WO2014024860A1 - 通信システム、サーバ装置、サーバ装置の制御方法及びプログラム - Google Patents
通信システム、サーバ装置、サーバ装置の制御方法及びプログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014024860A1 WO2014024860A1 PCT/JP2013/071206 JP2013071206W WO2014024860A1 WO 2014024860 A1 WO2014024860 A1 WO 2014024860A1 JP 2013071206 W JP2013071206 W JP 2013071206W WO 2014024860 A1 WO2014024860 A1 WO 2014024860A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/06—Generation of reports
- H04L43/062—Generation of reports related to network traffic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0014—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the source coding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/22—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks comprising specially adapted graphical user interfaces [GUI]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/04—Processing captured monitoring data, e.g. for logfile generation
- H04L43/045—Processing captured monitoring data, e.g. for logfile generation for graphical visualisation of monitoring data
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/50—Testing arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/38—Flow control; Congestion control by adapting coding or compression rate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
- H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
- H04L65/613—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for the control of the source by the destination
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
- H04L65/75—Media network packet handling
- H04L65/762—Media network packet handling at the source
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/04—Protocols specially adapted for terminals or networks with limited capabilities; specially adapted for terminal portability
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/08—Protocols specially adapted for terminal emulation, e.g. Telnet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/04—Protocols for data compression, e.g. ROHC
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
- H04N21/23805—Controlling the feeding rate to the network, e.g. by controlling the video pump
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/24—Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of server load, available bandwidth, upstream requests
- H04N21/2402—Monitoring of the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. bandwidth available
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/60—Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources
- H04L67/61—Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources taking into account QoS or priority requirements
Definitions
- the present invention is based on a Japanese patent application: Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-173727 (filed on Aug. 6, 2012), and the entire contents of this application are incorporated herein by reference.
- the present invention relates to a communication system, a server device, a server device control method, and a program.
- the present invention relates to a communication system, a server device, a server device control method, and a program for accessing a server via a mobile network and remotely operating a virtual client on the server.
- a virtual client on a server is operated as if operating a real terminal from a terminal that does not have a storage medium such as a hard disk, and screen information is generated on the virtual terminal.
- the generated screen information is transmitted to the terminal.
- the terminal receives the screen information and displays it.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a communication system that determines parameters for transmitting stream data in consideration of channel quality and the like based on delay time of data transmission and the like.
- thin client systems have begun to spread in order to ensure strong security.
- thin client systems using a fixed network but also thin client systems using a mobile network are spreading.
- the bandwidth of the mobile network depends on the distance between the terminal and the base station, traffic volume, etc. It varies with time. Due to the temporal fluctuation of the bandwidth of the mobile network, packet retention and packet loss occur in the mobile network. As a result, the time for receiving information on the terminal side becomes longer, the update of the screen displayed on the terminal is delayed, the index indicating the quality of the user's experience such as the screen is stopped or the screen is disturbed QoE (Quality of Experience) worsens.
- LTE / EPC Long Term Evolution / Evolved Packet Core
- a communication system that provides a thin client system via a mobile network and that contributes to improving the quality of the user's sensation, a server device, a server device control method, and a program are desired. .
- the communication system disclosed in Patent Document 1 sends statistical data calculated by the receiving apparatus to the transmitting apparatus and determines parameters such as an encoding rate based on the statistical data when measuring the channel quality. Therefore, processing for calculating statistical data (for example, calculation of one-way delay time, packet loss rate, etc.) is required on the receiving device side.
- processing for calculating statistical data for example, calculation of one-way delay time, packet loss rate, etc.
- statistical data sent from the receiving device to the transmitting device presses the bandwidth of the uplink.
- a terminal device including a display unit, a server device that receives an operation in the terminal device via a network and transmits screen information to be displayed on the display unit via the network,
- the server device executes a process according to an operation in the terminal device, generates the screen information, an image encoder unit that compresses the screen information by a predetermined method, and the network
- a band estimation value calculation unit that calculates a band estimation value that is an estimation value of the band, and the band estimation value calculation unit, when the image encoder unit compresses the screen information based on the band estimation value
- a communication system for calculating the bit rate is provided.
- a virtual client unit that executes processing according to an operation in a terminal device connected via a network and generates screen information to be displayed on the terminal device, and the screen information
- An image encoder unit that compresses by a predetermined method, and a band estimation value calculation unit that calculates a band estimation value that is an estimation value of the band of the network, the band estimation value calculation unit based on the band estimation value
- a server device for calculating a bit rate when the image encoder unit compresses the screen information is provided.
- a virtual client process that executes processing according to an operation in a terminal device connected via a network and generates screen information to be displayed on the terminal device;
- An image encoding step for compressing by a predetermined method, a bandwidth estimation value calculating step for calculating a bandwidth estimation value that is an estimated value of the network bandwidth, and a bit rate for compressing the screen information based on the bandwidth estimation value
- a method for controlling the server device including the step of calculating. This method is linked to a specific machine called a server device connected to a terminal device via a network.
