WO2014019238A1 - 一种彩色动态放大安全薄膜 - Google Patents

一种彩色动态放大安全薄膜 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014019238A1
WO2014019238A1 PCT/CN2012/079687 CN2012079687W WO2014019238A1 WO 2014019238 A1 WO2014019238 A1 WO 2014019238A1 CN 2012079687 W CN2012079687 W CN 2012079687W WO 2014019238 A1 WO2014019238 A1 WO 2014019238A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
micro
semi
color
graphic
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PCT/CN2012/079687
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
叶燕
陈林森
申溯
周云
周小红
胡进
朱鹏飞
浦东林
魏国军
Original Assignee
苏州苏大维格光电科技股份有限公司
苏州大学
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Application filed by 苏州苏大维格光电科技股份有限公司, 苏州大学 filed Critical 苏州苏大维格光电科技股份有限公司
Priority to US14/419,151 priority Critical patent/US9372287B2/en
Priority to CN201280075075.5A priority patent/CN104981356B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2012/079687 priority patent/WO2014019238A1/zh
Priority to KR1020157005268A priority patent/KR101960402B1/ko
Publication of WO2014019238A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014019238A1/zh

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006Arrays
    • G02B3/0037Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G02B3/0056Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along two different directions in a plane, e.g. honeycomb arrangement of lenses
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/324Reliefs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/342Moiré effects
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/351Translucent or partly translucent parts, e.g. windows
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/373Metallic materials
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/18Diffraction gratings
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20Filters
    • G02B5/28Interference filters
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20Filters
    • G02B5/28Interference filters
    • G02B5/284Interference filters of etalon type comprising a resonant cavity other than a thin solid film, e.g. gas, air, solid plates
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/12Beam splitting or combining systems operating by refraction only

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optical component, in particular to a security film which can display dynamic enlarged images of different colors, and is applied to public safety fields such as brand safety, card tickets, security documents, printing and packaging materials. Background technique
  • micro-optical components based on the Moir's magnification principle are capable of magnifying micron-scale images by hundreds of times to form MM-recognizable images, and at the same time, the rendered images can have dynamic effects as the viewing angle changes, especially in finance.
  • the focus of the field is achieved by using the Moir's magnification principle.
  • US 2008/0037131 A1 proposes to apply a micro-convex lens array and a micro-pattern array to a security device, wherein the micro-pattern array is obtained by gravure printing with a minimum resolution of 5 micrometers, and the main production method is on a flexible film such as PET.
  • the photoresist is coated, and a groove having a depth of several micrometers is imprinted on the surface of the photoresist by a relief with a microtext, and the ink is filled into the groove by a doctor blade method, so that the microtext displays the corresponding color.
  • the color of the image is obtained by filling the color ink in the groove, and the micro-text is single color, and cannot form a color display;
  • the micro-image feature size is several micrometers, and the general printing ink particle is A few tens of micrometers, therefore, a special grade of nano-scale ink can be used as a fill color ink; in order to make enough ink to be filled into the groove, to improve the contrast between the micro-text and the background, the groove depth will be greater than 3 microns Therefore, it is necessary to make a large aspect ratio metal embossing template, which is When the surface dynamic image is produced, the process difficulty is improved.
  • JetScr e en2000 is an inkjet print head with 256 nozzles, which provides 700dpi resolution. Image output; Autoanda Sri.'s subsidiary Amanda introduces the new thermal inkjet printer DigitAll for 720 x 720dpi resolution image output; in digital screen printing, Scitex's new ultra-wide format Grandj et press The resolution is 370 x 370dpi; Nur's Fresco press can achieve 720dpi resolution.
  • Chinese invention patent CN101850680A discloses a security film with dynamic stereoscopic effect, by randomly distributing the central coordinates of each microlens in the microlens array layer within the microlens array layer, microlenses and micrographs in the microlens array layer
  • the micro-texts in the text layer are set one by one. It is pointed out that each micro-text can be composed of micro-nanostructures and directly fabricated by UV imprinting on organic thin film materials.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an optical film capable of realizing a micro-text color dynamic image effect under a color background, and at the same time, providing a structure and implementation method of a variable color dynamic optical film, increasing the optical effect of image recognition, and improving the threshold of anti-counterfeiting technology. .
  • a color dynamic amplification security film comprising a microlens array layer, a substrate layer and a microtext layer, wherein the microtext layer is composed of a background area and a graphic area
  • the image layer is distributed in the background area
  • the micro-text layer is a semi-transparent and semi-transverse metal layer, a dielectric layer and a metal thin film layer from the top to the bottom, and the metal thin film layer is a planar structure.
  • the thickness of the dielectric layer in the image area is greater than the thickness of the dielectric layer in the background area, and the thickness of the transflective metal layer is uniform, and the upper surface of the dielectric layer is contoured and embedded under the substrate layer.
  • the semipermeable metal layer, the dielectric layer and the metal thin film layer constitute a microcavity interference structure.
  • the above technical solution is composed of a microlens array portion and a microcavity interference structure which are in accordance with the Moir amplification condition, and the color microtext on the background color is obtained by the microcavity interference structure, and is amplified by the microlens array.
  • the micro-images and microlens arrays are arranged in a condition that is in accordance with the moiré magnification, and an image magnified hundreds of times can be obtained, and dynamic effects such as "upward floating", “sinking", “deformation”, and “homomorphic vision” can be realized. Since the pupil is generated by the microcavity interference structure, there is a high contrast between the dynamic pattern and the pattern background.
  • the thickness of the metal thin film layer is greater than 20 nm, and the thickness of the transflective metal layer is less than 100 nm.
