WO2014005436A1 - 四极化天线振子、四极化天线和四极化多天线阵 - Google Patents

四极化天线振子、四极化天线和四极化多天线阵 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014005436A1
WO2014005436A1 PCT/CN2013/072284 CN2013072284W WO2014005436A1 WO 2014005436 A1 WO2014005436 A1 WO 2014005436A1 CN 2013072284 W CN2013072284 W CN 2013072284W WO 2014005436 A1 WO2014005436 A1 WO 2014005436A1
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Prior art keywords
polarized
antenna
polarized antenna
quad
polarization direction
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PCT/CN2013/072284
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
毕奇
谢伟良
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中国电信股份有限公司
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Application filed by 中国电信股份有限公司 filed Critical 中国电信股份有限公司
Priority to EP13813786.4A priority Critical patent/EP2871717A4/en
Priority to JP2015518797A priority patent/JP6084690B2/ja
Publication of WO2014005436A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014005436A1/zh
Priority to US14/588,000 priority patent/US9698494B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/40—Radiating elements coated with or embedded in protective material
    • H01Q1/405—Radome integrated radiating elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/26—Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a quad-polarized antenna oscillator, a quadrupole antenna, and a quad-polarized multi-antenna array. Background technique
  • the mobile communication network has developed to the third generation (The Third Generation, 3G), and the 3G network has been deployed and commercialized on a large scale worldwide.
  • the Third Generation, 3G Third Generation
  • the International Telecommunications Standards Organization is developing technical standards such as Long Time Evolution (LTE) and 4G to meet the continuous development of network technology and service capabilities.
  • LTE Long Time Evolution
  • 4G 4G
  • MIMO technology is the most critical core technology in LTE and future 4G technologies because Multiple Input and Multiple Output (MIMO) technology can fully utilize independent spatial propagation paths to improve network service rate and link performance. one.
  • the 2G and 3G networks use low-band resources.
  • GSM Global System of Mobile communication
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • LTE and 4G will likely use the frequency band above 2 GHz, so the signal propagation of 2G and 3G networks will be better than that of LTE and 4G systems.
  • LTE and 4G systems need to enhance coverage by MIMO multi-antenna technology to achieve the same coverage level as 2G/3G base stations.
  • MIMO multi-antenna technology In order to improve the coverage level of LTE and 4G systems, it is necessary to increase LTE as much as possible. And the number of MIMO antennas of the 4G system.
  • MIMO multi-antenna technology applications multiple sets of antennas are required for signal transmission and reception.
  • the existing MIMO multi-antenna deployment scheme generally uses a certain number of antennas to pull apart between certain antennas. The horizontal distance enables the purpose of transmitting and receiving signals by multiple antennas.
  • this kind of solution can be very difficult for operators to deploy the network.
  • the general configuration is: 2x2, 4x2, 4x4, etc., which requires the base station to have 4 antennas for transmitting and receiving signals.
  • the mainstream 2x2 MIMO antenna design generally adopts a dual-polarized antenna to meet the requirements. Since the polarization of the two polarization directions in the two polarization directions is weak, the 12x2 MIMO antenna design requirements can be satisfied. Due to the addition of antennas, signal combining or diversity processing can be performed on each antenna to improve system performance. For the 4x2 and 4x4 MIMO antennas, in addition to the dual-polarization mode, two antennas need to be added.
  • the conventional idea is to horizontally pull two independent dual-polarized antennas horizontally, usually 1-10 ⁇ ( ⁇ For the antenna frequency band center frequency point), the specific wavelength number is related to the wireless propagation environment between the transmitter and the receiver, but in order to ensure weak correlation, the spacing is generally larger as possible.
  • the result of this horizontal isolation is that there is a requirement for the base space of the base station, and two sets of antenna installation systems need to be installed.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a quad-polarized antenna vibrator, a quad-polarized antenna and a quad-polarized multi-antenna array, which are reduced by integrating four polarized vibrators having different polarization directions into one antenna vibrator.
