CN216739495U - Regional ship collision protection device of wading building - Google Patents
Regional ship collision protection device of wading building Download PDFInfo
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- CN216739495U CN216739495U CN202220127655.5U CN202220127655U CN216739495U CN 216739495 U CN216739495 U CN 216739495U CN 202220127655 U CN202220127655 U CN 202220127655U CN 216739495 U CN216739495 U CN 216739495U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a regional ship collision prevention protection device for wading buildings, which comprises buoyancy tanks arranged at the outer sides of the wading buildings at intervals, and is characterized in that a pulley system is arranged on each buoyancy tank, and each pulley system at least comprises a first fixed pulley and a first cable; the first fixed pulley is fixedly arranged on the buoyancy tank; one end of the first cable is relatively fixed on the riverbed below the buoyancy tank, and the other end of the first cable is connected with a first counterweight driving block in a hanging manner after bypassing the first fixed pulley. The buoyancy tanks can also be arranged on the upstream side and the downstream side of the wading building in a splayed and semi-surrounding mode, so that an anti-collision protection area is formed in the buoyancy tanks, the lower ends of the buoyancy tanks on the upstream side and the upper ends of the buoyancy tanks on the downstream side are connected by adopting fixed connecting ropes, and the anti-collision protection structure is particularly suitable for regional anti-collision protection of pier group type wading buildings. The flexible anti-collision device can be adjusted in a self-adaptive mode, has a flexible anti-collision effect, can have the characteristics of rigidity and flexibility, and is good in adaptability, good in adjustability, low in manufacturing cost and better in anti-collision effect.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of wading building safety protection, in particular to a regional ship collision prevention protection device for wading buildings.
Background
In recent years, inland river shipping development is rapid, the number and tonnage of ships are continuously increased, once the ships deviate from a channel and impact a bridge, impact energy is huge, a bridge is easily damaged, a ship sinks, and the requirement of preventing the bridge from colliding is more prominent. Various related data show that ship collision becomes one of the main reasons for bridge collapse on a channel, the problem of preventing ship collision of the bridge becomes a key factor for restricting safe traffic, and 8 million cross-navigable river bridges in China face similar threats at any time.
Set up anti-collision facility to striding navigation river bridge, can avoid boats and ships direct impact bridge structures, reduce the boats and ships striking energy that transmits to bridge structures to effectively reduce pier damage risk. In recent years, various ship-to-bridge accidents are frequent, the problem of ship-to-bridge collision is highly emphasized by the transportation department, and anti-collision facilities are definitely required to be arranged for bridges with high ship-to-bridge collision risks.
The existing anti-collision facilities are mainly divided into two structural types of independent type and attached type. The attached anti-collision facility mainly comprises a rubber fender and an anti-collision buoyancy tank, wherein the rubber fender can only be used for preventing a ship from colliding a bridge with a lower grade, and the anti-collision buoyancy tank can be flexibly designed according to the anti-collision grade. Because the attached anti-collision facility is in contact with the bridge pier, although the energy dissipation can be carried out on the ship impact force, the attenuated ship impact force can still be transmitted to the bridge structure, so that a certain requirement is imposed on the self resistance of the bridge. In addition, under the condition of large water level amplitude of a mountain river, the section adaptability of attached anti-collision facilities such as anti-collision floating boxes is weak, the shapes of piers of modern bridges are various, from traditional circular sections, oval sections, to special-shaped variable sections and the like, the section forms of the piers are more and more complex, and challenges are brought to the adaptability of the anti-collision facilities, most of the existing anti-collision devices can only adapt to non-variable section piers or piers with small section variability, such as patents CN108842692A, CN112431120A, CN112921790A and the like, but when the water level amplitude is large, the anti-collision facilities cannot effectively prevent the special-shaped variable section beams.
The independent anti-collision facility is not in contact with the bridge structure and is independent of the arrangement of the bridge structure. The conventional independent anti-collision facility is characterized in that a plurality of rigid concrete pile foundations are arranged around a bridge structure fortification area, when a ship-bridge collision accident occurs, a pile (group) can intercept a ship impacting a pier, and impact energy of the ship is absorbed through self damage. The method has the advantages that the collision force of the ship does not act on the bridge structure, the bridge protection effect is good, but the method has large damage to the self structure and the ship, small anti-collision area, large civil engineering investment, long engineering period, easy and quick damage of anti-collision facilities, difficult replacement and maintenance and inadaptation to the environment with deep water depth. In the existing independent anti-collision facilities, a scheme of adopting a buoyancy tank as an anti-collision facility is also provided, for example, patent CN105064284B, which proposes a tension leg buoyancy tank type pier anti-collision protection device, wherein the buoyancy tank is arranged around a pier, and the bottom of the buoyancy tank is connected with a submarine anchoring mechanism through a plurality of tension legs. Thus, the impact action of the ship directly acts on the buoyancy tank and does not act on the pier. However, the buoyancy tank in the patent is fixed in the underwater anchoring mechanism through the tension legs, although the tension legs have certain flexibility compared with the pile foundation, the buoyancy tank is still a protection mode similar to a foundation pile in nature, the self structure and the ship are easily damaged during impact, the life of the buoyancy tank is short, and the equipment adjustability and the adaptability of the device are poor. In order to adapt to the water level amplitude, the length of a cable needs to be adjusted through a winch arranged on a buoyancy tank, and under the normal condition, the power supply of a special winch is difficult to realize in the river reach of a field bridge area, so that the application of the method is limited.
In addition, CN102926355B has disclosed a stand-alone regional anti-collision device adapted to large water level amplitude, which is composed of an anti-collision belt, buoys at two ends of the anti-collision belt, and a guide well, wherein the buoys are constrained by the guide well, and the anti-collision belt can be adapted to water level free lifting.
