WO2014000079A1 - Collecteur de chaleur solaire du type à verre isolant et bâtiment utilisant l'énergie solaire pour le chauffage et le refroidissement utilisant celui-ci - Google Patents

Collecteur de chaleur solaire du type à verre isolant et bâtiment utilisant l'énergie solaire pour le chauffage et le refroidissement utilisant celui-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014000079A1
WO2014000079A1 PCT/CA2012/000661 CA2012000661W WO2014000079A1 WO 2014000079 A1 WO2014000079 A1 WO 2014000079A1 CA 2012000661 W CA2012000661 W CA 2012000661W WO 2014000079 A1 WO2014000079 A1 WO 2014000079A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
solar heat
solar
building
wall
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2012/000661
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Huazi Lin
Original Assignee
W&E International (Canada) Corp.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by W&E International (Canada) Corp. filed Critical W&E International (Canada) Corp.
Priority to PCT/CA2012/000661 priority Critical patent/WO2014000079A1/fr
Publication of WO2014000079A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014000079A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/90—Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
    • F24S60/30—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors storing heat in liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/10—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids forming pools or ponds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/61—Passive solar heat collectors, e.g. operated without external energy source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/63—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of windows
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/66—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of facade constructions, e.g. wall constructions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/67—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of roof constructions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/69—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of shingles or tiles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E06B2009/2476—Solar cells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E06B9/26—Lamellar or like blinds, e.g. venetian blinds
    • E06B9/264—Combinations of lamellar blinds with roller shutters, screen windows, windows, or double panes; Lamellar blinds with special devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to solar energy application, i.e. solar heat ised for building.
  • This disclosure especially relates to the use of existing and new released building elements for solar heat collecting and storing.
  • the absorbed solar heat is used not only for building heating but also for building cooling.
  • the new building elements include energy saving coverings for windows and doors; device integrated solar heat collecting with solar heat storing; insulating glass style solar heat collector (IGSHC) etc.
  • any building has many building elements that face the sunlight. There are enough surfaces to absorb solar energy and the absorbed heat is enough for the demand of hot water, space heating and cooling in the building at a sunny day.
  • These building elements include wall, roof, floor, door, window, fence, deck, pillar, veranda, path, driveway, awning, brick, tile, covering of window, covering of door, solar heat collector, swim pool and a combination of them.
  • the materials of the building elements also have large enough heat capacity to store the solar heat absorbed for use. These materials may include brick, stone, sand, soil, cement, metal, alloy, bitumen and reinforced concrete etc.
  • the purpose of this disclosure is to find a simple and cost effective way for using solar heat in a building not only for heating but also for cooling.
  • the first idea is to collect and store the solar heat by building elements) and materials for reducing the extra cost of the solar heat collector and storage equipment.
  • the second idea is to use an existing or new developed solar heat collector and/or storage instrument as building element(s) for reducing the cost of building.
  • the third idea is that the collected solar heat not only can heat the building, but also can cool the building. Furthermore, most of the goals can be achieved by solar heat driven automatic circulating to reduce the consumption of circulating power.
  • the building is any building having an elements that can reach sunlight.
  • the buildings may include commercial buildings, industrial buildings, agriculture buildings, residential buildings, education building and defence buildings etc.
  • an energy saving covering for windows and doors need to be considered.
  • coverings for windows and doors in the markets. Some of them are known as shutters, roller blind, Venetian blind, vertical blind, shade, roman shade and different kinds of curtains such as glass curtain, attached curtain, loose curtain, sheer or net curtain etc.
  • the element of a blind may be vertical, e.g. vertical blind, or horizontal e.g. Venetian blind.
  • the coverings of windows and doors mainly are used to control the amount of entry light to a space for providing decorating and privacy. They are also energy exchange channels between an internal space and outside environment of a space. For a space with a transparent window or door, the regular covering can block the light to the space.
  • the solar heat may still be absorbed and stay within the space. If the space needs cooling, the absorbed solar heat may increase the cooling power.
  • a solar light entered in a space may be reflected by wall, floor or furniture with a light color. If the space needs heating, the reflected light is a loss of heating energy.
  • heat can be transferred between them by radiation.
  • This disclosure is trying to find a simple and cost effective way to save space heating or cooling energy by controlling the solar energy absorbed in a space. It is to provide a covering integrated heat absorbing and light reflecting for windows and doors.
  • the covering has first side able and is for absorbing solar heat and second side able and is for reflecting sunlight. The users can select either side to face the sunshine and control the amount of absorbed energy in the space very easily.
  • the energy saving covering of windows and doors can be controlled automatically based on space light and temperature. Furthermore the energy saving covering also can collect solar heat for use.
  • the disclosed energy saving covering can be used for all kinds of windows and doors of buildings and transportation tools.
  • the buildings include industrial, commercial, agriculture and residential buildings.
  • the transportation tools include air transportation tools, road transportation tools, rail transportation tools and maritime transportation tools, e.g. aircrafts, airplanes, cars, buses, trucks, trains, vehicles, boats and ships etc.
  • Solar heating including solar water and space heating of a building is used widely for industrial, commercial, agricultural and residential purposes. Most of the solar heating systems separate solar heat collecting device and storing device. For example, a swimming pool is a solar heat storage device, but its solar heat collector may be put on the roof of a building. A domestic solar heating system has a separated solar heat collector and a water tank, even though they are located very closely. This arrangement increases the heat loss in two devices and connecting tubes. It also increases the costs of equipment, installation, operation and
  • solar heat collecting device it is possible to integrate solar heat collecting device with solar heat storing device, because of the new technologies and products. For example we may add a solar heat absorb coating at a solar heat storing device e.g. a swimming pool or a water tank. Or we can put a flat solar heat storage tank in a solar heat collector. In either case, the cost of equipments, installation, operation and maintenance will be reduced. The solar heat may be used more popular.
  • renewable energies For the application of renewable energies, we need to add some new equipment. For example, to use the wind energy we need wind turbine, tower and huge space. They need to consume energy first.
  • the renewable energy equipment may also generate new pollution to earth.
  • the existing solar heat collector's insulation and the painting of the frame may be a new pollution source.
  • the existing building uses a lot bricks and concrete. They need huge energy to produce.
  • all the building materials become garbage. All the energy used for manufacture these building materials are wasted.
  • the present disclosure provides a building using solar energy for heating and cooling.
  • Said building comprises a building element absorbing solar heat, a building element storing solar heat, a fluid channel within said building element for a fluid to transfer solar heat and a mechanism leads and controls the flow of said fluid.
  • This disclosure also provides existing and new released building elements employed for building heating and cooling purpose. They are as follows:
  • a liquid heat storage device fluidly connects to the fluid channel in the building element to storage solar heat for hot water and/or space heating.
  • the liquid heat storage device is also for removing the heated liquid from building element and providing the cold liquid to the building element to cool the building.
  • the building further comprises a heat radiator fluidly connected to the fluid channel in the building element to cool the building.
  • An energy saving covering for windows and doors has first side to absorb solar heat and second side to reflect sunlight.
  • a mechanism allows users to use either side of the covering to face the sunshine at any time.
  • the energy saving covering also allows users to control the open or close angle of the covering at any degree.
  • Said covering also can be an automatic controlled energy saving covering based on the sunlight angle and the space condition.
  • This disclosure further provides a heating source by collecting solar heat from energy saving covering.
  • a flat plate solar heat collecting and storage device uses energy saving covering as a solar heat absorber.
  • a device integrated solar heat collecting with storing in one unit is selected from a group of: 1.
  • a heat storage device has a wall having a solar heat absorb coating to collect solar heat. Transparent heat insulation allows the sunlight passing and reduces the heat loss.
  • a fully airtight sealed and water resistant solar heat absorber can be used to make a solar heat collecting and storing device. Said solar heat absorber can also be attached on a wall of solar heat storage device to absorb solar heat.
  • An integrated solar heat collecting and storing device has an energy saving vertical blind style solar heat absorber.
  • the absorber comprises a group of slats having an adjustable orientation.
  • a first side of the slats is for absorbing solar heat and a second side is for reflecting solar heat.
  • a mechanism is used for controlling the orientation of slats. Said absorber can track the sunlight at daytime and reduce the heat loss at nighttime by an automatic controlling system.
