WO2014043839A1 - 一种分布式发电分散状态监测装置 - Google Patents

一种分布式发电分散状态监测装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014043839A1
WO2014043839A1 PCT/CN2012/001707 CN2012001707W WO2014043839A1 WO 2014043839 A1 WO2014043839 A1 WO 2014043839A1 CN 2012001707 W CN2012001707 W CN 2012001707W WO 2014043839 A1 WO2014043839 A1 WO 2014043839A1
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Prior art keywords
module
input
power
voltage
data processing
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2012/001707
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
钱庆林
王彦良
徐树锡
陈晓红
朱利峰
刘宗杰
孔平
许磊
丁子甲
肖云东
袁冰
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Jining Power Supply Co of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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Jining Power Supply Co of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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Priority to US14/368,424 priority Critical patent/US9575102B2/en
Publication of WO2014043839A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014043839A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
    • G01R21/133—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by using digital technique
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
    • G01R19/2513—Arrangements for monitoring electric power systems, e.g. power lines or loads; Logging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
    • G01R21/006—Measuring power factor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
    • G01R21/06—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by measuring current and voltage
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/40—Testing power supplies
    • G01R31/42—AC power supplies
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
    • G01R22/06—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
    • G01R22/061—Details of electronic electricity meters
    • G01R22/063—Details of electronic electricity meters related to remote communication

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of power system condition monitoring, and particularly relates to a distributed access distributed state monitoring device with flexible access. Background technique
  • the traditional power monitoring devices are mainly used for fixed installation of main monitoring users' energy meters, power analyzers, etc.; there are also power monitoring systems for large users; but these types of monitoring instruments mainly exist: 1. Monitoring is mainly unidirectional monitoring Can not be effectively applied to the distributed generation system in which the power user/generator role is dynamically transformed; 2. The device completes only one node monitoring, no relevant data sharing and powerful data analysis, so it can only be used for monitoring points. A simple analysis of the operating state level makes it impossible to analyze the overall evaluation of the grid-connected system and the power supply users.
  • the monitoring system needs to have: 1. Select the coupling index of the power system and the distributed power interface, which can effectively realize the two-way monitoring of the role change of the distributed power supplier; 2.
  • the monitoring system must be fully distributed-concentrated , fully distributed to solve the local characteristics of distributed power supply monitoring, centralized use of global information to solve the overall grid-connected characteristics of distributed power and grid-connected power systems.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a flexible access distributed distributed state monitoring device, which is characterized in that
  • the device comprises a power module, an input conditioning module, a data processing module and a network communication module, wherein the input of the device is only an ordinary civil plug, and the power module and the input conditioning module are simultaneously input into the 220V socket of the household power source and simultaneously input into the device.
  • the power module ensures the normal operation of the device by adjusting the voltage; the input conditioning module is responsible for conditioning the input voltage signal, extracting the voltage transient and steady state signals to be analyzed, and inputting to the data processing module; the data processing module is responsible for analyzing The voltage temporarily stabilizes the signal, and judges the running state of the distributed power supply, outputs the judgment result to the network communication module, and then outputs the result from the network communication module through the standard RJ45 Ethernet interface.
  • the invention adopts the above technical solution, is compact and flexible, and can be used in a place with a power socket, which can realize plug and play; in a micro grid with distributed power generation, realizing real-time status of distributed power generation Supervisor
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an input conditioning module to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the structure of a data processing and network communication module to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
  • a distributed power generation distributed state monitoring device using an embodiment of the present invention includes a power module, an input conditioning module, a data processing module, and a network communication module, which are sequentially connected, wherein the input of the device is only for ordinary civilian use.
  • the plug is inserted into the 220V socket of the domestic power supply and simultaneously input into the power module and the input conditioning module in the device.
  • the power module ensures the normal operation of the device by adjusting the voltage; the input conditioning module is responsible for conditioning the input voltage signal, and extracts the to be analyzed.
  • the voltage transient and steady state signals are input to the data processing module; the data processing module is responsible for analyzing the voltage transient steady state signal, and evaluating the running state of the distributed power source, outputting the judgment result to the network communication module, and then passing the standard RJ45 Ethernet interface. The result is output from the network communication module.