Therefore, how to provide the regional ship collision prevention protection device for the wading building, which is better adapted to water level changes, has the characteristics of rigidity and flexibility, and has the advantages of good adaptability, good adjustability and good collision prevention effect, becomes a problem to be further considered and solved by technical personnel in the field.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the utility model are as follows: how to provide one kind can be according to water level change self-adaptation regulation and have flexible crashproof effect wade into the regional formula of building and prevent ship and hit protection device to further make it have rigidity and flexible characteristics concurrently, the adaptability is good, and the regulation nature is good, and the anticollision effect is better.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a wading building regional ship collision prevention protection device comprises buoyancy tanks arranged outside wading buildings at intervals, and is characterized in that the buoyancy tanks are provided with pulley systems, and each pulley system at least comprises a first fixed pulley and a first cable; the first fixed pulley is fixedly arranged on the buoyancy tank; one end of the first cable is relatively fixed on a riverbed below the buoyancy tank, and the other end of the first cable is connected with a first counterweight driving block after passing through the first fixed pulley; the first counterweight driving block is suspended between the buoyancy tank and the river bed.
Therefore, when the buoyancy tank is impacted, the buoyancy tank moves and drives the first counterweight driving block and the attached water to move upwards to do work, flexible energy dissipation and collision avoidance are achieved, and the protection effect on equipment and ships can be improved. Meanwhile, when the water level changes and the wind wave impacts and fluctuates, the self-adaptive type vertical adjustment of the first counterweight driving block can be realized, the stability of the device is better ensured, and the device can be automatically adjusted to adapt to the depth change of the water level.
Furthermore, the flotation tank is splayed and is arranged on the upstream side and the downstream side of the wading building in a semi-surrounding mode, a plurality of groups of pulley systems are arranged on the upstream side flotation tank and the downstream side flotation tank respectively, and the lower end of the upstream side flotation tank and the upper end of the downstream side flotation tank are arranged at the outer position of the wading building on the waterside side and are connected through a fixed connection rope.
Like this, adopt the flotation tank of two rectangular shapes to be regional arrangement for the splayed, make its inside anti-collision protection district that forms, from the upper reaches with downstream direction in realize the regional protection to wading the building, no matter boats and ships are sailed on from the upstream side or the downstream side is sailed on, and the back of contacting with the flotation tank, can outwards slide better, can realize better guard effect. For example, when the wading building is a densely distributed pier group structure, the structure is particularly suitable for being adopted, splayed buoyancy tanks are arranged on the two sides of the upstream and downstream of the pier group, and the anti-collision protection of the pier building group is realized. In addition, the splayed structure is only a typical structure, and in the specific implementation, the buoyancy tanks can be arranged in a mode of integrally communicated circular arc or parabola shape, and the like, and are only required to be arranged outside the wading building in a semi-surrounding mode, and all the modes belong to the range of implementable arrangement structures.
Further, the lower end of the first cable is connected to an anchoring block, and the anchoring block is placed on a river bed below the buoyancy tank; the pulley system also comprises a locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism is arranged on the buoyancy tank, the first cable passes through the locking mechanism, and the locking mechanism is used for locking and fixing the first cable when the collision force of the buoyancy tank exceeds a preset value.
Like this, anchor piece gravity is greater than first counter weight drive block gravity, and the anchor piece relies on self weight to fix at the riverbed, and first counter weight drive block relies on first hawser to walk around behind first fixed pulley and suspends in the aquatic, and the flotation tank floats at the surface of water. Therefore, when the buoyancy tank is impacted by a small force, the first cable slides on the first fixed pulley to drive the first counterweight driving block to be pulled upwards to do work, so that the kinetic energy of the impacted buoyancy tank is consumed, and movable collision avoidance is realized. When the flotation tank receives the striking dynamics great, locking mechanism is fixed with first hawser locking, and flotation tank and anchor block control convert fixed connection into, and the anchor block withstands the flotation tank through the hawser and bears the striking energy dissipation, realizes fixed anticollision. And because the anchor block is only laid on the riverbed and is not completely fixed, when the buoyancy tank is impacted by overlarge force, the buoyancy tank can drag the anchor block below, the anchor block and attached water are driven by the buoyancy tank to displace to do work, and the tank body deforms to consume the collision kinetic energy of the ship, so that movable collision avoidance is realized again. To different striking dynamics like this, buffer stop can realize the self-adaptation regulation of three kind at least anticollision energy dissipation modes, and the device uses nimble changeable more like this, compromises flexible and rigid characteristics, can adapt to different striking dynamics better. Meanwhile, the floating box in the structure is not a completely fixed setting mode in the ordinary state, dynamic matching and stable balance are realized by the aid of the anchoring blocks and the counterweight driving blocks through the fixed pulleys, under the natural condition, when the water level changes, the mooring rope is automatically retracted and extended through lifting of the counterweight driving blocks to adjust the floating state of the floating box, and under the action of water flow force, the water flow force is balanced through the horizontal component force of the mooring rope, so that the floating box is in a micro-drifting state. Therefore, when the balance weight driving block bears the wind wave influence, the water level change and other conditions, the balance weight driving block can automatically retract and release the mooring rope by means of self weight to realize height adjustment and form new stable balance so as to adapt to the wind wave fluctuation and the water level change influence. Therefore, the scheme has the characteristics of micro displacement and self-driven lifting collision avoidance, so that the protection device can be better, the service life is prolonged, the stability of the use state is improved, and the function of the device is not influenced by the water level. In addition, the components such as the pulley, the cable, the locking mechanism and the like actually form a positioning and restraining unit, a single buoyancy tank can be provided with one positioning and restraining unit, a plurality of positioning and restraining units can be arranged on one buoyancy tank, and the positioning and restraining units can be flexibly arranged according to the situation of the buoyancy tank. When the device is specifically arranged, the maximum fluctuation offset distance of the buoyancy tank can be calculated through the length of the rope, the depth of water and the angle of the mooring rope, so that the distance from the position of the anchoring block to a wading building is set, the buoyancy tank is restrained in an effective facility area, the specific calculation process is the prior art, and details are not given here.