  • An insulating glass style solar heat collector has an insulating glass and the like.
  • a solar heat absorber is arranged in hollow space of said insulating glass. The absorber separates said space into first subspace and second subspace.
  • a fluid channel thermally connects with said solar heat absorber for heat transfer and a mechanism for directing and controlling the flow of said fluid.
  • Fig. 1-A is schematic diagram illustrating a window Venetian blind having first side for absorbing solar heat and second side for reflecting sunshine;
  • Fig. 2-A is schematic diagram illustrating a window curtain having first side for absorbing solar heat and second side for reflecting sunshine;
  • Fig. 3-A is schematic diagram illustrating a door vertical blind having first side for absorbing solar heat and second side for reflecting sunshine;
  • Fig.4-A is schematic diagram illustrating a slat of vertical blind having a fluid channel attached to a solar heat absorbing side;
  • Fig. 5-A is schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary solar heat collector using an energy saving vertical blind as its solar heat absorber
  • Fig. 1-B is schematic side view illustrating a liquid heat storage tank having a solar heat collecting wall
  • Fig. 2-B is schematic side view illustrating a flat plate solar heat collector integrated with a heat storage tank
  • Fig.3-B is schematic side view illustrating a liquid pool integrated with a solar heat-collecting wall
  • Fig.4-B is schematic side view illustrating an air inflated PVC liquid container integrated with a heat absorbing wall and bottom;
  • Fig. 5-B is schematic side view illustrating an exemplary solar heat collector using an energy saving vertical blind as its solar heat absorber and integrated with a solar heat storage tank.
  • Fig. 1-C is schematic side view of an exemplary building using solar energy for heating and cooling through air channel within brick holes of the building wall;
  • Fig. 2-C is schematic side view of an exemplary single floor building using solar energy for heating and cooling
  • Fig. 3-C is schematic side view of an exemplary multi-floor building using solar energy for heating and cooling.
  • Fig. 1-D is schematic side view illustrating an insulating glass style solar heat collector and energy saving building element wherein a solar heat absorber arranged in an insulating glass, and said absorber having fluid channels.
  • Fig. 2-D is schematic side view illustrating another insulating glass style solar heat collector which having a solar heat absorber is removable from said insulating glass.
  • Fig. 3-D is a schematic side view illustrating an exemplary building using solar heat collector and building elements for building heating and cooling.
  • FIG.1-A an exemplary Venetian blind 10 is illustrated in schematic side view. From a mechanical point of view, this Venetian blind is no different from the Venetian blinds in the existing market.
  • the blind 10 has a head-rail 101 and a bottom rail 102.
  • a group of horizontal slats 100 are arranged one above another. They are suspended by cords, by which all slats in unison can be rotated through nearly 180 degrees, so that the slats can face the sunshine at either first side or second side.
  • the slats also can be rotated at a preferred angle by controlling the lath tilt control bar 104. Further more, to stretch out and draw back the lift cord 108, the area of the blind can be adjusted.
  • a representative slat 105 has first side 106 and a second side 107.
  • first side 106 able and is for absorbing solar heat
  • second side 107 able and is for reflecting sunlight.
  • the slats 100 are made of aluminum alloy sheets.
  • the first side 106 has a selective coating comprising titanium, nitrogen and oxygen. So it has a beautiful blue color.
  • the second side 107 has no reflective coating, because the polished aluminum alloy surface is good for light reflecting.
  • the space needs heat, to turn the heat absorbing side 106 of the blind to the sunlight, otherwise turn the reflective side 107 to sunlight. If the sunlight shines on the slats at 90 degrees, most of the solar heat entering into the space will be absorbed. If the reflective sides of the slats face the sunshine directly most of the solar heat will be reflected. By setting the angle of the slats, the received solar energy of the space can be controlled.
  • the heat absorbing can be controlled continuously from a maximum amount to a minimum amount.
  • the base material of the covering of windows and doors can be selected from a group of wood, bamboo, metal (aluminium, stainless steel, copper etc), alloy, glass, polymer and plastic etc.
  • Aluminum is a good choice, because it is light, soft (comparing with other metals), and having a high melting temperature. So that aluminum can have many kinds of metal coatings. Wood and bamboo are natural material and
  • a base material itself can absorb solar heat.
  • a dark rubber sheet can absorb solar heat and does not need a coating.
  • the sheet can become an energy saving covering.
  • solar heat absorbing coating materials in market. They may comprise one or more of elements such as carbon black, aluminium, copper, chromium, titanium, nitrogen, and oxygen etc. Some coating can be processed at ambient temperature and others need high temperature and special machines.
  • reflective materials in market.
  • a base material having a light/white color surface can become a reflecting side.
  • a metal surface can become a reflective side.
  • the metals may be copper, aluminium, stainless steel etc.
  • Silver as a reflective material has a very long history and is well known.
  • a special reflective material is the high reflective index glass beads (diameter of about 0.05 mm). This is a directional reflective material and has been used in highway industry widely.
  • the covering of windows and doors are located indoor.
  • Most of the collective coatings have a very thing glass protective layer to protect the metal coating against rust. So there is no need for mort of the energy saving covering to add a protection layer.
  • a transparent protection for the covering may be required. It can be a liquid glass coating or a transparent paint.
  • the window curtain 202 has first side 203 for absorbing solar heat and second side 204 for reflecting sunshine.
  • the material of curtain 202 is a cloth or a drapery.
  • the first side 203 has a solar heat coating.
  • the second side 204 has a reflective coating.
  • the coatings can be sprayed or painted to the surface of the cloth.
  • Either solar heat absorbing coating or reflective coating can be purchased in the market today. They are in many different ways, such as paint, print oil, film etc. We may also purchase a reflective cloth and make a coating on its opposite side.
  • the reflective cloth is available in the market. It usually is used by the highway industry.
  • Fig.2- A also shows a U shaped supporting accessory 201.
  • the curtain 202 is suspended on 201.
  • the curtain absorbs solar heat.
  • the curtain reflects sunshine.
  • the solar heat absorbed by a space can be controlled.
  • Curtains usually mean the soft covering for windows and doors. They are mainly used for decoration and for controlling light in a space. They are also important for the windows of the transportation tools, because they are safe in a moving transport.
  • a soft attach accessory may also be require. It may be made of rubber or silicon gel.
  • a set of section cups can support a detachable curtain on a car window.
  • FIG. 3-A an exemplarily vertical blind 30 for a door is illustrated in a schematic side view.
  • a group of vertical slats (the number is 8 in this case) 300 are arranged one next to another.
  • a head-rail 301 guides the slat's movement. All the slats are overhung under the head-rail 301.
  • the vertical blind 30 has a similar working idea of the Venetian blind.
  • the slats of the blind can be rotated through 180 degrees by stretching out and drawing back a rotating angle control cord 304. Through lift cord 309, the blind also can open or close for a preferred area.
  • a slat 305 at right side shows the blind has a first side 306 with a selective coating comprising aluminum or copper.
  • the second side 307 has a reflective coating.
  • it is a reflective paint.
  • a paint or ink or panting oil also has a function to protect the metal surface against rust. In a warm and humid region, it is necessary to protect the base material. It can be a coating of transparent paint or liquid glass. It is valuable to have a high efficient coating on the second side of the energy saving covering, if the temperature difference is large between the indoor space and the outdoor environment.
  • the reflecting side not only works at daytime, but also at nighttime. In the winter, when the indoor temperature is higher than the outdoors, the reflecting side reduces radiation heat transferred from internal space to the outdoor
  • an automatic control system 309 for the blind 30 is further comprised.
  • the control system is based on the data of space temperature and/or light strength to control the open/close area and rotation angle of the slats.
  • the basic elements of the control system comprise a data sensor, a micro motor for ruling the cords, a programmable unit to control the processing.
  • the control system 309 can be installed and hidden in head rail 301 too. Of course both manual and automatic operations for blind 30 are available at any time.
  • Slat 403 is one of the group slats of a vertical blind.
  • the base material of slat 403 is copper.
  • the first side 401 has a coating comprises aluminum for absorbing solar heat.
  • a fluid tube, here is a heat tube 404, which is attached on the first side 401 to transfer the absorbed solar heat to its head-rail 406.
  • the fluid tube can also be arranged in the slat.