- a virtual client process for executing processing according to an operation in a terminal device connected via a network and generating screen information to be displayed on the terminal device, and the screen information
- An image encoding process that compresses by a predetermined method, a band estimation value calculation process that calculates a band estimation value that is an estimated value of the network band, and a bit rate at which the screen information is compressed based on the band estimation value
- This program can be recorded on a computer-readable storage medium.
- the storage medium may be non-transient such as a semiconductor memory, a hard disk, a magnetic recording medium, an optical recording medium, or the like.
- the present invention can also be embodied as a computer program product.
- a communication system that provides a thin client system via a mobile network, the communication system that contributes to improving the quality of the user's experience, a server device, and control of the server device.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of an internal configuration of a server device 10.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of an internal configuration of a band estimated value calculation unit 230.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of an internal structure of the image encoder part.
- 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the server device 10.
- a communication system that provides a thin client system via a mobile network and that improves the quality of the user's experience is desired.
- the communication system 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a terminal device 101 including a display unit, and a server device 102 that receives an operation in the terminal device 101 via a network and transmits screen information to be displayed on the display unit of the terminal device 101 via the network.
- the server apparatus 102 executes processing according to the operation in the terminal apparatus 101, generates a virtual client unit 103 that generates screen information, an image encoder unit 104 that compresses the screen information by a predetermined method, and an estimated value of a network bandwidth And a band estimation value calculation unit 105 that calculates a band estimation value.
- the band estimation value calculation unit 105 calculates a bit rate when the image encoder unit 104 compresses the screen information based on the band estimation value.
- a thin client system is constructed by the terminal device 101 and the server device 102. Further, the bit rate for compressing the screen information transmitted from the server apparatus 102 is changed based on the network bandwidth. For this reason, even when the network bandwidth fluctuates with time, the bit rate can be controlled to follow the fluctuation. As a result, packet retention and packet loss on the network are eliminated, and deterioration of QoE such as a slow screen update or a disturbed screen in the terminal device 101 can be suppressed. That is, a communication system 100 that improves the quality of the user's experience is provided.
- the communication system according to the first aspect is as described above.
- the band estimated value calculation unit It is preferable to calculate the band estimation value based on information returned from the terminal device with respect to the transmission of the screen information.
- the band estimated value calculation unit When the screen information has not been transmitted to the terminal device for a predetermined time or longer, the bandwidth estimation value is calculated based on a response from the terminal device to information transmitted to the terminal device. It is preferable.
- the server device Based on an instruction from the bandwidth estimation value calculation unit, a specific packet is continuously transmitted to the terminal device, and a packet returned by the terminal device to the specific packet transmitted continuously is transmitted.
- the band estimated value calculation unit It is preferable to calculate the band estimation value based on the size of the packet transmitted toward the terminal device and the time when the terminal device received the packet transmitted toward the terminal device.
- the band estimated value calculation unit It is preferable to set the bit rate below the band estimation value.
- the virtual client unit generates the screen information accompanied by voice information,
- the server device A screen capture unit for separating the audio information from the screen information;
- An audio encoder for compressing the audio information; It is preferable to provide.
- the server device according to the second aspect is as described above.
- the band estimated value calculation unit It is preferable to calculate the band estimation value based on information returned from the terminal device with respect to the transmission of the screen information.
- the band estimated value calculation unit When the screen information has not been transmitted to the terminal device for a predetermined time or longer, the bandwidth estimation value is calculated based on a response from the terminal device to information transmitted to the terminal device. It is preferable.
- a specific packet is continuously transmitted to the terminal device, and a packet returned by the terminal device to the specific packet transmitted continuously is transmitted. It is preferable that a packet transmission / reception unit for outputting to the band estimation value calculation unit is provided.
- the band estimated value calculation unit It is preferable to calculate the band estimation value based on the size of the packet transmitted toward the terminal device and the time when the terminal device received the packet transmitted toward the terminal device.
- the band estimated value calculation unit It is preferable to set the bit rate below the band estimation value.
- the virtual client unit generates the screen information accompanied by voice information, A screen capture unit for separating the audio information from the screen information; An audio encoder for compressing the audio information; It is preferable to provide.
- the band estimated value calculating step includes: It is preferable to calculate the band estimation value based on information returned from the terminal device with respect to the transmission of the screen information.
- the band estimated value calculating step includes: When the screen information has not been transmitted to the terminal device for a predetermined time or longer, the bandwidth estimation value is calculated based on a response from the terminal device to information transmitted to the terminal device. It is preferable.
- the band estimated value calculating step includes: It is preferable to calculate the band estimation value based on the size of the packet transmitted toward the terminal device and the time when the terminal device received the packet transmitted toward the terminal device.
- the step of calculating the bit rate includes: It is preferable to set the bit rate below the band estimation value.
- the virtual client process generates the screen information accompanied by voice information, Separating the audio information from the screen information; An audio encoding step of compressing the audio information; It is preferable to contain.
