WO2014000389A1 - 粘稠物料双缸泵的泵送行程控制方法及粘稠物料泵送设备 - Google Patents
粘稠物料双缸泵的泵送行程控制方法及粘稠物料泵送设备 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014000389A1 WO2014000389A1 PCT/CN2012/086121 CN2012086121W WO2014000389A1 WO 2014000389 A1 WO2014000389 A1 WO 2014000389A1 CN 2012086121 W CN2012086121 W CN 2012086121W WO 2014000389 A1 WO2014000389 A1 WO 2014000389A1
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- Prior art keywords
- pumping stroke
- pumping
- concrete
- cylinder
- pump
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
- F04B9/08—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid
- F04B9/10—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid
- F04B9/109—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having plural pumping chambers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
- F04B9/08—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid
- F04B9/10—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid
- F04B9/109—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having plural pumping chambers
- F04B9/111—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having plural pumping chambers with two mechanically connected pumping members
- F04B9/1115—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having plural pumping chambers with two mechanically connected pumping members the movement of the pumping pistons in only one direction being obtained by a single-acting piston liquid motor, e.g. actuation in the other direction by spring means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a viscous material pumping control method, in particular to a pumping stroke control method for a viscous material double cylinder pump. Further, the present invention relates to a viscous material pumping apparatus to which the pumping stroke control method is applied.
- Viscous materials such as mud and concrete are commonly used construction materials in engineering and construction, and viscous materials such as concrete pumps (also called “concrete pump” or “concrete pumping device”) are a kind of engineering. Construction machinery pumping device widely used in construction.
- the main structure of this viscous material double-cylinder pump is similar to that of common concrete pumps, for example. It mainly uses pressure to continuously transport viscous materials along the pipeline, generally by electric motor (or internal combustion engine).
- the hydraulic pump is driven to form a hydraulic oil with a certain pressure, and the driving main cylinder drives the pistons in the two conveying cylinders to alternately reciprocate, so that the viscous material is continuously sucked from the hopper into the conveying cylinder and transported to the construction site through the conveying pipeline.
- the concrete pump generally includes two main cylinders (also referred to as "master cylinders”), two concrete delivery cylinders (also known as “cylinders” by those skilled in the art), two concrete pistons, and two swing cylinders. (The so-called “pendulum cylinder”), the hopper and the distribution width (for example, the S-shaped distribution width), wherein the rodless chambers of the two main cylinders are connected to each other, and the rod chambers are respectively connected to the commutation width, the commutation is wide Connected to the oil inlet passage and the oil tank, and selectively exchanges the rod chamber of the first main cylinder of the two main cylinders with the oil inlet passage by the commutation of the commutating width, and the second main cylinder has The rod cavity is in communication with the oil tank, or the rod chamber of the first main cylinder is communicated with the oil tank, and the rod chamber of the second main cylinder is in communication with the oil inlet oil passage.
- the two main cylinders Since the rodless chambers of the two main cylinders are connected to each other and the hydraulic oil is closed, the two The hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the main cylinder functions as a transmission medium, and the two main cylinders can be alternately expanded and contracted by alternately feeding oil to the rod chambers of the two main cylinders.
- Two concrete pistons are respectively located in the two concrete delivery cylinders and are respectively connected to the piston rods of the main cylinders.
- the distribution is widened under the oil pressure of the wide cylinder, and then moved to the first position, so that the material of the first concrete conveying cylinder is connected to the concrete conveying pipe via the distribution width, and the material of the second concrete conveying cylinder is
- the hopper inlet is connected, at which time the hydraulic oil enters the rod cavity of the second main cylinder, so that the piston rod of the second main cylinder is retracted, the piston rod of the first main cylinder is extended, and the piston rod of the first main cylinder Pushing the concrete piston in the first concrete conveying cylinder, so that the concrete in the first concrete conveying cylinder is sent out by the distributed wide pump, and the piston rod of the second main cylinder is retracted to drive the concrete piston in the second concrete conveying cylinder to retract, Thereby, a vacuum is formed in the second concrete delivery cylinder, and the concrete is sucked from the hopper into the second concrete delivery cylinder, so that the reciprocating operation is alternately performed to achieve continuous pumping of the concrete.
- the two main cylinders are not limited to the case where the rodless chambers communicate with each other to form a communication chamber.
- the rod chambers of the two main cylinders may be connected to each other to form a communication chamber.
- the rodless chambers of the two main cylinders respectively form the drive chamber and are connected to the commutation.
- the above-mentioned prior art concrete pumping basically uses a fixed stroke to pump the concrete.
- the fixed stroke is adopted due to different parameters such as the viscosity and slump of the fluid concrete in different working processes.
- the concrete delivery cylinder has insufficient suction in many working conditions, but the main cylinder and the concrete delivery cylinder still operate according to a fixed stroke, which greatly reduces the pumping efficiency of the concrete pump.
- the main disadvantages of the prior art concrete pump are: When the concrete pump pumps fluid concrete with different material parameters, under certain working conditions, there will be insufficient suction of the concrete conveying cylinder, but the main Cylinders and concrete delivery cylinders still operate in a fixed one or two strokes, resulting in low concrete pumping efficiency and high energy waste, resulting in better pumping and suction efficiency except for a few specific concrete conditions. Both are in a working state in which the pumping efficiency is lowered.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a pumping stroke control method for a viscous material double-cylinder pump, which can be viscous material according to different material conditions of the viscous material double-cylinder pump.
- the pumping stroke of the viscous material double cylinder pump is adaptively adjusted to optimize the pumping efficiency of the viscous material double cylinder pump.
- the technical problem to be further solved by the present invention is to provide a viscous material pumping device capable of adapting to the viscous material of different material condition parameters pumped by the viscous material double-cylinder pump.
- the pumping stroke of the viscous material double cylinder pump is adjusted to optimize the pumping efficiency of the viscous material double cylinder pump.
- the present invention provides a pumping stroke control method for a viscous material two-cylinder pump, which comprises the following steps: First, determining the predetermined condition according to a predetermined type of condition parameter of the viscous material to be transported. a target pumping stroke of the viscous material two-cylinder pump corresponding to the type of condition parameter; and second, by adjusting the volume of the hydraulic oil contained in the communication chamber of the viscous material two-cylinder pump, The current actual pumping stroke of the thick material dual cylinder pump is adjusted to the target pumping stroke.
- the viscous material is concrete
- the predetermined type of condition parameter is the viscosity and/or slump of the concrete.
- the first step in the first step, inputting the predetermined type of condition parameter determined by the detection into a controller having a database according to the predetermined type
- the condition parameter is determined by querying the database to determine the target pumping stroke corresponding to the predetermined type of condition parameter.
- the second step detecting the actual pumping stroke of the viscous material two-cylinder pump, when the actual pumping stroke is greater than the target pumping stroke, by increasing the communication chamber
- the volume of the hydraulic oil reduces the actual pumping stroke to the target pumping stroke; when the actual pumping stroke is less than the target pumping stroke, by reducing the hydraulic oil in the communicating chamber
- the volume causes the actual pumping stroke to increase to the target pumping stroke.
- the volume of the hydraulic oil in the communication chamber is continuously adjusted, and the actual pumping stroke of the viscous material two-cylinder pump is detected in real time until the actual pumping stroke Adjusting to the target pumping stroke stops stopping adjusting the volume of hydraulic oil within the communication chamber.
- the volume of the hydraulic oil injected or extracted in the communication cavity is the difference between the actual pumping stroke and the target pumping stroke.
- the absolute value is multiplied by the cross-sectional area of the communication cavity, wherein the communication cavity is formed when the communication cavity is formed by the first main cylinder of the viscous material two-cylinder pump and the rodless cavity of the second main cylinder.
- the cross-sectional area is equal to the cross-sectional area of the rodless chamber of the first main cylinder or the second main cylinder; when the communication chamber is formed by the rod chambers of the first main cylinder and the second main cylinder,
- the cross-sectional area of the communication chamber is equal to the cross-sectional area of the rod chamber of the first main cylinder or the second main cylinder minus the cross-sectional area of the piston rod of the first main cylinder or the second main cylinder.
- the pumping stroke control method further includes a third step, in which the actual pumping stroke adjusted by the viscous material two-cylinder pump is detected to determine the adjusted actual pumping stroke. Equal to the target pumping stroke.
- hydraulic oil is injected into the communication chamber by a pumping device or hydraulic oil is withdrawn from the communication chamber to adjust the volume of the hydraulic oil in the communication chamber.
- the present invention also provides a viscous material pumping device, comprising a viscous material double-cylinder pump, wherein the viscous material pumping device further comprises a controller for adjusting the communication of the viscous material double-cylinder pump a pumping stroke adjusting device for a hydraulic oil volume in the chamber, and a displacement sensor for detecting an actual pumping stroke of the viscous material two-cylinder pump, the controller being electrically connected to the displacement sensor and the pumping a stroke adjustment device, the controller determines a target pumping stroke of the viscous material two-cylinder pump corresponding to the predetermined type of condition parameter according to a predetermined type of condition parameter of the viscous material to be conveyed, and further controls the The pumping stroke adjusting device adjusts the volume of the hydraulic oil contained in the communication chamber of the viscous material two-cylinder pump, thereby adjusting the current actual pumping stroke of the viscous material twin-cylinder pump to the target pumping stroke.
