WO2014053088A1

WO2014053088A1 - Submerged buoy or counterweight pulley mooring system

Info

Publication number: WO2014053088A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/083876
Authority: WO
Inventors: 曲言明
Original assignee: Qu Yanming
Priority date: 2012-10-03
Filing date: 2013-09-22
Publication date: 2014-04-10

Abstract

A submerged buoy or counterweight pulley mooring system, wherein the submerged buoy pulley mooring system comprises a submerged buoy (1), a fixed pulley (2), an anchor base (4), a rope (3), and a knot (25); one end of a chain (16) is fastened to the anchor base (4), and the other end of said chain (16) is fastened to a support for the fixed pulley (2); the rope (3) is wound around the fixed pulley (2); one end of the rope (3) is fastened to the submerged buoy (1), and the other end is fastened to a floating body requiring mooring (7); a knot (25) is provided on the rope between the fixed pulley (2) and the floating body requiring mooring (7), said knot being located near the fixed pulley (2). The counterweight pulley mooring system comprises a counterweight (43), a fixed pulley (2), an anchor base (4), a rope (3), and a knot; a fixed pulley support (26) is fastened by means of a chain to a floating body requiring mooring (7); the rope (3) is wound around the fixed pulley (2); one end of the rope (3) is fastened to the anchor base (4), and the other end is fastened to the counterweight (43); a knot is provided on the rope between the fixed pulley (2) and the anchor base (43), said knot being located near the fixed pulley (2). The present mooring system, through the combination of a plurality of submerged buoy/counterweight pulley anchoring units forming a perimeter and collectively restraining in the center thereof a floating body requiring mooring, makes it possible to avoid such problems as the breaking of an anchor chain or the slipping of an anchor resulting from a sharp increase in mooring restraining force, thus providing increased storm resistance and also decreasing mooring costs.

Description

Submarine or counterweight pulley mooring system

Technical field

The invention relates to a mooring system.

Background technique

The current mooring system generally connects the working floating body and the anchor base directly with ropes. There are two main types, one is catenary mooring. The disadvantage of this method is the mooring binding force and the working floating body. The horizontal displacement relationship curve is a curve that is low and flat and then rises sharply. That is to say, the mooring binding force is either too small or suddenly increases too fast until the rope breaks, which will cause the drift of the working floating body to be large when the rope is slack. In the storm, when the drift is completely straightened, a big wave hits. Because there is no cushioning, the mooring force is soaring, it is easy to break the chain or pull the anchor. Another type of mooring is tensioning. In this way, the rope is always in a tight state, and there is also a problem that the pulling force is too large and small, and the anti-fatigue requirements of the anchor base and the rope are also high. The mooring effect of the above two mooring systems is not good.

Summary of the invention

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a submersible pulley mooring system which is capable of making the return tension of the rope relatively stable over a wide range when the mooring floating body is to be displaced.

The technical solution of the invention:

A submarine pulley mooring system, comprising a submarine mark, a pulley, an anchor base and a rope, one end of a rope is attached to a submersible with a specific gravity smaller than water, and the other end is wound around a pulley and attached to a mooring floating body, the pulley The bracket is attached to the anchor by a rope or connected to the anchor by a ball joint;

A knot is attached to the rope, and the knot is a raised point on the rope, which may be a solid attached to the rope, or a knot tied by the rope itself;

In addition, along the rope, there is also a blocking member between the knot and the submersible, the blocking member does not occupy the movement path space of the rope, but occupies the movement path space of the knot, and the blocking member may be a pulley, a pulley frame itself, or Is the pulley and the pressing roller adjacent thereto, the rope passing through the gap between the pulley and the pressure roller; the blocking member may also be an additional solid attached to the pulley frame or the anchor base;

The above comprises a submersible pulley anchoring unit; the ropes of the plurality of peripheral submersible pulley anchoring units jointly pull the mooring floating body at the center, and the mooring floating body or a plurality of interconnected floating bodies.

