WO2014000453A1 - 一种高阶调制方法、解映射方法以及相应装置 - Google Patents

一种高阶调制方法、解映射方法以及相应装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014000453A1
WO2014000453A1 PCT/CN2013/071753 CN2013071753W WO2014000453A1 WO 2014000453 A1 WO2014000453 A1 WO 2014000453A1 CN 2013071753 W CN2013071753 W CN 2013071753W WO 2014000453 A1 WO2014000453 A1 WO 2014000453A1
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Prior art keywords
bit data
symbol
coding
constellation points
disjoint
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PCT/CN2013/071753
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曾雁星
王光健
刘坤鹏
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP13808969.3A priority Critical patent/EP2869521B1/en
Publication of WO2014000453A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014000453A1/zh
Priority to US14/577,734 priority patent/US9225578B2/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/36Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
    • H04L27/365Modulation using digital generation of the modulated carrier (not including modulation of a digitally generated carrier)
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/3488Multiresolution systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/007Unequal error protection
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0078Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location
    • H04L1/0086Unequal error protection
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/38Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a high-order modulation method, a demapping method, and a corresponding device.
  • the academic community proposed a multi-layer code modulation solution for this topic, that is, the transmitted bit stream is demultiplexed and then divided into parallel sub-information streams for channel coding, and then unified symbol mapping is performed on each encoded bit data to generate Symbolic data stream.
  • the industry has proposed many engineering achievable solutions from the perspective of achievability and spectrum efficiency. For example, after demultiplexing the transmitted bit data, channel coding one parallel bit data is performed. One bit of data is not channel coded.
  • the mapping order of the high-order modulation constellation points, the code rate of the channel coding, the predefined mapping mode, and the like are comprehensively considered, and the two bits of the data are divided into two bits.
  • Important bit data and non-important bit data wherein the important bit data is used to divide the constellation points into disjoint sets of constellation points, called cosets, and therefore, channel coding is not performed on important bit data, instead of important bit data. Then, channel coding is performed, and the encoded coded bit data is further selected from the coset according to a predefined mapping manner.
  • the foregoing prior art can allocate different important bits and non-significant bits according to actual application scenarios to achieve different spectral efficiency.
  • the important bits are not subjected to complex channel coding but can be achieved and The same bit error rate/frame error rate performance is performed for the channel coding operation, which reduces the implementation complexity. Therefore, the prior art is somewhat complicated in spectrum efficiency and implementation. A compromise between the degrees is achieved.
  • the prior art mapping method when the high-order modulation is demodulated, since the decision on the important bit is only decided by the Euclidean distance minimum decision criterion, the decision rate of the symbol data is not high.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a high-order modulation method, a demapping method, and a corresponding device, which overcome the shortcomings of the prior art that the decision rate of the symbol data is not high when demodulating the high-order modulation.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a high-order modulation method, where the method includes:
  • the order of the quadrature amplitude modulation is not lower than 64; in the process of mapping the bit data into symbol data in the quadrature amplitude modulation, the bit data is divided into three parts,
  • the first part of the bit data is used to map to the constellation points, and the constellation points are divided into disjoint sets of constellation points, the sub-sets are called large areas;
  • the second partial bit data is used to map to the constellation points, and the constellation point sub-sets in each of the large regions are divided into disjoint sub-collections, and the disjoint subsets in the large regions are called cells;
  • the third portion of bit data is used to map to corresponding constellation points in the cell.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a demapping method, the method comprising:
  • the large area is a subset of constellation points that are divided into disjoint constellation points
  • the bit data mapped by the input symbols is determined according to a minimum distance demodulation criterion, a obtained subset of the decisions, and a large area in which the determined input symbols are located.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a high-order modulation device, the device comprising: a demultiplexing unit and a quadrature amplitude modulation unit;
  • the demultiplexing unit is configured to convert information to be transmitted into bit data, and demultiplex the bit data into more than one bit of data;
  • the quadrature amplitude modulation unit is configured to perform orthogonal amplitude adjustment on the bit data of the more than one way Generate symbol data, and output the generated symbol data;
  • the order of the quadrature amplitude modulation is not lower than 64; in the process of mapping the bit data into symbol data in the quadrature amplitude modulation, the bit data is divided into three parts,
  • the first part of the bit data is used to map to the constellation points, and the constellation points are divided into disjoint sets of constellation points, the sub-sets are called large areas;
  • the second partial bit data is used to map to the constellation points, and the constellation point sub-sets in each of the large regions are divided into disjoint sub-collections, and the disjoint subsets in the large regions are called cells;
  • the third portion of bit data is used to map to corresponding constellation points in the cell.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a demapping apparatus, where the apparatus includes: an acquiring unit, a determining a large unit, and a determining unit,
  • the obtaining unit is configured to perform demodulation determination on the input symbol to obtain a subset of the decision;
  • the determining large area unit is configured to determine a large area where the input symbol is located, and the large area is to divide the constellation point into a subset of disjoint constellation points;
  • the determining unit is configured to determine the bit data mapped by the input symbol according to the minimum distance demodulation criterion, the obtained subset of the decision, and the large area where the determined input symbol is located.
  • the embodiment of the present invention distinguishes important bits, and according to the difficulty level of the decision region, is divided into important bits that distinguish the large area and important bits that distinguish the cells, so that the demodulator can be further improved.
  • the correct rate of judgment is provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a high-order modulation method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a 64QAM constellation mapping according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a 256QAM constellation mapping according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a 512QAM constellation mapping according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a 1024QAM constellation mapping according to an embodiment of the present invention (a specific constellation point in a cell is not shown);
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a corresponding constellation point in a cell;
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a high-order modulation method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a 64QAM constellation mapping according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of a high-order modulation method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a 64QAM constellation mapping according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a high-order modulation apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention
  • FIG. 13b is another high-order modulation apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view of a demapping apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a high-order modulation method. As shown in FIG. 1, the method includes: Step 101: Convert information to be transmitted into bit data, and demultiplex the bit data into more than one bit data. ;
  • Step 102 Perform more than one bit of data to perform quadrature amplitude modulation to generate symbol data, and output the generated symbol data.
  • the order of the quadrature amplitude modulation is not lower than 64; in the process of mapping the bit data into symbol data in the quadrature amplitude modulation, the bit data is divided into three parts,
  • the first part of the bit data is used to map to the constellation points, and the constellation points are divided into disjoint constellation point sub-sets, which are called large areas;
  • the second partial bit data is used to map to the constellation points, and the constellation point sub-sets in each of the large regions are divided into disjoint sub-collections, and the disjoint subsets in the large region are called cells;
  • the third portion of bit data is used to map to corresponding constellation points in the cell.
  • the first partial bit data is used to map to the constellation point, and the constellation point is divided into disjoint constellation point sub-sets, and the sub-collection is called a large area
  • the bit data is used to divide the mapped constellation points into disjoint sets of constellation points according to the ease of the decision region, which is called a large region.
  • the difficulty level according to the decision region can be understood as: determining the difficulty level of the decision region by the power of the symbol represented by the corresponding constellation point, and the greater the power of the symbol, the judgment is easier because the corresponding letter The noise ratio is high and the decision rate is high.
  • the solution of the present invention first narrows the decision region according to the important bits of the distinguishing region, and then according to the minimum Euclidean distance. The criterion is judged in the reduced signal region (signal subset) to improve the decision accuracy rate.
  • the corresponding 4-bit data in the figure determines the constellation in a subset of symbols.
  • the position of the point is usually 4-bit data obtained by encoding Low Density Parity Check Code (LDPC); the symbols represented by the numbers 0 ⁇ 3 in the figure are from the input bit data. Part of it is determined.
  • the subset of decisions is AO, Al, A2, A3. If it is prior art, according to the minimum Euclidean distance decision, A3 is judged as the final decision symbol, and the corresponding bit is judged as 11 (the binary representation of 3).
  • the constellation point is divided into two large areas, that is, the area corresponding to 0 and 1, which is a large area, which is further divided into two cells of 0 and 1.
  • 2 and 3 form another large area, which is divided into two sub-areas of 2 and 3.
  • the large area of the received symbol is first judged, as shown in the two quadrants 0 and 1, so that the sub-set of the judgment is further reduced to AO, Al.