- a controller for adjusting the communication of the viscous material double-cylinder pump
- the pumping stroke adjusting device includes a pumping device and a driving device of the pumping device, the controller is electrically connected to the driving device, the pumping device and the viscous material double cylinder pump
- the communication chamber is in communication to selectively draw or inject hydraulic oil from the communication chamber.
- the pumping device is a metering pump
- the driving device is a motor
- the viscous material pumping device further comprises a concrete condition detecting device electrically connected to the controller to input the detected predetermined type of condition parameter signal into the control Device.
- the displacement sensor is a magnetoresistive linear displacement sensor.
- the viscous material pumping device is a concrete pumping device.
- the pumping stroke control method of the viscous material double-cylinder pump of the present invention and the viscous material pumping device are adopted according to a predetermined type of material condition parameter (for example, viscosity or slump) according to the viscous material.
- the pumping stroke of the viscous material double-cylinder pump is adaptively adjusted, so that the viscous material conveying cylinder effectively avoids the phenomenon of insufficient suction, thereby improving the pumping suction efficiency and saving energy.
- the invention realizes the stepless adjustment of the pumping stroke of the viscous material double-cylinder pump, so that the viscous material double cylinder
- the viscous material of the pump for different conditions achieves the desired suction efficiency under a relatively ideal pumping stroke.
- the viscous material pumping device of the present invention has a simple structure, is convenient to operate, and can effectively extend the life of the delivery piston because the effective stroke of the delivery piston is effectively reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional structural view showing a concrete pump disclosed in the prior art Chinese utility model patent CN201486790U.
- Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the hydraulic principle of the hydraulic distribution pump disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,422,840 B2.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure principle of a viscous material pumping apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a concrete pumping apparatus is taken as an example for display.
- Fig. 4 is a flow chart showing a method of controlling the pumping stroke of the viscous material double-cylinder pump according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the pumping stroke control of the concrete pump is taken as an example.
- the pumping stroke control method of the viscous material double-cylinder pump of the present invention and the viscous material pumping apparatus are mainly described below by taking a concrete pump as an example.
- the pumping stroke control method of the viscous material double cylinder pump is called “the pumping stroke control method of the concrete pump
- the viscous material pumping equipment is called the “concrete pumping equipment”
- the main structure of the viscous material double-cylinder pump is similar to that of the concrete pump, the following specific embodiments can be universally applied to the control of the pumping stroke of the viscous material double-cylinder pump, such as a double-cylinder pump such as mud or mortar. Control of the pumping stroke.
- concrete refers to fluid concrete that can be pumped through a concrete pump, rather than concrete in a solidified state
- the material condition parameters of the fluid concrete can be selected according to the needs, in the following technical solutions of the invention, due to the suction rate of the concrete and the viscosity and slump of the concrete (for measuring the plasticizing performance of the concrete and pumping)
- the usual parameters of performance are closely related, so viscosity and/or slump are primarily chosen as the basis for determining the pumping stroke, but the technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the use of viscosity and/or slump as a basis for determining the pumping stroke.
- other suitable material parameters (such as water content) of concrete may be used as the reference, and therefore the protection range of the present invention should not be limited by selecting specific condition parameters of the concrete;
- the rod chambers of the first main cylinder 1 and the second main cylinder 2 are respectively
- the first working oil passage A and the second working oil passage B are connected to the oil inlet oil passage and the oil tank via the reversing direction, thereby forming a telescopic reversing control loop (only the first working oil passage A and FIG. 3 are schematically shown in FIG. 3).
- the second working oil passage B but alternatively, it is also possible that the rod chambers of the first main cylinder 1 and the second main cylinder 2 communicate with each other to constitute the communication chamber 5, and the first main cylinder 1 and the second main unit
- the rodless chambers of the cylinder 2 are respectively connected to the first working oil passage A and the second working oil passage B, and these simple modifications are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.
- some other well-known components of the concrete pump are omitted in FIG. 3, such as the distribution width, the swing cylinder, the hopper, and the like provided at the delivery end of the concrete delivery cylinders 11, 12, but do not affect the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art.
- the main technical idea of the pumping stroke control method of the concrete pump of the present invention is to change the actual pumping stroke L of the concrete pump by adjusting the amount (ie, volume) of the hydraulic oil in the communication chamber 5.
- the specific principle is as follows, see FIG. It is shown that the hydraulic oil is theoretically incompressible.
- the advancement positions of the first concrete piston 13 and the second concrete piston 14 in the first concrete delivery cylinder 11 and the second concrete delivery cylinder 12 are shown. Is fixed, for example, in the situation shown in FIG.
- the first working oil passage A is oiled, and the second working oil passage B is returned to oil, thereby pushing the first piston rod 3 of the first main cylinder 1 to move to the left
- a piston rod 3 drives the first concrete piston 13 in the first concrete delivery cylinder 11 to move to the left
- the first piston rod 3 moves to the left, thereby compressing the rodless cavity as the first main cylinder 1 (constituting the communication chamber 5)
- the hydraulic oil in the component causes the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the first main cylinder 1 to flow to the rodless rod of the second main cylinder 2 In the cavity, thereby pushing the second piston rod 4 of the second main cylinder 2 to the right, the second piston rod 4 pushing the second concrete piston 14 to the right, in FIG.
- the second concrete piston 14 has moved the second concrete conveying
- the advancing end position of the right end of the cylinder 14 in order to avoid the impact cylinder, the corresponding limit stop on the concrete delivery cylinder generally has a predetermined interval from the right end of the concrete delivery cylinder
- the first piston rod 3 is in the first main cylinder 1 is still moved to the left in position
- the first concrete piston 13 does not move to the left end suction end position of the first concrete delivery cylinder 11 in the first concrete delivery cylinder 11, but since the second concrete piston 14 has moved into position It cannot continue to move to the right again.
- the first piston rod cannot be pushed regardless of whether the first working oil passage A continues to feed oil. 3 Continue to move to the left. In the case where the second concrete piston 14 shown in FIG. 3 has moved to the right in position, the reversing operation is performed such that the second working oil passage B is oiled, and the first working oil passage A is returned to the oil, and the second piston rod 4 is returned.
- the first and second main cylinders 1, 2 of the concrete pump are the same hydraulic cylinder, and the first concrete delivery cylinder and the second concrete delivery cylinder 11, 12 are also the same delivery cylinder, and are on the main structure Symmetrical setting), that is to say, in this case, the actual pumping stroke of the concrete pump is L, it should be noted that the actual pumping stroke L of the concrete pump is equal to the first piston rod 3 of the first main cylinder 1 (or The telescopic movement stroke of the second piston rod 4) of the second master cylinder 2 and the telescopic movement stroke of the first concrete piston 13 of the first concrete delivery cylinder 11 (or the second concrete piston 14 of the second concrete delivery cylinder 12) Controlling the change in the telescopic movement stroke of the first piston rod 3 of
- the second main cylinder 2 is second.
- the piston rod 4 cannot increase the volume of the rodless chamber of the second main cylinder 2 because the second concrete piston 14 has moved into position, and the predetermined volume V of hydraulic oil can only be pushed to the right.
- the first piston rod 3 of the first main cylinder 1 increases the volume of the rodless chamber of the first main cylinder 1, and in the state of FIG. 3, the first piston rod 3 moves to the right, and the actual pumping stroke L is reduced.
- the reduced distance is the predetermined volume V of the increased hydraulic oil divided by the cross-sectional area of the rodless chamber of the first hydraulic cylinder, of course, in the case where the rod chamber constitutes the communication chamber 5, the predetermined volume V of the hydraulic oil is increased. It should be divided by the rod cavity cross-sectional area of the first hydraulic cylinder minus the cross-sectional area of the piston rod; correspondingly, if the hydraulic oil is reduced by a predetermined volume V from the communication chamber by the pump stroke adjustment device 8, the first piston rod 3 will move to the left from the position shown in Fig. 3, so that the actual pumping stroke L is increased.
- the principle is the same whether dynamic or static, that is, during the pumping process of the concrete pump, the volume of hydraulic oil in the communication chamber 5 can be changed (due to the hydraulic oil
- the incompressibility that is, changing the volume of the communication chamber 5
- the telescopic movement stroke of the main cylinder (the first main cylinder 1 and the second main cylinder 2) becomes larger, and the actual pumping stroke L of the concrete pump is increased; if the hydraulic oil in the communication chamber 5 is connected
- the total volume is increased, the telescopic movement stroke of the main cylinder becomes smaller, and the pumping stroke L of the concrete pump is reduced.
