WO2014023061A1 - Laser automatic tide gauge - Google Patents

Laser automatic tide gauge Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014023061A1
WO2014023061A1 PCT/CN2012/082773 CN2012082773W WO2014023061A1 WO 2014023061 A1 WO2014023061 A1 WO 2014023061A1 CN 2012082773 W CN2012082773 W CN 2012082773W WO 2014023061 A1 WO2014023061 A1 WO 2014023061A1
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Prior art keywords
laser
hollow cylinder
ranging module
microprocessor
laser ranging
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PCT/CN2012/082773
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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刘雁春
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付建国
王海亭
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Publication of WO2014023061A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014023061A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/30—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats
    • G01F23/64—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats of the free float type without mechanical transmission elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C13/00—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
    • G01C13/002—Measuring the movement of open water
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/30—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats
    • G01F23/64—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats of the free float type without mechanical transmission elements
    • G01F23/68—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats of the free float type without mechanical transmission elements using electrically actuated indicating means
    • G01F23/686—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats of the free float type without mechanical transmission elements using electrically actuated indicating means using opto-electrically actuated indicating means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ocean tide tidal observation device, in particular to a laser automatic tide gauge with simple structure, low cost, sturdy and durable, easy installation and operation, high degree of automation and high observation precision.
  • the tide check is an observation of tidal fluctuations at a fixed time interval at certain fixed points. It is an important part of marine engineering survey, waterway survey, ocean survey, and harbor terminal monitoring.
  • the well-known tide gauges mainly include tide gauges, float gauges, acoustic tide gauges, pressure gauges, and the like.
  • the tide gauge is an open geometry mechanical tide gauge. It is set up on the quay wall or shore when measuring. The surveyer directly observes the reading manually.
  • the advantage is that the structure is simple, the cost is low, the light and flexible; the disadvantage is that the degree of automation is low. Poor filtering capability and low observation accuracy.
  • the float type tide gauge is a closed type mechanical tide gauge.
  • the seawater enters the tide well through the wave-eliminating water inlet device, so that the float cylinder fluctuates with the water surface, and the float cylinder drives the upper recording drum to rotate, so that the record needle is mounted on the recording paper. Record the line on the drum, record the change of the water surface, and achieve the purpose of automatically recording the tide level.
  • the advantages are low instrument cost, sturdy and durable, high degree of automation, high observation accuracy and good filtering performance.
  • the disadvantage is that the well needs to be built during installation and the installation cost is high.
  • the acoustic tide gauge is Acoustic transmitting and receiving probes are placed at a fixed position above the sea surface, and the distance from the probe to the sea surface is calculated by detecting the duration of the sound wave emission to the sea surface echo returning to the sound probe, thereby obtaining the change of the sea surface with time.
  • the advantage is that the cost is low and the degree of automation is high.
  • the disadvantage is that the observation accuracy is lowered due to the beam angle effect (that is, the circular wave field acting on the sea surface during the sound wave reflection reflection process is not a point).
  • the pressure type tide gauge is a closed type pressure type tide gauge, which is placed at a fixed position on the seabed or underwater.
  • the fluctuation of the sea surface is calculated by detecting the pressure change of the seawater.
  • the present invention is to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a laser automatic tide gauge with simple structure, low cost, sturdiness, easy installation and operation, high degree of automation and high observation precision.
  • a laser automatic tide gauge which is provided with a hollow cylinder, the lower end of the hollow cylinder is connected with a wave-absorbing water inlet device, the hollow cylinder has a built-in laser reflection float, and the hollow cylinder
  • the upper end is provided with a laser ranging module, the laser emitting head of the laser ranging module is opposite to the laser reflecting float, the output of the laser ranging module is connected with the microprocessor, and the data transmitting module is connected with the microprocessor.
  • the invention utilizes the laser to automatically measure the distance from the water surface (float), and obtains the tide level data through the data processing of the microprocessor, and then immediately sends out through the data transmission module, which has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, sturdy and durable, easy installation and operation.
  • the advantages of good filtering effect, high degree of automation and high observation accuracy can improve the efficiency and quality of tide check. It can be used for long-term fixed-point tide check of marine survey and harbor terminal monitoring, and can be used for short-term portable measurement of coastal marine engineering and navigation channel measurement. Fixed tide check.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • hollow cylinder made of 316 stainless steel, polyethylene, etc. 1 It may be cylindrical or square cylindrical, etc., the lower end of the hollow cylinder 1 is connected to the wave-eliminating water inlet device 2, and the device for filtering the water inlet device 2 has a water filtering hole, and the structure and the existing normative test
  • the wave-breaking water inlet device used in the tidal well is the same.
  • the pore size of the water filter hole should meet the requirements of wave elimination and moisture.
  • laser reflection float 3 It is made of a material that has excellent corrosion resistance and lubrication properties and can reflect laser light, such as polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the upper end of the hollow cylinder 1 is provided with a laser ranging module 4, and the laser ranging module 4 adopts SKD-30 of Sanke Optoelectronics.
  • the laser emitting head should be set opposite to the laser reflecting float 3, and the output of the laser ranging module 4 It is connected to the microprocessor and has a data transmission module connected to the microprocessor.
  • the microprocessor uses PIC microcontroller and can use FLASH.
  • the memory saves data, and realizes functions such as laser ranging control and reading, measurement data processing and exchange through software.
  • the data transmission module consists of ARM and Bluetooth modules or uses the GSM module. .
  • the entire circuit is powered by a lithium battery that is attached to the hollow cylinder 1 and all electrical components are sealed against seawater.
  • the outer surface of the hollow cylinder 1 can be marked with a scale to have the function of a common tide gauge.
  • the hollow cylinder 1 is fixed at a certain measuring point in the quay wall or seawater, and the seawater is filtered by the wave-injecting device 2 into the hollow cylinder 1
  • the laser reflection float 3 in the hollow cylinder 1 rises and falls with the tidal water level, and the distance between the laser ranging module 4 and the laser reflection float 3 corresponds to the water level.
  • Laser ranging module 4 The output distance data is sent to the microprocessor, and the tidal level data is obtained by the digital filtering operation of the microprocessor, and the obtained tidal level data is exchanged with the external data through the data transmission module.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Level Indicators Using A Float (AREA)

