WO2014047804A1 - 一种快速合成sapo-34分子筛的方法及由其制备的催化剂 - Google Patents

一种快速合成sapo-34分子筛的方法及由其制备的催化剂 Download PDF

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WO2014047804A1
WO2014047804A1 PCT/CN2012/082006 CN2012082006W WO2014047804A1 WO 2014047804 A1 WO2014047804 A1 WO 2014047804A1 CN 2012082006 W CN2012082006 W CN 2012082006W WO 2014047804 A1 WO2014047804 A1 WO 2014047804A1
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hydrazine
mixture
sda
sapo
molecular sieve
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田鹏
刘中民
樊栋
苏雄
张莹
杨越
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B37/00Compounds having molecular sieve properties but not having base-exchange properties
    • C01B37/06Aluminophosphates containing other elements, e.g. metals, boron
    • C01B37/08Silicoaluminophosphates [SAPO compounds], e.g. CoSAPO
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J29/00Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
    • B01J29/82Phosphates
    • B01J29/84Aluminophosphates containing other elements, e.g. metals, boron
    • B01J29/85Silicoaluminophosphates [SAPO compounds]
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B39/00Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
    • C01B39/54Phosphates, e.g. APO or SAPO compounds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rapid synthesis method of SAPO-34 molecular sieve.
  • the invention further relates to the catalytic use of the above materials in the conversion of oxygenates to light olefins. Background technique
  • U.S. Union Carbide Corporation developed a series of SAPO molecular sieves (USP 4440871).
  • This molecular sieve is a type of crystalline silicoaluminophosphate whose three-dimensional framework consists of ⁇ 0 2 + , ⁇ 10 2 ⁇ Si ⁇ 2
  • the composition of the structure is SAPO-34, which is composed of eight rings and has an orifice of 0.38 nm x 0.38 nm.
  • SAPO-34 molecular sieves produce low-carbon olefins in methanol due to their suitable acidity and pore structure.
  • the MTO exhibits excellent catalytic performance and has received much attention.
  • SAPO-34 molecular sieves are generally hydrothermally synthesized using water as a solvent in a closed autoclave.
  • the synthetic components include an aluminum source, a silicon source, a phosphorus source, a templating agent, and deionized water.
  • silicon source with silica sol, active silica and orthosilicate, aluminum source with activated alumina, pseudoboehmite and alkoxy aluminum.
  • the ideal source of silicon and aluminum is silica sol and pseudo-thin water.
  • Aluminite; Phosphorus source generally uses 85% phosphoric acid.
  • Common templating agents include tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH), morpholine (MOR), piperidine (Piperidine), isopropylamine (i-PrNH2), triethylamine (TEA;), diethylamine (DEA). , dipropylamine, etc. and mixtures thereof.
  • TEAOH tetraethylammonium hydroxide
  • MOR morpholine
  • Piperidine isopropylamine
  • i-PrNH2 isopropylamine
  • TEA triethylamine
  • DEA diethylamine
  • U.S. Patents 20030232006 and 20030232718 report the synthesis of SAPO-34 molecular sieves using an organic material containing an anthracene, fluorene-dimethylamine group as a template. These patents employ a hydrothermal synthesis process in which the general synthesis temperature is 170-180 Q C and the crystallization time is 3-10 days.
  • U.S. Patent No. 20030231999 discloses the use of organic compounds containing ruthenium, osmium-dimethylamine groups as a model The plate is synthesized into a low-silica SAPO-34 molecular sieve.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide an SAPO-34 molecular sieve synthesized by the above method and an acid-catalyzed reaction catalyst or an oxygen-containing compound-converted olefin-reactive catalyst prepared therefrom.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to synthesize SAPO-34 molecular sieve in a rapid high yield using an organic amine having a (CH 3 ) 2 NR structure.
  • the invention is characterized in that the organic amine having the (; CH 3 ;) 2 NR structure is simultaneously used as a main solvent and a template for the synthesis system for molecular sieve synthesis.
  • the inventors have found through experiments that the (CH 3 ) 2 NR organic amine is simultaneously used as the main solvent and templating agent of the synthesis system, and simultaneously controls the initial gel (CH 3 ;) 2 NR/H under a suitable batching sequence.
  • the molar ratio of 20 0 can realize the rapid synthesis of SAPO-34 molecular sieve, and the synthesis yield is obviously improved compared with the usual hydrothermal process using the same organic amine.
  • SDA is an organic amine having a (CH 3 ) 2 NR structure
  • R is a linear or branched alkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkane group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms
  • the initial gel mixture obtained in the step a) is charged into a synthesis kettle, sealed, and heated to a certain temperature and crystallized under autogenous pressure for a certain period of time;
  • the silicon source in step a) is a mixture of silicon sol, active silica, orthosilicate, metakaolin or any combination thereof; aluminum source is aluminum salt, activated alumina, alkoxy aluminum, partial a mixture of one or any of several kinds of kaolin; the phosphorus source is one or a mixture of any one of orthophosphoric acid, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, organic phosphide or phosphorus oxide.
