WO2013161100A1 - 二酸化炭素の回収方法及び回収装置 - Google Patents
二酸化炭素の回収方法及び回収装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013161100A1 WO2013161100A1 PCT/JP2012/076496 JP2012076496W WO2013161100A1 WO 2013161100 A1 WO2013161100 A1 WO 2013161100A1 JP 2012076496 W JP2012076496 W JP 2012076496W WO 2013161100 A1 WO2013161100 A1 WO 2013161100A1
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- absorption
- regeneration
- liquid
- carbon dioxide
- flow path
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 330
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 462
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 386
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 386
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 376
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 93
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 58
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- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 93
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 26
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- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
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- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229940058020 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- CBTVGIZVANVGBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminomethyl propanol Chemical compound CC(C)(N)CO CBTVGIZVANVGBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 4
- CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 3
- ITQTTZVARXURQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CN=C1 ITQTTZVARXURQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000007514 bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- CAWHJQAVHZEVTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylpyrazine Chemical compound CC1=CN=CC=N1 CAWHJQAVHZEVTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- RXYPXQSKLGGKOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dimethylpiperazine Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)CC1 RXYPXQSKLGGKOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSMWYRLQHIXVAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dimethylpiperazine Chemical compound CC1CNC(C)CN1 NSMWYRLQHIXVAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIJDSYMOBYNHOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(ethylamino)ethanol Chemical compound CCNCCO MIJDSYMOBYNHOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RILLZYSZSDGYGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(propan-2-ylamino)ethanol Chemical compound CC(C)NCCO RILLZYSZSDGYGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOMNTHCQHJPVAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpiperazine Chemical compound CC1CNCCN1 JOMNTHCQHJPVAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSSFSAGQNGRBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-piperazin-2-ylethanol Chemical compound OCCC1CNCCN1 DSSFSAGQNGRBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPKOKAMJFNKNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylethanolamine Chemical compound CNCCO OPKOKAMJFNKNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 cyclic amine Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012971 dimethylpiperazine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- YYROCZQCWNIJNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methylpiperidin-2-amine Chemical compound CNC1CCCCN1 YYROCZQCWNIJNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- WNUMKDXJNNTPIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperazin-2-ylmethanamine Chemical compound NCC1CNCCN1 WNUMKDXJNNTPIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1406—Multiple stage absorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1425—Regeneration of liquid absorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
- B01D53/1475—Removing carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/96—Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/50—Carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a carbon dioxide recovery method and recovery device for separating and recovering carbon dioxide from a gas containing carbon dioxide such as combustion gas and reducing clean gas to the atmosphere.
- the absorbent In the chemical absorption method, mainly alkanolamine-based basic compounds are used as the absorbent.
- an aqueous liquid containing the absorbent is generally used as the absorbent, and carbon dioxide contained in the gas is absorbed into the absorbent.
- the absorbing solution is circulated so as to alternately repeat the absorbing step to be performed and the regeneration step of regenerating the absorbing solution by releasing the absorbed carbon dioxide from the absorbing solution (see, for example, Patent Document 1 below).
- heating for releasing carbon dioxide is necessary, and in order to reduce the operating cost of carbon dioxide recovery, it is important to reduce the energy required for heating / cooling for regeneration.
- Patent Document 2 For the purpose of reducing energy required for recovering carbon dioxide from the absorbing liquid, in Patent Document 2 below, steam condensed water generated from a regenerative heater for extracting the absorbing liquid in the regeneration process and exchanging heat with high-temperature steam is used. The remaining heat is used for heating the absorbent. Furthermore, in the following Patent Document 3, it is described that a stripping gas is introduced so as to accompany carbon dioxide in order to promote the release of absorbed carbon dioxide. Further, in Patent Document 4 below, the energy required for heating is reduced by heating to high or low temperatures using two regeneration towers and supplying the absorption liquid regenerated at low temperatures to the interruption of the absorption tower. Describe.
- the energy required in the regeneration process includes sensible heat required to raise the temperature of the absorbing solution, reaction heat when releasing carbon dioxide from the absorbing solution, and latent heat to compensate for heat loss due to moisture evaporation of the absorbing solution. is there.
- the above-described prior art is a technique related to sensible heat or reaction heat, and energy related to latent heat is discharged together with water vapor contained in the recovered carbon dioxide. Therefore, there is still room for improvement in energy efficiency.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a carbon dioxide recovery method and a recovery apparatus that can solve the above-described problems and reduce the energy required for regenerating the absorbing liquid to reduce the operation cost.
