or injecting a physically low-viscosity polymer viscous chain polysaccharide biopolymer with soil, followed by additional spraying or injection of a low pH acidic aqueous solution (pH below 5) or a cationic aqueous solution Aggregation between chained biopolymers can be enhanced.

3) How to use heat treatment

Sufficient heating of the polymer viscous gelled polysaccharide suspension or aqueous solution at a concentration of about 0.00001% to about 10% to about 80 ° C. to about 120 ° C. lowers the viscosity of the biopolymer suspension or aqueous solution. When the mixture is mixed or injected into the soil at a high temperature, it cools naturally and forms a gel at a temperature of about 40 ° C. to about 60 ° C. or less to form a solid soil-biopolymer mixed soil.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the biopolymer may be added to the soil in various ways for various purposes in various target areas as follows, but may not be limited thereto:

1.Surface coating method using polymer viscous polysaccharide biopolymer

1-1. Method using spraying or sprinkling

By spraying the biopolymer suspension directly onto the surface, it can be easily applied to slopes or slopes as well as flat, diluting solid or liquid biopolymers in certain proportions, and pumps, transfer tubes and nozzles. It sprays by using, and it is a method of forming a coating | coating by binding with soil particle, while a biopolymer suspension penetrates into the ground by gravity.

1-2. Method using wet mixing and spreading method

It is a method of forming a biopolymer mixture soil through pre-mixing, and then laying it in a target area and forming a coating having a specific thickness through compaction. This method has the advantage of forming a homogeneous coating on the site, and through the compaction to increase the adhesion to the base.

The method consists of a device for diluting solid and liquid biopolymers at a certain rate and laying them at the same time, and a compaction device for spreading and laying of soil. The compaction device can be either roller or vibratory.

This method can improve the coating power of the coating surface in parallel with 1-1. This method is useful when a large amount of on-site soil is available on site.

1-3. Dry mix and spray method

This method is applicable when the surface soil is dried, such as a dry area, is a method of dry mixing the dry soil and the powdered biopolymer in the field immediately after spraying water to form a coating.

2. Protection of farmland or pasture using high-molecular viscous polysaccharide biopolymers

Changes in land use due to farming and grazing are the leading causes of soil loss. Therefore, biopolymer treatment technology can be used very effectively for suppressing soil loss of cropland and stockland.

2-1. Grinding Paddy Fields Using Polymer Viscous Polysaccharide Biopolymers

When plowing cropland before sowing, plowing is performed with biopolymer powder or suspension. In general, pre-sowing cropland has a hard surface, so spraying a biopolymer suspension in advance can improve the working efficiency of the plowing, and can also increase the resistance to erosion of the whole cropland as the topsoil and the biopolymer are evenly mixed. .

Alternatively, a method may be proposed in which a direct injection nozzle is attached to the head of the plow to plow and at the same time a biopolymer suspension is supplied from the tip to enhance local efficiency.

2-2. Farm or Pasture Protection by Aircraft

In recent years, modern agriculture has been increasing the use of pesticides and herbicides in the case of large farms or pastures. Therefore, in order to improve soil erosion resistance using the biopolymer proposed in the present invention, a technique of spraying a biopolymer suspension using an aircraft may be proposed as needed even in farming and pasture.

3. Environment-friendly Waterfront Space Using Polymer Viscous Polysaccharide Biopolymer

Waterside spaces are adjacent to water, so there is always a possibility of water erosion. Therefore, the improvement of the soil using biopolymers in the construction of waterside space is expected to reduce the overall soil loss.

4. Coastal Soil Protection Using Polymer Viscous Polysaccharide Biopolymers

It can be used for coastal ground protection such as coastal white sand and coastal sand dunes using biopolymer treatment.

5. Vegetation ground composition method using polymer viscous polysaccharide biopolymer

Biopolymer treatment enhances the germination and growth of vegetation, so it can be applied to the field in various forms.

