WO2014040317A1 - 红外有机电致发光二极管 - Google Patents
红外有机电致发光二极管 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014040317A1 WO2014040317A1 PCT/CN2012/082237 CN2012082237W WO2014040317A1 WO 2014040317 A1 WO2014040317 A1 WO 2014040317A1 CN 2012082237 W CN2012082237 W CN 2012082237W WO 2014040317 A1 WO2014040317 A1 WO 2014040317A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/18—Carrier blocking layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/84—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
- H10K50/844—Encapsulations
- H10K50/8445—Encapsulations multilayered coatings having a repetitive structure, e.g. having multiple organic-inorganic bilayers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/351—Metal complexes comprising lanthanides or actinides, e.g. comprising europium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/371—Metal complexes comprising a group IB metal element, e.g. comprising copper, gold or silver
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of organic electroluminescent diodes, and more particularly to an infrared organic electroluminescent diode. Background technique
- the infrared band is an important electromagnetic band in the military and civilian fields, with a wavelength of 0.78 ⁇ 1000 ⁇ .
- Infrared rays are commonly used for heating, physiotherapy, night vision, communication, navigation, plant cultivation, and poultry farming. For example, using infrared rays for physiotherapy, when infrared rays illuminate the body surface, part of it is reflected.
- the other part is absorbed by the skin.
- the degree of reflection of infrared rays is related to the condition of skin pigmentation.
- the non-pigmented skin reflects about 60% of its energy; while the pigmented skin reflects its energy.
- Long-wave infrared (wavelength above 1.5 microns), most of which is reflected and absorbed by shallow skin tissue, penetrates the skin to a depth of only 0.05 ⁇ 2 mm, and therefore only acts on the surface tissue of the skin; short-wave infrared (wavelength The near-infrared portion of the red light and the red light penetrate into the deepest tissue, and the penetration depth can reach 10 mm. It can directly affect the blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerve endings and other subcutaneous tissues of the skin to achieve the effect of physical therapy.
- infrared applications in life include high temperature sterilization, infrared night vision devices, monitoring equipment, mobile phone infrared ports, hotel room door cards, car and TV remote controls, sink infrared sensors and infrared sensor doors.
- the 850nm, 1330nm and 1550nm window wavelengths in fiber-optic communication are all in the infrared range, and the infrared band also involves applications such as data processing, storage, security marking, infrared detection, and infrared guidance.
- infrared generators are gas xenon lamps, heated objects or lasers, etc., which do not provide infrared display.
- the inorganic semiconductor infrared generator is based on an inorganic compound mainly composed of mercury cadmium telluride.
- the insufficiency of inorganic infrared semiconductor materials high preparation cost and complicated process, it is impossible to prepare films on polycrystalline, amorphous and flexible plastic substrates.
- the inadequacy of inorganic infrared semiconductor materials limits the widespread use of infrared display devices with important military applications.
- Electroluminescent devices have a wide range of material selection, low driving voltage, fast speed, wide viewing angle, light weight, ultra-thin, flexible substrate, large area and large-scale film formation.
- Infrared organic electroluminescent diode displays fabricated using organic semiconductor materials It is made up of a display that is invisible to the naked eye and can only be viewed with night vision goggles. Integrating this display into the soldier's uniform or equipment allows the soldier to communicate at night without being detected by the enemy and has the ability to observe through fog, rain, and the like.
- infrared organic EL LED displays can also be used to open doors and doors, pass password information and more.
- the present invention provides an infrared organic electroluminescent diode, comprising: a transparent substrate, an anode disposed on the transparent substrate, a hole transport layer disposed on the anode, and disposed on the hole transport layer a light-emitting layer, a hole blocking layer provided on the light-emitting layer, an electron transport layer provided on the hole blocking layer, and a cathode provided on the electron transport layer, wherein the light-emitting layer is an infrared light-emitting layer.
- the infrared luminescent layer is a trivalent rare earth ion complex layer, a narrow band gap organic polymer layer, an organic ionic dye layer, a porphyrin layer or a phthalocyanine layer.
- the infrared illuminating layer is uniformly distributed with a plurality of pixel points, and each pixel includes an infrared sub-pixel point, and each pixel point is driven by a TFT circuit.
- the light transmissive substrate is a glass substrate.
- the anode is indium tin oxide formed on a transparent substrate; the hole transport layer is N,
- the hole blocking layer is 1,3,5-tris(1-phenyl-1 ⁇ - a benzimidazol-2-yl)benzene layer or a 2,9-diindenyl-4,7-biphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline layer
- the electron transport layer is doped 8-hydroxyquinoline Aluminum layer
- the cathode is aluminum or silver.