  • the upper surface of the dielectric layer in the image area is provided with a grating structure, and a portion of the grating structure is disposed to form a micro-nano grating structure, so that the dynamic light of the image changes.
  • each of the microlens units has one or more microtext units in corresponding regions of the microtext layer.
  • micro-image units corresponding to the adjacent microlens units respectively adopt a microcavity interference structure or a nano grating structure
  • microcavity interference structure corresponding to the micro-image unit corresponding to the adjacent microlens unit has different cavity thicknesses or different parameters of the nano-grating structure used
  • the plurality of micro-image units corresponding to the microlens unit respectively adopt a microcavity interference structure or a nano grating structure
  • microcavity interference structures used in the corresponding plurality of micro-image units in the microlens unit have different cavity thicknesses or different parameters of the nano-grating structure.
  • the micro-cavity interference structure is used to form micro-images or characters by nano-imprinting and evaporation methods, and the micro-cavity colorization is realized by the thickness variation of the micro-cavity interference structure, and the micro-cavities of different thicknesses can be fabricated on the enamel layer by the same method.
  • the interference structure which realizes a different color display method from the microtext image, may be prepared by using a micro-nano imprinting die to press a pit structure corresponding to the shape of the upper surface of the substrate on the lower surface of the substrate layer, and then evaporating a layer Semi-transparent metal film, re-plating medium The layer is filled with pits and plated to the desired thickness, and finally the metal film layer is evaporated.
  • a protective layer may be further plated on the surface of the metal film layer as needed.
  • the security film obtained by the above technical solution has the following visual recognition features: (1) the dynamic image and the image background have different colors; (2) the dynamic image has different colors in different regions (by the microcavity interference structure (3) The dynamic image background has different colors in different regions (determined by the thickness of the microcavity interference structure); (4) The dynamic image background can be a static color or monochrome image; (5) Through the nanostructure Design, dynamic image background color or image has photochromic features, showing different colors in different angle ranges; (6) Through the design of nanostructures, dynamic image background color or image has multi-channel features, showing different colors in different viewing planes . (7) Through the design of nanostructures, the dynamic image background color or image has polarization selectivity and displays different colors under different polarizations; (8) Through the design of nanostructures, micro color effects can be observed in the same lens unit. Graphic.
  • red (R), green (G), and blue (B) colors are obtained by changing the dielectric layer thickness or the dielectric grating groove depth or the grating structure parameters.
  • the three-pixel pixels are combined to form three color pixels of R, G, and B, and the background layer provides contrast color or transparent colorless, and the dynamic image magnified by the microlens array has a color changing effect.
  • the combination includes, but is not limited to, three units, the color including but not limited to 13 ⁇ 4, G, B, the nanostructures include, but are not limited to, microcavity interference structures, and the color block or pattern structure scheme is In addition to changing the grating structure parameters to change the color output, the change in the polarization state of the incident light, the change in the grating orientation or the viewing plane, or the color display in the range of different incident angles is also different.
  • the above layers may be combined to form a dynamic magnifying optical film of different color variations.
  • the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
  • the microtext layer of the present invention comprises a microcavity interference structure by at least three layers of structures, and the color of the microtext can be flexibly realized by changing the thickness of the cavity (dielectric layer) or by changing the structural parameters of the micro-nano grating pass.
  • the precision of the microstructure made by imprinting has reached the nanometer level, and the micro-texture of 1 -2 ⁇ precision can be realized; the imprinting method can also be utilized as an effective means for large-scale rapid production.
  • the invention realizes color output of micro-text based on microcavity interference structure or micro-nano grating, It can meet the Moir amplification condition under the microlens array, and can realize the dynamic dynamic magnification output of the micro-text in the color background; it also meets the needs of rapid production; the color change, the homomorphic image, etc. can be obtained through the design and change of the structure.
  • the optical effect, the visual recognition feature is significantly improved compared with the existing monochrome security element, and its anti-counterfeiting performance is enhanced.
  • the background color microcavity interference structure can be synchronously completed, simplifying Process flow; More importantly, the technical thresholds related to nanostructure manufacturing, thin film interference, etc., have also been significantly improved, providing an important color optical viewing solution for optical security thin film devices.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1;
  • Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the first embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a microcavity interference structure in the first embodiment
  • Figure 5 is a three-color reflection spectrum at 60 ° in the first embodiment
  • FIG. 6 to FIG. 10 are schematic diagrams showing states of each step in the embossing process of the first embodiment
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view of the second embodiment
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment
  • Figure 13 is a four cavity thickness reflection spectrum in the second embodiment
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view of the third embodiment
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view of the fourth embodiment
  • Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view of the fourth embodiment
  • Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the structure of a micro-nano grating
  • Figure 18 is a schematic view of the fifth embodiment
  • Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view of the fifth embodiment
  • Figure 20 is a reflection spectrum of a micro-nano grating under TM polarization at different viewing angles
  • Figure 21 is a reflection spectrum of micro-nano gratings in different viewing planes under TM polarization
  • Figure 22 is a reflection spectrum of a micro-nano grating under TE polarization at different viewing angles
  • Figure 23 is a reflection spectrum of micro-nano gratings in different viewing planes under TE polarization
  • Figure 24 is a reflection spectrum of the microcavity interference structure at different viewing angles. detailed description
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the micro-text pixel of the embodiment.
  • 220 is the lower surface of the substrate
  • 221 is the horizontal plane where the micro-text B exists
  • 222 is the horizontal plane where the micro-text A exists
  • 223 is half.