  • the SDA in step a) is hydrazine, hydrazine-dimethylethylamine, hydrazine, hydrazine-dimethylpropylamine, hydrazine, hydrazine-dimethylisopropylamine, hydrazine, hydrazine-dimethylbutyl Amine, hydrazine, hydrazine-dimethylisobutylamine, hydrazine, hydrazine-dimethylamylamine, hydrazine, hydrazine-dimethylisoamylamine, hydrazine, hydrazine-dimethylhexylamine, hydrazine, hydrazine -Dimethylisohexylamine, hydrazine, hydrazine-dimethylcyclobutylamine, hydrazine, hydrazine-dimethylcyclopentylamine, hydrazine, hydr
  • step a) The order of ingredients in step a) is as follows: firstly add aluminum source to SDA and stir evenly, and record it as mixture A; additionally, mix silicon source, phosphorus source and deionized water, stir for a period of time, add to mixture A, stir evenly , to obtain the initial gel mixture.
  • the crystallization temperature in step b) is 170 ⁇ 22 (TC, crystallization time is 0.5 ⁇ 23.5h; preferred crystallization temperature is 185 ⁇ 210 °C, crystallization time is 1 ⁇ 12h.
  • step b) The crystallization process in step b) is carried out dynamically.
  • the synthetic SAPO-34 molecular sieve contains the organic amine SDA.
  • the synthesized SAPO-34 molecular sieve can be used as a catalyst for acid catalysis after being calcined in air at 400 to 700 °C.
  • the synthesized SAPO-34 molecular sieve can be used as a catalyst for the conversion of oxygenates to olefins after being calcined in air at 400 to 700 °C.
  • the synthesis method of the invention can accelerate the crystallization rate while improving the utilization of inorganic raw materials, synthetic
  • the solid yield of SAPO-34 sample is greater than 85% (calculation method: mass after product is calcined at 600 Q C to remove templating agent * 100% / mass of inorganic oxide in initial slurry);
  • the amount of water used in the synthesis system is small, which is beneficial to the separation and recycling of organic amines, which greatly reduces the amount of waste liquid generated during the synthesis process and is environmentally friendly.
  • the prepared SAPO-34 exhibits excellent catalytic performance in the methanol conversion to olefin reaction. Compared with SAPO-34 molecular sieve prepared by the same template hydrothermal synthesis method, the reaction life is prolonged and the selectivity of ethylene propylene is improved.
  • the specific dosage and crystallization conditions are shown in Table 1.
  • the specific compounding process is as follows. Mix the aluminum source with the organic amine and mix it as the mixture A. The silicon source, the phosphorus source and the deionized water were mixed and stirred for 30 mm, and then the mixture was added to A, and after vigorously stirring 30 mm in a sealed state to be uniformly mixed, the gel was transferred to a stainless steel reaction vessel, and the temperature was raised to a certain temperature. Crystallize for a certain time. After the completion of the crystallization, the solid product was centrifuged, washed, and dried in air at 100 ° C to obtain a raw powder.
  • the sample was subjected to XRD analysis and the results showed that the synthesized product was SAPO-34 molecular sieve.
  • the XRD data of the product of Example 1 are shown in Table 2.
  • the XRD results of Examples 2-18 are close to those of Example 1, that is, the peak positions are the same, and the relative peak intensities of the peaks are slightly different with the changes of organic amines, within ⁇ 10%. Fluctuations indicate that the synthesized product is a SAPO-34 molecular sieve.
  • the batching process, the amount of ingredients and the crystallization conditions were the same as in Example 1, except that the organic amine was changed to 35 g of N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine and 28 g of N,N-dimethyl-n-butylamine.
  • the solid product is centrifuged. After washing, after drying in air at 100 ° C, 20.2 g of the original powder (15% loss of calcination at 600 ° C) was obtained, and the solid yield was 92%.
  • the XRD analysis of the sample was carried out.
  • the batching process, the amount of ingredients and the crystallization conditions were the same as in Example 1, except that the organic amine was changed to 30 g of N,N-dimethylcycloheptylamine and 30 g of N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine.
  • the solid product was centrifuged, washed, and dried in air at 100 ° C to obtain 19.5 g of the original powder (14.5% calcination loss at 600 Q C), and the solid yield was 89.5%.
  • the samples were subjected to XRD analysis.
  • Example 2 The batching process, the amount of ingredients and the crystallization conditions were the same as those in Example 1.
