WO2014000386A1 - 液压系统、液压系统的控制方法和工程机械 - Google Patents
液压系统、液压系统的控制方法和工程机械 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014000386A1 WO2014000386A1 PCT/CN2012/086101 CN2012086101W WO2014000386A1 WO 2014000386 A1 WO2014000386 A1 WO 2014000386A1 CN 2012086101 W CN2012086101 W CN 2012086101W WO 2014000386 A1 WO2014000386 A1 WO 2014000386A1
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- pressure
- variable pump
- hydraulic system
- flow
- width
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/16—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
- F15B11/161—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors with sensing of servomotor demand or load
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
- F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
- F15B2211/2053—Type of pump
- F15B2211/20546—Type of pump variable capacity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
- F15B2211/255—Flow control functions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
- F15B2211/30525—Directional control valves, e.g. 4/3-directional control valve
- F15B2211/3053—In combination with a pressure compensating valve
- F15B2211/30535—In combination with a pressure compensating valve the pressure compensating valve is arranged between pressure source and directional control valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
- F15B2211/63—Electronic controllers
- F15B2211/6303—Electronic controllers using input signals
- F15B2211/6346—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a state of input means, e.g. joystick position
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
- F15B2211/665—Methods of control using electronic components
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
- F15B2211/665—Methods of control using electronic components
- F15B2211/6652—Control of the pressure source, e.g. control of the swash plate angle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
- F15B2211/665—Methods of control using electronic components
- F15B2211/6654—Flow rate control
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of hydraulics, and in particular to a control method of a hydraulic system, a hydraulic system using the same, and a construction machine using the hydraulic system. Background technique
- the hydraulic system includes a variable pump 1, a load sensitive width 6, an overflow width 7, and a plurality of actuators 2, wherein each actuator 2 passes through a parallel hydraulic branch and a variable pump 1 Connected, wherein each of the hydraulic branch roads is provided with a series throttle width 31 and a constant pressure relief width 32, which is formed to adjust the speed of the actuator 2, wherein the differential pressure reduction width is 32
- the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the throttle block 31 is kept constant, and the flow rate of each hydraulic branch is controlled by controlling the wide opening of the throttle width 31 to ensure the simultaneous operation of the plurality of actuators 2.
- the overflow is 7 to ensure the safety of the overall system. When the system pressure is greater than the set pressure of the overflow width 7, the excess flow flows back to the tank through the overflow.
- a shuttle flange 41 communicating with each other is disposed between adjacent hydraulic branches, and the maximum load pressure of each actuator 2 can be selected by the plurality of shuttles 41, and the maximum load is selected.
- Pressure feedback is sensitive to load 6 .
- the load sensitive width 6 can compare the maximum load pressure of the actuator 2 with the pressure of the variable pump 1 outlet, and if the pressure difference exceeds the set value of the load sensitivity, the output flow of the variable pump 1 is too large.
- Load sensitive The sense width 6 can control the displacement of the variable pump 1 to be reduced so that the above pressure difference is restored to the set value.
- the load sensitivity width 6 can also increase the displacement of the variable pump 1 and make the pressure The difference returns to the set value. Thereby, the variable pump 1 is required to output only the required flow rates of the plurality of actuators 2. And reduce the problem of system traffic overflow.
- the above load-sensing technology also has certain drawbacks, that is, in order to realize the work of load-sensitivity, it is necessary to set a set pressure difference in the load-sensitivity wide 6 , and in the above work, even if the pressure difference of the system is restored to the set Constant pressure difference, this set differential pressure will inevitably bring some extra power loss to the system.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a control method for a hydraulic system which can effectively reduce the possibility of overflow of the system and effectively reduce the power loss of the system.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic system capable of effectively reducing the possibility of overflow of the system and effectively reducing the power loss of the system.
- a control method of a hydraulic system including a variable pump and a plurality of actuators driven by the variable pump, the plurality of actuators being respectively disposed in parallel by a plurality of actuators is provided a hydraulic branch is connected to the variable pump, and the hydraulic branch between each actuator and the variable pump is provided with a flow control width for adjusting a corresponding actuator flow
- the control method includes : calculating a required flow rate of the actuator according to the working speed of each of the actuators; adjusting a displacement of the variable pump such that an output flow of the variable pump is equal to a sum of the required flows; and adjusting each Flow control
- the corresponding set flow rate of the flow control is adjusted to be maximum.
- the actuator when at least two actuators work at the same time and need to stop the operation of a part of the actuator, first closing the corresponding flow control width and adjusting the displacement of the variable pump, so that the variable pump The output flow is equal to the sum of the demand flows of the still operating actuators.
- the speed control is used as the flow control width
- the speed regulation wide design has a throttle width and a fixed pressure reduction width, and the first limit of the throttle inlet and the outlet is maintained by using the fixed pressure reduction width. The pressure difference does not change.
- the sum of the set flow rates is set to be 105% to 115% of the output flow rate.
- the hydraulic system further includes a differential pressure detecting module, the control method comprising detecting the second pressure between the highest load pressure of the plurality of actuators and the variable pump outlet pressure using the differential pressure detecting module Poor, when the second pressure difference is greater than a set pressure of the differential pressure reduction corresponding to the actuator having the highest load pressure, reducing an output flow of the variable pump, or increasing the The flow control sets a wide set flow rate such that the second pressure difference is less than or equal to a set pressure of the fixed differential pressure.
- a shuttle is disposed between two adjacent hydraulic branches, and the shuttles are connected in series to each other to introduce a highest load pressure among the plurality of actuators a differential pressure switch connected to the shuttle, thereby obtaining the second pressure by the differential pressure switch
- a proportional ratio is set in the hydraulic system, and when the second pressure difference is greater than the set pressure of the proportional width, the oil outputted by the variable pump is partially leaked into the oil tank by the proportional width. So that the second pressure difference is less than or equal to the set pressure of the ratio.
- the ratio is broadly designed with a control cavity, an oil inlet port and a oil return port, and one end of the control cavity is connected to the outlet pressure of the variable pump, and the other end is connected to the differential pressure detecting module.
- the oil inlet is communicated with an outlet of the variable pump, and the oil return port is in communication with the fuel tank.