  • the width of the MIMO multi-antenna also avoids the requirement of horizontal isolation between the two columns of dual-polarized antennas, thereby avoiding the Additional space requirements are proposed to ensure smooth deployment of LT E and 4 G networks.
  • a quadrature polarized antenna element including four polarized vibrators, wherein a center point of four polarized vibrators coincides, a polarization direction of the first polarized vibrator is a horizontal direction, and a second pole
  • the polarization direction of the vibrator is perpendicular to the horizontal direction.
  • the angle between the polarization direction of the third polarization oscillator and the horizontal direction is 45 degrees
  • the angle between the polarization direction of the fourth polarization oscillator and the horizontal direction is -45 degrees.
  • a four-polarized antenna comprising at least one quad-polarized antenna element arranged in a longitudinal direction, wherein the quad-polarized antenna element is a quad-polarized antenna element as described in the above embodiment , the same polarization oscillator is jointly constructed to form the polarization direction antenna;
  • the quad-polarized antenna includes four polarized antennas, the polarization direction of the first polarized antenna is horizontal, the polarization direction of the second polarized antenna is perpendicular to the horizontal direction, and the polarization direction and horizontal direction of the third polarized antenna The angle between the polarization direction of the fourth polarized antenna and the horizontal direction is -45 degrees.
  • the distance between two adjacent four-polarized antenna elements is 0.5 ⁇ _ 1 ⁇ , where ⁇ is the center frequency point wavelength of the antenna frequency band.
  • each polarized antenna can be used for uplink receiving processing.
  • the second polarized antenna has the highest priority, and the first polarized antenna has the lowest priority.
  • the third polarized antenna and the fourth polarized antenna have the highest priority, and the first polarized antenna has the lowest priority.
  • a quad-polarized multi-antenna array comprising at least two quad-polarized antennas arranged horizontally, wherein the quad-polarized antenna is the quad-polarized antenna according to any one of the preceding embodiments, And the horizontal separation distance between two adjacent four-polarized antennas is greater than 0.5 ⁇ , where ⁇ is the center frequency of the antenna frequency band.
  • the quadrupole antenna array can be packaged in a physical radome, thereby forming Into a physical antenna.
  • the present invention reduces the width of the antenna by integrating four polarized vibrators having different polarization directions into one antenna element, and also avoids the requirement of horizontal isolation between the two columns of dual-polarized antennas. No additional space requirements will be placed on the base station to ensure the smooth deployment of LTE and 4G networks.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a four-polarized antenna oscillator according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a four-polarized antenna of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a quad-polar multi-array array of the present invention. detailed description
  • the quad-polarized antenna element includes four polarized vibrators, wherein the midpoints of the four polarized vibrators coincide, the polarization direction of the first polarized vibrator 1 is horizontal, and the second polarized vibrator 2
  • the polarization direction is perpendicular to the horizontal direction, and the angle between the polarization direction of the third polarization element 3 and the horizontal direction is 45 degrees, and the angle between the polarization direction of the fourth polarization element 4 and the horizontal direction is -45 degrees.
  • four polarizationd oscillators are integrated in one antenna element, wherein the center points of the four polarization oscillators coincide, and the polarization direction of the first polarization oscillator is horizontal
  • the polarization direction of the second polarized vibrator is perpendicular to the horizontal direction, and the angle between the polarization direction of the third polarized vibrator and the horizontal direction is 45 degrees, and the angle between the polarization direction of the fourth polarized vibrator and the horizontal direction is - 45 degree.
  • the day is reduced
  • the width of the line also avoids the requirement of horizontal isolation between the two columns of dual-polarized antennas, so no additional space requirements are imposed on the base station to ensure smooth deployment of LTE and 4G networks.