- the light transmissive substrate is a flexible polyethylene terephthalate substrate or a flexible stainless steel foil. Also included is a first protective layer disposed between the anode and the light transmissive substrate and a second protective layer disposed on the cathode.
- the first protective layer is an alternating structural layer of a polymer layer and an inorganic dense cut-off layer.
- the polymer layer is a poly(p-phenylene) layer, a polyolefin layer, a polyester layer or a polyimide layer.
- the second protective layer is a titanium dioxide layer, a silicon dioxide layer, an aluminum oxide layer, a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, a silicon oxycarbide layer or a diamond-like film layer.
- the invention also provides an infrared organic electroluminescent diode, comprising: a transparent substrate, an anode disposed on the transparent substrate, a hole transport layer disposed on the anode, and a light emission disposed on the hole transport layer a layer, a hole blocking layer disposed on the light emitting layer, an electron transport layer disposed on the hole blocking layer, and a cathode disposed on the electron transport layer, wherein the light emitting layer is an infrared light emitting layer;
- the infrared luminescent layer is a trivalent rare earth ion complex layer, a narrow band gap organic polymer layer, an organic ion dye layer, a porphyrin layer or a phthalocyanine layer;
- the infrared illuminating layer is uniformly distributed with a plurality of pixel points, each pixel includes an infrared sub-pixel point, and each pixel point is driven by a TFT circuit;
- the anode is indium tin oxide formed on a transparent substrate;
- the hole transport layer is N, N'-bis(3-mercaptophenyl)-N, N'-diphenyl-1, V -diphenyl-4,4'-diamine layer or N,N'-bis( 1-nyl)-N,N'-diphenyl-1, -diphenyl-4,4'-diamine
- the hole blocking layer is a 1,3,5-tris(1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)benzene layer or 2,9-dimercapto-4,7-biphenyl- a 1,10-phenanthroline layer;
- the electron transport layer is doped with an 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum layer;
- the cathode is aluminum or silver;
- the transparent substrate is a flexible polyethylene terephthalate substrate or a flexible stainless steel foil;
- the method further includes a first protective layer disposed between the anode and the transparent substrate and a second protective layer disposed on the cathode;
- the first protective layer is an alternating structural layer of a polymer layer and an inorganic dense cut-off layer; wherein the polymer layer is a poly(p-phenylene) layer, a polyolefin layer, a polyester layer or a polyimide layer ;
- the second protective layer is a titanium dioxide layer, a silicon dioxide layer, an aluminum oxide layer, a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, a silicon oxycarbide layer or a diamond-like film layer.
- the invention has the beneficial effects that the infrared organic electroluminescent diode of the invention has the infrared light emitting layer disposed, so that the light emitting diode can emit infrared light, which effectively solves the high preparation cost of the inorganic semiconductor infrared device, complicated process, and cannot be in polycrystalline,
- the problem of preparing a film on an amorphous or flexible plastic substrate greatly reduces the production cost, and is widely used and popularized.
- 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an infrared organic electroluminescent diode according to the present invention
- 2 is a schematic view showing a pixel structure of an infrared organic electroluminescent diode according to the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a pixel driving circuit of an infrared organic electroluminescent diode according to the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a diagram of an emission light peak of a phenol-based copper layer as a light-emitting layer
- Figure 5 is a diagram showing the emission light peak of the bis(8-hydroxyquinoline) ruthenium layer as a light-emitting layer
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of an infrared organic electroluminescent diode according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the first protective layer of FIG. detailed description
- the present invention provides an infrared organic electroluminescent diode, comprising: a transparent substrate 2, an anode 3 disposed on the transparent substrate 2, and a hole transport layer 4 disposed on the anode 3. a light-emitting layer 5 provided on the hole transport layer 4, a hole blocking layer 6 provided on the light-emitting layer 5, an electron transport layer 7 provided on the hole blocking layer 6, and a cathode 8 provided on the electron transport layer 7. .
- the light-transmitting substrate 2 is a glass substrate.
- the anode 3 is indium tin oxide (ITO, Indium Tin Oxides) formed on a transparent substrate.
- the hole transport layer 4 is a layer of N, W-bis(3-mercaptophenyl)-N, W-diphenyl-1, ⁇ '-diphenyl-4,4'-diamine (TPD) Or a layer of N, N'-bis(1-naphthyl)-N,N'-diphenyl-1,-diphenyl-4,4'-diamine (NPD).