Furthermore, the locking mechanism comprises a ratchet wheel coaxially and fixedly arranged with the first fixed pulley and a pendulum bob arranged below the ratchet wheel, the upper end of the pendulum bob can be hung on a fulcrum fixed on the buoyancy tank in a swinging mode through a pendulum bob handle, a clamping plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pendulum bob handle in an inclined mode and abuts against the ratchet wheel, and when the buoyancy tank is impacted and exceeds the inertia of the pendulum bob, the pendulum bob swings to enable the clamping plate at the upper end to rotate and fall into the ratchet of the ratchet wheel to be hung.
Therefore, when the buoyancy tank is in a static state, the ratchet wheel does not interfere with the clamping plate at the upper end of the pendulum bob, and the rolling of the first fixed pulley is not influenced. When the buoyancy tank is impacted too much, the pendulum swinging angle is large enough, so that the clamping plate can rotate into the ratchet of the ratchet wheel and be hung, and the first fixed pulley can be locked. Adopt mechanical structure to realize locking like this, have and need not electrical control, simple structure is ingenious, and locking is reliable, and the unblock is convenient (the unblock only needs the counter rotation fixed pulley can let the pendulum fall and realize the unblock afterwards). And the self weight of the pendulum bob can be set, so that the adjustment of the impact reaction force of the buoyancy tank can be conveniently realized. And realize the locking to the hawser through the locking to first fixed pulley, the hawser is not totally locked like this, but when the flotation tank was struck and surpassed the setting value within a certain range, because first fixed pulley is locked unable rotation, leads to the hawser to be locked and realizes fixing. But when the buoyancy tank is impacted by a great force and exceeds a preset range, the cable can also perform sliding friction on the first fixed pulley, and then the lower end of the cable pulls the anchoring block to do work and dissipate energy, and meanwhile, the first counterweight driving block can also depend on the sliding friction of the cable to be pulled upwards to do work and dissipate energy jointly. Therefore, the energy dissipation and energy consumption effects of the device in the extreme state can be better improved, and the anti-collision effect is improved.
Further, the pendulum comprises a hanging basket and a plurality of balancing weights arranged on the hanging basket.
Like this, the aforesaid is realized receiving striking lock reaction force size's regulation to the flotation tank conveniently through the increase and decrease of counter weight drive block.
Further, the pendulum is installed in a pendulum installation cavity of first fixed pulley below, and an opening and the fixed connection cardboard of pendulum installation cavity upper end are worn out to pendulum handle upper end.
Like this, not only can protect the pendulum better, can rely on the opening to realize spacing to pendulum swing angle moreover for the cardboard of pendulum and the ratchet of ratchet hang the back, avoid the cardboard atress to make the pendulum continue to rotate and lead to the unblock, so can realize dying to the lock of locking state. Unlocking can be realized only by reversely rotating the first fixed pulley afterwards.
Furthermore, a rope groove in a spiral winding state is formed in the first fixed pulley, and the first cable is wound in the rope groove for at least one circle.
Therefore, the friction force can be improved through the effect of the wrapping connection and the rope groove, and the locking effect of the first fixing pulley on the first cable rope is better improved.
Furthermore, first fixed pulley includes the cylindric inner core of a level setting, still includes to encircle and sets up the polylith arc outside the inner core, and the inner core face is provided with the buffer just to each arc along cross-section circle diameter direction, and the buffer has the outside support handle of a telescopic, and the arc is fixed in the support handle outer end and has a certain distance with the inner core interval.
This is because, when the first fixed pulley is locked due to the collision of the buoyancy tank, the first rope and the first fixed pulley can bear a very large impact force, which is likely to cause damage. Therefore above-mentioned structure can make when first fixed pulley is locked, when first hawser is taut suddenly, first hawser makes it inwards compress tightly and realizes the buffering through compressing tightly the arc, has greatly alleviated the destruction effect of the pressure that first hawser is suddenly compressed tightly by taut pulling force and first fixed pulley, has guaranteed the reliability of device, stability and life well.
Further, the damper is a hydraulic damper. The hydraulic damper can act and buffer only when bearing large force, and can better adapt to the characteristics and the requirements.
Furthermore, a vertical strip-shaped hole is formed in the position, penetrating out of the position, where the first cable is connected with one end of the first counterweight driving block, of the buoyancy tank, the first cable penetrates out of the first strip-shaped hole, and a vertical conical hole is formed in the position, where the first cable is connected with one end of the anchoring block and penetrates out of the buoyancy tank, and the first cable penetrates out of the first conical hole.
Therefore, when the anti-collision device is arranged, the anti-collision device is influenced by water waves, wind and the like and meets the requirement for realizing the function of the device, and the anchoring block is usually arranged in the direction far away from the wading building relative to the buoyancy tank, so that the structure is adapted and matched with the layout positions of the components, the position layout of the components is better realized, and the mooring rope can be better protected.
Further, an anti-winding protective cylinder is arranged below the conical hole, and the first cable penetrates through the anti-winding protective cylinder downwards and then is connected to the anchoring block downwards.