  • the four polarized vibrators in the quad-polarized antenna vibrator are located in the same plane, or may be located in different planes, for example, the first and second polarized vibrators may be located in one plane, and the third and fourth polarizations are The vibrator can be located in another plane.
  • the quad-polarized antenna 10 includes at least one quad-polarized antenna element 11 arranged in the longitudinal direction, wherein the quad-polarized antenna element is a quad-polarized antenna element as shown in FIG. 1, and the same polarized oscillator is common.
  • the antenna forming the polarization direction is constructed. among them:
  • the quad-polarized antenna includes four polarized antennas, the polarization direction of the first polarized antenna is horizontal, the polarization direction of the second polarized antenna is perpendicular to the horizontal direction, and the polarization direction and horizontal direction of the third polarized antenna The angle between the polarization direction of the fourth polarized antenna and the horizontal direction is -45 degrees.
  • the quad-polarized antenna includes at least one quad-polarized antenna element arranged in the longitudinal direction, and the same polarized vibrator is jointly constructed to form the polarization direction antenna, and the quad-polarized antenna includes Four polarized antennas, the polarization direction of the first polarized antenna is horizontal, the polarization direction of the second polarized antenna is perpendicular to the horizontal direction, and the angle between the polarization direction of the third polarized antenna and the horizontal direction is 45 The angle between the polarization direction of the fourth polarized antenna and the horizontal direction is -45 degrees.
  • the width of the antenna is reduced, and the requirement of horizontal isolation between the two columns of dual-polarized antennas is also avoided, so Additional space requirements are imposed on the base station to ensure smooth deployment of LTE and 4G networks.
  • the number of four-polarized antenna elements can be set according to the antenna gain requirement.
  • the spacing between adjacent two quad-polarized antenna elements ranges from 0.5 ⁇ to 1 ⁇ , where ⁇ is the center frequency point wavelength of the antenna band.
  • ⁇ is the center frequency point wavelength of the antenna band.
  • each antenna can receive an uplink signal, and the base station uplink receiving processing unit can combine the uplink receiving signals of each antenna to obtain an uplink multi-antenna processing gain, so each of the quad-polarized antennas A polarized antenna will be used for uplink reception processing.
  • the priority of the first polarized antenna will be the lowest for the downlink transmit antenna.
  • the second-polarized antenna has the highest priority while considering the best propagation characteristics of the 90-degree polarization, while the first-polarized antenna has the lowest priority.
  • the third-polarized antenna and the fourth-polarized antenna have the highest priority while considering the orthogonality between the required signals in the MIMO system, and the first-polarized antenna has the lowest priority.
  • the antenna port can be set at the bottom of the antenna. Because quadrupole antennas are used, there are four antenna ports at the bottom of the antenna, which correspond to four polarized antennas in the polarization direction.
  • the quad-polarized multi-antenna array includes at least two quad-polarized antennas 10 arranged horizontally, wherein the quad-polarized antenna 10 is a quad-polarized antenna involved in the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the horizontal separation distance between the root quadrupole antennas is greater than 0.5 ⁇ , where ⁇ is the center frequency point wavelength of the antenna band.
  • the quad-polarized multi-antenna array includes at least two quad-polarized antennas arranged horizontally, wherein the quad-polarized antenna is the quad-polarized antenna involved in the foregoing embodiment, And the horizontal separation distance between two adjacent four-polarized antennas is greater than 0.5 ⁇ , where ⁇ is the center frequency of the antenna frequency band.
  • the antenna is reduced by integrating four polarized antennas with different polarization directions into one antenna The width also avoids the requirement of horizontal isolation between the two columns of dual-polarized antennas, so no additional space requirements are imposed on the base station to ensure the smooth deployment of LTE and 4G networks.
  • the above-mentioned quadrupole multi-array array can be packaged in a physical radome to form a physical antenna, which is more conducive to the construction and deployment of the MIMO multi-antenna.