  • the head 405 of the heat tube 404 extends into the heat-insulated head-rail 406.
  • the insulator is 407.
  • a fluid here is air
  • the heat tube 404 is also used to hold the slat 403.
  • the second side 402 is for reflecting the sunshine.
  • Many coatings may be used for 402.
  • the reflective coating comprises a high reflective index glass beads (diameter of about 0.05 mm). This is a directional reflective material. This kind of material has been used in highway for indication and warning.
  • An alternative way is to put a liquid tube in the head-rail (not shown in the Fig.4-A). The head of the heat tube is extended into the liquid tube for collecting and transferring the absorbed heat.
  • an exemplary solar heat collector 50 is illustrated in a schematic side view.
  • Said solar heat collector uses an energy saving vertical blind as its solar heat absorber.
  • the solar heat collecting device 50 has a transparent cover 503 that allows solar energy to pass through but reduce heat losses.
  • cover 503 is glass. It can also be other materials like transparent plastic or polymer.
  • the transparent cover may have two or more layers. It also r may be an evacuated glass or a insulating glass in a cool area.
  • the key element of this disclosure is an energy saving vertical blind style solar heat absorber 501. It is not a simple flat plate absorber as in a regular flat plant solar heat collector.
  • Slats 501 1-5014 are part examples of the slats.
  • the second side of the slates has a reflective coat or a polished metal surface.
  • a fluid tube, here is heat tube 51 1 having its one end attached at the heat-absorbing slat 501 1 and an opposite end extended into a heat converging fluid tube 504 to transfer the heat.
  • Other heat tubes have similar arrangement.
  • An end of the heat converging tube 504 is 509.
  • the solar heat absorber 501 has a similar working idea of the vertical energy saving blind in Fig.4-A.
  • the slats can be rotated through 180 degrees by stretching out and drawing back a rotating angle control cord (not shown in Fig. 5- A).
  • a mechanism for controlling the orientation of the slats is hidden in the head-rail 506.
  • An automatic controlling system similar to 309 in Fig.3-A can be connected to the control cord, (did not shown in Fig.5-A).
  • the automatic controlling system comprises a micro motor, a hardware and software to control the orientation of the slats based on sunlight incident angle or data of location, date and timing.
  • both manual and automation operation for slats 501 are available at any time.
  • the absorber 501 is a group of slats and their orientation is adjustable and controllable.
  • the control system lets the slats to face sunlight at an optimum angle at any time. It will significantly increase the heat collection efficiency of the system.
  • a solar heat storage tank such as a flat box between the solar heat absorber 501 and heat insulation backing 505.
  • the flat box is made of a metal or a heat insulation material.
  • a heat storage material can be stored in the box.
  • the heat storage material can be solid, liquid, gas or their combination.
  • the collected solar heat can be transferred from the slats to the heat storage tank and stored in the tank for use.
  • the reflecting second side helps to keep the heat in the tank.
  • the solar heat collector 50 becomes a solar heat collecting and storing integrated device.
  • This device may become a part of a building element.
  • the building element includes building wall, roof, door or window etc.
  • this disclosed solar heat collector uses an energy saving vertical blind as its solar heat absorber.
  • any energy saving covering such as a Venetian blind, a shutter or a curtain can also be used in a solar heat collector as solar heat absorber.
  • the vertical blind style solar heat absorber is the first choice, because the rotated orientation of the slats can follow the sunlight. All discussions and limitations to the energy saving covering in this disclosure can be applied to the disclosed solar heating system. Referring to Fig.
  • a liquid heat storage device having a solar heat-collecting wall is illustrated in side view.
  • the device 10 comprises a water tank 1 10 having a stainless steel wall.
  • the selective coating comprises metal element e.g. titanium.
  • the tank can be a pressured tank or a tank open to atmosphere.
  • the device may have an automation controlling system like many solar heating systems did.
  • the tank 110 looks like the regular tank on the market. There are two differences. First, the insulation and protection covering is made of a transparent material. Second, the wall of the tank absorbs solar heat directly. Sometimes for a transportation cost reason, the transparent insulation and protection 120 can be detachable and is formed by two or more parts. A two layer air inflated PVC insulation and protection is cost efficient, easy for transportation and easy for replacement. This kind of full transparent cover lets the sunlight going through onto east side at morning, west side at afternoon and front at noontime. So the efficiency is high for all day.
  • the transparent insulation may be a half cylinder evacuated glass.
  • the transparent insulation and protection can be a transparent coating of glass, liquid glass, paint, ink oil, film, plastic or polymer. It also can be a PVC or a similar material's foil.
  • a flat plate solar heat collector integrated with a flat plate heat storage tank is illustrated in side view. Comparing with the flat plat solar heat collector in the present market, the device 20 has many similar parts as follows:
  • a solar heat absorber 201 with a solar heat absorbing coating 202 is a selective coating comprising metal elements.
  • a transparent glass cover 203 allows sunlight to arrive on the heat absorb coating 202 and reduce heat loss.
  • a fluid tube 204 is for transferring heat. It can be a simple tube to pass the heated liquid in the tank 208, a heat exchange tube such as U shaped tube and a metal tube with fins, or a heat tube.
  • the solar heat absorbing plate 201 in Fig. 2 is not a single plate. It is a front/surface wall 201 of a flat solar heat storage tank 208.
  • a flat heat storage tank 208 with a solar heat absorbing wall 201 in the device 20 replaces the flat plate solar heat absorber in a regular flat plate solar heat collector.
  • the tank 208 further comprises other sidewall 205 and bottom wall.
  • the tank 208 is made of aluminum alloy.
  • the device including tank can made of other metal, alloy, ceramic, plastic, polymer, wood, stone, porcelain, glass, concrete and a combination of two or more above-mentioned materials.
  • the tube 204 is a heat exchange tube such as a single copper tube, a U shaped tube or a metal tube with fins that arranged within heat storage material 207 to transfer the heat by fluid.
  • water can be used as the heat storage material.
  • an inlet at lower place and an outlet at higher place of the tank can replace the heat exchange tube to transfer the heat for use.
  • An inlet fitting and an outlet fitting are arranged on the wall of the tank. They can be used either for heat exchanger or for water flow directly. Now we can make arrangement to let water pass through the tube 204 to get solar heated hot water. We can also let air pass through the tube 204 to get solar heated air for space heating. Further more an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged at the wall of the device 20 respectively (not show in the Figure). When the cool air passes through the upper surface 201 or a channel arranged in tank 208, the air will be warmed. The warmed air can be used for space heating or industry processing.
  • the device 20 can generate the solar heated hot water and/or warm air at the same time. So that it is a multifunction solar heat device. To let the device works properly and automatically, the device may have an automatic controlling system like many solar heating systems did. Following are the advantages of sand as a heat storage material:
  • Sand is a cost efficient material. 2. Sand is easy to get in many places. It reduces the transportation cost.
  • Sand has no rust risk to aluminum plate. 4. Sand has no freezing risk in winter.
  • the heat in sand 207 can be transferred to the fluid in the tube 204 quickly.
  • the containing load of the heat storage tank varies based on the system design. If the system has a liquid pump to pump the liquid frequently, the load may be smaller. Otherwise the containing load needs to be larger.
  • a heat conducting material a heat tube or a fluid tube may be installed in the heat storage material to speed up heat transferring.
  • FIG.2-B an alternative arrangement for liquid tube 204 is provided in 21.
  • the single fluid tube 204 in 20 is replaced by a ⁇ " shaped tube group.
  • the tube group has four ports 214, 219, 224, and 229 distributed on the walls of the tank. There are two spare bolts for closing two ports that are not in use. This arrangement not only make the heat transferring from sand 207 to tube 204 easier, but also more flexible for field installation.
  • the heat storage material is a solid material, so there is no risk of liquid freezing in winter if there is no liquid in the tube 204.
  • the tank 208 can be filled with heat storage liquid, e.g. water, and there is no need of the tube 204.
  • heat storage liquid e.g. water
  • a stainless liquid reservoir 30 is illustrated in a schematic side view.
  • the reservoir may be a swimming pool or other processing pool.
  • the liquid reservoir 30 has a sidewall 301, bottom wall 302 and a open top.
  • the reservoir may be under ground or above ground.
  • Stainless steel sheets form the sidewall 301 and bottom wall 302.