- the program is related to the fourth viewpoint.
- the band estimation value calculation process includes: It is preferable to calculate the band estimation value based on information returned from the terminal device with respect to the transmission of the screen information.
- the band estimation value calculation process includes: When the screen information has not been transmitted to the terminal device for a predetermined time or longer, the bandwidth estimation value is calculated based on a response from the terminal device to information transmitted to the terminal device. It is preferable. [Form 25] Based on an instruction from the bandwidth estimation value calculating step, a process of continuously transmitting a specific packet to the terminal device; A process of receiving a packet returned by the terminal device in response to the specific packet transmitted continuously; Is preferably performed. [Form 26] The band estimation value calculation process includes: It is preferable to calculate the band estimation value based on the size of the packet transmitted toward the terminal device and the time when the terminal device received the packet transmitted toward the terminal device.
- the process of calculating the bit rate is as follows: It is preferable to set the bit rate below the band estimation value.
- the virtual client process generates the screen information accompanied by voice information, A process of separating the audio information from the screen information; An audio encoding process for compressing the audio information; Is preferably performed.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a communication system according to the present embodiment.
- the server device 10 is arranged on the cloud network 300.
- the mobile network 400 connected to the cloud network 300 includes a packet transfer device 20, a radio network controller (RNC) 30, and a base station 40.
- RNC radio network controller
- the configuration shown in FIG. 2 shows a configuration in the case where an SGSN / GGSN device is used as the packet transfer device 20.
- the SGSN / GGSN device is a device in which an SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node) device and a GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node) device are integrated.
- SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node
- GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node
- the end user connects the portable terminal 50 to the virtual client of the server device 10 arranged in the cloud network 300. Then, the end user operates the virtual client on the server device 10 as if operating the real terminal. In realizing such a thin client system, the mobile terminal 50 sends an operation signal to the server device 10. The operation signal reaches the server device 10 via the base station 40 on the mobile network 400, the radio network control device 30, and the packet transfer device 20.
- the operation signal is a signal sent to the server device 10 in response to an operation such as a key operation on the mobile terminal 50, a touch operation on the screen, a character input, or a scroll.
- the operation signal transmitted from the portable terminal 50 reaches the server device 10 on the cloud network 300 via various devices on the mobile network 400, and the server device 10 receives the operation signal.
- TCP / IP Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
- HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
- SIP Session Initiation Protocol
- SIP Session Initiation Protocol
- the packet transfer device 20 tunnels the packet transmitted by the server device 10 using the GTP-U (GPRS Tunneling Protocol for User Plane) protocol and transfers the packet to the radio network control device 30.
- GTP-U GPRS Tunneling Protocol for User Plane
- the wireless network control device 30 transmits the packet transferred from the packet transfer device 20 via the base station 40 to the portable terminal 50 wirelessly.
- the mobile terminal 50 receives a packet transmitted from the server device 10 via the mobile network 400.
- the portable terminal 50 extracts the data stored in the packet and performs screen display based on the extracted data.
- the data stored in the packet is a compressed encoded bit stream obtained by compressing the image signal to be displayed on the portable terminal 50.
- the mobile terminal 50 includes a decoder corresponding to an image encoder (an image encoder unit 240 described later) mounted on the server device 10.
- the decoder decodes the compression-encoded bit stream extracted from the received packet, and displays the decoded screen on the display unit (for example, a liquid crystal panel) of the mobile terminal 50.
- voice is linked
- voice is reproduced
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of the internal configuration of the server device 10.
- the operation signal packet receiving unit 200 receives a TCP / IP packet that is an operation signal from the portable terminal 50 via various devices included in the mobile network 400.
- the operation signal packet receiving unit 200 extracts an operation signal from the received TCP / IP packet and outputs the operation signal to the virtual client unit 210.
- the virtual client unit 210 implements various services provided by the server device 10. More specifically, the virtual client unit 210 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a hard disk, a cache memory, an audio / still image / video decoder, and the like, and executes application software that uses these hardware. In this way, various services are provided. Note that it is preferable that the application software can be easily updated from the outside of the server device 10.
- a CPU Central Processing Unit
- a hard disk a hard disk
- a cache memory an audio / still image / video decoder, and the like
- the virtual client unit 210 analyzes the operation signal received from the operation signal packet receiving unit 200.
- the virtual client unit 210 activates appropriate application software according to the analysis result, and generates screen information necessary for the activated application software to display the screen on the portable terminal 50 with a predetermined screen resolution.
- the generated screen information is output to the screen capture unit 220.
- the screen capture unit 220 captures the RGB signal output from the virtual client unit 210 at a predetermined screen resolution and frame rate. Further, the screen capture unit 220 converts the RGB signal into a luminance signal (Y) and a color difference signal (Cb, Cr), and outputs the converted signal to the image encoder unit 240. Note that any method may be used for converting the RGB signal into the luminance signal (Y) and the color difference signals (Cb, Cr) in the screen capture unit 220. Further, in addition to the conversion to the luminance signal and the color difference signal, another conversion format such as conversion to a YUV signal can be used. When the virtual client unit 210 generates image information accompanied by sound (audio signal), the screen capture unit 220 also reads out the accompanying audio signal and sends the read audio signal to the audio encoder unit 250. Output.