  • the multi-antenna isolation requirement in implementing the MIMO antenna 4x2 or 4x4 configuration can be circumvented, and the requirement for the horizontal width dimension of the antenna in the configuration of the higher MIMO antenna can also be reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种四极化天线振子、四极化天线和四极化多天线阵。其中在四极化天线振子中包括四个极化振子，四个极化振子的中点重合，第一极化振子的极化方向为水平方向，第二极化振子的极化方向与水平方向垂直，第三极化振子的极化方向与水平方向的夹角为45度，第四极化振子的极化方向与水平方向的夹角为−45度。通过将四个具有不同极化方向的极化振子集成在一个天线振子中，从而减小了天线的宽度，同时也避免了两列双极化天线之间需要有水平隔离的要求，因此不会对基站天面提出额外的空间要求，以保证LTE和4G网络的顺利部署。

Description

四极化天线振子、 四极化天线和四极化多天线阵 技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域， 特别是涉及一种四极化天线振子、 四极 化天线和四极化多天线阵。 背景技术
目 前移动通信网络已经发展到了第三代 （ The Third Generation, 简称： 3G ) ， 3G网络已经在世界范围内大规模部署并 商用。 随着数据业务及移动互联网的不断普及和推广， 国际通信标 准组织正在制定移动通信长期演进 ( Long Time Evolution, 简称： LTE )及 4G等技术标准， 以满足网络技术和服务能力地不断发展。 由于多输入多输出 （Multiple Input and Multiple Output, 简称： MIMO )技术可以充分使用独立空间传播路径来提升网络服务速率 和链路性能， 因此 MIMO技术成为在 LTE及未来 4G技术中最关键的 核心技术之一。
目前 2G及 3G网络大多数使用低频段资源，例如全球移动通信系 统（ Global System of Mobile communication, 简称： GSM )使用 900MHz,码分多址（Code Division Multiple Access, 简称： CDMA ) 系统使用 800MHz， 而 LTE和 4G未来将很可能使用 2GHz以上频段， 这样 2G和 3G网络的信号传播将优于 LTE和 4G系统， 在目前基站站 址很难增加的情况下， 运营商一般会采用多系统共基站建设方案来 部署 LTE和 4G网络，这样 LTE和 4G系统就需要通过 MIMO多天线技 术来增强覆盖以达到与 2G/3G基站相同的覆盖水平， 为了提升 LTE 和 4G系统覆盖水平，需要尽可能的增多 LTE和 4G系统的 MIMO天线 数。
对于 MIMO多天线技术应用， 需要多套天线进行信号的收发， 现有的 MIMO多天线部署方案一般是采用多根天线之间拉开一定的 水平距离， 从而实现多天线收发信号的目的。 但是， 这种方案对于 运营商部署网络来说， 会造成很大的难度。