  • A1 is judged as the final decision symbol, so that the corresponding bit is judged as 01 (binary representation of 1).
  • the number 0 ⁇ 7 is determined by the remaining 3 bit data in the bit data in the input modulation mapper, and the important bit data and the non-important bit data can also be distinguished in the remaining bit data; wherein, the important bit data is used for
  • the constellation diagram as shown in 3 is divided into four large regions, for example: the symbols in Figure 3 are 0 and 1 belong to the same large region, the symbols with numbers 4 and 5 belong to the same large region, and the numbers are 2 and The symbols of 3 belong to the same large area, and the symbols of numbers 6 and 7 belong to the same Region. A subset of symbols of the same number is a divided cell.
  • FIG. 3 is only a specific implementation of the constellation diagram of the 128QAM, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the constellations corresponding to the disjoint cells are mapped.
  • the graph is divided into four large quadrants, each of which includes four small quadrants, which are determined by non-significant bit data, for a total of 16 small quadrants.
  • These 16 small quadrants are represented by 4-bit binary numbers, or 16 decimal numbers (the numbers shown in the figure).
  • the bits dividing the four elephant limits correspond to the important coset bits, and the bits of the four small quadrants dividing the four elephant limits correspond to the sub-important coset bits.
  • 0,1,4,5 corresponds to an elephant limit of 3
  • 2, 7, 6 corresponds to an elephant limit 12
  • 13 , 8 9 corresponds to an elephant limit
  • 15 , 14, 11 , 10 corresponds to a large quadrant. If you convert these decimal numbers into binary numbers, you will find that two of the bits determine the elephant limit in which the symbol is located, and the other two bits determine the small quadrant in the elephant limit of the symbol.
  • FIG. 4 is only a specific implementation of the 256QAM constellation diagram, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
  • bit data into symbol data when mapping bit data into symbol data, the bit data is divided into three parts, one part is used to determine the specific position on the constellation point, that is, ⁇ ?, and part is used to determine the large area.
  • part such as 2 bits, used to divide the constellation into 4 disjoint regions, for example, one of the regions is an elephant limit corresponding to 23, 19, 18, 7, 3, 22, 6, 2
  • the remaining three elephant limits can be easily obtained by referring to FIG. 5; and a part of the bit data, which can be 3 bits, is used to divide each large area into disjoint cells, such as 0 to 32 cells.
  • bit data when the bit data is mapped into symbol data, the bit data is divided into three parts, and a part is used to determine the specific position on the constellation point, that is, A ⁇ P (due to the limited display picture) , which is not shown in FIG.
  • each elephant limit includes 16 small In the quadrant, these 16 small quadrants are determined by non-significant bit data, for a total of 64 small quadrants.
  • These 64 small quadrants are represented by 6-bit binary numbers, or 64 decimal numbers (that is, the numbers shown in the figure.
  • the smallest unit shown in the figure is the cell, the specific constellation point in the cell. It is not shown that the specific constellation points of each cell are shown in Figure 7, where i represents the number 0 ⁇ 63).
  • the bits dividing the four elephant limits correspond to the important coset bits, and the bits of the 16 small quadrants dividing the four elephant limits correspond to the sub-important coset bits.
  • bit data when the bit data is mapped into symbol data, the bit data is divided into three parts, and a part is used to determine the specific position on the constellation point, that is, A ⁇ P (due to the limited display picture) , which is not shown in FIG.
  • each elephant limit includes 32 small quadrants, which are determined by non-significant bit data, for a total of 128 small quadrants.
  • the 128 small quadrants are represented by 7-bit binary numbers, or 128 decimal numbers (that is, the numbers shown in the figure.
  • the smallest unit shown in the figure is the cell, the specific constellation point in the cell. It is not shown that the specific constellation points of each cell are shown in Figure 7, where i represents the number 0 ⁇ 127).
  • the bits dividing the four elephant limits correspond to the important coset bits, and the bits of the 32 small quadrants dividing the four elephant limits correspond to the sub-important coset bits.
  • 117,116,113,115,121,120,112,114,118,119,125,124,122,123,127,126,58,59,63,62,5 6,57,61,60,48,49,53,52,50,51,55,54 correspond to an elephant limit
  • 83,81,84,85,82, 80,88,89,18,19,23,22,16,17,21,20,24,25,29,28,26,27,31,3,90,91,95,94,86,87, 93,92 corresponds to an elephant limit
  • 102,103,109,108,110,111 107,106,46,47,43,42,105,101,100,104,40,41,45,44,36,37,33,32,96,97,38,39,35,34,9 8,99 corresponds to an elephant limit
  • FIG. 8 is only a specific implementation of the 2048QAM constellation diagram, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
  • mapping bit data into symbol data the bit data is divided into three parts, and a part is used to determine a specific position on the constellation point, that is, A ⁇ P (due to limited display screen) , which is not shown in FIG.
  • the letters A to P are mapped to the constellation points corresponding to the disjoint cells by 4 bits of the bit data in the input modulation mapper according to a predefined mapping manner; ⁇ 255 is determined by the remaining bit data in the bit data in the input modulation mapper, and the important coset bits and the sub-important coset bits can also be distinguished in the remaining bit data; wherein the important bit data divides the constellation into four Large quadrants (specifically, the cells in Figure 9 are divided into 4 parts, each part is understood as an elephant limit), and each elephant limit includes 64 small quadrants. These 64 small quadrants are not important.
  • the bit data is determined by a total of 256 small quadrants.
  • These 256 small quadrants are represented by 8-bit binary numbers, or 256 decimal numbers (that is, the numbers shown in the figure. It should be understood that the smallest unit shown in the figure is the cell, the specific constellation point in the cell. It is not shown that the specific constellation points of each cell are shown in Figure 7, where i represents the number 0 ⁇ 255).
  • the bits dividing the four elephant limits correspond to the important coset bits, and the bits of the 64 small quadrants dividing the four elephant limits correspond to the sub-significant coset bits. If you convert these decimal numbers into binary numbers, you will find that two of the bits determine the elephant limit in which the symbol is located, and the other six bits determine the small quadrant in the elephant limit of the symbol.
  • FIG. 9 is only a specific implementation of the 4096QAM constellation diagram, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the bit data when the bit data is mapped into symbol data, the bit data is divided into three parts, and a part is used to map to the constellation points corresponding to the disjoint cells according to a predefined mapping manner (for example) : Letters A ⁇ P), - Partial bit data is used to divide the mapped constellation points into disjoint large areas (for example: the above-mentioned elephant limits 12, 13 , 8, 9 to form a large area), and some bits The data is used to divide the sub-set of constellation points in each large area into disjoint cells (for example: Words 0, 1, etc.).
  • the mapping process of the higher order QAM is not described in detail, but based on the mapping scheme that has been described so far, a specific method of the higher order QAM mapping process can be easily introduced.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a high-order modulation method. Compared with the prior art, the important bits are distinguished, and according to the difficulty level of the decision region, the important bits that distinguish the large area and the important bits of the differentiated cell are The decision correctness rate of the demodulator can be further improved.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a high-order modulation method. If the input bit data is as shown in FIG. 10, the bit data after the first type encoding and the bit data after the second type encoding, and the uncoded Bit data, the method specifically includes:
  • Step 201 Convert information to be transmitted into bit data, and demultiplex the bit data into more than one bit of data;
  • Step 202 Perform first type encoding on at least one bit data in the bit data of the more than one way;
  • Step 203 Perform second type encoding on at least one bit data in the bit data of the more than one way;
  • Step 204 Perform orthogonal frequency modulation on the bit data of the more than one way to generate symbol data, and output the generated symbol data.
  • the order of the quadrature amplitude modulation is not lower than 64; in the process of mapping the bit data into symbol data in the quadrature amplitude modulation, the bit data is divided into three parts,
  • the bit data obtained by the second type of encoding is mapped to a constellation point corresponding to the disjoint cell.
  • the first type of encoded bit data is replaced with the uncoded bit data, and the functions of the two types of data are replaced in the mapping, that is, after the input bit data is subjected to the first type of coding,
  • the obtained bit data is used to divide the mapped constellation points into disjoint constellation point sub-sets (ie, map to each large area); use uncoded bit data for mapping to a constellation point sub-set of unencoded bit data A smaller set of mutually disjoint constellation points (ie mapped to each cell).