- the luminescent layer 5 is an infrared luminescent layer.
- the hole blocking layer 6 is a 1,3,5-tris(1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)benzene (TPBI) layer or a 2,9-dimercapto-4,7-linked group.
- TPBI 1,3,5-tris(1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)benzene
- BCP Benzene-1,10-phenanthroline
- the electron transport layer ⁇ is doped with an 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum (Alq 3 ) layer.
- the cathode is aluminum (A1) or silver (Ag).
- the infrared luminescent layer 5 may specifically be a trivalent rare earth ion complex layer, a narrow band gap organic polymer layer, an organic ion dye layer, a porphyrin layer or a phthalocyanine layer.
- the infrared illuminating layer 5 is uniformly provided with a plurality of pixel points 52.
- each pixel point 52 is arranged side by side, each pixel point 52 includes an infrared sub-pixel point 522, and each pixel point 52 is driven by the TFT circuit 54.
- the peak of the emission spectrum of the copper phenocyanine layer as the light-emitting layer shows that the peak of the emission spectrum is 1120 nm, which belongs to the infrared band.
- the molecular formula of the copper phthalocyanine material is:
- Fig. 5 is a peak of the emission spectrum of the light-emitting layer with a tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) ruthenium layer. It can be seen that the emission light peak is at 1530 nm, which is also in the infrared band.
- the molecular formula of the tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)indole is:
- the infrared organic electroluminescent diode of the invention has a wavelength of light in the wavelength range of infrared light; it can be used as an infrared generator, which can overcome the high preparation cost of the inorganic semiconductor infrared device, complicated process, and can not be in the polycrystalline Problems such as film preparation on amorphous and flexible plastic substrates; can also be used for infrared image display to transfer information at night or between related personnel without information leakage.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of an infrared organic electroluminescent diode according to the present invention.
- the transparent substrate 2 of the infrared organic electroluminescent diode is a flexible polyphenylene terephthalate.
- the ethylene phthalate substrate or the flexible stainless steel foil further includes: a first protective layer 9 disposed between the anode 3 and the transparent substrate 2, and a second protective layer 10 disposed on the cathode 8.
- the first protective layer 9 is a Barix protective layer, which is an alternating structural layer of the polymer layer 92 and the inorganic dense cut-off layer 94.
- the polymer layer 92 may be a poly(p-phenylene) layer, a polyolefin layer, a polyester layer or a polyimide layer.
- the poly(p-nonylbenzene) is preferably poly(p-nonylbenzene) (PPX) or poly-chloro-p-nonylbenzene (PCPX);
- the polyene is preferably polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), polypropylene ( PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or soluble polytetrafluoroethylene (PFA);
- the polyester is preferably polyethylene terephthalate (PEN) , polycarbonate (PC), polyacrylic acid acrylate (PMMA), polyvinyl acetate (PVAC), or polyether sulfone resin (PES).
- the inorganic dense cut-off layer 94 is a transparent oxide film, a transparent fluoride film, a silicon nitride series (Si x N y ), or a sulfur-based glass.
- the transparent oxide film is titanium dioxide (Ti0 2 ), magnesium oxide (MgO), silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), zirconium oxide (Zr0 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), or aluminum oxide (A1 2 0 3
- the transparent fluoride film is lithium fluoride (LiF) or magnesium fluoride (MgF 2 ), and the silicon nitride series may be silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) or titanium nitride (TiN).
- SiN x silicon nitride series
- the gram-based glass is selenium (Se), tellurium (Te), or antimony (Sb), and the others are zinc sulfide (ZnS), silicon oxynitride series ( SiO x N y ), or a series of silicon oxycarbide (SiO x C y ).
- the second protective layer 10 is an inorganic protective layer, which may be a titanium dioxide (Ti0 2 ) layer, a silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) layer, an aluminum oxide (Al 2 2 3 3 ) layer, a silicon nitride (SiNj layer, A silicon oxynitride series (SiO x N y ) layer of a silicon oxycarbide series (SiO x C y ) layer or a diamond-like film (DLC) layer.
- Ti0 2 titanium dioxide
- SiO 2 silicon dioxide
- Al 2 2 3 3 3 aluminum oxide
- SiNj silicon nitride
- SiNj silicon nitride
- SiNj silicon nitride
- SiO x N y silicon oxynitride series
- SiO x C y silicon oxycarbide series
- DLC diamond-like film
- the infrared organic electroluminescent diode of the present invention can be used both as an infrared ray generator and as an infrared image display.