具体对于 MIMO天线， 一般的配置有： 2x2、 4x2、 4x4等， 这 样就需要基站有 4根天线用于发射和接收信号。 目前， 主流的 2x2 MIMO天线设计方案一般采用双极化天线来满足要求， 由于双极化 天线的 2个极化方向上的相关性较弱， 所以可以满 12x2 MIMO天线 设计要求。 由于增加了天线， 可以对各个天线进行信号合并或分集 处理， 提升系统性能。 对于 4x2和 4x4的 MIMO天线， 除了双极化方 式之外， 还需要增加两根天线， 传统的思路一般是将两根独立的双 极化天线水平拉开一定间距， 通常是 1-10λ ( λ为天线频段中心频点 波长） ， 具体波长数与发射机和接收机之间的无线传播环境有关， 但是为了保证弱相关， 间距一般越大越好。 这种水平隔离的方式， 带来的结果就是对基站天面空间有要求， 需要架设两套天线安装系 统。 同时， 在实际工程中还需要保证水平隔离的 2根双极化天线下倾 角一致， 而且由于水平隔离的 MIMO天线增加了基站天面上物理天 线的数量， 会增加运营商与基站站址物业协调的难度， 所以上述水 平隔离模式的 MIMO天线在网络实际建设和部署中有一定的难度。
因为现在人们对于电磁辐射问题的高度关注， 很多基站的站址 很难增加独立物理天线数量， 同时很多基站很难有足够的空间来保 证多根天线的水平隔离距离，特别是当 MIMO天线数要求达到 艮及 4根以上的场景。因此，采用多根物理天线的方案并不利于 LTE和 4G 网络的部署。 发明内容
本发明的目的是： 提供一种四极化天线振子、 四极化天线和 四极化多天线阵， 通过将四个具有不同极化方向的极化振子集成在 一个天线振子中，从而减小了 MIMO多天线的宽度， 同时也避免了 两列双极化天线之间需要有水平隔离的要求， 从而避免对基站天面 提出额外的空间要求， 以保证 LT E和 4 G网络的顺利部署。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种四极化天线振子， 包括四个 极化振子， 其中四个极化振子的中点重合， 第一极化振子的极化方 向为水平方向， 第二极化振子的极化方向与水平方向垂直， 第三极 化振子的极化方向与水平方向的夹角为 45度，第四极化振子的极化 方向与水平方向的夹角为- 45度。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供一种四极化天线， 包括在纵向方 向上排列的至少一个四极化天线振子， 其中四极化天线振子为如上 述实施例所述的四极化天线振子， 相同极化振子共同构建形成该极 化方向天线； 其中
四极化天线包括四个极化天线， 第一极化天线的极化方向为水 平方向， 第二极化天线的极化方向与水平方向垂直， 第三极化天线 的极化方向与水平方向的夹角为 45度，第四极化天线的极化方向与 水平方向的夹角为- 45度。
优选的， 当四极化天线振子的个数大于 1时， 相邻两个四极化 天线振子之间的间距范围是 0.5λ _ 1λ，其中 λ为天线频段中心频点波 长。
优选的， 对于上行接收系统， 每个极化天线能够用于上行接收 处理。
优选的，对于下行单发射系统， 第二极化天线的优先级别最高， 第一极化天线的优先级别最低。
优选的，对于下行双发射 ΜΙΜΟ系统， 第三极化天线和第四极 化天线的优先级别最高， 第一极化天线的优先级别最低。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供一种四极化多天线阵， 包括水平 排列的至少两根四极化天线， 其中四极化天线为上述任一实施例项 所述的四极化天线， 并且相邻两根四极化天线之间的水平间隔距离 范围大于 0.5λ， 其中 λ为天线频段中心频点波长。
优选的， 四极化天线阵能够封装在一个物理天线罩中， 从而形 成一根物理天线。
本发明通过将四个具有不同极化方向的极化振子集成在一个天 线振子中， 从而减小了天线的宽度， 同时也避免了两列双极化天线 之间需要有水平隔离的要求， 因此不会对基站天面提出额外的空间 要求， 以保证 LTE和 4G网络的顺利部署。 附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解， 构成本 申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明， 并不构成对本发明的不当限定。 在附图中：
图 1为本发明四极化天线振子一个实施例的示意图。
图 2为本发明四极化天线一个实施例的示意图。
图 3为本发明四极化多天线阵一个实施例的示意图。 具体实施方式
