WO2014029915A1

WO2014029915A1 - Pile, method for mounting a pile and a splice

Info

Publication number: WO2014029915A1
Application number: PCT/FI2013/050813
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hannu Vesamäki
Original assignee: Rautaruukki Oyj
Priority date: 2012-08-20
Filing date: 2013-08-20
Publication date: 2014-02-27
Also published as: FI20125860L

Abstract

The invention relates to a pile (1) comprising a first pipe part (4a) and a second pipe part ( 4b) and a splice (11) for joining said first and said second pipe part (4a, 4b) to each other. The splice (11) comprising a sleeve (3) and a guide part (8), said sleeve (3) is arranged on the outer surface of the pipe parts (4a, 4b) extending from the first pipe part (4a) to the second pipe part (4b) and the guide part (8) is arranged inside of the pipe parts (4a, 4b) extending from the first pipe part (4a) to the second pipe part (4b). The invention also relates to a method for mounting a pile (1) and a splice (11)for joining together a first and a second pipe part (4a, 4b).

Description

PILE, METHOD FOR MOUNTING A PILE AND A SPLICE

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to piles and more particularly to a pile according to the characterizing portion of claim 1 .

The present invention relates also to a method for mounting a pile and more particularly to a method according to the characterizing portion of claim 9.

The present invention relates also to a splice for for joining together pipe parts, and more particularly to a splice according to the characterizing portion of claim 12.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The object of this invention is a continuous pile to be mounted into the ground for example by impact pile driving, said pile comprising successive pipe parts and a splice between said pipe parts. In substructure construction, the piles must withstand the stresses caused by the mounting, i.e. penetration into the ground, and meet the requirements of the building regulations, for example, with regard to the compression and tensile strengths and bending stiffness. The piles may be subjected to great vertical and/or horizontal loads during the mounting or after it. Bending is caused to the piles by eccentric load and/or curvature of the piles. The required total extent of the piles is often so great that the piles must be made of two or more pile parts joined to each other successively. In extended piles like this, particularly high requirements are imposed on the strength and stiffness of the joints. In accordance with the prior art, piles may, if required, be extended by welding but it is slow to carry out the welding in construction site conditions. On the other hand, there should be a qualified welder on the construction site all the time although welded joints need to be made only occasionally. This leads to an uneconomical situation. Presently, there are also threaded sleeves with which piles can be extended but it is expensive to thread the pipe parts of piles and a joint piece. Presently, there are also splice joints in which the tension force is transferred by friction between the surfaces of splice and pipe parts. It is difficult to manufacture a reliable friction joint between a splice and pipe parts due to the manufacturing tolerances of the splice and the pipe parts. The manufacturing tolerances may cause too loose connection between the splice and the pipe parts so that the joint is not enough tight for the friction or due to the tolerances the splice and the pipe part don't fit together.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The problems described above are solved and objects are achieved by a pile, a method for mounting a pile and a splice. The objects of the present invention are achieved with a pile according to claim 1 , the method for mounting a pile according to claim 9 and the splice according to claim 12.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.

The present invention is based on the idea of providing for a splice joint to pipe parts for forming a pile. The splice joint includes a sleeve and a guide part. The guide part is inside of the pipe parts and the sleeve is outside side of the pipe parts. In one embodiment of the invention the sleeve comprises a bracket somewhere between the ends of the sleeve. The bracket keeps the sleeve in a predetermined position in the vertical direction related to the pipe parts. During installation impacts to the pipe parts cause local deformation to the end of the pipe parts, while the upper pipe part is penetrated between the guide part and sleeve.

The present invention relates to a pile comprising a first pipe part and a second pipe part and a splice for joining said first and said second pipe part to each other. The splice comprises a sleeve and a guide part. The sleeve is arranged on the outer surface of the pipe parts extending from the first pipe part to the second pipe part and the guide part is arranged inside of the pipe parts extending from the first pipe part to the second pipe part. A first bracket is arranged in the sleeve and/or in the pipe part for keeping the sleeve in a predetermined position relating to the pipe parts. A local deformation is formed in the end of the at least one of said pipe parts in the area of the splice. The local deformation is formed when an impact force is directed to the second pipe part so that the end of said second pipe part enters between the sleeve and the guide part in the splice. The local deformation is preferably 10 - 100% of the thickness of the wall of the pipe part. The local deformation in the end of the at least one of said pipe parts is for example a fluting in the pipe part and/or when the pipe part comprises grooves the local deformation may also be deformation in the grooves.