- the audio encoder unit 250 receives an audio signal, and compresses and encodes the received audio signal using a predetermined method, thereby generating a compression-encoded bitstream.
- the generated compressed and encoded bit stream is output to the second packet transmitting / receiving unit 270.
- a compression encoding method of the audio signal a conversion method such as MPEG-4 AAC (MPEG-4 Advanced Audio Coding) or Enhanced AAC can be used.
- the server apparatus 10 will be described below assuming that it uses MPEG-4 AAC, but it goes without saying that the compression encoding method of the audio signal is not limited to MPEG-4 AAC.
- the first packet transmission / reception unit 260 receives a compression-encoded bit stream from the image encoder unit 240. Further, the first packet transmission / reception unit 260 stores the compression-encoded bit stream in the payload of the packet, constructs a packet using a predetermined protocol, and sends the packet to the packet transfer apparatus 20.
- RTP / UDP / IP Real-time Transport Protocol / User Datagram Protocol / Internet Protocol
- UDP / IP User Datagram Protocol / Internet Protocol
- TCP / IP or the like can be used as a predetermined protocol.
- the first packet transmitting / receiving unit 260 will be described below assuming that UDP / IP is used. However, the protocol used is not limited to UDP / IP.
- the band estimation value calculation unit 230 includes a determination unit 231, a switch 232, and a band estimation unit 233.
- the determination unit 231 When the received determination result indicates that the screen information has been encoded within a predetermined time, the determination unit 231 sends the output signal from the first packet transmission / reception unit 260 to the band estimation unit. Instruct to output to 233. On the other hand, if the received determination result indicates that the screen information has not been encoded within a predetermined time, the determination unit 231 continuously transmits packets for bandwidth estimation in the mobile network 400. To the third packet transmitting / receiving unit 280. At that time, the determination unit 231 instructs the switch 232 to output the output signal from the third packet transmission / reception unit 280 to the band estimation unit 233.
- the bandwidth estimation unit 233 selects and executes one of the following processing A or processing B in order to estimate the bandwidth of the mobile network 400. If the determination result output from the determination unit 231 indicates that the encoding has been performed within a predetermined time, the bandwidth estimation unit 233 performs processing A described later. On the other hand, when the discrimination result output from the discriminating unit 231 indicates that the encoding has not been performed for a predetermined time interval or more, the bandwidth estimation unit 233 executes processing B described later.
- the bandwidth estimation unit 233 receives the signal output from the first packet transmission / reception unit 260 and calculates the bandwidth estimation value W based on the following equation (1).
- D (i) represents the data size of the i-th packet (i is an integer of 2 or more, the same applies hereinafter) sent from the first packet transmitting / receiving unit 260 to the portable terminal 50.
- R (i) is the time when the mobile terminal 50 receives the i-th packet described above.
- R (i) is information obtained from the packet returned from the portable terminal 50 to the first packet transmitting / receiving unit 260.
- C (n) is calculated.
- the band estimation unit 233 outputs the bit rate C (n) to the image encoder unit 240 at predetermined time intervals.
- C (n) (1- ⁇ ) C (n ⁇ 1) + ⁇ B (n) (3)
- C (n) represents the bit rate at the nth time.
- ⁇ is a constant in the range of 0 ⁇ ⁇ 1.
- the mobile terminal 50 that has received the probe packet sends a reply packet to each probe packet.
- the reply packet transmitted by the portable terminal 50 includes information on the data size, the transmission time from the server device 10 and the reception time at the portable terminal 50.
- the third packet transmission / reception unit 280 receives reply packets sent continuously by the mobile terminal 50.
- the third packet transmitting / receiving unit 280 extracts information on the data size, the transmission time from the server device 10 and the reception time at the portable terminal 50 from the received reply packet, and sends the information to the band estimation value calculation unit 230. Output.
- the bandwidth estimation value calculation unit 230 receives information regarding the data size of the reply packet, the transmission time from the server device 10, and the reception time at the mobile terminal 50. Thereafter, the band estimation unit 233 executes the following process B.
- the band estimation unit 233 rearranges the reply packets in the order of the transmission time, and calculates the band estimation value W according to the following equation (5) for each predetermined time.
- D (i) represents the data size of the i-th packet transmitted from the third packet transmitting / receiving unit 280.
- R (M) indicates the reception time at the portable terminal 50 of the Mth transmitted packet.
- R (1) indicates the reception time at the portable terminal 50 of the packet first transmitted from the server device 10.
