WO2014008762A1 - 一种光学透镜及一种矿帽灯 - Google Patents

一种光学透镜及一种矿帽灯 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014008762A1
WO2014008762A1 PCT/CN2013/072170 CN2013072170W WO2014008762A1 WO 2014008762 A1 WO2014008762 A1 WO 2014008762A1 CN 2013072170 W CN2013072170 W CN 2013072170W WO 2014008762 A1 WO2014008762 A1 WO 2014008762A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
optical lens
reflective
curved surface
plane
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/072170
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
江文达
蒋金波
Original Assignee
惠州元晖光电股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 惠州元晖光电股份有限公司 filed Critical 惠州元晖光电股份有限公司
Priority to CA2828159A priority Critical patent/CA2828159C/en
Priority to AU2013228036A priority patent/AU2013228036A1/en
Priority to US14/003,829 priority patent/US9267667B2/en
Publication of WO2014008762A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014008762A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/0406—Accessories for helmets
    • A42B3/0433—Detecting, signalling or lighting devices
    • A42B3/044—Lighting devices, e.g. helmets with lamps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21L—LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF, BEING PORTABLE OR SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR TRANSPORTATION
    • F21L4/00—Electric lighting devices with self-contained electric batteries or cells
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
    • F21V13/02—Combinations of only two kinds of elements
    • F21V13/04—Combinations of only two kinds of elements the elements being reflectors and refractors
    • F21V13/045—Combinations of only two kinds of elements the elements being reflectors and refractors for portable lighting devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/02—Refractors for light sources of prismatic shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/0091—Reflectors for light sources using total internal reflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
    • G02B19/0004—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed
    • G02B19/0028—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed refractive and reflective surfaces, e.g. non-imaging catadioptric systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
    • G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
    • G02B19/0047—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source
    • G02B19/0061—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source the light source comprising a LED
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/02—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces
    • G02B3/08—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces with discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lens
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a Chinese patent application filed on July 13, 2012 by the Chinese Patent Office, the application number is 201210243822.3, and the invention is entitled "an optical lens and a mine cap lamp”. Priority is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
  • the present invention relates to the field of optical device technologies, and in particular, to an optical lens and a mine cap lamp.
  • the existing lens with a diameter of 20mm ⁇ 30mm is matched with an LED with a power of 1 ⁇ 3 watts and a chip size of about lmmxlmm.
  • the beam angle cannot achieve an illumination of 4000 to 6000 Lux (lux) at a distance of 1 to 3 meters.
  • the beam angle must be controlled at 5. The following, however, is to produce 5.
  • the diameter of the lens must be increased to 50 mm to 60 mm or more. If the total reflection lens structure shown in Fig. 1 is used, the thickness of the lens needs to be greatly increased, so that the amount of shrinkage during lens injection is 4 inches. It is very difficult to cause injection molding, and as the thickness of the lens increases, the weight of the lens also increases greatly.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an optical lens and a mine cap lamp capable of achieving a narrow angle output of a light beam.
  • An optical lens includes a reflecting surface and a light emitting surface, wherein a center of the reflecting surface is a center, and at least a light distribution surface and a reflective curved surface are disposed along a radial direction of the reflecting surface; and a center of the light emitting surface
  • the position is a center of the circle, and at least a Fresnel ring surface is provided along the radius of the light-emitting surface.
  • the light distribution curved surface is configured to refract light incident on the reflective surface to the Fresnel ring surface and the plane;
  • the reflective curved surface is configured to collimate light incident on the reflective curved surface to the plane;
  • the Fresnel ring surface is used for collimating light rays incident on the Fresnel ring surface through the light distribution curved surface to project the light exit surface;
  • the plane is configured to totally reflect the light incident after the light distribution curved surface to the reflective curved surface, and further, a first convex surface is disposed at a center position of the reflective surface, and is disposed at a center position of the light emitting surface There is a second convex surface; the first convex surface and the second convex surface satisfy a Kohler illumination condition.
  • the light distribution surface satisfies the following tangent condition to the light distribution of the light incident on the light distribution curved surface:
  • ⁇ 2 tan _1 (- ⁇ tan ⁇ )
  • ⁇ 1 is the angle between the light incident on the light distribution curved surface and the central optical axis of the optical lens
  • ⁇ 2 is the light refracted by the light incident on the light distribution curved surface through the light distribution curved surface
  • An angle with the central optical axis of the optical lens ⁇ is the angle between the outer peripheral edge of the plane to the central position of the optical lens reflecting surface and the central optical axis of the optical lens.
  • ⁇ is 65°.
  • the reflective curved surface is provided with a roof prism array, and the roof prism is centered on the center of the reflecting surface at 360 degrees. Rotating array; the roof prism array is for collimating light incident on the reflective curved surface to the plane.
  • the shape of the roof prism is a right-angle V-groove structure incident on the roof prism; the cross-section of the right-angle V-groove is a right-angled triangle, and a right-angled vertex is located on the reflective surface, and two right-angled edges are respectively located Two sides of the right angle V-groove structure.
  • the angular spacing of the adjacent two roof prisms is 0.5° to 10°.
  • the angular spacing of the adjacent two roof prisms is one. .
