WO2014009139A1 - Sonde spectromètre à base de diodes électroluminescentes - Google Patents

Sonde spectromètre à base de diodes électroluminescentes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014009139A1
WO2014009139A1 PCT/EP2013/063149 EP2013063149W WO2014009139A1 WO 2014009139 A1 WO2014009139 A1 WO 2014009139A1 EP 2013063149 W EP2013063149 W EP 2013063149W WO 2014009139 A1 WO2014009139 A1 WO 2014009139A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
spatial
measuring range
sample
measurement
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/063149
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Remigiusz Pastusiak
Anton Schick
Michael Stockmann
Patrick Wissmann
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2014009139A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014009139A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/10—Arrangements of light sources specially adapted for spectrometry or colorimetry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/0262—Constructional arrangements for removing stray light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
    • G01N21/4738—Diffuse reflection, e.g. also for testing fluids, fibrous materials
    • G01N21/474—Details of optical heads therefor, e.g. using optical fibres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/85—Investigating moving fluids or granular solids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
    • G01N2201/06—Illumination; Optics
    • G01N2201/062—LED's
    • G01N2201/0627—Use of several LED's for spectral resolution

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device according to the preamble of the main claim and a corresponding use according to the independent claim.
  • Energy-efficient combustion of fossil fuels in power plants or smelting furnaces presupposes that the treatment of the fuels is effectively carried out and monitored. This also affects, among other things, the burning of coal. Coal usually has many pollutants and, depending on the pre-treatment, also has a certain degree of water, which adversely affects the combustion efficiency. Usually, the coal is dried and comminuted prior to incineration and then fed to the actual site of combustion via dust lines under high pressure and at high speed.
  • the carbon dust transported through the tube at high speed is brought into the optical measuring field of a spectrometer probe.
  • the coal For optical measurement, the coal must be illuminated with a broadband light source to stimulate specific molecular vibrations of the water or chemical contaminants.
  • the light scattered in carbon dust must then be detected and examined for its spectral composition by means of a spectrometer. Power plants usually have harsh environmental conditions. Therefore, the sensitive spectrometer, which can also be designated as an evaluation device for determining at least one state value of a test sample by means of the light received by a receiver device, is accommodated in a spatially separated manner, for example in an air-conditioned adjoining room.
  • the feeding of the scattered light detected in the probe to the spectrometer is conventionally effected by fiber optics.
  • Mechanical decoupling is required because the accelerated carbon dust is abrasive on the optical surfaces.
  • Thermal decoupling is necessary because the temperature of a halogen lamp is very difficult to control and its life is relatively low.
  • an apparatus for the spectroscopy of a measurement sample to be analyzed which emits a plurality of groups each having a group in a wavelength band extending over a nominal wavelength.
  • light emitting diodes for emitting light in the direction of a measuring sample having spatial measuring range, in which the light is focused by means of a focusing device; has a receiver device positioned at the spatial measuring range for receiving light scattered in the test sample.
  • the device is characterized in that the number of groups, the nominal wavelength and the shape of the wavelength band per group and the spatial arrangement of the LEDs are selected such that the wavelength bands mix in the spatial measurement range to a fixed measurement spectrum and the emission Light in the measuring range in such a way from a plurality of directions that caused by directional scattering properties of the measurement sample measurement errors are effectively reduced.
  • a use of a device according to the first aspect for spectroscopy of a measurement sample to be analyzed is claimed with the following steps.
  • Emitting light by means of a plurality of groups of each group in a light emitting diode emitting wavelength band extending over a nominal wavelength toward a spatial measurement area having the measurement sample into which the light is focused by means of a focusing device; by means of a receiver device positioned at the spatial measuring range receiving light scattered in the test sample.
  • the use is characterized in that by means of the number of groups, the nominal wavelength and the shape of the wavelength band per group of the spatial arrangement of the LEDs to each other, the wavelength bands are mixed in the spatial measurement range to a fixed measurement spectrum, the emission of light in the measuring range in such a way from a multiplicity of directions that measurement errors caused by direction-dependent scattering properties of the test sample are effectively reduced.