- the control of the expansion and contraction movement of the main cylinder can be realized, thereby achieving stepless adjustment of the pumping stroke of the concrete pump.
- the stepless adjustment of the present invention means that the concrete pump can be adjusted to a plurality of pumping strokes or a substantially continuous pumping stroke.
- the pumping stroke control method of the concrete pump of the present invention comprises the following steps: First, determining a target of the concrete pump corresponding to the predetermined type of condition parameter according to a predetermined type of condition parameter of the concrete to be conveyed Pumping stroke (generally determined by comparing the condition parameters with a database or data table); second, the concrete pump is adjusted by adjusting the volume of hydraulic oil contained in the communication chamber 5 of the concrete pump The actual pumping stroke L is adjusted to the target pumping stroke.
- the predetermined type of material condition parameters of the concrete to be conveyed mainly refer to The pumping performance is relatively related to the feed condition parameter.
- one or two condition parameters can generally be selected, for example, preferably the viscosity and/or slump of the concrete can be selected.
- Degree, concrete viscosity and slump are two key parameters of the material that affect the pumping performance of the concrete.
- the selected predetermined type of condition parameters are not limited to the above typical conditions, such as water content. , sediment concentration, etc.
- the viscosity of concrete can generally be measured by a concrete viscometer, and it is of course also possible to test the viscosity of concrete by using other known viscosity measuring methods.
- the slump of concrete has a standard measurement method. Specifically, for example, a slump bucket with a top mouth of 100 mm, a lower mouth of 200 mm, and a height of 300 mm is poured into the concrete and then tamped, and then the bucket is pulled up. The concrete is self-weighted. The slump phenomenon occurs, and the height of the highest point of the collapsed concrete is subtracted from the height of the barrel (300 mm), which is called the slump. If the difference is 10 mm, the slump is 10.
- the detection of viscosity and slump can be carried out using a concrete condition detecting device capable of generating a parameter of the condition parameter, such as a concrete viscosity numerical control intelligent tester, a concrete slump numerical control detector, etc., which are in the concrete industry. It has been relatively widely used, such as the concrete viscosity tester disclosed in the Chinese utility model patent CN200920305982X. This is particularly advantageous in determining the target pumping stroke of the concrete pump corresponding to the predetermined type of condition parameter by the controller 9 based on a predetermined type of condition parameter of the concrete, which may detect the predetermined type of condition parameter signal detected. Automatically input to control 9 of it.
- the predetermined type of material parameters of the concrete to be conveyed can generally be obtained by testing in advance, but it is not limited thereto. In the case of large-scale operation, the past test is based on the mixing ratio and composition of the concrete. The data can be used to directly determine the predetermined type of material parameters for the concrete.
- the target pumping stroke of the concrete pump corresponding to the predetermined condition parameter may be determined by the controller 9 according to the predetermined type of condition parameters, and the concrete determined by the detection may be preferably determined.
- the predetermined condition parameter is input into the controller 9, and the controller 9 has a database in which the target pumping stroke corresponding to the condition parameter of each value of the concrete is stored, and the controller 9 is based on the input predetermined material.
- a parameter, the target pumping stroke corresponding to the predetermined condition parameter is found by querying the database, thereby determining the predetermined condition The target pumping stroke corresponding to the parameter.
- the controller 9 can be an electronic control unit, a programmable controller, a single chip microcomputer or the like.
- the target pumping stroke corresponding to the concrete of different material conditions is generally the ideal or ideal pumping stroke of the concrete of the material condition parameter.
- the concrete pump adopts the target pumping stroke to carry out the concrete pumping of the material condition, the concrete The delivery cylinder is less prone to insufficient suction and thus has a relatively high pumping efficiency.
- the establishment of the database mainly through the simulation of the working condition test, summarizing the target pumping stroke of the concrete in various conditions, so that the corresponding concrete condition parameters have the corresponding target pumping stroke. For example, for a certain type of concrete pump, the target pumping stroke corresponding to the concrete condition of the concrete pump is determined by a large number of simulated working conditions tests.
- the current actual pumping stroke L of the concrete pump can be detected, which can be achieved by a linear displacement sensor (for example, a reluctance linear displacement sensor), when the actual pumping stroke L is greater than the At the target pumping stroke, the actual pumping stroke L can be reduced to the target pumping stroke by increasing the volume of hydraulic oil within the communication chamber 5.
- the actual pumping stroke L is smaller than the target pumping stroke, the actual pumping stroke L can be increased to the target pumping stroke by reducing the volume of hydraulic oil in the communication chamber 5.
- the adjustment process may take a plurality of adjustment sequences. For example, the volume of the hydraulic oil in the communication chamber 5 may be continuously adjusted by the pump stroke adjustment device.
- the metering pump may be continuously injected into or from the communication chamber 5.
- the communication chamber 5 draws out the hydraulic oil, and detects the actual pumping stroke L of the concrete pump in real time until the actual pumping stroke L is adjusted to the target pumping stroke to stop adjusting the volume of the hydraulic oil in the communication chamber 5.
- the communication chamber 5 is formed by the rodless chamber communication of the first main cylinder 1 and the second main cylinder 2, or is formed by the rod chamber communication of the first main cylinder 1 and the second main cylinder 2,
- the cross-sectional area of the communication chamber 5 is determined, so that it is most preferable to first calculate the volume of hydraulic oil that needs to be increased or decreased according to the target pumping stroke and the actual pumping stroke L, and then pass the metering pump to the communication chamber 5 Injecting hydraulic oil or withdrawing hydraulic oil from the communication chamber 5 to adjust the communication chamber 5 The volume of hydraulic oil inside.
- the volume of the hydraulic oil injected or extracted in the communication chamber 5 is the absolute value of the difference between the actual pumping stroke L and the target pumping stroke multiplied by the cross-sectional area of the communication chamber 5, wherein
- the cross-sectional area of the communication chamber 5 is equal to the rodless chamber of the first main cylinder 1 or the second main cylinder 2 Cross-sectional area;
- the cross-sectional area of the communication chamber 5 is equal to the rod cavity of the first main cylinder 1 or the second main cylinder 2
- the cross-sectional area is subtracted from the cross-sectional area of the piston rod 3 or 4 of the first main cylinder 1 or the second main cylinder 2.
- the actual pumping stroke L of the concrete pump is adjusted to the target pumping stroke. Further preferably, in order to verify that the adjustment is accurate, the actual pumping stroke of the concrete pump can be further detected and whether the adjusted actual pumping stroke is equal to the target pumping stroke to determine if further adjustment is required.
- the pumping stroke control method of the concrete pump of the present invention preferably can set a target pumping stroke database based on the optimum or better suction efficiency of the concrete condition in the controller, that is, each corresponding The predetermined type of material condition of the concrete will have a corresponding target pumping stroke; before the concrete is pumped, the predetermined type of condition parameters of the concrete are first input into the controller, and the controller will query the target pumping stroke in the above database. Further, according to the target pumping stroke of the inquiry, the pumping stroke adjusting device is controlled to adjust the telescopic control stroke of the master cylinder, for example, when the actual pumping stroke fed back by the displacement sensor is the target pumping stroke, the stroke adjustment ends.
- the concrete pump When pumping, the concrete pump will pump with this target pumping stroke, and the concrete delivery cylinder will achieve the desired suction efficiency. That is to say, the key technical points of the present invention are as follows: First, a database of target pumping strokes under various concrete conditions is set, and an ideal suction efficiency in the concrete delivery cylinder can be realized according to the target pumping stroke. Secondly, a pumping stroke adjusting device is provided, and the volume of the hydraulic oil in the communication chamber 5 can be adjusted by the pumping stroke adjusting device, so that the pumping stroke can be adjusted as needed, thereby achieving a stepless adjustment of the pumping stroke.
- a specific embodiment of the concrete pumping apparatus of the present invention capable of realizing the pumping stroke control method of the above concrete pump will be briefly described below.
- the concrete pumping apparatus of the present invention comprises a concrete pump, wherein the concrete pumping apparatus further comprises a controller 9, a pumping stroke for adjusting the volume of hydraulic oil in the communication chamber 5 of the concrete pump An adjustment device 8 and a displacement sensor for detecting an actual pumping stroke L of the concrete pump, the pumping stroke adjustment device comprising a pumping device and a driving device of the pumping device, wherein the controller 9 is electrically connected to The displacement sensor and the pumping stroke adjusting device 8 determine the target pumping stroke of the concrete pump corresponding to the predetermined type of condition parameter according to the setting condition parameter of the concrete to be conveyed, and further control The pumping stroke adjusting device 8 adjusts the volume of hydraulic oil contained in the communication chamber 5 of the concrete pump, and adjusts the current actual pumping stroke L of the concrete pump to the target pumping stroke.
- the pumping stroke adjusting device includes a pumping device and a driving device of the pumping device, wherein the controller 9 is electrically connected to the driving device, and the connecting chamber of the pumping device and the concrete pump 5 communicates to selectively draw or inject hydraulic oil from the communication chamber 5 into the communication chamber 5.