- the infrared ray is irradiated to the body surface, part of it is reflected and the other part is absorbed by the skin.
- the degree of reflection of the skin on infrared light is related to the condition of pigmentation.
- the pigment-free skin reflects about 60% of its energy; while the pigmented skin reflects about 40% of its energy.
- irradiated with long-wave infrared rays most of them are reflected and absorbed by shallow skin tissue.
- the penetration depth of the skin is only 0.05 ⁇ 2 mm, so it can only act on the surface tissue of the skin; Short-wave infrared (wavelength) The near-infrared portion of the red light and the red light penetrate into the deepest tissue, and the penetration depth can reach 10 mm, which can directly affect the blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerve endings and other subcutaneous tissues of the skin.
- the flexible infrared organic electroluminescent diode display whose picture is invisible to the naked eye, can only be viewed with the help of night vision goggles. Integrating the display into the soldier's uniform or equipment allows the soldier to communicate at night without being detected by the enemy and has the ability to observe through fog, rain, and the like.
- organic electroluminescent diode of the present invention can also be used for an infrared detector.
- the infrared organic electroluminescent diode of the present invention enables the light emitting diode to emit infrared light through the arrangement of the infrared light emitting layer, thereby effectively solving the high cost of manufacturing the inorganic semiconductor infrared device, complicated process, and not being polycrystalline or non-
- the problem of preparing a film on a crystal and a flexible plastic substrate greatly reduces the production cost, and is widely used and popularized.
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Description
红外有机电致发光二极管 技术领域
本发明涉及有机电致发光二极管领域, 尤其涉及一种红外有机电致发 光二极管。 背景技术
红外波段是军事和民用领域中一个重要的电磁波段, 波长为 0.78 ~ 1000μηι。 红外线常用于加热、 理疗、 夜视、 通讯、 导航、 植物栽培和禽畜 饲养等。 例如利用红外线进行理疗, 当红外线照射体表后, 一部分被反射