  • the stainless steel synthesis kettle was crystallized at 190 ° C for 12 hours, it was taken out and quenched with water. Then, the synthetic kettle is smashed and the organic amine is separated from the synthesis tank in a fume hood (since the amount of water in the synthesis system is small, the final synthesis system is automatically separated into two phases at rest, ie, the upper organic amine phase and the lower layer are low. Fluid gelatinous substance phase).
  • the collected organic amine solution was reused for synthesis (addition of a small amount of hydrazine, hydrazine-dimethylcyclohexylamine;), the batching process, the proportion of the ingredients, and the crystallization conditions were the same as in Example 1.
  • the solid product was centrifuged, washed, and dried in 10 (TC air, 20.0 g of the original powder (15.6% calcination loss at 600 ° C), and the solid yield was 90.6%.
  • the XRD analysis of the sample showed that The synthesized product was a SAPO-34 molecular sieve.
  • the XRD data was similar to that of Table 2, that is, the peak shape and the peak position were the same, and the peak intensity was about 110% of the sample of Example 1. Comparative Example 1
  • the proportion of ingredients and the crystallization conditions were the same as in Example 1, and the order of ingredients was changed.
  • the specific batching process is as follows. Mix the aluminum source with the organic amine, then add the phosphorus source, and then mix and stir for 20mm, add silicon source and deionized water, stir vigorously in a closed state for 30mm and mix it evenly, then transfer the gel to In a stainless steel reactor, the temperature was raised to 190 ° C for crystallization for 12 h. After crystallization, take The synthesis kettle was cooled and cooled.
  • the solid product was centrifuged, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried in ioo ° C air to obtain 18.1 g of the original powder (15.0% calcination loss at 600 ° C), and the solid yield was 82.5%.
  • the amount of ingredients and crystallization conditions were the same as in Example 1, and the order of ingredients was changed, while adding a small amount of ethanol to the synthesis system and increasing the aging process.
  • the specific batching process is as follows. Mix the aluminum source and the organic amine, then add the phosphorus source, and then mix and stir for 20 mm, then add silicon source, l.Og ethanol and deionized water, and vigorously stir 30 mm in a closed state to make it evenly mixed. After stirring and aging at 40 ° C for 12 h, the gel was transferred to a non-leaked steel reaction vessel, and the temperature was raised to 190 ° C for crystallization for 12 h. After the crystallization was completed, the synthesis kettle was taken out and cooled.
  • the amount of ingredients and the crystallization conditions were the same as in Example 4, and the order of ingredients was varied.
  • the specific batching process is as follows. Mix the aluminum source with the organic amine, then add the phosphorus source, and then mix and stir for 20mm, add silicon source and deionized water, stir vigorously in a closed state for 30mm and mix it evenly, then transfer the gel to In a stainless steel reactor, the temperature was raised to 190 ° C for crystallization for 12 h. After the crystallization was completed, the synthesis kettle was taken out and cooled. The solid product was centrifuged, washed with deionized water to neutrality, and dried in lCXTC air to obtain 18.2 g of raw powder (15.0% calcination loss at 600 Q C), and the solid yield was 83.0%.
  • Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were calcined at 600 ° C for 4 hours. Then it is compressed and crushed to 20 to 40 mesh.
  • the l.Og sample was weighed into a fixed bed reactor for MTO reaction evaluation. The reaction was carried out by a nitrogen gas activation at 550 ° C for 1 hour and then cooling to 450 ° C. The methanol was carried by nitrogen, the nitrogen flow rate was 40 ml/mm, and the methanol weight space velocity was 2.01.