以下结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明。
图 1为本发明四极化天线振子一个实施例的示意图。 如图 1所 示， 四极化天线振子包括四个极化振子， 其中四个极化振子的中点 重合， 第一极化振子 1的极化方向为水平方向， 第二极化振子 2的 极化方向与水平方向垂直， 第三极化振子 3的极化方向与水平方向 的夹角为 45度，第四极化振子 4的极化方向与水平方向的夹角为- 45度。
基于本发明上述实施例提供的四极化天线振子， 通过在一个天 线振子中集成四个极化振子， 其中四个极化振子的中点重合， 第一 极化振子的极化方向为水平方向， 第二极化振子的极化方向与水平 方向垂直， 第三极化振子的极化方向与水平方向的夹角为 45度， 第 四极化振子的极化方向与水平方向的夹角为- 45度。 通过将四个具 有不同极化方向的极化振子集成在一个天线振子中， 从而减小了天 线的宽度， 同时也避免了两列双极化天线之间需要有水平隔离的要 求， 因此不会对基站天面提出额外的空间要求， 以保证 LTE和 4G 网络的顺利部署。
优选的， 四极化天线振子中的四个极化振子位于同一平面内， 也可以位于不同的平面内， 例如第一和第二极化振子可位于一个平 面内， 第三和第四极化振子可位于另一平面内。
图 2为本发明四极化天线一个实施例的示意图。 如图 2所示， 四极化天线 10 包括在纵向方向上排列的至少一个四极化天线振子 11， 其中四极化天线振子为图 1所示的四极化天线振子， 相同极化 振子共同构建形成该极化方向天线。 其中：
四极化天线包括四个极化天线， 第一极化天线的极化方向为水 平方向， 第二极化天线的极化方向与水平方向垂直， 第三极化天线 的极化方向与水平方向的夹角为 45度，第四极化天线的极化方向与 水平方向的夹角为- 45度。
基于本发明上述实施例提供的四极化天线， 四极化天线包括在 纵向方向上排列的至少一个四极化天线振子， 相同极化振子共同构 建形成该极化方向天线， 四极化天线包括四个极化天线， 第一极化 天线的极化方向为水平方向， 第二极化天线的极化方向与水平方向 垂直， 第三极化天线的极化方向与水平方向的夹角为 45度， 第四极 化天线的极化方向与水平方向的夹角为- 45度。 通过将四个具有不 同极化方向的极化天线集成在一副天线中，从而减小了天线的宽度， 同时也避免了两列双极化天线之间需要有水平隔离的要求， 因此不 会对基站天面提出额外的空间要求， 以保证 LTE和 4G网络的顺利 部署。
其中， 在一根四极化天线上， 四极化天线振子的数目可根据天 线增益要求来设置。 优选的， 在一根四极化天线上， 相邻两个四极 化天线振子之间的间距范围是 0.5λ - 1λ，其中 λ为天线频段中心频点 波长。 对于四极化天线， 在与 LTE系统进行配合工作时， 需要考虑具 体收发方案。 对于上行接收系统， 由于每根天线都可以接收到上行 信号， 并且基站上行接收处理单元可以对每根天线上行接收信号进 行合并处理， 从而获得上行多天线处理增益， 因此四极化天线中的 每一根极化天线都将用于上行接收处理。
对于下行发射系统， 考虑到 LTE终端处理能力有限和功耗问 题， 所以 LTE终端目前大部分仅仅支持的 MIMO维度为 2天线， 这也 导致了目前 LTE系统一般下行发射天线数量都会比上行接收天线数 量少， 因此就存在下行发射天线优先级问题。 从无线传播信号特征 来分析， 因为水平极化信号传播特性较差， 因此对于下行发射天线， 第一极化天线的优先级将最低。 对于下行单发射系统， 考虑到 90度 极化的传播特性最佳， 因此第二极化天线的优先级别最高， 同时第 一极化天线的优先级别最低。 对于下行双发射 MIMO系统， 考虑到 MIMO系统中要求信号之间要求有正交性， 所以第三极化天线和第 四极化天线的优先级别最高， 同时第一极化天线的优先级别最低。
可以将天线端口设置在天线整机的底部， 由于采用了四极化天 线振子， 因此天线底部需要有 4个天线端口， 分别对应着四个极化方 向上的极化天线。