- the pumping device may be a metering pump or other pumping device capable of pumping hydraulic oil (for example, a plunger pump with a scale, the driving device of the plunger pump may be, for example, an electric telescopic rod).
- the driving device may be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor drive assembly having an electromagnetically commutated wide, etc., and the pumping or pumping of the hydraulic oil is realized by the driving device driving the pumping device such as the metering pump or the plunger pump.
- pumping or pumping can be achieved by controlling the motor to drive the metering pump forward and reverse.
- the two ports of the metering pump can be connected to the communication chamber 5 and the fuel tank, respectively.
- the device can also use two metering pumps, one metering pump for pumping hydraulic oil from the communication chamber and the other metering pump for pumping oil into the communication chamber 5 (the two ports of each metering pump can be connected separately)
- the communication chamber 5 and the fuel tank the pumping stroke adjusting device 8 for adjusting the volume of the hydraulic oil in the communication chamber 5 of the concrete pump, for the technician in the hydraulic field
- This pumping stroke adjustment device can take many forms, in its package
- the related pumping device and the driving device can be variously modified by those skilled in the art, and details are not described herein.
- the concrete pumping apparatus further includes a concrete condition detecting device 10 electrically connected to the controller 9 to input the detected predetermined type of condition parameter signal into the Controller 9.
- the concrete condition detecting device 10 may be the above-described concrete viscosity numerical control intelligent tester and/or concrete slump numerical control detector.
- the displacement sensor generally only needs to be installed on the first main cylinder 1 or the second main cylinder 2, and the second piston rod 3 of the first main cylinder 1 and the second main cylinder 2 of FIG.
- the first piston rod displacement sensor 6 and the second piston rod displacement sensor 7 are simultaneously mounted on the piston rod 4, and the first piston rod displacement sensor 6 and the second piston rod displacement sensor 7 are magnetoresistive linear displacement sensors, which are It is commonly used in stroke detection of hydraulic cylinders, which are well known to those skilled in the art and are typically mounted such that the piston rod can slide relative to the rod probe of the reluctance linear displacement sensor.
- other known sensors such as Hall sensors can be used for the displacement sensor.
- the concrete pumping apparatus described above may be, for example, a concrete pump truck equipped with a concrete pump, a concrete pump, or the like.
- the present invention provides a pumping stroke control method for a concrete pump and a concrete pumping device which can be based on predetermined types of material parameters of the concrete (for example, viscosity or slump) ), to adjust the pumping stroke of the concrete pump adaptively, so that the concrete conveying cylinder effectively avoids the phenomenon of insufficient suction, thereby improving the pumping suction efficiency and saving energy.
- the invention realizes the stepless adjustment of the pumping stroke of the concrete pump, so that the concrete pump achieves the ideal suction efficiency under a relatively ideal pumping stroke for the concrete of different material conditions.
- the concrete pumping device of the present invention has a simple structure, is convenient to operate, is low in cost, and can significantly prolong the life of the concrete piston by effectively reducing the ineffective stroke of the concrete piston.
- the pumping stroke control method of the viscous material two-cylinder pump of the present invention and the viscous material pumping apparatus for realizing the method are mainly described above by taking a concrete pump as an example, the viscous material double cylinder of the present invention