- Another object of the present invention is to reduce the burden on the apparatus and the absorption liquid, reduce the energy required for regeneration of the absorption liquid without reducing the carbon dioxide recovery rate, and reduce the carbon dioxide recovery cost. It is to provide a carbon recovery method and a recovery apparatus.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a carbon dioxide recovery device having a configuration capable of realizing improvement in energy efficiency related to regeneration of an absorbing solution by changing an existing carbon dioxide recovery device.
- each of the absorption process and the regeneration process is divided into at least two stages, and the absorption liquid is used using a circulation system that partially divides and merges. It has been found that it is configured to carry out two carbon dioxide absorption / recovery cycles by circulating the gas, and the present invention has been completed.
- the carbon dioxide recovery device is an absorption tower that causes gas to contact the absorption liquid and absorb the carbon dioxide contained in the gas into the absorption liquid, the first absorption section and the second absorption.
- the absorption tower arranged to be supplied to the second absorption section through the first absorption section, and the absorption liquid that has absorbed carbon dioxide in the absorption tower,
- a regeneration tower for regenerating by releasing carbon dioxide, comprising a first regeneration unit and a second regeneration unit, wherein the first regeneration unit has external heating means, and the second regeneration unit is the first regeneration
- the regeneration tower arranged to be heated by the heat of the gas released from the part, a circulation system for circulating the absorbent between the second absorption part and the first regeneration part, and the circulation system A part of the absorption liquid circulating through the first absorption part and the second regeneration part from the second absorption part.
- a circulating mechanism having a tributary system branching from the circulation system to face the first reproduction unit via the following.
- the method for recovering carbon dioxide is an absorption process in which gas is brought into contact with an absorbing liquid and carbon dioxide contained in the gas is absorbed into the absorbing liquid. 2 absorption steps, and the gas heats the absorption treatment supplied to the second absorption step through the first absorption step and the absorption liquid that has absorbed carbon dioxide in the absorption treatment to release carbon dioxide.
- the first regeneration step and the second regeneration step wherein the first regeneration step is heated using an external heating means, and the second regeneration step is performed in the first regeneration step.
- the recovery efficiency of heat used for regeneration of the absorbing liquid is improved, and the thermal energy required for regeneration is reduced without reducing the recovery rate of carbon dioxide. Therefore, it is possible to provide a carbon dioxide recovery method and a recovery device that are effective in reducing operation costs. Since one absorption liquid circulates, it is easy to detect and adjust the concentration fluctuation of the absorption liquid in circulation, and it is possible to easily cope with a change in condition setting according to the gas content fluctuation. Since the energy efficiency is high and it is easy to set and change the processing conditions, the absorbing liquid can be used stably, which is effective in reducing the operating cost and the equipment maintenance cost. It is economically advantageous because it does not require special equipment or expensive equipment, can be carried out simply by utilizing general equipment, and can be carried out by adding a configuration based on existing equipment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of a carbon dioxide recovery apparatus according to the present invention.
- the schematic block diagram which shows 2nd Embodiment of the collection
- the schematic block diagram which shows 3rd Embodiment of the collection
- the schematic block diagram which shows 4th Embodiment of the collection
- the schematic block diagram which shows 6th Embodiment of the collection
- absorption treatment that absorbs carbon dioxide contained in the gas into a low-temperature absorption liquid and high-temperature regeneration that regenerates the absorption liquid by releasing the absorbed carbon dioxide from the absorption liquid
- the absorption liquid is circulated between the treatments, and the absorption treatment and the regeneration treatment are alternately repeated.
- the regeneration rate of the absorbent in the regeneration process depends on the heating temperature of the absorbent, and the higher the temperature, the more carbon dioxide gas is released and the residual carbon dioxide concentration in the absorbent becomes lower (see: Jong I. Lee, Frederick D. Otto and Alan E. Mather, "EquilibriumetBetween carbon Dioxide and Aqueous Monoethanolamine Solutions", J.sappl.
- the absorbing liquid in the regeneration process is maintained near the boiling temperature by external heating means using thermal energy supplied from an external heat source.
- the high-temperature regenerated absorbent (lean liquid) that has released carbon dioxide in the regeneration process exchanges heat with the absorbent (rich liquid) that has absorbed carbon dioxide in the absorption process, so that the heated rich liquid is supplied to the regenerative process. Heat energy is recovered and reused.
- the gas containing carbon dioxide released from the absorbing solution in the regeneration process is discharged in a high temperature state including the heat, and the amount of heat contained in the exhaust gas is wasted.