  • An enlarged side view of the sheet is shown in 31.
  • 314 is stainless steel sheet.
  • 313 is a selective coating comprising titanium. We select titanium because its coating color is blue. Comparing to a dark color of other metal coatings (e.g. chromium and aluminum), blue is better for swimming pool.
  • the metal coating has a glass protection layer. It is 302.
  • Out of 302 is a transparent paint 301 added after field construction.
  • a full airtight sealed and water resistant concrete brick can be a mosaic of the pool walls.
  • 315 is a existing concrete wall
  • 314 is a concrete brick or tile
  • 313 is a heat collecting coating
  • 312 is a protection in manufacture
  • 31 1 is a food class paint after field construction.
  • the full airtight sealed and water resistant solar heat absorber can be used in many building places as a part of element too. The absorber can made of many materials.
  • they may be a metal sheet, a brick, a glass, a tile, a floor tile, a gypsum tile, a ceramic tile a stone, a concrete, a reinforced concrete, a plastic, a polymer, a porcelain, and a combination of above one or more mentioned materials.
  • transparent sheets like the sheet of glass, transparent plastic and polymer
  • One side of the transparent sheet has a solar heat absorbing coating.
  • the opposite side of the transparent sheet can become submerged within water. This idea can be used for all liquid containers that need solar heat. For safety reason, the glass used in this case needs special processing. Or the solar heat absorbing coating may be laminated between two layers of grass.
  • Fig.3-B 32 is a schematic side view illustrating an air inflated transparent plastic cover.
  • the cover is made of a food class plastic film for food wrap.
  • 321 is top layer.
  • 322 is bottom layer.
  • 323 is an air injection mouth.
  • the bottom layer is floated on the liquid surface to reduce heat loss through liquid vapor.
  • the air gap between 321 and 322 is for reducing heat loss through heat conduction.
  • the cover 32 may be one entire cover for a reservoir. When the liquid reservoir is large, the transparent cover 30 may consist of a group of covers. 323 is for air injecting and releasing. A cord to string the sub-covers may be necessary.
  • the sidewall 301 and bottom wall 302 absorb the solar heat and transfer the heat to the liquid within the reservoir 30.
  • the heat insulation 303 reduces heat loss through sidewalls and bottom wall.
  • the bottom layer of cover 31 is floated on the liquid surface to reduce heat loss through liquid vapor.
  • the air gap between 321 and 322 reduces heat loss through heat conduction to atmosphere. So the solar heat liquid reservoir has a high heat collecting and storing efficiency.
  • FIG.4-B is schematic side view illustrating an air inflated PVC liquid container 40 integrated with a heat absorbing wall 401 and a bottom 403.
  • This PVC liquid has a similar mechanical structure as the PVC swim pool in market.
  • the wall 402 and 403 are made of transparent material e.g. transparent PVC.
  • the inner wall 401 and bottom wall 403 has a solar heat absorbing coating.
  • a solar heat absorbing coating is black rubber coating.
  • the coating may other color coatings. They are located at the outside side or covered by a food class PVC. So the coating does not contact the liquid in container directly.
  • the container has a removable transparent air inflated cover 41.
  • the cover 41 has a top layer 41 1 and bottom layer 412 and a air injection mouth 413. The function of the cover has been described in details in Fig.4-B.
  • the cover 41 may be one layer PVC. Its heat insulation efficiency is not as good as a cover of two layers.
  • a top layer 421 over the insulation 422 of the heat insulation pad has a solar heat absorbing coating.
  • it is a titanium coating on a aluminum foil.
  • 422 is regular foam plastic.
  • the bottom 403 is a single layer transparent PVC. The reason for this arrangement is as following: 1. Most of the coatings on PVC are in dark color. Our pad is in blue and has a better color. 2. This arrangement reduced the unit weight of the container 40.
  • the material of the container 40 is not only PVC. Any other transparent polymer materials can be used too, if they are safe. We can add some accessories to the container such as a solid cover, an inlet and a outlet, connection tubes etc.
  • the container will not only can be used as a PVC swimming pool, it also is a simple solar heat collecting and storing device. The device is cost efficient and easy to move, install and use.
  • FIG. 5-B an exemplary solar heat collecting and storing device 50 is illustrated in schematic side view. Said device uses an energy saving vertical blind as its solar heat absorber.
  • the solar heat collecting and storing device 50 has a transparent cover 503 that allows solar energy to pass through but reduce heat losses.
  • cover 503 is glass. It can also be other materials like transparent plastic or polymer.
  • the transparent cover may have two or more layers or may be an evacuated glass in a cool area.
  • the first key element of this disclosure is an energy saving vertical blind style solar heat absorber 501.
  • 501 is not a simple flat plate absorber. It is a group of vertical slats arranged one next to another under the transparent cover. Slats 5011-5015 are part examples of the slats.
  • the first side of the slats has a solar heat absorbing coating 502. It is a coating same as a flat plate solar heat collector available in the market such as a coating comprising titanium.
  • the second side of the slates has a reflective coat or a polished metal surface.
  • a heat tube 511 having its one end attached at the heat-absorbing slat 501 1 and an opposite end extended into a head rail 506. Here the heat tube will transfer collected heat to the heat storage material 507. In head rail 506 there is also heat converging tube 506 to transfer the heat for use.
  • Other heat tubes have similar
  • An end of the heat converging tube 504 is 509.
  • the head rail 506 holds the slats and guides their movement. All the slats are overhung under the head-rail 506.
  • the solar heat absorber 501 has a similar working idea of an energy saving vertical blind.
  • the slats 5011-5015 of the blind can be rotated through 180 degrees by stretching out and drawing back a rotating angle control cord 520.
  • the first side of the slats has a solar heat absorbing coating 502. It is a coating same as a flat plate solar heat collector available in the market.
  • the second side of the slates has a reflective coating.
  • a mechanism for controlling the orientation of the slats is hidden in the head-rail 506.
  • An automatic controlling system 519 can be connected to the control cord 520.
  • the controlling system 519 comprises a micro motor, a hardware and a software to control the orientation of the slats based on sunlight incident angle or location, date and timing of the device. Of course both manual and automation operation for slats 501 are available at any time.
  • the second key element of this disclosure in Fig. 5-B is a heat storage container 508, where a heat storage material 507 is stored. Here it is a flat aluminum box 508 filled with sand 507.
  • the heat storage material can be a solid material, a liquid material, air, a phase change material or the combination of above mentioned two or more materials. Because the sand is easy to get in many places and can be installed in the field, so it may not need transportation. Further more many solid heat storage materials (like sand) have no freezing risk in the winter.
  • the absorber 501 is a group of slats and their orientation is adjustable and controllable.
  • the control system lets the slats face sunlight at an optimum angle at any time. It will significantly increase the heat collection efficiency of the system.
  • the idea to rotate slats instead to rotate entire devices is an idea that can be used for PV panels and other sunlight collecting and reflective equipments.
  • Either a solar heat collector or a solar heat storage tank can be reconstructed to a solar heat device integrated solar heat collecting with solar heat storing.
  • Fig. 1 -B and Fig. 2-B we disclosed a cylinder device and a flat plate solar heat collecting and storing devices. This makes it easy to use existing machine tools and skilled workers. In fact any shapes can be used for the new devices. For example a cone shaped heat collector may be better than a cylinder shaped collector in the future.
  • the integrated solar heat collecting and storing device uses single heat insulation for both solar heat collector and heat storage tank. It not only saves the material, but also reduces heat loss.
  • walls of the device are sidewalls, top walls, inner wall and outside wall. In fact any wall can reach sunlight, it can become a wall to collect solar heat.
  • the disclosed integrated device may become a part of a building element.
  • the building element includes building wall, roof, door or window etc.
  • FIG. 1-C it is a schematic side view of an exemplary building 10 using solar energy for heating and cooling through air channel within brick holes of the building wall.
  • the building 10 has a sunny wall 101 and opposite wall 102.
  • Perforated bricks in dark color e.g. red or gray
  • the bricks are regular bricks or bricks with a solar heat coating.
  • Some holes in bricks are connected in series to form an air channel 103 in the wall.
  • Air gaps 104, 105 on the sunny wall connect the channel 103 with the building space 1 10.
  • Air gap 106 connects the air channel 103 with atmosphere outside of the building.
