WO2017165937A1 - Ensemble coque translucide d'espace pour économie d'énergie solaire - Google Patents

Ensemble coque translucide d'espace pour économie d'énergie solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017165937A1
WO2017165937A1 PCT/CA2016/000085 CA2016000085W WO2017165937A1 WO 2017165937 A1 WO2017165937 A1 WO 2017165937A1 CA 2016000085 W CA2016000085 W CA 2016000085W WO 2017165937 A1 WO2017165937 A1 WO 2017165937A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solar
space
electricity
solar thermal
transparent
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2016/000085
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Yuanhao LIN
Original Assignee
Lin, Huazi
W&E International (Canada) Corp.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lin, Huazi, W&E International (Canada) Corp. filed Critical Lin, Huazi
Priority to PCT/CA2016/000085 priority Critical patent/WO2017165937A1/fr
Priority to AU2017243885A priority patent/AU2017243885A1/en
Priority to MX2018011976A priority patent/MX2018011976A/es
Priority to KR1020187031517A priority patent/KR20190102982A/ko
Priority to EP17772890.4A priority patent/EP3436753A1/fr
Priority to CN201780021686.4A priority patent/CN109073276A/zh
Priority to BR112018069981A priority patent/BR112018069981A2/pt
Priority to PCT/CA2017/000068 priority patent/WO2017165955A1/fr
Priority to US16/089,652 priority patent/US20190131924A1/en
Publication of WO2017165937A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017165937A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/63—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of windows
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
    • F24S70/20—Details of absorbing elements characterised by absorbing coatings; characterised by surface treatment for increasing absorption
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
    • F24S70/30—Auxiliary coatings, e.g. anti-reflective coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
    • F24S80/56—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings characterised by means for preventing heat loss
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
    • F24S80/58—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings characterised by their mountings or fixing means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to solar energy applications.
  • This disclosure specially relates to the method to make and/or a translucent space shell unit/element that employs first and second solar thermal absorbing/coating materials selectively arranged on different sides of transparent material(s) to absorb solar energy for heating and cooling said space, or further for solar electricity generating.
  • Low-E glass including glass with transparent heat insulation coating
  • Low-E glass has two heat absorbing coats applied on two inner sides of an insulating glass.
  • the spacer contains drier/desiccant to protect the coatings.
  • the main advantage of the low-E glass is that the first coat absorbs solar heat to reduce the solar heat getting into inner space of a building at day time or hot weather.
  • the second coat protects the heat transferring to outdoor at night time or cool weather.
  • the coat of the low-E glass is semi-transparent.
  • the low-E curtain wall can replace the traditional wall and window.
  • the disadvantages of Low-E glass are as following: at cool weather the sunlight is blocked by the first coat.
  • the solar heat absorbed at first coat is transferred to outdoor environment easily. This kind of solar energy is wasted that should be used for heating building.
  • the second disadvantage is that the solar heat absorbed in the hollow space has to be transferred either indoor or outdoor of the building. So the basic function of low-E glass is to block solar heat and space heat in its hollow space and then transfer the heat to indoor and outdoor.
  • our prior patents or patents pending we also provide some solutions. Especially in the patent application PCT/CA2013/ 000856, our idea is to make arrangement for absorbing solar heat in our device as much as possible at any season and then use the heat for hot water, space heating and cooling.
  • One of the examples disclosed is an Insulating Glass Style Solar Heat Collector (IGSHC).
  • One of the claimed collectors is to insets a solar heat absorber into the hollow space of an insulation glass, or the like.
  • a fluid channel is for transfer the absorbed heat.
  • IGSHC not only has much higher efficiency of heat insulation for the space, but also has much higher efficiency of solar heat applications. This invention did not provide the solution how to upgrade the existing one layer transparent window and doors and turn them into a solar energy saving unit.
  • the local conditions such as weather, economic and technical level in different areas of world are different from one place to another. It is difficult to use one simple product to meet all the requirements in all areas.
  • materials can be used. For example: the coat material for low-e glass and coats and paints of solar thermal absorbing materials in market.
  • materials can be used, especially the solar thermal and electricity integrated materials. Following are some examples of them: PV cells, organic solar cell, transparent solar thermal coat material, transparent solar electricity cell etc. Even the same material/coat, we also can use different density/thinness of the coating to reach different light transmittance and absorb different percentage of solar energy.
  • Some customers in developing countries or hot areas may prefer to give out some long team benefit of solar energy for reducing the first time investment of energy saving equipment.