Abstract

A laser automatic tide gauge, comprising: a hollow cylinder (1), wherein the lower end of the hollow cylinder (1) is connected to a wave absorbing water inlet device (2), a laser reflective floater (3) is arranged in the hollow cylinder (1), the upper end of the hollow cylinder (1) is provided with a laser ranging module (4), the laser emission head of the laser ranging module (4) is arranged opposite to the laser reflective floater (3), the output of the laser ranging module (4) is connected to a microprocessor, and the microprocessor is connected to a data transmitting module. The laser automatic tide gauge has the advantages of a simple structure, low costs, firmness and durability, easy installation and operation, and high automation degree and observation accuracy.

Description

激光自动验潮仪  Laser automatic tide gauge
技术领域： Technical field:
本发明涉及一种海洋潮位观测装置，尤其是一种结构简单、成本低廉、坚固耐用、安装及操作容易、自动化程度及观测精度高的激光自动验潮仪。 The invention relates to an ocean tide tidal observation device, in particular to a laser automatic tide gauge with simple structure, low cost, sturdy and durable, easy installation and operation, high degree of automation and high observation precision.
背景技术： Background technique:
验潮是在某固定点按一定时间间隔对潮汐涨落所进行的观测，是海洋工程测量、航道测量、海洋调查、海港码头监测等工作的重要组成部分。目前，公知的验潮装置主要有验潮尺、浮子式验潮仪、声学验潮仪、压力式验潮仪等等。验潮尺属于开放型几何机械类验潮仪，测量时将其设立于码头壁或岸边，由测量人员直接人工观测读数，优点是结构简单、成本低廉、轻便灵活；缺点是自动化程度低、滤波能力差、观测精度低。浮子式验潮仪属于封闭型机械类验潮仪，海水通过消波进水装置进入验潮井中，使浮筒随水面起伏，浮筒则带动上面的记录滚筒转动，使得记录针在装有记录纸的记录滚筒上画线，记录水面的变化情况，达到自动记录潮位的目的。优点是仪器成本低、坚固耐用、自动化程度高、观测精度高、滤波性能好；缺点是安装时需要打井建站、安装成本高，仅适用于岸边的长期定点验潮；声学验潮仪是在海面以上某固定位置安放声学发射接收探头，通过检测声波发射至海面回波返回到声探头的历时来计算探头至海面的距离，从而得到海面随时间的变化。优点是成本较低、自动化程度高，缺点是由于波束角效应（即声波发射反射过程中作用到海面不是一个点而是一个圆域）使观测精度降低。压力式验潮仪属于封闭型压力类验潮仪，安置于海底或水下固定位置，通过检测海水的压力变化而推算出海面的起伏变化。优点是自动化程度高、轻便灵活、适用范围广，缺点是需满足对密封耐压的要求，故成本较高，且易被泥沙遮掩或覆盖。 The tide check is an observation of tidal fluctuations at a fixed time interval at certain fixed points. It is an important part of marine engineering survey, waterway survey, ocean survey, and harbor terminal monitoring. At present, the well-known tide gauges mainly include tide gauges, float gauges, acoustic tide gauges, pressure gauges, and the like. The tide gauge is an open geometry mechanical tide gauge. It is set up on the quay wall or shore when measuring. The surveyer directly observes the reading manually. The advantage is that the structure is simple, the cost is low, the light and flexible; the disadvantage is that the degree of automation is low. Poor filtering capability and low observation accuracy. The float type tide gauge is a closed type mechanical tide gauge. The seawater enters the tide well through the wave-eliminating water inlet device, so that the float cylinder fluctuates with the water surface, and the float cylinder drives the upper recording drum to rotate, so that the record needle is mounted on the recording paper. Record the line on the drum, record the change of the water surface, and achieve the purpose of automatically recording the tide level. The advantages are low instrument cost, sturdy and durable, high degree of automation, high observation accuracy and good filtering performance. The disadvantage is that the well needs to be built during installation and the installation cost is high. It is only suitable for long-term fixed-point tide inspection on the shore; the acoustic tide gauge is Acoustic transmitting and receiving probes are placed at a fixed position above the sea surface, and the distance from the probe to the sea surface is calculated by detecting the duration of the sound wave emission to the sea surface echo returning to the sound probe, thereby obtaining the change of the sea surface with time. The advantage is that the cost is low and the degree of automation is high. The disadvantage is that the observation accuracy is lowered due to the beam angle effect (that is, the circular wave field acting on the sea surface during the sound wave reflection reflection process is not a point). The pressure type tide gauge is a closed type pressure type tide gauge, which is placed at a fixed position on the seabed or underwater. The fluctuation of the sea surface is calculated by detecting the pressure change of the seawater. The advantages are high degree of automation, light and flexible, wide application range, and the disadvantage is that it needs to meet the requirements of sealing pressure resistance, so the cost is high, and it is easy to be covered or covered by sand.
发明内容： Summary of the invention:
本发明是为了解决现有技术所存在的上述技术问题，提供一种结构简单、成本低廉、坚固耐用、安装及操作容易、自动化程度及观测精度高的激光自动验潮仪。 The present invention is to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a laser automatic tide gauge with simple structure, low cost, sturdiness, easy installation and operation, high degree of automation and high observation precision.