The present invention relates also to a method for mounting a pile. The pile comprising a first and a second pipe part and a splice for joining said first and said second pipe part together for forming a pile. The splice comprises a sleeve and a guide part. The sleeve has a first part and a second part and the guide part has a first part and a second part. The first and the second pipe part comprise an outer surface and an inner surface. The method comprises the steps of mounting the first pipe part into the ground, arranging the first part of the sleeve over the outer surface of the first pipe part, arranging the guide part inside the first pipe part such that the first part of the guide part is inside the first pipe part, arranging the second pipe part between the second part of the sleeve and the second part of the guide part such that the second part of the guide part is inside the second pipe part and the second part of the sleeve is over the outer surface of the second pipe part and directing an impact force to the second pipe part such that said second pipe part moves toward the first pipe part and a local deformation forms to an end part of the at least one said pipe parts.

The present invention relates also to a splice for joining together a first and a second pipe part such that the splice and the first and the second pipe part form together a pile, said splice comprising a sleeve and a guide part, said sleeve comprising a first part and a second part and a first bracket between said first and second part, said guide part comprising a first part and a second part and a second bracket between said first and second part, the first part of the sleeve is arranged to receive part of the first pipe part and the second part of the sleeve is arranged to receive part of the second pipe part such that the first bracket is between said first and second pipe part, the first part of the guide part is arranged to receive part of the first pipe part around it and the second part of the guide part is arranged to receive part of the second pipe part around it such that the second bracket is between said first and second pipe part.

Preferably the inner side of the sleeve and/or the outer side of the guide part comprise one or more grooves. Grooves are preferably arranged in the vicinity of the bracket or between the bracket and the first or the second end of the sleeve or guide part. In a preferred embodiment the inner side or the outer side end of the pipe parts comprise one or more grooves. Shape of the groove in the cross-section of the groove is essentially triangle and the angle of the groove is 5-15 degrees. The impacts during installation of the piles cause a local permanent deformation to the peak of the grooves. These kinds of deformation enables a reliable joint between pipe parts, and improve the stiffness, particularly tension and bending moment strength even when there is some variation in the dimensions of the pipe parts and the sleeve due to manufacturing tolerances. In other words, the pile and the splice according to the invention withstand the loads directed at the piles and the splice during the use and the mounting and meet the requirements imposed on a pile joint.

The present invention furthermore relates to a method for mounting a pile which is formed of two or more metal pipe parts joined to each other successively. The pile comprising a splice for joining two successive pipe parts, the splice comprises a sleeve and a guide part. In the method pipe part is mounted into the ground, the sleeve is installed outside of the pipe part and the guide part is installed inside of the pipe part. The second end of the pipe part is installed inside to the sleeve and outside to the guide part. The local deformation of the end of pipe parts is caused by the penetration of the end of the pipe part into an area between the guide part and the sleeve.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES The invention will now be described in greater detail in connection with preferred embodiments, referring to the attached drawings, of which: Figure 1 shows a pile joint according to the present invention; and

Figure 2 shows another embodiment of a pile joint according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION AND THE FIGURES