  • a mine cap lamp comprising the optical lens and light source component of any of the foregoing. Further, the light source component is a single LED light.
  • the optical lens of the embodiment of the present invention can directly emit light emitted from the light source member to form a focused spot, thereby achieving a narrow angle output of the light beam, and the optical lens has a large diameter, a small thickness, and a light weight.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a prior art LED mine cap lamp
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an optical lens according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3a is a cross-sectional view of an optical lens in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3b is a bottom plan view of the optical lens of the embodiment of Figure 3a;
  • Figure 3c is a top plan view of the optical lens of the embodiment of Figure 3a;
  • Figure 3d is an isometric view of the optical lens of the embodiment of Figure 3a;
  • Figure 4 is a light path diagram of the first convex surface and the second convex surface in the embodiment shown in Figure 3a;
  • Figure 5 is a light distribution diagram of the light distribution curved surface in the embodiment shown in Figure 3a;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the relationship between ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 1 of the light distribution curved surface in the embodiment shown in Figure 3a;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of the optical path of the light passing through the Fresnel ring surface and the plane in the embodiment shown in Figure 3a;
  • Figures 8a-8b are schematic views of the total reflection of the light in the roof prism in the embodiment of Figure 3a;
  • Figure 9 is an assembly a spot image of a mine cap lamp having an optical lens according to an embodiment of the present invention at a distance of 1 m;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of ray tracing of an optical lens in an embodiment of the present invention;
  • Figure 11 is a illuminance distribution diagram of an optical lens in an embodiment of the present invention at a distance of 1 m;
  • FIG. 12 is a view showing a light field far field angle distribution of an optical lens according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a graph showing the measured light distribution of a mine cap lamp equipped with an optical lens of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an optical lens according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical lens includes a reflecting surface 21 and a light emitting surface 22, wherein a center position of the reflecting surface 21 is a center, and at least a light distribution curved surface 211 and a reflective curved surface 212 are disposed along a radial direction of the reflecting surface 21; As the center of the circle, at least the Fresnel ring surface 221 and the plane 222 are provided along the radial direction of the light exit surface 22.
  • the light distribution surface 211 is used to refract light incident on the reflective surface 21 to the Fresnel circular surface 221 and the plane 222; the reflective curved surface 212 is used to collimate the light incident on the reflective curved surface 212 to the plane 222.
  • the Fresnel ring surface 221 is used for collimating the light incident on the Fresnel ring surface 221 to the light exit surface 22; the plane 222 is for totally reflecting the light incident after the light distribution curved surface 221 to the reverse light.
  • the lens has undergone twofold total reflections (plane 222 and reflective surface 212), which can achieve a relatively long focal length in a thinner thickness, so that the projected spot can achieve a narrow angular output.
  • the light emitted from the light source member first passes through the light distribution curved surface 211 of the optical lens reflection surface 21, is refracted by the light distribution curved surface 211, and is incident on the Fresnel circular surface 221 and the plane 222, and is incident on the Fresnel circular surface 221.
  • the illuminating surface 22 is collimated, and the light incident on the plane 222 reaches the total reflection condition of the plane 222, and is totally reflected to the reflective curved surface 212.
  • the reflective curved surface 212 collimates the incident ray and then projects the illuminating surface 22 through the plane 222.
  • the optical lens in the embodiment of the present invention allows the light to be reflected and reflected twice inside the lens by the above arrangement, which folds a long optical path into a relatively thin thickness, and can directly emit light from the light source component to form a light. Focus on the spot. Since the focal length of the optical lens in the embodiment of the present invention is longer than the focal length of the prior art lens (only one time total reflection) shown in Fig. 1, the beam angle is satisfied according to the optical lens.
  • the optical lens has a large diameter, a small thickness, and a light weight.
  • D is the length of the chip's illumination facing line
  • f is the focal length of the lens. It is assumed that the LED chip has a light-emitting face length of mm, and when the focal length f is greater than 16.2 mm, the angle of the output beam is less than 5°.
  • 3a is a cross-sectional view of an optical lens according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3b is a view of the optical lens Bottom view
  • Fig. 3c is a plan view of the optical lens
  • Fig. 3d is an isometric view of the optical lens.
  • the optical lens is a circular lens, including a reflecting surface 31 and a light emitting surface 32.
  • the reflecting surface includes a first convex surface 311, a light distribution curved surface 312, a transition curved surface 313, and a reflective curved surface. 314;
  • the light-emitting surface includes a second convex surface 321, a Fresnel circular surface 322, and a flat surface 323.
  • the outer periphery of the reflecting surface and the light-emitting surface may also be provided with a flange 33 for fixing to other devices, etc., which has no influence on the optical, and may be any shape.
  • the first convex surface 311 is located at a center of the reflective surface 31 of the optical lens for collecting light emitted by the LED chip and concentrating the light at the apex of the second convex surface 321; the light distribution curved surface 312 is at a center position of the reflective surface 31 For the center of the circle, a curved arc surface disposed around the first convex surface 311 is used to evenly distribute the light emitted by the LED chip to the Fresnel ring surface 322 and the plane 323; the transition surface 313 is a non-optical surface, which is a surrounding light distribution surface.