- a hydraulic system including a variable pump and a plurality of actuators driven by the variable pump, the plurality of actuators being respectively coupled to the hydraulic branch by a plurality of hydraulic branches arranged in parallel a variable pump is connected, and a flow control for adjusting a corresponding actuator flow is provided on the hydraulic branch between each actuator and the variable pump, wherein the hydraulic system further includes a controller, the controller The required flow rate of the actuator is calculated according to the working speed of each of the actuators, wherein the controller can: adjust the displacement of the variable pump such that the output flow of the variable pump is equal to a sum of the demand flow values; and adjusting each of the flow control widths such that a sum of the flow control wide set flows is equal to or greater than an output flow of the variable pump.
- the flow control is broadly variable, and the speed regulation includes a throttle width and a differential pressure reduction in series, and the differential pressure is widely used to maintain the throttle inlet and outlet.
- the sum of the set flows is between 105% and 115% of the output flow.
- the hydraulic system further includes a differential pressure detecting module, configured to detect a second pressure difference between a highest load pressure of the plurality of actuators and the variable pump outlet pressure, when The controller is capable of controlling to decrease the output flow of the variable pump, or to increase when the second pressure difference is greater than a set pressure of the differential pressure reduction corresponding to the actuator having the highest load pressure
- the flow rate controls a set flow rate such that the second pressure difference is less than or equal to a set pressure of the differential pressure reduction.
- the differential pressure detecting module includes a shuttle sleeve disposed between two adjacent hydraulic branches and a differential pressure switch connected to the shuttle, the shuttles being connected in series to each other to perform the plurality of executions The highest load pressure in the mechanism is introduced into the differential pressure switch such that the second differential pressure is obtained by the differential pressure switch.
- the hydraulic system further includes a proportional width having a set pressure, and when the second pressure difference is greater than the set pressure of the proportional width, the ratio is wider than the oil portion output by the variable pump The ground is drained into the oil tank such that the second pressure difference is less than or equal to the set pressure of the proportional width.
- the ratio includes a control chamber, an oil inlet port and a oil return port, wherein one end of the control chamber communicates with an outlet pressure of the variable pump, and the other end communicates with the differential pressure detecting module, the oil inlet port and the oil inlet port
- the outlet of the variable pump is in communication, and the oil return port is in communication with the oil tank.
- a construction machine is provided, wherein the construction machine includes a hydraulic system provided by the present invention.
- the hydraulic system and the control method thereof provided by the present invention do not need to provide a pressure difference in the system, the possibility of overflow of the system can be effectively reduced, so that the power loss of the system can be effectively reduced, and the utility is strong.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic system of a single pump multiple actuator in the prior art
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic system of a single pump multiple actuator according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic system of a single pump multiple actuator provided by a second embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing a hydraulic system of a single pump multi-actuator according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Description of the reference numerals
- output flow rate used in the present invention is the flow rate value of the variable pump 1 in real time, and the “maximum flow rate” is when the variable pump 1 is operating at full load.
- the maximum flow value output; and “demand flow” refers to the flow value required by the working organization to achieve a specific working speed.
- set flow rate and set pressure refer to the target value set by the corresponding component for achieving a certain purpose.
- the present invention provides a hydraulic system including a variable pump 1 and a plurality of actuators 2 (cylinders) driven by the variable pump 1, and the plurality of actuators 2 respectively pass A hydraulic branch arranged in parallel is connected to the variable pump 1 for the purpose of driving a multi-actuator by a single pump.
- a flow control width 3 for adjusting the flow rate of the corresponding actuator 2 is provided on the hydraulic branch between each actuator 2 and the variable pump 1.
- the flow control width is 3, and the speed limit includes a throttle width 31 and a constant pressure reduction width 32 which are arranged in series, and the differential pressure reduction width 32 maintains a throttle width 31 inlet and outlet.
- the flow control width 3 can also be other types of hydraulic widening that are considered by those skilled in the art. No restrictions.
- the present invention provides a control method based on the hydraulic system provided by the present invention, the control method comprising: first calculating the demand flow rate of the actuator 2 according to the operating speed of each actuator 2 .
- the operating speed of each of the actuators 2 depends on the type of work that the actuator 2 needs to perform, and the speed of the work is achieved by the flow rate of the hydraulic oil.
- the displacement of the variable pump 1 is adjusted so that the output flow of the variable pump 1 is equal to the sum of the required flow rates; and each flow control width is adjusted to 3, so that the set flow rate of the flow control width is 3
- the sum is equal to or greater than the output flow of the variable pump 1.
- the output flow of the variable pump 1 can be used to drive the actuator 2, thereby effectively reducing the possibility of overflow of the system, and the sum of the set flow rates of the flow control width 3 is equal to or greater than
- the output flow of the variable pump 1 can effectively reduce the pressure loss caused by the throttle control or the speed regulation after the flow control is controlled.
- the hydraulic system and the control method thereof provided by the invention need not be A set pressure difference is set in the system, so that the power loss caused by setting a set pressure difference in the system in the prior art is avoided, so the utility is strong.
- a controller is provided in the provided hydraulic system, and the controller may preferably be a PLC controller which is common in the art, and the flow control is broadly controlled to be electrically controlled, and the displacement of the variable displacement pump 1 is set.
- the displacement control device 11, the displacement control device 11 can be a device known to those skilled in the art capable of controlling the displacement of the variable pump, for example, by controlling the electro-hydraulic proportionality, or directly using the electronically controlled pump as the variable pump 1
- the controller is provided with the required flow rate of the actuator 2 according to the working speed of each actuator 2, wherein the calculation step of the demand flow can also be calculated by the controller itself, and the operator only needs to input The speed of the corresponding actuator can be.
- the controller can adjust the displacement of the variable pump 1 by controlling the displacement control device 11 through the sum of the required flow rates of the obtained actuators, and directly control the electronically controlled flow control width, for example, the opening degree of the throttle width 31, Thereby achieving the above object.
- the sum of the set flow rates of the flow control width mentioned in the present invention is equal to or greater than In the concept of the output flow rate of the variable pump 1, preferably, the sum of the set flow rates is 105% to 115% of the output flow rate. It is preferable that the sum of the set flow rates is slightly larger than the output flow rate for better Avoid the power loss of the output flow when the flow control is wide 3. And slightly larger than the output flow can effectively reduce the error caused by the flow control width 3 and the variable accuracy of the variable pump 1. This error is due to the flow control width.