  • the scope of the present invention includes spectrometer probes alone which have no evaluation device for determining at least one state value of the measurement sample by means of the light received by the receiver device and only supply the analysis light to such evaluation devices or spectrometers.
  • the mixing of the light wave components takes place in such a way that the light is not segregated again by the scattering properties of an object or a measuring sample and thereby preferably impinges wavelength-specific scattering components on the detector and thus falsifies the true spectrum.
  • LEDs light-emitting diodes
  • their light is usually superimposed for optimal mixing at the location of the object.
  • the beam bundles with different wavelengths of light will separate again.
  • a detector with a downstream spectrometer will reproduce an unadulterated spectrogram.
  • the scattering and absorbing capacity of real objects, such as coal depends on the homogeneity of the particle sizes in a cloud of dust or the surface properties, such as purity, of a solid surface.
  • anisotropically enhanced scattering, that is to say reflection, of individual wavelength bands can occur in the direction of the detector optics, as a result of which erroneous spectra are generated.
  • the number of light-emitting diodes per group can be the same and the light-emitting diodes of all Groups over a starting from the sample considered the largest possible solid angle evenly distributed, be compact and arranged in a matrix.
  • a multiplicity of individual LEDs with respect to the wavelength are optimally mixed in an extremely dense package in an advantageous manner.
  • the LEDs can be distributed over the largest possible solid angle from the perspective of the material to be examined, so that the reflected-back intensity is decoupled from the reflection eigen-shafts.
  • Matrix-shaped here means an arrangement in a tabular form.
  • the light-emitting diodes can be arranged in repeating patterns of basic units in which a light-emitting diode can be arranged adjacent to one another for each group.
  • the light-emitting diodes regardless of the type of light-emitting diodes, can be arranged symmetrically with respect to an axis running through the spatial measuring range along a plate in the direction of the spatial measuring range.
  • the focusing device can in each case form a focusing optics for each light-emitting diode between the latter and the spatial measuring region
  • the receiver device can be embodied as an optical waveguide oriented along the symmetry axis extending through the spatial measuring range by means of detector optics in the direction of the spatial measuring region be.
  • the distance of the detector optics to the spatial measuring range can be smaller than the respective distance between the focusing optics and the spatial measuring range.
  • Focusing optics and detector optics may be, for example, optical lenses.
  • the optical waveguide of the receiver device along the axis of symmetry from the plate to the detector optics have a Ummante- ment.
  • the focusing optics may be offset in relation to the LEDs with increasing distance to them in the direction towards the axis of symmetry. As the distance from the probe axis increases, the lenses are more displaced relative to the direction of emission of the light-emitting diodes in order to generate maximum illumination intensity along the probe axis or symmetry axis and to achieve an optimum signal-to-noise ratio. In this case, the principle of the facet eye is inverted: the eye becomes the light source and all emitted rays illuminate a point in the measuring volume of the probe. Focusing optics are preferably optical lenses. According to a further advantageous embodiment, the basic units may be pairs, triangles, diamonds, trapezoids, hexagons or stretches.
  • the fixed measurement spectrum can correspond to the spectrum of white light and can be at least broadband.
  • the mixing components of the wavelength bands can be adjusted by means of respective electrical light-emitting diode currents.
  • the nominal wavelengths can be generated in the range from 250 nm to 360 nm in 5 nm increments and at selected wavelengths from 365 nm to 637 nm.
  • the mixing proportions of the light wavelengths can be adjusted by the respective LED currents.
  • the lifetime of LEDs is significantly higher than that of conventional conventional halogen lamps.
  • the lifetime of LEDs can be higher by a factor of 10 to 20.
  • the measuring sample may be a particle flow flowing through a line as a spatial measuring range, wherein the line in the beam path of the light from the light emitting diodes in the spatial measuring range and from there into the receiver device may have a protective glass to which the detector optics adjoin. Zend is positioned.
  • the detector optics advantageously has optical lenses.