  • a nickel thin film is used
  • 230 is a dielectric material filling layer having a refractive index of 1.5
  • 231 is a highly reflective metal thin film layer.
  • a metal aluminum film layer is used.
  • the microcavity interference structure that constitutes the color microtext layer and the color background layer is as shown in FIG.
  • 231 is a metal A1 film
  • 230 is a medium having a refractive index of 1.5
  • 223 is a metal Ni film
  • the color output of R, G, and B colors is realized by changing the thickness of the microcavity 230.
  • FIG. 2 when the thickness of 230 is 210 nm, the reflected light is red; when the thickness of 230 is 165 nm, the reflected light is green; when the thickness of 230 is 130 nm, the reflected light is blue, and the three-color reflection spectrum is attached.
  • Figure 4 shows.
  • the reflected light appears yellow; when the thickness of 230 is 165 nm, the reflected light appears blue; when the thickness of 230 is 130 nm, the reflected light appears purple, as shown in FIG. .
  • the microcavity interference structure can be adjusted by the mold step of the imprint micropattern, so that the different micropatterns of the imprint obtain different microcavity thicknesses, as shown in Fig. 6 to Fig. 10.
  • the imprinting die 50 has steps 501 and 502 of different heights, and two groove depths are imprinted on the lower surface 220 of the substrate 21.
  • the grooves 511 and 512 are 45 nm and 90, respectively. Nm, then as shown in Fig. 8, a 10 nm thick nickel film 52 is deposited, and the plating medium is filled with pits and then plated with a 130 nm thick dielectric layer 530, as shown in Fig.
  • microcavity interference structure forming the background color can be obtained while fabricating the microcavity interference structure constituting the micrograph layer.
  • the microtext A in the micrograph layer consists of a 10 nm nickel film, a 210 nm thick dielectric cavity, and a 20 nm thick layer.
  • the aluminum layer consists of a 10 nm nickel film, a 165 nm thick dielectric cavity, and a 20 nm thick aluminum layer.
  • the background layer consists of a 10 nm nickel film, a 130 nm thick dielectric cavity, and a 20 nm thick aluminum layer.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the color filter microcavity interference structures of the three colors of R, G, and B are imprinted on the corresponding microtexture regions of the microlens array, as shown in FIG. 11: 20.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment.
  • 220 is the lower surface of the substrate
  • 621 is the horizontal plane where the micro-text A exists
  • 622 is the horizontal plane where the micro-text B exists
  • 623 is the micro-text C.
  • 223 is a semi-transflective metal layer
  • 230 is a dielectric material filling layer having a refractive index of 1.49
  • 231 is a total reflection metal layer.
  • the dielectric material filling layer is PMMA having a refractive index of 1.49
  • the transflective metal layer is a metal Cr film
  • the corresponding microcavity interference structure is fabricated in a similar manner to the process shown in Figures 6 to 10.
  • the imprinting die imprints three groove depths of 196 nm, 156 nm and 116 nm on the substrate, and then evaporates a layer of 6 nm.
  • a thick Cr film, after filling with PMMA medium, is vapor-deposited with a 30 nm thick aluminum film and finally coated with a protective layer as needed.
  • the micro-text A in the micro-text layer is composed of a microcavity interference structure composed of a 6 nm thick Cr film, a 210 nm thick PMMA and a 30 nm thick aluminum film.
  • the microtext B consists of a 6 nm thick Cr film, a 170 nm thick PMMA and 30 Micro-cavity interference structure composed of nm thick aluminum film
  • micro-text C consists of micro-cavity interference structure composed of 6 nm thick Cr film, 130 nm thick PMMA and 30 nm thick aluminum film.
  • the background layer consists of 6 nm thick Cr film, 20
  • the composition of the microcavity interference structure composed of nm thick PMMA and 30 nm thick aluminum film, so that the dynamic enlargement pattern of the micrograph layer is red under the white background A, green B and blue C color text array.
  • Embodiment 3 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 3
  • micrograph layer On the micrograph layer, an imprinting technique is used to obtain a micrograph layer composed of a cavity-cavity microcavity interference structure. After the semi-transparent metal film is plated, the plated dielectric layer fills the embossed groove deeply and then The fully reflective metal film layer is plated to obtain a monochromatic micro-text layer and a background layer, and the color of the micro-text layer is different from the color of the background layer. As shown in FIG.
  • a micro-text 821 of a certain depth is imprinted on the lower surface of the substrate, a semi-transflective metal layer 822 is plated, and a dielectric thin film layer 830 is plated, and then a total reflection metal film layer 831 is evaporated, and then It is necessary to cover a layer of media as a protective layer.
  • both the micro-text layer and the background layer are displayed as a single color, and the colors of the two are different, and different color displays can be selected according to requirements, for example, the micro-text dynamic enlargement pattern has a shorter color wavelength (bluish), the background The color has a longer wavelength (reddish), which makes the color of the dynamically magnified graphic different from the background color, and presents a blue display on a red background.
  • Embodiment 4 By placing different micro-patterns on the left and right sides of the central axis of the microlens, different enlarged patterns can be observed from different viewing angles; by adjusting the thickness of the micro-cavities of the left and right micro-patterns, the observation is made under different fields of view.
  • the magnified graphics have different colors.
  • micrographs A and B are placed on the left and right sides of the central axis of the microlens, respectively, and the cross-sectional view is as shown in FIG. 16, in the microtext layer 92.
  • the left side 921 of the central axis of the microlens is the horizontal position of the microtext A
  • the right side 922 of the central axis of the microlens is the horizontal position of the microtext B
  • the 923 is a semitransparent metal film layer, such as a nickel film of 6 nm
  • 930 It is a dielectric film layer, such as MgF2
  • 931 is a total reflection metal layer, such as a 30 nm thick silver film.