Therefore, the first mooring rope and the anchoring block are connected at the position which is closer to the front of the channel, and after the anti-winding protective cylinder is arranged, the floating objects can be effectively prevented from being wound, and the normal function of the mooring rope is ensured.
Furthermore, the pulley system also comprises a movable pulley, a second counterweight driving block and two second fixed pulleys, wherein the movable pulley is arranged on a sliding block, the sliding block can be horizontally arranged in the middle of the floating box in a sliding mode along the front-back direction (the direction of keeping away from the wading building is forward, and the opposite direction is backward), the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley are positioned at one end of the sliding direction of the sliding block, the other second fixed pulley is positioned at the other end of the sliding direction of the sliding block, the first cable is wound around the movable pulley after being connected out of the first fixed pulley and is wound around the second fixed pulley close to the first fixed pulley in a U shape, and then the first counterweight driving block is suspended downwards, the second cable is fixedly connected onto the movable pulley and is connected with the second counterweight driving block after being wound around the second fixed pulley far away from the first fixed pulley.
Like this, through two counter weight drive blocks that set up along the flotation tank fore-and-aft direction, can adjust flotation tank stability better, receive wave or wind-force effect no matter when swinging forward or backward, all can have the counter weight drive block in a relative opposite direction to play the effect of stabilizing the flotation tank by relying on dead weight and inertia. Therefore, the buoyancy tank cannot be easily influenced by waves and wind power, the fluctuation displacement floats away, the overall stability of the device is better, and the protective effect on wading buildings can be better improved.
Further, the mass of the first counterweight driving block is larger than that of the second counterweight driving block, and the length of the second cable above the second counterweight driving block and in the vertical suspension section is smaller than that of the first cable above the first counterweight driving block and smaller than the historical shallowest water level height (of the device setting position).
This is because many river courses have the problem that the water level changes greatly in the dry season and the flood season, and the fluctuation height of the water level is larger than the water level depth in the dry season. In this case, the use of a single counterweight driving block can cause the counterweight driving block to sink due to too long cable in the dry period, and the water rise period can cause the cable to be short in length due to too high water level. Therefore, after the scheme is adopted, the first mooring rope can be set to be long enough to meet the use requirement of the water rising period, and the first counterweight driving block and the second counterweight driving block are both in a suspended state in the period of high water level, so that the first counterweight driving block has larger mass and can play a leading role in adjustment. Meanwhile, in the dry season, the first counterweight driving block can be enabled to touch the bottom and lose the effect, at the moment, the second counterweight driving block is still in a suspension state and occupies a dominant position, so that the balance of the buoyancy tank can be still maintained by the aid of the second counterweight driving block, and the function of the device is continuously realized. Therefore, the device can better realize self-adaptive adjustment to meet the use requirements of different water levels. During specific implementation, the maximum fluctuation drift distance of the floating box can be calculated and determined according to two conditions of suspension and bottoming of the first counterweight driving block, so that the position of an anchoring point of the anchoring block is determined, the protection effect of the device is better ensured, the specific calculation process is the prior art, and details are not given here.
Further, the sliding block is arranged in a sliding groove which is horizontally arranged. Thus, it is possible to facilitate the sliding thereof more.
Furthermore, an installation bin is arranged at the middle position of the upper part of the floating box, the first fixed pulley, the movable pulley and the second fixed pulley are all installed in the installation bin, and an access hole is formed in the upper end of the installation bin. Thus, the equipment is protected and the maintenance is realized.
Furthermore, at least the front side and the rear side of the upper part of the buoyancy tank are respectively provided with a compartment, and the lower end of the outer side of the compartment is provided with a water filling and discharging hole.
Like this, receive the striking in-process at the flotation tank, the flotation tank moves forward can be by the sunken part of downdraft to surface of water below under the pulling force effect of hawser, and the compartment can intake through filling the drainage hole this moment, reduces the buoyancy of flotation tank, alleviates hawser pulling force in order to protect equipment better. When the tension of the cable rope is insufficient, the buoyancy tank floats upwards, the water filling and discharging hole is above the water surface line, water in the compartment is discharged, the buoyancy is increased, and the balance state is achieved again.
Furthermore, elastic buffer materials are arranged on the periphery of the buoyancy tank. Therefore, after the buoyancy tank is impacted and moved to be attached to a wading building, independent collision avoidance is converted into attached collision avoidance to achieve energy dissipation and collision avoidance.
In addition, when the anti-collision device is specifically implemented, the buoyancy tank can be used as a basic unit of the anti-collision facility, and the ship anti-collision interception belt is formed by arranging a plurality of basic units; or a large anti-collision buoyancy tank is manufactured, and the position of the large anti-collision buoyancy tank is limited by a plurality of anchor blocks so as to be in an anti-collision area. Specifically, protection is realized in various modes of being flexibly arranged in a linear shape, an annular shape, an arc shape and the like according to the wading building form and the anti-collision requirement. Therefore, the application also has the following characteristics: an independent anti-collision device is not dependent on the self resistance of a bridge structure. 2. Flexible energy dissipation, which utilizes the floating state change, structural deformation, anchor ingot displacement and attached water to do work and dissipate energy. 3. The cost is low, and civil engineering investment is basically not needed. 4. The scene adaptability is strong. 5. The influence on navigation and flood transportation is small. 6. Can be arranged into various line types according to the requirement, and has beautiful appearance. 7. The maintenance is convenient, can transport the anticollision flotation tank shoreside floatingly, treats that the water level falls and overhauls afterwards.