- the variable pump 1 has hysteresis, or is caused by a change in parameters such as temperature.
- the maximum set flow rate of the flow control width 3 is greater than the output flow rate of the variable pump 1 , since the output flow rate of the variable pump 1 only needs to be supplied to the one actuator, the flow control is not required at this time for flow control. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the system from overflowing, and the object of the present invention can be achieved because power loss is not caused.
- the maximum set flow rate of the flow control width 3 is smaller than the output flow rate of the variable pump 1, the system overflow can be minimized by maximizing the set flow rate of the flow control width 3, which is also the present invention. The idea is in line with it.
- the present invention provides a single pump to drive a plurality of actuators
- the maximum flow of the variable pump 1 is generally greater than that at the same time.
- the width 3 is such that the sum of the set flow rates of the flow control width 3 is equal to or greater than the output flow rate of the variable pump 1.
- the displacement of the variable pump 1 can be maximized by the displacement of the controller and the variable pump 1;
- Each flow control corresponding to the adjustment of the flow is controlled to be 3, so that the sum of the set flow rates of the flow control width 3 is equal to or greater than the maximum output flow rate of the variable pump 1.
- the set flow rate of the flow control width 3 is first adjusted to the maximum, and the displacement of the variable pump 1 is adjusted by the controller and the displacement control device 11, so that the output flow of the variable pump 1 is equal to Or the sum of the set flow rates smaller than the flow control width 3, that is, the sum of the set flow rates of the flow control width 3 is equal to or greater than the output flow rate of the variable pump 1. This minimizes the power loss of the flow.
- the flow control width corresponding to the portion of the actuator 2 that needs to be stopped is first turned off by the controller, that is, the throttle width 31 is cut off. And the displacement of the variable pump 1 is adjusted by the controller and the displacement control device 11, so that the output flow rate of the variable pump 1 is equal to the sum of the required flow rates of the actuator 2 still operating, such that Can effectively reduce the possibility of system overflow.
- the controller can determine whether the sum of the set flow rates of the flow control width 3 corresponding to the actuator 2 still working is still the same as the output flow of the variable pump 1, if different, only the corresponding controller The sum of the set flow rates of the flow control width is adjusted to be equal to or greater than the output flow rate of the variable pump 1. At this time, it is possible to effectively reduce the output power and control the power loss through the corresponding flow rate.
- the hydraulic system further comprises a differential pressure detecting module 4, the control method provided by the present invention comprising detecting the difference between the highest load pressure of the plurality of actuators 2 and the outlet pressure of the variable pump 1 using the differential pressure detecting module 4 Second pressure difference, at this time, the second pressure difference can be introduced into the controller, and the controller compares the second pressure difference with the set pressure of the differential pressure reduction width 32 corresponding to the actuator 2 having the highest load pressure.
- the second pressure difference is greater than the set pressure of the differential pressure reduction width 32 corresponding to the actuator 2 having the highest load pressure, it indicates that an excessive flow of the system occurs, causing a problem that the pump outlet pressure rises.
- the output flow rate of the variable pump 1 is lowered by the controller, or the set flow rate of the flow control width 3 is increased, so that the second pressure difference is less than or equal to the differential pressure reduction corresponding to the actuator 2 having the highest load pressure.
- the setting pressure of the width 32 Therefore, it is possible to minimize the problems caused by the overflow of the system.
- the shuttle width 41 is preferably disposed between the adjacent two hydraulic branches, and the shuttle widths 41 are connected in series to each other to the plurality of actuators 2
- the highest load pressure is introduced into the differential pressure switch 42 in communication with the shuttle 41, so that the second differential pressure is obtained by the differential pressure switch 42.
- the second differential pressure signal is transmitted to the controller through the differential pressure switch, and then the subsequent control operation is completed.
- the second pressure difference can also be obtained by a device or method known in the art such as a differential pressure sensor, which is not limited in the present invention.
- a proportional width 5 having a set pressure can be set in the hydraulic system, and when the second pressure difference is greater than a set pressure of the proportional width 5, the ratio 5 is controlled to output the oil of the flow pump 1 The liquid partially leaks into the tank until the second pressure difference is less than or equal to the set pressure of the proportional width of 5.
- the excess flow of the system can be vented back to the tank in time without waiting for the excess system flow to be greater than the set pressure of the overflow width 7, and then the discharge is started, so that the set pressure of the proportional width 5 is reasonably set lower than
- the set pressure of the overflow width of 7 can minimize the power loss of the system.
- the ratio of the width 5 can be reasonably set.
- the constant pressure should be slightly greater than the set pressure of the differential pressure relief 32. Thereby minimizing the possibility of system flooding.
- the ratio can be wide in the direction of hydraulic control, and more specifically, the liquid-controlled two-position two-way width, which is designed to have a control chamber, an oil inlet, and a return oil.
- the port communicates with one end of the control chamber with the outlet pressure of the variable pump 1, and the other end communicates with the shuttle width 41 in the differential pressure detecting module 4, connects the oil inlet port with the outlet of the variable pump, and communicates the oil return port with the oil tank.
- the ratio is such that the second pressure difference between the highest load pressure introduced from the shuttle 40 and the outlet pressure of the variable pump 1 is compared with the set pressure, and when the second pressure difference is greater than the set pressure, the system excess flow By this ratio is excluded, and since the proportional control is wide, the flow rate back to the tank can be changed in time according to the magnitude of the second differential pressure. Thereby the object of the invention is better achieved.
- the outlet pressure of the variable pump 1 is the same as the inlet pressure of each flow control, so that in addition to the variable pressure pump in the process of obtaining the second differential pressure
- the inlets of the wide 3 are controlled by direct detection of each flow rate. The pressure, and the difference between the highest load pressure and the inlet pressure corresponding to the flow control corresponding to the actuator that produces the highest load pressure, is more accurate.
- the hydraulic system and the control method thereof provided by the invention can effectively reduce the possibility of system overflow and effectively reduce the power loss, and therefore, the engineering machine itself and the hydraulic system using the hydraulic system have high practicability and Promote value.