  • the reaction product was analyzed by on-line gas chromatography (Vanan 3800, FID detector, capillary column PoraPLOT Q-HT), and the results are shown in Table 3. Table 3 sample methanol conversion to olefin reaction results

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Description

一种快速合成 SAPO-34分子筛的方法及由其制备的催化剂 技术领域
本发明涉及一种 SAPO-34分子筛的快速合成方法。
本发明还涉及上述材料在含氧化合物转化制低碳烯烃反应中的催化 应用。 背景技术
1984年,美国联合碳化物公司 (UCQ开发了磷酸硅铝系列 SAPO分子 筛 (USP 4440871)。 该分子筛是一类结晶硅铝磷酸盐, 其三维骨架结构由 Ρ02 +、 Α102 Π Si〇2四面体构成。 其中 SAPO-34为类菱沸石结构, 主孔道 由八圆环构成, 孔口为 0.38nmx0.38nm。 SAPO-34分子筛由于其适宜的酸 性和孔道结构,在甲醇制取低碳烯烃 (MTO)反应中呈现出优异的催化性能 而倍受关注。
SAPO-34分子筛一般采用水热合成法, 以水为溶剂,在密闭高压釜内 进行。 合成组分包括铝源、 硅源、 磷源、 模板剂和去离子水。 可选作硅源 的有硅溶胶、活性二氧化硅和正硅酸酯, 铝源有活性氧化铝、拟薄水铝石 和烷氧基铝, 理想的硅源与铝源是硅溶胶和拟薄水铝石; 磷源一般采用 85%的磷酸。常用的模板剂包括四乙基氢氧化铵(TEAOH)、吗啉(MOR)、 哌啶 (Piperidine;)、 异丙胺(i-PrNH2)、 三乙胺(TEA;)、 二乙胺(DEA)、 二丙胺等以及它们的混合物。 SAPO-34的水热合成中,有机胺的摩尔用量 要明显小于水的摩尔用量。水作为合成的连续相和主体溶剂, 其与有机胺 模板剂的摩尔比通常大于 10。 我们以二乙胺为模板剂水热合成 SAPO-34 的研究中发现, 随着合成体系中模板剂用量的逐渐增加, 产品收率和结晶 度都有一定程度的下降, 见 Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2008, 114(1-3): 4163中的表 1。
美国专利 20030232006和 20030232718报道了采用含有 Ν,Ν-二甲基 胺基团的有机物作为模板剂合成 SAPO-34分子筛。 这些专利采用水热合 成方法, 实施例中一般的合成温度在 170-180QC, 晶化时间为 3-10天。 美 国专利 20030231999报道了采用含有 Ν,Ν-二甲基胺基团的有机物作为模 板剂合成低硅 SAPO-34分子筛, 在该专利在初始凝胶体系中加入氟离子 以达到合成低硅 SAPO-34分子筛的目的, 没有氟离子的低硅合成体系中 不能得到晶体产物。总体上, 这些专利中所报道的合成过程均存在晶化时 间长, 合成收率较低的现象。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种 SAPO-34分子筛的快速合成方法。
本发明的又一目的在于提供一种通过上述方法合成的 SAPO-34分子 筛及由其制备的酸催化反应催化剂或含氧化合物转化制烯烃反应催化剂。
本发明所要解决的技术问题是采用具有 (CH3)2NR 结构的有机胺快速 高收率合成 SAPO-34分子筛。 本发明的特点在于采用具有 (; CH3;) 2NR结构 的有机胺同时作为合成体系的主体溶剂和模板剂进行分子筛合成。本发明 人通过实验研究发现, 以 (CH3)2NR有机胺同时作为合成体系的主体溶剂 和模板剂, 在适宜的配料顺序下, 同时控制初始凝胶中 (CH3;) 2NR/H20 的 摩尔比, 可以实现 SAPO-34分子筛的快速合成, 且合成收率较通常的采 用相同有机胺的水热过程有明显提高。
本发明的特点在于制备过程如下:
a) 将硅源、 铝源、 磷源、 去离子水和 SDA混合, 形成具有如下 摩尔配比的初始凝胶混合物:
Si02/Al203 =0.01 - 1;
Ρ2Ο5/Α12Ο3 = 0.5 ~ 1.5;
H20/A1203 = 1 ~ 19;
SDA/Al2O3 = 5 ~ 30;
SDA/ H20 =0.27-30;
其中 SDA为具有 (CH3)2NR结构的有机胺, R为含有 2到 6个碳 原子的直链或支链烷基基团, 或含有 4到 8个碳原子的环烷烃基团; b) 将步骤 a) 所得初始凝胶混合物装入合成釜, 密闭, 升温到一 定温度在自生压力下晶化一定时间;
c) 待晶化完全后,固体产物经离心分离,用去离子水洗涤至中性, 干燥后即得到 SAPO-34分子筛。 步骤 a)中的硅源为硅溶胶、 活性二氧化硅、 正硅酸酯、 偏高岭土 中的一种或任意几种的混合物; 铝源为铝盐、 活性氧化铝、 烷氧基铝、 偏高岭土中的一种或任意几种的混合物; 磷源为正磷酸、磷酸氢铵、磷 酸二氢铵、 有机磷化物或磷氧化物中的一种或任意几种的混合物。
步骤 a) 初始凝胶混合物中 SDA和水优选的摩尔比例为 SDA/ H20 =0.5-30, 进一步优选的摩尔比例为 SDA/ H2O =1 .0~30。
步骤 a)中 SDA与 A1203的摩尔比例为 SDA/Al2O3=7.0 - 30。