  • the wall socket when the wall socket is input to the power module, it is also connected to the input conditioning module to convert the phase voltage signal of the rated value of 220V into a voltage signal between -5V and +5V.
  • the data processing module is composed of a single chip microcomputer MSP430F149, an FPGA chip, a clock chip, and a synchronous dynamic random access memory; wherein, the synchronous dynamic random access memory, the MSP430F149, and the clock chip are connected through an I/O expansion bus; the Ethernet communication controller
  • the DM9000 terminal is connected to the I/O expansion bus of the MSP430F149 chip of the single chip microcomputer, and the other end is connected to the RJ45 interface, and receives the fixed value data from the outside world and the processing result of transmitting the device.
  • the software flow in the microcontroller is shown in Figure 4.
  • the power module is composed of a battery unit, a battery charging controller, an AC/DC conversion unit, and a DC/DC conversion unit; the wall socket input is connected to the AC side of the AC/DC conversion unit; and the battery unit is connected in series with the battery charging controller. On the DC side of the AC/DC conversion unit; at the same time, the DC side of the AC/DC conversion unit is connected to the DC/DC conversion unit, and the output of the DC/DC conversion unit supplies power to other modules in the device.
  • the key technology for the input conditioning module is the accurate acquisition of the 400V voltage signal.
  • the Hall voltage sensor based on the Hall principle overcomes the shortcomings of the electromagnetic type transformer which is only suitable for the 50 Hz power frequency measurement, and has the voltage capable of measuring an arbitrary waveform, and can accurately measure the transient peak parameter; High, better than 1% in the working area, linearity better than 0.1%; good dynamic performance, response time less than 1 ⁇ 3; working frequency bandwidth, linear in 0 ⁇ 100kHz Work; Strong overload capability, high reliability, no explosion or burnout; small size, light weight, easy to install and so on.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an input conditioning module according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the Hall voltage sensor only needs to be connected with a positive and negative DC power supply, and the measured voltage busbar only needs to be connected to the primary terminal, and then is simply connected at the secondary side.
  • the isolation detection of the main circuit and the control circuit, the circuit design is simple, and because the Hall sensor is small in size and light in weight, it is also advantageous for miniaturization of the monitoring device.
  • the Hall voltage sensor output signal is connected to the signal conditioning circuit for low-pass filtering and power amplification to prepare for data processing.
  • the network communication module mainly realizes two functions of serial communication and Ethernet communication. Two communication modes can be optionally used.
  • an MSP430F149 chip is used as the main CPU for data processing, and the external expansion is 256K RAM.
  • the FPGA selects the EP2C8Q208C8 chip, which mainly completes the driving and management of the Ethernet controller, and the data processing module. Internal timing control.
  • the Ethernet controller uses the DM9000 chip, and the serial communication uses the Maxim232 chip to expand the RS232 communication interface for on-site debugging.
  • the main functions of data processing are -
  • the data is stored in the externally extended RAM; the data analysis flow chart is shown in Figure 4.
  • the voltage signal output by the 220V common power interface is input through the input conditioning module, and after signal denoising filtering, it is divided into two paths, one of which is digital anti-aliasing filtered and stored in the original data storage array; the other passes 45Hz-55Hz
  • the signal is extracted at zero crossing time, and the real-time frequency of the input signal is calculated.
  • the original data stored in the original data storage array is linearly interpolated, and then the full-cycle fast Fourier
  • the leaf transform gives the real-time amplitude and phase angle of the signal. Then, based on the calculated signal amplitude and phase angle, the voltage transient steady-state characteristic index is calculated.
  • the device's own detection and blocking alarms including power interruption, communication anomaly, internal device abnormalities, etc.
  • the power module is composed of a battery unit, a battery charging controller, an AC/DC conversion unit, and a DC/DC conversion unit; the wall socket input is connected to the AC side of the AC/DC conversion unit; and the battery unit is connected in series with the battery charging controller.
  • the DC side of the AC/DC conversion unit is connected to the DC/DC conversion unit, and the output of the DC/DC conversion unit supplies power to other modules in the device.