- the temperature of the exhaust gas can be lowered, that is, the temperature at the top of the regeneration tower can be lowered by lowering the heat exchange rate between the rich liquid and the lean liquid, but the sensible heat recovered in the heat exchange is reduced. Therefore, it does not contribute to the reduction of heat.
- the absorption process and the regeneration process are each divided into two stages to constitute two sets of the absorption process and the regeneration process.
- the circulation path for circulating the absorption liquid is separated into two paths, the heat exchange rate is reduced. Without lowering, the amount of heat contained in the exhaust gas can be used to regenerate the absorbing liquid.
- the semi-rich liquid that has undergone the absorption treatment at the upper part of the absorption tower is actively heated using an external energy source at the lower part of the regeneration tower to sufficiently regenerate the lean liquid, and refluxed to the upper part of the absorption tower.
- the rich liquid that has sufficiently absorbed carbon dioxide through the absorption treatment at the lower part of the absorption tower is heated using the heat released and recovered from the gas in the upper part of the regeneration tower to regenerate it into a semi-lean liquid and reflux to the lower part of the absorption tower.
- the circulation paths of the two absorption liquids are independent from each other, but the concentration of the two absorption liquids is increased when the condensed water vapor of water vapor evaporated from one of the absorption liquids is transferred to the other absorption liquid. Is prone to occur. This point can be corrected by using the water recovered from the exhaust gas of each column, but an improved measure that can eliminate this point has been found.
- a circulation mechanism configured as one of the two circulation paths described above as a branch flow path that branches from the other circulation path and joins is adopted. That is, the two circulation paths are partially coupled, and the concentration variation of the absorbing solution that may occur in the branched portion is eliminated by merging.
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the carbon dioxide recovery apparatus of the present invention.
- the recovery device 1 is configured to bring the gas G containing carbon dioxide into contact with the absorption liquid and absorb the carbon dioxide into the absorption liquid, and heat the absorption liquid that has absorbed the carbon dioxide to release the carbon dioxide from the absorption liquid.
- a regeneration tower 20 for regenerating the absorbent.
- the absorption tower 10 and the regeneration tower 20 are each configured as a countercurrent gas-liquid contact device, and are filled with fillers 11 and 21 for increasing the contact area.
- an aqueous liquid containing a compound having an affinity for carbon dioxide such as alkanolamines as an absorbent is used.
- the fillers 11 and 21 are made of a material having durability at a processing temperature and corrosion resistance, and can be appropriately selected and used in a shape capable of providing a desired contact area. Although those made of an iron-based metal material such as steel are used, it is not particularly limited thereto. Furthermore, if necessary, a cooling tower for maintaining the gas G supplied to the absorption tower 10 at a low temperature suitable for carbon dioxide absorption may be provided.
- the gas G containing carbon dioxide is supplied from the lower part of the absorption tower 10.
- the inside of the absorption tower 10 is partitioned into a lower first absorption part 12a in which the filler 11a is accommodated and an upper second absorption part 12b in which the filler 11b is accommodated, and the first absorption part 12a and the second absorption part 12b.
- a partition member 13 having a tubular wall standing on the periphery of the central hole of the horizontal annular plate is interposed between the absorber 12b and a shade covering the upper end hole of the tubular wall of the partition member 13 so that the absorption tower 10
- a liquid pool is formed on the horizontal annular plate between the inner wall of the partition member 13 and the tubular wall of the partition member 13.
- the absorption liquid when supplied from the upper part of the second absorption part 12b of the absorption tower 10, it is stored in the liquid pool of the partition member 13 after flowing down the filler 11b, and does not flow down to the first absorption part.
- L1 is led out of the tower and stored in the tank 14.
- the flow path of the absorption liquid branches in the tank 14.
- the flow path L 2 connects the tank 14 and the central part of the regeneration tower 20
- the flow path L 3 connects the tank 14 and the central part of the absorption tower 10.
- the absorption liquid in the tank 14 is divided, one is supplied to the regeneration tower 20 by the pump 16 through the flow path L2, and the other absorption liquid is supplied to the first absorption section 12a of the absorption tower 10 through the flow path L3. After being supplied to the upper part and flowing down the filler 11a, it is stored in the bottom 10 of the absorption tower.
- a vent pipe V ⁇ b> 1 communicating with the second absorption part is connected to the top part of the tank 14, and a cooler 15 and a pump 17 for cooling the absorption liquid are connected to the flow path L ⁇ b> 3. Is provided.
- the gas G sequentially comes into gas-liquid contact with the absorbing liquid while passing through the fillers 11a and 11b, and the carbon dioxide in the gas G is absorbed by the absorbing liquid. Since the carbon dioxide concentration of the gas after passing through the first absorption portion 12a has decreased, the absorption liquid supplied to the second absorption portion 12b comes into contact with a gas having a lower carbon dioxide concentration than the gas G.