5-1. Method using spray method

The method of spraying the biopolymer suspension at high pressure can be easily applied not only to flat lands but also to inclined slopes or slopes, and dilutes the solid or liquid biopolymer at a predetermined ratio, and optionally mixes additives homogeneously. It consists of a mixing tank, a high pressure pump suitable for the high viscosity characteristics of the biopolymer suspension, a delivery tube system, and a special nozzle which can effectively spray the biopolymer mixture (FIG. 13). Special nozzles must meet the conditions for spraying fine particles, such as vegetation seeds.

5-2. Method using wet mixed laying method

It is a method of forming a biopolymer mixture soil through pre-mixing, and then laying it in a target area and forming a coating having a specific thickness through compaction. This method has the advantage of forming a homogeneous coating on the site, and through the compaction to increase the adhesion to the base.

The method consists of a device for diluting a solid or liquid biopolymer in a proportion and diluting with soil and other additives at the same time, and a compaction device for unfolding the installed soil (FIG. 14). The compaction device can be either roller or vibratory.

This method can improve the coating power of the coating surface in parallel with Method 5-1. This method is useful when a large amount of on-site soil is available on site.

5-3. Dry mix and spray method

This method is sprayed by dry spraying method using dual transfer system without pre-mixing, and mixed with liquid biopolymer, soil and other additives, and then attached to the ground. Use it to maximize the effect.

The core of the method is the dual transport of the spreading material, the wet transport system transports and spreads the liquid biopolymer suspension, and the dry transport system transports and sprays dry soil and other additives, thereby clogging in the transfer pipe. Its purpose is to reduce construction problems and to maximize the efficiency of field work.

The system of the method includes a mixing tank for largely forming a biopolymer suspension in a liquid state, a high pressure pump and conveying tube system suitable for the high viscosity characteristics of the biopolymer suspension, a mixing tank for uniformly mixing solid soil and other additives, and a high pressure. It consists of a dual-nozzle capable of independently injecting a solids pump and a delivery tube system, a liquid biopolymer and a solid soil and other additives that can be transferred to the furnace (FIG. 15).

6. Environment-friendly Landscaping Using Polymer Viscous Polysaccharide Biopolymer

Method 3 and 4 according to an embodiment of the present application it is confirmed that the treatment of the polymer viscous polysaccharide biopolymer is effective in promoting germination and growth of vegetation. Therefore, the present application proposes an environment-friendly landscape composition method using a biopolymer that does not depend on the existing chemical fertilizer.

In the case of rapeseed, after forming a polymer viscous polysaccharide biopolymer coating layer on the surface layer, the seeds are directly sprayed or a vegetation mat is installed. After seeding, the seed is left without post treatment or a toffee of a certain thickness is formed to protect the seed from the external environment and to induce the germination of the seed.

In the case of slopes such as a slope or a slope, a biopolymer coating layer is formed on the surface, and then the seeds are directly sprayed or a vegetation mat is applied. After sowing the seeds, they can be left without post-treatment or additional coatings of a certain thickness can be used to protect the seeds from the external environment and to promote germination.

7. Environment-friendly Waterfront Space Utilizing Polymer Viscous Polysaccharide Biopolymer

Biopolymers are environmentally friendly and biodegradable over time, resulting in extremely low water and water ecosystem disturbances when applied to the waterfront compared to conventional cement or chemical materials. Active utilization in the furtherance is expected. The general shape of the river and waterside space is shown in FIG. It is usually divided into a bank (B), a ciliary site (C) inside the bank, and a periphery (A) outside the bank to prevent flooding. As a method for creating an environment-friendly waterfront space, the present invention performs the following implementation method for each space.

A (ambient space): All methods of method 5 can be applied depending on site conditions.

Soil stabilization and improvement methods using biopolymers according to the present application can be applied as an environmentally friendly soil reinforcement method using biopolymers in surrounding grounds to suppress back erosion due to river dredging and water level change.

B (bank): Applicable to method 5-1 or 5-3

As an alternative to the concrete blocks or sandstones used for the embankment and the revetment wall, the soil stabilization and improvement method using the biopolymer according to the present application can be applied as a dike and revetment method using the biopolymer mixture soil.

