WO2014014294A1 - Module de cellules solaires à film mince utilisant un sous-module - Google Patents

Module de cellules solaires à film mince utilisant un sous-module Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014014294A1
WO2014014294A1 PCT/KR2013/006452 KR2013006452W WO2014014294A1 WO 2014014294 A1 WO2014014294 A1 WO 2014014294A1 KR 2013006452 W KR2013006452 W KR 2013006452W WO 2014014294 A1 WO2014014294 A1 WO 2014014294A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
sub
solar cell
cell module
base plate
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Application number
PCT/KR2013/006452
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
김진혁
김진웅
유홍
Original Assignee
에스케이이노베이션 주식회사
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Publication of WO2014014294A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014014294A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/02002—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations
    • H01L31/02005—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/02008—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells or solar cell modules
    • H01L31/0201—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells or solar cell modules comprising specially adapted module bus-bar structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/0445—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells including thin film solar cells, e.g. single thin film a-Si, CIS or CdTe solar cells
    • H01L31/046—PV modules composed of a plurality of thin film solar cells deposited on the same substrate
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a thin-film solar cell module using a sub-module, and more particularly, in order to solve the reduction in efficiency caused by the decrease in uniformity of the thin film when manufacturing a large-area thin-film solar cell module or panel, It relates to a thin-film solar cell module and a manufacturing method by arranging the sub-modules of the.
  • a solar cell is a device that converts light into electricity using the properties of a semiconductor.
  • the solar cell is formed by joining a P (positive) type semiconductor and a N (negative) type semiconductor.
  • P positive
  • N negative
  • the substrate type is to use a semiconductor material itself such as silicon as a substrate
  • the thin film type is formed in the form of forming a semiconductor in a thin film form on a substrate such as glass or the like.
  • the efficiency is excellent, but there is a limit in reducing the thickness, and the cost of the substrate is high, resulting in a material cost increase during production.
  • Thin film solar cells are somewhat less efficient, but are more advantageous in terms of productivity, economy, etc., and have many advantages, such as the advantage of using a transparent material for a wide range of applications. have.
  • a thin film solar cell includes a substrate, an electrode layer formed on the substrate, an absorbing layer that absorbs light to generate electricity, a transmission layer through which light passes, and a superstrate covering and protecting the various layers as described above. It is made to include.
  • the absorption layer is a P-type semiconductor
  • the transmission layer is an N-type semiconductor
  • the absorption layer and the transmission layer has a P-N diode structure to generate electricity.
  • the voltage range generated in the P-N diode structure of the absorption layer and the transmission layer is generally known to be about 0.5 to 0.7V.
  • a higher voltage output must be implemented.
  • a thin film solar cell adopts a configuration in which unit cells having the structure described above are connected in series to increase an output voltage.
  • an object of the present invention is to reduce the efficiency caused by the uniformity of the thin film when manufacturing a large-area thin-film solar cell module or panel
  • an object of the present invention is to reduce the efficiency caused by the uniformity of the thin film when manufacturing a large-area thin-film solar cell module or panel
  • a thin-film solar cell module made by arranging sub-modules of a small area.
  • the base plate 110 is formed in the form of a flat plate; A plurality of sub-modules 10 arranged to be spaced apart from each other on the upper surface of the base plate 110, each sub-module 10 includes a plurality of sub-modules 10 including a substrate and a plurality of solar cells formed on the substrate ); A conductive part 130 disposed in contact with each other or between the sub-modules 10; A cover plate 150 disposed on the upper surfaces of the sub modules 10; It may be made, including.
  • each of the sub-modules 10, including a CIGS absorbing layer, the non-uniformity of the Cu / (In + Ga) composition ratio of the material constituting the CIGS absorbing layer may be made in the range of 1% to 3%.
  • the nonuniformity in the longitudinal direction of each submodule 10 may be less than the nonuniformity in the width direction of each submodule 10.
  • the submodule 10 preferably has a length within the range of 1 cm to 30 cm.