  • not all buildings in all countries need two or three layer window or semi-transparent curtain.
  • the existing one or two layer windows and curtain walls also need to be upgraded for energy saving purpose. Therefore the new products need to have optimum functions to meet local customer's requirements according to local weather, economy and technical situations. So we need to selectively combine following different materials and features: the layer number of the transparent material, coat materials, the thinness and density of the coating, the location of the coats in the unit, etc.
  • the method also needs to consider how to upgrade the existing elements instead to destroy and replace them.
  • the purpose of this disclosure is to provide a method for making or a unit to be used as a space shell unit for buildings and transportation devices.
  • the space shell means an object covers the space fully or partially and separates the space from surroundings.
  • the examples of the shell materials are window, doors, roof, wall and their combinations.
  • the shell unit disclosed in this disclosure has following features: It has a high efficiency of absorbing solar energy. It can heat and cool the space by receiving sunlight or further can generate electricity. It is translucent, so sunlight can partially pass through the material and get into the space.
  • the new unit should be developed based on local situations, especial the local weather situation.
  • the new unit needs to integrate the new and existing solar technologies and products. It may not only convert solar energy to heat, but also to electricity.
  • This disclosure provide the method for making or directly provide a unit selectively using translucent coat materials for absorbing solar energy to heat and cool a space or further to generate electricity, for energy saving purpose based on local situations.
  • the present disclosure provides a method to make a translucent space shell unit and/or to provide a translucent space shell unit for solar energy saving.
  • the solar energy saving means the unit absorbs and converts solar energy to heat or also to electricity.
  • the heat can be used for the space heating and cooling or further for hot water.
  • the unit comprises: at least one transparent material(s) and at least first solar thermal material and second solar thermal material (e.g. solar absorbing coats and cells).
  • the materials selectively arranged onto two different sides of said transparent material(s) according to local weather situation.
  • said first and second solar thermal materials are translucent.
  • the ratio of the solar heat absorbed between said first and second solar thermal materials is depended on the ration of the solar heat that the space needs to receive. As cool the area weather, as more solar heat the area need to receive.
  • the space shell unit is a part of a space shell that physically covers and separates said space from surroundings fully or partially.
  • the space can be a building or a transportation device.
  • the examples of said unit can be a space element that selected from a group of: window, door, roof, wall, curtain or element of a building or a
  • the building may be a commercial, industries, residential or agriculture building.
  • the transportation means road transport, maritime transport, air transport and/or rail transport etc.
  • the example of the unit also can select from a solar heat collector, a solar electricity panel, or/and a solar thermal and electricity combined unit.
  • the translucent unit means the unit allow partial visible sunlight to pass though the unit and the coat material(s) on the transparent material(s) is able to partially absorb solar energy uniformly or selectively from certain wave bands of the sunlight.
  • coating/cells can be selected:
  • Solar heat and solar electricity integrated materials These materials absorb solar energy and convert it to both solar heat and electricity. They can be a PV cell or an organic solar coat. PV cell is a small unit generate electricity directly from sunlight using semi-conducting material. When the sunlight passes through a PV cell, both solar heat and electricity are generated.
  • Organic solar cell e.g. polymer solar cell, flexible solar cell
  • Solar thermal material It absorbs solar energy to generate solar heat.
  • a typical example is so called transparent solar thermal coat.
  • the coat places on a transparent material to absorb sunlight energy mainly in the infrared spectrum and allow visible light to go through.
  • the coats for low-E glass and for transparent heat insulation glass (by absorbing heat, not by reflecting heat) in market are also the solar thermal materials.
  • Solar-Electricity coat it places on a transparent material (e.g. glass or polymer) to absorb the energy from sunlight and convert the energy to electricity.
  • the coat allows visible light to go through fully or partially.
  • the typical example of this kind of coat is so- called transparent solar cell or panel.
  • transparent solar electricity cell or panel in order to distinguish between transparent solar electricity cell and solar electricity and thermal integrated cell.
  • This transparent solar electric cell absorbs the solar energy of UV and near infrared spectrum and allows visible light to go through.
  • the transparent solar cell or panel is not a solar thermal material, because it almost does not generate solar heat.
  • the solar thermal absorbing material means the coating or cell that can absorb sunlight and convert the absorbed solar energy to heat.
  • the transparent solar thermal coat is a translucent material and a solar thermal material.