  • the first type of code described in step 204 is a cyclic code
  • the cyclic code may include at least one of RS coding or BCH coding.
  • the second type of coding may specifically include: low density parity check Encoding, convolutional coding, Polar coding, Turbo coding, generalized concatenated coding, or product coding.
  • each modulation symbol may include 4 coded bit streams from the LDPC channel coder, and 2 bits from the uncoded bit stream or the bits passing through the BCH/RS code coder. Flow, and one of the 2 bits can be used to determine that the mapped constellation points are divided into disjoint large regions, and the other bit is used to divide the large regions into smaller disjoint constellation point sub-sets ( That is, the cell).
  • Each constellation point in the figure is represented by a combination of symbols and numbers, where the symbol represents the bit corresponding to the encoded bit stream and the number represents the bit corresponding to the uncoded bit stream.
  • each modulation symbol may include four coded bit streams from an LDPC channel coder, and three bits are from an uncoded bit stream or encoded by a BCH/RS code. a bit stream of the device; and 2 of the 3 bits can be used to determine that the mapped constellation points are divided into disjoint large regions, and the remaining 1 bit is used to divide the large regions into smaller mutually disjoint Constellation point subset (ie, cell).
  • Each constellation point in the figure is represented by a combination of symbols and numbers, where the symbols represent the bits corresponding to the encoded bit stream and the numbers represent the bits corresponding to the uncoded bit stream.
  • each modulation symbol may include 4 coded bit streams from an LDPC channel coder, 4 bits from an uncoded bit stream or a BCH/RS code.
  • the bit stream of the encoder; and 2 of the 4 bits can be used to determine that the mapped constellation points are divided into disjoint large regions, and the remaining 2 bits are used to divide the large regions into smaller mutually disjoint Constellation point set (ie cell).
  • Each constellation point in the figure is represented by a combination of symbols and numbers, where the symbol represents the bit corresponding to the encoded bit stream, and the number represents the ratio of the uncoded bit stream. Special.
  • each modulation symbol may include 4 coded bit streams from an LDPC channel coder, 5 bits from an uncoded bit stream or a BCH/RS code.
  • the bit stream of the encoder; and 2 of the 5 bits can be used to determine that the mapped constellation points are divided into disjoint large regions, and the remaining 3 bits are used to divide the large regions into smaller mutually disjoint Constellation point set (ie cell).
  • Each constellation point in the figure is represented by a combination of symbols and numbers, where the symbols represent the bits corresponding to the encoded bit stream and the numbers represent the bits corresponding to the uncoded bit stream.
  • each modulation symbol contains four coded bit streams from the LDPC channel coder, and the six bits are from the uncoded information bit stream or the bit stream through the BCH/RS code coder. And 3 of the 6 bits can be used to determine to divide the mapped constellation points into disjoint large regions, and the remaining 3 bits are used to divide the large region into smaller disjoint constellation point sub-sets (ie, Community).
  • each modulation symbol contains four coded bit streams from the LDPC channel coder, and seven bits are from the uncoded information bit stream or the bit stream through the BCH/RS code coder. And 2 of the 7 bits can be used to determine that the mapped constellation points are divided into disjoint large regions, and the remaining 5 bits are used to divide the large region into smaller disjoint constellation point sub-sets (ie, Community).
  • each modulation symbol contains four coded bit streams from the LDPC channel coder, and eight bits are from the uncoded information bit stream or the bit stream through the BCH/RS code coder. And 2 of the 8 bits can be used to determine that the mapped constellation points are divided into disjoint large regions, and the remaining 6 bits are used to divide the large regions into smaller disjoint constellation point subsets (ie, Community).
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a high-order modulation method, which distinguishes important bits, and according to the difficulty level of the decision region, is divided into important bits that distinguish the large area and important bits that distinguish the cells, so that the demodulator can be further improved.
  • the correct rate of judgment is provided.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a demapping method. As shown in FIG. 12, the method includes: Step 301: Perform demodulation determination on an input symbol to obtain a subset of the decision; Step 302: Determine a large area where the input symbol is located, where the large area is a subset of the constellation points that are divided into disjoint constellation points;
  • Step 303 Determine, according to the minimum distance demodulation criterion, the obtained subset of the decision, and the large area where the input symbol is determined, the bit data mapped by the input symbol.
  • the minimum distance demodulation criterion referred to in step 303 is that the constellation point whose received symbol is closest to the Euclidean distance of the constellation point in the decision region in the decision region is the final decision symbol. That is, in the large area where the input symbol is located, it is determined that the constellation point in the subset of the decision that is closest to the input symbol Euclidean distance is the decision symbol of the input symbol, and the judgment is Symbols are mapped to bit data.
  • the received symbols are shown by the dots in the figure, and the determined subset of the decisions are AO, Al, A2, A3.
  • the large area of the received symbol is first judged, as shown in the two quadrants 0 and 1, as shown in the figure, so the sub-set of the judgment is further reduced to AO, Al.
  • A1 is judged as the final decision symbol, and the corresponding bit is judged as 01 (binary representation of 1).
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a demapping method, which distinguishes important bits, and according to the difficulty level of the decision region, is divided into important bits that distinguish the large area and important bits that distinguish the cells, so compared with the prior art,
  • the demapping method can further improve the decision correctness of the demodulator.
  • Example four Embodiments of the present invention are applicable to base stations or terminals in various communication systems.
  • Figure 13a shows an embodiment of a user equipment, in this embodiment, the device 40 includes a transmitting circuit 402, a receiving circuit 403, a power controller 406, a codec 405, a processing unit 406, a memory 407 and an antenna 401.
  • Processing unit 406 controls the operation of device 40, which may also be referred to as a CPU.
  • Memory 407 can include read only memory and random access memory and provides instructions and data to processing unit 406. A portion of the memory 407 may also include non-volatile line random access memory (NVRAM).
  • NVRAM non-volatile line random access memory
  • device 40 may be embedded or may itself be a wireless communication device such as a mobile telephone, and may also include a carrier that houses transmit circuitry 402 and receive circuitry 403 to allow for data transmission between device 40 and a remote location. receive. Transmitting circuit 402 and receiving circuit 403 can be coupled to antenna 401.
  • the various components of device 40 are coupled together by bus system 4100,
  • the bus system 4100 includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus in addition to the data bus. However, for clarity of description, various buses are labeled as bus system 4100 in the figure.
  • the device 40 may also include a processing unit 406 for processing signals, and further includes a power controller 404, a codec 405.
  • Codec 405 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the codec 405 or an instruction in the form of software. These instructions can be implemented and controlled by the processor 406 therein.
  • the codec may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic. Device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete diagram.
  • the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor, decoder or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented as completion of the hardware codec, or by a combination of hardware and software modules in the codec.
  • the software module can be located in a conventional storage medium such as random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, and the like.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory 407, and the decoding unit reads the information in the memory 407 and completes the steps of the above method in combination with the hardware.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a high-order modulation apparatus.
  • the apparatus includes: a demultiplexing unit 501 and a quadrature amplitude modulation unit 502; wherein, the demultiplexing unit 501 and the quadrature amplitude modulation unit 50, It can be part of codec 405.
  • the demultiplexing unit 501 is configured to convert information that needs to be transmitted into bit data, and demultiplex the bit data into more than one bit of data.
  • a quadrature amplitude modulation unit 502 configured to perform orthogonal amplitude modulation on the bit data of the more than one path to generate symbol data, and output the generated symbol data;
  • the order of the quadrature amplitude modulation is not lower than 64; in the process of mapping the bit data into symbol data in the quadrature amplitude modulation, the bit data is divided into three parts,
  • the first part of the bit data is used to map to the constellation points, and the constellation points are divided into disjoint stars a set of sub-sets, the sub-set is called a large area;
  • the second partial bit data is used to map to the constellation points, and the constellation point sub-sets in each of the large regions are divided into disjoint sub-collections, and the disjoint subsets in the large regions are called cells;
  • the third portion of bit data is used to map to corresponding constellation points in the cell.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a high-order modulation device, which distinguishes important bits, and according to the difficulty level of the decision region, is divided into important bits that distinguish the large area and important bits that distinguish the cells, so that the demodulator can be further improved. The correct rate of judgment.