The flexible anti-collision device can be adjusted in a self-adaptive mode, has a flexible anti-collision effect, can have the characteristics of rigidity and flexibility, and is good in adaptability, good in adjustability, low in manufacturing cost and good in anti-collision effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a wading building area type ship collision prevention protection device in embodiment 1, wherein arrows indicate water flow directions.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the single first fixed pulley in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the first fixed sheave in fig. 2 in a locked state, in which an arrow indicates a direction of impact.
Fig. 4 is a side view of fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the regional ship collision protector for wading buildings according to embodiment 2, in which arrows indicate the direction of water flow.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the first counterweight driving block in a sinking state in fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the wading building regional ship collision protection device of embodiment 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Specific example 1: a regional ship collision prevention protection device for wading buildings is disclosed, and comprises buoyancy tanks 1 arranged outside the wading buildings at intervals, wherein the buoyancy tanks 1 are provided with pulley systems, and each pulley system at least comprises a first fixed pulley 2 and a first cable 3; the first fixed pulley 2 is fixedly arranged on the buoyancy tank 1; one end of a first cable 3 at the other end is relatively fixed on a riverbed below the buoyancy tank 1, and the other end is connected with a first counterweight driving block 5 after passing through the fixed pulley 2; the first counterweight driving block 5 is suspended between the pontoon 1 and the river bed.
Therefore, when the buoyancy tank is impacted, the buoyancy tank moves and drives the first counterweight driving block and the attached water to move upwards to do work, flexible energy dissipation and collision avoidance are achieved, and the protection effect on equipment and ships can be improved. Meanwhile, when the water level changes and the wind wave impacts and fluctuates, the self-adaptive type vertical adjustment of the first counterweight driving block can be realized, the stability of the device is better ensured, and the device can be automatically adjusted to adapt to the depth change of the water level.
Wherein, the lower end of the first cable 3 is fixedly connected with an anchoring block 4; the anchoring block 4 is placed on the riverbed below the buoyancy tank; the pulley system also comprises a locking mechanism; the locking mechanism is arranged on the buoyancy tank 1, the first cable 3 passes through the locking mechanism, and the locking mechanism is used for locking and fixing the first cable 3 when detecting that the impact force of the buoyancy tank exceeds a preset value.
Like this, anchor block gravity is greater than first counter weight drive block gravity, and anchor block relies on self weight to fix at the riverbed, and first counter weight drive block relies on first hawser to walk around behind the first fixed pulley and suspends in aqueous, and the flotation tank floats at the surface of water. Therefore, when the buoyancy tank is impacted by a small force, the first cable slides on the first fixed pulley to drive the first counterweight driving block to be pulled upwards to do work, so that the kinetic energy of the impacted buoyancy tank is consumed, and movable collision avoidance is realized. When the flotation tank received the striking dynamics great, locking mechanism was fixed with first hawser locking, and flotation tank and anchor block control convert fixed connection into, and the anchor block withstands the flotation tank through the hawser and bears the striking dissipation, realizes fixed anticollision. And because the anchor block is only laid on the riverbed and is not completely fixed, when the buoyancy tank is impacted by overlarge force, the buoyancy tank can drag the anchor block below, the anchor block and attached water are driven by the buoyancy tank to displace to do work, and the tank body deforms to consume the collision kinetic energy of the ship, so that movable collision avoidance is realized again. Thus, the self-adaptive adjustment of at least three anti-collision energy dissipation modes can be realized by the anti-collision device according to different collision forces, so that the device is more flexible and changeable in use, has the characteristics of flexibility and rigidity, and can better adapt to different collision forces. Meanwhile, the floating box in the structure is not a completely fixed setting mode in the ordinary state, dynamic matching and stable balance are realized by the aid of the anchoring blocks and the counterweight driving blocks through the fixed pulleys, under the natural condition, when the water level changes, the mooring rope is automatically retracted and extended through lifting of the counterweight driving blocks to adjust the floating state of the floating box, and under the action of water flow force, the water flow force is balanced through the horizontal component force of the mooring rope, so that the floating box is in a micro-drifting state. Therefore, when the balance weight driving block bears the wind wave influence, the water level change and other conditions, the balance weight driving block can automatically retract and release the mooring rope by means of self weight to realize height adjustment and form new stable balance so as to adapt to the wind wave fluctuation and the water level change influence. Therefore, the scheme has the characteristics of micro displacement and self-driven lifting collision avoidance, so that the protection device can be better, the service life is prolonged, the stability of the use state is improved, and the function of the device is not influenced by the water level. In addition, the components such as the pulley, the cable, the locking mechanism and the like actually form a positioning and restraining unit, a single buoyancy tank can be provided with one positioning and restraining unit, a plurality of positioning and restraining units can be arranged on one buoyancy tank, and the positioning and restraining units can be flexibly arranged according to the situation of the buoyancy tank. When the device is specifically arranged, the maximum fluctuation offset distance of the buoyancy tank can be calculated through the length of the rope, the depth of water and the angle of the mooring rope, so that the distance from the position of the anchoring block to a wading building is set, the buoyancy tank is restrained in an effective facility area, the specific calculation process is the prior art, and details are not given here.
The locking mechanism comprises a ratchet 6 coaxially and fixedly arranged with the first fixed pulley and a pendulum 7 arranged below the ratchet, the upper end of the pendulum is suspended on a fulcrum fixed on the buoyancy tank in a swinging mode through a pendulum handle, a clamping plate 8 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pendulum handle in a slanting mode and leans against the ratchet 6, and when the buoyancy tank is impacted by impact force exceeding the inertia effect of the pendulum, the pendulum 7 swings to enable the clamping plate at the upper end to rotate and fall into the ratchet of the ratchet to be hung.