The second mooring system, namely the counterweight pulley mooring system, includes the counterweight, the pulley, the anchor base, the rope, the pulley bracket is connected by a rope or connected by a ball joint to the floating body to be moored, one end of the rope is tied On the anchorage of the seabed, the other end bypasses the pulley and is a weight with a specific gravity greater than water;

a knot is attached to the rope, and the knot is a raised point on the rope, which may be a solid on the rope, or the rope itself Knotted knot

In addition, a blocking member is further disposed between the knot and the weight along the rope, the blocking member does not occupy the movement path space of the rope, but occupies the movement path space of the knot, and the blocking member may be a pulley, a pulley frame itself, or Is a pressure roller that is close to the pulley, the rope passes through the gap between the pulley and the pressure roller; the blocking member may also be another solid connected to the pulley frame or to the mooring floating body;

The above comprises a weighted pulley anchoring unit; the moored floating body is pulled outward by the ropes of the plurality of sets of weighted pulley anchoring units, and the moored floating body may also be a plurality of interconnected floating bodies.

The third mooring system does not use a blocking member; for the submersible pulley anchoring unit, there is a blocking cable or a folding connecting rod, one end of which is connected with the knot between the pulley and the submersible, and the other end is connected to the anchor base or On the pulley frame; for the weight pulley anchoring unit, there is a damper cable or a folding link, one end of which is connected with the knot between the pulley and the counterweight, and the other end is connected to the moored floating body.

All of the above mooring systems have pulleys and knots, which use natural gravity or buoyancy to apply a constant restoring force to the mooring buoys by bypassing the pulleys. When the lock is reset to a certain point, the knot is blocked. , causing the rope to slack and the resetting force to disappear.

The first two mooring systems, for the submersible pulley anchoring unit, the knot is between the pulley and the moored floating body, and for the counterweight pulley anchoring unit, the knot is between the pulley and the anchor base; The gap between the two sides of the pulley frame or the gap between the pulley frame and the pulley, or the gap between the pulley and the pressure roller.

A spring is arranged between the blocking member and the knot. If the pulley and the pulley frame itself are used as a blocking member, a spring and a piercing ball are arranged on the rope between the knot and the pulley, and the order is a knot, a spring, a punching ball, The pulley, the spring, the perforated ball can slide on the rope, the knot, the spring, the punch ball can be separate elements from each other, or can be connected together; the perforated ball is not limited to the perforated solid whose geometry is spherical, but also includes For other shapes of solids, the size of the perforated ball exceeds the gap between the two sides of the pulley frame or the gap between the pulley frame and the pulley or the gap between the roller and the pulley cannot pass; if the blocking member is another solid, the spring can be fixed on the blocking member or the knot.

For mooring systems that use submersibles, the submarine or counterweight is water-dropped, or has a tapered panel, or a ring, and a single-open door on the ring.

The two sets of submersible pulley anchoring units share a submersible mark, that is, the ropes on the two fixed pulleys are wound up on the same moving pulley, and the bracket of the movable pulley is connected with a submersible.

The moored floating body is a plurality of floats, the float is in the form of a capsule, and the center of the connecting rope between the floating body and the floating body is heavy. The lower end of the floating body is tied with a rope, and the lower end of the rope is suspended from a suspended plate in the water, and the hanging plate is a flat plate. , with a fence at the edge.

The bottom end of the mooring floating body is provided with a bottom column, and the upper end of the mooring floating body is required, and the bottom end of the bottom column is anchored by a plurality of surrounding submersible pulley anchoring units or weighted pulley anchoring units. The anchor base is a hollow structure, the bottom of the inner cavity communicates with the seawater through the bottom hole, a gas pipe enters the anchor base cavity, the gas pipe port is at the top of the inner cavity, the gas pipe outside the anchor base extends to the sea surface, and a controlled switch is connected to the gas pipe The valve has a threaded anchor at the lower end of the anchor that can be rotated by a controlled motor.

The invention has the following advantages:

1) The knot in the present invention abruptly handles the pulling force of the rope, and when the mooring floating body needs to be displaced, the pulling force of the rope opposite to the resetting direction can be eliminated, thereby preventing the rope restoring forces from canceling each other.

2) It can make the working float in a wide range of displacement, the return tension of the rope is kept relatively stable, and it does not increase the initial force and then increase like the catenary or tension mooring system. Large, so when the waves are small, the mooring is more stable, and when the waves are large, the problem of anchor chain breakage or anchor slippage caused by the surge of mooring binding force can be avoided.

3) The buffer spring is used in the present invention to further reduce the impact load, so a relatively thin anchor chain or rope can be used.