  • the apparatus further includes: a first coding unit 503 and a second coding unit 504; the first coding unit 503 and the second coding unit 504, which may also be part of the codec 405.
  • the first coding unit 503 is configured to perform first type coding on at least one bit data in the bit data of the more than one way;
  • a second coding unit 504 configured to perform a second type of encoding on at least one of the bit data of the one channel
  • the quadrature amplitude modulation unit 502 specifically includes:
  • the order of the quadrature amplitude modulation is not lower than 64; in the process of mapping the bit data into symbol data in the quadrature amplitude modulation, the bit data is divided into three parts,
  • the bit data obtained by the second type of coding is mapped to constellation points corresponding to the disjoint cells.
  • the first type of coding includes: RS coding or BCH coding or a cyclic code; the second type of coding includes: low density parity check coding, convolutional coding, Polar coding, Turbo coding, generalized concatenated coding , or product code to encode any of them.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a demapping apparatus.
  • the apparatus includes: Element 601, judging large area unit 602, and decision unit 603; wherein, the obtaining unit 601, the judging large area unit 602, and the decision unit 603 may be part of the codec 405.
  • An obtaining unit configured to perform demodulation decision on the input symbol to obtain a subset of the decision; determine a large area unit, and determine a large area where the input symbol is located; and the large area is to divide the constellation point into disjoint constellations a subset of points;
  • a determining unit configured to determine bit data mapped by the input symbol according to the minimum distance demodulation criterion, the obtained subset of the decision, and the large area where the determined input symbol is located.
  • the determining unit is specifically configured to determine, in the large area where the input symbol is located, a constellation point in the subset of the decision that is closest to the input symbol Euclidean distance, for the input
  • the decision symbol of the symbol maps the decision symbol to bit data.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a demapping apparatus, which distinguishes important bits, and according to the difficulty level of the decision area, is divided into important bits that distinguish the large area and important bits that distinguish the cells, so compared with the prior art,
  • the demapping method can further improve the decision correctness of the demodulator.
  • the storage medium may be a readable and writable memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, an FPGA (Programmable Logic Array), a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), a CPU (Central Processing Unit), or the like.

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Abstract

本发明实施例公开了一种高阶调制方法、解映射方法以及相应装置。本发明实施通过对重要比特进行了区分,根据判决区域的难易程度,分成区分大区的重要比特和区分小区的重要比特,因此可以进一步提高解调器的判决正确率。

Description

一种高阶调制方法、 解映射方法以及相应装置
本申请要求于 2012 年 6 月 27 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201210214774.5、发明名称为 "一种高阶调制方法、解映射方法以及相应装置" 的中国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域, 具体涉及一种高阶调制方法、解映射方法以及 相应装置。
背景技术
随着通信系统对传输速率和频谱效率的要求不断提高, 通信系统将会采 用更高阶的正交幅度调制 (QAM, Quadrature Amplitude Modulation )模式以 满足对传输速率和频谱效率的要求。如何将所需要传输的比特信息有效的映射 成高阶调制的星座点,以保证频谱效率的同时,满足系统对误码率(或误帧率) 的基本要求是业界面临的重要课题。
学术界就此课题提出了多层编码调制的解决方案,即将传输的比特流解复 用后分为并行的子信息流进行信道编码,然后对每一路编码后的比特数据进行 统一的符号映射, 生成符号数据流。 基于这一方案, 业界从可实现性以及提升 频谱效率的角度出发,提出了许多工程可实现的方案, 比如讲传输的比特数据 解复用后,对并行的一路比特数据进行信道编码,对另一路比特数据不进行信 道编码。
现有技术中, 在分配编码比特数据和未编码比特数据时, 会综合考虑高 阶调制星座点的映射阶数, 信道编码的码率, 预定义的映射方式等信息, 将两 路比特数据分成重要比特数据和非重要比特数据, 其中, 重要比特数据用于将 星座点划分为不相交的星座点子集合, 称之为陪集, 因此, 对重要比特数据不 进行信道编码, 而非重要比特数据则进行信道编码, 编码后的编码比特数据再 根据预先定义的映射方式从陪集中选择所对应的高阶调制星座点。