  • the micro-text A and the micro-text B are separated from the left and right sides of the central axis of the microlens, and the micro-text A, the micro-text B, and the background layer are composed of microcavity interference structures of different cavity thicknesses, and the three colors respectively exhibit different colors.
  • the human eye observes the dynamic magnification of the two micro-texts A and B in the same background color in the same microlens unit above the microlens array, and the displayed micro-text A and micro-text B are different in color. The same vision effect.
  • Embodiment 5 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 5:
  • the micro-nano grating structure as shown in FIG. 17 is used to simultaneously realize the color display of the micro-text layer and the background layer, wherein 100 is a total reflection metal film, 101 is a medium, 102 is a dielectric grating, 103 is The transflective film, the distance between the corresponding positions of adjacent ridges in 102 is the grating period.
  • the color output of the three colors of R, G, and B is achieved by changing the thickness of the microcavities 101 and 102.
  • the micro-text color dynamic display with background color is realized.
  • the scheme is shown in Fig. 18.
  • the cross-sectional view is shown in Fig. 19, where 1120 is the lower surface of the substrate, and the surface of the substrate is micro.
  • the embossing groove of the corresponding area of the lens is as deep as 1122.
  • the groove has a width width of ⁇ 5 ⁇ m and a depth of 65 nm.
  • the dielectric grating structure of the dielectric grating structure 1121 with a depth of 240 nm and a depth of 240 nm is printed on the 1122, and then sequentially plated with 10 nm.
  • the micro-text A is composed of a 10 nm transflective metal layer, a 230 nm dielectric grating layer, a 230 nm dielectric layer and a 20 nm total reflection metal film.
  • the reflection spectrum under TM polarization is shown in Fig. 20, When observed within 40°, the micro-text A appears red; when viewed at an angle of ⁇ 60°, the micro-text A has no obvious color characteristics.
  • 0° in Fig.
  • the reflectance spectrum under the TE polarization is shown in Fig. 22.
  • the reflectance in the visible light region changes little, and there is no obvious color characteristic.
  • the corresponding background is a microcavity interference structure composed of a 10 nm transflective metal layer, a 165 nm dielectric layer and a 20 nm total reflection metal thin film layer.
  • the reflection spectrum is shown in Fig. 24, as the incident angle increases. The color shifts from green to blue. When viewed vertically, the background appears green; when viewed at 40°, the background appears blue-green; when viewed at 60°, the background appears blue.
