WO2013178446A1 - Procédé de préchauffage d'air pour des chaudières à vapeur et dispositif pour mettre en œuvre ce procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de préchauffage d'air pour des chaudières à vapeur et dispositif pour mettre en œuvre ce procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013178446A1
WO2013178446A1 PCT/EP2013/059650 EP2013059650W WO2013178446A1 WO 2013178446 A1 WO2013178446 A1 WO 2013178446A1 EP 2013059650 W EP2013059650 W EP 2013059650W WO 2013178446 A1 WO2013178446 A1 WO 2013178446A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
exhaust gas
air
temperature
feedwater
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/059650
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Alexander Michel
Matthias Raisch
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2013178446A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013178446A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F22D1/36—Water and air preheating systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for air preheating of steam boilers according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for carrying out the method according to claim 7.
  • Such an additional heating circuit is relatively complex and requires, for example, an additional pump and an expansion element. Accordingly, the cost of air preheating and for the production of the system is relatively high.
  • the invention is based on the object to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular to provide a method for air preheating, which requires only a few components, so that it can be realized with little effort and cost. According to the invention, this object is achieved with the features of claim 1. Furthermore, the object is achieved with the features of claim 7. Advantageous developments can be found in the dependent claims.
  • the method is characterized in that a feedwater part is branched off in front of the steam boiler and passed through the air heat exchanger.
  • the feed water is at elevated temperature, for example, about 90 ° C or about 103 ° C from an upstream system, such as a degassing, based.
  • the branched feedwater portion is then used to heat the supplied air which is heated, for example, from about 25 ° C to 65 ° C. Although this results in a cooling of the branched feedwater portion, but it can be dispensed with an additional complete heating circuit.
  • the effort to preheat the steam boiler guided air is kept low.
  • the feedwater is heated in front of the boiler in a first exhaust gas heat exchanger from a first temperature to a second temperature, wherein the feedwater portion is branched off before the first exhaust gas heat exchanger.
  • the heat energy contained in the exhaust gas of the boiler is therefore transferred in the first exhaust gas heat exchanger to the supplied feed water and used to heat the feedwater.
  • an improvement in the efficiency of the system and on the other hand by the cooling of the exhaust gas a reduction in the temperatures in the exhaust system. This allows the use of low cost materials and reduces the requirements for contact protection.
  • a third temperature of the feedwater portion after the air heat exchanger is used as a controlled variable for the amount of diverted feedwater portion.
  • the third temperature of the feed water part after exiting the air heat exchanger is regulated or ensures the maintenance of a minimum value. This is achieved by regulating the amount of diverted feed water part accordingly.
  • the feedwater portion is guided in the flow direction behind the air heat exchanger through a second exhaust gas heat exchanger, which is connected downstream of the first exhaust gas heat exchanger.
  • a second exhaust gas heat exchanger In the second exhaust gas heat exchanger while heat energy of the exhaust gas is transferred to the feedwater part and this is heated while the exhaust gases are cooled. Since the feedwater portion prior to entering the second exhaust gas heat exchanger has a lower temperature than the feedwater portion, which is introduced into the first exhaust gas heat exchanger, despite the previous cooling of the exhaust gas in the first exhaust gas heat exchanger, a further release of heat energy to the feedwater part. The efficiency of the system is thus further increased.
  • the feedwater portion is increased in the second exhaust gas heat exchanger to a fourth temperature which is approximately equal to the first temperature.
  • the temperature of the feedwater part is thus increased so far that it corresponds approximately to the original temperature of the feedwater.
  • the feed water temperature supplied to the boiler will then not be different from conventional methods in which no feed water part is diverted.
  • the steam boiler can therefore be operated in the usual way.
  • the feedwater part is supplied to the other feed water before the first exhaust heat storage.
  • This is also a heating of the branched feedwater portion in the first exhaust gas heat exchanger, so that therefore the total amount of feed water supplied is passed through the first exhaust gas heat exchanger and is introduced at a uniform temperature in the boiler. This ensures that the entire amount of supplied feed water is used to absorb energy from the exhaust gases.
  • feed water is supplied to the boiler only when operating a burner.
  • a feed pump that feeds the feed water to the steam boiler is, for example, connected in synchronism with the burner in the steam boiler. This pump only runs if the burner is also operated in the steam boiler. This avoids unnecessary operation of the pump and thus saves energy.