  • the solar thermal and electricity integrated materials e.g. PV cell or organic solar cell
  • transparent solar electric coat is not a solar thermal coat, but is a translucent solar coat. Because it absorbs the energy from UV and near infrared spectrum of sunlight and convert to electricity, but allow visible sunlight to go through.
  • the traditional metal coat of low-E glass is a
  • the wording of "at least' means the number of transparent plate (s) may be one, two or three. (Even more than three is Ok too, but may not necessary).
  • Each said transparent plate has two sides. If the number is one, the transparent plate and the unit have only two sides can be selected. Both of the sides need to be coated. If the number is two, the unit has 4 sides of the transparent plates for selection. If the number is three, the unit has six sides of transparent plates for selection.
  • the transparent plate(s)/material(s) is/are a material allows light to pass through, so that objects behind can be distinctly seen.
  • transparent plate/material can be any transparent material including a laminated glass. It can be any shape. Whatever they are straighted or curved, hard or soft. Glass, polymer or combination of them can be considered.
  • the transparent plate/material is not necessary 100 % clear for sunlight.
  • some other material may be added to make the plate/material stronger, color or functional. In this application, they are defined transparent material. But some material integrated into the transparent material for solar energy absorbing purpose will be treated as a solar absorbing material.
  • the transparent material also includes laminated transparent material.
  • the first and second solar thermal coats/materials can be selected from a group of: a solar thermal coat for generating solar heat; a transparent solar thermal material; one solar thermal material arranged on two different said sides to form two solar absorb coats, wherein said coats having two different light transmittances; one solar thermal material arranged on two different said sides with two different densities of said materials; two different solar thermal materials; a solar thermal and electricity integrated material, which absorb solar energy and converts the energy to solar heat and electricity; a PV cell; an organic solar electric cell; a PV cell and a solar thermal coat for generating both solar electricity and solar heat; and an organic solar electric cell and a solar thermal material.
  • At least two thermal coating materials need to be applied on two different sides of the transparent material(s).
  • the first thermal coating/side closer to sunlight is for preventing the over required heat pass through the unit and get into the space.
  • the second thermal coating/side closer to space is for preventing the heat transferring from the space to outside of the space.
  • the two coatings need to be different and be selected and adjusted based on local weather conditions for a higher efficiency.
  • the term "different" means different kinds of materials or same material with different solar energy
  • the absorbed solar heat ratio between said first and second solar thermal materials is depended on the ration of the solar heat that the space needs to receive. As cooler the area weather, as more solar heat the space needs to receive. As more solar heat the space needs to receive, as higher solar heat absorbing ration of second solar thermal material.
  • the coat closer to sunlight need to absorb more solar energy.
  • the coat closer to space need to absorb more solar energy.
  • the same coating in two sides of two transparent materials like some low-E glass did) is not a good choice. The two same coatings absorb different amounts or percentages of the energy. The differential is based on the energy absorbing ratio.
  • the two same coatings in a low-E glass can only be used in a very small geographical area having hot weather. In a cool area, this kind of glass will waste huge solar heat. 3.
  • a combination of solar energy coatings is recommended. The combined coatings absorb energy from different sunlight wave bands and convert the energy to both solar electricity and heat. 4.
  • For a unit with 2 or 3 transparent materials there are 4 - 6 sides of the transparent materials. In this case, the coated sides need to be selected according to local weather.
  • first coated side In the area of hot weather, the first coated side needs to be closer to sunlight for that more heat can be removed or transferred to outside of the space. In the area of cool weather, the first coated side needs to be closer to the space, so the absorbed heat can be kept in the space. At a warm area, the location of first coated side needs to considered and adjusted carefully according to above mentioned rules. 5. If a transparent solar electricity coat or a solar electricity and thermal integrated coat (PV cell, or organic solar cell) is used. They need to be arranged as close to sunlight as possible for generating electricity first. 6. If the unit has 3
  • the local condition means one or more of local weather condition, economy condition and user living traditions and customary, where the unit is used.
  • the local condition mainly means the local weather condition. Because the local temperature condition will decide how much solar thermal energy the space may require. The local humidity situation will decide the location of coating side.
  • the translucent space sell unit is removeably received in a flame or a slot of a building element.
  • the transparent material(s) of said unit may also be removeably received in slot(s) of a part of said space sell.
  • This disclosure also provides a translucent space shell unit comprises an existing Low- E glass.
  • a translucent space shell unit comprises an existing Low- E glass.
  • a solar thermal material on a side facing to sunlight or facing to said space of the low-E glass.