  • the base plate 110 may be made of a metal material or a polymer material.
  • the substrate may be a soda lime substrate having a thickness in the range of 1 mm to 1.5 mm.
  • the substrate and the base plate 110 may be formed of different materials.
  • the substrate and the base plate 110 may be formed of the same material, and the base plate 110 may be formed thicker than the substrate.
  • the sub module 10 may be formed in a square or rectangular shape.
  • submodules 10 may have the same size.
  • the solar cell module 100 may have a direction extending from a plurality of scribing lines formed in the sub module 10 in a first direction and a direction perpendicular to the first direction on a plane of the base plate 110.
  • the sub-modules 10 may be arranged in a plurality of rows in at least one direction selected from the first direction or the second direction.
  • the solar cell module 100 may be disposed such that the conductive portion 130 is in contact with both ends of the second direction side of the sub module 10.
  • the sub module 10 may have a separation interval within the range of 0.1 to 10mm.
  • the solar cell module 100 includes an adhesive layer 120 for adhering the base plate 110 and the sub module 10 to each other; It may further include.
  • the adhesive layer 120 may be a laminating film or an adhesive.
  • the adhesive layer 120 may have a transmittance within a range of 80 to 100%.
  • the present invention since a method of combining sub-modules having a small area is used, there is an effect that can be easily coped even if the area of the product to be produced varies in various ways. You can also get effects that make it easy.
  • the solar cell module is completed by the electrical coupling of the sub-modules, even if the efficiency of the manufactured solar cell module is lower than expected, even if the defective product is found only to replace the sub-module in which the failure occurred This can be used as an intact product without destroying the entire product, which ultimately lowers the defective rate during quality control.
  • the sub-module itself has a small area, the production equipment can be miniaturized, and thus the equipment operability is improved, and accordingly, the productivity is also improved.
  • the replacement of equipment is not necessary, so that the cost for new equipment installation can be minimized even if the size of the product to be produced in the future becomes larger. There is also an economic effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a monolithic integration solar cell module
  • Figure 2 is an embodiment of a large area thin-film solar cell module manufacturing step of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 shows several embodiments of the solar cell module of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a solar cell module of the present invention.
  • sealing material 150 cover plate
  • a single integrated solar cell module includes a substrate 1, an electrode layer 2 formed on the substrate 1, an absorption layer 3 that absorbs light to generate electricity, and a transmission layer through which light passes ( 4) is made, including.
  • a cover plate (superstrate) 5 may be further provided thereon to cover and protect the various layers as described above.
  • the substrate 1 is made of a material such as glass, and the absorption layer 3 / transmission layer 4 forms a P pole / an N pole, respectively, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the electrode layer 2, the absorbing layer 3, and the transmissive layer 4 may be stacked on the substrate 1, and a scribing line may be formed at an appropriate portion to implement a single integrated structure.
  • the present invention has been developed to solve the problem that the uniformity over a large area is not secured in the prior art in manufacturing a large area thin film solar cell capable of single integration as shown in FIG.
  • the present invention employs a configuration in which a plurality of sub-modules, each of which is formed in the form of a solar cell as shown in FIG. 1 and which are relatively small (relative to the area of the large-area product to be completed), are arranged.
  • Solar cell module 100 the back plate (back plate, 110) formed in the form of a flat plate; A plurality of sub-modules 10 each arranged in a solar cell form and spaced apart from each other on an upper surface of the base plate 110; A conductive portion (bus-bar) 130 disposed in contact with or between the sub-modules 10; It comprises a; cover plate (superstrate, 150) disposed on the upper surface of the sub-module (10).
  • an adhesive layer for stable fixing 120 may be further included, and may further include a sealing member 140 interposed between the base plate 110 and the cover plate 150 at the edge position of the base plate 110.
  • a sealing member 140 interposed between the base plate 110 and the cover plate 150 at the edge position of the base plate 110.
  • the base plate 110 is disposed as shown in FIG. 2 (A).