- the pumping stroke control method of the pump and the viscous material pumping equipment for realizing the method are obviously not limited to the pumping stroke control method of the concrete pump and the concrete pumping equipment, but can be universally applied to the viscous material.
- the control of the pumping stroke of a two-cylinder pump such as the pumping stroke of a two-cylinder pump such as mud, mortar, etc., particularly forms a pumping device for conveying other viscous materials.
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Abstract
一种粘稠物料双缸泵的泵送行程控制方法,其中,包括如下步骤:第一,根据待输送的粘稠物料的预定类型的料况参数确定该料况参数所对应的粘稠物料双缸泵的目标泵送行程;以及第二,通过粘稠物料双缸泵的连通腔(5)内容纳的液压油的体积,而将粘稠物料双缸泵当前的实际泵送行程(L)调节到目标泵送行程。此外,还提供一种粘稠物料泵送设备。泵送行程控制方法能够有效实现粘稠物料双缸泵的泵送行程的无级调节,使粘稠物料输送缸避免吸料不足的现象,提高泵送吸料效率,节约能源。泵送设备结构简单,操作方便,减少输送活塞的无效行程,延长输送活塞的寿命。
Description
粘稠物料双缸泵的泵送行程控制方法及粘稠物料泵送设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种粘稠物料泵送控制方法, 具体地, 涉及一种粘稠物料 双缸泵的泵送行程控制方法。 此外, 本发明还涉及一种应用所述泵送行程 控制方法的粘稠物料泵送设备。 背景技术
泥浆、 混凝土等粘稠物料是工程、 建筑领域常用的建筑材料, 诸如混 凝土泵 (也称为 "混凝土输送泵"或 "混凝土泵送装置") 之类的粘稠物料 双缸泵是一种工程施工中广泛采用的工程机械泵送装置, 这种粘稠物料双 缸泵的主要结构与常用的例如混凝土泵类似, 其主要利用压力将粘稠物料 沿管道连续输送, 一般可以由电动机 (或内燃机) 带动液压泵形成具有一 定压力的液压油, 驱动主油缸带动两个输送缸内的活塞产生交替往复运动, 使得粘稠物料不断从料斗吸入输送缸, 通过输送管道输送到施工现场。
为了帮助理解, 以下以混凝土泵为例简略介绍所述粘稠物料双缸泵的 主要结构及其缺点。
具体地, 混凝土泵一般包括两个主油缸 (也称为 "主液压缸")、 两个 混凝土输送缸 (本领域技术人员也称为 "砼缸")、 两只混凝土活塞、 两个 摆动油缸 (即通常所称的 "摆缸")、 料斗和分配阔 (例如 S形分配阔), 其 中两个主油缸的无杆腔相互连通, 有杆腔分别连接于换向阔, 该换向阔连 接于进油油路和油箱, 通过所述换向阔的换向而选择性地使得两个主油缸 中的第一主油缸的有杆腔与进油油路连通, 第二主油缸的有杆腔与油箱连 通, 或者使得第一主油缸的有杆腔与油箱连通, 第二主油缸的有杆腔与进 油油路连通。 由于两个主油缸的无杆腔相互连通并封闭有液压油, 该两个
主油缸的无杆腔内的液压油起到传动介质的作用, 通过交替地向两个主油 缸的有杆腔进油从而可以实现两个主油缸的交替伸缩。 两只混凝土活塞分 别位于所述两个混凝土输送缸内并分别与主油缸的活塞杆连接。 当开始工 作时, 分配阔在摆阔油缸的油压驱动下, 先运动到第一位置, 使得第一混 凝土输送缸的料口经由分配阔与混凝土输送管道连通, 第二混凝土输送缸 的料口与料斗入口连通, 此时使得液压油进入到第二主油缸的有杆腔, 从 而使得第二主油缸的活塞杆缩回, 第一主油缸的活塞杆伸出, 该第一主油 缸的活塞杆推动第一混凝土输送缸内的混凝土活塞, 从而第一混凝土输送 缸内的混凝土通过分配阔泵送出去, 同时第二主油缸的活塞杆缩回带动第 二混凝土输送缸内的混凝土活塞缩回, 从而在第二混凝土输送缸内形成真 空, 并从料斗中将混凝土吸入到第二混凝土输送缸内, 如此往复不断地交 替工作以实现混凝土的连续泵送。 在此需要注意的是, 两个主油缸并不限 于上述无杆腔相互连通以构成连通腔的情形, 可选择地, 也可以采用两个 主油缸的有杆腔相互连通而构成连通腔的结构形式, 在此情形下两个主油 缸的无杆腔分别构成驱动腔而与换向阔连接。
但是, 上述现有技术的混凝土泵送基本均采用固定行程对混凝土进行 泵送, 在实际使用过程中, 由于不同作业过程中流体混凝土的粘度、 塌落 度等料况参数的不同, 采用固定行程的混凝土泵进行泵送时, 很多工况下 混凝土输送缸存在吸料不足的现象, 但是主油缸以及混凝土输送缸仍然按 照固定的行程动作, 这极大地降低了混凝土泵的泵送效率。
另外, 目前也有技术人员提出在混凝土泵的泵送控制中, 实时检测主 油缸、 混凝土输送缸及摆动油缸的位移等, 通过实时检测油缸的位移信号, 以实现对主油缸换向、 摆动油缸换向、 油泵排量的准确控制, 优化系统性 能, 提高控制精度。 但是, 这种控制方式仅在于优化混凝土泵的总体工作 性能, 并且控制复杂, 对于混凝土输送缸因混凝土料况不同存在吸料不足、 从而导致泵送效率降低的问题并不具有针对性。
由上描述可见, 现有技术的混凝土泵的主要缺点在于: 所述混凝土泵 在泵送不同料况参数的流体混凝土时, 在一些工况下会存在混凝土输送缸 吸料不足的现象, 但是主油缸以及混凝土输送缸仍然按照固定的一种或两 种行程动作, 从而导致混凝土泵送效率低, 能源浪费大, 导致除了少数特 定的混凝土工况下泵送吸料效率较优外, 其它工况均处于泵送效率降低的 工作状态。
以上仅是以混凝土泵为例描述了混凝土泵在泵送混凝土时存在的缺点, 但 是显然地, 与混凝土泵结构类似的其它粘稠物料双缸泵在泵送相关的粘稠 物料时同样存在上述缺点。 有鉴于此, 需要设计一种新型的粘稠物料双缸 泵的泵送控制方法以及粘稠物料泵送设备。 发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种粘稠物料双缸泵的泵送行程控 制方法, 该泵送行程控制方法能够根据粘稠物料双缸泵所泵送的不同料况 参数的粘稠物料而适应性地调节粘稠物料双缸泵的泵送行程, 从而优化粘 稠物料双缸泵的泵送效率。
此外, 本发明进一步所要解决的技术问题是提供一种粘稠物料泵送设 备, 该粘稠物料泵送设备能够根据粘稠物料双缸泵所泵送的不同料况参数 的粘稠物料而适应性地调节粘稠物料双缸泵的泵送行程, 从而优化粘稠物 料双缸泵的泵送效率。
为了解决上述技术问题, 本发明提供一种粘稠物料双缸泵的泵送行程 控制方法, 其中, 包括如下步骤: 第一, 根据待输送的粘稠物料的预定类 型的料况参数确定该预定类型的料况参数所对应的粘稠物料双缸泵的目标 泵送行程; 以及第二, 通过调节所述粘稠物料双缸泵的连通腔内容纳的液 压油的体积, 而将所述粘稠物料双缸泵当前的实际泵送行程调节到所述目 标泵送行程。
优选地, 所述粘稠物料为混凝土, 所述预定类型的料况参数为混凝土 的粘度和 /或塌落度。
优选地, 在所述第一步骤中, 在所述第一步骤中, 将通过检测确定的 所述预定类型的料况参数输入到具有数据库的控制器中, 所述控制器根据 所述预定类型的料况参数, 通过查询所述数据库确定该预定类型的料况参 数所对应的所述目标泵送行程。
优选地, 在所述第二步骤中, 检测所述粘稠物料双缸泵的所述实际泵 送行程, 当该实际泵送行程大于所述目标泵送行程时, 通过增加所述连通 腔内的液压油的体积而使得所述实际泵送行程减小到所述目标泵送行程; 当所述实际泵送行程小于所述目标泵送行程时, 通过减小所述连通腔内的 液压油的体积而使得所述实际泵送行程增大到所述目标泵送行程。
具体选择地, 在所述第二步骤中, 连续地调节所述连通腔内的液压油 的体积, 并实时地检测所述粘稠物料双缸泵的实际泵送行程, 直至该实际 泵送行程调节到所述目标泵送行程而停止调节所述连通腔内的液压油的体 积。
可选择地, 在所述第二步骤中, 在所述第二步骤中, 所述连通腔内注 入或抽出的液压油的体积为所述实际泵送行程与所述目标泵送行程的差值 的绝对值乘以所述连通腔的截面积, 其中当所述连通腔由所述粘稠物料双 缸泵的第一主油缸和第二主油缸的无杆腔连通形成时, 所述连通腔的截面 积等于所述第一主油缸或第二主油缸的无杆腔的截面积; 当所述连通腔由 所述第一主油缸和第二主油缸的有杆腔连通形成时, 所述连通腔的截面积 等于所述第一主油缸或第二主油缸的有杆腔的截面积减去该第一主油缸或 第二主油缸的活塞杆的截面积。
进一步地, 所述泵送行程控制方法还包括第三步骤, 在该第三步骤中, 检测所述粘稠物料双缸泵调节后的实际泵送行程, 以确定该调节后的实际 泵送行程等于所述目标泵送行程。
优选地, 在所述第二步骤中, 通过泵吸装置向所述连通腔内注入液压 油或从该连通腔内抽出液压油来调节所述连通腔内的液压油的体积。
此外, 本发明还提供一种粘稠物料泵送设备, 包括粘稠物料双缸泵, 其中, 该粘稠物料泵送设备还包括控制器、 用于调节所述粘稠物料双缸泵 的连通腔内的液压油体积的泵送行程调节装置、 以及用于检测所述粘稠物 料双缸泵的实际泵送行程的位移传感器, 所述控制器电连接于所述位移传 感器和所述泵送行程调节装置, 该控制器根据待输送的粘稠物料的预定类 型的料况参数确定该预定类型的料况参数所对应的粘稠物料双缸泵的目标 泵送行程, 并进而通过控制所述泵送行程调节装置调节所述粘稠物料双缸 泵的连通腔内容纳的液压油的体积, 从而将所述粘稠物料双缸泵当前的实 际泵送行程调节到所述目标泵送行程。
典型地, 所述泵送行程调节装置包括泵吸装置和该泵吸装置的驱动装 置, 所述控制器电连接于所述驱动装置, 所述泵吸装置与所述粘稠物料双 缸泵的连通腔连通以选择性地从该连通腔内抽吸或向该连通腔内注入液压 油。