Therefore, when the buoyancy tank is in a static state, the ratchet wheel does not interfere with the clamping plate at the upper end of the pendulum bob, and the rolling of the first fixed pulley is not influenced. When the buoyancy tank is impacted too much, the pendulum swinging angle is large enough, so that the clamping plate can rotate into the ratchet of the ratchet wheel and be hung, and the first fixed pulley can be locked. Adopt mechanical structure to realize locking like this, have and need not electrical control, simple structure is ingenious, and locking is reliable, and the unblock is convenient (the unblock after then only needs the counter-rotation fixed pulley can let the pendulum fall and realize the unblock). And the self-weight of the pendulum bob can be arranged, so that the adjustment of the impact reaction force of the buoyancy tank can be conveniently realized. And realize the locking to the hawser through the locking to first fixed pulley, the hawser is not totally locked like this, but when the flotation tank was struck and surpassed the setting value within a certain range, because first fixed pulley is locked unable rotation, leads to the hawser to be locked and realizes fixing. But when the buoyancy tank is impacted by a great force and exceeds a preset range, the mooring rope can also do sliding friction on the first fixed pulley, and then the anchoring block is pulled at the lower end of the mooring rope to do work and dissipate energy, and the first counterweight driving block can also be pulled upwards by means of the sliding friction of the mooring rope to do work and dissipate energy jointly. Therefore, the energy dissipation and energy consumption effects of the device in the extreme state can be better improved, and the anti-collision effect is improved.
Wherein, the pendulum bob 7 comprises a hanging basket and a plurality of balancing weights (not shown in the figure) mounted on the hanging basket.
Like this, the aforesaid is realized receiving striking lock reaction force size's regulation to the flotation tank conveniently through the increase and decrease of counter weight drive block.
Wherein, pendulum 7 is installed in a pendulum installation cavity 9 of first fixed pulley below, and an opening and fixed connection cardboard of pendulum installation cavity 9 upper end are worn out to pendulum handle upper end.
Like this, not only can protect the pendulum better, can rely on the opening to realize spacing to pendulum swing angle moreover for the cardboard of pendulum and the ratchet of ratchet hang the back, avoid the cardboard atress to make the pendulum continue to rotate and lead to the unblock, so can realize dying to the lock of locking state. Unlocking can be realized only by reversely rotating the first fixed pulley afterwards.
Wherein, the first fixed pulley 2 is provided with a rope groove 10 in a spiral winding state, and the first cable 3 is wound and connected in the rope groove 10 for at least one circle.
Therefore, the friction force can be improved through the effect of the wrapping connection and the rope groove, and the locking effect of the first fixing pulley on the first cable rope is better improved.
Wherein, first fixed pulley 2 includes the cylindric inner core 11 of a level setting, still includes to encircle and sets up polylith arc 12 outside the inner core, and 11 faces of inner core are just provided with buffer 13 to each arc along cross-section circle diameter direction, and buffer 13 has the outside support handle of a telescopic, and arc 12 is fixed and is supported handle outer end and have a certain distance with the inner core interval.
This is because when the first rope and the first rope pulley are locked due to the collision of the buoyancy tank, the first rope and the first rope pulley may be subjected to a very large impact force, which may easily cause damage. Therefore above-mentioned structure can make when first fixed pulley is locked, when first hawser is taut suddenly, first hawser makes it inwards compress tightly and realizes the buffering through compressing tightly the arc, has greatly alleviated the destruction effect of the pressure that first hawser is suddenly compressed tightly by taut pulling force and first fixed pulley, has guaranteed the reliability of device, stability and life well.
The damper 13 is a hydraulic damper. The hydraulic damper can act and buffer only when bearing large force, and can better adapt to the characteristics and the requirements. The specific structure of the product can be obtained by directly purchasing the existing product when the product is implemented, and is not detailed here.
Wherein, supply first hawser 3 to connect and set up vertical bar hole on the position that 5 one end of first counter weight drive block wore out on the flotation tank 1 and supply first hawser 3 to wear out, supply first hawser 3 to connect and set up vertical bell mouth on the position that 4 one end of anchor worn out on the flotation tank 1 and supply first hawser 3 to wear out.
Therefore, when the anti-collision device is arranged, the anti-collision device is influenced by water waves, wind and the like and meets the requirement for realizing the function of the device, and the anchoring block is usually arranged in the direction far away from the wading building relative to the buoyancy tank, so that the structure is adapted and matched with the layout positions of the components, the position layout of the components is better realized, and the mooring rope can be better protected.
Wherein, a winding-proof protective cylinder 14 is arranged below the conical hole, and the first cable is downwards connected to the anchoring block after downwards passing through the winding-proof protective cylinder 14.
Therefore, the first mooring rope and the anchoring block are connected at the position which is closer to the front of the channel, and after the anti-winding protective cylinder is arranged, the floating objects can be effectively prevented from being wound, and the normal function of the mooring rope is ensured.
Like this, through two counter weight drive blocks that set up along the flotation tank fore-and-aft direction, can adjust flotation tank stability better, receive wave or wind-force effect no matter when swinging forward or backward, all can have the counter weight drive block in a relative opposite direction to play the effect of stabilizing the flotation tank by relying on dead weight and inertia. Therefore, the buoyancy tank cannot be easily influenced by waves and wind power, the fluctuation displacement floats away, the overall stability of the device is better, and the protective effect on wading buildings can be better improved.
Wherein the mass of the first counterweight driving block 5 is larger than that of the second counterweight driving block 16, and the length of the second cable 19 above the second counterweight driving block 16 in the vertical suspension section is smaller than that of the first cable 3 above the first counterweight driving block 5 in the vertical suspension section and smaller than the historical lowest water level height (of the device setting position).