- the band estimated value calculation unit 230 applies Equation (2) to the calculated band estimated value W and smoothes it in terms of time. Subsequently, the band estimated value calculation unit 230 uses the band estimated value B (n) smoothed using the expression (2) to encode an image according to the expression (3) at each predetermined time. The bit rate C (n) at that time is calculated. The calculated bit rate C (n) is output to the image encoder unit 240 every predetermined time.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of an internal configuration of the image encoder unit 240.
- the image encoder unit 240 includes a buffer unit 241, a difference determination unit 242, a switch 243, an image encoding unit 244, and a rate control unit 245.
- the buffer unit 241 receives an image signal from the screen capture unit 220 at a predetermined screen resolution and a predetermined frame rate, and accumulates an image signal for one frame.
- the buffer unit 241 accumulates one frame of the signals (luminance signal and color difference signal) converted by the screen capture unit 220 and outputs the accumulated image signal to the switch 243.
- the difference discriminating unit 242 stores past image signals for one frame therein. Further, the difference determination unit 242 receives the image signal of the current frame from the buffer unit 241. The difference determination unit 242 determines whether or not to encode the image signal by using the image signal of the past for one frame accumulated inside and the image signal of the current frame.
- the difference determination unit 242 calculates the sum of absolute differences (SAD; Sum of Absolute) between the current frame signal of the received image signal and the previous image signal for one frame based on the following equation (6). Difference) is calculated.
- D_k represents the SAD value in the kth frame (k is an integer, the same applies hereinafter).
- P_k (x, y) indicates the coordinates of the pixel signal in the kth frame.
- the range in which the SAD value is calculated may be an entire frame or may be limited to a partial region. In the former case, the importance may be changed for each region. In such a case, the SAD value is calculated by multiplying the difference absolute value by a different weight for each region when calculating the SAD value. You can also
- the difference determination unit 242 compares D_k with a predetermined threshold T_th to determine whether to encode an image signal. Specifically, when D_k is equal to or greater than the threshold value T_th, it is determined that the image signal should be encoded because the change in the image signal is large (the movement of the element represented by the image signal is large). On the other hand, when D_k is smaller than the threshold T_th, it is determined that encoding is unnecessary because the change in the image signal is small (the movement is small).
- the difference determination unit 242 outputs the determination result to the switch 243 and the band estimation value calculation unit 230.
- the discriminating unit 231 included in the band estimated value calculating unit 230 encodes the image signal within a predetermined time based on the discrimination result output from the difference discriminating unit 242, and sends the compression-encoded bit stream to the portable terminal 50. It is determined whether or not it has been done.
- the switch 243 switches whether to output the image signal for one frame output from the buffer unit 241 to the image encoding unit 244 based on the determination result of the difference determination unit 242. More specifically, when the determination result of the difference determination unit 242 indicates encoding, an image signal for one frame is output to the image encoding unit 244. On the other hand, when the determination result of the difference determination unit 242 does not instruct encoding, the image signal for one frame is not output to the image encoding unit 244.
- the rate control unit 245 receives a bit rate C (n) for encoding an image from the band estimation unit 233 included in the band estimation value calculation unit 230 every predetermined time. Further, the rate control unit 245 calculates the screen resolution VR and the frame rate fps when encoding the image from the bit rate C (n), and the bit rate C (n), the screen resolution VR and the frame rate fps are encoded. To the conversion unit 244.
- the image encoding unit 244 receives the bit rate C (n), the screen resolution VR, and the frame rate fps for each predetermined timing from the rate control unit 245.
- the image encoding unit 244 sets the maximum bit rate at the time of compression encoding to C (n) using a predetermined compression encoding method. To do.
- the image encoding unit 244 outputs the generated compressed encoded bit stream to the first packet transmitting / receiving unit 260.
- the predetermined compression encoding method includes H.264. H.264, MPEG-4, JPEG2000, JPEG, etc. can be used. However, the purpose of the compression encoding method is not limited to these.
- the image encoding unit 244 When the image signal for one frame is not received from the switch 243, the image encoding unit 244 does not perform the compression encoding process. As a result, the compressed encoded bit stream is not output to the first packet transmitting / receiving unit 260.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the server device 10.
- step S04 the bandwidth estimation unit 233 estimates the bandwidth of the mobile network 400 based on the information obtained in step S03 or the return packet for the packet sent to the mobile terminal 50. Thereafter, the band estimation unit 233 determines a bit rate to be used when the image is encoded in the image encoder unit 240 (step S05). The compression-encoded bit stream generated by the image encoder unit 240 is sent to the portable terminal 50 via the first packet transmission / reception unit 260 (step S06).
- a mobile LTE / EPC network may be a mobile LTE / EPC network as described above, or may be a WiMax (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) network or a WiFi (Wireless Fidelity) network. Further, it may be a fixed network or an NGN (Next Generation Network) network. However, in this case, connection is not from a mobile terminal but from a fixed terminal or a PC (Personal Computer).