4) The water mark of the forward and reverse movement direction of the present invention is different in design, which can improve the mooring strength, and provide additional water resistance when the moored floating body is outwardly displaced, and is reset in the moored floating body. At the same time, it is able to keep up with the speed to provide a reset force.

5) In the present invention, the hanging plate type submersible pulley mooring system can provide an artificial sea bottom with constant water depth, which is not affected by tides, and the fence of the suspension plate makes the stability better.

6) The platform and the bottom column of the invention are anchored, which can provide the anti-overturning moment of the platform and enhance the anti-shake capability.

7) The two anchoring units in the present invention share a design of a submersible, avoiding the problem of rope winding of the two anchoring units, so that the anchoring unit can be deployed more tightly and the floor space can be reduced.

8) The hollowing and air charging and discharging design of the anchor base in the invention makes the laying of the anchor base easy, and the installation cost is greatly reduced. DRAWINGS

Figure 1: Schematic diagram of a single buoy submersible pulley mooring

Figure 2: Structure diagram of the submarine pulley mooring system (single door, pressure roller, buffer spring)

Figure 3: Multi-floating submersible pulley system (with weight between floats)

Figure 4: Float hanging plate type submersible pulley mooring system

Figure 5: Mooring diagram of a wind turbine

Figure 6: Mooring diagram of a tidal generator

Figure 7: Mooring diagram of deep water cage

Figure 8: Mooring diagram of an offshore platform

Figure 9: Mooring perspective of an offshore platform

Figure 10: Schematic diagram of the shared subscript and anchor structure Figure 11: Schematic diagram of the weight pulley mooring system

Figure 12: Schematic diagram of the anchor base structure

Figure 13: Example of a stop on the anchor (between the pulley and the submersible)

Figure 14: Schematic diagram of three barriers

Figure 15: Schematic diagram of the pulley frame as a stop

Figure 16: Schematic diagram of the blocking member attached to the pulley frame

Figure 17: Schematic diagram of the application of the retaining cable

I-submarine standard 2-pulley 3-rope 4-anchor 6-float 7-need mooring buoy 8-heavy 9-suspension plate 10-sea bottom

II-Threaded Bolt 12-Blocking 13-Air Pipe 14-Switching Valve 15-Sea Surface 16-Anchor Chain Chain 17-Fence 19- Bottom Hole 21-Fan Tower 22-Buoyancy Chamber 25-Nose 26-Puller Frame 27- Winch 28 - single door 29 - cone panel 30 - cone submersible 31 - pressure roller 32 - perforated ball 33 - buffer spring 34 - computer 35 - tidal generator 36 - bottom column 37 - float 38 - cage 39 - ocean Platform 40-support column 41-moving pulley 42-hinge 43-weight 44-rotor 45-blocking cable

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the invention:

a knot is attached to the rope, and the knot is a raised point on the rope, which may be a solid attached to the rope, or a knot tied by the rope itself; In addition, a blocking member is further disposed between the knot and the weight along the rope, the blocking member does not occupy the movement path space of the rope, but occupies the movement path space of the knot, and the blocking member may be a pulley, a pulley frame itself, or Is a pressure roller that is close to the pulley, the rope passes through the gap between the pulley and the pressure roller; the blocking member may also be another solid connected to the pulley frame or to the mooring floating body;

All of the above mooring systems have pulleys and knots, which use natural gravity or buoyancy to apply a constant restoring force to the mooring buoys by bypassing the pulleys. When the lock is reset to a certain point, the knot is blocked. , thereby resetting the rope slack and the resetting force disappears.

The bottom end of the mooring floating body is provided with a bottom column, and the upper end of the mooring floating body is required, and the bottom end of the bottom column is anchored by a plurality of surrounding submersible pulley anchoring units or weighted pulley anchoring units.

The anchor base is a hollow structure, the bottom of the inner cavity communicates with the seawater through the bottom hole, and a gas pipe enters the anchor base cavity, and the gas pipe port is included At the top of the cavity, the air pipe outside the anchorage extends all the way to the sea surface. A controlled switch valve is connected to the air pipe. The lower end of the anchor base is provided with a threaded anchor rod, which can be rotated by the controlled motor.