上述现有技术一方面可以根据实际的应用场景分配重要比特和非重要比 特的数量实现不同的频谱效率 , 另一方面结合星座图的特性将重要比特不进 行复杂的信道编码却可以达到与对其进行信道编码操作相同的误码率 /误帧率 性能, 降低实现复杂度 。 因此, 现有技术一定程度上在频谱效率和实现复杂 度之间实现了折衷设计。 但是, 现有技术的映射方式对于解调高阶调制时, 由 于对重要比特的判决仅仅是通过欧式距离最小判决准则进行判决的,因此导致 对符号数据的判决正确率不高。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种高阶调制方法、解映射方法以及相应装置,克服 了现有技术在解调高阶调制时, 对符号数据的判决正确率不高的缺点。
本发明实施例提供了一种高阶调制方法, 该方法包括:
将需要传输的信息转换为比特数据,并将比特数据解复用为多于一路的比 特数据;
将所述多于一路的比特数据进行正交幅度调制生成符号数据,将生成的符 号数据输出;
其中, 所述正交幅度调制的阶数不低于 64; 在所述正交幅度调制中将比 特数据映射为符号数据过程中将所述比特数据划分为三部分,
第一部分比特数据用于映射到星座点,且将所述星座点划分为不相交的星 座点子集合, 所述子集合称为大区;
第二部分比特数据用于映射到所述星座点,且将每个所述大区中的星座点 子集合划分为不相交的子集合, 所述大区中不相交的子集称为小区;
第三部分比特数据用于映射到所述小区中对应的星座点上。
本发明实施例还提供了一种解映射方法, 该方法包括:
对输入的符号进行解调判决, 获取判决的子集合;
判断输入的符号所在的大区;所述大区为将星座点划分为不相交的星座点 的子集合;
根据最小距离解调准则, 获取的判决的子集合, 和所述判断出的输入符号 所在的大区, 确定所述输入的符号映射出的比特数据。
本发明实施例还提供了一种高阶调制装置, 该装置包括: 解复用单元和正 交幅度调制单元;
所述解复用单元, 用于将需要传输的信息转换为比特数据, 并将比特数据 解复用为多于一路的比特数据;
所述正交幅度调制单元,用于将所述多于一路的比特数据进行正交幅度调 制生成符号数据, 将生成的符号数据输出;
其中, 所述正交幅度调制的阶数不低于 64; 在所述正交幅度调制中将比 特数据映射为符号数据过程中将所述比特数据划分为三部分,
第一部分比特数据用于映射到星座点,且将所述星座点划分为不相交的星 座点子集合, 所述子集合称为大区;
第二部分比特数据用于映射到所述星座点,且将每个所述大区中的星座点 子集合划分为不相交的子集合, 所述大区中不相交的子集称为小区;
第三部分比特数据用于映射到所述小区中对应的星座点上。
本发明实施例还提供了一种解映射装置, 该装置包括: 获取单元, 判断大 区单元, 和判决单元,
所述获取单元, 用于对输入的符号进行解调判决, 获取判决的子集合; 所述判断大区单元, 用于判断输入的符号所在的大区, 所述大区为将星座 点划分为不相交的星座点的子集合;
所述判决单元, 用于根据最小距离解调准则, 获取的判决的子集合, 和所 述判断出的输入符号所在的大区, 确定所述输入的符号映射出的比特数据。
从以上技术方案可以看出, 本发明实施例通过对重要比特进行了区分,根 据判决区域的难易程度, 分成区分大区的重要比特和区分小区的重要比特, 因 此可以进一步提高解调器的判决正确率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施 例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作筒单地介绍,显而易见地, 下面描述 中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付 出创造性劳动性的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1是本发明实施例一提供的一种高阶调制方法流程示意筒图; 图 2是本发明实施例例举的一种 64QAM星座映射示意图; 图 3是本发明实施例例举的一种 128QAM星座映射示意图; 图 4是本发明实施例例举的一种 256QAM星座映射示意图; 图 5是本发明实施例例举的一种 512QAM星座映射示意图; 图 6是本发明实施例例举的一种 1024QAM星座映射示意筒图 (未显示小 区中的具体星座点); 图 7所示一个小区中对应星座点的其中一种示意筒图; 图 8是本发明实施例例举的一种 2048QAM星座映射示意筒图 (未显示小 区中的具体星座点); 图 9是本发明实施例例举的一种 4096QAM星座映射示意筒图 (未显示小 区中的具体星座点); 图 10是本发明实施例二提供的一种高阶调制方法流程示意筒图; 图 11是本发明实施例例举的一种 64QAM星座映射示意图; 图 12是本发明实施例三提供的一种解映射方法流程示意筒图; 图 13a是本发明实施例四提供的一种高阶调制装置示意筒图; 图 13b是本发明实施例四提供的另一种高阶调制装置示意筒图; 图 14是本发明实施例五提供的一种解映射装置示意筒图。 具体实施方式
实施例一
本发明实施例提供了一种高阶调制方法, 如图 1所示, 该方法包括: 步骤 101: 将需要传输的信息转换为比特数据, 并将比特数据解复用为多 于一路的比特数据;
步骤 102: 将多于一路的比特数据进行正交幅度调制生成符号数据, 将生 成的符号数据输出;
其中, 正交幅度调制的阶数不低于 64; 在正交幅度调制中将比特数据映 射为符号数据过程中将比特数据划分为三部分,
第一部分比特数据用于映射到星座点,且将星座点划分为不相交的星座点 子集合, 该子集合称为大区;
第二部分比特数据用于映射到所述星座点,且将每个所述大区中的星座点 子集合划分为不相交的子集合, 该大区中不相交的子集称为小区;
第三部分比特数据用于映射到该小区中对应的星座点上。 需要说明的是, 步骤 102中所说 "第一部分比特数据用于映射到星座点, 且将所述星座点划分为不相交的星座点子集合, 该子集合称为大区"可以具体 包括: 一部分比特数据用于据根据判决区域的容易程度,将映射的星座点划分 为不相交的星座点子集合, 称为大区。
需要说明的是, 所说根据判决区域的难易程度可以理解为: 由对应星座点 所代表的符号的功率决定判决区域的难易程度,符号的功率越大,判决较容易, 因为相应的信噪比高, 判决正确率高。 基于这种划分, 与现有技术对重要比特 未进行任何区分, 只用最小欧式距离准则进行判决, 而本发明方案会先根据区 分大区的重要比特将判决区域再次缩小,之后根据最小欧式距离准则在缩小后 的信号区域 (信号子集中)进行判决, 从而提高判决正确率。
以 64QAM举例, 如图 2所示, 其中, 图中的字母 A-P所代表的符号是 由输入的比特数据中的一部分比特数据确定,该图中对应 4个比特数据确定一 个符号子集内的星座点的位置,通常是由进行低密度奇偶校验码(LDPC, Low Density Parity Check code )编码后得到的 4比特数据; 图中的数字 0~3所代表 的符号是由输入的比特数据中另一部分确定。 假设接收符号为图中圓点所示, 判决的子集合是 AO, Al , A2, A3。 如果是现有技术, 根据最小欧式距离判 决,会判决为 A3为最终的判决符号,从而将相应比特判决为 11(3的二进制表 示)。 本方案中将星座点分成两个大区, 即 0和 1 所对应的区域, 为一个大区, 其中又分为 0和 1两个小区。 2和 3构成另一个大区, 其中分为 2和 3两个小 区。 判决时, 会先判断接收符号所在大区, 如图中所示 0和 1两个象限, 因此 将判决的子集合进一步缩小为 AO, Al。 然后根据最小欧式距离判决, 会判决 A1为最终的判决符号, 从而将相应比特判决为 01(1的二进制表示)。
同理, 对于 128QAM举例, 如图 3所示, 其中, 字母 A~P是由输入调制 映射器中的比特数据中其中 4比特 ^据预先定义的映射方式,映射到不相交的 小区对应的星座点上; 数字 0~7 是由输入调制映射器中的比特数据中剩余 3 个比特数据确定,且该剩余比特数据中也可以区分重要比特数据和非重要比特 数据; 其中, 重要比特数据用于将如 3所示的星座图划分为 4个大区, 例如: 图 3中数字是 0和 1的符号归属同一个大区,数字是 4和 5的符号归属同一个 大区,数字是 2和 3的符号归属同一个大区,数字是 6和 7的符号归属同一个 大区。 数字相同的符号的子集合为划分的小区。 图 3仅仅是对 128QAM的星 座图一种便于理解的具体实现方式, 不应该理解为对本发明实施例的限制。
同理, 对于 256QAM举例, 如图 4所示, 其中, 字母 A~P是由输入调制 映射器中的比特数据中其中 4比特 ^据预先定义的映射方式,映射到不相交的 小区对应的星座点上; 数字 0~15是由输入调制映射器中的比特数据中剩余比 特数据确定, 且该剩余比特数据中也可以区分重要陪集比特和次重要陪集比 特; 其中, 重要比特数据将星座图划分为 4个大的象限, 每个大象限又包括 4 个小象限, 这四个小象限由非重要比特数据确定, 共 16个小象限。 这 16个小 象限是通过 4位二进制数表示的, 或 16个十进制数表示的(图中所示的数字)。 划分 4个大象限的比特对应于重要陪集比特,划分四个大象限中的 4个小象限 的比特对应于次重要陪集比特。 这样 0,1 , 4, 5对应一个大象限 3 , 2, 7, 6 对应一个大象限 12, 13 , 8, 9对应一个大象限, 15 , 14, 11 , 10对应一个大 象限。如果把这些十进制数转成二进制数,会发现其中 2个比特位决定了符号 所在的大象限, 另 2个比特位决定了符号所在大象限中的小象限。 图 4仅仅是 对 256QAM的星座图一种便于理解的具体实现方式, 不应该理解为对本发明 实施例的限制。