具体地, 所述泵吸装置为计量泵, 所述驱动装置为电机。
优选地, 所述粘稠物料泵送设备还包括混凝土料况检测装置, 该混凝 土料况检测装置电连接于所述控制器, 以将检测的所述预定类型的料况参 数信号输入所述控制器。
优选地, 所述位移传感器为磁阻式直线位移传感器。
具体选择地, 所述粘稠物料泵送设备为混凝土泵送设备。
通过上述技术方案, 本发明的粘稠物料双缸泵的泵送行程控制方法以 及粘稠物料泵送设备, 通过根据粘稠物料的预定类型的料况参数 (例如粘 度或塌落度), 来适应性地调节粘稠物料双缸泵的泵送行程, 使粘稠物料输 送缸有效地避免吸料不足的现象, 从而提高了泵送吸料效率, 节约能源。 本发明实现了粘稠物料双缸泵的泵送行程的无级调节, 使得粘稠物料双缸
泵针对不同料况的粘稠物料在相对理想的泵送行程下达到理想的吸料效 率。 本发明的粘稠物料泵送设备结构简单, 操作方便, 并且由于有效减少 了输送活塞的无效行程, 因此能够显著地延长输送活塞的寿命。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说 明。 附图说明
下列附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 并且构成说明书的一部分, 其与下述的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明, 但本发明的保护范围并不 局限于下述附图及具体实施方式。 在附图中:
图 1是现有技术中的中国实用新型专利 CN201486790U所公开的混凝 土泵的剖视结构示意图。
图 2是现有技术中的美国发明专利 US6,422,840B2所公开的液力分配 泵的液压原理示意图。
图 3是本发明具体实施方式的粘稠物料泵送设备的结构原理示意图, 其中以混凝土泵送设备为例进行了显示。
图 4是本发明优选实施方式的粘稠物料双缸泵的泵送行程控制方法的 流程框图, 其中以混凝土泵的泵送行程控制为例进行了显示。
附图标记说明:
1第一主油缸; 2第二主油缸;
3第一活塞杆; 4第二活塞杆;
5连通腔; 6第一活塞杆位移传感器;
7第二活塞杆位移传感器; 8泵送行程调节装置;
9控制器; 10混凝土料况检测装置;
11第一混凝土输送缸; 12第二混凝土输送缸;
13第一混凝土活塞; 14第二混凝土活塞;
L实际泵送行程 具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明, 应当理解的是, 此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明, 本发明的保护范围 并不局限于下述的具体实施方式。
为了使得具体实施方式的描述更加明确具体, 以下主要以混凝土泵为 例描述本发明的粘稠物料双缸泵的泵送行程控制方法以及粘稠物料泵送设 备。 相应地, 粘稠物料双缸泵的泵送行程控制方法称为 "混凝土泵的泵送 行程控制方法, 粘稠物料泵送设备称为 "混凝土泵送设备", 但是对于本领 域技术人员显然地, 由于粘稠物料双缸泵的主要结构与混凝土泵类似, 下 述的具体实施方式能够普遍性地适用于粘稠物料双缸泵的泵送行程的控 制, 例如泥浆、 砂浆等双缸泵的泵送行程的控制。
在描述本发明的具体实施方式之前, 为了更充分地理解本发明下述的 技术方案, 需要首先说明的是:
第一, 公知地, 混凝土泵泵送的混凝土为流体混凝土, 因此在本申请 的技术方案中, "混凝土"指能够通过混凝土泵泵送的流体混凝土, 而并非 是固化状态的混凝土;
第二, 流体混凝土的料况参数可以根据需要进行选择, 在本发明的下 述技术方案中, 由于混凝土的吸料率与混凝土的粘度和塌落度 (用于衡量 混凝土的塑化性能和可泵性能的常用参数) 密切相关, 因此主要选用粘度 和 /或塌落度作为确定泵送行程的基准, 但是本发明的技术方案并不限于采 用粘度和 /或塌落度作为确定泵送行程的基准, 而是可以采用混凝土的其它 合适的料况参数 (例如含水量) 等作为所述基准, 因此不应以选择混凝土 的特定料况参数来限制本发明的保护范围;
第三, 有关混凝土泵本身的结构形式对于本领域技术人员是熟知的,
在上文中已经进行了简略介绍, 因此在下文本发明的技术方案的描述中, 将省略公知结构的介绍, 而重点说明本发明的关键技术构思。 例如, 尽管 本发明的图 3中显示第一主油缸 1和第二主油缸 2的无杆腔相互连通以构 成连通腔 5,而第一主油缸 1和第二主油缸 2的有杆腔分别通过第一工作油 路 A和第二工作油路 B经由换向阔连接于进油油路和油箱, 从而构成伸缩 换向控制回路(图 3中仅示意性显示了第一工作油路 A和第二工作油路 B), 但是可选择地, 也可以讲第一主油缸 1和第二主油缸 2的有杆腔相互连通 以构成连通腔 5,而将第一主油缸 1和第二主油缸 2的无杆腔分别连接于第 一工作油路 A和第二工作油路 B, 这些简单变型均应当属于本发明的保护 范围。 此外, 图 3 中省略了混凝土泵的一些其它公知部件, 例如混凝土输 送缸 11,12输送端设置的分配阔、 摆动缸、 料斗等, 但并不影响本领域技术 人员对本发明技术方案的理解。
以下首先描述本发明的混凝土泵的泵送行程控制方法的具体实施方 式, 进而描述本发明的混凝土泵送设备的具体实施方式, 在描述过程中, 将附带描述本发明的操作过程、 所采用的典型的具体装置以及一些可能的 简单变形形式。
本发明的混凝土泵的泵送行程控制方法的主要技术构思是通过调节连 通腔 5内的液压油的量(即体积)来改变混凝土泵的实际泵送行程 L, 具体 原理如下, 参见图 3所示, 液压油理论上具有不可压缩性, 对于各种具体 型号的混凝土而言, 第一混凝土活塞 13和第二混凝土活塞 14在第一混凝 土输送缸 11和第二混凝土输送缸 12内的推进位置是固定的, 例如在图 3 所示的情形下, 第一工作油路 A进油, 第二工作油路 B回油, 从而推动第 一主油缸 1的第一活塞杆 3向左运动, 第一活塞杆 3带动第一混凝土输送 缸 11 内的第一混凝土活塞 13向左运动, 由于第一活塞杆 3向左运动, 从 而压缩作为第一主油缸 1的无杆腔 (构成连通腔 5的组成部分) 内的液压 油, 使得该第一主油缸 1 的无杆腔内的液压油流动到第二主油缸 2的无杆
腔内, 从而推动第二主油缸 2的第二活塞杆 4向右运动, 第二活塞杆 4推 动第二混凝土活塞 14向右运动, 在图 3中第二混凝土活塞 14已经运动第 二混凝土输送缸 14右端的推进终点位置(为了避免撞缸, 混凝土输送缸上 的相应限位止动件一般与该混凝土输送缸的右端具有预定间隔), 此时尽管 第一活塞杆 3在第一主油缸 1 内仍然向左运动到位, 对应地第一混凝土活 塞 13在第一混凝土输送缸 11内也没有运动到第一混凝土输送缸 11的左端 抽吸终点位置, 但是由于第二混凝土活塞 14已经运动到位, 其无法继续再 向右运动, 由于第二混凝土活塞 14的阻碍作用以及连通腔 5内的液压油的 不可压缩性, 无论第一工作油路 A是否继续进油, 均无法推动第一活塞杆 3继续向左运动。 在图 3所示的第二混凝土活塞 14已经向右运动到位的情 形下, 进行换向操作, 使得第二工作油路 B进油, 而第一工作油路 A回油, 第二活塞杆 4也只能够从图示的位置向左运动实际泵送行程 L的距离, 便 会将第一混凝土活塞 13驱动到第一混凝土输送缸 11 的右端推进终点位置 (公知地, 为了保证泵送行程的匹配性和一致性, 混凝土泵的第一和第二 主油缸 1, 2是相同的液压缸, 第一混凝土输送缸和第二混凝土输送缸 11, 12也是相同的输送缸, 并且在主体结构上对称设置), 也就是说, 在此情形 下, 混凝土泵的实际泵送行程为 L, 需要注意的是, 混凝土泵的实际泵送行 程 L等于第一主油缸 1的第一活塞杆 3 (或第二主油缸 2的第二活塞杆 4) 的伸缩运动行程以及第一混凝土输送缸 11的第一混凝土活塞 13 (或第二混 凝土输送缸 12的第二混凝土活塞 14)的伸缩运动行程, 因此控制第一主油 缸 1的第一活塞杆 3 (或第二主油缸 2的第二活塞杆 4)伸缩运动行程的改 变, 也就意味着混凝土泵的实际泵送行程 L的改变。
在图 3所示的状态下 (为便于理解此处进行静态分析), 如果通过泵送 行程调节装置 8向连通腔 5内增加预定体积 V的液压油, 此时第二主油缸 2的第二活塞杆 4由于第二混凝土活塞 14已经运动到位而无法使得第二主 油缸 2的无杆腔增大容积, 此时该预定体积 V的液压油只能通过向右推动
第一主油缸 1的第一活塞杆 3而增大第一主油缸 1的无杆腔的容积,在图 3 的状态下, 第一活塞杆 3向右运动, 实际泵送行程 L便会减小 (减小的距 离为增加的液压油的预定体积 V除以第一液压缸的无杆腔的截面积, 当然 在有杆腔构成连通腔 5的情形下, 增加的液压油的预定体积 V应当除以减 去了活塞杆截面积的第一液压缸的有杆腔截面积); 对应地, 如果通过泵送 行程调节装置 8从连通腔内减少预定体积 V的液压油, 第一活塞杆 3会从 图 3所示的位置向左移动, 从而使得实际泵送行程 L增大。 尽管上述分析 为便于理解仅是静态分析, 但是无论动态还是静态, 其原理是相同的, 即 在混凝土泵的泵送过程中, 可以通过改变连通腔 5 中的液压油的体积 (由 于液压油的不可压缩性也即改变连通腔 5的容积), 可以控制主油缸的活塞 杆伸缩运动行程的大小,相应地也就改变了混凝土泵的实际泵送行程 L,具 体地, 若连通腔 5中的液压油总体积减小, 则主油缸 (第一主油缸 1和第 二主油缸 2)的伸缩运动行程变大, 则混凝土泵的实际泵送行程 L增大; 若 连通腔 5 中的液压油总体积增大, 则主油缸的伸缩运动行程变小, 则混凝 土泵的泵送行程 L减小。 因此, 通过控制连通腔内的液压油的量 (即液压 油的体积), 即可实现主油缸的伸缩运动形成的控制, 从而实现混凝土泵的 泵送行程的无级调节。 在此附加说明的是, 本发明的无级调节, 是指混凝 土泵可以调节为多个泵送行程或基本连续的泵送行程。