  • an existing Low-E glass also can add a third transparent glass in parallel with said low-E glass; at least one solar thermal material arranged on one of the sides of third transparent material and low-E glass.
  • the translucent space sell unit may further comprise one or more accessories selected from a group of: a spacer for separating two transparent materials; a drier is in the spacer for protect the coating in two transparent materials; a flame for fixing or
  • a fluid channel is in the hollow space of two transparent material or two ends of the hollow space; a sensor for monitoring the unit; a fan for transfer the heated air; a liquid tube for transfer the absorbed heat, a fluid controller; an electricity connection for the solar electricity: an electricity switcher; a DC/AC electricity convertor; and an electric controller for the solar electricity that the unit generated.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrates exemplary a translucent shell unit has one transparent material with solar energy coating materials
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrates exemplary a translucent shell unit has two transparent materials with solar energy coating materials
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrates exemplary a translucent shell unit has three transparent materials with solar energy coating materials
  • At least two thermal coating materials need to be applied on two different sides of the transparent material(s).
  • the first thermal coating/side closer to sunlight is for preventing the over required heat pass through the unit and get into the space.
  • the second thermal coating/side closer to space is for heating the space and preventing the heat
  • the two coatings need to be different and to be selected and adjusted based on local weather conditions.
  • the ratio of the solar thermal energy absorbed on said first and second solar thermal materials is depended on the ration of the solar heat that the space needs to receive. As cooler the area weather, as more solar heat the space needs to receive. As more solar heat the space needs to receive, as higher solar heat absorbing ration of second solar thermal material. To explain the above mentioned concepts in details, following are some examples: If the solar heat absorbed by the unit is 100%. In a cool weather area, the second solar thermal material may need 70% of absorbed solar heat. The first solar thermal material may need to absorb 30% of absorbed solar heat. Therefore most of the solar energy can be used to heat the space.
  • the first coat that closer to sunlight may need to absorb 70% of absorbed solar heat, and the second solar thermal material may only need 30% of absorb solar heat. Therefore most of solar heat can transfer to and keep out of the space.
  • ratio 7:3 If the total absorbed solar heat in two coatings is 50% of the sunlight energy, the solar thermal absorption rate of first material is 35%.
  • the solar thermal absorption rate of second material will be 23.1%.
  • the first and second materials are the same coat material, the thicknesses of two materials need to be significant different. Please note that not all materials can control the solar energy absorbing rate by adjust the thickness of the coat. 3. From energy efficiency point of view, a combination of multiple solar energy coatings is recommended. The combined coatings absorb energy from different sunlight wave bands and convert the energy to both solar electricity and heat. 4. For a unit with 2 or 3 transparent materials, there are 4 - 6 sides of the
  • the coated sides need to be selected according to local weather. In the area of hot weather, the first coated side needs to be closer to sunlight for that more heat can be removed or transferred to outside of the space. In the area of cool weather, the first coated side needs to be closer to the space, so the absorbed heat can be kept in the space. At a warm area, the location of first coated side needs to considered and adjusted carefully according to above mentioned rules. 5. If a transparent solar electricity coat or a solar electricity and thermal integrated coat (PV cell, or organic solar cell) is used. They need to be arranged as close to sunlight as possible to generate electricity first. 6. If the unit has 3 transparent materials and one or two fluid channel(s), it is the best choice to arrange the solar thermal coats on two sides of the middle transparent material.
  • PV cell solar electricity and thermal integrated coat
  • PV cells organic solar cell
  • transparent solar thermal coat material transparent solar electricity cell etc.
  • the PV cells, organic solar cell, transparent solar thermal coat material are solar thermal materials.
  • FIG. 1 it is a schematic diagram illustrates exemplary a translucent shell unit 10. It is a part of a space shell to separate a space S1 from surroundings. The other parts of the unit and the sell did not show in Fig. 1.
  • Unit 10 has one transparent material 11 (e.g. glass or polymer) with two sides 1 1 and 12.
  • Two transparent solar thermal coats 1 10 and 1120 applied on two sides 111 and 1 12 respectfully.
  • 1110 is closer to sunlight and 1120 is closer to the space S1.
  • the solar heat absorbed in 1 10 will mainly transfer to surroundings.
  • the solar heat absorbed in 1 20 will mainly transfer into the space S1.
  • the ratio of solar heat absorbed between 1 10 and 1120 is depended and adjusted on the ration of the solar heat that the space S1 needs to receive.