  • the test sample may be a coal dust stream which is guided through the spatial measuring region through a pipeline, wherein the pipeline in the beam path has a protective glass consisting of sapphire or diamond.
  • a protective glass consisting of sapphire or diamond.
  • an evaluation device can be designed to determine at least one status value of the measurement sample by means of the light received by the receiver device.
  • Such an evaluation device may be a spectrometer to which the device or the probe provides access to a difficult to access and rough spatial measuring range by means of the light guide.
  • the LEDs can be controlled by means of Peltier elements in terms of temperature. Since LEDs are "cold" emitters, which generate the heat loss at relatively low temperatures in the area, the temperature can be controlled by means of simple Peltier elements.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a device according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a representation of the principle of segregation by the obj ect;
  • Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of a device according to the invention;
  • Figure 4 shows a third embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • Figure 5 shows a fourth embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment of an LED arrangement
  • Figure 7 is a schematic representation of an LED arrangement according to the invention.
  • FIG. 8 shows further schematic representations of LED arrangements according to the invention.
  • FIG. 9a shows a further embodiment of an LED arrangement
  • FIG. 9b shows an exemplary embodiment of a lens arrangement
  • FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows an ideal arrangement of LEDs LEDs, here 2 different wavelength bands are used.
  • FIG. 1 shows an entire Direction for spectroscopy of a sample to be analyzed.
  • FIG. 1 shows two groups, wherein a wavelength band extending over a nominal wavelength is assigned to each group.
  • Each light-emitting diode LED emits light in the direction of a measuring region having the measuring sample 5, in which the light is focused by means of a focusing device 7.
  • a receiver device 9 positioned at the spatial measuring region 5 receives the light scattered by the measuring sample.
  • the light received by the receiving device 9 is supplied to an evaluation device 11.
  • This evaluation device 11 is preferably a spectrometer which determines at least one state value of the measurement sample by means of the light received by the receiver device 9.
  • the scope of protection already includes a spectrometer probe according to the invention, all of which are shown in FIG.
  • Reference numeral 17 is a plate, for example, a flex circuit board which positions and fixes them as a holder for the LEDs.
  • FIG. 1 shows how the light of two LED groups is focused by focusing lenses 7 a onto a defined measuring range, which is the spatial measuring range 5.
  • the light-emitting diodes LED 1 and LED 2, which emit different wavelengths are arranged alternately oriented along a plate 17 that is concavely curved toward the spatial measuring range in the direction of the spatial measuring range 5.
  • Reference numeral 15 shows an axis of symmetry extending through the spatial measuring region 5, to which the spectral probe is designed to be axially symmetrical. According to FIG. 1, the emission of the light in the measuring region 5 already takes place in such a way from a multiplicity of directions that measurement errors caused by direction-dependent scattering properties of the test sample are effectively reduced.
  • FIG. 2 shows a representation with regard to the principle of demixing by the measurement sample 4.
  • FIG. 2 shows that the light emitted from the LED 2 is detected by the receiver device 9 due to the direction-dependent scattering property of the measurement sample 4 shown there and is transmitted to the light guide 19. is passed.
  • the light emitted by the light-emitting diode LED 1 does not enter the receiver device 9 due to the direction-dependent scattering property of the test sample 4 and is therefore not forwarded in the light guide 19.
  • FIG. 2 shows a demixing by the object or the measuring sample 4 which, as the anisotropically scattering object, preferably backscatters a wavelength band and in this way generates measuring errors.
  • FIG. 3 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a spectrometer probe according to the invention which supplies the spectrometer 11 with the light to be evaluated.
  • the arrangement according to FIG. 3 shows an advantageous embodiment of an arrangement of LEDs when using a plate 17, which is designed here as a planar printed circuit board.
  • Reference numeral 15 denotes an axis of symmetry to which the arrangement is axisymmetric.
  • FIG. 3 shows a corresponding section.
  • 3 groups with respective wavelength bands of light-emitting diodes LED 1, LED 2 and LED 3 are used.