图 3为本发明四极化多天线阵一个实施例的示意图。 如图 3所 示， 四极化多天线阵包括水平排列的至少两根四极化天线 10， 其中 四极化天线 10为图 2所示实施例中涉及的四极化天线，并且相邻两 根四极化天线之间的水平间隔距离范围大于 0.5λ，其中 λ为天线频段 中心频点波长。
基于本发明上述实施例提供的四极化多天线阵， 四极化多天线 阵包括水平排列的至少两根四极化天线， 其中四极化天线为上述实 施例中涉及的四极化天线， 并且相邻两根四极化天线之间的水平间 隔距离范围大于 0.5λ， 其中 λ为天线频段中心频点波长。 通过将四个 具有不同极化方向的极化天线集成在一副天线中， 从而减小了天线 的宽度，同时也避免了两列双极化天线之间需要有水平隔离的要求， 因此不会对基站天面提出额外的空间要求， 以保证 LTE和 4G网络的 顺利部署
优选的， 可以将上述的四极化多天线阵封装在一个物理天线罩 中，从而形成一根物理天线，将更加有利于 MIMO多天线的建设与 部署。
通过采用本发明的四极化多天线模式， 可以规避在实施 MIMO 天线 4x2或 4x4配置时的多天线隔离要求， 同时也可以降低更高 MIMO天线配置时对天线水平宽度尺寸的要求。
本发明的描述是为了示例和描述起见而给出的， 而并不是无遗 漏的或者将本发明限于所公开的形式。 很多修改和变化对于本领域 的普通技术人员而言是显然的。 选择和描述实施例是为了更好说明 本发明的原理和实际应用， 并且使本领域的普通技术人员能够理解 本发明从而设计适于特定用途的带有各种修改的各种实施例。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种四极化天线振子， 其特征在于， 包括四个极化振子， 其 中四个极化振子的中点重合，第一极化振子的极化方向为水平方向， 第二极化振子的极化方向与水平方向垂直， 第三极化振子的极化方 向与水平方向的夹角为 45度，第四极化振子的极化方向与水平方向 的夹角为- 45度。
2. 一种四极化天线， 其特征在于， 包括在纵向方向上排列的至 少一个四极化天线振子， 其中四极化天线振子为如权利要求 1所述 的四极化天线振子， 相同极化振子共同构建形成该极化方向天线； 其中
四极化天线包括四个极化天线， 第一极化天线的极化方向为水 平方向， 第二极化天线的极化方向与水平方向垂直， 第三极化天线 的极化方向与水平方向的夹角为 45度，第四极化天线的极化方向与 水平方向的夹角为- 45度。
3.根据权利要求 2所述的四极化天线， 其特征在于， 当四极化 天线振子的个数大于 1时， 相邻两个四极化天线振子之间的间距范 围是 0.5λ - 1λ， 其中 λ为天线频段中心频点波长。
4.根据权利要求 2或 3所述的四极化天线， 其特征在于， 对于 上行接收系统， 每个极化天线能够用于上行接收处理。
5.根据权利要求 2或 3所述的四极化天线， 其特征在于， 对于 下行单发射系统， 第二极化天线的优先级别最高， 第一极化天线的 优先级别最低。
6.根据权利要求 2或 3所述的四极化天线， 其特征在于， 对于 下行双发射 MIMO系统，第三极化天线和第四极化天线的优先级别 最高， 第一极化天线的优先级别最低。
7. 一种四极化多天线阵， 其特征在于， 包括水平排列的至少两 根四极化天线， 其中四极化天线为权利要求 2-6 中任一项所述的四 极化天线， 并且相邻两根四极化天线之间的水平间隔距离范围大于 0.5λ， 其中 λ为天线频段中心频点波长。
8.根据权利要求 7所述的四极化多天线阵， 其特征在于， 四极 化天线阵能够封装在一个物理天线罩中， 从而形成一根物理天线。
PCT/CN2013/072284 2012-07-05 2013-03-07 四极化天线振子、四极化天线和四极化多天线阵 WO2014005436A1 (zh)

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