  • the invention aims at a flexible access characteristic of distributed power supply and a requirement of global optimized data analysis, and invents a flexible access distributed distributed state monitoring device, which utilizes a wall socket for collecting power supply and a power signal to be monitored. And with standard standard Ethernet output, it can realize various analysis functions such as micro grid voltage transient steady state analysis, short circuit fault analysis, harmonic content analysis, voltage fluctuation analysis, etc.
  • the device has a simple structure and strong field application flexibility; it has low power consumption capability and low cost.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种分布式发电分散状态监测装置，属于新能源接入领域，该装置包括依次相连的电源模块、输入调理模块、数据处理模块及网络通讯模块，其中该装置的输入仅为普通的民用插头，插入民用电源220V插座同时输入至装置中的电源模块和输入调理模块，电源模块通过对电压的调理，保证本装置的正常运行；输入调理模块负责对输入电压信号的调理，提取待分析的电压暂态、稳态信号，输入至数据处理模块；数据处理模块负责分析电压暂稳态信号，并评判分布式电源的运行状态，将判断结果输出至网络通讯模块，然后通过标准RJ45以太网接口从网络通讯模块输出结果。该装置紧凑灵活，能够实现对分布式发电状态的实时监测。

Description

一种分布式发电分散状态监测装置 技术领域
本发明属于电力系统状态监测技术领域， 特别涉及一种灵活接入的分布式发电分散状 态监测装置。 背景技术
目前以风电、 光伏等新能源发电模式为代表的分布式绿色能源发展迅速， 特别是随着 电力市场的建设， 传统的电力用户， 比如厂矿企业、 普通居民家庭， 只要装设有分布式绿 色能源， 则可以在电网购电价格较高时向电网售电， 变为小型的发电商。 但是这种灵活的 分布式电源接入电网， 需要建立在对电网运行状态的准确、 实时监测的基础上， 才能保证 分布式电源接入电网时对分布式电源本身和电网的冲击。
然而传统的电力监测装置主要为固定安装的主要监测用户的电能表、 电力分析仪等； 也有针对大型用户的电力监测系统等； 但是这些类型的监测仪表主要存在： 1、 监测主要 为单方向监测， 无法有效地应用在电力用户 /发电商角色动态变换的分布式发电系统中； 2、 装置完成的仅仅是一个节点监测， 没有相关的数据共享以及强大的数据分析， 因此仅能对 监测点的运行状态水平简单分析， 无法实现对并网系统和供电用户的整体评价分析。
要实现以上目标， 监测系统需要具备： 1、 选择电力系统与分布式电源接口的耦合指 标， 能够有效地实现对分布式电源供电商角色变换的双向监测； 2、 监测系统必须是全分 布-集中式， 全分布式解决分布式电源的本地特性监测， 集中式利用全局信息解决分布式电 源与并网电力系统的整体并网特性分析。
针对以上问题， 本发明提出了一种灵活接入的分布式发电分散状态监测装置， 该装置 应用在分布式供电商处， 根据分布式电源是否并网来灵活决定投退， 而且该装置具备网络 通信功能， 为集中并网分析提供了数据采集基础。 发明内容
本发明目的是为了克服已有技术的不足之处， 提出了一种灵活接入的分布式发电分散 状态监测装置， 其特征在于，