Further explanation will be made below with reference to the drawings.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the mooring of a single buoy submersible pulley: including the submersible 1, the pulley 2, the anchor base 4, the rope 3, one end of the rope 3 is attached to the submersible 1 having a specific gravity less than water, and the other end is wound around the fixed pulley 2 is attached to the mooring floating body 7, and a knot 25 is attached between the fixed pulley 2 and the mooring floating body 7 near the fixed pulley 2. The contour of the knot 25 is larger than the gap between the pulley frame 26 and the pulley 2 Passing, the knot 25 here is a convex point on the rope, which may be a solid on the rope, or a knot hit by the rope itself; the bracket 26 of the fixed pulley is attached to the anchor base 4 by the rope 16 (or through the ball) The hinges 42, see Fig. 10) are connected to the anchor base 4; the above constitutes a submersible pulley anchoring unit; the plurality of sets of peripheral submersible pulley anchoring unit ropes pull the central mooring floating body 7 together.

When the mooring floating body 7 is required to move to the right, its distance from the left anchoring unit is enlarged, the left side knot 25 is pulled away from the pulley 2, and the buoyancy of the submersible 30 is applied to the mooring required by the rope 3 passing around the pulley 2. Floating body 7;

On the other hand, the distance between the mooring buoy 7 and the right anchoring unit is shortened, so that the rope 3 is pulled by the right subscript 1, and the knot 25 is close to the pulley 2, because the knot 25 does not pass the gap between the pulley 2 and the pulley frame 26. Therefore, it is stuck here, so the rope between the mooring floating body 7 and the pulley 2 needs to be loosened due to the shortening of the distance between the ropes, and the pulling force of the rope to the right of the mooring floating body 7 disappears, and the buoyancy of the submarine 1 follows the rope. It is completely applied to the knot 26. In this way, the mooring floating body 7 is only subjected to a pulling force to the left, and the force is equal to the buoyancy of the submersible. The force drives the mooring floating body 7 to move to the left to reset, which is the principle function of the submarine pulley mooring system. The figure only shows the left and right direction of the pulley, and the front and rear directions are not shown.

2 is a structural diagram of a mooring system of a submarine pulley (a single-door submersible, a pressure roller, a buffer spring), and the fixed pulley 2 is a groove-type fixed pulley, and is provided with a pulley 2 at a point of convergence of the rope 3 and the pulley 2 The pressure roller 31 whose axes are parallel to each other is close to the fixed pulley rim, so that the rope 3 is prevented from coming off the pulley 2. In the case of the pressure roller, the contour of the knot 25 exceeds the pressure roller and the pulley. The gap can be.

In addition, in order to reduce the impact of the submersible 1 floating on the knot 25, a buffer device is added, that is, a spring 33 and a punching ball 32 are sleeved on the rope between the knot 25 and the pulley 2, and the order is a knot 25, a spring 33, and a perforation. The ball 32, the pulley 2, the spring 33, and the punching ball 32 can slide on the rope 3. The knot 25, the spring 32, and the punching ball 32 can be separate elements from each other, or can be connected together; the punching ball 32 is not limited to geometry. The perforated solid having a spherical shape also includes solids of other shapes, as long as the size of the perforated ball 32 exceeds the gap between the pulley frame 26 and the pulley 2 or the gap between the pressure roller 31 and the pulley 2 cannot pass.

When the submarine 1 pulls the rope 3 knot 25 toward the pulley 2, the front perforated ball 32 first hits the pulley 2, and the perforated ball 32 cannot pass because the gap between the pulley 2 and the pressure roller 31 is large, and the punching ball 32 Stopped and stuck, but because the perforated ball 32 can slide on the rope 3, the rope 3 continues to pull the knot 25 forward, so that the distance between the knot 25 and the punched ball 32 is shortened, starting between the squeeze The spring 33, the spring provides a buffer, which greatly reduces the pair of submersible 1 The impact of the knot 25 .