  • a plurality of sub-modules 10 are arranged to be spaced apart from each other on an upper surface of the base plate 110, wherein the sub-modules 10 are arranged on the base plate 110.
  • an adhesive layer 120 is formed on an upper surface of the base plate 110 between the base plate arranging step and the submodule arranging step so that the disposed form can be stably fixed. It is desirable to make more.
  • the conductive parts 130 are disposed in contact with each other or between the submodules 10.
  • the cover plate 150 is disposed on the upper surfaces of the sub-modules 10.
  • the cover plate 150 may be stably fixed in FIG. 2F.
  • the step of forming the adhesive layer 120 on the upper surface of the submodule 10 is preferably performed between the submodule arrangement step and the cover plate arrangement step.
  • FIG. 2 (F) between the sub-module arrangement step and the cover plate arrangement step, so that contamination from the outside does not occur in the gap between the base plate 110 and the cover plate 150.
  • the step of providing the sealant 140 at the edge of the base plate 110 is made further.
  • the base plate 110 may be made of a material having an appropriate strength, that is, a metal material such as Al alloy or a polymer material such as polyimide, acrylic, etc. to maintain the shape of a large area plate well.
  • a metal material such as Al alloy
  • a polymer material such as polyimide, acrylic, etc.
  • the base plate 10 preferably has a thickness within the range of 1 mm to 1.5 mm.
  • the adhesive layer 120 is provided between the base plate 110 and the sub module 10 or the sub module 10 and the cover layer 150 to ensure stable fixing, and a laminating film Or an adhesive. That is, the step of FIG. 2B or FIG. 2E may include a process of stacking films when the adhesive layer 120 is a laminating film, or apply an adhesive when the adhesive layer 120 is an adhesive. It may be done. At this time, when the light is blocked by the adhesive layer 120, the loss of the amount of light occurs, the battery efficiency is also reduced, the adhesive layer 120 has a property that can transmit the light as well as possible. That is, the adhesive layer 120 preferably has a transmittance within the range of 80 to 100%. As a specific material satisfying the above conditions, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), thermo plastic olefin (TPO), or kapton coated with an adhesive on a polyimide film may be used.
  • EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
  • TPO thermo plastic olefin
  • the cover plate 150 is provided to protect various components (particularly the sub modules 10) under the external shock or contamination. At this time, the cover plate 150, like the adhesive layer 120, in order to prevent the loss of the light amount caused by the cover plate 150, the cover plate 150 to have a transmittance within the range of 80 to 100% It is preferable. More specifically, the cover plate 150 may be made of a glass material.
  • the size of the final product is to follow the area of the base plate (110). That is, as the area of the base plate 110 is increased, the large-area solar cell product can be manufactured.
  • the plurality of sub-modules 10 are arranged on the base plate 110, as shown in Figure 2, the sub-modules 10 are electrically connected by the conductive portion 130 It takes a configuration that makes the whole module complete.
  • the area of the solar cell module to be manufactured due to the problem of non-uniformity is not uniformly implemented over the entire area in which the conditions that can achieve the optimum efficiency in manufacturing the solar cell module The wider the problem, the wider the efficiency.
  • a relatively small area of the plurality of sub-modules 10 are arranged on the base plate 110, thereby overcoming such nonuniformity problems. .
  • each sub-module 10 when manufacturing a relatively small sub-module 10, the adverse effect of the non-uniformity problem is much less than the case of a large area, so that each sub-module 10 can obtain a high efficiency, such a high efficiency of the sub
  • the modules 10 are electrically connected to form a large-area solar cell module 100, so that the efficiency of the large-area solar cell module 100 finally produced can be much improved than before.
  • the sub module 10 may be made of various materials, and for example, may include a CIGS absorber layer.
  • the composition ratio of Cu, ie, Cu / (In + Ga) ratio is about to obtain the highest efficiency.