该装置包括依次相连的电源模块、 输入调理模块、 数据处理模块及网络通讯模块， 其 中该装置的输入仅为普通的民用插头， 插入民用电源 220V插座同时输入至装置中的电源 模块和输入调理模块， 电源模块通过对电压的调理， 保证本装置的正常运行； 输入调理模 块负责对输入电压信号的调理，提取待分析的电压暂态、稳态信号， 输入至数据处理模块; 数据处理模块负责分析电压暂稳态信号， 并评判分布式电源的运行状态， 将判断结果输出 至网络通讯模块， 然后通过标准 RJ45以太网接口从网络通讯模块输出结果。 本发明由于釆用上述技术方案， 紧凑灵活， 有电源插座的地方就可使用该装置， 可以 实现即插即用； 在含有分布式发电的微电网中应用， 能够实现对分布式发电状态的实时监
附图说明
图 1为应用本发明实施例的构成框图。
图 2为应用本发明实施例的输入调理模块构成框图。
图 3为应用本发明实施例的数据处理及网络通讯模块构成框图。
图 4为应用本发明实施例的软件流程。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明具体实施方式进行说明。 如附图 1所示， 应用本发明专利的实 施例分布式发电分散状态监测装置包括依次相连的电源模块、 输入调理模块、 数据处理模 块及网络通讯模块， 其中该装置的输入仅为普通的民用插头， 插入民用电源 220V插座同 时输入至装置中的电源模块和输入调理模块， 电源模块通过对电压的调理， 保证本装置的 正常运行； 输入调理模块负责对输入电压信号的调理，提取待分析的电压暂态、稳态信号， 输入至数据处理模块； 数据处理模块负责分析电压暂稳态信号， 并评判分布式电源的运行 状态， 将判断结果输出至网络通讯模块， 然后通过标准 RJ45 以太网接口从网络通讯模块 输出结果。
如附图 2所示， 墙上插座输入至电源模块的同时， 也连接至输入调理模块， 实现由将 额定值 220V的相电压信号变换为 - 5V ~ +5V之间的电压信号。
如附图 3所示， 数据处理模块由单片机 MSP430F149、 FPGA芯片、 时钟芯片、 同步 动态随机存储器组成； 其中， 同步动态随机存储器、 MSP430F149、 时钟芯片通过 I/O扩展 总线相连； 以太网通信控制器 DM9000—端与单片机 MSP430F149芯片的 I/O扩展总线相 连， 另一端与 RJ45 接口相接， 接收来自外界的定值数据和发送本装置的处理结果。 单片 机中的软件流程如图 4所示。
电源模块由电池单元、 电池充电控制器、 AC/DC变换单元、 DC/DC变换单元组成； 墙上插座输入接至 AC/DC变换单元的 AC侧； 电池单元与电池充电控制器串联后并接在 AC/DC变换单元的 DC侧； 同时 AC/DC变换单元的 DC侧并接 DC/DC变换单元， DC/DC 变换单元的输出为装置中的其他模块供电。
1、 输入调理模块
输入调理模块的关键技术在于对 400V电压信号的精确采集。 本实施例中采用基于霍 尔原理的霍尔电压传感器克服了电磁型互感器只适用于 50Hz工频测量的缺点， 具有可测 量任意波形的电压， 可以对瞬态峰值参数进行精确的测量； 精度高， 在工作区内优于 1 %， 线性度优于 0.1 % ; 动态性能好， 响应时间小于 1μ3; 工作频带宽， 可在 0~100kHz内线性 工作； 过载能力强， 可靠性高， 不会因此发生爆炸或烧毁； 尺寸小， 重量轻， 易于安装等 优点。
如图 2为应用本发明实施例的输入调理模块构成框图，其中霍尔电压传感器只需外接 正负直流电源， 被测电压母线只需接于原边端子， 然后在副边端作简单连接完成主电路与 控制电路的隔离检测， 电路设计简单， 同时由于霍尔传感器的尺寸小、 重量轻， 也有利于 监测装置的小型化。
霍尔电压传感器输出信号连接至信号调理电路， 实现低通滤波和功率放大， 为数据处 理做好准备。
2、 数据处理及网络通讯模块 网络通讯模块主要实现串口通讯和以太网通讯两部分功能， 两种通讯方式可以任选使 用。
考虑到装置需要工作于低功耗状态， 采用一片 MSP430F149 芯片作为数据处理的主 CPU, 外部扩展 256K的 RAM, FPGA选用 EP2C8Q208C8芯片， 主要完成对以太网控制 器的驱动与管理， 以及数据处理模块的内部时序控制。 以太网控制器采用 DM9000芯片， 串口通讯采用 Maxim232芯片外扩 RS232通信接口， 用于现场调试。 数据处理主要完成功 能有-