  • 1 120 closer to the space S1
  • 110 closer to outdoor
  • 1120 needs to absorb lesser thermal energy than 1110 for reduce the solar heat get into space S .
  • Two transparent solar electricity coatings are arranged on 1 1 10 and on the surface of 1 12 respectfully.
  • the solar electricity coatings 1 111 and 1112 absorb the solar energy and convert to electricity, when sunlight 100 shines on the unit 10.
  • the solar energy received by 11 1 and 11 12 is mainly from UV and near infrared spectrum.
  • the generated electricity is transferred to user through the electric connection 101.
  • 101 may further comprise a switcher, converter or a controller.
  • the solar thermal coatings 1110 and 1120 also absorb the solar energy and convert to solar heat. This solar heat is mainly from infrared spectra.
  • the solar heat absorbed by 1110 is mainly stay in outside of the space.
  • the heat absorbed by1120 is mainly transfer to space S1.
  • the heat absorbed by1120 is not only from sunlight, but also from space heat when S1 temperature is higher than surroundings. In this case, most of the visible light pass though the unit 10 and get into space S1.
  • the transparent material 11 is fixed or removablely received in a frame 19.
  • the frame 19 can be a part of unit 10 or a part of the space shell. There are many variants for unit 10. Following are some examples of unit 10:
  • the solar electricity coats 1111 and 1121 may not exist.
  • the glass 11 has only two solar thermal coatings 1110 and 1120 on two sides 111 and 112. This is the easiest way to upgrade a single layer glass window and wall to a solar energy saving unit.
  • the two coatings 1120 and 1121 are replaced by one solar electricity and thermal coating, such as an organic solar electric cell.
  • the four coatings 1110, 111 and 1120 1121 are replaced by two solar electricity and thermal coatings, such as two organic solar electric cells on two sides 111 and 12 respectively.
  • the two sides 111 and 112 have two solar thermal coatings. Both two sides of the unit 10 can absorb solar heat. The ratio of solar heat absorbed on the two sides are selected and adjusted by local weather condition. In case 1 , only infrared spectra energy is absorbed. Most of the UV and visible spectrum sunlight pass through the unit 10. In cases 2 and 3, some visible sunlight will be absorbed at the coatings. The brightness in the space 0 is reduced.
  • FIG. 2 there is a schematic diagram illustrates exemplary a translucent shell unit 20.
  • the unit 20 is a part of a space shell to separate a space S1 from surroundings. The other parts of the sell did not show in Fig. 2.
  • the unit 20 has first transparent material 21 and second transparent material 22(e.g. glass or polymer) arranged in parallel.
  • a hollow space 27 is formed in between of 21 and 22.
  • the hollow space 27 may be sealed by spacers 25 and 26 with dryer in two or four boundaries. Sometime 26 may be a fluid channel fluidly connected to the hollow space 27.
  • the hollow space 27 has two sides open to a fluid channel in frame, (did not show in Fig.2).
  • Said fluid channel can have fan and controller (did not show in Fig.2) to transfer the heated air either to the space S1 or to surroundings at certain temperature.
  • a frame 29 fixes or removeably receives the complete unit 20.
  • the frame 29 also may removeably receive 21 and 22 separately in slots to form a part of the space sell element.
  • the spacer, drier and fluid channel are all arranged in the frame.
  • the first transparent material 21 has first side 211 that is closer to sunlight, the reversal side is 212.
  • the second transparent material 22 has first side 221 that is closer to the space S1 and the reversal side 222.
  • the solar thermal coats 2110 and 2120 can be applied on any two deferent sides selected from above mentioned four sides.
  • PV cells As mentioned in Summary, there are many kinds of coat materials for selection. Following are some examples of them: PV cells, organic solar cell, transparent solar thermal coat material, transparent solar electricity cell etc.
  • the rules are as follows: at least two different solar thermal materials 2110 and 2120 are arranged on two different sides of the unit 20 according to the local weather condition.
  • the solar electricity coats usually are arranged on the sides closer to sunlight, for the electricity can be generated first. In a hot area, the first solar thermal coating closer to sunlight 2110 needs to absorb higher ratio of the solar heat and arranged on the side closer to sunlight.
  • the second solar thermal coating 2120 that closer to the space S1 , needs to absorb higher ratio of the solar heat and arranged in a side closer to the space S1.
  • the ratio of solar heat absorbed between 1110 and 1120 is depended and adjusted on the ration of the solar heat that the space S1 needs to receive.
  • One or two transparent solar thermal coatings 2120 is arranged on one or two sides of second transparent material 22. They are 221 and 222.