In addition, the soil stabilization and improvement method according to the present application may be applied as a bank surface coating method using a biopolymer in order to suppress the water penetration into the bank in the high water level or flood level.

C (Fixed ground): All methods of method 5 can be applied depending on site conditions

The soil stabilization and remediation method according to the present application can be applied as a method for improving the soil erosion resistance using biopolymers to suppress irregular soil erosion such as partial erosion of the inflow portion or gully on the flat land. have.

According to the method of stabilizing and improving the soil using the biopolymer of the present application, an environment-friendly vegetation-promoting soil composition and / or a composition for preventing soil erosion can be prepared. In addition, the vegetation enhancement method according to the present application by using an eco-friendly and beneficial to the human body, by improving the structure and water conditions of the soil through the interaction between the soil and the biopolymer, as well as to improve the resistance to erosion, Enhance the vegetation and stabilize the vegetation (sufficient rooting).

The second aspect of the present application provides a soil composition for promoting germination or growth of vegetation, which is prepared by the method of stabilizing and improving the soil of the first aspect of the present application, and which comprises a polymer viscous biopolymer.

In one embodiment of the present application, about 100 parts by weight of soil may include about 20 parts by weight or less of the polymer viscous biopolymer, but may not be limited thereto. For example, the polymer viscous biopolymer may be used in an amount of about 0.00001 parts by weight to about 15 parts by weight, about 0.00001 parts by weight to about 10 parts by weight, about 0.00001 parts by weight to about 5 parts by weight, based on about 100 parts by weight of soil. 0.00001 parts by weight to about 1 part by weight, about 0.00001 parts by weight to about 0.5 parts by weight, about 0.00001 parts by weight to about 0.1 parts by weight, about 0.0001 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 0.01 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 0.05 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 0.1 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 0.5 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 1 part by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 5 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, or About 10 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, but may not be limited thereto.

The third aspect of the present application is prepared by the method of stabilizing and improving the soil of the first aspect of the present application, and provides a composition for preventing soil erosion, comprising a polymer viscous biopolymer.

In one embodiment of the present application, about 100 parts by weight of soil may include about 20 parts by weight or less, but may not be limited thereto. For example, the polymer viscous biopolymer may be used in an amount of about 0.00001 parts by weight to about 15 parts by weight, about 0.00001 parts by weight to about 10 parts by weight, about 0.00001 parts by weight to about 5 parts by weight, based on about 100 parts by weight of soil. 0.00001 parts by weight to about 1 part by weight, about 0.00001 parts by weight to about 0.5 parts by weight, about 0.00001 parts by weight to about 0.1 parts by weight, about 0.0001 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 0.01 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 0.05 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 0.1 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 0.5 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 1 part by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 5 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, or About 10 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, but may not be limited thereto.

A fourth aspect of the present application provides an earth building material or member, prepared by the soil stabilization and improvement method of the first aspect of the present application, and comprising a polymer viscous biopolymer.

The strength and durability enhancement effect of the soil using the biopolymer according to the present application can be utilized in the field of construction and building materials using the soil. In particular, biopolymer blending ensures higher strength and durability than soil-based soil construction (walls or columns, etc.), and biodegradation of organic materials (compared with traditional methods of straw, etc.). It is possible to overcome the problem of functional degradation due to degradation, and it is possible to construct a highly environmentally friendly building construction compared to the method using chemical additives (gypsum, cement, etc.). The soil building material and member may include, for example, a wall, a floor, a brick, a block, a board, a panel, and the like, but may not be limited thereto. The member means a construction subsidiary material.

In general, the soil construction is a form of mixing the natural soil with water to secure workability, and then molded into a brick or block form, or directly applied to the wall or floor. In this case, in order to improve the strength and durability of the wall or flooring material, a method of adding fibers such as straw or mixing chemical additives is used. Soil wall construction method using the biopolymer according to the present application is different from the existing method.