, 另一部分被皮肤吸收, 红外线的反射程度与皮肤色素沉着的状况有关, 用波长 0.9微米的红外线照射时, 无色素沉着的皮肤反射其能量约 60%; 而有色素沉着的皮肤反射其能量约 40%。 长波红外线 (波长 1.5 微米以 上) 照射时, 绝大部分被反射和为浅层皮肤组织吸收, 穿透皮肤的深度仅 达 0.05 ~ 2毫米, 因而只能作用到皮肤的表层组织; 短波红外线(波长 1.5 微米以内) 以及红色光的近红外线部分透入组织最深, 穿透深度可达 10 毫米, 能直接作用到皮肤的血管、 淋巴管、 神经末梢及其他皮下组织, 达 到理疗的效果。
生活中常见的红外线应用有高温杀菌、 红外线夜视仪、 监控设备、 手 机红外口、 宾馆房门卡、 汽车和电视机遥控器、 洗手池红外感应及红外感 应门等等。 另外, 光纤通信中的 850nm、 1330nm和 1550nm窗口波长都位 于红外波段, 并且红外波段还涉及到数据处理、 储存、 安全标记、 红外探 测以及红外制导等的应用。
常用的红外线发生器是气体氙灯、 受热物体或激光器等, 它们无法实 现红外显示。 无机半导体红外发生器是基于以碲镉汞为主的无机化合物。 无机红外半导体材料存在的不足之处: 制备成本高, 工艺复杂, 不能在多 晶、 非晶以及柔性塑料衬底上制备薄膜。 无机红外半导体材料以上的不足 限制了具有重要军事应用的红外显示器件的广泛应用。
然而, 有机半导体材料相对于无机半导体材料, 具有价廉质轻、 溶解 性好、 易加工成大面积柔性器件和通过分子剪裁调控光电性能的优势。 有 机电致发光器件具有材料选择范围宽、 驱动电压低、 相应速度快、 发光视 角宽、 重量轻、 超薄、 柔性衬底、 大面积及大规模制膜等特点。
红外有机电致发光二极管 (OLED )显示器使用有机半导体材料制作
而成, 它的显示画面用肉眼看不见, 只能借助夜视镜观看。 将此显示器整 合到士兵的制服或装备中, 可使士兵在夜晚进行通信而不被敌人发现, 并 具有透过雾、 雨等进行观察的能力。 此外, 红外有机电致发光二极管显示 器还可以用来开启房门和车门, 传递密码信息等。
因此, 红外有机电致发光二极管的研究开发具有重要的科学意义和 广泛的应用前景。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种红外有机电致发光二极管, 其结构简单, 成本低, 可实现柔性红外显示。
为实现上述目的, 本发明提供一种红外有机电致发光二极管, 包括: 透光基板、 设于透光基板上的阳极、 设于阳极上的空穴传输层、 设于空穴 传输层上的发光层、 设于发光层上的空穴阻挡层、 设于空穴阻挡层上的电 子传输层及设于电子传输层上的阴极, 所述发光层为红外发光层。
所述红外发光层为三价稀土离子配合物层、 窄带隙有机聚合物层、 有 机离子染料层、 卟啉层或酞菁层。
所述红外发光层上均布有数个像素点, 每一像素包括一个红外子像素 点, 每一像素点均由 TFT电路驱动。
所述透光基板为玻璃基板。
所述阳极为形成于透明基板上的氧化铟锡; 所述空穴传输层为 N,
Ν' -双(3-曱基苯基) -Ν, N' -二苯基 -1 , V -二苯基 -4, 4' -二胺层或 Ν, N' -双(1-奈基) -Ν, N' -二苯基 -1 , V -二苯基 -4, 4' -二胺层; 所 述空穴阻挡层为 1,3,5-三 (1-苯基 -1Η-苯并咪唑 -2-基)苯层或 2,9-二曱基 -4,7- 联苯 -1,10-邻二氮杂菲层; 所述电子传输层为掺杂 8 -羟基喹啉铝层; 所述 阴极为铝或银。
所述透光基板为柔性聚对苯二曱酸乙二醇酯基板或柔性不锈钢箔。 还包括设于阳极与透光基板之间的第一保护层及设于阴极上的第二保 护层。
所述第一保护层为聚合物层与无机致密截止层的交替结构层。
所述聚合物层为聚对二曱苯层、 聚烯层、 聚酯层或聚酰亚胺层。
所述第二保护层为二氧化钛层、 二氧化硅层、 三氧化二铝层、 氮化硅 层、 氮氧化硅层碳氧化硅层或类金刚石薄膜层。
本发明还提供一种红外有机电致发光二极管, 包括: 透光基板、 设于 透光基板上的阳极、 设于阳极上的空穴传输层、 设于空穴传输层上的发光
层、 设于发光层上的空穴阻挡层、 设于空穴阻挡层上的电子传输层及设于 电子传输层上的阴极, 所述发光层为红外发光层;
其中, 所述红外发光层为三价稀土离子配合物层、 窄带隙有机聚合物 层、 有机离子染料层、 卟啉层或酞菁层;
其中, 所述红外发光层上均布有数个像素点, 每一像素包括一个红外 子像素点, 每一像素点均由 TFT电路驱动;