步骤 a)中的 SDA为 Ν,Ν-二甲基乙基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基丙基胺、 Ν,Ν- 二甲基异丙基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基丁基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基异丁基胺、 Ν,Ν-二 甲基戊基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基异戊基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基己基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基 异己基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基环丁基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基环戊基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基 环己基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基环庚基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基环辛基胺中的一种或任 意几种的混合物。
步骤 a)中的配料顺序为, 首先将铝源加入到 SDA中搅拌均匀, 记 为混合物 A; 另外将硅源、磷源及去离子水混合, 连续搅拌一段时间后 加入混合物 A中, 搅拌均匀, 得到初始凝胶混合物。
步骤 b)中的晶化温度为 170 ~ 22(TC, 晶化时间为 0.5 ~ 23.5h; 优 选晶化温度为 185 ~ 210°C, 晶化时间为 1 ~ 12h。
步骤 b)中的晶化过程在动态进行。
合成的 SAPO-34分子筛中含有有机胺 SDA。
合成的 SAPO-34分子筛经 400 ~ 700°C空气中焙烧后, 可用做酸催 化反应的催化剂。
合成的 SAPO-34分子筛经 400 〜 700°C空气中焙烧后, 可用做含 氧化合物转化制烯烃反应的催化剂。
本发明能产生的有益效果包括:
( 1 ) 与采用 (CH3;) 2NR有机胺做模板剂的 SAPO-34水热合成过程相 比,本发明的合成方法可以加快晶化速度,同时提高对无机原料的利用率, 合成的 SAPO-34样品固体收率大于 85% (计算方法: 产品经 600QC焙烧 除模板剂后的质量 * 100%/初始料浆中无机氧化物质量); (2 ) 合成体系中水的用量少, 有利于有机胺的分离与回收利用, 大 大降低了合成过程中的废液生成量, 环境友好。
( 3 )制备的 SAPO-34在甲醇转化制烯烃反应中表现出优良的催化性 能。 与采用相同模板剂水热合成方法制备的 SAPO-34分子筛相比, 反应 寿命得以延长, 且乙烯丙烯选择性有一定提高。
具体实施方式 下面通过实施例详述本发明, 但本发明并不局限于这些实施例。 实施例 1-18
具体配料用量和晶化条件见表 1。 具体配料过程如下, 将铝源与有机 胺混合搅匀,记为混合物 A。将硅源、磷源和去离子水混合并搅拌 30mm, 然后将该混合物加入 A中, 密闭状态下剧烈搅拌 30mm使其混合均匀后, 将凝胶转移到不锈钢反应釜中, 升温到一定温度动态下晶化一定时间。 晶 化结束后, 将固体产物离心, 洗涤, 在 100°C空气中烘干后, 得原粉。 样 品做 XRD分析, 结果表明合成产物为 SAPO-34分子筛。实施例 1产品的 XRD数据见表 2, 实施例 2-18的 XRD结果与例 1接近, 即峰位置相同, 各峰的相对峰强度随有机胺的变化略有差别, 在 ±10%范围内波动, 表明 合成产物为 SAPO-34分子筛。
表 1 分子筛合成配料及晶化条件表 * 实施例 有机胺及用量 铝源 磷源 硅源 H20 晶化 ≠广 B口口
温度 收率 a
1 Ν,Ν-二甲基环己胺 10g 14.7g 4.3g l.Og 190°C 12h 91.6%
64.2g
2 Ν,Ν-二甲基丙基胺 10g 14.7g 4.3g l.Og 190°C 12h 89.0%
44.3g
3 Ν,Ν-二甲基丁基胺 10g 14.7g 2.2g l.Og 185°C 12h 88.3%
51.3g
4 Ν,Ν-二甲基戊基胺 10g 14.7g 4.3g l.Og 190°C 12h 90.4%
58.2g
5 Ν,Ν-二甲基己基胺 lOg 14.7g 2.2g l.Og 190°C 12h 89.5%
64.2g 6 Ν,Ν-二甲基环丁基胺 10g 14.7g 4.3g l.Og 185°C 12h 89.3% 51.3g
7 Ν,Ν-二甲基环戊基胺 10g 14.7g 4.3g l.Og 210°C lh 85.0%
58.5g
8 Ν,Ν-二甲基环庚基胺 10g 14.7g 4.3g l.Og 190°C 12h 92.1%
71.5g
9 Ν,Ν-二甲基环辛基胺 10g 14.7g 4.3g l.Og 190°C 12h 90.4%
78.5g
10 Ν,Ν-二甲基环庚基胺 7.8g c H.3g H.5gb Og 200°C 7h 89.1%
81.5g
11 Ν,Ν-二甲基丁基胺 7.8g c 14.7g 4.3g Og 190°C l lh 89.4%
51.3g
12 Ν,Ν-二甲基己基胺 20g d 12.3g 8.6g 4.9g 220°C lh 85.9%
64.2g
13 Ν,Ν-二甲基环己胺 10g 16.4g 4.3g l.Og 210°C 5.5h 92.2%