  • the two are combined, and the red text A in the green background is displayed under vertical observation; the red text A in the blue-green background is displayed under the observation angle of 40°; the black text A in the blue background is displayed under the observation angle of 60° .
  • the red text A in the blue-green background was observed under TM polarized light illumination
  • the white character A in the blue-green background was observed under TE polarized light illumination, showing significant polarization splitting characteristics.
  • the TM polarized light exhibits a red micro-text A in a blue-green background at an observation angle of 40°
  • the TM polarized light has a blue-green background at an observation angle of 40°.
  • the white micro-text A in the display shows significant dual-channel characteristics.
  • the micro-text can be a combination of various forms of text, image or text image; in the above embodiments, the color change features can be freely combined to realize color modulation of the dynamic micro-text with background color.

Abstract

一种彩色动态放大安全薄膜,包括微透镜阵列层(20)、基材层(21)和微图文层(22)。微图文层由背景区和图文区构成,图文区分布在背景区中。微图文层由上而下依次为半透半反金属层(223)、介质层(230)和金属薄膜层(231)。金属薄膜层为平面结构,图文区的介质层厚度大于背景区的介质层厚度。半透半反金属层厚度一致,在介质层上表面仿形设置,并嵌设在基材层的下表面(220)。半透半反金属层、介质层和金属薄膜层构成微腔干涉结构。该彩色动态放大安全薄膜可灵活实现微图文的彩色化输出,可利用压印方式作为大规模快速生产的有效手段,为光学安全薄膜器件提供一种重要的彩色化光学视读方案。

Description

一 种 彩 色 动 态 放 大 安 全 薄
技术领域
本发明涉及一种光学元件, 具体涉及一种可显示不同彩色动态放大图像 的安全薄膜, 应用于品牌安全、 证卡票券、 安全文件、 印刷包装材料等 公共安全领域。 背景技术
由于证卡票券、 品牌商品和重要安全文件涉及到公共安全和 /或重要经济 利益, 需要在其中不断应用新技术、 新材料和新概念, 以保持防伪技术 领先于伪造者。 同时, 由于证卡票券、 商品主要在公众领域流通, 其光 学防伪技术的主要要求之一即是易于公众识别。 基于激光全息技术的光 学可变图像因其视觉效果明显, 被用于证卡、 护照、 钞票、 债券等的防 伪识别, 但是, 随着激光全息技术的普及, 普通光学可变图像的防伪功 效逐步降低。
近年来, 基于莫尔放大原理的微光学元件能够将微米级图像放大数百倍, 形成毫米级的可识别图像, 同时, 呈现的图像能够随着观察视角的改变 而具有动态效果, 尤其受到金融领域的关注。
美 国 专 禾 IJ 和 专 禾 ϋ 中 it US5712731 、 US2005/0180020A1 以 及
US2008/0037131A1中提出将微凸透镜阵列与微图形阵列结合应用于安全 器件, 其中的微图形阵列是通过凹版印刷的方式得到, 最小分辨率为 5 微米, 主要制作方法是, 在 PET等柔性薄膜上涂布光刻胶, 用带有微图 文的凸版在光刻胶表面压印深度为数微米深的凹槽, 通过刮涂方式将油 墨填入凹槽, 使得微图文显示相应的颜色。 在这种微图文制作方法中, 图像的色彩是通过在凹槽中填充颜色油墨获得的, 微图文颜色单一, 不 能形成彩色化显示; 微图文特征尺寸为数微米, 一般印刷油墨颗粒为几 十个微米, 因此, 需特殊制作的纳米级油墨才能作为填充颜色油墨; 为 了使得足够多的油墨被填入凹槽, 提高微图文与背景之间的对比度, 凹 槽深度将大于 3 微米, 从而, 需要制作大深宽比金属压印模板, 在大幅 面动态图像制作时, 提高了其工艺难度。
若以传统的印刷方式制作彩色微图文, 以 Luscher 公司的大幅面丝网和 胶印版的顶级成像系统 JetScreen2000为例, 其具有 256个喷嘴构成的喷 墨印刷头, 可提供 700dpi分辨率图像的输出; Autoprint Sri. 公司的子 公司 Amanda推出新型的热敏喷墨打印机 DigitAll , 可实现 720 x720dpi 的分辨率图像输出; 在数字丝网印刷方面, Scitex 的新型超宽幅面 Grandj et印刷机分辨率为 370 x370dpi ; Nur公司的 Fresco印刷机可达到 720dpi的分辨率。因此, 以目前打印或印刷的技术水平,不能实现 1-2 μιη 分辨的微图文制作, 从而不具有实现莫尔放大的精度, 而且低效的打印 方式也很难实现微图文的批量化、 低成本制作。