Figure 1 shows a pile 1 according to the present invention, in which successive pipe parts, i.e. a first pipe part 4a and a second pipe part 4b are jointed to each other by means of a splice 1 1 joint. Preferably the pipe parts 4a, 4b and the splice 1 1 are installed by impact pile driving. The outer diameter of the first and the second pipe parts 4a, 4b is usually 100 - 400 mm, preferably 100 - 320 mm and more preferably 100-170 mm. Preferably the thickness of material in the wall of the pipe parts 4a, 4b is 8-12,5 mm. The cross section of the pipe parts 4a, 4b may be any kind of cross section and preferably the first and the second pipe part 4a, 4b are tubular. The splice 1 1 comprises a sleeve 3 which has essentially the same shape as the pipe parts 4a, 4b. Preferably the length of the sleeve 3 is from one to three times of the outer diameter of the pipe part 4a, 4b or the length of the sleeve is from one to three times the maximum dimension of the cross section of the pipe part 4a, 4b. More preferably the length of the sleeve 3 is 300-350 mm. The sleeve 3 is arranged outside of the pipe parts 4a, 4b. The splice 1 1 also comprises a guide part 8 and the guide part 8 is arranged inside of the pipe parts 4a, 4b. The sleeve 3 and/or the guide part 8 and/or the pipe part 4a, 4b comprise a bracket 5. 5'. The figure 1 shows a first bracket 5 in the sleeve 3 and a second bracket 5' in the guide part 8. The bracket 5, 5' keeps the sleeve 3 in a predetermined position in a vertical direction related to the pipe part 4a, 4b. The guide part 8 comprises a second bracket 5' and the second bracket 5' is arranged between the first and the second pipe part 4a, 4b. The bracket 5, 5' is jointed to the sleeve 3 and/or to the guide part 8 and/or to pipe part 4a, 4b by welding for example a steel portion or by milling some material away or by any other known manufacturing method. In other words the bracket 5, 5' is a local change in the cross section of the sleeve 3, the guide part 8 and/or the pipe part 4a, 4b and said change may be either an addition to said cross section or a reduction of said cross section. Preferably the bracket 5, 5' is an addition to the cross section of the sleeve 3. Essential is that the bracket 5. 5' stops the vertical movement of the sleeve 3 or of the guide part 8 related to the pipe parts 4a, 4b to a predetermined position. The function of the bracket 5, 5' is to ensure that the sleeve 3 will be in the right position related to the pipe parts 4a, 4b in vertical direction after the pile 1 is installed to the ground and/or that similarly the guide part 8 is in the right position. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1 the bracket 5, 5' is an addition to the cross section of the sleeve 3 and of the guide part 8 and said addition is a steel ring which ring is inside the sleeve 3 and outside of the guide part 8. In the embodiment shown in figure 1 the bracket 5 is essentially in the middle of the sleeve 3. The guide part 8 is inside of the pipe parts 4a, 4b and the bracket 5' in the guide part 8 is essentially in the middle of the guide part 8 such that the bracket 5' imaginary divides the guide part 8 into a first part 8a and into a second part 8b. In preferred embodiment of the invention the second bracket 5' is arranged in the outer surface of the guide part 8 and the bracket is located in the pile 1 between the ends of the first and the second pipe part 4a, 4b. The sleeve 3 and guide part 8 comprise a beveling to direct the permanent local deformation of the ends of pipe parts 13a, 13b to between the guide part 8 and sleeve 3. Said deformation is caused by a penetration of the end of pipe parts 13a, 13b fits and it locks the pipe parts 4a, 4b, the sleeve 3 and the guide part 8 together. The local deformation is especially caused by an impact force directed to the second pipe part 4b and by the move of the second pipe part 4b toward the first pipe part 4a in an area between the sleeve 3 and the guide part 8. The guide part 8 preferably comprises an inclined surface facing toward an inner surface of the pipe part 4a, 4b. The bracket 5, 5' transfers the most of vertical compression force from the second pipe part 4b to the first pipe part 4a. In most cases it is necessary that a joint between the pipe parts 4a, 4b of the pile 1 is capable to transfer vertical tension force and bending moment from the second pipe part 4b to the first pipe part 4a. In a preferred embodiment the splice 1 1 or the pipe parts 4a, 4b comprises one or more grooves 2. When providing the sleeve 3 and/or the guide part 8 and/or the pipe parts 4a, 4b with one or more grooves 2, a reasonable amount of force causes a local permanent deformation to one or more peaks of grooves 2. The local permanent deformation locks pipe parts 4a, 4b and the sleeve 3 and the guide part 8 together. Said deformation creates tension force and/or bending moment capacity in the joint due to friction on one or more deformed peak of groove 2 and/or due to the penetration of sleeve 3 or pipe part 4a, 4b to the groove 2. Said deformation also ensures that the ends of the pipe parts 13a, 13b meet the bracket 