  • the ratio of solar heat absorbed between 1110 and 1120 is depended and adjusted on the ration of the solar heat that the space S1 needs to receive according to local weather situation.
  • Two transparent solar electricity coatings arranged on 211 and 221 respectfully of first transparent material 2 .
  • An organic solar electric cell 2110 arranged on 222 of 22.
  • One transparent solar thermal coating 2120 is arranged on 221 of the second transparent material 22. 3.
  • a selection is to add a transparent solar electricity coating or a transparent solar thermal coating on the side of 211. This selection can be used on a very hot area only, because In this case, most of the solar heat will be blocked outside of the space S1.
  • FIG. 3 there is a schematic diagram illustrates exemplary a translucent space shell unit 30.
  • the unit 30 is a part of a space shell to separate a space S1 from surroundings. The other parts of the sell did not show in Fig. 3.
  • the unit 30 has three transparent materials (e.g. glasses or polymer). Here is glass: first glass 31 , second glass 32 and third glass 33. The three glasses are arranged in parallel. 31 is closer to sunlight. 32 is closer to space S1. 33 is in between of 31 and 32. A spacer and a fluid channel separate and support 31 , 32 and 33. They are 35 and 36. 31 , 32 and 33 form two hollow spaces 37 and 38.
  • One, even two of them may be fluid channel(s) connected to 35, 36 or 35 and 36 for transfer the solar heat to heat the space S1 or cool the space S1.
  • 35 is a fluid channel and 36 is a spacer with drier.
  • the hollow fluid channel 37 fluidly connected directly with the fluid channel 35 in two sides or top and bottom of the hollow.
  • the fluid can be air or an inert gas. If the fluid channel 35 or 36 is at the top of the hollow.
  • the fluid channel also can have liquid in side.
  • the heated air can move upward and heat the liquid in a tube for hot water, (did not show in Fig.3).
  • the fluid channel may also comprise a pump and a controller etc. to transfer the heat automatically at a certain temperature for heating or cooling the space S1. That is to transfer the absorbed heat to space 1 or surroundings through controlled gaps 3501 and 3502 (the gaps in other ends did not show in Fig.3).
  • the unit may also have no fluid channel. In this case, the absorbed heat is transferred to space S1 and
  • the first glass31 has first side 311 faces to sunlight and second side 312 at the reverse side.
  • the second transparent material 32 has first side 321 faces to the space S1 and second side 322 at the reverse side.
  • the third glass 33 has first side 331 near to 31 and reversal side332.
  • There is an electric power connection 301 for transfer the generated electricity to user. 301 may further comprise a switcher, converter or a controller. If there are two kinds of solar electricity cells (e.g. a PV cell and a solar organic Cell), there may have two electric connections (301 and 302).
  • the frame 39 can be a part of unit 30 or a part of the space shell that did not show in the figure. As discussed before, frame 39 may separately receive the glasses 31 , 32 and 33 in slots and have fluid channel and drier inside of frame.
  • translucent coat materials are the selections. Following are some examples of them: PV cells, organic solar cell, transparent solar thermal coat material, transparent solar electricity cell etc. They also include the coat of low-E glass.
  • the method and rules are as follows:
  • At least two different solar thermal coatings need to arrange on two different sides of the unit 30 according to local weather condition.
  • the solar electricity coat usually applies on the sides closer to sunlight (e.g. 311 and 312) for the sunlight to generate electricity first.
  • the solar electricity coat includes transparent solar electricity coat and solar electricity and thermal coat (e.g. PV cell and organic solar electricity cell).
  • the solar thermal coats need to be arranged closer to sunlight and the coated sides need to locate closer to sunlight too.
  • the first solar thermal coating closer to sunlight needs to absorb more ratio of the solar heat than the second coating that closer to the space S1.
  • the solar thermal coats need to be arranged closer to the space and the coated sides need to locate closer to the space too.
  • the first coated side closer to sunlight needs to absorb less heat than the second coated side closer to the space. So the space will receive more solar heat.
  • the ratio of solar heat absorbed between first and second solar thermal coatings is depended and adjusted on the ration of the solar heat that the space S1 needs to receive.
  • the first example is to upgrade the low-E glass instead to replace it for save the energy of glass manufacturing.
  • Fig. 3 if glasses 32, 33 and spacer 36 forms a low-E glass.
  • the same low-E solar thermal coatings have arranged on the sides of 322 and 332.