When the submarine 1 is pulled down by the mooring buoy, we hope to increase the strong mooring force by the resistance of the water, and when the mooring buoy needs to approach the unit, the mooring buoy is required. Take the initiative, move first, so in order for the submarine 1 to keep up with the speed and thus provide the mooring force, we must try to reduce the resistance of the water to the submarine 1, based on this, the submarine 1 (or counterweight) 43, see Figure 11) is a drop-shaped type (or sleeve plate 29, see Figure 1), or a ring, with a single door 28 on the ring. These three structures have the characteristics of different water-resistance movements, the water-drop type is the shape of the submarine, and the cone-shaped panel is a cone-shaped panel. When the forward direction is the pointed direction, the water resistance is small, but the opposite In the direction, the resistance of water is large. For a single door, the structure of the door similar to the home is actually moved to the submerged standard 1. When the submarine 1 is pulled downward, the door is closed under the impact of water, thereby increasing the effective area of the water. When the subscript 1 moves upwards, the door is opened again under the force of the water, thereby reducing the area of action of the water.

Fig. 3 is a multi-floating submersible pulley system (with weights between the floating bodies), the moored floating body is a plurality of floats (6, 7), and a heavy block 8 is attached to the center of the connecting rope between the floating body and the floating body. Thus, the connection between the float and the float connects the mooring forces of the left and right anchoring units. When the entire float array moves to the left, the pulling force of the left anchoring unit disappears, leaving only the pulling force of the right anchoring unit. , thereby forming a resetting force. The counterweight 8 prevents the floats that are separated by a certain distance from being suddenly pulled apart by the action of the waves, causing the rope to be broken.

Figure 4 is a float hanging plate type submersible pulley mooring system, the moored floating body is a plurality of floats 6, the float is in the form of a capsule, the lower end of the float is tied with a rope 3, and the lower end of the rope is suspended by a suspended plate 9 in the water. A flat plate with a fence 17 at the edge. In this structure, when the tide rises, the suspension plate 9 also rises under the action of the float 6, so the distance between the suspension plate 9 and the sea surface 15 is always constant. The capsule-shaped float 6 can reduce the disturbance of the wave to the suspension plate 9, and at the same time, because the suspension plate 9 is surrounded by the fence 17, when the suspension plate 9 rises, the water body in the fence will be moved upward, and the water body surrounded by the fence below the suspension plate When the suspension plate rises, if it does not move upwards, a vacuum will be formed, so it will be moved upwards. This is equivalent to increasing the additional mass of the suspension plate, increasing the inertia and improving the stability. Alternatively, a winch 27 can be mounted on the float 6, and the rope 3 can be retracted by the winch to adjust the depth of the suspension plate 9.

The above mooring system only limits the displacement of the floating body. To make the floating body have anti-overturning ability, the bottom column 36 can be provided at the lower end of the mooring floating body, and the upper end of the mooring floating body and the bottom end of the bottom column are surrounded by multiple circumferences. The submersible pulley anchoring unit or the counterweight pulley anchoring unit is anchored. See Fig. 5 is a mooring diagram of the wind turbine. The tower 21 of the fan is consolidated with the buoyancy chamber 22, and the buoyancy generated by the water to the buoyancy chamber 22 is Greater than the gravity of the fan, tower 21 and buoyancy chamber, there is net buoyancy. The bottom is anchored by a plurality of submersible pulley anchoring units, and the upper end of the tower 21 is also anchored by a plurality of submersible pulley anchoring units, so that if the tower is to move upward, it is necessary to fight all the submersible pulley anchoring units. The tension of the rope, the sum of all the pull forces is greater than the net buoyancy of the floating fan, thus preventing it from rising.

If the tower 21 is to move downward, the rope points of the tower 21 will move downward, that is, the anchor point and the anchoring unit. The distance is shortened so that all the anchoring unit ropes become slack and the downward pulling force disappears. Since the buoyancy of the floating fan is greater than gravity, the downward movement is prevented by the net buoyancy.

If the upper end of the tower is translated to the left, for the upper end of the tower, the distance from the left anchor is shortened, the left subscript 1 pulls the rope 3, the left knot 25 is close to the pulley 2, and is caught at the pulley 2, so the rope 3 becomes slack Then the pulling force of the rope 3 on the left side disappears, but the tension of the rope 3 of the anchoring unit of the right side of the anchor is still present, so the left side of the tower is subjected to the resistance, and the same, right, front and back (not shown in the figure, only The left and right sides are subject to resistance, and the same is true at the bottom of the tower, so if the tower is to be tilted to the right, the upper end is translated to the right and the bottom end is translated to the left, and both are subjected to the submersible pulley anchoring unit. The obstacles, this makes the floating fan have anti-overturning ability.