- WiMax Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
- WiFi Wireless Fidelity
- NGN Next Generation Network
- the receiving device calculates statistical data such as a one-way delay time, a packet loss rate, and a reception rate. Thereafter, the receiving apparatus transmits statistical data to the transmitting apparatus using an RTCP (Real-time Transport Control Protocol) packet extended to transmit a one-way delay. For this reason, the amount of transmission data in the uplink direction is large, and there is a possibility that the uplink network band is compressed. Further, Patent Document 1 does not specifically disclose how the transmission apparatus estimates the network bandwidth from the received statistical information. Furthermore, there is no specific disclosure on how to determine the encoding rate from the delay time in the transmission apparatus.
- RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol
- a specific packet (probe packet) is continuously sent from the server device 10 to the mobile terminal 50, and the network on the server device 10 side is based on information returned by the mobile terminal 50. Is estimated. Therefore, the problem that the processing amount in the portable terminal 50 increases does not occur. Further, since it is not necessary to send statistical data of a large size from the portable terminal 50, the upstream band is not compressed.
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、日本国特許出願:特願2012-173727号(2012年 8月 6日出願)に基づくものであり、同出願の全記載内容は引用をもって本書に組み込み記載されているものとする。
本発明は、通信システム、サーバ装置、サーバ装置の制御方法及びプログラムに関する。特に、モバイルネットワークを介してサーバにアクセスし、サーバ上の仮想クライアントを遠隔操作する通信システム、サーバ装置、サーバ装置の制御方法及びプログラムに関する。
なお、本方法は、ネットワークを介して端末装置と接続されるサーバ装置という、特定の機械に結びつけられている。
なお、このプログラムは、コンピュータが読み取り可能な記憶媒体に記録することができる。記憶媒体は、半導体メモリ、ハードディスク、磁気記録媒体、光記録媒体等の非トランジェント(non-transient)なものとすることができる。本発明は、コンピュータプログラム製品として具現することも可能である。
上記第1の視点に係る通信システムのとおりである。
[形態2]
前記帯域推定値算出部は、
前記画面情報の送信に対する前記端末装置から返信される情報に基づき、前記帯域推定値を算出することが好ましい。
[形態3]
前記帯域推定値算出部は、
前記端末装置に対し、所定の時間以上、前記画面情報が送信されていない場合に、前記端末装置に対して送信された情報に対する、前記端末装置からの返信に基づき、前記帯域推定値を算出することが好ましい。
[形態4]
前記サーバ装置は、
前記帯域推定値算出部からの指示に基づき、前記端末装置に対し、特定のパケットを連続して送信すると共に、前記端末装置が前記連続して送信された特定のパケットに対して返信したパケットを前記帯域推定値算出部に出力するパケット送受信部を備えることが好ましい。
[形態5]
前記帯域推定値算出部は、
前記端末装置に向けて送信したパケットのサイズと、前記端末装置に向けて送信されたパケットを前記端末装置が受け取った時刻と、に基づいて、前記帯域推定値を算出することが好ましい。
[形態6]
前記帯域推定値算出部は、
前記帯域推定値以下に前記ビットレートを設定することが好ましい。
[形態7]
前記仮想クライアント部は、音声情報が付随した前記画面情報を生成し、
前記サーバ装置は、
前記音声情報を前記画面情報から分離する画面キャプチャ部と、
前記音声情報を圧縮するオーディオエンコーダ部と、
を備えることが好ましい。
[形態8]
上記第2の視点に係るサーバ装置のとおりである。
[形態9]
前記帯域推定値算出部は、
前記画面情報の送信に対する前記端末装置から返信される情報に基づき、前記帯域推定値を算出することが好ましい。
[形態10]
前記帯域推定値算出部は、
前記端末装置に対し、所定の時間以上、前記画面情報が送信されていない場合に、前記端末装置に対して送信された情報に対する、前記端末装置からの返信に基づき、前記帯域推定値を算出することが好ましい。
[形態11]
前記帯域推定値算出部からの指示に基づき、前記端末装置に対し、特定のパケットを連続して送信すると共に、前記端末装置が前記連続して送信された特定のパケットに対して返信したパケットを前記帯域推定値算出部に出力するパケット送受信部を備えることが好ましい。
[形態12]