  • the gap 106 is located at the highest level.
  • the gap 104 is at the lowest place and the gap 105 is in between.
  • a air gap 107 is at a lower place of the opposite wall and connects the building space 1 10 with the atmosphere outside of building.
  • FIG. 1 in Fig. 1-C. It is a copy of building 10, except a switch door blocks the gap 106.
  • heated air in channel 103 rises up and enters into higher space of the building through gap 105. Cooler air in a lower space of the building enters into the channel 103 through gap 104.
  • the space 1 10 including wall 102 will be heated. This is a case using solar energy to heat a building space.
  • air pressure in space 1 10 is positive.
  • the gap 107 helps air pressure balance in the space 1 10.
  • FIG.1-C It is a copy of building 10, except the gap 106 is opened and the gap 107 is connected to a tube having a part under ground or water, (not shown in Fig.1)
  • heated air in the channel 103 rises up and goes to outside of the building through the highest gap 106.
  • the complement air from the space 1 10 gets into channel 103 through gaps 104 and 105. It causes cooler air comes to the space 1 10 through gap 107. Because the air through gap 107 is from a shadow of the building or it may further go through a tube under ground or water, so the temperature of the air is lower. The air will cool the building space 1 10.
  • the building walls are not necessary to be built by bricks. Soil, cement, glass, metal or other materials can be used to build the walls if channel and gaps can be arranged in the walls.
  • the building wall can be built by using solar energy heating devices disclosed in this application such as device integrated solar heat collecting with solar heat storing and recyclable solar heat collector and building element.
  • the bricks in Fig. 1. are replaced by solar energy heating devices.
  • the holes of bricks are replaced by the channels or the spaces in the devices. They are 408 in Fig.4-A, 504 and 509 in Fig. 5-A, 206 in Fig.2-B, 106 in Fig. 1-D and 206 in Fig. 2D.
  • These channels and following spaces can be connected to form channel like 103 in Fig. 1-C. Said spaces are the spaces 1071 or 1072 in Fig. 1-D and the space between 203 and 202 in Fig. 2-B.
  • the new channel 103 can be used to flow solar heated air.
  • Fig. 2-C is schematic side view of an exemplary single floor building 20 using solar energy for heating and cooling.
  • the building 20 may be a single layer building, a trailer or a top floor of a multi-floor building.
  • the building has a sunny wall 201 , an opposite wall 203 and a sunny roof 202.
  • a wall 205 separates the building 20 into two spaces 206 and 207.
  • First layers of the walls 201 and 203 are two transparent coverings.
  • Second layers 221 and 222 are solar heat absorbing plates.
  • 241 and 242 are heat insulations.
  • the building materials may be sand, stone, bricks, cement etc. In this case, they are simply bricks or cement.
  • the bricks of the walls and the tank 215 form a heat storage bank of the building.
  • the solar heat absorb plates 221 or 222 is a metal plate with a solar heat absorbing coating.
  • the wall 203 has a surface plate, heat insulation 243 and building materials in between of 203 and 243. It has floor surface 244 and building materials 234 (such as sand, stone, glass, brick, soil, cement, reinforced cement, metal, alloy, bitumen, wood, plastic and a combination of two or more above-mentioned materials ) under the floor surface.
  • the bottom floor 204 is not heat insulated, so that the heat stored in the floor 234 can be transferred to the spaces 206 and 207.
  • liquid tubes e.g. metal or cement tubes, 21 1, 212, 213 and 214 filled with liquid.
  • the liquid may be water or antifreeze. Here it is water.
  • the tubes also can be hollow pillars.
  • the water tubes 212 and 213 have one end connect to a heat driven liquid self-circulating device 215 respectively.
  • the walls 201 and 202 can be fully or partially replaced by the new released solar heat collectors introduced in this application.
  • the operation processing will be similar.
  • Some examples of the collectors are shown in Fig. 5A, Fig. 2B, Fig. 5B and Fig. 1-D. Fig. 2D. They also have transparent layer, heat absorber layer, heat insulation and fluid channel.
  • the heat bank of the building is formed by tank 215, walls 201, 202, 203 and 204 and the connecting liquid tubes 21 1, 212, 213, 214, and 215.
  • the heat absorbed by 222 is stored in the material 232.
  • the heat in the storage material will heat the water for use.
  • tubes 211 , 212, 213 and 214 are filled with water and the valve 216 and 217 are turned on, the solar heat absorbed by wall 201 heats the water in the tube 21 1.
  • the heated water rises up to tube 212 and is further heated by heat absorb plate 222.
  • the further heated water flows though the heat driven self- circulating device 215 and is circulated in a close loop system formed by tubes 211 , 212, 213, and 214.
  • the solar heat is transferred to the building materials and heat storage materials 231, 232, 233 and 234 in the walls 201, 202, 203 and the floor 204.
  • the heat received by floor 204 is also transferred to the spaces 206 and 207 to heat building.
  • the water temperature in the tube network 21 1, 212, 213 and 214 can be controlled, so that the space temperature can be controlled.
  • tubes 21 1, 212, 213, 214 and the heat driven self-circulating device 215 are filled with water and the valve 216 is turned on, but valve 217 is turned off, the solar heated water in tube 211 will rise up and is further heated in the tube 212, then flows into heat driven self-circulating device 215.
  • the device 215 is a double layer wall water tank.
  • the cold water in the tank 215 will take off the solar heat in the water from the tube 212.
  • the cooled water from 215 will return to tube 212 and then the tube 21 1 to cool the wall 201. Therefore the building 20 is cooled.
  • the heated water in device 215 can be used as hot water and/or for space heating. Similar in case 3, to control the water capacitance and temperature in the device 205 also can heat or cool the building wall. So that control the temperature of the building is controlled.
  • the above-mentioned heat driven self-circulating device may include a double layer wall liquid tank, a liquid tank with a heat exchanger or a self-powered pump etc. These devices have been disclosed in our prior patents and pending patents. Some time the heat driven self-circulating device can have a detachable insulation and an open top cover. When the temperature of water in the device 215 is too high, the device 215 can take off the insulation and become a heat radiator. Further more we may also open the top cover to cool the water in the device further by vapor.
  • the pillars need to be insulated. If the fluid is water, we can get the hot water from the pillars directly. If the fluid is air, the heated air from a valve can heat a space.
  • the wall 201 and roof 202 can be replaced by a set of plate solar heat collector filled with solar heat storage material. This kind of solar heat collector has also been disclosed in our prior pending patent.
  • the wall 201 and roof 202 can also be replaced by the three solar heating devices. They are the solar heat collector integrated heat collecting with storing, the recyclable solar heat collector and building element as well as energy saving covering for buildings. Every device of the three devices has a fluid channel. To connect these channels can form the channels 21 1, 212 and 213. So there is no material difference between the case discussed in Fig.2 and the cases using the new solar heating devices. In a cold area (high latitude area), some time we also add a solar heat absorb plate in the wall 203. Because snow reflected sunlight can heat a shadow wall. Especially when the building uses any energy saving device of the three solar heating devices, the wall 203 should be considered. The devices can save the energy for space heating in the winter.
  • Fig.3-C is a schematic side view of an exemplary multi-floor building using solar energy for heating and cooling.
  • the building 30 has a space 31 under roof, second floor space 32 and first floor space 33 and basement space 34. It has a sunny wall 301, an opposite wall 302, roof 303, basement wall 304 under ground and a top wall 306.
  • a part of the roof 303 is 3031.
  • It is a solar heat collector or a set of fully sealed solar heat absorbing tiles.
  • Sunny wall 301 can absorb solar heat.
  • It is a red color cement wall with a transparent plastic coating.
  • water tubes 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321 and 322 are arranged. They connected each other and connected to a heat driven self-circulating device 330 as shown in Fig.3-C.
  • the tubes are made of metal or cement.
  • control valves 351, 352, 353, 354, 355, 356 and 357 are arranged for controlling the liquid flow in the tubes.
  • the valves can be controlled manually and automatically. By controlling these valves, the water system can operate in different conditions for water heating, space heating or space cooling.
  • the automatic control system set up the operation conditions of the valves based on preinstalled control program and data collected by sensors.
  • the liquid system mainly is driven by solar heat. If it is necessary, the control system will also put electric powered pump in operation.