This is because many river courses have a problem that the water level changes greatly in the dry period and the flood period, and the fluctuation height of the water level is larger than the water level depth in the dry period. In this case, the use of a single counterweight driving block can cause the counterweight driving block to sink due to too long cable in the dry period, and the water rise period can cause the cable to be short in length due to too high water level. Therefore, after the scheme is adopted, the first cable can be set to be long enough to meet the use requirement of the water-rising period, and the first counterweight driving block and the second counterweight driving block are both in a suspended state in the period of high water level (see figure 5), and the first counterweight driving block has larger mass and can play a leading role in adjustment. Meanwhile, in the dry season (see fig. 6), the first counterweight driving block can be caused to touch the bottom and lose the function, and at the moment, the second counterweight driving block is still in a suspension state and occupies a dominant position, so that the balance of the buoyancy tank can be still maintained by the second counterweight driving block so as to continuously realize the function of the device. Therefore, the device can better realize self-adaptive adjustment to meet the use requirements of different water levels. During specific implementation, the maximum fluctuation drift distance of the floating box can be calculated and determined according to two conditions of suspension and bottoming of the first counterweight driving block, so that the position of an anchoring point of the anchoring block is determined, the protection effect of the device is better ensured, the specific calculation process is the prior art, and details are not given here.
In which the slide 18 is mounted in a horizontally arranged slide groove 20. Thus, it is possible to facilitate the sliding thereof more.
Wherein, the middle position of the upper portion of the buoyancy tank 1 is provided with an installation bin 21, the first fixed pulley, the movable pulley and the second fixed pulley are all installed in the installation bin, and the upper end of the installation bin is provided with an access hole 24. Thus, the equipment is protected and the maintenance is realized.
Wherein, the upper part of the buoyancy tank 1 is provided with a compartment 22 at least at the front and back sides, and the lower end of the outer side of the compartment is provided with a water filling and discharging hole 23.
Like this, receive the striking in-process at the flotation tank, the flotation tank moves forward can be by the heavy part of downdraw to surface of water below under the pulling force effect of hawser, and the compartment can be through filling the drainage hole and intaking this moment, reduces the buoyancy of flotation tank, alleviates hawser pulling force and in order to protect equipment better. When the tension of the cable rope is insufficient, the buoyancy tank floats upwards, the water filling and discharging hole is above the water surface line, water in the compartment is discharged, the buoyancy is increased, and the balance state is achieved again.
Wherein, the buoyancy tank 1 is provided with elastic buffer materials (not shown in the figure) around. Like this for the flotation tank receives the striking to remove to pasting the back mutually with wading into the building, turns into the attached anticollision by stand alone type anticollision and realizes the energy dissipation anticollision.
In addition, when the anti-collision device is specifically implemented, the buoyancy tank can be used as a basic unit of the anti-collision facility, and the ship anti-collision interception belt is formed by arranging a plurality of basic units; or manufacturing a large anti-collision buoyancy tank, and limiting the position of the large anti-collision buoyancy tank through a plurality of anchor blocks to enable the large anti-collision buoyancy tank to be in an anti-collision area. Specifically, protection is realized in various modes of being flexibly arranged in a linear shape, an annular shape, an arc shape and the like according to the wading building form and the anti-collision requirement. For example, example 3 below.
Like this, adopt the flotation tank of two rectangular shapes to be regional arrangement for the splayed, make its inside anti-collision protection district that forms, from the upper reaches with downstream direction in realize the regional protection to wading the building, no matter boats and ships are sailed on from the upstream side or the downstream side is sailed on, and the back of contacting with the flotation tank, can outwards slide better, can realize better guard effect. For example, when the wading building is a densely distributed pier group structure, the structure is particularly suitable for being adopted, splayed buoyancy tanks are arranged on the two sides of the upstream and downstream of the pier group, and the anti-collision protection of the pier building group is realized. In addition, the splayed structure is only a typical structure, and in the specific implementation, the buoyancy tanks can be arranged in a mode of integrally communicated circular arc or parabola shape, and the like, and are only required to be arranged outside the wading building in a semi-surrounding mode, and all the modes belong to the range of implementable arrangement structures.
Therefore, the application also has the following characteristics: an independent anti-collision device is not dependent on the self resistance of a bridge structure. 2. Flexible energy dissipation, which utilizes the floating state change, structural deformation, anchor ingot displacement and attached water to do work and dissipate energy. 3. The cost is low, and civil engineering investment is basically not needed. 4. The scene adaptability is strong. 5. The influence on navigation and flood transportation is small. 6. Can be arranged into various linear types according to the requirement, and has beautiful appearance. 7. The maintenance is convenient, can transport the anticollision flotation tank shoreside floatingly, treats that the water level falls and overhauls afterwards.
Claims (10)
1. A wading building regional ship collision prevention protection device comprises buoyancy tanks arranged outside wading buildings at intervals, and is characterized in that the buoyancy tanks are provided with pulley systems, and each pulley system at least comprises a first fixed pulley and a first cable; the first fixed pulley is fixedly arranged on the buoyancy tank; one end of the first cable is relatively fixed on a riverbed below the buoyancy tank, and the other end of the first cable is connected with a first counterweight driving block after passing through the first fixed pulley; the first counterweight driving block is suspended between the buoyancy tank and the river bed.