同理, 如图 5所示, 对于 512QAM, 在将比特数据映射为符号数据时, 将 比特数据划分为三部分, 一部分用于确定星座点上具体位置, 即 ~?, 一部分 用于确定大区, 如 2个比特, 用于将星座图划分为 4个不相交的大区, 例如其 中一个大区是由 23 , 19, 18, 7, 3 , 22, 6, 2所对应的一个大象限, 其余三 个大象限可以参考图 5容易得出; 还有一部分比特数据, 可以是 3个比特, 用 于将各大区划分为不相交的小区, 如 0~32个小区。
同理, 对于 1024QAM举例, 如图 6所示, 在将比特数据映射为符号数据 时, 将比特数据划分为三部分, 一部分用于确定星座点上具体位置, 即 A~P (由于显示画面有限, 在图 6中未显示), 其中, 字母 A~P是由输入调制映射 器中的比特数据中其中 4比特根据预先定义的映射方式,映射到不相交的小区 对应的星座点上; 数字 0~63是由输入调制映射器中的比特数据中剩余比特数 据确定,且该剩余比特数据中也可以区分重要陪集比特和次重要陪集比特; 其 中, 重要比特数据将星座图划分为 4个大的象限, 每个大象限又包括 16个小 象限, 这 16个小象限由非重要比特数据确定, 共 64个小象限。 这 64个小象 限是通过 6位二进制数表示的, 或 64个十进制数表示的(即图中所示的数字, 需要理解的是,图中显示的最小单位是小区,小区中具体的星座点未能显示出, 在图 7中显示出每个小区的具体星座点, 其中 i代表数字 0~63 )。 划分 4个大 象限的比特对应于重要陪集比特, 划分四个大象限中的 16个小象限的比特对 应于次重要陪集比特。 这样 0, 8, 24,16,1,9,25,17,3,11,27,19,2,10,26,18对应一 个大象限; 6 , 7,5,4,14,15,13,12,30,31,29,28,22,23,21,20,对应一个大象限; 48,49,51,50,56,57,59,58,40,41,43,42,32,33,35,34 对 应 一 个 大 象 限 ; 54,55,53,52,62,63,61,60,46,47,45,44,38,39,37,36对应一个大象限。如果把这些十 进制数转成二进制数, 会发现其中 2个比特位决定了符号所在的大象限, 另 4 个比特位决定了符号所在大象限中的小象限。 图 6仅仅是对 1024QAM的星座 图一种便于理解的具体实现方式, 不应该理解为对本发明实施例的限制。
同理, 对于 2048QAM举例, 如图 8所示, 在将比特数据映射为符号数据 时, 将比特数据划分为三部分, 一部分用于确定星座点上具体位置, 即 A~P (由于显示画面有限, 在图 8中未显示), 其中, 字母 A~P是由输入调制映射 器中的比特数据中其中 4比特根据预先定义的映射方式,映射到不相交的小区 对应的星座点上;数字 0~127是由输入调制映射器中的比特数据中剩余比特数 据确定,且该剩余比特数据中也可以区分重要陪集比特和次重要陪集比特; 其 中, 重要比特数据将星座图划分为 4个大的象限, 每个大象限又包括 32个小 象限, 这 32个小象限由非重要比特数据确定, 共 128个小象限。 这 128个小 象限是通过 7位二进制数表示的, 或 128个十进制数表示的(即图中所示的数 字, 需要理解的是, 图中显示的最小单位是小区, 小区中具体的星座点未能显 示出, 在图 7中显示出每个小区的具体星座点, 其中 i代表数字 0~127 )。 划分 4个大象限的比特对应于重要陪集比特, 划分四个大象限中的 32个小象限的 比 特 对 应 于 次 重 要 陪 集 比 特 。 这 样 117,116,113,115,121,120,112,114,118,119,125,124,122,123,127,126,58,59,63,62,5 6,57,61,60,48,49,53,52,50,51,55,54 对 应 一 个 大 象 限 ; 83,81,84,85,82,80,88,89,18,19,23,22,16,17,21,20,24,25,29,28,26,27,31,3,90,91,95, 94,86,87,93,92 对 应 一 个 大 象 限 ; 102,103,109,108,110,111 , 107,106,46,47,43,42,105,101,100,104,40,41,45,44,36,37,33,32,96,97,38,39,35,34,9 8,99 对 应 一 个 大 象 限 ;
6,7,3,2,4,5,1,0,12,13,9,8,14,15,11,10,66,67,64,65,72,68,73,69,78,79,75,74,76,77,71 ,70对应一个大象限。 如果把这些十进制数转成二进制数, 会发现其中 2个比 特位决定了符号所在的大象限,另 5个比特位决定了符号所在大象限中的小象 限。 图 8仅仅是对 2048QAM的星座图一种便于理解的具体实现方式, 不应该 理解为对本发明实施例的限制。
同理, 对于 4096QAM举例, 如图 9所示, 在将比特数据映射为符号数据 时, 将比特数据划分为三部分, 一部分用于确定星座点上具体位置, 即 A~P (由于显示画面有限, 在图 9中未显示), 其中, 字母 A~P是由输入调制映射 器中的比特数据中其中 4比特根据预先定义的映射方式,映射到不相交的小区 对应的星座点上;数字 0~255是由输入调制映射器中的比特数据中剩余比特数 据确定,且该剩余比特数据中也可以区分重要陪集比特和次重要陪集比特; 其 中, 重要比特数据将星座图划分为 4个大的象限(具体可以是将图 9中的小区 均勾的划分为 4部分, 每个部分理解为一个大象限), 每个大象限又包括 64 个小象限, 这 64个小象限由非重要比特数据确定, 共 256个小象限。 这 256 个小象限是通过 8位二进制数表示的, 或 256个十进制数表示的(即图中所示 的数字, 需要理解的是, 图中显示的最小单位是小区, 小区中具体的星座点未 能显示出, 在图 7中显示出每个小区的具体星座点, 其中 i代表数字 0~255 )。 划分 4个大象限的比特对应于重要陪集比特, 划分四个大象限中的 64个小象 限的比特对应于次重要陪集比特。如果把这些十进制数转成二进制数,会发现 其中 2个比特位决定了符号所在的大象限,另 6个比特位决定了符号所在大象 限中的小象限。 图 9仅仅是对 4096QAM的星座图一种便于理解的具体实现方 式, 不应该理解为对本发明实施例的限制。
以及更高阶的 QAM中, 在将比特数据映射为符号数据时, 将比特数据划 分为三部分, 一部分用于 ^据预先定义的映射方式, 映射到不相交的小区对应 的星座点上(例如: 字母 A~P ), —部分比特数据用于将映射的星座点划分为 不相交的大区 (例如: 上述大象限 12, 13 , 8, 9, 即形成一个大区), 还有一 部分比特数据用于将各大区中的星座点子集合划分为不相交的小区(例如: 数 字 0、 1等等)。 在本实施例中不详细对更高阶数的 QAM的映射过程做说明, 但基于当前已经说明的映射方案,可以容易推出更高阶数的 QAM映射过程的 具体方法。
另外,还需要说明的, 上述实施例中所说明的字母和数字是便于理解本发 明实施例的一种举例, 并非对本发明实施例的限制, 上述数字和字母根据实际 设计会有不同。
本发明实施例提供了一种高阶调制方法, 与现有技术相比,对重要比特进 行了区分,根据判决区域的难易程度, 分成区分大区的重要比特和区分小区的 重要比特, 因此可以进一步提高解调器的判决正确率。
实施例二
本发明实施例提供了一种高阶调制方法, 如图 10所示若输入的比特数据 包括: 经过第一类编码后的比特数据和经过第二类编码后的比特数据, 以及未 进行编码的比特数据, 该方法具体包括:
步骤 201 : 将需要传输的信息转换为比特数据, 并将比特数据解复用为多 于一路的比特数据;
步骤 202: 对所述多于一路的比特数据中至少一路比特数据进行第一类编 码;
步骤 203: 对所述多于一路的比特数据中至少一路比特数据进行第二类编 码;
步骤 204: 将所述多于一路的比特数据进行正交幅度调制生成符号数据, 将生成的符号数据输出;
其中, 所述正交幅度调制的阶数不低于 64; 在所述正交幅度调制中将比 特数据映射为符号数据过程中将所述比特数据划分为三部分,
将所述多于一路的比特数据中未进行编码的比特数据, 用于映射到星座 点, 且将所述星座点划分为不相交的星座点子集合;
将所述第一类编码后得到的比特数据, 用于映射到星座点,且将各大区中 的星座点子集合划分为不相交的子集合;
将所述第二类编码后得到的比特数据,映射到不相交的小区对应的星座点 上。 或者, 步骤 204 中将经过第一类编码后的比特数据, 与未进行编码的比 特数据, 这两类数据在映射中的功能进行替换, 即: 将输入的比特数据经过第 一类编码后,得到的比特数据, 用于将映射的星座点划分为不相交的星座点子 集合(即映射到各大区); 将未进行编码的比特数据用于映射到未进行编码的 比特数据的星座点子集合中更小的互不相交的星座点子集合(即映射到各小 区)。
其中, 为了便于理解, 步骤 204 中所述的第一类编码为循环码, 该循环 码至少可以包括: RS编码或者 BCH编码其中任意一种; 第二类编码可以具体 包括: 低密度奇偶校验编码, 卷积编码, Polar编码, Turbo编码, 广义级联编 码, 或者乘积编码其中任意一种。