参见图 4所示, 本发明的混凝土泵的泵送行程控制方法包括如下步骤: 第一, 根据待输送的混凝土的预定类型的料况参数确定该预定类型的 料况参数对应的混凝土泵的目标泵送行程 (一般可以通过将料况参数与数 据库或数据表进行比对而确定); 第二, 通过调节所述混凝土泵的连通腔 5 内容纳的液压油的体积, 而将所述混凝土泵的实际泵送行程 L调节到所述 目标泵送行程。
在本发明混凝土泵的泵送行程控制方法的上述主要技术构思范围内, 就上述第一步骤而言, 待输送的混凝土的预定类型的料况参数主要是指与
泵送性能比较相关的料况参数, 为了下述的数据库或数据表的建立的容易 性, 一般可以选择一种或两种料况参数, 例如优选地可以选择为混凝土的 粘度和 /或塌落度, 混凝土的粘度和塌落度是影响混凝土泵送性能的两个比 较关键的料况参数, 当然所选择的预定类型的料况参数并不局限于采用上 述典型的料况参数, 例如含水量、 含沙量等。 其中, 混凝土的粘度一般可 以采用混凝土粘度计进行测量, 当然也可以采用公知的其它粘度测量方法 测试混凝土的粘度。 混凝土的塌落度具有标准的测量方法, 具体地, 例如 用一个上口 100mm、 下口 200mm、 高 300mm喇叭状的塌落度桶, 灌入混 凝土后捣实, 然后拔起桶,混凝土因自重产生塌落现象, 用桶高 (300mm) 减去塌落后混凝土最高点的高度, 称为塌落度。如果差值为 10mm, 则塌落 度为 10。 更优选地, 粘度和塌落度的检测可以采用能够产生料况参数信号 的混凝土料况检测装置, 例如混凝土粘度数控智能测试仪、 混凝土塌落度 数控检测仪等, 这些检测装置在混凝土行业中已经相对广泛的采用, 例如 中国实用新型专利 CN200920305982X中公开的混凝土粘度测试仪。这在通 过控制器 9根据混凝土的预定类型的料况参数来确定该预定类型的料况参 数对应的混凝土泵的目标泵送行程是特别有利的, 其可以将检测的预定类 型的料况参数信号自动输入到控制其 9 内。 在此需要说明的是, 待输送的 混凝土预定类型的料况参数虽然一般可以事先通过检测获得, 但并不限于 此, 在大批量作业的情形下, 根据混凝土的混合比例、 成分等对照过去测 试的数据, 即可直接确定混凝土的预定类型的料况参数。
另外, 在上述第一步骤中, 优选地可以通过控制器 9根据所述预定类 型的料况参数确定该预定料况参数对应的混凝土泵的目标泵送行程, 可以 将优选地通过检测确定的混凝土的预定料况参数输入到控制器 9 内, 该控 制器 9 内具有数据库, 在该数据库中存储有混凝土的各个数值的料况参数 所对应的目标泵送行程, 控制器 9根据输入的预定料况参数, 通过查询数 据库找到该预定料况参数所对应的目标泵送行程, 从而确定所述预定料况
参数所对应的目标泵送行程。 所述控制器 9可以采用电控单元、 可编程序 控制器、 单片机等。 当然, 也不限于采用控制器 9 的自动查询的形式, 也 可以由操作人员根据检测的料况参数对照数据表确定目标泵送行程。 不同 料况的混凝土所对应的目标泵送行程一般是该料况参数的混凝土最理想或 比较理想的泵送行程, 当混凝土泵采用该目标泵送行程进行该料况的混凝 土泵送时, 混凝土输送缸不容易出现吸料不足的现象, 从而具有相对较高 的泵送效率。 数据库的建立主要通过模拟工况试验, 总结各种料况的混凝 土的目标泵送行程而使得相应的混凝土的料况参数具有对应的目标泵送行 程。 例如, 就某一型号的混凝土泵而言, 通过大量模拟工况试验确定该混 凝土泵各种料况混凝土对应的目标泵送行程。
在上述第二步骤中, 具体地, 可以检测所述混凝土泵当前的实际泵送 行程 L, 这可以通过直线位移传感器 (例如磁阻直线位移传感器) 来实现, 当实际泵送行程 L大于所述目标泵送行程时, 可以通过增加所述连通腔 5 内的液压油的体积而使得所述实际泵送行程 L减小到所述目标泵送行程。 当实际泵送行程 L小于所述目标泵送行程时, 可以通过减小所述连通腔 5 内的液压油的体积而使得所述实际泵送行程 L增大到所述目标泵送行程。 具体地调节过程可以采取多种调节顺序, 例如可以通过泵送行程调节装置 连续地调节所述连通腔 5 内的液压油的体积, 优选地可以采用计量泵连续 地向连通腔 5 内注入或从连通腔 5抽出液压油, 并实时地检测所述混凝土 泵的实际泵送行程 L, 直至实际泵送行程 L调节到目标泵送行程停止调节 连通腔 5内的液压油的体积。
最优选地, 由于连通腔 5是由第一主油缸 1和第二主油缸 2的无杆腔 连通形成, 或者是由第一主油缸 1和第二主油缸 2的有杆腔连通形成, 即 连通腔 5 的截面积是确定的, 因此最优选地, 可以先根据目标泵送行程和 实际泵送行程 L计算出需要增加或减少的液压油的体积, 然后通过计量泵 向所述连通腔 5内注入液压油或从该连通腔 5内抽出液压油来调节连通腔 5
内的液压油的体积。 具体地, 通过上述原理分析可知, 所述连通腔 5 内注 入或抽出的液压油的体积为实际泵送行程 L与目标泵送行程的差值的绝对 值乘以连通腔 5的截面积, 其中当连通腔 5由混凝土泵的第一主油缸 1和 第二主油缸 2的无杆腔连通形成时, 连通腔 5 的截面积等于第一主油缸 1 或第二主油缸 2的无杆腔的截面积; 当连通腔 5由第一主油缸 1和第二主 油缸 2的有杆腔连通形成时, 连通腔 5的截面积等于第一主油缸 1或第二 主油缸 2的有杆腔的截面积减去该第一主油缸 1或第二主油缸 2的活塞杆 3 或 4的截面积。
当通过计量泵将上述体积的液压油根据需要增加或减少到连通腔 5 内 时, 就可以保证将混凝土泵的实际泵送行程 L调节到目标泵送行程。 进一 步优选地, 为了验证调节是否精确, 还可以进一步地检测混凝土泵的实际 泵送行程, 并确定调节后的实际泵送行程是否等于目标泵送行程, 从而确 定是否需要进一步调节。
由上描述可知, 本发明的混凝土泵的泵送行程控制方法优选地可以在 控制器内设定基于混凝土料况的最佳或较佳吸料效率的目标泵送行程数据 库, 即每种对应的混凝土预定类型的料况参数将有一个对应的目标泵送行 程; 在泵送混凝土前, 先将混凝土的预定类型的料况参数输入控制器, 则 控制器将在上述数据库中查询目标泵送行程; 进而根据查询的目标泵送行 程, 控制泵送行程调节装置, 调节主油缸的伸缩控制行程, 例如在直到位 移传感器反馈的实际泵送行程为目标泵送行程时, 则行程调节结束。 泵送 时混凝土泵将以此目标泵送行程进行泵送, 混凝土输送缸将达到理想的吸 料效率。 也就是说, 本发明的关键技术点在于: 第一, 设置了各种混凝土 料况下的目标泵送行程的数据库, 可根据目标泵送行程实现混凝土输送缸 内的理想的吸料效率。 第二, 设置了泵送行程调节装置, 可通过泵送行程 调节装置来调节连通腔 5 内的液压油的体积, 从而可以根据需要调节泵送 行程, 从而实现了无级调节泵送行程。
以下简略描述本发明的能够实现上述混凝土泵的泵送行程控制方法的 混凝土泵送设备的具体实施方式。 参见图 3所示, 本发明的混凝土泵送设 备包括混凝土泵, 其中, 该混凝土泵送设备还包括控制器 9、 用于调节所述 混凝土泵的连通腔 5内的液压油体积的泵送行程调节装置 8和用于检测所 述混凝土泵的实际泵送行程 L的位移传感器, 所述泵送行程调节装置包括 泵吸装置和该泵吸装置的驱动装置, 其中所述控制器 9 电连接于所述位移 传感器和泵送行程调节装置 8,所述控制器 9根据待输送的混凝土的定料况 参数确定该预定类型的料况参数所对应的混凝土泵的目标泵送行程, 并进 而通过控制所述泵送行程调节装置 8调节所述混凝土泵的连通腔 5 内容纳 的液压油的体积, 而将所述混凝土泵当前的实际泵送行程 L调节到所述目 标泵送行程。
具体地, 所述泵送行程调节装置包括泵吸装置和该泵吸装置的驱动装 置, 其中所述控制器 9 电连接于所述驱动装置, 所述泵吸装置与所述混凝 土泵的连通腔 5连通以选择性地从该连通腔 5内抽吸或向该连通腔 5内注 入液压油。 显然地, 所述泵吸装置可以是计量泵或其它能够泵吸液压油的 泵吸装置 (例如带有刻度的柱塞泵, 该柱塞泵采用的驱动装置例如可以是 电动伸缩杆), 所述驱动装置可以是电动机或者具有电磁换向阔的液压马达 驱动总成等, 通过驱动装置驱动计量泵、 柱塞泵等泵吸装置的正反转或伸 缩而实现液压油的泵送或抽吸, 例如在采用计量泵的情形下, 可以通过控 制电机来驱动计量泵正反转而实现泵送或抽吸, 计量泵的两个端口可以分 别连接到连通腔 5和油箱, 当然所述泵吸装置也可以采用两个计量泵, 一 个计量泵专门用于从连通腔内抽吸液压油, 另一个计量泵专门用于向连通 腔 5内泵油 (各个计量泵的两个端口可以分别连接到连通腔 5和油箱), 这 种用于调节所述混凝土泵的连通腔 5内的液压油体积的泵送行程调节装置 8 对于液压领域的技术人员, 在本发明的技术构思的启示下可以设计出多种 型式, 在此不再赘述。 这种泵送行程调节装置可以具有多种形式, 在其包
括泵吸装置和该泵吸装置的驱动装置的情形下, 相关的泵吸装置和驱动装 置对于本领域技术人员更是可以进行多种变型, 在此不再赘述。
优选地, 所述混凝土泵送设备还包括混凝土料况检测装置 10, 该混凝 土料况检测装置 10电连接于所述控制器 9, 以将检测的所述预定类型的料 况参数信号输入所述控制器 9。 例如, 混凝土料况检测装置 10可以是上述 的凝土粘度数控智能测试仪和 /或混凝土塌落度数控检测仪等。
此外, 所述位移传感器一般只需要在第一主油缸 1或第二主油缸 2上 安装即可, 图 3中在第一主油缸 1的第一活塞杆 3和第二主油缸 2的第二 活塞杆 4上同时安装有第一活塞杆位移传感器 6和第二活塞杆位移传感器 7, 该第一活塞杆位移传感器 6和第二活塞杆位移传感器 7均为磁阻式直线 位移传感器, 其在液压缸的行程检测中普遍采用, 其安装形式是本领域技 术人员熟知的, 通常安装为使得活塞杆能够相对于磁阻式直线位移传感器 的杆式测头滑动。 当然, 位移传感器也可以采用其它公知的传感器, 例如 霍尔传感器等。 另外, 显然地, 上述混凝土泵送设备例如可以为安装有混 凝土泵的混凝土泵车、 混凝土拖泵等。