  • the reflective curved surface 314 is centered on the center of the reflective surface 31, and the second convex surface 321 is disposed around the transition surface 314 at the center of the light exit surface 32, and is first
  • the convex surface 311 is opposite to illuminate the light converges at the apex of the second convex surface 321
  • the Fresnel ring surface 322 is centered on the center of the light exit surface 32, and is disposed around the second convex surface 321 for matching
  • the incident light rays distributed by the light curved surface 312 are collimated and projected;
  • the plane 323 is centered on the center position of the light emitting surface 32, and is disposed around the Fresnel ring surface 322.
  • the light distribution of the incident light surface 312 is totally reflected to the reflection surface allocated 314.
  • the first convex surface 311 is located in the middle of the reflective surface, and the first convex surface 311 coincides with the focal plane position of the second convex surface 321 on the light-emitting surface, and the first convex surface 311 and the second convex surface 321 satisfy the Kohler illumination condition, that is, the first A convex surface 311 images the light-emitting surface of the LED chip at the vertex H position of the second convex surface 321, and the shape of the pupil of the first convex surface 311 is projected to the far distance through the second convex surface 321. As shown in FIG.
  • the portion of the light emitted from the 0 o'clock position of the center of the light emitting surface of the LED chip is smaller than the optical axis OZ of the optical lens (the preferred angle of the portion of the light to the optical axis OZ is preferred in the present invention). It is ⁇ 15.), is collected by the first convex surface 311, is refracted, and is focused to the position of the apex H of the second convex surface 321 and projected.
  • the shape of the spot projected through the second convex surface 321 is the shape of the aperture of the first convex surface 311, which is a circular shape, and the arrangement of the first convex surface 311 and the second convex surface 321 avoids the square light spot projected due to the shape of the chip.
  • the spot projected by the second convex surface 321 has a tangent of a half angle of the beam It is equal to the ratio of the half of the aperture of the convex surface 11 to the focal length of the convex surface 321 which is ⁇ 10. ⁇ 20. Between these, it is preferred that the beam angle of this portion is ⁇ 15. .
  • the portion of the light beam projected by the first convex surface 311 and the second convex surface 321 is used as ambient light.
  • the light distribution surface 312 is such a portion of the light that is emitted from the center of the light-emitting surface of the LED chip at an angle of 0 o'clock and which is larger than the optical axis OZ (the preferred angle of the portion of the light to the optical axis OZ is preferably
  • the light distribution is performed, and the light beam is incident on the Fresnel ring surface 322 and the plane 323 at the top of the optical lens.
  • the light distribution curved surface 312 extends straight to the OZ axis, that is, the middle first convex surface 311 is ignored, and the light and light emitted from the LED are emitted.
  • the angle of the axis OZ is ⁇ 1.
  • the angle between the refracted light and the optical axis OZ is ⁇ 2 (light distribution angle), then when ⁇ 1 changes from 0° to 90°, the light distribution of ⁇ 2 Meet the following tangent conditions:
  • ⁇ is the angle between the outer peripheral edge of the plane 323 and the center 0 (or the center of the reflecting surface) of the light emitting surface of the LED chip and the OZ axis.
  • the tangent condition is satisfied, and its main purpose is to shoot from 0 to 90 from the LED.
  • the beams are evenly distributed in the caliber of the plane 323.
  • the angle between the outer peripheral edge of the plane 323 and the center 0 of the light emitting surface of the LED chip (or the center position of the reflecting surface) and the OZ axis is about 65. Left and right, then the light distribution of ⁇ 2 satisfies the following tangent conditions:
  • the light beam After being distributed by the light distribution curved surface 312, the light beam is incident on the Fresnel ring surface 322 and the plane 323 of the light exit surface of the optical lens. Among them, the Fresnel ring surface 322 directly emits light having a relatively small incident angle, as shown in FIG.
  • a part of the beam has a relatively large incident angle, and the light reaching the total reflection condition is totally reflected by the plane 323, and is reflected and incident on the reflective curved surface 314 at the bottom of the optical lens, and then reflected by the curved surface 314. After reflection, it is emitted through plane 323, as shown in FIG.
  • a reflective film may also be disposed on the plane 323 for reflecting incident light to the reflective curved surface 314.
  • the light incident on the reflective curved surface 314 fails to reach the total reflection condition because the incident angle is relatively small. Therefore, the reflective curved surface 314 needs to be processed to reflect the light to the plane.
  • the reflective curved surface 314 may be coated with a reflective film to reflect the portion of the light and be collimated by the plane 323.
  • increasing the coating process not only increases the manufacturing cost, but also the strong acidity of the reflective film in the mining area. It is easy to fall off under the harsh environment of alkali.
  • the total reflection of the incident light by the reflective curved surface 314 can also be realized by other processes.
  • a small roof prism array is disposed on the reflective curved surface 314, and the micro-hut prisms having the same structure are
  • the center 0 point of the light-emitting surface of the LED chip (or the center position of the reflecting surface 31) is the center of the circle, and the rotating array is rotated at 360°.
  • the roof prism array is used to collimate light incident on the reflective curved surface 314 to the plane 323.