  • the composition nonuniformity is limited to within 3%, and a small area having a length of one edge of the sub module 10 is 30 cm or less is used. (At this time, the smaller the length of one corner of the sub module 10, the higher the uniformity is, so the minimum value of the length of one corner is not important, but it is preferable that it is 1 cm or more in consideration of productivity, etc.)
  • the composition and thickness nonuniformity is improved compared to the width of 60cm to 120cm, and the material utilization compared to the supply of raw materials can also be increased to> 60%, thus forming a raw material for forming an absorbing layer, which is about 30% of the manufacturing cost. It is possible to reduce the amount of use to about 1/2.
  • a thick substrate should be used to minimize bending of the substrate, and a general soda lime glass substrate has a problem of increasing the weight of the substrate by using about 3 mm, and is used to reduce the weight.
  • high-distortion glass is about 1.8mm, there is a problem that the substrate cost is more than doubled.
  • the thickness of the glass substrate can be used to 1.5 mm or less even when using soda lime, so that it is easy to handle during the process and can reduce the overall module weight. .
  • a sub-module 10 of the same size for the module configuration through the arrangement of the sub-module 10.
  • another glass substrate may be used as a base material (ie,
  • the base plate 110 may be made of glass, etc.), a curved roof, or a substrate made of a polymer material or a stainless steel foil so as to correspond to the exterior of a building, so that the entire module may have a curved shape.
  • the base plate 110 may be made of polymer, stainless steel foil, or the like).
  • FIG. 3 shows various embodiments of the solar cell module of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the solar cell module of the present invention.
  • the detailed configuration of the solar cell module 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3, 4 and the foregoing drawings.
  • the sub module 10 may be formed in a square or rectangular shape so as to easily arrange the columns on the base plate 110.
  • the sub-module 10 has a different shape, it is also possible to design a layout form that can obtain a good efficiency, but considering the manufacturing method of a general thin-film solar cell, since the square or rectangular shape is most easy to manufacture Considering not only ease of arrangement but also ease of manufacture, it is most preferable that the submodule 10 has a square or rectangular shape as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the sub module 10 may have the form of a monolithic integrated solar cell. That is, the sub module 10 may be in the form of a solar cell unit, or may be in the form of a single integrated solar cell in which a scribing line is formed as illustrated in FIG. 1 or 4. If the area of the submodule 10 is too small, the difficulty of arranging the submodule 10 may be increased, and thus productivity may worsen. Therefore, the submodule 10 also has an appropriate area at a level where the effect of deterioration is not high. If the area of the submodule 10 is formed to be wider than the general unit cell level, the submodule 10 may be a single integrated solar cell (with a scribe line formed therein). It is desirable to be in the form.
  • the extending direction of the plurality of scribing lines formed in the sub-module 10 is determined in a first direction and a direction perpendicular to the first direction on the base plate 110 plane.
  • the sub-module 10 is arranged in a plurality of rows arranged in at least one direction selected from the first direction or the second direction.
  • FIG. 3 (A) shows the form in which the sub-modules 10 are arranged in a plurality of rows in both the first direction and the second direction
  • FIG. 3 (B) shows the plurality of rows of the sub-modules 10 in the first direction only.
  • 3 (C) shows a form in which the sub-modules 10 are arranged in a plurality of rows only in the second direction.
  • the configuration of the production equipment can be taken into account. For example, if a sub-module is manufactured using an in-line deposition equipment, since the equipment has excellent uniformity according to the direction in which the substrate is transported in the equipment, a narrow and long form (ie The configuration of the sub module shown in FIG. 3 (C) is easy. In this way, the shape of the submodule 10 may be appropriately determined as a shape capable of ensuring sufficient uniformity in the production of the submodule 10 in consideration of the configuration form of the production equipment.
  • the sub modules 10 In order for the solar cell module 100 to operate, the sub modules 10 should not only be arranged, but the sub modules 10 should be electrically connected.
  • the conductive part 130 which electrically connects the sub modules 10 is disposed to be in contact with both ends of the second direction side of the sub module 10 as shown.