  • For upgrading this low-E glass we can arrange a new glass 31 in parallel with glass 33 and separated them with a fluid channel 35.
  • the channel 35 is fluidly connected with hollow space 37.
  • the channel 35 may also comprise a fan and controller.
  • Two transparent solar electricity cells 3110 and 3120 are applied on the two sides 311 and 312 of the glass 31.
  • a transparent solar thermal coating 3310 is arranged on the side 331 of the glass 33.
  • a solar electricity connection 301 is arranged to transfer the generated electricity to user.
  • the connection 301 may further comprise a switcher, a DC/AC converter and a controller.
  • the transparent solar electricity coatings 3110 and 3 20 absorb solar energy and convert it to electricity.
  • the solar energy is mainly from UV and near infrared spectrum.
  • the generated electricity passes through the connection 301 including the converter and controller for use.
  • the transparent solar thermal coating 3310 absorbs the solar heat mainly from the infrared spectra of the rest sunlight that passes through the glass 33. Then the sunlight transmitted through 3310 reaches and passes the low-E glass 33 and 32 are arrive space S1. Because most of the visible sunlight did not absorb by 31 0, 3120 and 3310, so the brightness in the space S1 is almost no change comparing with before upgrading.
  • the solar heat absorbed in low-E glass and in 3310 can be transferred to space for heating or to surroundings for cooling the space S1.
  • This low-E glass upgrading only need to add: a transparent solar electricity cell (glass 21 with coatings), a fluid channel 35 with fan and controller plus a transparent solar thermal coating 3310 on the surface of the glass 33.
  • the benefit of the upgrading include: solar energy generated electricity, much higher solar thermal application efficiency and the brightness in the space is almost no change.
  • the glass 31 has only one coating in one side or no any coating.
  • a spacer 35 replaces the fluid channel, that means there is no fluid channel for the unit 30.
  • the glass 31 also can arrange in the back of the low-E glass and closer to the space S1 for a very hot weather area. There are more designs to increase the solar energy efficiency for a low-E glass. Here will not enumerate them.
  • Fig. 3 also can show a new translucent space shell unit 30.
  • Two transparent solar electricity cells 3110 and 3120 are arranged on the two sides 311 and 312 of the glass 31.
  • a solar thermal and electricity integrated coating 3310 e.g. PV cell or organic solar electricity cell
  • Solar electricity connections 301 and 302 are arranged to transfer the generated electricity from 31 and 33 to user.
  • the connections 301 and 302 may further comprise a DC/AC converter and a controller.
  • a transparent solar thermal coating arranged on 332.
  • the coated side may also include the side 322 depending on the local weather condition. When sunlight shine on the unit 30, the transparent solar electricity coatings 31 0 and 3120 absorb solar energy and convert it to electricity.
  • the absorbed solar energy is mainly from UV and near infrared spectrum.
  • the solar thermal and electricity integrated coating 3310 absorbs solar energy and convert it to electricity and solar heat. Part of the visible sunlight converts to electricity and solar heat, other sunlight pass through 3310.
  • the generated electricity passes through the connections 301 and 302 including the converters and controllers for use.
  • the transparent solar thermal coating 3320 (or plus 3220) absorbs the solar heat mainly from the infrared spectra of the rest sunlight. Then the part of visible sunlight gets into the space S1.
  • the absorbed heat in hollow space 38 is controlled by automatic controller and passes through the gates 3601 and 3602 (the gaps like 3501 and 3502, but did not show in Fig.3) for heating or cooling the space s1.
  • unit 30 of this example there are many variants of unit 30 of this example.
  • the best way is to arrange the two solar thermal coatings on the two sides 331 and 332 of the middle transparent material 33. So all the solar heat absorbed by unit 30 can be stored in two hollow spaces 37 and 38 for heating or cooling the space.
  • the solar heat absorbing capabilities of two coatings 3310 and 3320 bases on how much solar heat that the space S1 needs to receive.
  • the glasses 31 and 32 can have or have no solar electricity coating (including solar electricity and thermal integrated coating).
  • the glass 31 has only one coating in one side or no any coating on two sides.
  • a spacer 35 replaces the fluid channel 35. This means there is no fluid channel for the unit 30.
  • glass 31 is a laminated glass and has a transparent solar electricity cell 3110 in the interlayer of glass 31.
  • a transparent solar electricity coat 3120 may or may not arrange on the side 312.
  • the glass 33 is a laminated glass. 33 has a solar electricity and thermal integrated coating 3310 (e.g. PV cell or organic solar electricity cell) in the interlayer of glass 31.