In one embodiment of the present application, the soil may be selected from the group consisting of fine (clay), coarse (sand), and combinations thereof, but may not be limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the present application, about 100 parts by weight of soil may include about 20 parts by weight or less, but may not be limited thereto. For example, the polymer viscous biopolymer may be used in an amount of about 0.00001 parts by weight to about 15 parts by weight, about 0.00001 parts by weight to about 10 parts by weight, about 0.00001 parts by weight to about 5 parts by weight, based on about 100 parts by weight of soil. 0.00001 parts by weight to about 1 part by weight, about 0.00001 parts by weight to about 0.5 parts by weight, about 0.00001 parts by weight to about 0.1 parts by weight, about 0.0001 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 0.01 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 0.05 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 0.1 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 0.5 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 1 part by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 5 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, or About 10 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, but may not be limited thereto.

Hereinafter, this application is demonstrated in detail using an Example. However, the present application is not limited thereto.

Example 1 Soil Erosion Resistance Measurement Using Biopolymer

Various indoor experiments were conducted to verify the soil erosion inhibitory effects of biopolymers. In the present embodiment, a beta-1,3 / 1,6-glucan-based liquid product (8.9 g / L beta glucan content; glucan) was used as the polymer chain biopolymer material.

As a gelation polymer, xanthan gum (Sigma-Aldrich; CAS 1138-66-2) in a pure powder state, which is widely used as a food curing agent, was applied to this example. Xanthan gum's greatest feature is its stability at various temperature and pH conditions.

The basic method for carrying out the invention was to measure the soil loss amount in each case by mixing the soil with the biopolymer and reproducing rainfall conditions, to evaluate the resistance to the soil erosion in general. Details are as follows.

1. Erosion Resistance to Repeated Rainfall of Biopolymer Treated Soils

In the present embodiment, a granite residue (ocher), which is a main component of Halloysite: Al ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ (OH) ₄ , which is a representative soil of Korea, was used as a representative soil sample. After the natural drying, the clay was ground to a size of 0.07 mm to 0.15 mm, and then dried at 110 ° C. to remove residual organic matter.

Prepare three sample plates (A, B, C; see Figure 1) and fill each with 2,000 g of soil, A is 1,200 g (60% by weight of soil), B is 1,200 g of liquid beta-1 10 g of powdered xanthan gum and 1,200 g of distilled water were uniformly mixed with soil in, 3 / 1,6-glucan (0.5% beta glucan to soil weight ratio) and C, respectively.

For rainfall simulation, a watering machine as shown in FIG. 2 was used, and the angle of the sample plate was set to 20 ° C. The total weight of the sample plate was measured before rainfall simulation, and the volume and mass were measured by collecting the outflow slurry after 500 mL of rainfall simulation. After rainfall simulation, the total weight of the sample plate was measured to calculate the amount of soil absorption. The outflow slurry was dried immediately to derive soil erosion based on the mass difference before and after drying. Rainfall simulation was carried out in a two-day cycle for a total of 10 times.

The soil loss according to each rainfall simulation is shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Table 2 shows the results of converting the soil loss by the number of rainfall in Table 1 to the cumulative loss rate (%) relative to the initial total soil weight (2,000 g).

TABLE 2

As a result, the biopolymer-treated soil had a cumulative loss rate of 0% to 1% for a total of 10 rainfall simulations, while the soil without any treatment was found to lose 21% of soil. In particular, among the biopolymers, beta-1,3 / 1,6-glucan had a cumulative loss rate of only 0.1%, indicating that resistance to erosion was significantly higher.

2. Erosion resistance against concentrated rainfall of biopolymer treated soil

In order to verify the erosion resistance to high concentration rainfall other than the periodic rainfall, samples of the same conditions in the same condition of the specific content for the practice of the present invention were prepared and then simulated the concentrated rainfall. For intensive rainfall, 500 mL of rainfall was sprinkled 15 times at 10 minute intervals, and the total sample weight and soil loss before and after the rainfall were measured as above.

The cumulative loss rate (%) of soil by intensive rainfall simulation is shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3

Comparing the results of Table 2 and Table 3, it can be seen that the cumulative loss rate of the soil without any treatment under the concentrated rainfall condition is significantly increased (21.2 → 31.8; based on 10 cumulative rainfall). What was unusual was the fact that the resistance to concentrated rainfall in biopolymer-treated soils was still high (<1%).