由上描述可以看出, 本发明优点在于: 本发明提供了一种混凝土泵的 泵送行程控制方法以及混凝土泵送设备, 其可根据混凝土的预定类型的料 况参数 (例如粘度或塌落度), 来适应性地调节混凝土泵的泵送行程, 使混 凝土输送缸有效地避免吸料不足的现象, 从而提高了泵送吸料效率, 节约 能源。 本发明实现了混凝土泵的泵送行程的无级调节, 使得混凝土泵针对 不同料况的混凝土在相对理想的泵送行程下达到理想的吸料效率。 本发明 的混凝土泵送设备结构简单, 操作方便, 成本低廉, 并且由于有效减少了 混凝土活塞的无效行程, 因此能够显著地延长混凝土活塞的寿命。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式, 但是, 本发明并不 限于上述实施方式中的具体细节, 在本发明的技术构思范围内, 可以对本 发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型, 这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范
围。 尤其是, 尽管以上主要以混凝土泵为例描述本发明的粘稠物料双缸泵 的泵送行程控制方法以及用于实现该方法的粘稠物料泵送设备, 但是本发 明的粘稠物料双缸泵的泵送行程控制方法以及用于实现该方法的粘稠物料 泵送设备显然并不局限于混凝土泵的泵送行程控制方法以及混凝土泵送设 备, 而是可以普遍性地适用于粘稠物料双缸泵的泵送行程的控制, 例如泥 浆、 砂浆等双缸泵的泵送行程的控制, 尤其形成用于输送其它粘稠物料的 泵送设备。
另外需要说明的是, 在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特 征, 在不矛盾的情况下, 可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。 为了避免不 必要的重复, 本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外, 本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合, 只要 其不违背本发明的思想, 其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。
Claims
1、 粘稠物料双缸泵的泵送行程控制方法, 其中, 包括如下步骤: 第一, 根据待输送的粘稠物料的预定类型的料况参数确定该预定类型 的料况参数所对应的粘稠物料双缸泵的目标泵送行程; 以及
第二, 通过调节所述粘稠物料双缸泵的连通腔 (5 ) 内容纳的液压油的 体积, 而将所述粘稠物料双缸泵当前的实际泵送行程(L)调节到所述目标 泵送行程。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的泵送行程控制方法, 其中, 在所述第一步骤 中, 所述粘稠物料为混凝土, 所述预定类型的料况参数为混凝土的粘度和 / 或塌落度。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的泵送行程控制方法, 其中, 在所述第一步骤 中, 将通过检测确定的所述预定类型的料况参数输入到具有数据库的控制 器 (9) 中, 所述控制器 (9) 根据所述预定类型的料况参数, 通过查询所 述数据库确定该预定类型的料况参数所对应的所述目标泵送行程。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的泵送行程控制方法, 其中, 在所述第二步骤 中, 检测所述粘稠物料双缸泵的所述实际泵送行程 (L), 当该实际泵送行 程 (L) 大于所述目标泵送行程时, 通过增加所述连通腔 (5 ) 内的液压油 的体积而使得所述实际泵送行程(L)减小到所述目标泵送行程; 当所述实 际泵送行程 (L) 小于所述目标泵送行程时, 通过减小所述连通腔 (5) 内 的液压油的体积而使得所述实际泵送行程 (L) 增大到所述目标泵送行程。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的泵送行程控制方法, 其中, 在所述第二步骤
中, 连续地调节所述连通腔 (5 ) 内的液压油的体积, 并实时地检测所述粘 稠物料双缸泵的实际泵送行程(L), 直至该实际泵送行程(L)调节到所述 目标泵送行程而停止调节所述连通腔 (5) 内的液压油的体积。
6、 根据权利要求 4所述的泵送行程控制方法, 其中, 在所述第二步骤 中,所述连通腔(5 )内注入或抽出的液压油的体积为所述实际泵送行程(L) 与所述目标泵送行程的差值的绝对值乘以所述连通腔 (5) 的截面积, 其中 当所述连通腔 (5 ) 由所述粘稠物料双缸泵的第一主油缸 (1 ) 和第二 主油缸 (2) 的无杆腔连通形成时, 所述连通腔 (5 ) 的截面积等于所述第 一主油缸 (1 ) 或第二主油缸 (2) 的无杆腔的截面积; 当所述连通腔 (5) 由所述第一主油缸 (1 ) 和第二主油缸 (2) 的有杆腔连通形成时, 所述连 通腔 (5) 的截面积等于所述第一主油缸 (1 ) 或第二主油缸 (2) 的有杆腔 的截面积减去该第一主油缸 (1 ) 或第二主油缸 (2) 的活塞杆的截面积。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的泵送行程控制方法, 其中, 所述泵送行程控 制方法还包括第三步骤, 在该第三步骤中, 检测所述粘稠物料双缸泵调节 后的实际泵送行程, 以确定该调节后的实际泵送行程等于所述目标泵送行 程。
8、 根据权利要求 1至 7中任一项所述的泵送行程控制方法, 其中, 在 所述第二步骤中, 通过泵吸装置向所述连通腔 (5) 内注入液压油或从该连 通腔 (5 ) 内抽出液压油来调节所述连通腔 (5) 内的液压油的体积。
9、 粘稠物料泵送设备, 包括粘稠物料双缸泵, 其中, 该粘稠物料泵送 设备还包括控制器 (9)、 用于调节所述粘稠物料双缸泵的连通腔 (5) 内的 液压油体积的泵送行程调节装置 (8)、 以及用于检测所述粘稠物料双缸泵
的实际泵送行程 (L) 的位移传感器,
所述控制器 (9) 电连接于所述位移传感器和所述泵送行程调节装置
(8), 该控制器 (9) 根据待输送的粘稠物料的预定类型的料况参数确定该 预定类型的料况参数所对应的粘稠物料双缸泵的目标泵送行程, 并进而通 过控制所述泵送行程调节装置 (8) 调节所述粘稠物料双缸泵的连通腔 (5 ) 内容纳的液压油的体积, 从而将所述粘稠物料双缸泵当前的实际泵送行程
(L) 调节到所述目标泵送行程。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的粘稠物料泵送设备, 其中, 所述泵送行程 调节装置 (8) 包括泵吸装置和该泵吸装置的驱动装置, 所述控制器 (9) 电连接于所述驱动装置,所述泵吸装置与所述粘稠物料双缸泵的连通腔(5 ) 连通以选择性地从该连通腔 (5) 内抽吸或向该连通腔 (5) 内注入液压油。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的粘稠物料泵送设备, 其中, 所述泵吸装置 为计量泵, 所述驱动装置为电机。
12、 根据权利要求 9所述的粘稠物料泵送设备, 其中, 所述粘稠物料 泵送设备还包括混凝土料况检测装置 (10), 该混凝土料况检测装置 (10) 电连接于所述控制器 (9), 以将检测的所述预定类型的料况参数信号输入 所述控制器 (9)。
13、 根据权利要求 9所述的粘稠物料泵送设备, 其中, 所述位移传感 器为磁阻式直线位移传感器。
14、 根据权利要求 9至 13中任一项所述的粘稠物料泵送设备, 其中, 所述粘稠物料泵送设备为混凝土泵送设备。
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| CN102330715B (zh) * | 2011-07-14 | 2013-03-27 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | 混凝土泵送设备、串联油缸及其行程自适应末端补偿方法 |
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| CN109026669A (zh) * | 2018-10-08 | 2018-12-18 | 扬州四启环保设备有限公司 | 一种卧式双缸双进料泵体 |
| CN109026669B (zh) * | 2018-10-08 | 2023-07-14 | 扬州四启环保设备有限公司 | 一种卧式双缸双进料泵体 |
| IT201900007779A1 (it) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-12-01 | Corob Spa | Metodo di controllo della dispensazione di prodotti fluidi |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103114983B (zh) | 2014-01-01 |
| CN103114983A (zh) | 2013-05-22 |
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