Figure 6 is a mooring diagram of the tidal current generator 35. The mooring mechanism is the same as that of the floating fan, except that the tidal current generator unit is completely out of the water, and the floating fan extends out of the water surface, but they all require a net buoyancy, that is, the buoyancy is greater than gravity.

Fig. 7 is a mooring diagram of the deep water cage, the floating ball 37 of the deep water cage 38, and the bottom four corners of the cage are pulled outward by the rope 3 of the anchor pulley anchoring unit. The float 37 is not upwardly lifted upwards away from the surface of the water, and is downwardly subjected to the buoyancy of the water. It is subjected to a mooring resetting force from left to right and forward and backward, so it is relatively stable, and for the bottom corner of the deep water cage, It is also moored by the anchoring unit, which is pulled upward by the anchoring unit, and is pulled downward by the lifting force of the floating ball 37, and the horizontal movement is also the same, so the position is relatively stable. In this way, if the cage is a cubic structure, its 8 points are moored, the position is relatively stable, and the cage is not easily deformed. The long-distance continuous tension of the submarine 1 can make the cage have the ability to resist the storm. .

8 is a mooring diagram of the offshore platform 39, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view thereof. The bottom of the offshore platform 39 is connected with a bottom pillar 36, and the buoyancy chamber 22 of the offshore platform 39 is erected with a platform support column 40 to support the superstructure. The platform support column 40 is located near the waterline, so that the impact of the wave on the platform can be minimized because the platform support column is much smaller than the platform. The upper four corners of the platform are subjected to the downward pulling force of the four anchoring units, and the bottom column 36 of the platform is also subjected to the pulling force of the anchoring unit in four directions, which is the same as the mooring mechanism of the floating fan. In addition, in order to enable the platform to move the position, the ropes 3 are retracted by the winch 27 on the platform, and the computer 34 (see FIG. 2) is unified and coordinated, so that the platform can be panned as a whole, for example, the platform is moved to the left, and the winch on the left begins to be collected. The rope, the winch on the right begins to lay the rope, and the amount of retraction is controlled by the computer 34, so that the platform moves to the left.

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a common submersible and anchor foundation structure. When the anchorage units of the two sets of anchoring submersible anchors are close together, in order to avoid the ropes 3 intertwined, the two sets of submersible pulley anchoring units can share one anchor base. 4. The submarine standard 1, that is, one anchor base 4 is connected to two fixed pulleys 2 at the same time, and the ropes 3 on the two fixed pulleys are wound up on the same movable pulley 41, and the bracket of the movable pulley is connected to the same subscript 1. The movable pulley 41 distributes the pulling force of the submarine 1 evenly to the ropes on the left and right sides, and the left and right sides bypass the respective fixed pulleys.

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a counterweight pulley mooring system, including a counterweight 43, a pulley 2, an anchor base 4, a rope 3, and a pulley bracket 26 Attached to the floating body 7 to be moored by rope connection or by ball joint, a rope 3 end is attached to the anchorage of the sea bottom, and the other end is wound around the pulley 2 and is tied with a weight 43 greater than water. A rope knot 25 is attached to a section of the rope between the base 4 and the pulley 2 near the pulley 2. The knot 25 is a convex point on the rope 3, which may be a solid attached to the rope, or a knot tied by the rope itself. The knot of the knot 25 is larger than the gap between the pulley bracket 26 and the pulley 2 and cannot pass; the above constitutes a weight pulley anchoring unit; the moored floating body 7 is roped by the weighting pulley anchoring unit of the plurality of sets Pulled outside, the moored floating body can also be a plurality of interconnected floating bodies.

The mooring mechanism is consistent with the submarine pulley mooring system, except that the buoyancy is replaced by gravity. When the mooring buoy 7 is moved to the left, the distance between the pulley 26 and the left anchor 4 is shortened, and the counterweight 43 pulls the rope down. Due to the jam of the knot 25, it is necessary to moor the rope 7 and the rope on the left anchor 4 to become slack, so that the pulling force on the left side disappears, and for the right side, the distance between the mooring floating body 7 and the anchor base 4 is increased. The knot 25 is away from the pulley 2, so the pulling force of the weight 43 can be transmitted to the rope 3 between the mooring floating body and the anchor base 4 on the right side, and the downward pulling force is generated, and the right component is reset. The force drive causes the mooring floating body 7 to be reset.