其中, 所述阳极为形成于透明基板上的氧化铟锡; 所述空穴传输层为 N, N' -双(3-曱基苯基) -N, N' -二苯基 -1 , V -二苯基 -4, 4' -二胺层 或 N, N' -双( 1-奈基) -N, N' -二苯基 -1 , -二苯基 -4 , 4' -二胺 层; 所述空穴阻挡层为 1,3,5-三 (1-苯基 -1H-苯并咪唑 -2-基)苯层或 2,9-二曱 基—4,7-联苯 -1,10-邻二氮杂菲层; 所述电子传输层为掺杂 8 -羟基喹啉铝 层; 所述阴极为铝或银;
其中, 所述透光基板为柔性聚对苯二曱酸乙二醇酯基板或柔性不锈钢 箔;
还包括设于阳极与透光基板之间的第一保护层及设于阴极上的第二保 护层;
其中, 所述第一保护层为聚合物层与无机致密截止层的交替结构层; 其中, 所述聚合物层为聚对二曱苯层、 聚烯层、 聚酯层或聚酰亚胺 层;
其中, 所述第二保护层为二氧化钛层、 二氧化硅层、 三氧化二铝层、 氮化硅层、 氮氧化硅层碳氧化硅层或类金刚石薄膜层。
本发明的有益效果: 本发明的红外有机电致发光二极管, 通过红外发 光层的设置, 使得发光二极管能发出红外光, 有效解决了无机半导体红外 器件制备成本高、 工艺复杂、 不能在多晶、 非晶以及柔性塑料衬底上制备 薄膜等问题, 在很大程度上降低了生产成本, 且用途广泛, 利于普及。
为了能更进一步了解本发明的特征以及技术内容, 请参阅以下有关本 发明的详细说明与附图, 然而附图仅提供参考与说明用, 并非用来对本发 明加以限制。 附图说明
下面结合附图, 通过对本发明的具体实施方式详细描述, 将使本发明 的技术方案及其它有益效果显而易见。
附图中,
图 1为本发明红外有机电致发光二极管一实施例的结构示意图;
图 2为本发明红外有机电致发光二极管的像素结构示意图;
图 3为本发明红外有机电致发光二极管的像素驱动电路结构示意图; 图 4为以酚著铜层作为发光层的发射光语峰图;
图 5为以三 (8-羟基喹啉)铒层作为发光层的发射光语峰图;
图 6为本发明红外有机电致发光二极管另一实施例的结构示意图; 图 7为图 6中第一保护层的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明所釆取的技术手段及其效果, 以下结合本发明 的优选实施例及其附图进行详细描述。
请参阅图 1 至图 5 , 本发明提供一种红外有机电致发光二极管, 包 括: 透光基板 2、 设于透光基板 2上的阳极 3、 设于阳极 3上的空穴传输 层 4、 设于空穴传输层 4上的发光层 5、 设于发光层 5上的空穴阻挡层 6、 设于空穴阻挡层 6上的电子传输层 7及设于电子传输层 7上的阴极 8。
在本实施例中所述透光基板 2为玻璃基板。 所述阳极 3为形成于透明 基板上的氧化铟锡( ITO, Indium Tin Oxides ) 。 所述空穴传输层 4为 N, W -双 (3-曱基苯基) -N , W -二苯基 -1 , \ ' -二苯基 -4 , 4' -二胺 ( TPD )层或 N, N' -双(1-奈基) -N, N' -二苯基 -1 , -二苯基 -4, 4' -二胺(NPD )层。 所述发光层 5为红外发光层。 所述空穴阻挡层 6为 1,3,5-三(1-苯基 -1H-苯并咪唑 -2-基)苯(TPBI )层或 2,9-二曱基 -4,7-联苯- 1,10-邻二氮杂菲 (BCP ) 层。 所述电子传输层 Ί 为掺杂 8 -羟基喹啉铝 ( Alq3 )层。 所述阴极为铝 (A1 )或银(Ag ) 。
所述红外发光层 5具体可为三价稀土离子配合物层、 窄带隙有机聚合 物层、 有机离子染料层、 卟啉层或酞菁层。 该红外发光层 5上均布有数个 像素点 52, 优选的, 各像素点 52并排排列, 每一像素点 52包括一个红外 子像素点 522, 且每一像素点 52均由 TFT电路 54驱动。
请参阅图 4, 为以酚菁铜层作为发光层的发射光谱峰图, 可见其发射 光谱峰值在 1120nm, 属于红外波段。 其中, 所述酚菁铜材料的分子式 为:
可见, 本发明红外有机电致发光二极管, 所产生的光的波长在红外光 波长范围内; 其可用作红外线发生器, 能克服了无机半导体红外器件制备 成本高、 工艺复杂、 不能在多晶、 非晶以及柔性塑料衬底上制备薄膜等问 题; 也可用于进行红外图像显示, 在夜间或相关人员间传递信息, 而不至 于信息泄露。
请参阅图 6及图 7, 为本发明红外有机电致发光二极管另一实施例的 结构示意图, 在本实施例中, 所述红外有机电致发光二极管的透光基板 2 为柔性聚对苯二曱酸乙二醇酯基板或柔性不锈钢箔, 同时, 其还包括: 设 于阳极 3与透光基板 2之间的第一保护层 9及设于阴极 8上的第二保护层 10。
在本实施例中, 所述第一保护层 9为 Barix保护层, 为聚合物层 92与 无机致密截止层 94的交替结构层。