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Abstract
一种液压系统的控制方法,该液压系统包括变量泵(1)和由该变量泵(1)驱动的多个执行机构(2),该多个执行机构(2)分别通过多个并联设置的液压支路与变量泵(1)连通,在每个执行机构(2)和变量泵(1)之间的液压支路上均设置有调整相应的执行机构流量的流量控制阀(3),该控制方法包括:根据执行机构(2)的工作速度,计算该执行机构(2)的需求流量;调节变量泵(1)的排量,使得其输出流量等于需求流量之和;并调节每个流量控制阀(3),使得其的设定流量之和等于或大于变量泵(1)的输出流量。还提供一种液压系统和具有该液压系统的工程机械。由于该液压系统及其控制方法不需在系统内设置压差,在有效减低系统发生溢流可能的同时还能降低系统的功率损失。
Description
液压系统、 液压系统的控制方法和工程机械
技术领域
本发明涉及液压领域, 具体地, 涉及一种液压系统的控制方法, 使用 该控制方法的液压系统以及使用该液压系统的工程机械。 背景技术
在现代工程机械中, 经常会出现由单泵驱动多个执行机构的液压系统, 例如在泵车、 布料机等中均用到单泵驱动多个执行机构的液压系统。 在现 有技术中, 为了节能, 即保持系统内的流量不发生或少发生溢流现象。 这 些单泵多执行机构的液压系统通常采用负荷敏感技术, 其中最常用的是为 采用变量泵和负荷敏感阔相配合的方式, 这种方式应用日渐广泛。
具体地, 如图 1所示, 该液压系统包括变量泵 1、 负荷敏感阔 6、 溢流 阔 7,以及多个执行机构 2,其中每个执行机构 2通过并联的液压支路与变量 泵 1连通,其中每个液压支路上均设置有串联的节流阔 31和定差减压阔 32, 即形成为对个执行机构 2进行调速的调速阔, 其中, 定差减压阔 32用于保 持节流阔 31 的进口和出口的压差不变, 并通过控制节流阔 31的阔口开度 控制每个液压支路的流量, 以保证多个执行机构 2 的同时工作。 另外, 溢 流阔 7为则保证整体系统的安全, 当系统压力大于溢流阔 7的设定压力时, 多余的流量则通过溢流阔 7流回油箱。
其中为了实现上述的负荷敏感技术, 在相邻的液压支路之间均设置相 互连通的梭阔 41,通过该多个梭阔 41能够选择各执行机构 2的最大负载压 力, 并将该最大负载压力反馈给负荷敏感阔 6。 其中, 负荷敏感阔 6能够将 执行机构 2的最大负荷压力与变量泵 1 出口的压力进行比较, 若该压差超 出负荷敏感阔的设定值, 则表示变量泵 1 的输出流量过大, 此时, 负荷敏
感阔 6能够控制变量泵 1的排量减小, 以使上述压差恢复至设定值。 另外, 当该压差低于负荷敏感阔 6的设定值时, 表示变量泵 1 的输出流量过小, 此时, 负荷敏感阔 6还能够使变量泵 1的排量增大, 而使压差恢复至设定 值。 从而, 使得变量泵 1只需输出多个执行机构 2的所需要的流量即可。 而减少发生系统流量溢流的问题。
然而, 上述负荷敏感技术也存在一定缺陷, 即为了实现负荷敏感阔 6 的工作, 需要在负荷敏感阔 6中设置一个设定压差, 而在上述工作过程中, 即使系统的压差恢复至设定压差, 该设定压差也将不可避免地将为系统带 来一些额外的功率损失。
因此, 提供一种更好地降低系统功率损失的液压系统及其控制方法具 有积极意义。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种液压系统的控制方法, 该控制方法既能够有 效降低系统发生溢流的可能性, 又能有效降低系统的功率损失。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种液压系统, 该液压系统能够既能够有效 减低系统发生溢流的可能性, 又能有效降低系统的功率损失。
本发明的再一目的是提供一种工程机械, 该工程机械使用本发明提供 的液压系统。
为了实现上述目的, 根据本发明的一个方面, 提供一种液压系统的控 制方法, 该液压系统包括变量泵和由该变量泵驱动的多个执行机构, 该多 个执行机构分别通过多个并联设置的液压支路与所述变量泵连通, 在每个 执行机构和所述变量泵之间的所述液压支路上均设置有调整相应的执行机 构流量的流量控制阔, 其中, 所述控制方法包括: 根据每个所述执行机构 的工作速度, 计算该执行机构的需求流量; 调节所述变量泵的排量, 使得 所述变量泵的输出流量等于所述需求流量之和; 并调节每个所述流量控制
优选地, 当所述多个执行机构中仅有一个执行机构工作时, 将对应的 所述流量控制阔的设定流量调节为最大。
优选地, 当至少有两个执行机构同时工作, 并且需要停止部分执行机 构的工作时, 首先关闭相对应的所述流量控制阔, 并调节所述变量泵的排 量, 使得所述变量泵的输出流量等于仍然工作的执行机构的需求流量之和。
优选地, 采用调速阔作为所述流量控制阔, 该调速阔中设计有节流阔 和定差减压阔, 使用该定差减压阔保持所述节流阔进口和出口的第一压差 不变。
优选地, 设置所述设定流量之和为所述输出流量的 105%-115%。
优选地, 所述液压系统还包括压差检测模块, 所述控制方法包括使用 该压差检测模块检测所述多个执行机构中的最高负载压力与所述变量泵出 口压力之间的第二压差, 当该第二压差大于与具有所述最高负载压力的所 述执行机构相对应的所述定差减压阔的设定压力时, 降低所述变量泵的输 出流量, 或增加所述流量控制阔的设定流量, 使所述第二压差小于或等于 该定差减压阔的设定压力。
优选地, 在所述压差检测模块中, 在相邻两个所述液压支路之间设置 梭阔, 并使得所述梭阔相互串联以将多个所述执行机构中的最高负载压力 导入与该梭阔连通的压差开关中, 从而通过所述压差开关得到所述第二压
。
优选地, 在所述液压系统中设置比例阔, 当所述第二压差大于所述比 例阔的设定压力时, 通过该比例阔将所述变量泵输出的油液部分地泄入油 箱, 以使所述第二压差小于或等于所述比例阔的设定压力。
优选地, 所述比例阔中设计有控制腔、 进油口和回油口, 将所述控制 腔一端与所述变量泵的出口压力连通, 另一端与所述压差检测模块连通,