  • the building also has an air condition system. The air condition system cools and heats the building using solar heat firstly and other energy sources secondly.
  • the other energy sources include electricity, gas, oil, coal etc.
  • the air condition system is not shown in Fig. 3-C.
  • a heat driven self-circulating device 330 on the top wall 306 and under the roof 303. It is a double layer wall water tank or a liquid tank with a heat exchanger.
  • the tank has a cold water inlet, a hot water outlet, a release valve, a drain valve and one or two electric heater(s). They are regular configurations, so above-mentioned parts of the tank are not shown in Fig. 3-C.
  • the tank can be a device for power system demand management purpose.
  • the tank can heat the water at low power demand period and use the heat at high power demand period. It can help to reduce the electric power generation capacity for power system and reduce the cost for client.
  • the heat bank of the building is formed by the walls (301, 302 and 304), the tanks (330and 360) and the liquid tubes.
  • the water tank 330 has ports 3301 and 3302 in the outer layer wall. They connect to solar heat collector 3031 through connecting tubes.
  • a port 3033 connects to an end of tube 318.
  • a port 3304 connects to an end of tube 317.
  • the tank 330 further includes a detachable insulation (not shown in Fig.3-C). There is also a spare bolt for closing a breathing port 3305 of the tank 330.
  • the tank 330 is a heat storage tank when heat insulation is on the tank.
  • the tank can also be a heat radiator when the insulation is detached. In our case the solar heat collector 3031 and heat storage tank 330 are separated.
  • the wall 301 not only is a solar heat collector, but also a heat storage device. They are integrated in one unit.
  • a water reservoir 360 e.g. a swimming pool.
  • An airtight container 361 is located in the pool.
  • a higher port connects to tube 312 through a connecting tube 322.
  • a lower port connects to an end of tube 321 through a connecting tube 323.
  • the airtight container 360 is a heat radiator.
  • the pool 360 and the airtight container are required, because following reasons:
  • the building 30 has no basement or the basement wall cannot be used to store or radiate solar heat.
  • the swimming pool needs solar heat collected by building elements to heat the water.
  • the building needs the water in the pool to cool the walls.
  • This swimming pool is a solar heat collector integrated with heat storage.
  • the bottom wall and sidewall of the pool have solar heat absorbing coating for absorbing solar heat in the pool to warm water directly.
  • a transparent cover insulates the heat loss, if it is necessary.
  • the solar heat absorb coating can be on one side of a transparent glass. The opposite side of the glass can become submerged in the water. Or the coating is on the side that faces sunlight and can flood in the water. Some time, to protect the coating, a top extra transparent coating may require.
  • the absorber material can be metal, ceramic, cement or stone etc.
  • the swimming pool may also include a heat pump (not shown in the Figure).
  • the heat pump can extract heat from the solar heated water in the swimming pool to heat air and water for the building.
  • the heat pump also can become air conditioning to remove heat from the building and rejecting it to the swimming pool. Comparing to use the heat in ground and ground water, it is more environmental friendly and cost effective to use the heat in a solar heated swimming pool.
  • the pool 360 can also become a heat source to heat the building. If the walls of the pool 360 have a solar heat absorbing coating and the pool has a transparent covering, then water temperature in the pool 360 may higher than the temperature of the wall 301. Then the warmer water in 361 will rise up automatically to heat the wall 301. In this case the pool 360 is the solar heat collector integrated solar collecting and storing as disclosed in Fig. 3-B.
  • the solar heats collected by both wall 301 and roof 3031 are for heating hot water in tank 330.
  • the solar heat absorbed by wall 301 is transferred to tank 330. So that the wall and building is cooled.
  • the solar heat collected by the wall 301 generates a heat driven power to circulate the heated water in a close-loop 312-31 1-318-317-316-315-314-319-313-312. So that the collected solar heat can be transferred and stored in the walls 301, 306, 302 and 304. It also can be transferred to earth through wall 304. At nighttime and cold weather the heat stored in the basement wall 304 and earth can heat the water in the tube 313, 319 and 314 to warm the building. 5. If the building 30 has no basement or the basement wall has no tubes, we need to use outside under ground/water airtight container to cool the building.
  • the pump circulates the heated water in the tubes 31 1 and 312 through a loop 312-31 1 -318-317-316-315-321 -323-361 -322-312.
  • the heat radiator 361 transfers the solar heat to water in the pool 360 to warm the swimming pool and cool the building.
  • the absorbed solar heat by building elements like wall and roof not only can heat water and space, but also can cool the building.
  • the heated liquid circulation not only can rely on an electric power pump, but also can rely on the solar heat energy itself.
  • the valve/pump numbers and locations can get many more operation cases and achieve more purposes. If we add some sensors and an automation controlling system to operate the system based on a computer program, the solar energy application will have a higher efficiency.
  • the solar heating and energy saving devices disclosed in this application can be used in building 30-C. For example, all the walls can be replaced by the solar heat collector integrated heat collecting and storing and/or the recyclable solar heat collecting device and building element partially or entirely.
  • Fig. 5- A, 2-B, 5-B and 1 -D Some samples of these devices are showed in Fig. 5- A, 2-B, 5-B and 1 -D.
  • the roof 303 and the solar heat collector 3031 in Fig. 3-C can be replaced by the recyclable solar heat collecting device.
  • One of the examples is shown in Fig. 1-D.
  • the energy saving roof not only can generate hot water, but also can heat air for space heating directly. Of cause the energy saving covering can also be used in the building for heating or cooling the building.
  • all above mentioned solar heat and energy saving devices have the fluid channels, so the operation of the building 30 has no material difference comparing to the operation discussed above for building 30.
  • the example of Fig. 3-C takes an entire building as one unit to be heated and cooled by solar energy. In fact we can separate the entire building into several floor or room units to heat and cool.
  • the control systems will be much simpler.
  • the building elements for collecting and storing solar heat not only include wall and roof, but also include pillar, veranda, window, door, deck, awning, fence, path, driveway, brick, tile etc All of building elements can be used for collect and/or store solar heat. All of them can be replaced by the solar heat and energy saving devices disclosed in this application.
  • the fluid channel can be an existing channel in a building (e.g. Fig. l-C), a new added channel like a channel made of metal, cement and ceramic etc. They also can a channel designed in the solar heating and energy saving devices disclosed this application. Further more, a hollow pillar or a hollow frame of building can also be used.
  • the heat transferring fluid can be air (Fig. 1-C), antifreeze, water (Fig.2 and Fig.3-C) and other liquids.
  • Fig.l-D a schematic side view of an exemplary insulating glass style solar heat collector (IGSHC) and building element 10 is illustrated.
  • device 10 is not only a solar heat collector, but also an energy saving building element or unit.
  • 101 is an insulating glass and the like that means a insulating glass, a hollow transparent object or two transparent sheets which is separated and enclosed by spacer.
  • the insulating glass or hollow glass has been used in the recent buildings widely. It also can be other two or triple transparent plates separated by spacers.
  • the spacer may contain drier.
  • Two or three layer glasses and spacer form one or two spaces in which filled by air or other gas for heat insulation.
  • the space (s) also can be evacuated.
  • FIG. 1-D there are two layers of glass 102, 103 and spacer 108 to form a closed space 107.
  • a solar heat absorber 104 is arranged in the space 107 and separates 107 into two subspaces 1071 and 1072.
  • the two subspaces can be completely isolated or they are connected by air. Air or other gas is filled in the subspaces for heat insulation.
  • a set of smaller supporter (not show in Figure) support and fixes the absorber from two sides.
  • Other fluid including liquid, like water also can be filled in the subspace to store and transfer heat.
  • a single solar heat absorber (without fluid channel) is arranged in one of two spaces, the second space can fill in fluid to store and transfer heat.
  • the fluid channel is the subspace.
  • the solar heat absorber also can be the middle glass with a solar heat absorb coating.
  • the absorber 104 has solar heat absorbing coating in one side or two sides. It can be a single solar heat absorber without fluid channel.
  • a set of fluid channels is arranged at the absorber 104.
  • Fig. 1-D there are only two channels 1051 and 1052 of the channels are shown as representatives.
  • One (at center) or two (at two sides) convergent tube(s) connects other liquid tubes and having end(s) extend to outside of 101.