5. Preferably said deformation is created by impacts during pile driving. The groove 2 may be any kind of shape. Preferably the shape of the cross section of the groove 2 is essentially triangle. Preferably the deeper side of the groove 2 is farther from the bracket 5 than the other side of the groove 2. The depth of groove 5 is preferably 0,5 % - 1 ,5 % of the outer diameter of the pipe part 4a, 4b. The groove 2 is preferably 0,5 - 3 mm deep and more preferably the groove 2 is 1 - 1 ,5 mm deep. The angle of groove 2 is preferably 5-15 degrees. Preferably one or more groove 2 is deformed 10- 70 % of its length and more preferably one or more groove 2 is deformed 10-50 % of its length. It is obvious that the splice 1 1 may be so long that it comprises also one of the pipe parts 4a or 4b. So preferably the sleeve 3 and/or the guide part 8 comprise one or more grooves 2 in the vicinity of the bracket 5. The sleeve 3 may comprise one or more grooves 2 between the bracket 5 and the first end of sleeve 7a and/or one more grooves between the bracket 5 and the second end of sleeve 7b. The guide part 8 may comprise one or more grooves 2 between the bracket 5' and the first end of the guide part 9a and/or one more grooves between the bracket 5' and the second end of the guide part 9b. Preferably the material of pipe parts 4a, 4b and the splice 1 1 is steel or iron. Figure 2 shows schematically one embodiment of the pile 1 according to this invention. In this embodiment the splice 1 1 joint further comprises a guide part 8. The guide part 8 has preferably the same shape as the sleeve 3. The guide part 8 comprises a support surface 10 which is beveled or perpendicular to the central axis of guide part 8 or said support surface 10 is a combination of beveled and perpendicular surfaces. The end of the first pipe part 4a and/or the bracket 5 supports the support surface 10 of the guide part 8 in vertical direction or in vertical and horizontal direction. In this embodiment the axial compression force is preferably transferred from second pipe part 4b to the first pipe part 4a through bracket 5 and/or through the guide part 8 and/or directly from the second end of pipe part 13b to the first end of pipe part 13a. Impacts to the end of pipe part 13c cause a local deformation to the end of pipe part 13a and/or 13b. The guide part 8 guides the local deformation of the end of pipe parts 13a, 13b to penetrate into the groove 2 and so the pipe part 4a and/or 4b will be locked to the sleeve 3 and the tension force and bending moment capacity of the joint increases. The capacity of this kind of joint is very predictable. Preferably the deeper side of groove 2 is farther from the bracket 5 than the other side of the groove 2. Preferably the sleeve 3 and/or the guide part 8 is beveled so that in the horizontal direction the gap between the sleeve 3 and guide part 8 increases from middle of the sleeve 3 towards the first and second end of the sleeve 7a, 7b. Above mentioned bevels make the installation of pipe parts 4a, 4b, the sleeve 3 and the guide part 8 easier even there is variation in dimensions of the pipe parts 4a, 4b and/or the sleeve 3 due to the manufacturing tolerances. The guide part 8 may be inside the pipe part 4a, 4b and the sleeve 3 may be outside the pipe part 4a, 4b or vice versa. However in this embodiment the guide part 8 and the sleeve 3 are on opposite sides of the wall of pipe part 4a, 4b. Also in this embodiment the sleeve 3 may comprise more grooves 2 according to the embodiment in figure 1 . The dimensions of the pipe part 4a, 4b, the sleeve 3 and the groove 2 which are defined earlier are applicable also to this preferred embodiment. It is obvious that the splice 1 1 may be so long that it comprises also one of the pipe parts 4a or 4b. Preferably the material of pipe parts 4a, 4b, the splice 1 1 and the guide part 8 is steel or iron. The installation of the pile 1 begins with the installation of the first pipe part 4a to a predetermined position in ground. Preferably the first pipe part 4a is installed to ground by impact pile driving so that the force of impacts to the first end of pipe part 13a causes penetration of the first pipe part 4a into the ground. When the first pipe part 4a is almost installed inside the ground, a sleeve 3 is installed outside the first pipe part 4a and the guide part 8 is installed inside the first pipe part 4a. It depends on the shape of the bracket 5 of the sleeve 3 and the guide part 8 which one is installed first to the first pipe part 4a. Then the end of second pipe part 13b is installed inside to the gap between the sleeve 3 and the guide part 8. When the second end of the second pipe part 4b is in touch with the bracket 5 of the sleeve 3 or the guide part 8 impacts are caused to the first end 13c of second pipe part 4b a local permanent deformation is caused on the ends of pipe parts 13a, 13b when the ends of pipe parts 13a, 13b tighten between the sleeve 3 and the guide part 8. Said deformation is caused by a penetration of the end of pipe parts 13a, 13b such that it fits and locks the pipe parts 4a, 4b, the sleeve 3 and the guide part 8 together.