  • a spectrometer probe for the measurement of a spectrum on the basis of LED light sources is proposed.
  • the device was designed in such a way that an optimum mixture of the light wavelengths takes place from a multiplicity of individual light sources, which here can be, for example, 3 wavelength bands with 8 light sources each, through a densely packed matrix-shaped spatial arrangement.
  • a multiplicity of individual light sources which here can be, for example, 3 wavelength bands with 8 light sources each
  • FIG. 3 shows the light-emitting diodes oriented along a flat plate in the direction of the spatial measuring range.
  • FIG. 4 shows a third exemplary embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention.
  • the scope of protection of the present application also includes all spectrometer probes which have all device features according to the invention, except for the evaluation device 11.
  • the distance of the detector optics 9a is selected to be smaller than the respective distance of a focusing optics 7a to the spatial measuring region 5.
  • the detector optics 9a is no longer in the plane of the focusing optics 7a.
  • Reference symbol 21 denotes an LED luminous area of an LED 3.
  • the receiver device 9 is preferred to avoid interference signals when using a protective glass 27 relative to the luminous plane 21. By this preference, reflections between LED luminous surfaces 21 and the protective glass 27 are directly suppressed.
  • Reference numeral 23 denotes a carbon dust flow which flows through a pipeline 27 and the spatial measuring region 5 defined there.
  • the protective glass 27 makes it possible to introduce the spatial measuring area 5 into the interior of the pipeline 25.
  • the selected spatial arrangement of the receiver device 9 relative to the illumination device LED 1... LED 3 avoids reflections which can occur on the protective glass 27 , directly into the receiver device 9 and thus falsify the spectrum to be analyzed.
  • FIG. 4 also shows a cross section of the LED arrangement.
  • FIG. 5 shows a fourth exemplary embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention.
  • an optical waveguide 19 which receives light to be analyzed by the detector optics 9 a has an additional cladding 29.
  • This jacket 29 causes a suppression of direct reflections as a result of the arrangement of the detector unit 9 between LED lighting surfaces and protective glass 27 and additionally acts as a mounting tube for easy guidance of light guides 19 and focusing optics 9a.
  • Such a sheath 29 acts as a holder and as protection against unwanted scattered light.
  • the arrangement according to FIG. 5 is similar to the arrangement according to FIG. 4. According to FIG. 5 suppression of direct reflexes takes place.
  • the positioning of the detection optics relative to the surface on which the illumination light is emitted causes this. The closer the detection optics are spatially positioned in front of the illumination plane, the more direct light reflexes on a protective glass are avoided and at the same time The number of LEDs can be increased while maintaining the same light cone.
  • FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment of a densely packed LED matrix using 7 wavelength bands.
  • Light-emitting diodes LED numbered here, according to their group membership, are arranged in repeating patterns of basic units in which one LED is arranged adjacent to each other for each group. According to FIG. 6, the light-emitting diodes of a basic unit are arranged along a path.
  • FIG. 6 shows a plan view of the side views shown in FIGS.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show embodiments of repetitive patterns M of basic units in which the light-emitting diodes are arranged.
  • a basic unit comprises one LED for each group.
  • Figure 7 shows stretched, triangular, diamond-shaped, trapezoidal and hexagonal compact arrangements.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show LED arrays for different numbers of wavelength bands. It is intended to effect a densest packing of light-emitting diodes in the plane.
  • FIG. 9a shows an exemplary embodiment of an LED matrix according to the invention.
  • FIG. 9b shows an associated lens matrix.
  • FIG. 10 shows an exemplary embodiment of a method for which a device according to the invention is used.
  • Light emitting diodes in the direction of a measuring sample having spatial measuring range in which the light is focused by means of a focusing.
  • a second step S2 by means of a receiver device positioned at the spatial measuring range, a reception of signals in the measuring sample takes place. scattered light.
  • an evaluation device is used to determine at least one state value of the test sample by means of the light received by the receiver device.