  • a device for carrying out the method which has a steam boiler and an air heat exchanger, wherein a feed line leads to the steam boiler, from which a branch line goes out, which is connected to the air heat exchanger.
  • a feed line leads to the steam boiler, from which a branch line goes out, which is connected to the air heat exchanger.
  • a heating of the supplied air in the air heat exchanger takes place by heat transfer from the guided through the branch line to the air heat exchanger feedwater part.
  • the feed water is supplied at an elevated temperature of for example 90 or 103 ° C, so that a sufficient heating of the supplied air in the air heat exchanger can be achieved.
  • This procedure makes it possible to dispense with an additional heating circuit with corresponding components.
  • the structure of the device is therefore kept very simple and uncomplicated. This can be done with little effort mounting the device.
  • a first exhaust gas heat exchanger is arranged in the feed line, wherein the branch line branches off in the flow direction in front of the first exhaust gas heat exchanger.
  • the feed water part is thus guided to the air heat exchanger before the feed water enters the first exhaust gas heat exchanger.
  • heat energy is transferred from exhaust gases of the steam boiler to the feed water so that it can be fed to the steam boiler at a further elevated temperature.
  • the exhaust gases of the boiler are cooled and the efficiency increased.
  • the branch line is connected via an adjustable three-way valve to the feed line.
  • the amount of feed water, which is guided as feedwater via the branch line to the air heat exchanger can be set relatively accurately. This makes it easy to regulate how much heat is transferred to the supplied air in the air heat exchanger.
  • a return between the air heat exchanger and the feed line is formed, which opens in the flow direction in front of the first exhaust gas heat exchanger in the feed line.
  • the branched feedwater part is thus introduced after the air heat exchanger back into the feed line.
  • the full amount is fed to feed water to the first exhaust gas heat exchanger and there can absorb heat energy from the exhaust gas of the boiler.
  • it ensures that the feed water is fed to the boiler at a uniform temperature.
  • a second exhaust gas heat exchanger is arranged in the return. With the help of the second exhaust gas heat exchanger, further heat energy can be transferred from the exhaust gas to the feed water, in this case to the diverted feedwater part.
  • the branched feedwater part Since the branched feedwater part has a lower temperature than the feedwater fed to the first exhaust gas heat exchanger, a sufficient amount of heat can still be transferred in the second heat exchanger despite the heat emission of the exhaust gas in the first heat exchanger.
  • the temperature of the feedwater part can be increased again so far that it corresponds to the original feedwater temperature in about. Overall, on the one hand, a good cooling of the exhaust gases and, on the other hand, the efficiency of the device is increased.
  • a temperature sensor is arranged in the return and / or in the second exhaust gas heat exchanger.
  • the temperature of the feedwater part can be monitored after the air heat exchanger. For example, it can be ensured that the feedwater part is not introduced into the second exhaust gas heat exchanger at too low a temperature.
  • the second exhaust gas heat exchanger for example, as a so-called black heat exchanger, ie as a non-alloyed heat exchanger, be formed, which is used only at water inlet temperatures greater than 60 ° C or above the Abgastauddling of the fuels used (avoiding corrosion by occurring exhaust gas condensate).
  • the temperature sensor can now be monitored that the temperature of the feedwater portion before the second exhaust gas heat exchanger does not exceed this temperature. In this case, the temperature can be controlled by regulating the amount of the feedwater portion that is branched off.
  • the air heat exchanger is connected to the steam boiler via an air supply line.
  • the device comprises a control device which controls an amount of the feedwater branched off via the branch line as a function of the temperature of the branched feedwater downstream of the air heat exchanger.
  • This control can be done for example by appropriate control of the three-way valve.
  • the control device can ensure that the temperature of the feedwater part, which is guided into the second exhaust gas heat exchanger, does not assume any excessively low values.
  • the control device can take on other tasks, for example, ensure that a pump that delivers the feed water is only in operation when a burner of the boiler is in operation. Overall, this gives a good degree of efficiency.
  • a feed water control valve is arranged in the feed line (downstream of the feed pump). This ensures a steady inflow of feed water to the boiler. This is advantageous for effective operation.
  • the invention will be described below with reference to a preferred embodiment in conjunction with the drawings.
  • the single figure shows a schematic structure of the device.