中国发明专利 CN101850680A公开了一种具有动态立体效果的安全薄膜, 通过将微透镜阵列层内的各微透镜的中心坐标在微透镜阵列层内随机分 布, 微透镜阵列层内的微透镜与微图文层内的微图文一一对应设置实现。 其中指出, 每个微图文可由微纳米结构组成, 通过紫外压印在有机薄膜 材料上直接制作实现。
然而, 由于金融防伪产品通常要求在普通自然反射光下观察, 因此, 动 态图案和图案背景应当具有较高的对比度, 或图像具有色彩与灰度变化, 以及具有定向图像显示等易识别的视觉特征。 CN101850680A中采用普通 微纳米结构实现的微图文, 只能通过印刷方式增加背景色, 影响对比度, 难以满足上述要求。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种可实现颜色背景下的微图文彩色动态图像效果 的光学薄膜, 同时, 提供变色彩动态光学膜的结构及实现方法, 增加图 像识别的光学效果, 提高防伪技术门槛。
为实现上述发明目的, 本发明采用的技术方案是: 一种彩色动态放大安 全薄膜, 包括微透镜阵列层、 基材层和微图文层, 所述微图文层由背景 区和图文区构成, 所述图文区分布于背景区中, 所述微图文层由上自下 依次为半透半反金属层、 介质层和金属薄膜层, 金属薄膜层为平面结构, 所述图文区的介质层厚度大于所述背景区的介质层厚度, 所述半透半反 金属层厚度一致, 在介质层上表面仿形设置, 并嵌设在所述基材层的下 表面; 所述半透半反金属层、 介质层和金属薄膜层构成微腔干涉结构。 上述技术方案由符合莫尔放大条件的微透镜阵列部分和微腔干涉结构两 部分构成, 通过微腔干涉结构获得在背景色基础上的彩色微图文, 并由 微透镜阵列放大。 微图文与微透镜阵列以符合莫尔放大的条件排列 , 可 获得放大数百倍的图像, 并能够实现 "上浮"、 "下沉"、 "变形"、 "同位 异像" 等动态效果。 由于通过微腔干涉结构生成冃 , 因此, 动态图案 和图案背景之间具有较高的对比度。
上述技术方案中, 所述金属薄膜层的厚度大于 20 nm, 半透半反金属层的 厚度小于 l OOnm
进一步的技术方案, 所述图文区的介质层上表面设置有光栅结构 在设 置光栅结构的部分, 构成微纳米光栅结构, 从而可 像的动 光变 变化。
上述技术方案中 , 每一所述微透镜单元在微图文层的对应区域, 存在一 个或多个微图文单元。
所述相邻微透镜单元所对应的微图文单元分别采用微腔干涉结构或纳米 光栅结构
所述相邻微透镜单元对应的微图文单元采用的微腔干涉结构的腔厚不同 或采用的纳米光栅结构的参数不同,
所述微透镜单元所对应的多个微图文单元分别采用微腔干涉结构或纳米 光栅结构
所述微透镜单元内对应的多个微图文单元采用的微腔干涉结构的腔厚不 同或采用的纳米光栅结构的参数不同。
通过纳米压印和蒸镀方法制作微腔干涉结构组成微图像或文字, 利用微 腔干涉结构的厚度变化实现微图文的彩色化, 亦可利用相同方法在冃 层上制作不同厚度的微腔干涉结构, 实现与微图文不同的颜色显示 种制备方法可以是, 利用微纳压印模头在基材层的下表面压制与介质. 上表面形状对应的凹坑结构, 然后蒸镀一层半透半反金属膜, 再镀介质 层填平凹坑并镀至所需厚度, 最后蒸镀金属薄膜层。 根据需要, 可以在 金属薄膜层表面再镀上一层保护层。
采用上述技术方案获得的安全薄膜, 其具有的视觉识别特征表现为: (1) 动态图像与图像背景具有不同色彩; (2)动态图像在不同区域内具有不同 的色彩(由微腔干涉结构的厚度决定); (3)动态图像背景在不同区域具有 不同色彩(由微腔干涉结构的厚度决定); (4)动态图像背景可以是静态的 彩色或单色图像; (5) 通过纳米结构的设计, 动态图像背景色彩或图像具 有光变色特征, 在不同角度范围内显示不同色彩; (6) 通过纳米结构的设 计, 动态图像背景色彩或图像具有多通道特征, 在不同观察平面内显示 不同色彩。 (7) 通过纳米结构的设计, 动态图像背景色彩或图像具有偏振 选择性, 在不同偏振下显示不同色彩; (8) 通过纳米结构的设计, 在同一 透镜单元内可观察到不同色彩效果的微图文。
上述方案中, 通过改变介质层厚或者介质光栅槽深或者光栅结构参数分 别获得红 (R)、 绿 (G)、 蓝 (B ) 颜色。 以三个单元像素为组合, 分别 形成 R、 G、 B三色像素, 背景层提供对比颜色或透明无色, 经过微透镜 阵列放大的动态图像具有变彩色效果。 所述组合包括但不限于三个单元, 所述颜色包括但不限于 1¾、 G、 B三色, 所述纳米结构包括但不限于微腔 干涉结构, 并且所述色块或图案的结构方案除改变光栅结构参数改变颜 色输出外, 入射光偏振状态的改变、 光栅取向或观察平面的变化或者不 同的入射角度范围下的颜色显示也不同。
上述各层可以形成相互的组合, 以提供不同色彩变化的动态放大光学薄 膜。
由于上述技术方案运用, 本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点:
1 . 本发明的微图文层由至少三层结构构成微腔干涉结构, 通过改变腔体 (介质层) 厚度、 或者通过微纳光栅通的结构参数变化, 可灵活实现微 图文的彩色化输出; 同时, 通过压印方式制作微结构的精度已到纳米级, 可实现 1 -2 μιη精度的微图文制作; 还可利用压印方式作为大规模快速生 产的有效手段。
2 . 本发明基于微腔干涉结构或微纳光栅实现微图文的彩色化输出, 不仅 能满足微透镜阵列下的莫尔放大条件, 更能实现彩色背景下的微图文彩 色动态放大输出; 还满足了快速生产的需要; 通过结构的设计与改变可 获得光变色、 同位异像等光学效果, 视觉识别特征比现有单色安全元件 有显著提升, 增强其防伪性能; 在制作微图文微腔共振或微纳米光栅结 构时, 能同步完成背景色微腔干涉结构的制作, 简化工艺流程; 更重要 的是, 涉及到纳米结构制造、 薄膜干涉等重要技术手段, 技术门槛亦得 以显著提高, 为光学安全薄膜器件提供一种重要的彩色化光学视读方案。 附图说明
图 1是实施例一结构示意图;
图 2是实施例一局部剖面图;
图 3是实施例一中微腔干涉结构示意图;
图 4是实施例一中红、 绿、 蓝三色反射光谱;
图 5是实施例一中 60 ° 下三色反射光谱;
图 6至图 10是实施例一压印过程中各步骤状态示意图;
图 11是实施例二示意图;
图 12是实施例二剖面图;
图 13是实施例二中四种腔厚反射光谱;