将所述进油口与所述变量泵的出口连通, 并且将所述回油口与油箱连通。 根据本发明的另一方面, 提供一种液压系统, 该液压系统包括变量泵 和由该变量泵驱动的多个执行机构, 该多个执行机构分别通过多个并联设 置的液压支路与所述变量泵连通, 并且在每个执行机构和所述变量泵之间 的所述液压支路上均设置有调整相应的执行机构流量的流量控制阔, 其中, 该液压系统还包括控制器, 该控制器的内设置有根据每个所述执行机构的 工作速度, 计算得到的该执行机构的需求流量, 其中, 该控制器能够: 调 节所述变量泵的排量, 使得所述变量泵的输出流量等于所述需求流量值之 和; 并调节每个所述流量控制阔, 使得所述流量控制阔的设定流量之和等 于或大于所述变量泵的输出流量。
优选地, 所述流量控制阔为调速阔, 该调速阔中包括串联设置的节流 阔和定差减压阔, 该定差减压阔用于保持所述节流阔进口和出口的第一压 优选地, 所述设定流量之和为所述输出流量的 105%-115%。
优选地, 所述液压系统还包括压差检测模块, 该压差检测模块用于检 测所述多个执行机构中的最高负载压力与所述变量泵出口压力之间的第二 压差, 当该第二压差大于与具有所述最高负载压力的所述执行机构相对应 的所述定差减压阔的设定压力时, 所述控制器能够控制降低所述变量泵的 输出流量, 或增加所述流量控制阔的设定流量, 使所述第二压差小于或等 于该定差减压阔的设定压力。
优选地, 所述压差检测模块包括设置在相邻两个所述液压支路之间的 梭阔以及和该梭阔连通的压差开关, 所述梭阔相互串联以将所述多个执行 机构中的最高负载压力导入所述压差开关, 从而通过所述压差开关得到所 述第二压差。
优选地, 所述液压系统还包括具有设定压力的比例阔, 当所述第二压 差大于所述比例阔的设定压力时, 该比例阔将所述变量泵输出的油液部分
地泄入油箱, 以使所述第二压差小于或等于所述比例阔的设定压力。
优选地, 所述比例阔包括控制腔、 进油口和回油口, 所述控制腔一端 连通所述变量泵的出口压力, 另一端与所述压差检测模块连通, 所述进油 口与所述变量泵的出口连通, 所述回油口与油箱连通。
根据本发明的再一方面, 提供一种工程机械, 其中, 所述工程机械包 括本发明提供的液压系统。
通过上述技术方案, 由于本发明提供的液压系统及其控制方法不需在 系统内设置压差, 就能够有效减低系统发生溢流的可能性, 因此能够有效 降低系统的功率损失, 实用性强。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说 明。 附图说明
附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 并且构成说明书的一部分, 与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明, 但并不构成对本发明的限制。 在附图中:
图 1是现有技术中单泵多执行机构的液压系统的原理图;
图 2是本发明第一实施方式提供的单泵多执行机构的液压系统的原理 图;
图 3是本发明第二实施方式提供的单泵多执行机构的液压系统的原理 图;
图 4是本发明第三实施方式提供的单泵多执行机构的液压系统的原理 图。 附图标记说明
1 变量泵 2 执行机构
3 流量控制阔 4 压差检测模块
5 比例阔 6 负荷敏感阔
7 溢流阔
11 排量控制装置 31 节流阔
32 定差减压阔 41 梭阔
42 压差开关 具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是, 此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明, 并不用于限制本发 明。
需要说明的是, 在未做相反说明的情况下, 本发明中使用的术语 "输 出流量"为变量泵 1实时输出的流量值, 而 "最大流量"则是变量泵 1在 满负荷运转时所输出的最大的流量值; 而 "需求流量"则是指工作机构为 了达到特定工作速度所需的流量值。 另外, "设定流量"、 "设定压力"则是 指相应的部件为了实现某目的所设定的目标值。
如图 2至图 4所示, 本发明提供一种液压系统, 该液压系统包括变量 泵 1和由该变量泵 1驱动的多个执行机构 2 (油缸), 该多个执行机构 2分 别通过多个并联设置的液压支路与变量泵 1 连通, 以实现由单泵驱动多执 行机构的目的。 为了保证多个执行机构 2同时工作, 在每个执行机构 2和 变量泵 1之间的液压支路上均设置有调整相应的执行机构 2流量的流量控 制阔 3。其中优选地, 该流量控制阔 3为调速阔, 该调速阔中包括串联设置 的节流阔 31和定差减压阔 32,该定差减压阔 32维持节流阔 31进口和出口 的压差保持不变, 以通过调节节流阀 31的阀口开度实现对各液压支路流量 的调节, 从而保证多个执行机构 2能够得到所需的流量。 另外, 该流量控 制阔 3 也可以为本领域技术人员所想到的其他类型的液压阔, 本发明对此
不做限制。
为了实现本发明的目的, 在本发明提供的液压系统基础上, 本发明的 提供一种控制方法, 该控制方法包括: 首先根据每个执行机构 2 的工作速 度, 计算该执行机构 2的需求流量。 其中每个执行机构 2的工作速度取决 于该执行机构 2 需要进行的工作种类, 而该工作速度则由液压油的流量大 小来实现。 在得到相应执行机构 2的需求流量后, 调节变量泵 1的排量, 使得变量泵 1的输出流量等于需求流量之和; 并调节每个流量控制阔 3, 使 得流量控制阔 3的设定流量之和等于或大于变量泵 1的输出流量。
通过上述两个调节步骤, 首先使得变量泵 1 的输出流量能够全部用于 驱动执行机构 2, 从而有效减低系统发生溢流的可能性, 并且由于流量控制 阔 3的设定流量之和等于或大于变量泵 1的输出流量, 因此同时有效降低 了油液经过流量控制阔的节流或调速后所带来的压力损失, 最重要的是, 本发明提供的液压系统及其控制方法不需在系统内设置一个设定压差, 因 此避免了现有技术中由于系统内必须设定一个设定压差所带来的功率损 失, 因此实用性强。