前記帯域推定値算出部は、
前記端末装置に向けて送信したパケットのサイズと、前記端末装置に向けて送信されたパケットを前記端末装置が受け取った時刻と、に基づいて、前記帯域推定値を算出することが好ましい。
[形態13]
前記帯域推定値算出部は、
前記帯域推定値以下に前記ビットレートを設定することが好ましい。
[形態14]
前記仮想クライアント部は、音声情報が付随した前記画面情報を生成し、
前記音声情報を前記画面情報から分離する画面キャプチャ部と、
前記音声情報を圧縮するオーディオエンコーダ部と、
を備えることが好ましい。
[形態15]
上記第3の視点に係るサーバ装置の制御方法のとおりである。
[形態16]
前記帯域推定値算出工程は、
前記画面情報の送信に対する前記端末装置から返信される情報に基づき、前記帯域推定値を算出することが好ましい。
[形態17]
前記帯域推定値算出工程は、
前記端末装置に対し、所定の時間以上、前記画面情報が送信されていない場合に、前記端末装置に対して送信された情報に対する、前記端末装置からの返信に基づき、前記帯域推定値を算出することが好ましい。
[形態18]
前記帯域推定値算出工程からの指示に基づき、前記端末装置に対し、特定のパケットを連続して送信する工程と、
前記端末装置が前記連続して送信された特定のパケットに対して返信したパケットを受信する工程と、
を含むことが好ましい。
[形態19]
前記帯域推定値算出工程は、
前記端末装置に向けて送信したパケットのサイズと、前記端末装置に向けて送信されたパケットを前記端末装置が受け取った時刻と、に基づいて、前記帯域推定値を算出することが好ましい。
[形態20]
前記ビットレートを算出する工程は、
前記帯域推定値以下に前記ビットレートを設定することが好ましい。
[形態21]
前記仮想クライアント工程は、音声情報が付随した前記画面情報を生成し、
前記音声情報を前記画面情報から分離する工程と、
前記音声情報を圧縮するオーディオエンコード工程と、
を含むことが好ましい。
[形態22]
上記第4の視点に係るプログラムのとおりである。
[形態23]
前記帯域推定値算出処理は、
前記画面情報の送信に対する前記端末装置から返信される情報に基づき、前記帯域推定値を算出することが好ましい。
[形態24]
前記帯域推定値算出処理は、
前記端末装置に対し、所定の時間以上、前記画面情報が送信されていない場合に、前記端末装置に対して送信された情報に対する、前記端末装置からの返信に基づき、前記帯域推定値を算出することが好ましい。
[形態25]
前記帯域推定値算出工程からの指示に基づき、前記端末装置に対し、特定のパケットを連続して送信する処理と、
前記端末装置が前記連続して送信された特定のパケットに対して返信したパケットを受信する処理と、
を実行することが好ましい。
[形態26]
前記帯域推定値算出処理は、
前記端末装置に向けて送信したパケットのサイズと、前記端末装置に向けて送信されたパケットを前記端末装置が受け取った時刻と、に基づいて、前記帯域推定値を算出することが好ましい。
[形態27]
前記ビットレートを算出する処理は、
前記帯域推定値以下に前記ビットレートを設定することが好ましい。
[形態28]
前記仮想クライアント処理は、音声情報が付随した前記画面情報を生成し、
前記音声情報を前記画面情報から分離する処理と、
前記音声情報を圧縮するオーディオエンコード処理と、
を実行することが好ましい。
第1の実施形態について、図面を用いてより詳細に説明する。
帯域推定部233は、第1のパケット送受信部260が出力する信号を受け付け、下記の式(1)に基づき、帯域推定値Wを算出する。
なお、式(1)において、D(i)は、第1のパケット送受信部260から携帯端末50に向けて送出したi番目(iは2以上の整数、以下同じ)のパケットのデータサイズを示す。R(i)は、携帯端末50において上述のi番目のパケットを受信したときの時刻である。R(i)は、携帯端末50から第1のパケット送受信部260に返信されたパケットから得られる情報である。
B(n)=(1-β)B(n-1)+βW ・・・(2)
なお、B(n)は第n時刻(nは1以上の整数、以下同じ)における平滑化後の帯域推定値を示す。βは0<β<1の範囲の定数である。
C(n)=(1-γ)C(n-1)+γB(n) ・・・(3)
C(n)≦B(n) ・・・(4)
なお、C(n)は、第n時刻でのビットレートを示す。γは0<γ<1の範囲の定数である。
帯域推定部233は、返信パケットを送信時刻の順番に並び替え、予め定められた時刻ごとに下記の式(5)に従い帯域推定値Wを算出する。
なお、式(5)において、D(i)は、第3のパケット送受信部280からi番目に送出したパケットのデータサイズを示す。R(M)は、M番目に送出されたパケットの携帯端末50における受信時刻を示す。R(1)はサーバ装置10から最初に送出されたパケットの携帯端末50における受信時刻を示す。
なお、式(6)において、D_kは、k番目のフレームにおけるSAD値を示す(kは整数、以下同じ)。P_k(x、y)は、k番目のフレームにおける画素信号の座標を示す。
20 パケット転送装置
30 無線ネットワーク制御装置
40 基地局
50 携帯端末
100 通信システム
101 端末装置
103、210 仮想クライアント部
104、240 画像エンコーダ部
105、230 帯域推定値算出部
200 操作信号パケット受信部
220 画面キャプチャ部
231 判別部
232、243 スイッチ
233 帯域推定部
241 バッファ部
242 差分判別部
244 画像符号化部
245 レート制御部
250 オーディオエンコーダ部
260 第1のパケット送受信部
270 第2のパケット送受信部
280 第3のパケット送受信部
300 クラウド網
400 モバイルネットワーク
Claims (10)
- 表示部を備える端末装置と、
ネットワークを介して前記端末装置における操作を受け付け、前記ネットワークを介して前記表示部に表示する画面情報を送信するサーバ装置と、
を含み、
前記サーバ装置は、
前記端末装置における操作に応じた処理を実行し、前記画面情報を生成する仮想クライアント部と、
前記画面情報を所定の方式より圧縮する画像エンコーダ部と、
前記ネットワークの帯域の推定値である帯域推定値を算出する帯域推定値算出部と、
を備え、
前記帯域推定値算出部は、前記帯域推定値に基づき、前記画像エンコーダ部が前記画面情報を圧縮する際のビットレートを算出する、通信システム。 - 前記帯域推定値算出部は、