本发明的技术解决方案是：一种激光自动验潮仪，设有空心柱体，空心柱体的下端与消波进水装置相接，所述空心柱体内置有激光反射浮子，空心柱体的上端设有激光测距模块，激光测距模块的激光发射头与激光反射浮子相对设置，所述激光测距模块的输出与微处理器相接，与微处理器相接有数据变送模块。 The technical solution of the invention is: a laser automatic tide gauge, which is provided with a hollow cylinder, the lower end of the hollow cylinder is connected with a wave-absorbing water inlet device, the hollow cylinder has a built-in laser reflection float, and the hollow cylinder The upper end is provided with a laser ranging module, the laser emitting head of the laser ranging module is opposite to the laser reflecting float, the output of the laser ranging module is connected with the microprocessor, and the data transmitting module is connected with the microprocessor. .
本发明利用激光自动测量与水面（浮子）的距离，经过微处理器的数据处理即可获得潮位数据，再通过数据变送模块即时发出，具有结构简单、成本低廉、坚固耐用、安装及操作容易、滤波效果好、自动化程度及观测精度高等优点，可提高验潮的效率和质量，既可用于海洋调查、海港码头监测的长期定点验潮，又可用于沿岸海洋工程测量、航道测量的短期便携式定点验潮。 The invention utilizes the laser to automatically measure the distance from the water surface (float), and obtains the tide level data through the data processing of the microprocessor, and then immediately sends out through the data transmission module, which has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, sturdy and durable, easy installation and operation. The advantages of good filtering effect, high degree of automation and high observation accuracy can improve the efficiency and quality of tide check. It can be used for long-term fixed-point tide check of marine survey and harbor terminal monitoring, and can be used for short-term portable measurement of coastal marine engineering and navigation channel measurement. Fixed tide check.
图 1 是本发明实施例的结构示意图。 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention.
图 2 是本发明实施例的电路原理框图。 2 is a circuit block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式： detailed description:
如图 1 、图 2 所示：有用 316 不锈钢、聚乙烯等材料制成的空心柱体 1 ，可以是圆柱形或方柱形等等， 空心柱体 1 的下端与消波进水装置 2 相接，消波进水装置 2 其上有滤水孔的装置，结构与现有规范性验潮井所用消波进水装置相同， 其滤水孔的孔径应满足消波及随潮性等要求。在空心柱体 1 内置有激光反射浮子 3 ，激光反射浮子 3 采用具有优异耐腐蚀和润滑特性且可反射激光的材料制成，如聚四氟乙烯等。空心柱体 1 的上端设有激光测距模块 4 ，激光测距模块 4 采用三科光电的 SKD-30 ，安装激光测距模块 4 时，应使其激光发射头与 激光反射浮子 3 相对设置，激光测距模块 4 的输出 与微处理器相接，与微处理器相接有数据变送模块。微处理器采用 PIC 单片机，可利用 FLASH 存储器保存数据，通过软件实现激光测距控制与读数、测量数据处理与交换等功能。数据变送模块由 ARM 与蓝牙模块构成或采用 GSM 模块 。整个电路由固定在空心柱体 1 上的锂电池供电，所有电器件都要进行防海水腐蚀密封处理。可在空心柱体 1 外表面标注刻度，使其具有普通验潮尺的功能。 As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2: hollow cylinder made of 316 stainless steel, polyethylene, etc. 1 It may be cylindrical or square cylindrical, etc., the lower end of the hollow cylinder 1 is connected to the wave-eliminating water inlet device 2, and the device for filtering the water inlet device 2 has a water filtering hole, and the structure and the existing normative test The wave-breaking water inlet device used in the tidal well is the same. The pore size of the water filter hole should meet the requirements of wave elimination and moisture. In the hollow cylinder 1 built-in laser reflection float 3, laser reflection float 3 It is made of a material that has excellent corrosion resistance and lubrication properties and can reflect laser light, such as polytetrafluoroethylene. The upper end of the hollow cylinder 1 is provided with a laser ranging module 4, and the laser ranging module 4 adopts SKD-30 of Sanke Optoelectronics. When installing the laser ranging module 4, the laser emitting head should be set opposite to the laser reflecting float 3, and the output of the laser ranging module 4 It is connected to the microprocessor and has a data transmission module connected to the microprocessor. The microprocessor uses PIC microcontroller and can use FLASH. The memory saves data, and realizes functions such as laser ranging control and reading, measurement data processing and exchange through software. The data transmission module consists of ARM and Bluetooth modules or uses the GSM module. . The entire circuit is powered by a lithium battery that is attached to the hollow cylinder 1 and all electrical components are sealed against seawater. The outer surface of the hollow cylinder 1 can be marked with a scale to have the function of a common tide gauge.
使用时，将空心柱体 1 固定在码头壁或海水中某一测点，海水则通过消波进水装置 2 滤波后进入空心柱体 1 内，空心 柱体 1 内的激光反射浮子 3 会随潮汐水位而升降，激光测距模块 4 所测的与 激光反射浮子 3 之间的距离即与水位相对应。激光测距模块 4 所输出的距离数据送至微处理器，经微处理器进行数字滤波等运算得到潮位数据，所得到的潮位数据经数据变送模块与外部进行数据交换。 In use, the hollow cylinder 1 is fixed at a certain measuring point in the quay wall or seawater, and the seawater is filtered by the wave-injecting device 2 into the hollow cylinder 1 Inside, the laser reflection float 3 in the hollow cylinder 1 rises and falls with the tidal water level, and the distance between the laser ranging module 4 and the laser reflection float 3 corresponds to the water level. Laser ranging module 4 The output distance data is sent to the microprocessor, and the tidal level data is obtained by the digital filtering operation of the microprocessor, and the obtained tidal level data is exchanged with the external data through the data transmission module.