64.2g
14 Ν,Ν-二甲基环己胺 lOg 14.7g 4.3g Og 190°C l lh 89.8%
136.4g
15 Ν,Ν-二甲基环己胺 2-5g 3.6g 1- lg Og 190°C l lh 88.6%
58.5g
16 Ν,Ν-二甲基环己胺 7.8g c 19.6g 4.3g b Og 220°C 0.5h 82.1%
64.2g
17 Ν,Ν-二甲基环己胺 lOg 12.3g 2.7g e Og 210°C 5.5h 91.0%
82.5g
18 Ν,Ν-二甲基环己胺 lOg 12.3g 2.7g e Og 170°C 23.5h 86.5%
45.9g
*: 有机胺均为分析纯(质量含量 99.5%),铝源为拟薄水铝石 (A1203质量含量 72.5%), 磷源为磷酸(¾P04质量含量 85%) , 硅源为硅溶胶(Si02质量含量 30%); a: 产品收 率=固体产品质量 (600QC焙烧除模板剂) *100%/初始料 ¾中无机氧化物质量; b: 四 乙氧基硅烷为硅源; c: 铝源为 γ-氧化铝 (Α1203质量含量 93%); d: 铝源为异丙醇铝; e: 硅源为发烟二氧化硅 (Si02质量含量 93%) 表 2实施例 1样品的 XRD结果
Figure imgf000006_0001
1 9.4545 9.35457 100
2 12.8344 6.8977 15.55
3 13.9189 6.3626 21.38
4 15.9622 5.55246 50.27
5 17.6853 5.01515 27.06 6 18.5142 4.79245 4.12
7 20.5336 4.32546 93.44
8 21.9097 4.05682 12.49
9 22.3181 3.98348 15.92
10 22.9725 3.87147 5.98
11 24.8162 3.58786 23.74
12 25.8284 3.44951 14.2
13 26.2107 3.40006 1.71
14 27.5669 3.23579 6.67
15 28.0275 3.18365 5.6
16 29.4615 3.03188 3.28
17 30.5062 2.92796 28.81
18 30.9433 2.88759 21.57
20 31.4801 2.83956 3.43
21 32.2688 2.77194 1.71
22 33.3591 2.68379 3.55
23 34.4001 2.60492 7.23
24 34.8399 2.57304 1.75
25 35.8666 2.50171 5.66
26 38.3234 2.34679 1.02
27 39.5752 2.27539 3.71
28 42.6257 2.11935 3.96
29 43.2903 2.08834 4
30 47.5413 1.91105 4.05
31 48.6651 1.86951 3.82
32 49.0438 1.85596 3.29 实施例 19
配料过程、配料用量和晶化条件同实施例 1,只将有机胺变为 35gN,N- 二甲基环己胺和 28g N,N-二甲基正丁胺。 晶化结束后, 将固体产物离心, 洗涤, 在 100°C空气中烘干后, 得原粉 20.2g (600°C焙烧失重 15%), 固 体收率 92%。样品做 XRD分析, XRD结果与例 1样品接近, 即峰位置相 同, 各峰相对峰强度在 ±10%范围内波动, 表明合成产物为 SAPO-34分子 筛。 实施例 20
配料过程、配料用量和晶化条件同实施例 1,只将有机胺变为 30gN,N- 二甲基环庚胺和 30g N,N-二甲基环己胺。 晶化结束后, 将固体产物离心, 洗搽, 在 100°C空气中烘干后, 得原粉 19.5g (600QC焙烧失重 14.5%), 固体收率 89.5%。 样品做 XRD分析, XRD结果与例 1样品接近, 即峰位 置相同,各峰的相对峰强度在 ±10%范围内波动,表明合成产物为 SAPO-34 分子筛。 实施例 21 (有机胺溶液回用)
配料过程、 配料用量和晶化条件同实施例 1, 不锈钢合成釜在 190°C 晶化 12h后, 取出, 用水急冷。 然后, 打幵合成釜, 在通风橱内将有机胺 从合成釜中分离(由于合成体系水量少, 最终的合成体系在静止状态下自 动分为两相, 即上层的有机胺相和下层的低流动性凝胶状物质相)。 共收 集有机胺溶液 59.2g, 经色谱和色质联用分析 (毛细管柱 SE-30), 其中含 水 1.2g, Ν,Ν-二甲基环己胺 58g。
将收集的有机胺溶液再次用于合成 (额外补加少量 Ν,Ν-二甲基环己 胺;), 配料过程、 配料比例和晶化条件同实施例 1。 晶化结束后, 将固体产 物离心, 洗涤, 在 10(TC空气中烘干后, 得原粉 20.0g (600°C焙烧失重 15.6% ) , 固体收率 90.6%。 样品做 XRD 分析, 结果表明合成产物为 SAPO-34分子筛。 XRD数据与表 2类似, 即峰形和峰位置相同, 最高峰 强度约为实施例 1样品的 110%。 对比例 1
向合成釜中依次加入 10g拟薄水铝石 (72.5重量%), 40g水, 16.4g 磷酸 (85重量%), 4.3g硅溶胶 (30重量%), 搅匀后加入 18.5g Ν,Ν-二甲基 环己胺, 密封下搅拌 2h得到均匀的初始合成凝胶。 将凝胶移入不锈钢合 成釜中, 升温至 190°C动态下晶化 12h。 取出合成釜, 冷却。 固体产物经 离心分离,用去离子水洗涤至中性,在 100°C空气中干燥后,得原粉 10.5g (600°C焙烧失重 16.4%), 固体收率 47.1%。 XRD分析显示所得固体为 SAPO-34分子筛。 XRD数据与表 2类似, 即峰位置相同, 各峰强度低于 实施例 1样品, 最高峰强度约为实施例 1样品的 70%。 对比例 2