前記画面情報の送信に対する前記端末装置から返信される情報に基づき、前記帯域推定値を算出する請求項1の通信システム。 - 前記帯域推定値算出部は、
前記端末装置に対し、所定の時間以上、前記画面情報が送信されていない場合に、前記端末装置に対して送信された情報に対する、前記端末装置からの返信に基づき、前記帯域推定値を算出する請求項1又は2の通信システム。 - 前記サーバ装置は、
前記帯域推定値算出部からの指示に基づき、前記端末装置に対し、特定のパケットを連続して送信すると共に、前記端末装置が前記連続して送信された特定のパケットに対して返信したパケットを前記帯域推定値算出部に出力するパケット送受信部をさらに備える請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の通信システム。 - 前記帯域推定値算出部は、
前記端末装置に向けて送信したパケットのサイズと、前記端末装置に向けて送信されたパケットを前記端末装置が受け取った時刻と、に基づいて、前記帯域推定値を算出する請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の通信システム。 - 前記帯域推定値算出部は、
前記帯域推定値以下に前記ビットレートを設定する請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載の通信システム。 - 前記仮想クライアント部は、音声情報が付随した前記画面情報を生成し、
前記サーバ装置は、
前記音声情報を前記画面情報から分離する画面キャプチャ部と、
前記音声情報を圧縮するオーディオエンコーダ部と、
を備える請求項1乃至6のいずれか一項に記載の通信システム。 - ネットワークを介して接続された端末装置における操作に応じた処理を実行し、前記端末装置に表示させる画面情報を生成する仮想クライアント部と、
前記画面情報を所定の方式より圧縮する画像エンコーダ部と、
前記ネットワークの帯域の推定値である帯域推定値を算出する帯域推定値算出部と、
を備え、
前記帯域推定値算出部は、前記帯域推定値に基づき、前記画像エンコーダ部が前記画面情報を圧縮する際のビットレートを算出する、サーバ装置。 - ネットワークを介して接続された端末装置における操作に応じた処理を実行し、前記端末装置に表示させる画面情報を生成する仮想クライアント工程と、
前記画面情報を所定の方式より圧縮する画像エンコード工程と、
前記ネットワークの帯域の推定値である帯域推定値を算出する帯域推定値算出工程と、
前記帯域推定値に基づき、前記画面情報を圧縮する際のビットレートを算出する工程と、
を含むサーバ装置の制御方法。 - ネットワークを介して接続された端末装置における操作に応じた処理を実行し、前記端末装置に表示させる画面情報を生成する仮想クライアント処理と、
前記画面情報を所定の方式より圧縮する画像エンコード処理と、
前記ネットワークの帯域の推定値である帯域推定値を算出する帯域推定値算出処理と、
前記帯域推定値に基づき、前記画面情報を圧縮する際のビットレートを算出する処理と、
をサーバ装置を制御するコンピュータに実行させるプログラム。
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2013
- 2013-08-06 US US14/417,104 patent/US20150215180A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-08-06 TW TW102128051A patent/TWI528771B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2013-08-06 WO PCT/JP2013/071206 patent/WO2014024860A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2013-08-06 JP JP2014529498A patent/JP5858164B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-08-06 EP EP13827589.6A patent/EP2882164A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-08-06 KR KR1020157001670A patent/KR101632012B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2013-08-06 CN CN201380042035.5A patent/CN104521222A/zh active Pending
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JP2016048898A (ja) * | 2014-08-28 | 2016-04-07 | 株式会社リコー | 配信制御システム、配信制御方法、及びプログラム |
WO2016109692A3 (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-08-04 | Sling Media, Inc. | Streaming system and method with initial quality assessment |
Also Published As
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KR20150031310A (ko) | 2015-03-23 |
TW201421953A (zh) | 2014-06-01 |
KR101632012B1 (ko) | 2016-06-21 |
EP2882164A4 (en) | 2016-04-06 |
EP2882164A1 (en) | 2015-06-10 |
US20150215180A1 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
TWI528771B (zh) | 2016-04-01 |
JP5858164B2 (ja) | 2016-02-10 |
JPWO2014024860A1 (ja) | 2016-07-25 |
CN104521222A (zh) | 2015-04-15 |
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