Claims (1)

  1. 一种激光自动验潮仪，其特征在于：设有空心柱体（ 1 ），空心柱体（ 1 ）的下端与消波进水装置（ 2 ）相接，所述 空心柱体（ 1 ）内置有激光反射浮子（ 3 ），空心柱体（ 1 ）的上端设有激光测距模块（ 4 ），激光测距模块（ 4 ）的激光发射头与 激光反射浮子（ 3 ）相对设置，所述激光测距模块（ 4 ）的输出 与微处理器相接，与微处理器相接有数据变送模块。 A laser automatic tide gauge, characterized in that: a hollow cylinder (1) is provided, and a lower end of the hollow cylinder (1) is connected to a wave-eliminating water inlet device (2), The hollow cylinder (1) has a built-in laser reflection float (3), and the upper end of the hollow cylinder (1) is provided with a laser ranging module (4), a laser ranging head of the laser ranging module (4) and a laser reflecting float (3) Relatively speaking, the output of the laser ranging module (4) is connected to the microprocessor, and the data transmission module is connected to the microprocessor.
PCT/CN2012/082773 2012-08-07 2012-10-11 Laser automatic tide gauge WO2014023061A1 (en)

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CN201210278017.4 2012-08-07
CN 201210278017 CN102778270A (en) 2012-08-07 2012-08-07 Automatic laser tide gauge

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CN112595389A (en) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-02 张康德 Water level meter

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103234602A (en) * 2013-04-02 2013-08-07 厦门大学 Measuring method and device for photoelectric type wave rolling random signal
CN109470332B (en) * 2018-12-28 2024-08-16 自然资源部第三海洋研究所 Simple tide level observation station based on Beidou and laser and tide checking method thereof

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