图 14是实施例三示意图;
图 15是实施例四示意图;
图 16是实施例四剖面图;
图 17是微纳米光栅结构示意图;
图 18是实施例五示意图;
图 19是实施例五剖面图;
图 20是 TM偏振下微纳米光栅在不同观察角下的反射光谱;
图 21是 TM偏振下微纳米光栅在不同观察平面内的反射光谱;
图 22是 TE偏振下微纳米光栅在不同观察角下的反射光谱;
图 23是 TE偏振下微纳米光栅在不同观察平面内的反射光谱;
图 24微腔干涉结构在不同观察角下的反射光谱。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步描述:
实施例一:
将 R、 B两色的滤色微腔干涉结构压印在微透镜阵列对应的微图文区域, 如附图 1 所示: 20、 微透镜阵列结构层; 21、 基材薄膜; 22、 彩色微图 文层; 23、 颜色背景层。 根据莫尔放大原理, 形成彩色动态放大图案。 该实施例微文字像素点剖面图如附图 2所示, 彩色图文层 22中 220为基 材下表面, 221为微文字 B存在的水平面,222为微文字 A存在的水平面, 223为半透半反金属薄膜层,本实施例中采用镍薄膜, 230为折射率为 1.5 的介质材料填充层, 231为高反射金属薄膜层, 本实施例中采用金属铝膜 层。
这样组成彩色微图文层和颜色背景层的微腔干涉结构如图 3所示。当 231 为金属 A1薄膜, 230为折射率为 1.5的介质, 223为金属 Ni薄膜时, 通 过改变微腔 230的厚度来实现 R、 G、 B三色的颜色输出。 如附图 2所示, 当 230厚度为 210nm时, 反射光呈现红色; 当 230厚度为 165nm时, 反 射光呈现绿色; 当 230厚度为 130nm时, 反射光呈现蓝色, 三色反射光 谱如附图 4所示。 在 60 ° 观察角下, 当 230厚度为 210nm时, 反射光呈 现黄色; 当 230厚度为 165nm时,反射光呈现蓝色; 当 230厚度为 130nm 时, 反射光呈现紫色, 如附图 5所示。
微腔干涉结构可通过压印微图形的模具台阶调整, 使得压印的不同微图 形获得不同的微腔厚度, 如图 6至图 10所示。 参见图 6, 压印模头 50具 有不同高度的台阶 501和 502,在基材 21下表面 220上压印出两种槽深, 参见图 7, 凹槽 511和 512深度分别为 45 nm和 90 nm , 然后如图 8所示 蒸镀一层 10nm厚的镍膜 52, 镀介质填平凹坑后再镀上 130 nm厚介质层 530, 如图 9, 然后蒸镀一层 20 nm厚铝层 531, 如图 10所示, 最后根据 需要镀上一层保护层。 在此工艺流程下, 可在制作组成微图文层的微腔 干涉结构的同时获得形成背景色的微腔干涉结构。
因此, 微图文层中微文字 A由 10 nm镍膜、 210 nm厚介质腔和 20 nm厚 铝层组成, 微文字 B分别为由 10 nm镍膜、 165 nm厚介质腔和 20 nm厚 铝层组成,背景层由 10 nm镍膜、 130 nm厚介质腔和 20 nm厚铝层组成, 从而垂直方向观察时微图文层的动态放大图形呈现出蓝色背景下的红色 字母 A 和绿色字母 B ; 60 ° 观察角下, 微图文层的动态放大图形呈现出 紫色背景下的黄色字母 A和蓝色字母 B。
实施例二:
将 R、 G、 B三色的滤色微腔干涉结构压印在微透镜阵列对应的微图文区 域, 如附图 11所示: 20、 微透镜阵列结构层; 21、 基材薄膜; 22、 彩色 微图文层, 该层中存在字母 A、 B和 C组成的微文字阵列; 23、 无色背 景层, 根据莫尔放大原理, 形成彩色动态放大图案。
该实施例剖面图如附图 12所示, 彩色图文层 22 中 220为基材下表面, 621为微文字 A存在的水平面, 622为微文字 B存在的水平面, 623为微 文字 C存在的水平面, 223为半透半反金属层, 230为折射率为 1.49的介 质材料填充层, 231为全反射金属层。
以微腔干涉结构为例, 当全反射金属层为金属 A1薄膜, 介质材料填充层 为折射率是 1.49的 PMMA, 半透半反金属层为金属 Cr薄膜时, 通过改 变微腔的厚度来实现 R、 G、 B三色的颜色输出。 当微腔厚度为 210 nm 时, 反射光呈现红色; 当微腔厚度为 170 nm时, 反射光呈现绿色; 当微 腔厚度为 130 nm时, 反射光呈现蓝色, 当微腔厚度为 20 nm时, 反射光 无明显的颜色输出, 如附图 13所示。 其相应的微腔干涉结构制作方法类 似于图 6至图 10所示流程, 压印模头在基材上压印出 196 nm、 156 nm 和 116nm三种槽深, 然后蒸镀一层 6 nm厚的 Cr膜, 用 PMMA介质填 平后, 蒸镀一层 30 nm厚铝膜, 最后根据需要镀上一层保护层。
使微图文层中微文字 A由 6 nm厚 Cr膜、 210 nm厚 PMMA和 30 nm厚 铝膜构成的微腔干涉结构组成, 微文字 B 由 6 nm厚 Cr膜、 170 nm厚 PMMA和 30 nm厚铝膜构成的微腔干涉结构组成, 微文字 C由 6 nm厚 Cr膜、 130 nm厚 PMMA和 30 nm厚铝膜构成的微腔干涉结构组成, 背 景层由 6 nm厚 Cr膜、 20 nm厚 PMMA和 30 nm厚铝膜构成的微腔干涉 结构组成, 从而使得微图文层的动态放大图形的呈现白色背景下的红色 A、 绿色 B和蓝色 C的彩色文字阵列。
实施例三:
在微图文层上利用压印技术获得由一种腔厚的微腔干涉结构组成的微图 文层, 镀半透半反金属薄膜后, 镀介质膜层将压印槽深填平后再镀全反 射金属薄膜层, 从而获得单色的微图文层和背景层, 微图文层的颜色与 背景层的颜色不同。 如图 14所示, 在基材下表面压印一定深度的微图文 821, 镀半透半反金属层 822, 镀介质薄膜层 830后再蒸镀一层全反射金 属薄膜层 831, 再根据需要覆盖一层介质作为保护层。 这样, 微图文层与 背景层均显示为单一的颜色, 且两者的颜色不同, 可以根据需要选择不 同的颜色显示, 例如微图文动态放大图形的颜色偏短波长 (偏蓝), 背景 颜色偏长波长 (偏红), 从而使得动态放大图形的颜色与背景颜色不同, 呈现出红色背景下的蓝色显示。
实施例四: 通过在微透镜中心轴的左右两旁, 放置不同的微图形, 可以 不同视角下观察到不同的放大图形; 通过对左右微图形的微腔厚度的调 整, 左右不同视场下观察得到的放大图形的颜色不同。