As a result, it was confirmed that the biopolymer treatment drastically increased the resistance to soil sedimentation for both repetitive and concentrated rainfall conditions.

Example 2 Measurement of Vegetation Enhancement Effect Using Biopolymer

In this example, various indoor experiments were conducted to verify the vegetation enhancement effect of the biopolymer. In this embodiment, beta-1,3 / 1,6-glucan-based liquid product (glucan Co., Ltd.) was used as the polymer chain biopolymer material. In addition, as a gelation polymer, xanthan gum (Sigma-Aldrich; CAS 1138-66-2) in a pure powder state, which is widely used as a food curing agent, was applied to this example.

The basic method for carrying out the invention is to mix the soil with the corresponding biopolymer, sowing crops and cultivating under constant temperature and humidity conditions to check the germination and growth of seeds, further analyzing the structure of the soil and how the biopolymer treated soil is planted. It was confirmed whether it affects the growth of. Details are as follows.

1. Seed Germination for Biopolymer Treated Soil

In the present embodiment, a granite residue (ocher), which is a main component of Halloysite: Al ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ (OH) ₄ , which is a representative soil of Korea, was used as a representative soil sample. After the natural drying, the clay was ground to a size of 0.07 mm to 0.15 mm, and then dried at 110 ° C. to remove residual organic matter.

Six pots were prepared and three (A, B, and C) were filled with basic soil, and the remaining three (D, E, and F) were artificially commercially available. A and D are pure soil conditions without any treatment, B and E are mixed with Xanthan gum, which is equivalent to 1% of soil weight. Finally, C and F are beta equivalent to 0.5% of soil weight. Glucan (Beta-glucan) was mixed. On top of that, about 600 seeds of oat were evenly sown with test crops, and then covered. A, B, C, D, E, F were all sprinkled with water so that the initial water content (the amount of water to the weight of the soil) is 60% and placed in a greenhouse at the same temperature and sunshine conditions (Fig. 3). Germination and growth trends were observed daily and the same amount of water was supplied to each pot when watering.

Seed germination results according to the cultivation day of each pot is shown in Table 4.

Table 4

As a result, it was confirmed that seed germination was promoted in biopolymer-treated soil in both loess and cultured soil. Among the biopolymers, beta glucan was more efficient than xanthan gum. In particular, when the germination of the cultured soil was better than the loess, the germination of the ocher (C) treated with betaglucan showed better results than that of the cultured soil (D) without any treatment. Improvement could be confirmed.

2. Plant Growth for Biopolymer Treated Soil

In the above example, seed germination was observed and growth of the entire vegetation was observed. As a method of observation, each pollen was divided into 8 zones, and the average growth length of the vegetation was measured in each zone to obtain the average of the whole. Growth results according to the cultivation day of each pot are shown in Table 5.

Table 5

As a result of the cultivation, it was confirmed that the growth of vegetation in the soil treated with the biopolymer in both ocher and cultured soil (FIG. 4). Among the biopolymers, the effect of beta glucan was much better than xanthan gum. In the case of ocher, it was confirmed that plant growth was promoted up to 5 times in beta glucan treated soil in the early stage (day 0 to 12). In particular, the growth of beta glucan-treated ocher (C) showed similar trends in the growth of untreated soil (D), indicating that beta-glucan treatment significantly improved soil performance not suitable for plant growth. there was.

3. Microstructure Analysis of Biopolymer Treated Soil

To determine how biopolymers interact with soils in soils to enhance vegetation growth, the interaction of soil-biopolymer-vegetation roots was observed using an electron projection microscope (SEM; Philips XL30SFEG). 5a-5c).