  • a device (1) which has a steam boiler (2) which is supplied via a feed line (3) with feed water.
  • the feed water has an elevated first temperature of for example 90 ° C or 103 ° C and is obtained from an upstream plant, such as a degassing plant.
  • a first exhaust gas heat exchanger (4) is arranged, are transferred to the feed water in the heat energy of exhaust gases flowing from the steam boiler (2).
  • the feed water is heated in the first exhaust gas heat exchanger (4), for example, to a second temperature.
  • a three-way valve (5) is arranged, from which a branch line (6) goes out, which leads to an air heat exchanger (7).
  • the air heat exchanger (7) heat energy from a feedwater portion, which is passed through the branch line (6), transmitted to supply air, which is fed via a supply line (8) to the air heat exchanger (7) and to the steam boiler (2).
  • the supply air has a first air temperature, which corresponds for example to the ambient temperature of about 25 ° C and is heated in the air heat exchanger (7) to a second air temperature of for example 65 ° C.
  • the fed through the air heat exchanger (7) feedwater portion is cooled in the air heat exchanger (7) to a third temperature of, for example, 60 ° C and fed via a return (9) back into the feed line (3).
  • a second exhaust gas heat exchanger (10) is arranged, in which the feedwater part is heated to a fourth temperature which corresponds approximately to the first temperature.
  • the feedwater part absorbs further heat energy from the exhaust gases.
  • the second exhaust gas heat exchanger (10) is flowed through by the exhaust gases only after the first exhaust gas heat exchanger (4).
  • the first exhaust gas heat exchanger (4) and the second exhaust gas heat exchanger (10) will be designed as a combined heat exchanger, wherein the first exhaust gas heat exchanger through a lower part and the second exhaust gas heat exchanger (4) by an upper part (ie downstream of the first exhaust gas heat exchanger) is formed ,
  • the return (9) opens before the first exhaust gas heat exchanger (4) in the feed line (3), so that the entire part of the feed water is passed through the first exhaust gas heat exchanger (4).
  • the feedwater has a fourth temperature and is introduced at this temperature in the boiler (2).
  • the steam boiler (2) then takes place an increase to boiling temperature and the evaporation of the feedwater.
  • the generated steam is discharged via the steam line (1 1).
  • a temperature sensor (12) is arranged, with which the temperature of the feedwater part is monitored in the feedback.
  • This temperature can be used as a controlled variable to regulate the amount of diverted feedwater part. This can ensure that the temperature of the feedwater part in the return before entering the second exhaust gas heat exchanger (10) is above a minimum temperature, so that the exhaust gas heat exchanger (10) can be relatively easily removed. For example, it does not have to have any particular resistance to corrosive exhaust gas condensate.
  • the three-way valve (5) with a motor (13) is provided, which is controlled by a control device (18).
  • the control device (18) the amount of branched-off feed water is regulated as a function of the temperature of the feedwater in the recirculation (9) determined by the temperature sensor.
  • Fuel passes through a fuel supply (15) to the burner (14).
  • the amount of fuel is controlled by a fuel control device (17).
  • the amount of supplied air is regulated via an air control device (16).
  • a preheating of the supply air does not take place via an additional heating circuit, but rather through part of the supplied feed water.
  • this part of the feed water is diverted and passed through an air heat exchanger, so that heat energy is transferred from the feed water to the supply air.
  • this feed water part is reheated by absorbing heat energy from exhaust gases of the steam boiler, before the feedwater part is reunited with the rest of the feed water.
  • the entire feed water is then passed through an exhaust gas heat exchanger and heated there in the usual way by the exhaust gases.
  • This procedure results in a simple concept with low heating surfaces and low equipment costs and installation costs. For example, eliminates a separate heating circuit with pump and expansion element completely. A good and fast response to load changes of the steam boiler is possible.
  • By monitoring to a minimum water inlet temperature in the second exhaust gas heat exchanger results in a high degree of safety against condensation of the flue gases or exhaust gases and thus against destruction of the second exhaust gas heat exchanger, which must therefore not be designed as an alloyed heat exchanger. Due to the small number of components results in fewer sources of error and thus increased reliability. In particular, a lower temperature of the exhaust gas is obtained, whereby the problem of protection against contact is simplified by high surface temperatures.