为了实现上述控制方法, 在所提供的液压系统中设置控制器, 该控制 器可以优选为本领域常见的 PLC控制器, 而流量控制阔为电控阔, 并且设 置调节变量泵 1的排量的排量控制装置 11,该排量控制装置 11可以为本领 域技术人员所公知的能够控制变量泵排量的装置, 例如通过电液比例阔进 行控制, 又或者直接使用电控泵作为变量泵 1, 其中, 控制器内设置有根据 每个执行机构 2的工作速度, 而计算得到的该执行机构 2的需求流量, 其 中该需求流量的计算步骤也可通过控制器本身计算, 操作人员只需输入相 应执行机构的工作速度即可。 控制器通过所得到的执行机构的需求流量之 和能够通过控制排量控制装置 11调节变量泵 1的排量, 并直接控制电控式 的流量控制阔, 例如其中节流阔 31的开口度, 从而实现上述目的。
其中, 在本发明中所提及的 "流量控制阔的设定流量之和等于或大于
变量泵 1 的输出流量" 的概念中, 优选地, 上述设定流量之和为上述输出 流量的 105%-115%。 之所以优选使得设定流量之和略大于输出流量, 是为 了更好地避免输出流量在通过流量控制阔 3 时的功率损耗。 并且略大于输 出流量也能够有效降低由于流量控制阔 3及变量泵 1 的控制精度问题所带 来的误差, 该误差是由于流量控制阔 3、变量泵 1存在磁滞, 或由于温度等 参数变化引起的。 因为一旦出现由于由该控制精度造成误差, 如果只设置 流量控制阔的设定流量之和等于变量泵的输出流量, 会使得经过流量控制 阔 3的控制后的流量小于变量泵 1的输出流量, 则会造成系统溢流。 这对 实现本发明的目的不利。
在上述控制方法的基础上, 根据不同的情况, 根据本发明的构思均能 够产生相应的有益效果。 下面本文将对可能出现的几种情况进行说明。
首先, 在本发明提供有单泵驱动多个执行机构的液压系统中, 当多个 执行机构 2 中仅有一个执行机构工作时, 在本发明的构思下, 需要通过该 一个执行机构 2的工作速度, 计算得到其需求流量, 然后根据该需求流量, 调节变量泵 1 的输出流量等于该需求流量, 并且同时由于只有一个执行机 构工作, 则只需将对应的流量控制阔 3 的设定流量调节为最大即可, 即通 过控制器将该流量控制阔 3 中的节流阔阔口的开度调节为最大。 其中, 如 果流量控制阔 3的最大设定流量大于变量泵 1 的输出流量, 由于此时变量 泵 1 的输出流量只需供给该一个执行机构, 因此此时无需该流量控制阔 3 进行流量控制, 因此既可以防止系统溢流, 由于不会造成功率损耗, 即能 够实现本发明的目的。 而如果出现流量控制阔 3 的最大设定流量小于变量 泵 1 的输出流量, 则通过将该流量控制阔 3的设定流量调节为最大, 能够 最大程度地降低系统溢流, 这同样与本发明的构思相符合。
然后, 在本发明提供有单泵驱动多个执行机构的液压系统中, 当至少 有两个执行机构 2同时工作, 在正常的实际工作状态下, 并且变量泵 1 的 最大流量通常大于同时工作的执行机构 2 的需求流量之和, 根据本发明的
构思, 则通过控制器和排量控制装置调节变量泵 1 的排量, 使得变量泵 1 的输出流量等于同时工作的执行机构 2 的需求流量之和; 并通过控制器调 节对应的每个流量控制阔 3,使得流量控制阔 3的设定流量之和等于或大于 变量泵 1的输出流量即可。
而在非正常状态下, 例如出现执行机构过载等问题时, 即出现变量泵 1 的最大流量小于同时工作的执行机构 2 的需求流量之和的问题时, 虽然无 法设置变量泵的最大流量等于或大于执行机构 2 的需求流量之和, 然而为 了能够最大程度地驱动同时工作的执行机构 2,则通过控制器和调节变量泵 1的排量, 使得变量泵 1输出流量最大即可; 并通过控制器调节对应的每个 流量控制阔 3,使得流量控制阔 3的设定流量之和等于或大于变量泵 1的最 大输出流量。 这样, 在变量泵 1最大程度地驱动同时工作的执行机构 2的 同时, 也能够有效降低输出流量通过流量控制阔 3时的功率损耗。
在上述两种情况的基础上, 如果出现同时工作的执行机构 2 的需求流 量之和大于相对应的流量控制阔 3 的最大设定流量之和的非正常状态, 当 需要变量泵 1输出流量等于同时工作的执行机构 2的需求流量之和时, 会 出现无法调节流量控制阔的设定流量等于或大于变量泵 1 输出的最大流量 的情况, 此时, 为了最大程度地降低输出流量通过流量控制阔 3 时的功率 损耗, 优选地, 首先将流量控制阔 3 的设定流量调节为最大, 并通过控制 器和排量控制装置 11调节变量泵 1的排量, 使得变量泵 1的输出流量等于 或小于流量控制阔 3的设定流量之和, 即使得流量控制阔 3的设定流量之 和等于或大于变量泵 1 的输出流量。 这样可最大程度地降低流量的功率损 耗。
另外, 当需要停止其中部分执行机构 2 的工作时, 则首先通过控制器 关闭与需要停止的这部分执行机构 2相对应的流量控制阔 3,即将其中的节 流阔 31截断。 并通过控制器和排量控制装置 11调节变量泵 1的排量, 使 得变量泵 1 的输出流量等于仍然工作的执行机构 2的需求流量之和, 这样
能够有效降低出现系统溢流的可能性。 同时优选地, 可通过控制器判断仍 然工作的执行机构 2所对应的流量控制阔 3的设定流量之和是否仍与变量 泵 1 的输出流量相同, 如果不同, 只需通过控制器将相应的流量控制阔的 设定流量之和调节为等于或大于变量泵 1 的输出流量即可。 此时, 能够有 效降低输出流量通过相应的流量控制阔的功率损耗。
上面描述了几种经常出现的情况, 在本发明的构思下, 本领域技术人 员在其他未提及的情况下, 所作出的改变均落在本发明的保护范围中。
由于上述控制方法在某些情况下仍然可能出现系统溢流以及流量通过 流量控制阔时的功率损耗问题, 为了将系统溢流的影响降到最低, 需要及 时发现系统流量过大的情况。 因此进一步优选地, 液压系统还包括压差检 测模块 4,本发明提供的控制方法包括使用该压差检测模块 4检测多个执行 机构 2中的最高负载压力与变量泵 1 出口压力之间的第二压差, 此时可将 第二压差导入控制器中, 通过控制器比较该第二压差和具有最高负载压力 的执行机构 2相对应的定差减压阔 32的设定压力, 当该第二压差大于与具 有最高负载压力的执行机构 2相对应的定差减压阔 32的设定压力时, 则表 明出现了系统流量的过大, 而导致泵出口压力上升的问题。 此时, 通过控 制器降低变量泵 1 的输出流量, 或增加流量控制阔 3的设定流量, 使第二 压差小于或等于该与具有最高负载压力的执行机构 2相对应的定差减压阔 32的设定压力。 因此, 能够最大程度地降低系统出现溢流后所带来的问题。