Figure 12 is a schematic view of the anchor structure. The lower end of the anchor base 4 is provided with a threaded anchor 11, which can be rotated by a controlled motor. The anchor base 4 is a hollow structure, the bottom of the inner cavity communicates with the seawater through the bottom hole 19, a gas pipe 13 enters the cavity of the anchor base, and the tracheal port is at the top of the inner cavity, and the gas pipe outside the anchor base extends to the sea surface, and the trachea is connected A controlled on-off valve 14.

When the anchor base 4 is made at the dock, the anchor base 4 is filled with gas, which is reliable in its own buoyancy, is towed by the tugboat to the predetermined sea area, and then the on-off valve 14 is opened, since the pressure of the gas inside the anchor base 4 is equal to that at the bottom hole 19. The water pressure, and the outlet pressure of the trachea on the sea surface is atmospheric pressure, so under the pressure difference, the gas in the cavity of the anchor base 4 is discharged, and since the port of the gas pipe 13 is close to the top of the cavity, the seawater is not discharged first. When the air is completely exhausted, the anchor base is heavier than water and sinks into the sea bottom 10, and the threaded bolt 11 is rotated by the controlled motor and screwed into the soil, thereby being firmly nailed to the seabed. When it is necessary to remove the anchor base, under the control of the controlled motor, the threaded bolt 11 rotates in the reverse direction, is unscrewed from the soil, and then the on-off valve 14 is opened, and the air compressor is used to fill the gas pipe with gas at the pressure of the gas. Next, the seawater in the cavity of the anchor base 4 is drained away from the bottom hole. When the cavity is filled with air, the specific gravity of the anchor base is much smaller, and it can be easily lifted. If the specific gravity of the anchor base is less than water, Then it will automatically float.

Figure 13 is a view showing an example of a blocking member mounted on an anchor base, in which the knot 25 is on the rope 3 between the pulley 2 and the submersible 1, and the blocking member 12 is between the knot 25 and the submersible 1, buffering The spring 33 is between the blocking member 12 and the knot 25, and the blocking member 12 is mounted on the anchor base 4. When the moored floating body approaches, the rope knot 25 moves upward under the buoyancy of the submarine 1 and first hits the buffer spring 33. Since the spring 33 is blocked by the blocking member 12, the spring 33 is compressed and the knot is compressed. 25 is blocked, as the moored floating body is further approached, since the knot 25 cannot continue to rise, and the moored floating body 7 continues to approach, the rope 3 will become slack, to the left of the moored floating body 7 The lower pulling force disappears, at which time the moored floating body 7 is subjected to the restoring force of the right anchoring unit. Figure 14 is a schematic view of three kinds of blocking members, respectively, a hole type, a notch type, and a two-walled slit type. The knot 25 cannot pass, and the rope 3 can pass.

Fig. 15 is a schematic view of the pulley frame as a blocking member. On the left side, the pulley frame 26 and the pulley 2 together constitute a blocking member, and the rope 3 can pass through the gap therebetween, but the knot 25 cannot. On the right is the pulley frame 26 itself as a blocking member. It belongs to the double-walled sandwich type. The knot 25 is not a sphere here, but a cylinder. Its outer contour is larger than the double-walled gap of the pulley frame, so it cannot pass.

Figure 16 is a schematic view of the blocking member 12 attached to the pulley frame 26 by means of a swivel arm 44. The arm 44 is rotatable about the axis of the pulley 2 so that the angle can be adjusted according to the direction of the cutting of the rope 3, between the blocking member 12 and the knot 25. There is a buffer spring 33. When the knot 23 is approached in the direction of the pulley under the force of the submarine 1, the knot 23 and the blocking member 12 compress the buffer spring 33, and finally the knot 23 stops at the blocking member 12, and the latent knot The pulling force of the target 1 is interrupted at the knot 23 and cannot continue to be transmitted along the rope 3.