如图 15所示, 在微透镜 90对应的微图文区域 92, 微透镜中心轴的左右 两旁分别放置了微图文 A和 B, 其剖面图如图 16所示, 在微图文层 92 上, 微透镜中心轴的左边 921 为微文字 A的水平位置, 微透镜中心轴的 右边 922为微文字 B的水平位置, 923为半透半反金属薄膜层, 如 6 nm 的镍膜, 930为介质薄膜层, 如 MgF2, 931为全反射金属层, 如 30 nm 厚银膜。
这样, 微文字 A、 微文字 B分居微透镜中心轴的左右两旁, 微文字 A、 微文字 B 以及背景层由不同腔厚的微腔干涉结构组成, 三者分别呈现不 同的颜色。 人眼在微透镜阵列的上方观察到同一个微透镜单元内相同背 景色下的两种微文字 A和 B的颜色动态放大图形, 并且所显示的微文字 A和微文字 B的颜色不同, 呈同位异像效果。
实施例五:
采用如图 17 所示微纳米光栅结构同时实现微图文层和背景层的颜色显 示, 其中 100为全反射金属薄膜, 101为介质, 102为介质光栅, 103为 半透半反金属薄膜, 102中相邻脊区对应位置之间的距离为光栅周期。 通 过改变微腔 101和 102的厚度来实现 R、 G、 B三色的颜色输出。
与微透镜阵列相结合实现带背景色的微图文彩色放大动态显示, 此方案 如图 18所示, 其剖面图如图 19所示, 其中 1120为基材下表面, 在基材 下表面微透镜对应区域压印槽深至 1122, 该槽深宽度尺寸<5微米, 深 65 nm ; 再在 1122上压印周期为 250 nm、 深度为 240 nm的介质光栅结构 1121, 然后依次镀 10 nm半透半反金属镍薄膜 1123、 165 nm介质膜 1130 和 20 nm全反射金属薄膜 1131。 由此微文字 A即由 10 nm半透半反金属 层、 230 nm介质光栅层、 230 nm介质层和 20 nm全反射金属薄膜构成, 在 TM偏振下的反射光谱如图 20所示, 在 ±40°内观察时, 微文字 A呈现 红色; 在 ±60°角观察时, 微文字 A 无明显颜色特征。 在垂直光栅栅线的 平面内 (即图 19中的 φ=0° ), 40°度观察角下, 微文字 Α呈现红色, 在平 行光栅栅线的平面内 (即图 19中的 φ=90° ), 40°观察角下, 微文字 Α无 明显颜色特征, 表现出明显的双通道特性, 如图 21所示。
其 TE偏振下的反射光谱如图 22所示, 在不同观察角内, 其在可见光区 域的反射率变化较小, 无明显的颜色特征。 在垂直光栅栅线的平面内 (即 图 19中的 φ=0° ), 40°度观察角下, 微文字 Α无明显颜色特征, 在平行光 栅栅线的平面内 (即图 19中的 φ=90° ), 40°观察角下, 微文字 Α呈现红 色, 表现出明显的双通道特性, 如图 23所示。
相应的背景则为由 10 nm半透半反金属层、 165 nm介质层和 20 nm全反 射金属薄膜层组成的微腔干涉结构, 其反射光谱如图 24所示, 随着入射 角度的增大, 颜色从绿色向蓝色偏移, 垂直观察时, 背景呈现绿色; 40° 角观察时, 背景呈现蓝绿色; 60°角观察时, 背景呈现蓝色。
本实施例中两者相组合, 垂直观察下呈现绿色背景中红色文字 A ; 40°观 察角下呈现蓝绿色背景中的红色文字 A ; 60°观察角下呈现蓝色背景中的 黑色文字 A示。
在 40 ° 观察角下, TM偏振光照射下观察到蓝绿色背景中的红色文字 A, TE偏振光照射下观察到蓝绿色背景中的白色文字 A, 表现出明显的偏振 分束特性。 在垂直光栅栅线的平面内, TM偏振光 40°观察角下呈现蓝绿色背景中的 红色微文字 A显示, 在平行光栅栅线的平面内, TM偏振光 40°观察角下 呈现蓝绿色背景中的白色微文字 A显示, 表现出明显的双通道特性。 上述各实施例中微图文可以为各种形式的文字、 图像或文字图像组合; 上述各实施例中颜色变化特征, 可自由组合实现对带背景色动态微图文 的色彩调制。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种彩色动态放大安全薄膜, 包括微透镜阵列层、 基材层和微图文层, 所述各层之间满足莫尔放大成像条件, 其特征在于: 所述微图文层由背 景区和图文区构成, 所述图文区分布于背景区中, 所述微图文层由上自 下依次为半透半反金属层、 介质层和金属薄膜层, 金属薄膜层为平面结 构, 所述图文区的介质层厚度大于所述背景区的介质层厚度, 所述半透 半反金属层厚度一致, 在介质层上表面仿形设置, 并嵌设在所述基材层 的下表面; 所述半透半反金属层、 介质层和金属薄膜层构成微腔干涉结 构
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的彩色动态放大安全薄膜, 其特征在于: 所述金 属薄膜层的厚度大于 20纳米, 半透半反金属层的厚度小于 100纳米。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的彩色动态放大安全薄膜, 其特征在于: 所 述图文区的介质层上表面设置有光栅结构, 构成介质光栅层, 所述半透 半反金属层、 介质层、 介质光栅层和金属薄膜层构成纳米光栅结构。
4. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的彩色动态放大安全薄膜, 其特征在于: 每 所述微透镜单元在微图文层的对应区域, 存在一个或多个微图文单元。
5 . 根据权利要求 4所述的彩色动态放大安全薄膜, 其特征在于: 所述相 邻微透镜单元所对应的微图文单元分别采用微腔干涉结构或纳米光栅结 构
6. 根据权利要求 4所述的彩色动态放大安全薄膜, 其特征在于: 所述相 邻微透镜单元对应的微图文单元采用的微腔干涉结构的腔厚不同或采用 的纳米光栅结构的参数不同。
根据权利要求 4所述的彩色动态放大安全薄膜, 其特征在于: 所述微 镜单元所对应的多个微图文单元分别采用微腔干涉结构或纳米光栅结 构
8. 根据权利要求 4所述的彩色动态放大安全薄膜, 其特征在于: 所述微 透镜单元内对应的多个微图文单元采用的微腔干涉结构的腔厚不同或采 用的纳米光栅结构的参数不同。
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