  • each micro-hut ridge prism is the same right-angle V-groove structure, and the light incident on the roof prism is uniformly reflected on both sides of the right-angle V-groove structure, and then collimated and incident on the plane 323, and passes through the plane 323. Straight out.
  • the cross-section of the right-angled V-groove is a right-angled triangle with a right-angled vertex at the reflective surface 314 and two right-angled edges respectively.
  • the two sides of the right-angle V-groove structure, the cross-sectional contour Q1P1R1 perpendicular to the V-groove structure is a right-angled triangle, and the bottom angle ZQ1P1R1 is a right angle of 90°.
  • the light BC1 incident on the reflective curved surface 314 can be totally reflected twice in the ridge prism of the right-angled V-groove structure, firstly totally reflected by the first side P1Q1Q2P2 of the roof prism, and the reflected light is C1C2, and then the roof is ridged.
  • the second side P1R1R2P2 of the prism is totally reflected, and the reflected light is C2D, and the reflected light is finally emitted through the plane 323.
  • the Roof Prisms array can theoretically achieve 100% total reflection without loss of light energy.
  • the angular spacing of two adjacent microprisms can be 0.5. ⁇ 10.
  • the angular distance is the micro-cabin.
  • the ridge prism is rotated around the optical axis OZ as the central axis, and the ridges of two adjacent prisms form an angle around the optical axis OZ.
  • it is preferred that the adjacent two microprisms have an angular pitch of 1°.
  • a photograph of a spot of a mine cap lamp equipped with an optical lens of an embodiment of the present invention at a distance of 1 m it can be seen that the spot is very clean, the transition is soft, and there is no stray light.
  • Spot by the middle A very bright circular bright spot, and a circular spot with a slightly darker outer rim, where a very bright circular spot in the middle is produced by a reflective surface 314 with a tiny array of Roof Prisms.
  • a circular spot slightly darker in the outer spot of the bright spot is generated by the first convex surface 311, the second convex surface 321 of the light lens, and the Fresnel ring surface 322.
  • the Philippine Rebel DS56 LED has a luminous flux of 90 lumens per LED.
  • 10 is a ray tracing of an optical lens according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 11 is an illuminance distribution at a distance of 1 m. It can be seen that the shape of the spot is circular, the spot size is about ⁇ ⁇ , and the maximum illuminance value on the screen is 16100.2187 Lux, the luminous flux collected on the screen is 77.2796469135825820 lumens, ie the optical efficiency of the lens is approximately:
  • FIG. 12 is a light source far-field angular distribution of an optical lens according to an embodiment of the present invention, that is, a light distribution curve, and a beam angle width at a half of the peak intensity is about ⁇ 1.7.
  • Fig. 13 is a measured light distribution curve of a mine cap lamp equipped with an optical lens according to an embodiment of the present invention. The steady-state current used is 105 mA, and the full-angle angle of the beam angle at a position where the spot is half of the peak intensity is about 3.3. .
  • the optical lens in the embodiment of the present invention achieves a narrow angle output of the light beam by the above structure, and the lens has a large aperture, a small thickness, and a light weight. Illumination requirements can be achieved with just one LED light, and long-term operation is possible.
  • the optical lens does not need to be provided with a reflective film, and the reflective film is likely to fall off, or rust or corrode in a harsh environment such as strong acid and alkali.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a mine cap lamp, comprising a light source component and an optical lens fixed to the outside of the light source component, the light source component may be an LED or the like, and the optical lens may be the optical lens described in the above embodiment.
  • a mine cap lamp comprising a light source component and an optical lens fixed to the outside of the light source component
  • the light source component may be an LED or the like
  • the optical lens may be the optical lens described in the above embodiment.

Abstract

一种光学透镜及一种矿帽灯，所述光学透镜，包括反射面（21）和出光面（22），以所述反射面（21）的中心位置为圆心，沿所述反射面的半径方向至少设置有配光曲面（211）和反射曲面（212）；以所述出光面（22）的中心位置为圆心，沿所述出光面的半径方向至少设置有菲涅尔环纹面（221）和平面（222）；所述配光曲面（211），用于将入射到所述反射面（21）上的光线折射至所述菲涅尔环纹面（221）以及所述平面（222）；所述反射曲面（212），用于将入射到所述反射曲面（212）上的光线准直反射至所述平面（222）；所述菲涅尔环纹面（221），用于将经所述配光曲面（211）后入射到所述菲涅尔环纹面（221）上的光线准直投射出所述出光面（22）；所述平面（222），用于将经所述配光曲面（211）后入射的光线全反射至所述反射曲面（212），并将经所述反射曲面（212）后准直入射的光线准直投射出所述出光面（22）。

Description

一种光学透镜及一种矿帽灯 本申请要求于 2012 年 7 月 13 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201210243822.3、 发明名称为 "一种光学透镜及一种矿帽灯"的中国专利申请 的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及光学器件技术领域， 尤其涉及一种光学透镜及一种矿帽灯。
背景技术
现有 LED矿帽灯的聚光元件大部分是采用抛物面形状的反射镜， 或者采 用全反射二次光学透镜对 LED发出的光进行会聚。
对于采用全反射二次光学透镜的 LED矿帽灯， 如图 1所示， 现有的口径 为 20mm~30mm的透镜在搭配功率为 1~3瓦、 芯片尺寸大小为 lmmxlmm左 右的 LED时， 一般只能实现最小光束角约 8。~10。， 该光束角无法实现在 1到 3米的距离产生 4000~6000Lux(勒克司）的照度。 若要达到该照度要求， 往往 需要至少三四颗的 LED, 而这对于长期作业来说， 电池电量很快就会被耗尽； 对于单颗的 LED, 如果要达到该照度要求， 其光束角必须控制在 5。以下， 然 而， 要产生 5。以下的光束角， 必须将透镜的口径增加到 50mm~60mm以上， 如果采用图 1所示的全反射透镜结构， 则需要大大地增加透镜的厚度， 这样透 镜注塑时的收缩量会 4艮大， 导致注塑成型非常困难， 而且， 随着透镜厚度的增 加， 透镜的重量也会大大地增加。