Figure 17 is a schematic view of the knot 25 being blocked by the retaining cable 45. The retaining cable 45 is a rope having one end attached to the knot 25 and the other end fixed to the sea bottom. When the moored floating body is approached, the rope 3 is in the submerged standard. 1 When the pulling force rises, the blocking cable 45 is tightened, and then the pulling force of the submarine 1 is completely applied to the blocking cable 45, and the pulling force on the rope 3 disappears; when the moored floating body is away, the rope 3 is pulled, the diving standard 1, the rope The knot 25 is lowered, at which time the originally taut line 45 is relaxed, and the buoyancy of the submersible 1 is completely applied to the rope 3, thereby providing a resetting force for the moored floating body. The buffer spring 33 reduces the impact of the submersible 1 on the blocking cable 45.

Claims

The utility model relates to a submarine pulley mooring system, which is characterized in that: a submarine mark, a pulley, an anchor base and a rope are included, one end of a rope is attached to a submersible with a specific gravity smaller than water, and the other end is bypassed by a pulley and is required to be moored. On the floating body, the bracket of the pulley is attached to the anchor base by a rope or connected to the anchor base by a ball joint;

A counterweight pulley mooring system, comprising: a counterweight, a pulley, an anchor base, a rope, a pulley bracket connected by a rope or a ball joint to a floating body to be moored, one end of the rope tied to the sea bottom On the anchor base, the other end bypasses the pulley and is a weight having a specific gravity greater than water;

The submarine pulley mooring system according to claim 1, wherein: the blocking member is not used; and the anchoring unit is provided with a blocking cable or a folding connecting rod, one end of which is in the pulley and the submersible The knot connection between the other end is connected to the anchor base or the pulley frame; for the weight pulley anchoring unit, there is a damper cable or a folding link, one end of which is connected with the knot between the pulley and the weight, and One end is attached to the moored floating body.

The submarine pulley mooring system according to claim 1, wherein: for the submersible pulley anchoring unit, the knot is between the pulley and the moored floating body, and for the counterweight pulley anchoring unit, the rope The knot is between the pulley and the anchor base; the outer contour of the knot is larger than the gap between the two walls of the pulley frame or the gap between the pulley frame and the pulley, or the gap between the pulley and the pressure roller. The submarine pulley mooring system according to claim 1, wherein: a spring is disposed between the blocking member and the knot, and if the pulley and the pulley frame itself are used as a blocking member, the knot and the pulley are The rope is sleeved with a spring and a perforated ball. The order is a knot, a spring, a piercing ball, a pulley, a spring, and a piercing ball can slide on the rope. The knot, the spring, and the piercing ball can be separate components from each other, or Connected together; the perforated ball is not limited to perforated solids with a geometric shape of a sphere, but also includes other shapes of solids. The size of the perforated ball exceeds the gap between the two walls of the pulley frame or the gap between the pulley frame and the pulley or the gap between the roller and the pulley cannot pass. If the blocking member is another solid, the spring can be attached to the blocking member or the knot.

The submarine pulley mooring system according to claim 1, wherein: the submarine mark or the counterweight is of a water drop type, or is provided with a cone panel, or a ring is provided, and the ring is provided with a single door. The submarine pulley mooring system according to claim 1, wherein: the two sets of submersible pulley anchoring units share a submarine, that is, the ropes on the two fixed pulleys are wound up in the same On the movable pulley, the bracket of the movable pulley is connected to a submersible.

The mooring system for a submarine pulley according to claim 1, wherein the moored floating body is a plurality of floats, the float is in the shape of a capsule, and the center of the connecting rope between the floating body and the floating body is heavy. The lower end of these floats is tied with a rope, and the lower end of the rope is suspended from a suspended plate in the water. The suspension plate is a flat plate with a fence at the edge.

The submarine pulley mooring system according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom end of the mooring floating body is provided with a bottom column, and the upper end of the floating body is required to be moored, and the bottom end of the bottom column is surrounded by a plurality of surrounding substandard pulleys. The anchoring unit or the counterweight pulley anchoring unit is anchored.

0. The submarine pulley mooring system according to claim 1, wherein the anchor base is a hollow structure, the bottom of the inner cavity communicates with the seawater through the bottom hole, and the air pipe enters the anchor base cavity, and the air pipe port is included. At the top of the cavity, the air pipe outside the anchorage extends all the way to the sea surface, and a controlled switch valve is connected to the air pipe; the lower end of the anchor base is provided with a threaded anchor rod, which can be driven by a controlled motor.