  • the convergent tube has one or two open ends. It depends on the situation of the collector/unit 10. If the unit is at the end of a wall or roof, one open end is enough. If the unit is at the middle of a series of units to pass the fluid, two open ends are required.
  • convergent tube 106 connects the sub-channels like 105 and having two connecting fittings 1091 and 1092 at the frame of the collector.
  • 1091 is a liquid outlet and 1092 is a liquid inlet.
  • the liquid can be water, antifreeze or other heat storage and transfer liquids.
  • Some time the angles between subchannels (1051, 1052) and the convergent tube (106) are non-orthogonal angles. The angle may larger than 95 degree to allow the liquid move easier and faster.
  • the fluid also can be air or other gases.
  • the solar heat absorber not only can be a single sheet of absorber or a sheet with liquid channels. It also can be a plat shaped container or tank like 208 shown in Fig. 2-B.
  • the material filled in the tank can be any heat storage material such as solid material, fluid material and phase change material. The material is to store heat for transferring.
  • the solar heat absorber in the insulating glass make the building element stronger to against the damage and breaking of the building.
  • the absorber is a plate shaped tank. So the unit can be used in any flow as a wall or other building element.
  • the solar heat absorber lets the two layer insulating glass having two separated air spaces. The heat insulation may be strengthened.
  • the sunlight When sunlight shines on the energy saving building element 10, the sunlight pass through glass 102 and reach the surface of solar heat absorber 104.
  • the absorber absorbs the heat and transfers it to the liquid in the liquid channels like 1051 and 1052. Because the space 1071 and 1072 are insulated by air, so most of the absorbed heat is transferred into the liquid.
  • the hot season to speed up the flow of the liquid in the unit will cool down the unit and building.
  • the heated liquid can stay in the unit to warm the building element, so that the spaces in the building are heated.
  • FIG. 2-D a schematic side view illustrating another insulating glass style solar heat collector and energy saving building element 20. Similar to 10 in Fig. 1-D, 20 of Fig.2-D has an insulating glass 201 and the like. There are two layers of glass 202, 203 and spacer 208 to form a closed space 207. A solar heat absorber 204 is arranged in the space 207 and separates 207 into two subspaces 2071 and 2072. The absorber 204 has solar heat absorbing coating in one side or two sides. The absorber 204 also can have solar heat absorbing coating in one side and an opposite side is for radiating heat. For example, an absorber made by aluminum alloy. Its one side has solar heat coating. Its other side is polished.
  • a set of fluid channels 2051, 2052 to 2057and 2058 is arranged at the absorber 204.
  • One convergent tube 206 is arranged at the right side of insulating glass 201. The convergent tube connects the liquid tubes 2051 , 2052 to 2057and 2058. If necessary, heat tubes may replace the fluid channels. Heat tubes are more expensive then fluid channels. But heat tubes have only thermal connecting with convergent tube and without fluid communication between them.
  • a second convergent tube may be arranged at opposite side of the insulating glass, but it is not in this case.
  • the convergent tube 209 may have its own heat insulation.
  • the tube can also be installed in a building frame and insulated in the frame.
  • the convergent tube 206 has an inlet 2091 for cold water and an outlet 2092 for the heated water.
  • the unit 20 also has an air inlet 2094 and an air outlet 2093. Usually 2093 and 2094 are closed by two spare screw bolt. If necessary we can connect unit 20 to an air heating system and draw out the heated air from one or two spaces in the unit 20. So that the insulating glass style solar heat collector is a multi-function unit for generating heated liquid and/or air.
  • the solar heat absorber 204 is inserted in slots in the space of the insulating glass 201. (Does not show in Fig.2-D).
  • the slots are for supporting and fixing the absorber.
  • There is at least one spacer 2081 is removable and for tubes 2051-2058 to pass through. So that the solar heat absorber 204 can be removed for replacing or recycle. The removed absorber can also be coated again.
  • the operating life of a building and an insulating glass may be much longer than the operating life of a coating of the solar heat absorber.
  • the disclosed special design will make sure the unit 20 can absorb the solar heat at all operating life time of the building.
  • Other operation processing and functions of 20 are similar with 10 that descript before.
  • the unit 10 and 20 can be installed in a building as many building elements. For example, they can be put on the top of building as a roof. It can be put in anywhere of building as a wall. We can also make the units to pass sunlight partially by using a net absorber. Or the absorbers insert in part of the space of the glass. Then the unit can be used as a window or sky roof. By controlling the fluid flow direction and speed, the unit can help to heat the space or cool the space.
  • the fluid can be gas, liquid or a combination of them.
  • the fluid channel can be the fluid tubes arranged at the absorbers or the space/subspace of the insulating glass. They also can provide absorbed solar heat for storing or other using.
  • the collector is a recyclable solar heat collector.
  • the collector also collects solar heat. So it is an energy saving building element. A building install this kind of element not only can use solar energy to heat the building, but also can cool the building.
  • the units 10 and 20 can be a solar heat collector to be used separately with a heat storage tank. They can heat the water and make hot water. In this case it is a traditional solar heat collector. A set of accessories are required. They are mentioned in claims.
  • a building's walls and roof can be constructed very easy.
  • the only two main elements of a roof and wall are said solar heat collector and frame materials.
  • the frame material made of metal, wood, bamboo or steel and concrete.
  • FIG. 3-D it is a schematic side view of an exemplary building 30 using solar heat collector and building elements for building heating and cooling.
  • the building in Fig. 3-D shows three sides of 30: A is a roof 302. B is a side facing sunlight. C is a vertical section and side view of the building.
  • the roof A comprises 3021 and 3022.
  • 3022 is a regular insulating glass to form a sky window that provides sunlight for building.
  • 3021 is built by four insulating glass style solar heat collectors that introduced in Fig.1- D.
  • 3023 and 3024 are two convergent tubes of the solar heat absorbers. In the absorber, the angle between convergent tube and other tubes may be non-orthogonal. It has been introduced in Fig. l-D.
  • the outlet of 3023 and the inlet of 3024 are connected for fluid pass through.
  • a water tank and/or heat radiator 307 and an automatic controlling system 308 are arranged under the roof 302.
  • 307 is similar with 215 in Fig.2-C and 315 in Fig. 3.C.
  • 307 may be one large tank or a set of small tanks.
  • 303 and 305 are the insulating glasses or transparent window glasses.
  • 304 is a insulating glass style solar heat collector that introduced in Fig.2D.
  • 306 is a solar heat collector integrated heat collecting and storing that introduced in Fig. 2-B.
  • 3062 is a solar cooking appliance that disclosed in our prior patent application. 3062 has 3 cooking chambers and an enclosed/insulated space to store solar heat. It is thermally connect with 3061.
  • two large heat storage devices 307 and 306 (3061 plus 3062).
  • 307 is at a higher place.
  • 3062 is at a lower place.
  • 309 is an awning for first floor and a sunlight reflector for 304.
  • the reflector 309 reflects sunlight to the absorber 304 for generating more heat.
  • the sunlight reflector can put anywhere to collect more heat, even in the back of the building.
  • Each of 303, 304, 305 and 306 may include several pieces and installed in building frame.
  • Side C is a vertical section side view of the building.
  • 301 is a vertical section of the building frame.
  • a fluid tube network is arranged in the frame and is heat insulated. The network is shown by line with arrows in the figure. The arrows show the direction of fluid flow at one operation condition.
  • Each arrow of 309, 3091-3099 also represents a section of tube and a control valve in the circuit.
  • the convergent tubes 3041 and 3061 are located in the frame 301. They are heat insulated. They also connect each other and connect the fluid tube network.
  • the heat bank of the building comprises the elements 307, 3061, 3062, fluid channels in 3023, 3024, 3041 and the liquid tube network in 301.
  • the walls of side C and its opposite side can also use insulating glass style solar heat collectors. The solar heat absorbers in the collectors can with or without fluid channels. This arrangement is valuable, because the walls of these two sides also can receive sunlight.
  • the insulating grass style solar heat collectors can catch snow reflected sunlight.
  • the design and selection depend on the technical and commercial comparison.
  • the above-mentioned building using solar heat for heating and cooling can operate automatically without a power pump, if our heat driven liquid self-circulating technologies are employed.
  • Our prior patent applications introduced the technologies.