5a shows that the ocher particles and the vegetation roots are densely attached as a result of the ocher not treated at all. In the case of beta glucan treated ocher of Figure 5b, it is determined that the polymer beta glucan chains have an effect of improving the air permeability and moisture permeability of the soil as a whole by expanding the pores in the soil. In the case of xanthan gum treated soil (FIG. 5C), the overall soil structure is denser than that of the beta glucan treated soil of FIG. 5B, but due to gelation, the soil particles form agglomerates, resulting in a looser structure than the untreated soil of FIG. 5A. Visibility is observed. Therefore, it could be confirmed that the biopolymer treatment broadens the pores of the soil to create an environment in which the roots of the vegetation can grow well.

4. Verification of water retention performance of biopolymer treated soil

Vegetation growth and soil water content are closely related. The longer soil moisture content is maintained, the better the initial growth of the plant. Therefore, experiments were conducted to compare the water retention characteristics of biopolymer treated soil and soil.

Three samples of the same amount (200 g) of ocher soil were prepared, and the initial water content was determined for the beta glucan treatment, 0.5% of the soil weight, xanthan gum treatment, and 0.5% of the soil weight, respectively. Matched to 60% and dried at room temperature. The weight of the specimen was weighed over time to determine the amount of water lost (evaporated). Evaporation rate over time [%; Initial water content (120 g)] The results are shown in Table 6.

Table 6

According to Table 6 it can be seen that all the biopolymers according to the present application maintain a good moisture content in the soil as compared to the soil without any treatment. In the early stages, the moisture of the soil surface evaporated mainly, so the difference between the biopolymer treated soil and the untreated soil was not large.However, in the medium and long-term behavior in which water in the soil is lost, the biopolymer treatment has an excellent effect on suppressing moisture loss in the soil. I could confirm it.

Example 3: Polymer Viscous Gelled Polysaccharide Biopolymer-Soil Mixing Using Heat Treatment

Regardless of the type of soil, in order to mix the polymer viscous gelled biopolymer and soil using thermal gelation, an aqueous solution of the polymer viscous gelled polysaccharide biopolymer and soil at high temperature were prepared. The powdered biopolymer was dissolved in a solvent (water) at a high temperature (80 ° C.), and then mixed with the heated soil to prevent premature gelation due to rapid temperature drop during mixing. An important point in forming a high temperature aqueous solution of biopolymer is that the concentration of the biopolymer (solvent-to-solvent) must be properly adjusted. Typically, agar absorbs water equivalent to 20 times its mass due to hydrophilic at room temperature, and its solubility increases with increasing temperature. It is desirable to formulate high temperature solutions up to 10% (10 g / 100 mL) for agar and up to 3% (3 g / 100 mL) for gellan gum, because further powders are not completely soluble in water. Because it does not.

The high temperature gelled biopolymer solution was uniformly mixed with high temperature soil, and mixed with soil such as ocher (viscosity soil type) at 60% (solution weight to soil weight) or less, and sand soil at 30% or less. After mixing, it can be molded to the desired purpose and then cured in air or in quartz. The summary of this process is as shown in FIG.

Example 4 Cooling and Curing Methods of Thermally Gelled Biopolymer-Soil Compositions

Various indoor viscous thermal gelled polysaccharide biopolymer-soil specimens were prepared and measured for strength using clay and sand under room conditions. For each soil, the agar and gellan gum contents were blended at 1% and 3% of the soil weight, respectively. For the ocher, the initial water / soil mixture ratio was 60%, and in the case of sand, the water / soil mixture ratio was 30%. The strength of the specimens subjected to spontaneous cooling and air curing in the air after mixing were as shown in FIGS. 7 (ocher) and 8 (sand). According to the results of FIGS. 7 and 8, it can be seen that the compressive strength of the soil is significantly increased by the thermal gelation biopolymer mixture. In particular, in the case of ocher it was confirmed that the maximum strength reaches 12 MPa to form a very hard soil composition. This shows that both agar and gellan gum are negatively charged, forming tighter bonds with ocher particles that carry surface charges.