因此， 现在亟需另一种光学透镜能实现光束的窄角度输出。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种光学透镜及一种矿帽灯，能够实现光束的窄角度输 出。
为了解决上述技术问题， 本发明实施例的技术方案如下：
一种光学透镜， 包括反射面和出光面， 其中， 以所述反射面的中心位置为 圓心， 沿所述反射面的半径方向至少设置有配光曲面和反射曲面； 以所述出光 面的中心位置为圓心，沿所述出光面的半径方向至少设置有菲涅尔环纹面和平 面；
所述配光曲面，用于将入射到所述反射面上的光线折射至所述菲涅尔环纹 面以及所述平面；
所述反射曲面， 用于将入射到所述反射曲面上的光线准直反射至所述平 面；
所述菲涅尔环纹面，用于将经所述配光曲面后入射到所述菲涅尔环纹面上 的光线准直投射出所述出光面；
所述平面， 用于将经所述配光曲面后入射的光线全反射至所述反射曲面， 进一步，在所述反射面的中心位置设置有第一凸面，在所述出光面的中心 位置设置有第二凸面； 所述第一凸面与所述第二凸面满足柯勒照明条件。
进一步，所述配光曲面对入射到所述配光曲面的光线的配光满足以下正切 条件：
^2 = tan_1 (— · tan ^)
90
其中， Θ1 为入射到所述配光曲面的光线与所述光学透镜的中心光轴间的 夹角， Θ2 为所述入射到所述配光曲面的光线经所述配光曲面折射后的光线与 所述光学透镜的中心光轴间的夹角， Θ是所述平面的外周边缘到所述光学透镜 反射面的中心位置与所述光学透镜的中心光轴之间的夹角。
进一步， 所述 Θ为 65° 。
进一步， 所述反射曲面上设置有屋脊棱镜阵列， 所述屋脊棱镜以所述反射 面的中心位置为圓心， 以 360。旋转排列； 所述屋脊棱镜阵列用于将入射到所 述反射曲面上的光线准直反射至所述平面。
进一步， 所述屋脊棱镜的形状为直角 V-槽结构， 入射至所述屋脊棱镜上 面； 所述直角 V-槽结构的横截面为直角三角形， 直角顶点位于所述反射曲面， 两直角边分别位于所述直角 V-槽结构的两个侧面。
进一步， 相邻两个屋脊棱镜的角度间距为 0.5°~10°。
优选地， 相邻两个屋脊棱镜的角度间距为 1。 。
一种矿帽灯， 包括前述任一项中的光学透镜和光源部件。 进一步， 所述光源部件为单颗 LED灯。
本发明实施例中的光学透镜通过上述设置，可以将光源部件发出的光线准 直射出，形成聚焦光斑，实现了光束的窄角度输出，而且该光学透镜的口径大、 厚度薄、 重量轻。
附图说明 为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施 例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作筒单地介绍，显而易见地， 下面描述 中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例， 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付 出创造性劳动性的前提下， 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1是现有技术中 LED矿帽灯的结构示意图；
图 2是本发明实施例一种光学透镜的剖面图；
图 3a是本发明实施例一种光学透镜的剖面图；
图 3b是图 3a所示实施例中光学透镜的底视图；
图 3c是图 3a所示实施例中光学透镜的俯视图；
图 3d是图 3a所示实施例中光学透镜的等轴侧视图；
图 4是图 3a所示实施例中第一凸面、 第二凸面的光路图；
图 5是图 3a所示实施例中配光曲面的配光示意图；
图 6是图 3a所示实施例中配光曲面的 Θ2与 Θ1的关系示意图；
图 7是图 3a所示实施例中光线经过菲涅尔环纹面和平面的光路示意图； 图 8a~8b是图 3a所示实施例中光线在屋脊棱镜内的全反射示意图； 图 9是装配有本发明实施例的光学透镜的矿帽灯在 1米远处的光斑图像； 图 10是本发明实施例中的光学透镜的光线追迹示意图；
图 11是本发明实施例中的光学透镜在 1米远处的照度分布图；
图 12是本发明实施例的光学透镜的光强远场角度分布图；
图 13是装配有本发明实施例的光学透镜的矿帽灯的实测配光曲线图。
具体实施方式 为了使本领域技术人员能进一步了解本发明的特征及技术内容，请参阅以 下有关本发明的详细说明与附图， 附图仅提供参考与说明， 并非用来限制本发 明。 下面结合附图和实施例， 对本发明的技术方案进行描述。
参见图 2, 为本发明实施例一种光学透镜的剖面图。
该光学透镜包括反射面 21和出光面 22, 其中， 以反射面 21的中心位置 为圓心， 沿反射面 21的半径方向至少设置有配光曲面 211和反射曲面 212; 以出光面 22的中心位置为圓心，沿出光面 22的半径方向至少设置有菲涅尔环 纹面 221和平面 222。
配光曲面 211用于将入射到反射面 21上的光线折射至菲涅尔环纹面 221 以及平面 222; 反射曲面 212用于将入射到该反射曲面 212上的光线准直反射 至平面 222。 菲涅尔环纹面 221用于将入射到该菲涅尔环纹面 221上的光线准 直射出出光面 22; 平面 222用于将经配光曲面 221后入射的光线全反射至反 光线在透镜中经过了两次折叠全反射（平面 222及反射曲面 212 ), 其可以在 较薄的厚度内实现比较长的焦距， 因此投射出的光斑可以实现窄角度输出。
光源部件发出的光线首先经过该光学透镜反射面 21 的配光曲面 211 , 经 过配光曲面 211折射后入射至菲涅尔环纹面 221和平面 222, 入射至菲涅尔环 纹面 221的光线准直射出出光面 22, 入射至平面 222的光线， 达到平面 222 的全反射条件， 被全反射至反射曲面 212, 反射曲面 212将入射光线准直反射 后， 经平面 222投射出出光面 22。
本发明实施例中的光学透镜通过上述设置，让光线在透镜内部经过两次折 叠反射， 其将很长的光程折叠在较薄的厚度内， 可以将光源部件发出的光线准 直射出， 形成聚焦光斑。 由于本发明实施例中光学透镜的焦距较图 1所示的现 有技术的透镜（只有一次全反射）的焦距更长， 根据该光学透镜满足的光束角
(全角 2Θ ) 的大小为 ^：?. ^!!-1^^ 的规律， 其实现了光束的窄角度输出，
2/ J