  • the water tank 307 and automatic controlling system 308 can be moved to first floor or a basement (if the building has one). In this case, the heat circulating needs an electric powered pump.
  • the heated water in 3041 and 3061 rises up and go though 3095, 3097, 309 and into 3023 and 3024 to be further heated.
  • the hot water goes though 3091 and stays at the top of 307 for use.
  • the cold water in bottom of 307 passes though 3099, 3092, 3096, 3093 and 3094 to cool the building and 3041 and 3061.
  • the solar heated water is stored in 307. The building is cooled.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention porte sur un bâtiment utilisant l'énergie solaire pour le chauffage et le refroidissement. Ledit bâtiment utilise des éléments de construction pour la collecte et le stockage de chaleur solaire. Ledit bâtiment utilise également un collecteur de chaleur solaire et/ou un dispositif de stockage de chaleur solaire comme éléments de construction. Un canal de fluide est disposé dans ledit élément de construction pour un fluide afin de transférer une chaleur solaire absorbée. Un banc de stockage de chaleur solaire est relié au canal de fluide pour stocker la chaleur afin de chauffer ou refroidir de l'eau et/ou un espace dans le bâtiment. Un radiateur de chaleur solaire est relié au canal de fluide pour refroidir l'élément de construction. Ledit bâtiment peut de plus comprendre l'un ou plusieurs parmi un système de commande d'automatisation, une pompe de puissance électrique, une pompe autoalimentée actionnée par la chaleur, un appareil de cuisson solaire et un appareil de chauffage solaire. Cette invention porte également sur des éléments de construction nouvellement révélés utilisés à des fins de chauffage et de refroidissement de bâtiment. Ceux-ci sont les suivants : un revêtement économisant l'énergie pour fenêtres et portes, lequel revêtement comporte une structure mécanique identique à celle d'un revêtement classique. Ledit revêtement comprend un premier côté pour absorber la chaleur solaire, un second côté pour réfléchir la lumière du soleil et un mécanisme pour faire tourner les côtés. Ledit revêtement comprend de plus un système de commande automatique et un canal de fluide. Un système de chauffage solaire utilise un store vénitien à économie d'énergie pour son absorbeur de chaleur solaire. Ledit système de chauffage solaire comprend un store réalisé en un matériau de base comprenant un groupe de lattes rotatives et réglables disposées les unes à côté des autres, lesdites lattes comprenant un premier côté pour absorber la chaleur solaire, un second côté pour réfléchir la chaleur, et un mécanisme pour commander l'orientation desdites lattes. Un tube convergent est thermiquement relié audit canal de fluide, et sans communication fluidique avec ledit canal de fluide. Ledit tube convergent est relié thermiquement à un récipient de stockage de chaleur. Le système de chauffage solaire peut comprendre un réservoir de stockage de chaleur pour former un dispositif intégré de collecte et de stockage de chaleur solaire. Un dispositif de chauffage solaire intégrant la collecte de chaleur solaire avec le stockage de chaleur dans une unité comprend un récipient de stockage de chaleur solaire comprenant un absorbeur de chaleur solaire, un matériau de stockage et de conduction de chaleur solaire disposé dans ledit récipient, ledit absorbeur de chaleur solaire chauffant directement ledit matériau de stockage et de conduction de chaleur, un revêtement transparent pour le passage à travers celui-ci de la lumière solaire, l'isolation et/ou la protection vis-à-vis de la chaleur et une isolation thermique. Ledit dispositif comprend : 1. Un réservoir de liquide comportant une paroi destinée à absorber directement la chaleur solaire. 2. Un collecteur de chaleur solaire à plaque plate, lequel comprend un récipient pour stocker la chaleur solaire dans le collecteur. 3. Un bassin de liquide utilisant sa paroi pour absorber directement la chaleur solaire. Un collecteur de chaleur solaire du type à verre isolant (IGSHC) et un élément de construction comprennent un verre isolant, et analogue, un absorbeur de chaleur solaire disposé dans un espace creux dudit verre isolant, ledit absorbeur divisant ledit espace en un premier sous-espace et un second sous-espace, un canal de fluide thermiquement relié audit absorbeur de chaleur solaire pour un transfert de chaleur, et un mécanisme pour diriger et réguler l'écoulement dudit fluide.
PCT/CA2012/000661 2012-06-27 2012-06-27 Collecteur de chaleur solaire du type à verre isolant et bâtiment utilisant l'énergie solaire pour le chauffage et le refroidissement utilisant celui-ci WO2014000079A1 (fr)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014008588A1 (fr) * 2012-06-27 2014-01-16 W&E International (Canada) Corp. Collecteur d'énergie solaire de type verre isolant et bâtiment utilisant l'énergie solaire pour le chauffage et la climatisation l'utilisant
ITUB20155889A1 (it) * 2015-11-25 2017-05-25 Valerio Milano Edificio migliorato
WO2017165955A1 (fr) * 2016-03-30 2017-10-05 W&E International (Canada) Corp. Unité d'énergie solaire à coque spatiale à haut rendement
WO2017165937A1 (fr) * 2016-03-30 2017-10-05 Lin, Huazi Ensemble coque translucide d'espace pour économie d'énergie solaire
WO2017191260A1 (fr) 2016-05-04 2017-11-09 Atotech Deutschland Gmbh Procédé de dépôt d'un métal ou d'un alliage métallique sur une surface d'un substrat comprenant l'activation de celle-ci
FR3109208A1 (fr) * 2020-04-14 2021-10-15 Laurence Aubin Procédé de chauffage solaire autonome et peu coûteux d’un habitat.

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US4091800A (en) * 1975-06-27 1978-05-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Solar pond
US4143640A (en) * 1975-05-08 1979-03-13 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Venetian-blind solar collector
US4191329A (en) * 1978-04-17 1980-03-04 Solartech Systems Corporation Single-pipe hot water solar system
GB2034458A (en) * 1978-10-25 1980-06-04 Thermo Electron Corp Solar energy air heater
US4215677A (en) * 1977-08-29 1980-08-05 Rocky Mountain Sheet Metal Company, Inc. Solar collector panel assembly
US4798056A (en) * 1980-02-11 1989-01-17 Sigma Research, Inc. Direct expansion solar collector-heat pump system
DE102008029676A1 (de) * 2008-06-24 2009-12-31 Pommersheim, Rainer, Dr. Sonnenkollektor mit mikrostrukturierter Absorberfläche

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4143640A (en) * 1975-05-08 1979-03-13 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Venetian-blind solar collector
US4091800A (en) * 1975-06-27 1978-05-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Solar pond
US4215677A (en) * 1977-08-29 1980-08-05 Rocky Mountain Sheet Metal Company, Inc. Solar collector panel assembly
US4191329A (en) * 1978-04-17 1980-03-04 Solartech Systems Corporation Single-pipe hot water solar system
GB2034458A (en) * 1978-10-25 1980-06-04 Thermo Electron Corp Solar energy air heater
US4798056A (en) * 1980-02-11 1989-01-17 Sigma Research, Inc. Direct expansion solar collector-heat pump system
DE102008029676A1 (de) * 2008-06-24 2009-12-31 Pommersheim, Rainer, Dr. Sonnenkollektor mit mikrostrukturierter Absorberfläche

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014008588A1 (fr) * 2012-06-27 2014-01-16 W&E International (Canada) Corp. Collecteur d'énergie solaire de type verre isolant et bâtiment utilisant l'énergie solaire pour le chauffage et la climatisation l'utilisant
ITUB20155889A1 (it) * 2015-11-25 2017-05-25 Valerio Milano Edificio migliorato
WO2017165955A1 (fr) * 2016-03-30 2017-10-05 W&E International (Canada) Corp. Unité d'énergie solaire à coque spatiale à haut rendement
WO2017165937A1 (fr) * 2016-03-30 2017-10-05 Lin, Huazi Ensemble coque translucide d'espace pour économie d'énergie solaire
WO2017191260A1 (fr) 2016-05-04 2017-11-09 Atotech Deutschland Gmbh Procédé de dépôt d'un métal ou d'un alliage métallique sur une surface d'un substrat comprenant l'activation de celle-ci
FR3109208A1 (fr) * 2020-04-14 2021-10-15 Laurence Aubin Procédé de chauffage solaire autonome et peu coûteux d’un habitat.

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