- Absorbing liquid A2 ′ absorbed in the second absorption part 12b and stored in the liquid pool of the partition member 13 is a semi-rich liquid, and a part of the absorbing liquid A2 ′ is supplied from the tank 14 to the regeneration tower 20 through the flow path L2.
- the remaining portion is diverted from the tank 14 and supplied to the first absorption portion 12a via the cooler 15 to absorb the carbon dioxide to become a rich liquid, which is stored at the bottom of the absorption tower 10.
- the absorption liquid (rich liquid) A1 at the bottom of the absorption tower 10 is supplied by the pump 18 to the regeneration tower 20 through a flow path L4 that connects the bottom of the absorption tower 10 and the top of the regeneration tower 20.
- the gas G ′ from which carbon dioxide has been removed is discharged from the top of the absorption tower 10.
- a cooling condensing unit 19 for condensing water vapor or the like that can be contained in the gas G ′ is provided at the top of the absorption tower 10 as necessary. Thereby, it can suppress to some extent that water vapor
- a cooler 31 and a pump 32 attached outside the absorption tower, and a part of condensed water (including gas G ′ in the tower) stored under the cooling condensing unit 19 is included. Is good) is circulated between the cooler 31 and the pump 32.
- Condensed water or the like cooled by the cooler 31 and supplied to the top of the tower maintains the cooling condensing unit 19 at a low temperature and reliably cools the gas G ′ passing through the cooling condensing unit 19.
- the drive of the pump 32 is controlled so that the temperature of the gas G ′ discharged to the outside of the tower is preferably about 60 ° C. or less, more preferably 45 ° C. or less.
- the water condensed in the cooling condensing unit 19 is supplied to the packing material 11b, but the condensed water can be used to compensate for the composition variation of the absorbing liquid in the tower, so that the absorbing liquid can be used as necessary.
- the concentration composition may be detected and condensed water may be supplied to the fillers 11a and 11b according to the concentration fluctuation.
- the regeneration tower 20 is partitioned into a lower first regeneration unit 22a in which the filler 21a is accommodated and an upper second regeneration unit 22b in which the filler 21b is accommodated, and the first regeneration unit 22a and the second regeneration unit 22b.
- a partition member 23 that forms a liquid pool with a structure similar to that of the partition member 13 is interposed between the regenerator 22b.
- the absorption liquid A1 supplied from the bottom of the absorption tower 10 through the flow path L4 is introduced into the upper part of the second regeneration section 22b of the regeneration tower 20, flows down the filler 21b, and is stored in the liquid pool of the partition member 23.
- the first regeneration unit is configured to be led out of the tower by the flow path L5 and stored in the tank 24 without flowing down.
- the absorption liquid A2 ′ supplied from the second absorption part 12b of the absorption tower 10 through the flow paths L1 and L2 is supplied to the upper part of the first regeneration part 22a, and is stored in the bottom part of the regeneration tower 20 after flowing down the filler 21a.
- a reboiler is attached as an external heating means for actively heating the absorbent using externally supplied energy. That is, a steam heater 25 attached outside the regeneration tower 20 and a circulation path 26 for circulating the absorbent A2 stored in the tower bottom through the steam heater 25 are attached, and a part of the absorbent A2 at the tower bottom is attached. Is divided by the circulation path 26, supplied to the steam heater 25, continuously heated by heat exchange with the high-temperature steam, and returned to the tower. Thereby, the absorption liquid A2 at the bottom is positively heated by the external heating means to sufficiently release carbon dioxide, and the filler 21a is also indirectly heated to cause gas-liquid contact on the filler 21a. The release of carbon dioxide is promoted.
- the high-temperature gas containing carbon dioxide and water vapor released from the absorbing liquid rises and passes through the filler 21a of the first regeneration unit 22a, and then passes through the tubular wall inner hole of the partition member 23 to form the second regeneration unit 22b. Passes through the filler 21b. During this time, the absorbing liquid A2 'flowing down the filler 21a and the absorbing liquid A1 flowing down the filler 21b are heated, and the carbon dioxide in the absorbing liquids A1 and A2' is released.
- the absorbing liquid A1 supplied to the second regeneration unit 22b is not positively heated by the external heating means and is heated only by the heat of the gas released from the first regeneration unit 22a.
- the temperature of the absorbing liquid A1 ′ is lower than that of the absorbing liquid A2. Accordingly, the regeneration degree of the absorbing liquid A1 'is lower than the regeneration degree of the absorbing liquid A2 at the bottom of the column, and becomes a semi-lean liquid.