如图 11所示, 在 64QAM调制模式下, 每个调制符号中可以包含 4个来自经 过 LDPC信道编码器的编码比特流, 2个比特来自未编码比特流或经过 BCH/RS 码编码器的比特流,且该 2个比特中其中 1个比特可以用于确定将映射的星座点 划分为不相交的大区,另一个比特用于将大区划分为更小的互不相交的星座点 子集合(即小区)。 图中每一个星座点由符号和数字的组合来表示, 其中符号 表示编码比特流所对应的比特, 数字表示未编码比特流所对应的比特。
同理, 在 128QAM调制模式下, 参考图 3所示, 每个调制符号中可以包含 4 个来自经过 LDPC信道编码器的编码比特流, 3个比特来自未编码比特流或经过 BCH/RS码编码器的比特流; 且该 3个比特中其中 2个比特可以用于确定将映射 的星座点划分为不相交的大区, 剩余 1个比特用于将大区划分为更小的互不相 交的星座点子集合(即小区)。图中每一个星座点由符号和数字的组合来表示, 其中符号表示编码比特流所对应的比特, 数字表示未编码比特流所对应的比 特。
同理, 在 256 QAM调制模式下, 参考图 4所示, 每个调制符号中可以包含 4 个来自经过 LDPC信道编码器的编码比特流, 4个比特来自未编码比特流或经过 BCH/RS码编码器的比特流; 且该 4个比特中其中 2个比特可以用于确定将映射 的星座点划分为不相交的大区, 剩余 2个比特用于将大区划分为更小的互不相 交的星座点子集合(即小区)。图中每一个星座点由符号和数字的组合来表示, 其中符号表示编码比特流所对应的比特, 数字表示未编码比特流所对应的比 特。
同理, 在 512 QAM调制模式下, 参考图 5所示, 每个调制符号中可以包含 4 个来自经过 LDPC信道编码器的编码比特流, 5个比特来自未编码比特流或经过 BCH/RS码编码器的比特流; 且该 5个比特中其中 2个比特可以用于确定将映射 的星座点划分为不相交的大区, 剩余 3个比特用于将大区划分为更小的互不相 交的星座点子集合(即小区)。图中每一个星座点由符号和数字的组合来表示, 其中符号表示编码比特流所对应的比特, 数字表示未编码比特流所对应的比 特。
在 1024QAM调制模式下,每个调制符号中包含 4个来自经过 LDPC信道编码 器的编码比特流, 6个比特来自未编码信息比特流或经过 BCH/RS码编码器的比 特流。且该 6个比特中其中 3个比特可以用于确定将映射的星座点划分为不相交 的大区, 剩余 3个比特用于将大区划分为更小的互不相交的星座点子集合(即 小区) 。
在 2048QAM调制模式下,每个调制符号中包含 4个来自经过 LDPC信道编码 器的编码比特流, 7个比特来自未编码信息比特流或经过 BCH/RS码编码器的比 特流。且该 7个比特中其中 2个比特可以用于确定将映射的星座点划分为不相交 的大区, 剩余 5个比特用于将大区划分为更小的互不相交的星座点子集合(即 小区) 。
在 4096QAM调制模式下,每个调制符号中包含 4个来自经过 LDPC信道编码 器的编码比特流, 8个比特来自未编码信息比特流或经过 BCH/RS码编码器的比 特流。且该 8个比特中其中 2个比特可以用于确定将映射的星座点划分为不相交 的大区, 剩余 6个比特用于将大区划分为更小的互不相交的星座点子集(即小 区)。
本发明实施例提供了一种高阶调制方法,对重要比特进行了区分,根据判 决区域的难易程度, 分成区分大区的重要比特和区分小区的重要比特, 因此可 以进一步提高解调器的判决正确率。
实施例三
本发明实施例提供一种解映射方法, 如图 12所示, 该方法包括: 步骤 301: 对输入的符号进行解调判决, 获取判决的子集合; 步骤 302: 判断输入的符号所在的大区; 其中, 该大区为将星座点划分为 不相交的星座点的子集合;
步骤 303: 根据最小距离解调准则, 获取的判决的子集合, 和判断出输入 的符号所在的大区, 确定所述输入的符号映射出的比特数据。
其中, 步骤 303中所说的最小距离解调准则,指在判决区域内接收符号与 判决区域内星座点的欧氏距离最近的星座点即为最终的判决符号。即在所述输 入的符号所在的大区中,判断出距离所述输入的符号欧式距离最近的所述判决 的子集合中的星座点, 为所述输入的符号的判决符号,将所述判决符号映射为 比特数据。
参考实施例一中图 2所示, 以 64QAM举例, 假设接收符号为图中圓点所 示, 判决的子集合是 AO, Al , A2, A3。 判决时, 会先判断接收符号所在大 区,如图中所示 0和 1两个象限, 因此将判决的子集合进一步缩小为 AO, Al。 然后根据最小欧式距离判决, 会判决 A1为最终的判决符号, 从而将相应比特 判决为 01(1的二进制表示)。
本发明实施例提供了一种解映射方法,对重要比特进行了区分,根据判决 区域的难易程度, 分成区分大区的重要比特和区分小区的重要比特, 因此与现 有技术相比, 该解映射方法可以进一步提高解调器的判决正确率。
实施例四 例。 本发明实施例可应用于各种通信系统中的基站或者终端。 图 13a示出了一 种用户设备的实施例, 在该实施例中, 设备 40包括发射电路 402、 接收电路 403、 功率控制器 406、 编解码器 405、 处理单元 406, 存储器 407及天线 401. 处理单元 406控制设备 40的操作, 处理单元 406还可以称为 CPU。 存储器 407可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器, 并向处理单元 406提供指令和数 据。 存储器 407的一部分还可以包括非易失行随机存取存储器( NVRAM )。 具体的应用中, 设备 40可以嵌入或者本身可以就是例如移动电话之类的无线 通信设备, 还可以包括容纳发射电路 402和接收电路 403的载体, 以允许设 备 40和远程位置 之间进行数据发射和接收 。 发射电路 402和接收电路 403 可以耦合到天线 401.设备 40的各个组件通过总线系统 4100耦合在一起, 其 中, 总线系统 4100除包括数据总线之外, 还包括电源总线、 控制总线和状态 信号总线。 但是为了清楚说明起见, 在图中将各种总线都标为总线系统 4100。 设备 40还可以包括用于处理信号的处理单元 406、此外还包括功率控制器 404、 编解码器 405。
上述本发明实施例揭示的方法可以应用于编解码器 405中,或者说由编解 码器 405以实现。编解码器 405可能是一种集成电路芯片, 具有信号的处理能 力。在实现过程中, 上述方法的各步骤可以通过编解码器 405中的硬件的集成 逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。 这些指令可以通过其中 的处理器 406以 配合实现及控制。用于执行本发明实施例揭示的方法, 上述的编解码器可以是 通用处理器、 数字信号处理器(DSP )、 专用集成电路(ASIC )、 现成可编程门 阵列 (FPGA )或者其他可编程逻辑器件、 分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、 分立 图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器, 解 码器等。
结合本发明实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件编解码器执 行完成, 或者用编解码器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。 软件模块可以 位于随机存储器, 闪存、 只读存储器, 可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程 存储器、 寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。 该存储介质位于存储器 407, 解 码单元读取存储器 407中的信息, 结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
本发明实施例提供一种高阶调制装置, 如图 13b所示, 该装置包括: 解复 用单元 501和正交幅度调制单元 502; 其中, 解复用单元 501和正交幅度调制 单元 50, 可以为编解码器 405的一部分。
其中, 解复用单元 501 , 用于将需要传输的信息转换为比特数据, 并将比 特数据解复用为多于一路的比特数据;
正交幅度调制单元 502, 用于将所述多于一路的比特数据进行正交幅度调 制生成符号数据, 将生成的符号数据输出;
其中, 所述正交幅度调制的阶数不低于 64; 在所述正交幅度调制中将比 特数据映射为符号数据过程中将所述比特数据划分为三部分,
第一部分比特数据用于映射到星座点,且将所述星座点划分为不相交的星 座点子集合, 所述子集合称为大区;
第二部分比特数据用于映射到所述星座点,且将每个所述大区中的星座点 子集合划分为不相交的子集合, 所述大区中不相交的子集称为小区;
第三部分比特数据用于映射到所述小区中对应的星座点上。
本发明实施例提供了一种高阶调制装置,对重要比特进行了区分,根据判 决区域的难易程度, 分成区分大区的重要比特和区分小区的重要比特, 因此可 以进一步提高解调器的判决正确率。
进一步, 该装置还包括: 第一编码单元 503和第二编码单元 504; 该第一 编码单元 503和第二编码单元 504, 也可以为编解码器 405的一部分。
第一编码单元 503, 用于对所述多于一路的比特数据中至少一路比特数据 进行第一类编码;