However, in the case of the ocher specimens subjected to natural cooling and air curing in air, up to 20% of the dry shrinkage (volumetric strain) behavior was found to solve this problem. The specimens were cooled in cold water by rapid cooling of the specimens (3% agar and 3% gellan gum) immediately after compounding and molding as in the procedure of FIG. 6 (FIG. 9). As a result of air curing the specimen after sufficient cooling, it was confirmed that the final dry shrinkage was reduced to 10% or less. Therefore, it was confirmed that the initial gelation of the biopolymer-soil composition is very important to prevent dry shrinkage, and various methods, such as cold water, refrigerant, cold air, and refrigeration, may be applied.

Finally, in order to confirm the behavior of rapid cooling and underwater curing conditions, the specimens were immediately submerged in water and subjected to long-term underwater curing. Long-term immersion and saturated soils have almost no compressive strength, whereas soils treated with thermally gelled biopolymers have compressive strengths of about 50 kPa to about 200 kPa under 28-day immersion conditions, and thermally gelled biopolymers in water. It can be seen that the soil composition is effective (FIG. 10). The peculiarity is that the volume change is close to 0% for rapid cooling and aquatic curing. As a result, it was confirmed that the thermal gelling biopolymer can be used as a very stable ground injection and treatment agent because there is no volume change in the application of water and submerged state.

Example 5: Durability Review for Water

In order to examine the water resistance of the thermally gelled biopolymer treated soil, re-immersion and strength measurements were performed on the most sensitive conditions, natural cooling and air curing specimens. Two months after curing, the specimens were immersed in water for one week. The uniaxial compressive strength and volume expansion rate were evaluated at 7 days after immersion.

In the case of 3% agar treated soil, the final strength of the dry state was 12 MPa, which was lowered to 600 kPa after immersion, and in the case of 3% treated gellan gum, the dry strength was lowered to 500 kPa after immersion at 10 MPa. Showed. It is important to note that in all cases, the specimens retained their original shape, with slight volume expansion due to water absorption (see Table 7).

TABLE 7

In this regard, Figure 11 shows a conceptual diagram of a method for manufacturing environmentally friendly soil building material using a thermal gelling biopolymer according to an embodiment of the present application. With the method shown in FIG. 11, when constructing soil building materials (walls, panels, bricks, etc.) using thermal gelled biopolymers, high strength, high durability building materials can be implemented. Thermal gelling is characterized by low viscosity at temperatures above 80 ° C and the formation of highly viscous Gel-matrices when cooled below 40 ° C. It is important not to lose high temperatures until. Therefore, the soil and the aqueous solution of biopolymers are respectively heated and mixed at a specific temperature (for example, 80 ° C.) or higher, and the biopolymer-soil mixture thus formed is poured into a molding mold, and then cooled. Various shapes can be realized according to the mold. After being poured into the mold, it is hardened while cooling to 40 ° C. or lower. In this case, it is hardened by natural cooling in air or by metal cooling using water or other refrigerant. In the case of the thermal gelled biopolymer according to the present embodiment, the water permeability is very low, so it was confirmed that the soil structure is not disturbed even when soaked in water initially. I can make it.

Overall, the biopolymer-soil composition presented in the present invention can be confirmed to have excellent durability against water. Therefore, the present technology can be applied in the form of injecting or stirring a high temperature biopolymer solution directly into the ground for the purpose of ordering and shielding the ground or other reinforcement. The specific implementation method is the same as FIG.

Example 6: Strength Review of Biopolymer Mixed Soil Building Materials (Panels)

In order to examine the feasibility of biopolymer-treated soil as a building material, 15 mm thick panel specimens were made using the most widely used soil in soil construction, and flexural strength of each panel was tested by the standard test method (KS F 3504). strength) was measured.

For comparison, the flexural strengths were compared for the condition of no additives, 10% gypsum soil, and 0.5% and 1.0% of beta-glucan and xanthan gum, respectively. The results are shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 17, the flexural strength was less than 100 kPa in the dry state of the soil which had not been treated, and the polymer viscous biopolymer according to the present embodiment was not shown, even when the gypsum 10% was mixed. The mixed specimens showed a marked increase in flexural strength. In general, when it is included in the 0.5% weight ratio, the strength of about 200 kPa is shown, and when it is included in the 1% weight ratio, it has been confirmed that the bending strength is close to 400 kPa. Based on this, the soil construction and the construction using the polymer viscous biopolymer The use of materials is considered to be a good alternative to overcome the low strength and low durability problems of conventional soil construction.