具体地, 为了实现检测第二压差, 在压差检测模块 4 中, 优选在相邻 两个液压支路之间设置梭阔 41,并使得梭阔 41相互串联以将多个执行机构 2中的最高负载压力导入与该梭阔 41连通的压差开关 42中,从而通过压差 开关 42得到第二压差。 然后通过该压差开关将第二压差的信号传递会控制 器, 继而完成后续控制作业。 该第二压差还可通过压差传感器等本领域公 知的装置或方法获得, 本发明对此不做限制。
另外, 而在出现系统流量过大, 需要及时泄出多余的系统流量时, 虽
然系统中设置有作为整个系统的安全阔的溢流阔 7,但是由于其设定压力通 常较大, 如果仅靠其进行系统溢流则会造成不必要的流量功率损耗。 因此 进一步优选地, 在液压系统中还可设置具有设定压力的比例阔 5, 当上述第 二压差大于比例阔 5的设定压力时, 则控制该比例阔 5将流量泵 1输出的 油液部分地泄入油箱, 直到第二压差小于或等于比例阔 5 的设定压力。 因 此, 可及时将系统多余流量泄回油箱, 而无需等待多余系统流量大于溢流 阔 7的设定压力后才开始泄流, 因此通过将比例阔 5的设定压力合理地设 定为低于溢流阔 7 的设定压力, 即可最大程度地降低了系统的功率损耗。 另外, 虽然能够通过比例阔 5 泄出多余流量, 但是在实际中, 需要最大程 度地避免这样的溢流。 因此, 为了保证在通过控制器控制该第二压差等于 或小于定差减压阔 32的设定压力之前, 避免多余流量通过比例阔 5泄出, 优选地, 可合理设置比例阔 5的设定压力应略大于定差减压阔 32的设定压 力。 从而最大程度地降低发生系统溢流的可能。
该比例阔 5的实施方式有多种, 具体地, 该比例阔可以为液控方向阔, 更具体地为液控二位二通阔, 该比例阔设计有控制腔、 进油口和回油口, 将控制腔一端与变量泵 1的出口压力连通, 另一端与压差检测模块 4中的 梭阔 41连通, 将进油口与变量泵的出口连通, 并且将回油口与油箱连通。 该比例阔能够将从梭阔 41导入的最高负载压力与变量泵 1的出口压力之间 的第二压差与其设定压力进行比较, 当第二压差大于设定压力时, 则系统 多余流量通过该比例阔排除, 并且由于是比例控制阔, 因此能够根据该第 二压差的大小及时改变流回油箱的流量。 从而更好地实现本发明的目的。
最后需要说明的是, 在本发明中, 由于各液压支路并联, 变量泵 1 的 出口压力与各流量控制阔 3进口压力相同, 因此, 在得到第二压差的过程 中, 除了检测变量泵 1 的出口压力之外, 还可以检测各流量控制阔 3的进 口压力。 实际上, 由于从变量泵出口到各流量控制阔 3 的进口存在管线以 及其他可能安装的液压元件, 因此, 通过直接检测各流量控制阔 3 的进口
压力, 并将最高负载压力与产生该最高负载压力的执行机构所对应的流量 控制阔 3的进口压力做差所得到的第二压差的精度更高。
综上, 本发明提供的液压系统及其控制方法既能够有效降低系统溢流 的可能性, 还能够有效降低功率损失, 因此, 其本身以及使用该液压系统 的工程机械具有较高的实用性和推广价值。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式, 但是, 本发明并不 限于上述实施方式中的具体细节, 在本发明的技术构思范围内, 可以对本 发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型, 这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范 围。
另外需要说明的是, 在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特 征, 在不矛盾的情况下, 可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合, 为了避免不 必要的重复, 本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外, 本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合, 只要 其不违背本发明的思想, 其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。
Claims
权利要求
1、 一种液压系统的控制方法, 该液压系统包括变量泵 (1 ) 和由该变 量泵 (1 ) 驱动的多个执行机构 (2), 该多个执行机构 (2) 分别通过多个 并联设置的液压支路与所述变量泵 (1 ) 连通, 在每个执行机构 (2) 和所 述变量泵 (1 ) 之间的所述液压支路上均设置有调整相应的执行机构 (2) 流量的流量控制阔 (3 ), 其特征在于, 所述控制方法包括:
根据每个所述执行机构 (2) 的工作速度, 计算该执行机构 (2) 的需 求流量;
调节所述变量泵 (1 ) 的排量, 使得所述变量泵 (1 ) 的输出流量等于 所述需求流量之和;
并调节每个所述流量控制阔 (3), 使得所述流量控制阔 (3) 的设定流 量之和等于或大于所述变量泵 (1 ) 的输出流量。 2、 根据权利要求 1所述的液压系统的控制方法, 其特征在于, 当所述 多个执行机构 (2) 中仅有一个执行机构工作时, 将对应的所述流量控制阔 (3) 的设定流量调节为最大。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的液压系统的控制方法, 其特征在于, 当至少 有两个执行机构 (2) 同时工作, 并且需要停止部分执行机构 (2) 的工作 时, 首先关闭相对应的所述流量控制阔 (3 ), 并调节所述变量泵 (1 ) 的排 量, 使得所述变量泵 (1 ) 的输出流量等于仍然工作的执行机构 (2) 的需 求流量之和。 4、 根据权利要求 1所述的液压系统的控制方法, 其特征在于, 采用调 速阔作为所述流量控制阔 (3 ), 该调速阔中设计有节流阔 (31 ) 和定差减