1 ) 利用芯片内部的模数 （AD) 转换模块， 实时采集待监测的电压信号；
2)对采集信号的存储和分析， 数据存储在外部扩展的 RAM中； 数据分析流程图如图 4所示。首先经输入调理模块釆集 220V公共电源接口输出的电压信号，经信号去噪滤波之 后， 分为两路， 其中一路经数字抗混叠滤波后保存在原始数据存储数组； 另一路经过 45Hz-55Hz的窄带滤波后， 提取信号过零点时刻， 并计算得到输入信号的实时频率； 依据 实时计算的信号频率， 对存储在原始数据存储数组中的原始数据进行线性插值处理， 然后 作全周期快速傅里叶变换， 得到信号的实时幅值和相角。 然后基于计算得到的信号幅值和 相角， 计算电压暂稳态特性指标。
3 ) 装置自身的检测与闭锁告警， 包括电源中断、 通信异常、 装置内部异常等实时监
3、 电源模块 正常的情况下， 电源模块由墙上 220V交流电源供电； 在突然断电的情况下， 监测系 统由电池继续供电， 同时监测仪进入低耗状态，仅仅进行数据监测和存储， 并不对外通讯; 同时为了保证监测仪在电压跌落时可靠的工作， 在数据处理模块电源入口处， 增加大容量 电容进行暂态电压支撑。电源模块由电池单元、电池充电控制器、 AC/DC变换单元、 DC/DC 变换单元组成；墙上插座输入接至 AC/DC变换单元的 AC侧； 电池单元与电池充电控制器 串联后并接在 AC/DC变换单元的 DC侧；同时 AC/DC变换单元的 DC侧并接 DC/DC变换 单元， DC/DC变换单元的输出为装置中的其他模块供电。 本发明的特点及技术效果：
本发明针对分布式电源的灵活接入特点和全局优化数据分析的要求， 发明了一种灵活 接入的分布式发电分散状态监测装置， 利用民用墙上插座采集供电电源， 以及待监测的电 力信号， 且具有标准规范的以太网输出， 能够实现微电网电压暂稳态分析、短路故障分析、 谐波含量分析、 电压波动分析等多种分析功能；
该装置结构简单、 现场应用灵活性强； 具备低功耗运行能力， 成本低。

Claims

1、 一种分布式发电分散状态监测装置， 其特征在于， 该装置包括依次相连的电源模 块、 输入调理模块、 数据处理模块及网络通讯模块， 其中该装置的输入仅为普通的民用插 头， 插入民用电源 220V插座同时输入至装置中的电源模块和输入调理模块， 电源模块通 过对电压的调理， 保证本装置的正常运行； 输入调理模块负责对输入电压信号的调理， 提 取待分析的电压暂态、 稳态信号， 输入至数据处理模块； 数据处理模块负责分析电压暂稳 态信号， 并评判分布式电源的运行状态， 将判断结果输出至网络通讯模块， 然后通过标准 RJ45以太网接口从网络通讯模块输出结果。
2、 如权利要求 1 所述的装置， 其特征在于， 电源模块由电池单元、 电池充电控制器、 AC/DC变换单元、 DC/DC变换单元组成； 墙上插座输入接至 AC/DC变换单元的 AC侧； 电池单元与电池充电控制器串联后并接在 AC/DC变换单元的 DC侧； 同时 AC/DC变换单 元的 DC侧并接 DC/DC变换单元， DC/DC变换单元的输出为装置中的其他模块供电。
3、 如权利要求 1 所述的装置， 其特征在于， 墙上插座输入至电源模块的同时， 也连 接至输入调理模块， 将额定值 220V的相电压信号变换为 - 5V +5V之间的电压信号。
4、 如权利要求 1 所述的装置， 其特征在于， 数据处理模块由单片机 MSP430F149、 时钟芯片、 同步动态随机存储器组成； 其中， 同步动态随机存储器、 MSP430F149、 时钟 芯片通过 I/O扩展总线相连。
5、 如权利要求 1 所述的装置， 其特征在于， 网络通讯模块由以太网通信控制器 DM9000、 RJ45接口组成； DM9000—端与单片机 MSP430F149芯片的 I/O扩展总线相连， 另一端与 Rj45接口相接， 接收来自外界的定值数据和发送本装置的处理结果。
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