第二编码单元 504, 用于对所述多于一路的比特数据中至少一路比特数据 进行第二类编码;
则正交幅度调制单元 502, 具体包括:
将所述多于一路的比特数据进行正交幅度调制生成符号数据,将生成的符 号数据输出;
其中, 所述正交幅度调制的阶数不低于 64; 在所述正交幅度调制中将比 特数据映射为符号数据过程中将所述比特数据划分为三部分,
将所述多于一路的比特数据中未进行编码的比特数据, 用于映射到星座 点, 且将所述星座点划分为不相交的星座点子集合;
将所述第一类编码后得到的比特数据, 用于映射到星座点,且将各大区中 的星座点子集合划分为不相交的子集合;
将所述第二类编码后得到的比特数据,映射到不相交的小区对应的星座点 上。
其中,第一类编码包括: RS编码或者 BCH编码或者循环码其中任意一种; 所述第二类编码包括:低密度奇偶校验编码,卷积编码, Polar编码, Turbo 编码, 广义级联编码, 或者乘积编码其中任意一种。
实施例五
本发明实施例提供一种解映射装置, 如图 14所示, 该装置包括: 获取单 元 601 , 判断大区单元 602, 和判决单元 603; 其中, 获取单元 601 , 判断大区 单元 602, 和判决单元 603 , 可以为编解码器 405的一部分。
获取单元, 用于对输入的符号进行解调判决, 获取判决的子集合; 判断大区单元, 用于判断输入的符号所在的大区; 所述大区为将星座点划 分为不相交的星座点的子集合;
判决单元, 用于根据最小距离解调准则, 获取的判决的子集合, 和所述判 断出的输入符号所在的大区, 确定所述输入的符号映射出的比特数据。
优选的, 所述判决单元, 具体用于在所述输入的符号所在的大区中, 判断 出距离所述输入的符号欧式距离最近的所述判决的子集合中的星座点,为所述 输入的符号的判决符号, 将所述判决符号映射为比特数据。
本发明实施例提供了一种解映射装置,对重要比特进行了区分,根据判决 区域的难易程度, 分成区分大区的重要比特和区分小区的重要比特, 因此与现 有技术相比, 该解映射方法可以进一步提高解调器的判决正确率。
还需要理解的是, 上述实施例四、五说明的装置的详细内容可以参照对应 的方法权利要求一 ~三, 此处不重述。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分步骤是 可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成, 所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读 写存储介质中, 上述提到的存储介质可以是可读写存储器, 磁盘或光盘、 FPGA (可编程逻辑阵列)、 DSP (数字信号处理器)、 CPU (中央处理器)等。
以上对本发明所提供的一种高阶调制方法、 解映射方法以及相应装置进行 了详细介绍, 对于本领域的一般技术人员, 依据本发明实施例的思想, 在具体 实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处, 综上所述, 本说明书内容不应理解为 对本发明的限制。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种高阶调制方法, 其特征在于, 该方法包括:
将需要传输的信息转换为比特数据,并将比特数据解复用为多于一路的比 特数据;
将所述多于一路的比特数据进行正交幅度调制生成符号数据,将生成的符 号数据输出;
其中, 所述正交幅度调制的阶数不低于 64; 在所述正交幅度调制中将比 特数据映射为符号数据过程中将所述比特数据划分为三部分,
第一部分比特数据用于映射到星座点,且将所述星座点划分为不相交的星 座点子集合, 所述子集合称为大区;
第二部分比特数据用于映射到所述星座点,且将每个所述大区中的星座点 子集合划分为不相交的子集合, 所述大区中不相交的子集称为小区;
第三部分比特数据用于映射到所述小区中对应的星座点上。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述将比特数据解复用为 多于一路的比特数据之后,所述将所述多于一路的比特数据进行正交幅度调制 之前, 所述方法还包括:
对所述多于一路的比特数据中至少一路比特数据进行第一类编码; 对所述多于一路的比特数据中至少一路比特数据进行第二类编码; 贝' J , 所述第一部分比特数据用于映射到星座点,且将所述星座点划分为不 相交的星座点子集合具体包括:
将所述多于一路的比特数据中未进行编码的比特数据, 用于映射到星座 点, 且将所述星座点划分为不相交的星座点子集合;
所述第二部分比特数据用于映射到所述星座点,且将每个所述大区中的星 座点子集合划分为不相交的子集合, 具体包括:
将所述第一类编码后得到的比特数据, 用于映射到星座点,且将各大区中 的星座点子集合划分为不相交的子集合;
第三部分比特数据用于映射到所述小区中对应的星座点上, 具体包括: 将所述第二类编码后得到的比特数据,映射到不相交的小区对应的星座点 上。
3、根据权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述第一类编码为循环码, 所述循环码至少包括: RS编码或者 BCH编码其中任意一种;
所述第二类编码包括:低密度奇偶校验编码,卷积编码, Polar编码, Turbo 编码, 广义级联编码, 或者乘积编码其中任意一种。
4、 一种解映射方法, 其特征在于, 该方法包括:
对输入的符号进行解调判决, 获取判决的子集合;
判断输入的符号所在的大区;所述大区为将星座点划分为不相交的星座点 的子集合;
根据最小距离解调准则, 获取的判决的子集合, 和所述判断出的输入符号 所在的大区, 确定所述输入的符号映射出的比特数据。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于,
所述根据最小距离解调准则, 获取的判决的子集合, 和所述判断出的输入 符号所在的大区, 确定所述输入的符号映射出的比特数据, 具体包括:
在所述输入的符号所在的大区中,判断出距离所述输入的符号欧式距离最 近的所述判决的子集合中的星座点, 为所述输入的符号的判决符号,将所述判 决符号映射为比特数据。
6、 一种高阶调制装置, 其特征在于, 该装置包括: 解复用单元和正交幅 度调制单元;
所述解复用单元, 用于将需要传输的信息转换为比特数据, 并将比特数据 解复用为多于一路的比特数据;
所述正交幅度调制单元,用于将所述多于一路的比特数据进行正交幅度调 制生成符号数据, 将生成的符号数据输出;
其中, 所述正交幅度调制的阶数不低于 64; 在所述正交幅度调制中将比 特数据映射为符号数据过程中将所述比特数据划分为三部分,
第一部分比特数据用于映射到星座点,且将所述星座点划分为不相交的星 座点子集合, 所述子集合称为大区;
第二部分比特数据用于映射到所述星座点,且将每个所述大区中的星座点 子集合划分为不相交的子集合, 所述大区中不相交的子集称为小区;
第三部分比特数据用于映射到所述小区中对应的星座点上。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述装置还包括: 第一编 码单元和第二编码单元;
所述第一编码单元,用于对所述多于一路的比特数据中至少一路比特数据 进行第一类编码;
所述第二编码单元,用于对所述多于一路的比特数据中至少一路比特数据 进行第二类编码;
所述正交幅度调制单元, 具体包括:
将所述多于一路的比特数据进行正交幅度调制生成符号数据,将生成的符 号数据输出;
其中, 所述正交幅度调制的阶数不低于 64; 在所述正交幅度调制中将比 特数据映射为符号数据过程中将所述比特数据划分为三部分,
将所述多于一路的比特数据中未进行编码的比特数据, 用于映射到星座 点, 且将所述星座点划分为不相交的星座点子集合;
将所述第一类编码后得到的比特数据, 用于映射到星座点,且将各大区中 的星座点子集合划分为不相交的子集合;
将所述第二类编码后得到的比特数据,映射到不相交的小区对应的星座点 上。
8、根据权利要求 7所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述第一类编码为循环码, 所述循环码至少包括: RS编码或者 BCH编码其中任意一种;
所述第二类编码包括:低密度奇偶校验编码,卷积编码, Polar编码, Turbo 编码, 广义级联编码, 或者乘积编码其中任意一种。
9、 一种解映射装置, 其特征在于, 该装置包括: 获取单元, 判断大区单 元, 和判决单元,
所述获取单元, 用于对输入的符号进行解调判决, 获取判决的子集合; 所述判断大区单元, 用于判断输入的符号所在的大区, 所述大区为将星座 点划分为不相交的星座点的子集合;
所述判决单元, 用于根据最小距离解调准则, 获取的判决的子集合, 和所 述判断出的输入符号所在的大区, 确定所述输入的符号映射出的比特数据。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述判决单元, 具体用于 在所述输入的符号所在的大区中,判断出距离所述输入的符号欧式距离最近的 所述判决的子集合中的星座点, 为所述输入的符号的判决符号,将所述判决符 号映射为比特数据。
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