The foregoing description of the application is intended for illustration, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be easily modified in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are exemplary in all respects and not restrictive. For example, each component described as a single type may be implemented in a distributed manner, and similarly, components described as distributed may be implemented in a combined form.

The scope of the present application is shown by the claims below rather than the detailed description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention. .

Claims (23)

1. A method of soil stabilization and improvement comprising adding a polymeric viscous biopolymer to the soil.
2. The method of claim 1,

   The polymer viscous biopolymer comprises a polysaccharide-based or amino acid-based biopolymer, soil stabilization and improvement method.
3. The method of claim 2,

   The polysaccharide-based polymer viscous biopolymer comprises a polymer chain biopolymer or a gelled biopolymer, soil stabilization and improvement method.
4. The method of claim 1,

   The polymer viscous biopolymer includes a substance having glucose as a monomer, and includes beta glucan, alpha glucan, xantham gum, gellan gum, wellan, agar, succinoglycan, curdlan, and A method of stabilizing and improving soil, comprising one selected from the group consisting of combinations thereof.
5. The method of claim 1,

   Wherein said polymeric viscous biopolymer comprises one selected from the group consisting of chitosan, gamma fiji A (γPGA), and combinations thereof.
6. The method of claim 1,

   A method of stabilizing and improving the soil comprising adding the polymer viscous biopolymer to 20 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the soil.
7. The method of claim 1,

   The polymer viscous biopolymer is to expand the pores in the soil, to maintain the soil water properties, and to increase the bonding force between the soil particles, soil stabilization and improvement method.
8. The method of claim 1,

   Adding the polymer viscous biopolymer to the soil is performed by mixing the polymer viscous biopolymer with the soil, spraying on the surface of the soil, or injecting into the soil. .
9. The method of claim 1,

   And adding the polymer viscous biopolymer to the soil in an aqueous or basic aqueous solution.
10. The method of claim 1,

    Soil stabilization and improvement comprising the addition of the polymer viscous biopolymer to the soil in powder form.
11. The method of claim 1,

    And adding the polymer viscous biopolymer to the soil, and then adding a cation of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.
12. The method of claim 1,

    After adding the polymer viscous biopolymer to the soil, further comprising adding an acidic aqueous solution or cationic aqueous solution, soil stabilization and improvement method.
13. The method of claim 1,

    Adding the polymer viscous biopolymer to the soil, and then further heating and cooling the soil.
14. The method of claim 13,

    And after the cooling, further comprising adding a cation of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.
15. The method of claim 8,

    And spraying the polymer viscous biopolymer onto the surface of the soil and then watering the water acidic aqueous solution and / or the cationic aqueous solution.
16. The method of claim 1,

    The soil stabilization and improvement method is to improve the germination or growth of vegetation, soil stabilization and improvement method.
17. The method of claim 1,

    The soil stabilization and improvement method is to promote soil erosion resistance, soil stabilization and improvement method.
18. A soil composition prepared by the method for stabilizing and improving the soil of any one of claims 1 to 17, comprising a polymer viscous biopolymer.
19. The method of claim 18,

    Containing 20 parts by weight or less of the polymer viscous biopolymer with respect to 100 parts by weight of soil, soil composition for promoting germination or growth of vegetation.
20. 18. A method for preventing soil erosion, which is prepared by the method for stabilizing and improving the soil of any one of claims 1 to 17, comprising a polymer viscous biopolymer.
21. The method of claim 20,

    A composition for preventing soil erosion comprising 20 parts by weight or less of the polymer viscous biopolymer with respect to 100 parts by weight of soil.
22. A soil building material or member prepared by the soil stabilization and remediation method of any one of claims 1 to 17 and comprising a polymeric viscous biopolymer.
23. The method of claim 22,

    A soil building material or member comprising less than 20 parts by weight of said polymeric viscous biopolymer relative to 100 parts by weight of soil.

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