向合成釜中依次加入 16.4g磷酸 (85重量%), 40g水, 4.3g硅溶胶 (30 重量%), 10g拟薄水铝石 (72.5重量%), 搅匀后加入 18.5g N,N-二甲基环 己胺, 密封下搅拌 2h得到均匀的初始合成凝胶。 将凝胶移入不诱钢合成 釜中, 升温至 19CTC动态下晶化 48h。 取出合成釜, 冷却。 固体产物经离 心分离, 用去离子水洗涤至中性, 在 100°C空气中干燥后, 得原粉 16.6g (600°C焙烧失重 15.1%), 固体收率 75.7%。 XRD分析显示所得固体为 SAPO-34分子筛。 XRD数据与表 2类似, 即峰位置相同, 各峰强度低于 实施例 1样品, 最高峰强度约为实施例 1样品的 85%。 对比例 3
向合成釜中依次加入 16.4g磷酸 (85重量%:), 40g水, 4.3g硅溶胶 (30 重量%), 10g拟薄水铝石 (72.5重量%;), 搅匀后加入 15g N,N-二甲基丁基 胺, 密封下搅拌 2h得到均匀的初始合成凝胶。 将凝胶移入不诱钢合成釜 中, 升温至 190°C动态下晶化 12h。 取出合成釜, 冷却。 固体产物经离心 分离, 用去离子水洗涤至中性, 在 100°C空气中干燥后, 得产品 12.6g。 XRD分析显示所得固体为未知晶相, 不是 SAPO-34。 对比例 4 (改变配料顺序)
配料比例和晶化条件同实施例 1, 配料顺序有所变动。 具体配料过程 如下, 将铝源与有机胺混合搅匀, 然后加入磷源, 密闭搅拌 20mm后, 加 入硅源和去离子水, 密闭状态下剧烈搅拌 30mm使其混合均匀后, 将凝胶 转移到不锈钢反应釜中, 升温至 190°C动态下晶化 12h。 晶化结束后, 取 出合成釜,冷却。固体产物经离心分离,用去离子水洗涤至中性,在 ioo°c 空气中干燥后, 得原粉 18.1g (600°C焙烧失重 15.0%), 固体收率 82.5%。
X D分析显示所得固体为 SAPO-34分子筛。 XRD数据与表 2类似, 即峰 位置相同, 各峰强度低于实施例 1样品, 最高峰强度约为实施例 1样品的 86%。 对比例 5 (改变配料顺序)
配料用量和晶化条件同实施例 1, 配料顺序有所变动, 同时向合成体 系中添加少量乙醇并增加老化过程。具体配料过程如下, 将铝源与有机胺 混合搅匀, 然后加入磷源, 密闭搅拌 20mm后, 加入硅源、 l .Og乙醇和去 离子水, 密闭状态下剧烈搅拌 30mm使其混合均匀, 并在 40°C搅拌老化 12h后, 将凝胶转移到不诱钢反应釜中, 升温至 190°C动态下晶化 12h。 晶化结束后, 取出合成釜, 冷却。 固体产物经离心分离, 用去离子水洗涤 至中性, 在 10CTC空气中干燥后, 得原粉 18.7g (600QC焙烧失重 15%), 固体收率 85.3%。 XRD分析显示所得固体为 SAPO-34分子筛。 XRD数据 与表 2类似, 即峰位置相同, 各峰强度低于实施例 1样品, 最高峰强度约 为实施例 1样品的 85%。 对比例 6 (改变配料顺序)
配料用量和晶化条件同实施例 4, 配料顺序有所变动。 具体配料过程 如下, 将铝源与有机胺混合搅匀, 然后加入磷源, 密闭搅拌 20mm后, 加 入硅源和去离子水, 密闭状态下剧烈搅拌 30mm使其混合均匀后, 将凝胶 转移到不锈钢反应釜中, 升温至 190°C动态下晶化 12h。 晶化结束后, 取 出合成釜,冷却。固体产物经离心分离,用去离子水洗搽至中性,在 lCXTC 空气中干燥后, 得原粉 18.2 g (600QC焙烧失重 15.0%), 固体收率 83.0%。
XRD分析显示所得固体为 SAPO-34分子筛。 XRD数据与表 2类似, 即峰 位置相同, 各衍射峰相对强度略有差别 (^10%)。 实施例 22
将实施例 1和对比例 1得到的样品于 600°C下通入空气焙烧 4小时, 然后压片、破碎至 20〜40目。 称取 l .Og样品装入固定床反应器, 进行 MTO反应评价。 在 550°C下通氮气活化 1小时, 然后降温至 450°C进行 反应。 甲醇由氮气携带, 氮气流速为 40ml/mm, 甲醇重量空速 2.01^。 反 应产物由在线气相色谱进行分析(Vanan3800, FID检测器, 毛细管柱 PoraPLOT Q-HT ) , 结果示于表 3。 表 3样品的甲醇转化制烯烃反应结果
寿命 选择性 (质量%) *
样品
(min) CH4 C2H C2H6 C3H6 C3H8 C4+ c5 + C2H +C3H6 实施
130 2.0 45.6 0.8 39.0 1.4 9.3 1.9 84.6 例 1
对比
110 2.3 44.3 0.7 38.3 1.8 10.5 2.2 82.5 例 1
* 100%甲醇转化率时最高 (乙烯+丙烯)选择性

Claims

权 利 要 求 、 一种合成 SAPO-34分子筛的方法, 其特征在于制备过程如下- a) 将硅源、 铝源、 磷源、 去离子水和 SDA混合, 形成具有如下 摩尔配比的初始凝胶混合物:
Si02/Al203 =0.01 - 1;
Ρ2Ο5/Α12Ο3 = 0.5 ~ 1.5;
H20/A1203 = 1 ~ 19;
SDA/Al2O3 = 5 ~ 30;
SDA/ H20 =0.27-30;