2. The regional ship collision prevention protection device for the wading building according to claim 1, wherein the buoyancy tanks are splayed and arranged in a semi-surrounding manner on the upstream side and the downstream side of the wading building, a plurality of groups of pulley systems are respectively arranged on the buoyancy tanks on the upstream side and the downstream side, and the lower ends of the buoyancy tanks on the upstream side and the upper ends of the buoyancy tanks on the downstream side are arranged at the outer positions of the wading building on the near side and are connected by adopting fixed connecting ropes;
the lower end of the first cable is connected to an anchoring block, and the anchoring block is placed on a riverbed below the buoyancy tank; the pulley system also comprises a locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism is arranged on the buoyancy tank, the first cable passes through the locking mechanism, and the locking mechanism is used for locking and fixing the first cable when the collision force of the buoyancy tank exceeds a preset value.
3. The regional ship collision protection device for wading building of claim 2, wherein the locking mechanism comprises a ratchet wheel coaxially and fixedly arranged with the first fixed pulley, and further comprising a pendulum bob arranged below the ratchet wheel, wherein the upper end of the pendulum bob is swingably suspended on a pivot fixed on the buoyancy tank through a pendulum bob handle, the upper end of the pendulum bob handle is obliquely and fixedly connected with a clamping plate and abuts against the ratchet wheel, and when the buoyancy tank is subjected to a collision force exceeding the inertia of the pendulum bob, the pendulum bob swings to enable the clamping plate at the upper end to rotate and fall into the ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel to be hung.
4. A paddling building area type ship collision protection device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pendulum comprises a cradle and a plurality of counterweights mounted on the cradle.
5. The fender of claim 3, wherein the pendulum is mounted in a pendulum mounting cavity below the first fixed pulley, and the upper end of the pendulum handle extends through an opening in the upper end of the pendulum mounting cavity and is fixedly connected to the catch plate.
6. The paddling building area type ship collision protection device as claimed in claim 3, wherein a rope groove in a spiral winding state is arranged on the first fixed pulley, and the first cable is wound in the rope groove for at least one circle.
7. The paddling building area type ship collision prevention protection device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first fixed pulley comprises a horizontally arranged cylindrical inner core and a plurality of arc-shaped plates which are arranged around the outer side of the inner core, the surface of the inner core is provided with a buffer opposite to each arc-shaped plate along the diameter direction of the cross-section circle, the buffer is provided with a telescopic outward supporting handle, and the arc-shaped plates are fixed at the outer end of the supporting handle and are spaced from the inner core by a certain distance;
the buffer is a hydraulic damper.
8. The wading building area type ship collision prevention protection device of claim 3, wherein a vertical strip-shaped hole is formed in the position, through which one end of the first cable connected with the first counterweight driving block penetrates, of the buoyancy tank for the first cable to penetrate, and a vertical conical hole is formed in the position, through which one end of the first cable connected with the anchoring block penetrates, of the buoyancy tank for the first cable to penetrate;
and an anti-winding protective cylinder is arranged below the conical hole, and the first cable downwards passes through the anti-winding protective cylinder and then is downwards connected to the anchoring block.
9. The paddling building area type ship collision prevention device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pulley system further comprises a movable pulley, a second counterweight driving block and two second fixed pulleys, the movable pulley is mounted on a sliding block, the sliding block can be horizontally arranged in the middle of the buoyancy tank in the front-back direction in a sliding mode, the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley are positioned at one end of the sliding direction of the sliding block, the other second fixed pulley is positioned at the other end of the sliding direction of the sliding block, the first cable is connected with the first fixed pulley, then passes through the movable pulley, and then winds around the second fixed pulley close to the first fixed pulley in a U shape, and then suspends the first counterweight driving block downwards, a second cable is fixedly connected with the movable pulley, and after passing through the second fixed pulley far away from the first fixed pulley, the second cable suspends the second counterweight driving block downwards;
the mass of the first counterweight driving block is larger than that of the second counterweight driving block, and the length of a second cable above the second counterweight driving block and positioned in the vertical suspension section is smaller than that of a first cable above the first counterweight driving block and positioned in the vertical suspension section and smaller than the height of the historical lowest water level.
10. The regional ship collision prevention protection device for the wading building of claim 9, wherein an installation bin is arranged at the middle position of the upper part of the buoyancy tank, the first fixed pulley, the movable pulley and the second fixed pulley are all installed in the installation bin, and an access hole is formed at the upper end of the installation bin;
at least the front side and the rear side of the upper part of the buoyancy tank are respectively provided with a compartment, and the lower end of the outer side of the compartment is provided with a water filling and discharging hole;
elastic buffer materials are arranged around the buoyancy tank.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202220127655.5U CN216739495U (en) | 2022-01-18 | 2022-01-18 | Regional ship collision protection device of wading building |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202220127655.5U CN216739495U (en) | 2022-01-18 | 2022-01-18 | Regional ship collision protection device of wading building |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114481959A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-05-13 | 重庆交通大学 | Mooring type self-adaptive water level lifting ship collision prevention method |
| CN114481959B (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2024-05-10 | 重庆交通大学 | Anchoring type self-adaptive water level lifting ship collision prevention method |
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2022
- 2022-01-18 CN CN202220127655.5U patent/CN216739495U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114481959A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-05-13 | 重庆交通大学 | Mooring type self-adaptive water level lifting ship collision prevention method |
| CN114481959B (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2024-05-10 | 重庆交通大学 | Anchoring type self-adaptive water level lifting ship collision prevention method |
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Address after: 400074 No. 66, Xuefu Avenue, Nan'an District, Chongqing Patentee after: CHONGQING JIAOTONG University Patentee after: Chongqing Xike Water Transportation Engineering Consulting Co.,Ltd. Address before: 400074 No. 66, Xuefu Avenue, Nan'an District, Chongqing Patentee before: CHONGQING JIAOTONG University Patentee before: Chongqing Seekon Consulting Center |