而且该光学透镜的口径大、 厚度薄、 重量轻。 公式中 D为芯片发光面对角线 的长度， f为透镜的焦距。 假设 LED芯片发光面对角线长度为 mm, 当焦距 f大于 16.2mm时， 其输出光束的角度小于 5°。 参见图 3a, 为本发明实施例一种光学透镜的剖面图； 图 3b为该光学透镜 的底视图； 图 3c为该光学透镜的俯视图； 图 3d为该光学透镜的等轴侧视图。 本实施例中， 该光学透镜为圓形的透镜， 包括反射面 31和出光面 32, 如 图 3a、 3b所示， 反射面包括第一凸面 311 , 配光曲面 312, 过渡曲面 313和反 射曲面 314; 如图 3a、 3c、 3d所示， 出光面包括第二凸面 321 , 菲涅尔环纹面 322和平面 323。 反射面和出光面的外周还可以设置法兰 33 , 用于与其它装置 固定等， 其对光学没有影响， 可以是任意形状。
第一凸面 311位于光学透镜的反射面 31的中心位置，用于收集 LED芯片 发出的光线， 并将光线汇聚于第二凸面 321的顶点处； 配光曲面 312为一以反 射面 31的中心位置为圓心， 环绕第一凸面 311设置的回转弧面， 用于将 LED 芯片发出的光线均匀分配于菲涅尔环纹面 322和平面 323处； 过渡曲面 313 为非光学表面， 是环绕配光曲面 312设置的回转弧面或其他类型的曲面或锥 面； 反射曲面 314为以反射面 31的中心位置为圓心， 环绕过渡曲面 314设置 第二凸面 321位于出光面 32的中心位置， 且与第一凸面 311正对， 用于 将汇聚于该第二凸面 321顶点处的光线投射出去；菲涅尔环纹面 322以出光面 32的中心位置为圓心， 环绕第二凸面 321设置， 用于将配光曲面 312分配的 入射光线准直投射出去； 平面 323以出光面 32的中心位置为圓心， 环绕菲涅 尔环纹面 322设置， 用于对配光曲面 312分配的入射光线全反射至反射曲面 314处。
其中， 第一凸面 311位于反射面的正中间， 该第一凸面 311与出光面上的 第二凸面 321的焦平面位置重合，第一凸面 311及第二凸面 321满足柯勒照明 条件， 即第一凸面 311将 LED芯片发光面的像， 成像于第二凸面 321的顶点 H位置， 而第一凸面 311的光瞳的形状则通过第二凸面 321投射到远处。 如图 4所示， 从 LED芯片发光面中心 0点位置发出的、 与该光学透镜的光轴 OZ 的夹角比较小的这一部分光线（本发明优选这部分光线与光轴 OZ的最大夹角 为 ±15。），被第一凸面 311收集，经折射后聚焦到第二凸面 321的顶点 H位置， 并投射出去。通过第二凸面 321投射出去的光斑形状为第一凸面 311的孔径的 形状， 其为圓形， 该第一凸面 311和第二凸面 321的设置避免了由于芯片的形 状而投射出来的方形光斑。该第二凸面 321投射的光斑， 其光束半角的正切值 等于凸面 11的孔径的一半与凸面 321的焦距的比值， 其在 ±10。~±20。之间， 这 里优选这部分的光束角为 ±15。。该第一凸面 311和第二凸面 321投射的这部分 光束， 是作为环境光使用的。
配光曲面 312对从 LED芯片发光面中心 0点位置发出的、 与光轴 OZ的 夹角比较大的这一部分光线（本发明优选这部分光线与光轴 OZ的最大夹角为
±15。~±90。之间）进行配光， 配光后光束入射到该光学透镜顶部的菲涅尔环纹 面 322以及平面 323上。如图 5所示， 为了便于对配光曲面 312的配光原理进 行解释，假设配光曲面 312—直延伸到 OZ轴处，也即忽略中间的第一凸面 311 , 从 LED射出的光线与光轴 OZ的夹角为 Θ1 , 经过配光曲面 312配光后， 折射 光线与光轴 OZ的夹角为 Θ2 (配光角）， 那么当 Θ1从 0°至 90°变化时， Θ2的配 光满足以下正切条件：
^2 = tan_1 (— - tan ^)
90
其中， Θ是平面 323的外周边缘到 LED芯片发光面中心 0点 （或反射面 的中心位置） 与 OZ轴之间的夹角。 满足该正切条件， 其主要目的是将从 LED射出的 0~90。的光束比较均匀 地分布在平面 323所占的口径中。
本实施例中， 若平面 323的外周边缘到 LED芯片发光面中心 0点 （或反 射面的中心位置）与 OZ轴之间的夹角大概是 65。左右， 则 Θ2的配光满足以下 正切条件：
^2 = tan_1 (—— tan 65。）
90° 如图 6所示， 当 LED的出射光线从 0°至 90°变化时， 经配光曲面 312后 的折射光线按照以上的正切条件将全部分布在 0。~65。之间。
经配光曲面 312 配光后， 光束入射到该光学透镜出光面的菲涅尔环纹面 322以及平面 323上。 其中， 菲涅尔环纹面 322将其中入射角比较小的光线直 接准直射出， 如图 7所示。
另外一部分光束入射角比较大， 达到全反射条件的光线被平面 323 全反 射， 反射后入射到该光学透镜底部的反射曲面 314 上， 然后被反射曲面 314 反射后经平面 323射出， 如图 7所示。 在另一实施例中， 该平面 323上也可以 设置反射膜， 用于将入射的光线反射至反射曲面 314处。
其中， 入射到反射曲面 314的光线， 由于入射角比较小， 未能达到全反射 条件， 所以需要对该反射曲面 314进行一定的工艺处理， 以将光线反射至平面 323„
在具体实现时， 可以将该反射曲面 314上镀反射膜， 以将这部分光线再次 反射并由平面 323准直射出， 但是， 增加镀膜工艺不仅增加了制作成本， 而且 反射膜在矿区的强酸强碱的恶劣环境下容易脱落。
当然也还可以通过其它工艺实现反射曲面 314对入射光线的全反射， 例 如， 在本实施例中， 在反射曲面 314上设置了微小的屋脊棱镜（Roof Prisms ) 阵列， 结构相同的微小屋脊棱镜以 LED芯片发光面的中心 0点（或以反射面 31的中心位置） 为圓心， 按照 360°做旋转阵列。 该屋脊棱镜阵列用于将入射 到反射曲面 314上的光线准直反射至平面 323。 每个微小屋脊棱镜的形状都为 相同的直角 V-槽结构， 入射至屋脊棱镜上的光线依次在直角 V-槽结构的两个 侧面进行全反射后准直入射至平面 323 , 并经平面 323准直射出。
光线在微小屋脊棱镜内的全反射原理如图 8a~8b所示，以一个屋脊棱镜为 例， 该直角 V-槽结构的横截面为直角三角形， 直角顶点位于反射曲面 314, 两 直角边分别位于直角 V-槽结构的两个侧面， 垂直于 V-槽结构的剖面轮廓线 Q1P1R1为一个直角三角形， 其底部夹角 ZQ1P1R1为 90°的直角。 因此， 入射 到反射曲面 314的光线 BC1 , 其可以在直角 V-槽结构的屋脊棱镜内做两次全 反射， 首先是被屋脊棱镜的第一侧面 P1Q1Q2P2全反射， 反射光线为 C1C2, 然后被屋脊棱镜的第二侧面 P1R1R2P2全反射，反射光线为 C2D,该反射光线 最后通过平面 323准直射出。