其中, 所述聚合物层 92 可为聚对二曱苯层, 聚烯层、 聚酯层或聚酰 亚胺层。 所述聚对二曱苯优选聚对二曱苯 (PPX) 、 或聚 -氯对二曱苯 ( PCPX ) ; 所述聚烯优选聚乙烯 (PE) 、 聚苯乙烯 (PS) 、 聚丙烯 (PP) 、 聚对苯二曱酸乙烯(PET) 、 聚四氟乙烯(PTFE) 、 或可溶性聚 四氟乙烯 (PFA) ; 所述聚酯类优选聚苯二曱酸乙二醇酯 (PEN) 、 聚碳 酸酯 (PC) 、 聚曱基丙烯酸曱脂 (PMMA) 、 聚醋酸乙烯脂 (PVAC) 、 或聚醚砜树脂 (PES) 。
所述无机致密截止层 94 为透明氧化物薄膜、 透明氟化物薄膜、 氮化 硅系列 ( SixNy ) 、 或硫系玻璃。 所述透明氧化物薄膜为二氧化钛 (Ti02 ) 、 氧化镁( MgO ) 、 二氧化硅( Si02 ) 、 氧化锆( Zr02 ) 、 氧化锌 ( ZnO ) 、 或三氧化二铝 (A1203 ) ; 所述透明氟化物薄膜为氟化锂 (LiF) 、 或氟化镁(MgF2) , 所述氮化硅系列 可为氮化硅(Si3N4) 、 一氮化钛 ( TiN ) 、 或亚氮化硅系列 ( SiNx ) , 所述石克系玻璃为硒 (Se) 、 碲(Te) 、 或锑(Sb) , 所述其他为硫化锌( ZnS ) 、 氮氧化硅 系列 (SiOxNy) 、 或碳氧化硅系列 (SiOxCy) 。
所述第二保护层 10 为无机保护层, 其可为二氧化钛(Ti02)层、 二 氧化硅(Si02)层、 三氧化二铝 (A1203 )层、 氮化硅(SiNj层、 氮氧化 硅系列 (SiOxNy)层碳氧化硅系列 (SiOxCy)层或类金刚石薄膜(DLC) 层。
本发明的红外有机电致发光二极管, 既可以用作为红外线发生器, 也 可以用作为红外图像显示器。
当其用作红外线发生器时, 其用途如下:
一、 用于加热、 理疗、 夜视、 通讯、 导航、 植物栽培和禽畜饲养等。 红外线照射体表后, 一部分被反射, 另一部分被皮肤吸收。 皮肤对红外线 的反射程度与色素沉着的状况有关, 用波长 0.9微米的红外线照射时, 无 色素沉着的皮肤反射其能量约 60%; 而有色素沉着的皮肤反射其能量约 40%。 长波红外线 (波长 1.5 微米以上)照射时, 绝大部分被反射和为浅 层皮肤组织吸收, 穿透皮肤的深度仅达 0.05 ~ 2 毫米, 因而只能作用到皮 肤的表层组织; 短波红外线 (波长 1.5 微米以内) 以及红色光的近红外线 部分透入组织最深, 穿透深度可达 10 毫米, 能直接作用到皮肤的血管、 淋巴管、 神经末梢及其他皮下组织。
二、 生活中高温杀菌, 红外线夜视仪, 监控设备, 手机的红外口, 宾 馆的房门卡, 汽车、 电视机的遥控器、 洗手池的红外感应, 饭店门前的感 应门都是利用了红外线。
当其用作红外图像显示器时, 其用途如下:
柔性红外有机电致发光二极管显示器, 它的画面用肉眼看不见, 只能 借助夜视镜观看。 将显示器整合到士兵的制服或装备中, 可使士兵在夜晚 进行通信而不被敌人发现, 并具有透过雾、 雨等进行观察的能力。
另本发明有机电致发光二极管还可用于红外探测器。
综上所述, 本发明的红外有机电致发光二极管, 通过红外发光层的设 置, 使得发光二极管能发出红外光, 有效解决了无机半导体红外器件制备 成本高、 工艺复杂、 不能在多晶、 非晶以及柔性塑料衬底上制备薄膜等问 题, 在很大程度上降低了生产成本, 且用途广泛, 利于普及。
以上所述, 对于本领域的普通技术人员来说, 可以根据本发明的技术 方案和技术构思作出其他各种相应的改变和变形, 而所有这些改变和变形 都应属于本发明权利要求的保护范围。
Claims
1、 一种红外有机电致发光二极管, 包括: 透光基板、 设于透光基板 上的阳极、 设于阳极上的空穴传输层、 设于空穴传输层上的发光层、 设于 发光层上的空穴阻挡层、 设于空穴阻挡层上的电子传输层及设于电子传输 层上的阴极, 所述发光层为红外发光层。
2、 如权利要求 1 所述的红外有机电致发光二极管, 其中, 所述红外 发光层为三价稀土离子配合物层、 窄带隙有机聚合物层、 有机离子染料 层、 卟啉层或酞菁层。
3、 如权利要求 2 所述的红外有机电致发光二极管, 其中, 所述红外 发光层上均布有数个像素点, 每一像素包括一个红外子像素点, 每一像素 点均由 TFT电路驱动。
4、 如权利要求 1 所述的红外有机电致发光二极管, 其中, 所述透光 基板为玻璃基板。
5、 如权利要求 1 所述的红外有机电致发光二极管, 其中, 所述阳极 为形成于透明基板上的氧化铟锡; 所述空穴传输层为 N, N' -双(3-曱基 苯基) -N, N' -二苯基 -1 , V -二苯基 -4 , 4' -二胺层或 N, N' -双( 1- 奈基) -N, N' -二苯基 -1 , V -二苯基 -4 , 4' -二胺层; 所述空穴阻挡层 为 1,3,5-三(1-苯基 -1H-苯并咪唑 -2-基)苯层或 2,9-二曱基 -4,7-联苯 -1,10-邻二 氮杂菲层; 所述电子传输层为掺杂 8 -羟基喹啉铝层; 所述阴极为铝或银。