  • the feedwater portion can then be reheated by already cooled in the first exhaust gas heat exchanger exhaust gases. Overall, this results not only in a simplified structure, but also a reduction in the exhaust gas temperature. This increases the efficiency of the steam boiler and reduces fuel consumption.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de préchauffage d'air pour des chaudières à vapeur et un dispositif pour mettre en œuvre ce procédé. Ce procédé consiste à fournir de l'eau d'alimentation et de l'air d'alimentation à une chaudière à vapeur (2), l'air étant chauffé d'une première température à une deuxième température dans un échangeur de chaleur pour air (7). Pour simplifier la structure et améliorer le rendement, une partie de l'eau d'alimentation est dérivée de la conduite d'alimentation (3) et guidée à travers l'échangeur de chaleur pour air (7) de sorte que de l'énergie thermique soit transférée de l'eau d'alimentation à l'air d'alimentation.
PCT/EP2013/059650 2012-05-31 2013-05-08 Procédé de préchauffage d'air pour des chaudières à vapeur et dispositif pour mettre en œuvre ce procédé WO2013178446A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012010649 2012-05-31
DE102012010649.1 2012-05-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013178446A1 true WO2013178446A1 (fr) 2013-12-05

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PCT/EP2013/059650 WO2013178446A1 (fr) 2012-05-31 2013-05-08 Procédé de préchauffage d'air pour des chaudières à vapeur et dispositif pour mettre en œuvre ce procédé

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WO (1) WO2013178446A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3540309A1 (fr) * 2018-03-12 2019-09-18 Bono Energia S.p.A. Système et procédé de récupération d'énergie à haute efficacité pour chaudières industrielles ou générateurs de vapeur
EP4056668A1 (fr) 2021-03-10 2022-09-14 Linde GmbH Procédé et installation de vapocraquage

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB932398A (en) * 1960-03-25 1963-07-24 Babcock & Wilcox Ltd Improvements in or relating to vapour turbine plant
DE2243380A1 (de) * 1972-09-04 1974-03-14 Kraftwerk Union Ag Dampfkraftanlage mit rauchgasbeheiztem speisewasservorwaermer und wasserbeheiztem luftvorwaermer
DE102004020223A1 (de) * 2004-04-22 2005-11-10 Erk Eckrohrkessel Gmbh Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Verbesserung des Wirkungsgrades von Kesselanlagen
US20100229805A1 (en) * 2009-03-10 2010-09-16 Cerney Brian J Integrated split stream water coil air heater and economizer (iwe)
EP2249079A2 (fr) * 2009-04-27 2010-11-10 Interesco S.r.l. Méthode et appareil pour améliorer l'efficience d'un générateur de chaleur pour une utilisation industrielle et domestique
WO2010136795A2 (fr) * 2009-05-27 2010-12-02 Doosan Power Systems Limited Module de récupération de chaleur

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB932398A (en) * 1960-03-25 1963-07-24 Babcock & Wilcox Ltd Improvements in or relating to vapour turbine plant
DE2243380A1 (de) * 1972-09-04 1974-03-14 Kraftwerk Union Ag Dampfkraftanlage mit rauchgasbeheiztem speisewasservorwaermer und wasserbeheiztem luftvorwaermer
DE102004020223A1 (de) * 2004-04-22 2005-11-10 Erk Eckrohrkessel Gmbh Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Verbesserung des Wirkungsgrades von Kesselanlagen
US20100229805A1 (en) * 2009-03-10 2010-09-16 Cerney Brian J Integrated split stream water coil air heater and economizer (iwe)
EP2249079A2 (fr) * 2009-04-27 2010-11-10 Interesco S.r.l. Méthode et appareil pour améliorer l'efficience d'un générateur de chaleur pour une utilisation industrielle et domestique
WO2010136795A2 (fr) * 2009-05-27 2010-12-02 Doosan Power Systems Limited Module de récupération de chaleur

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3540309A1 (fr) * 2018-03-12 2019-09-18 Bono Energia S.p.A. Système et procédé de récupération d'énergie à haute efficacité pour chaudières industrielles ou générateurs de vapeur
EP4056668A1 (fr) 2021-03-10 2022-09-14 Linde GmbH Procédé et installation de vapocraquage
WO2022189421A1 (fr) 2021-03-10 2022-09-15 Linde Gmbh Procédé et installation de vapocraquage

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