该屋脊棱镜（Roof Prisms ) 阵列， 理论上可以做到 100%的全反射， 没有 光能的损耗。 相邻两个微棱镜的角度间距可以为 0.5。~10。， 角度距离即微小屋 脊棱镜围绕光轴 OZ为中心轴作回转阵列， 相邻两个棱镜的脊线围绕光轴 OZ 所形成的夹角。 本发明优选相邻两个微棱镜的角度间距为 1°。
如图 9所示，为装配有本发明实施例的光学透镜的矿帽灯在 1米远处的光 斑的照片， 可以看出光斑非常干净、 过渡柔和， 没有任何杂散光。 光斑由中间 一个非常亮的圓形亮斑， 以及外圏稍暗的一个圓形光斑组成， 其中， 中间非常 亮的圓形亮斑， 由设置了微小的屋脊棱镜（Roof Prisms )阵列的反射曲面 314 所产生， 另外位于亮斑外圏稍暗的一个圓形光斑， 其由光线透镜的第一凸面 311、 第二凸面 321以及菲涅尔环纹面 322所产生。
以下为本发明实施例中的光学透镜的计算机模拟， 假设 LED 为飞利浦
( philips ) 的 Luxeon Rebel DS56 LED, 单颗 LED的光通量为 90流明。 图 10 为本发明实施例中的光学透镜的光线追迹， 图 11为 1米远处的照度分布， 可 以看出光斑的形状为圓形， 光斑大小约 φΙΟΟιηιη左右， 屏幕上最大的照度值为 16100.2187 Lux, 屏幕上收集的光通量为 77.2796469135825820 流明， 即透镜 的光学效率约为：
η=77.2796469135825820/90·100%=85.866274348425091111111111111111% 图 12为本发明实施例的光学透镜的光强远场角度分布， 即配光曲线， 峰 值光强一半位置处的光束角宽度约为 ± 1.7。。 图 13 为装配有本发明实施例的 光学透镜的矿帽灯的实测配光曲线， 所用的稳压电流为 105mA, 测得光斑在 峰值光强一半位置处的光束角全角约为 3.3。。
本发明实施例中的光学透镜通过上述结构实现了光束的窄角度输出，而且 透镜的口径大、 厚度薄、 重量轻。 只需一颗 LED灯即可达到照度要求， 而且 可实现长时间作业。该光学透镜无需设置反射膜，避免了反射膜在强酸及强碱 等恶劣的环境下， 容易出现的脱落， 或生锈、 腐蚀情况。
本发明实施例还提供了一种矿帽灯，包括光源部件及固定在该光源部件外 部的光学透镜， 该光源部件可以是 LED等， 该光学透镜可以是上述实施例中 所述的光学透镜， 具体细节请参见前述实施例的描述， 此处不再赘述。
以上所述的本发明实施方式， 并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。任何在 本发明的精神和原则之内所作的修改、等同替换和改进等， 均应包含在本发明 的权利要求保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种光学透镜， 其特征在于， 包括反射面和出光面， 其中， 以所述反 射面的中心位置为圓心，沿所述反射面的半径方向至少设置有配光曲面和反射 曲面； 以所述出光面的中心位置为圓心， 沿所述出光面的半径方向至少设置有 菲涅尔环纹面和平面；
所述配光曲面，用于将入射到所述反射面上的光线折射至所述菲涅尔环纹 面以及所述平面；
所述反射曲面， 用于将入射到所述反射曲面上的光线准直反射至所述平 面；
所述菲涅尔环纹面，用于将经所述配光曲面后入射到所述菲涅尔环纹面上 的光线准直投射出所述出光面；
所述平面， 用于将经所述配光曲面后入射的光线全反射至所述反射曲面，
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的光学透镜， 其特征在于， 在所述反射面的中心 位置设置有第一凸面，在所述出光面的中心位置设置有第二凸面； 所述第一凸 面与所述第二凸面满足柯勒照明条件。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的光学透镜， 其特征在于， 所述配光曲面对入射 到所述配光曲面的光线的配光满足以下正切条件：
^2 = tan_1 (— - tan ^)
90
其中， Θ1 为入射到所述配光曲面的光线与所述光学透镜的中心光轴间的 夹角， Θ2 为所述入射到所述配光曲面的光线经所述配光曲面折射后的光线与 所述光学透镜的中心光轴间的夹角， Θ是所述平面的外周边缘到所述光学透镜 反射面的中心位置与所述光学透镜的中心光轴之间的夹角。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的光学透镜， 其特征在于， 所述 Θ为 65。 。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的光学透镜， 其特征在于， 所述反射曲面上设置 有屋脊棱镜阵列， 所述屋脊棱镜以所述反射面的中心位置为圓心， 以 360。旋 转排列；所述屋脊棱镜阵列用于将入射到所述反射曲面上的光线准直反射至所 述平面。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的光学透镜， 其特征在于， 所述屋脊棱镜的形状 为直角 v-槽结构， 入射至所述屋脊棱镜上的光线依次在所述直角 V-槽结构的 两个侧面进行全反射后准直入射至所述平面； 所述直角 V-槽结构的横截面为 直角三角形， 直角顶点位于所述反射曲面， 两直角边分别位于所述直角 V-槽 结构的两个侧面。
7、 根据权利要求 5所述的光学透镜， 其特征在于， 相邻两个屋脊棱镜的 角度间距为 0.5°~10°。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的光学透镜， 其特征在于， 相邻两个屋脊棱镜的 角度间距为 Γ 。
9、 一种矿帽灯， 其特征在于， 包括如权利要求 1至 8中任意一项所述的 光学透镜和光源部件。
10、 根据权利要求 9 所述的矿帽灯， 其特征在于， 所述光源部件为单颗 LED灯。
PCT/CN2013/072170 2012-07-13 2013-03-05 一种光学透镜及一种矿帽灯 WO2014008762A1 (zh)

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