6、 如权利要求 1 所述的红外有机电致发光二极管, 其中, 所述透光 基板为柔性聚对苯二曱酸乙二醇酯基板或柔性不锈钢箔。
7、 如权利要求 6 所述的红外有机电致发光二极管, 还包括设于阳极 与透光基板之间的第一保护层及设于阴极上的第二保护层。
8、 如权利要求 7 所述的红外有机电致发光二极管, 其中, 所述第一 保护层为聚合物层与无机致密截止层的交替结构层。
9、 如权利要求 8 所述的红外有机电致发光二极管, 其中, 所述聚合 物层为聚对二曱苯层、 聚烯层、 聚酯层或聚酰亚胺层。
10、 如权利要求 7所述的红外有机电致发光二极管, 其中, 所述第二 保护层为二氧化钛层、 二氧化硅层、 三氧化二铝层、 氮化硅层、 氮氧化硅 层碳氧化硅层或类金刚石薄膜层。
11、 一种红外有机电致发光二极管, 包括: 透光基板、 设于透光基板 上的阳极、 设于阳极上的空穴传输层、 设于空穴传输层上的发光层、 设于
发光层上的空穴阻挡层、 设于空穴阻挡层上的电子传输层及设于电子传输 层上的阴极, 所述发光层为红外发光层;
其中, 所述红外发光层为三价稀土离子配合物层、 窄带隙有机聚合物 层、 有机离子染料层、 卟啉层或酞菁层;
其中, 所述红外发光层上均布有数个像素点, 每一像素包括一个红外 子像素点, 每一像素点均由 TFT电路驱动;
其中, 所述阳极为形成于透明基板上的氧化铟锡; 所述空穴传输层为 N, N' -双(3-曱基苯基) -N, N' -二苯基 -1 , V -二苯基 -4, 4' -二胺层 或 N, N' -双( 1-奈基) -N, N' -二苯基 -1 , -二苯基 -4 , 4' -二胺 层; 所述空穴阻挡层为 1,3,5-三 (1-苯基 -1H-苯并咪唑 -2-基)苯层或 2,9-二曱 基—4,7-联苯 -1,10-邻二氮杂菲层; 所述电子传输层为掺杂 8 -羟基喹啉铝 层; 所述阴极为铝或银;
其中, 所述透光基板为柔性聚对苯二曱酸乙二醇酯基板或柔性不锈钢 箔;
还包括设于阳极与透光基板之间的第一保护层及设于阴极上的第二保 护层;
其中, 所述第一保护层为聚合物层与无机致密截止层的交替结构层; 其中, 所述聚合物层为聚对二曱苯层、 聚烯层、 聚酯层或聚酰亚胺 层;
其中, 所述第二保护层为二氧化钛层、 二氧化硅层、 三氧化二铝层、 氮化硅层、 氮氧化硅层碳氧化硅层或类金刚石薄膜层。
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| CN103247666A (zh) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-08-14 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | 一种红外oled显示装置及其制造方法 |
| CN104124386A (zh) * | 2013-04-28 | 2014-10-29 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | 柔性导电电极及其制备方法 |
| CN104183769A (zh) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-12-03 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | 一种有机电致发光器件及其制备方法 |
| CN104183709A (zh) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-12-03 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | 一种有机电致发光器件及其制备方法 |
| CN103325951B (zh) * | 2013-06-21 | 2016-02-03 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | 一种电致发光二极管器件 |
| US10032753B2 (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2018-07-24 | Grote Industries, Llc | Flexible lighting device having both visible and infrared light-emitting diodes |
| CN109961694B (zh) | 2019-02-28 | 2023-02-28 | 重庆京东方显示技术有限公司 | 一种柔性显示装置 |
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