其中 SDA为具有 (CH3)2NR结构的有机胺, R为含有 2到 6个碳 原子的直链或支链烷基基团, 或含有 4到 8个碳原子的环烷烃基团; b) 将步骤 a)所得初始凝胶混合物装入合成釜,密闭,升温到 170 ~ 220°C在自生压力下晶化 0.5〜23.5h;
c) 待晶化完全后,固体产物经离心分离,用去离子水洗涤至中性, 干燥后即得到 SAPO-34分子筛。
、 按照权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 a)中的硅源为硅 溶胶、 活性二氧化硅、 正硅酸酯、 偏高岭土中的一种或任意几种的混 合物; 铝源为铝盐、 活性氧化铝、 烷氧基铝、 偏高岭土中的一种或任 意几种的混合物; 磷源为正磷酸、 磷酸氢铵、 磷酸二氢铵、 有机磷化 物或磷氧化物中的一种或任意几种的混合物。
、按照权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 a)初始凝胶混合 物中有机胺 SDA 与水的摩尔比例为 SDA/ H20 =0.5-30 , 优选为 、按照权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 a)初始凝胶混合 物中 SDA与 A1203的摩尔比例为 SDA/ A1203 =7.0 ~ 30。
、按照权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 a)初始凝胶混合 物中的 SDA为 Ν,Ν-二甲基乙基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基丙基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基 异丙基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基丁基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基异丁基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基戊 基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基异戊基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基己基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基异己基 胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基环丁基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基环戊基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基环己基 胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基环庚基胺、 Ν,Ν-二甲基环辛基胺中的一种或任意几种 的混合物。
、 按照权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 a)中的配料顺序 为,首先将铝源加入到 SDA中搅拌均匀,记为混合物 A;另外将硅源、 磷源及去离子水混合, 连续搅拌一段时间后加入混合物 A中, 搅拌均 匀, 得到初始凝胶混合物。
、 按照权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 b)中的晶化温度 为 185 ~ 21(TC, 晶化时间为 1 ~ 12h。
、 按照权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 b)中的晶化过程 在动态进行。
、 一种含有有机胺的 SAPO-34分子筛, 其特征在于, 根据权利要求 1-8 所述任一方法合成得到。
、 一种酸催化反应的催化剂, 其特征在于, 根据权利要求 1-8所述任一 方法合成的 SAPO-34分子筛经 400 ~ 70(TC空气中焙烧得到。
1、 一种含氧化合物转化制'烯烃反应的催化剂, 其特征在于, 根据权利要 求 1-8所述任一方法合成的 SAPO-34分子筛经 400 ~ 700 °C空气中焙烧 得到。
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101121529A (zh) * 2006-08-08 2008-02-13 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 一种磷硅铝sapo-34分子筛的快速合成方法
CN101376111A (zh) * 2007-08-31 2009-03-04 环球油品公司 用于生产轻质烯烃的水处理催化剂

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101121529A (zh) * 2006-08-08 2008-02-13 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 一种磷硅铝sapo-34分子筛的快速合成方法
CN101376111A (zh) * 2007-08-31 2009-03-04 环球油品公司 用于生产轻质烯烃的水处理催化剂

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