  • the number of groups, the nominal wavelength and the shape of the wavelength band per group and the spatial arrangement of the LEDs to each other selected such that caused by directional scattering properties of the measurement sample measurement errors are effectively reduced.
  • the invention relates to a device, in particular a probe, and their use for spectroscopy in which erroneous spectra due to non-ideal isotropically absorbing and scattering measuring samples are avoided or effectively reduced.
  • An emission of light into a measuring range takes place in such a way from a multiplicity of directions that measuring errors caused by direction-dependent scattering properties of the test sample are effectively reduced.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for detecting the properties of a coal particle flow.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif, notamment une sonde, et son utilisation en spectroscopie, permettant d'éviter ou de réduire efficacement des spectres défectueux dus à des échantillons absorbants et dispersants non idéalement isotropes. Une émission de lumière dans une plage de mesure s'effectue à partir d'une pluralité de directions de telle manière que des propriétés de dispersion, fonction de la direction, de l'échantillon permettent de réduire efficacement les erreurs de mesure occasionnées. L'invention est particulièrement adaptée à la détection des propriétés d'un flux de particules de charbon.
PCT/EP2013/063149 2012-07-12 2013-06-24 Sonde spectromètre à base de diodes électroluminescentes WO2014009139A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012212225 2012-07-12
DE102012212225.7 2012-07-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014009139A1 true WO2014009139A1 (fr) 2014-01-16

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3505911A1 (fr) * 2017-12-29 2019-07-03 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Capteur optique et appareil et procédé de mesure d'absorbance l'utilisant

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4755058A (en) * 1984-06-19 1988-07-05 Miles Laboratories, Inc. Device and method for measuring light diffusely reflected from a nonuniform specimen
US5166747A (en) * 1990-06-01 1992-11-24 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Apparatus and method for analyzing the composition of formation fluids
US5365084A (en) * 1991-02-20 1994-11-15 Pressco Technology, Inc. Video inspection system employing multiple spectrum LED illumination
JPH08271403A (ja) * 1995-03-29 1996-10-18 Ngk Insulators Ltd 炭塵濃度測定方法及び装置
US5954206A (en) * 1995-07-25 1999-09-21 Oseney Limited Optical inspection system
EP1072884A2 (fr) * 1999-07-28 2001-01-31 KELLY, William, M. Améliorations se rapportant à l'éclairage annulaire
WO2010060915A2 (fr) * 2008-11-28 2010-06-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif de mesure comprenant un éclairage par del, pour réaliser des mesures spectroscopiques
WO2010082852A1 (fr) * 2009-01-06 2010-07-22 Geordie Robert Burling-Claridge Spectromètre à source codée à del

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4755058A (en) * 1984-06-19 1988-07-05 Miles Laboratories, Inc. Device and method for measuring light diffusely reflected from a nonuniform specimen
US5166747A (en) * 1990-06-01 1992-11-24 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Apparatus and method for analyzing the composition of formation fluids
US5365084A (en) * 1991-02-20 1994-11-15 Pressco Technology, Inc. Video inspection system employing multiple spectrum LED illumination
JPH08271403A (ja) * 1995-03-29 1996-10-18 Ngk Insulators Ltd 炭塵濃度測定方法及び装置
US5954206A (en) * 1995-07-25 1999-09-21 Oseney Limited Optical inspection system
EP1072884A2 (fr) * 1999-07-28 2001-01-31 KELLY, William, M. Améliorations se rapportant à l'éclairage annulaire
WO2010060915A2 (fr) * 2008-11-28 2010-06-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif de mesure comprenant un éclairage par del, pour réaliser des mesures spectroscopiques
WO2010082852A1 (fr) * 2009-01-06 2010-07-22 Geordie Robert Burling-Claridge Spectromètre à source codée à del

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3505911A1 (fr) * 2017-12-29 2019-07-03 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Capteur optique et appareil et procédé de mesure d'absorbance l'utilisant
US10551312B2 (en) 2017-12-29 2020-02-04 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Optical sensor, and apparatus and method for measuring absorbance using the same

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