The sleeve 3 and guide part 8 comprises a beveling to direct the permanent local deformation on one or more peaks of groove 2 and/or penetration of ends of the pipe parts 4a, 4b and/or the sleeve 3 and/or the guide part 8 to the groove 2 at the same time also the first pipe part 4a further penetrates into the ground together with the second pipe part 4b. In a preferable embodiment the end of the second pipe part 4b and/or 4a penetrates to the groove 2 and locks the joint in vertical direction which increases the tension force and/or bending moment capacity of the joint.

It will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that as the technology advances, the basic idea of the invention can be implemented in a plurality of ways. The invention and its embodiments are thus not restricted to the above-described examples but may vary within the claims.

Claims

1 . A pile (1 ) comprising a first pipe part (4a) and a second pipe part ( 4b) and a splice (1 1 ) for joining said first and said second pipe part (4a, 4b) to each other, characterized in that said splice (1 1 ) comprising a sleeve (3) and a guide part (8), said sleeve (3) is arranged on the outer surface of the pipe parts (4a, 4b) extending from the first pipe part (4a) to the second pipe part (4b) and the guide part (8) is arranged inside of the pipe parts (4a, 4b) extending from the first pipe part (4a) to the second pipe part (4b), a first bracket (5) is arranged in the sleeve (3) and/or in the first and/or the second pipe part (4a, 4b) for keeping the sleeve (3) in a predetermined position relating to the pipe parts (4a, 4b), a local deformation is formed in the end (13a, 13b) of the at least one of said pipe parts (4a, 4b) in the area of the splice (1 1 ).

2. A pile (1 ) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the local deformation is formed in the end of the at least one of said pipe parts (4a, 4b) in the area that is between the sleeve (3) and the guide part (8).

3. A pile (1 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guide part (8) comprises a second bracket (5') and the second bracket (5') is arranged between the first and the second pipe part (4a, 4b).

4. A pile (1 ) according to any preceding claims, characterized in that the sleeve (3) comprises one or more grooves (2) in the inner side of the sleeve (3).

5. A pile (1 ) according to any preceding claims, characterized in that the guide part (8) comprises one or more grooves (2) in the outer surface of the guide part (8).

6. A pile (1 ) according to any preceding claims, characterized in that the first and/or the second pipe part (4a, 4b) comprise one or more grooves (2) in the outer surface or in the inner surface of said pipe parts (4a, 4b).

7. A pile (1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross-section of the groove (2) is essentially triangle.

8. A pile (1 ) according to any preceding claims, characterized in that the guide part (8) comprises an inclined surface facing toward an inner surface of the pipe part (4a, 4b).

9. A method for mounting a pile (1 ), said pile (1 ) comprising a first and a second pipe part (4a, 4b) and a splice (1 1 ) for joining said first and said second pipe part (4a, 4b) together for forming a pile (1 ), said splice (1 1 ) comprising a sleeve (3) and a guide part (8), the sleeve (3) having a first part (3a) and a second part (3b), and the guide part (8) having a first part (8a) and a second part (8b), and said first and said second pipe part (4a, 4b) comprising an outer surface and an inner surface,

characterized in that the method comprising the steps of:

- mounting the first pipe part (4a) into the ground,

- arranging the first part (3a) of the sleeve (3) over the outer surface of the first pipe part (4a),

- arranging the guide part (8) inside the first pipe part (4a) such that the first part (8a) of the guide part (8) is inside the first pipe part (4a),

- arranging the second pipe part (4b) between the second part (3b) of the sleeve (3) and the second part (8b) of the guide part (8) such that the second part (8b) of the guide part (8) is inside the second pipe part (4b) and the second part (3b) of the sleeve (3) is over the outer surface of the second pipe part (4b), and

- directing an impact force to the second pipe part (4b) such that said second pipe part (4b) moves toward the first pipe part (4a) and a local deformation forms to an end part (13a, 13b) of the at least one said pipe parts (4a, 4b).

10. A method according to claim 9, characterized in that a first bracket (5) is arranged between the first and the second part (3a, 3b) of the sleeve (3) and the method step arranging the first part of the sleeve (3) over the outer surface of the first pipe part (4a) comprises a step of arranging the first bracket (5) such that said first bracket (5) is supported on the first pipe part (4a).

1 1 . A method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that a second bracket (5') is arranged between the first part (8a) and the second part (8b) of the guide part (8) and the method step arranging the guide part (8) inside the first pipe part (4a) such that the first part (8a) of the guide part (8) is inside the first pipe part (4a) comprises a step of arranging the second bracket (5') such that said second bracket (5') is supported on the first pipe part (4a).

12. A splice (1 1 ) for joining together a first and a second pipe part (4a, 4b) such that the splice and the first and the second pipe part (4a, 4b) form together a pile (1 ), said splice (1 1 ) comprising a sleeve (3) and a guide part (8), said sleeve (3) comprising a first part (3a) and a second part (3b) and a first bracket (5) between said first and second part (3a, 3b), said guide part (8) comprising a first part (8a) and a second part (8b) and a second bracket (5') between said first and second part (8a, 8b), the first part (3a) of the sleeve (3) is arranged to receive part of the first pipe part (4a) and the second part (3b) of the sleeve (3) is arranged to receive part of the second pipe part (4b) such that the first bracket (5) is between said first and second pipe part (4a, 4b), the first part (8a) of the guide part (8) is arranged to receive part of the first pipe part (4a) around it and the second part (8b) of the guide part (8) is arranged to receive part of the second pipe part (4b) around it such that the second bracket (5') is between said first and second pipe part (4a, 4b).