  • the sub-modules 10 arranged in the second direction that is, the direction perpendicular to the scribing line are connected in series with each other, and are parallel to the first direction, that is, the scribing line.
  • the sub modules 10 arranged in the direction are connected in parallel with each other.
  • the final output voltage of the solar cell module 100 may be obtained by multiplying the voltage of one submodule 10 by the number of columns of the submodule 10 in the second direction, and the final output current is one submodule ( It can be obtained by multiplying the current generated in 10) by the number of columns of the sub module 10 in the first direction.
  • the voltage and current values generated in one submodule 10 are known, and the solar cell module 100 of the large-area solar cell module 100 that is finally manufactured by using the number of arrangement columns of the submodule 10 is known.
  • the output voltage and current values can be expected.
  • the configuration of the present invention not only improves the efficiency of the product itself, but also can lower the defective rate in quality control as well as its repair is very easy and economical has a great advantage.
  • the present invention in manufacturing a large area solar cell module, there is a great effect of making a large-area solar cell of high efficiency by eliminating the factor of efficiency deterioration caused by nonuniformity in the conventional large area.
  • the production equipment can be miniaturized to improve the equipment operability, of course, there is an effect that the productivity is also improved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un module de cellules solaires à film mince utilisant un sous-module, et un procédé de production du module de cellules solaires. Plus précisément, la présente invention concerne un module de cellules solaires à film mince, où des sous-modules de petite surface sont agencés en un réseau pour résoudre le problème de la diminution de l'efficacité due à la réduction de l'uniformité des films minces lorsque l'on produit des modules de cellules solaires à film mince ou des panneaux de grande surface. La présente invention concerne également un procédé de production du module de cellules solaires.
PCT/KR2013/006452 2012-07-18 2013-07-18 Module de cellules solaires à film mince utilisant un sous-module WO2014014294A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2012-0078467 2012-07-18
KR20120078467 2012-07-18

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WO2014014294A1 true WO2014014294A1 (fr) 2014-01-23

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20180013787A (ko) 2016-07-28 2018-02-07 한양대학교 에리카산학협력단 실리콘 태양전지, 및 그 제조 방법

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20100006205A (ko) * 2008-07-09 2010-01-19 (주)텔리오솔라코리아 Ｃｉｇｓ 태양전지 모듈 및 그 제조방법
US20110023933A1 (en) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-03 Applied Quantum Technology, Llc Interconnection Schemes for Photovoltaic Cells
KR20110020276A (ko) * 2008-06-04 2011-03-02 솔렉슨트 코포레이션 모노리식 집적 및 백사이드 컨택을 갖는 박막 태양 전지
WO2012018649A2 (fr) * 2010-08-06 2012-02-09 Spectrawatt, Inc. Réseaux photovoltaïques coopératifs et adaptations de cellule photovoltaïque destinées à une utilisation dans lesdits réseaux
US20120094425A1 (en) * 2010-10-14 2012-04-19 Miasole Ablative scribing of solar cell structures

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20110020276A (ko) * 2008-06-04 2011-03-02 솔렉슨트 코포레이션 모노리식 집적 및 백사이드 컨택을 갖는 박막 태양 전지
KR20100006205A (ko) * 2008-07-09 2010-01-19 (주)텔리오솔라코리아 Ｃｉｇｓ 태양전지 모듈 및 그 제조방법
US20110023933A1 (en) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-03 Applied Quantum Technology, Llc Interconnection Schemes for Photovoltaic Cells
WO2012018649A2 (fr) * 2010-08-06 2012-02-09 Spectrawatt, Inc. Réseaux photovoltaïques coopératifs et adaptations de cellule photovoltaïque destinées à une utilisation dans lesdits réseaux
US20120094425A1 (en) * 2010-10-14 2012-04-19 Miasole Ablative scribing of solar cell structures

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20180013787A (ko) 2016-07-28 2018-02-07 한양대학교 에리카산학협력단 실리콘 태양전지, 및 그 제조 방법

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