  • a transparent solar thermal coating 3320 may be arranged on the side 332.
  • the fluid channel or spacer 35, frame 39 and electricity connection 301 are all the same as mentioned in 2 of Fig. 3.
  • the operation processing also can copy the processing mentioned in example 2 of Fig. 3.
  • the difference is the solar energy coatings get protection and the glasses are strong for tower building.
  • the glass 32 may or may not exist. If it is exist, 35 can be a spacer and 36 can be a fluid channel.
  • the coat material may integrate with the interlayer material for lamination.
  • a transparent solar thermal coating can be added to the side of 311 to absorb the solar heat in a hot weather area.
  • Transparent solar thermal coatings also can arranged on the sides of 312 and 331 , if there is a fluid channel to transfer the heat from hollow space 37. C. In a cool weather area, the transparent solar thermal coatings need to move to the sides 332, or 322 and 321.
  • any glass or transparent polymer can be a laminated glass or polymer. Any separated glass or polymer with coatings also can put together and be laminated.
  • the laminated glass or polymer if the interlayer has no solar absorbing material, it is tread as a single layer transparent material. Some of the solar absorbing coatings may be laminated in the interlayer of two transparent materials, e.g. glass or polymer. In this case, if the solar absorber material is only one material, it is treaded as to apply in one side of the transparent material. If two or more solar absorb material are laminated in transparent materials, the one laminated material should be tread as two transparent material have two inner sides. In this case one laminated glass can be treated as two glasses with four sides.
  • Fig. 1 , 2 and 3 some coating materials may have a protection material formed in the curing processing, or they are self- protected. This means the protection is integrated with the coatings. It is not necessary to point out specially. But PV cell usually needs a protection or is laminated in a glass structure.

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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication et/ou un ensemble coque translucide d'espace utilisant au moins des premier et second matériaux thermiques solaires différents, appliqués sélectivement sur au moins deux côtés différents d'au moins un matériau transparent afin d'absorber de l'énergie solaire pour chauffer et refroidir ledit espace, ou en outre pour produire de l'électricité solaire. Les premier et second matériaux thermiques solaires sont translucides. Le rapport de l'énergie thermique solaire absorbée entre les premier et second matériaux thermiques solaires dépend de la quantité de chaleur solaire nécessaire devant être reçue par l'espace.
PCT/CA2016/000085 2016-03-30 2016-03-30 Ensemble coque translucide d'espace pour économie d'énergie solaire WO2017165937A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CA2016/000085 WO2017165937A1 (fr) 2016-03-30 2016-03-30 Ensemble coque translucide d'espace pour économie d'énergie solaire
AU2017243885A AU2017243885A1 (en) 2016-03-30 2017-03-29 High efficient space shell solar energy unit
MX2018011976A MX2018011976A (es) 2016-03-30 2017-03-29 Unidad de energia solar para espacios existentes de alta eficiencia.
KR1020187031517A KR20190102982A (ko) 2016-03-30 2017-03-29 고효율 공간 쉘 태양 에너지 장치
EP17772890.4A EP3436753A1 (fr) 2016-03-30 2017-03-29 Unité d'énergie solaire à coque spatiale à haut rendement
CN201780021686.4A CN109073276A (zh) 2016-03-30 2017-03-29 高效的空间壳太阳能装置
BR112018069981A BR112018069981A2 (pt) 2016-03-30 2017-03-29 unidade de energia solar de invólucro de espaço de alta eficiência.
PCT/CA2017/000068 WO2017165955A1 (fr) 2016-03-30 2017-03-29 Unité d'énergie solaire à coque spatiale à haut rendement
US16/089,652 US20190131924A1 (en) 2016-03-30 2017-03-29 High efficient space shell solar energy unit

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PCT/CA2016/000085 WO2017165937A1 (fr) 2016-03-30 2016-03-30 Ensemble coque translucide d'espace pour économie d'énergie solaire

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014000079A1 (fr) * 2012-06-27 2014-01-03 W&E International (Canada) Corp. Collecteur de chaleur solaire du type à verre isolant et bâtiment utilisant l'énergie solaire pour le chauffage et le refroidissement utilisant celui-ci

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014000079A1 (fr) * 2012-06-27 2014-01-03 W&E International (Canada) Corp. Collecteur de chaleur solaire du type à verre isolant et bâtiment utilisant l'énergie solaire pour le chauffage et le refroidissement utilisant celui-ci

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