压阔 (32), 使用该定差减压阔 (32) 保持所述节流阔 (31 ) 进口和出口的 第一压差不变。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的液压系统的控制方法, 其特征在于, 设置所 述设定流量之和为所述输出流量的 105%-115%。
6、 根据权利要求 1-5中任意一项所述的液压系统的控制方法, 其特征 在于, 所述液压系统还包括压差检测模块 (4), 所述控制方法包括使用该 压差检测模块 (4) 检测所述多个执行机构 (2) 中的最高负载压力与所述 变量泵 (1 ) 出口压力之间的第二压差, 当该第二压差大于与具有所述最高 负载压力的所述执行机构 (2) 相对应的所述定差减压阔 (32) 的设定压力 时, 降低所述变量泵 (1 ) 的输出流量, 或增加所述流量控制阔 (3 ) 的设 定流量, 使所述第二压差小于或等于该定差减压阔 (32) 的设定压力。 7、 根据权利要求 6所述的液压系统的控制方法, 其特征在于, 在所述 压差检测模块 (4) 中, 在相邻两个所述液压支路之间设置梭阔 (41 ), 并 使得所述梭阔 (41 ) 相互串联以将多个所述执行机构 (2) 中的最高负载压 力导入与该梭阀 (41 ) 连通的压差开关 (42) 中, 从而通过所述压差开关 (42) 得到所述第二压差。
8、 根据权利要求 6所述的液压系统的控制方法, 其特征在于, 在所述 液压系统中设置比例阔 (5), 当所述第二压差大于所述比例阔 (5) 的设定 压力时, 通过该比例阔 (5 ) 将所述变量泵 (1 ) 输出的油液部分地泄入油 箱, 以使所述第二压差小于或等于所述比例阔 (5) 的设定压力。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的油液系统的控制方法, 其特征在于, 所述比
例阔中设计有控制腔、 进油口和回油口, 将所述控制腔一端与所述变量泵
( 1 ) 的出口压力连通, 另一端与所述压差检测模块 (4) 连通, 将所述进 油口与所述变量泵的出口连通, 并且将所述回油口与油箱连通。 10、 一种液压系统, 该液压系统包括变量泵 (1 ) 和由该变量泵 (1 ) 驱动的多个执行机构 (2), 该多个执行机构 (2) 分别通过多个并联设置的 液压支路与所述变量泵 (1 ) 连通, 并且在每个执行机构 (2) 和所述变量 泵 (1 ) 之间的所述液压支路上均设置有调整相应的执行机构 (2) 流量的 流量控制阔 (3 ), 其特征在于, 该液压系统还包括控制器, 该控制器的内 设置有根据每个所述执行机构(2)的工作速度,计算得到的该执行机构(2) 的需求流量, 其中, 该控制器能够:
调节所述变量泵 (1 ) 的排量, 使得所述变量泵 (1 ) 的输出流量等于 所述需求流量值之和;
并调节每个所述流量控制阔 (3), 使得所述流量控制阔 (3) 的设定流 量之和等于或大于所述变量泵 (1 ) 的输出流量。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的液压系统, 其特征在于, 所述流量控制阔 (3)为调速阔,该调速阔中包括串联设置的节流阔(31 )和定差减压阔(32), 该定差减压阔 (32) 用于保持所述节流阔 (31 ) 进口和出口的第一压差不 变0
12、 根据权利要求 10所述的液压系统, 其特征在于, 所述设定流量之 和为所述输出流量的 105%-115%。 13、根据权利要求 10-12中任意一项所述的液压系统, 其特征在于, 所 述液压系统还包括压差检测模块 (4), 该压差检测模块 (4) 用于检测所述
多个执行机构 (2) 中的最高负载压力与所述变量泵 (1 ) 出口压力之间的 第二压差,当该第二压差大于与具有所述最高负载压力的所述执行机构(2) 相对应的所述定差减压阔 (32) 的设定压力时, 所述控制器能够控制降低 所述变量泵 (1 ) 的输出流量, 或增加所述流量控制阔 (3 ) 的设定流量, 使所述第二压差小于或等于该定差减压阔 (32) 的设定压力。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的液压系统, 其特征在于, 所述压差检测模 块 (4) 包括设置在相邻两个所述液压支路之间的梭阔 (41 ) 以及和该梭阔
(41 ) 连通的压差开关 (42), 所述梭阔 (41 ) 相互串联以将所述多个执行 机构 (2) 中的最高负载压力导入所述压差开关 (42), 从而通过所述压差 开关 (42) 得到所述第二压差。
15、 根据权利要求 13所述的液压系统, 其特征在于, 所述液压系统还 包括具有设定压力的比例阔 (5), 当所述第二压差大于所述比例阔 (5 ) 的 设定压力时, 该比例阔 (5 ) 将所述变量泵 (1 ) 输出的油液部分地泄入油 箱, 以使所述第二压差小于或等于所述比例阔 (5) 的设定压力。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的液压系统, 其特征在于, 所述比例阔 (5) 包括控制腔、 进油口和回油口, 所述控制腔一端连通所述变量泵 (1 ) 的出 口压力, 另一端与所述压差检测模块 (4) 连通, 所述进油口与所述变量泵 的出口连通, 所述回油口与油箱连通。
17、 一种工程机械, 其特征在于, 所述工程机械包括权利要求 10-16 所述的液压系统。
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| GB2533034B (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2020-09-09 | Husco Int Inc | Systems and methods for flow summation in a hydraulic system with open center control valves |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102720710A (zh) | 2012-10-10 |
| CN102720710B (zh) | 2015-09-16 |
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