- the absorbing liquid A1 'from which carbon dioxide has been released by the second regeneration unit 22b flows down from the liquid pool in the partition member 23 to the tank 24 through the flow path L5.
- the bottom of the tank 24 is connected to the flow path L2 by the flow path L6, and the absorbing liquid A1 ′ in the tank 24 is supplied to the flow path L2 by the pump 27 provided in the flow path L6 and supplied from the tank 14.
- a vent pipe V2 communicating with the second regeneration unit 22b is connected to the top of the tank 24 in order to eliminate pressure fluctuations in the tank 24.
- Absorbing liquid A2 (lean liquid) that has been stored at the bottom of the regeneration tower 20 and has sufficiently released carbon dioxide is pumped through the flow path L7 that connects the top of the absorption tower 10 and the bottom of the regeneration tower 20 by the pump 28. 2 is refluxed to the upper part of the absorber 12b.
- a circulation system is formed in which the absorption liquids A2 and A2 'reciprocate between the second absorption part 12b and the first regeneration part 22a through the flow paths L1, L2 and L7.
- a part of the absorption liquid in the circulation system is divided by the flow paths L3 to L6 and absorbed as absorption liquids A1 and A1 ′ via the first absorption part 12a and the second regeneration part 22b.
- a tributary system that joins the liquid is constructed. That is, the flow paths L1, L2, and L7 form a circulation path between the second absorption section and the first regeneration section, and the flow paths L3 to L6 are branched from the second absorption section 12b in the circulation path.
- a branch flow path is formed that reconnects to the circulation system before reaching the first regeneration section 22a via the first absorption section 12a and the second regeneration section 22b.
- the gas containing carbon dioxide released from the absorbent in the regeneration tower 20 is discharged from the top of the regeneration tower 20.
- the absorption liquid A1 ′ from which carbon dioxide has been released by the second regeneration unit 22b passes through the first heat exchanger 29 while flowing through the flow paths L5 and L6.
- the flow path L4 and the flow path Heat exchange is performed with L6. Therefore, the absorption liquid A1 'is cooled by the absorption liquid A1 in the flow path L4 and merges with the absorption liquid A2' in the flow path L2.
- the absorption liquid A2 from which carbon dioxide has been released by the first regeneration unit 22a passes through the second heat exchanger 30 while flowing through the flow path L7, and in the second heat exchanger 30, the flow paths L7 and L2 Heat exchange with the Accordingly, the absorption liquid A2 is cooled by the absorption liquid (A1 ′ + A2 ′) in the flow path L2, and further sufficiently cooled by the cooler 33 using cooling water, and then introduced into the upper part of the second absorption part 12b.
- the heat exchangers such as spiral type, plate type, double pipe type, multiple cylinder type, multiple circular pipe type, spiral tube type, spiral plate type, tank coil type, tank jacket type, direct contact liquid type, etc.
- any type of heat exchanger may be used, but the plate type is excellent in terms of simplification of the apparatus and ease of cleaning and disassembly.
- the gas containing carbon dioxide released from the absorbing solution by heating in the regeneration tower 20 passes through the cooling condensing part 37 at the top of the regeneration tower 20 and is then discharged from the top through the exhaust pipe 38 and is cooled with cooling water.
- Water vapor or the like contained by sufficiently cooling by the vessel 39 is condensed as much as possible, and the condensed water is removed by the gas-liquid separator 40 and then recovered as the recovered gas C.
- the cooling condensing unit 37 condenses water vapor contained in the gas and suppresses the release, and also suppresses the release of the absorbent.
- Carbon dioxide contained in the recovered gas C can be fixed and reorganized in the ground by, for example, injecting it into the ground or oil fields.
- the condensed water separated in the gas-liquid separator 40 is supplied from the flow path 42 onto the cooling condensing unit 37 of the regeneration tower 20 by a pump 41 at a predetermined flow rate, and functions as cooling water.
- the temperature of the absorbent A2 heated at the bottom of the first regenerator 22a is T1
- the absorbent (A1 ′ + A2 ′) introduced from the second heat exchanger 30 to the top of the first regenerator 22a If T2 is T2, then T1> T2. Further, the temperature of the liquid absorption liquid A1 ′ in the pool heated by the second regeneration unit 22b by the gas released from the first regeneration unit 22a is T3, and is introduced from the first heat exchanger 29 to the second regeneration unit 22b.
- the temperature of the first absorbing liquid A1 is T4
- the temperature of the gas released from the first regeneration unit 22a to the second regeneration unit 22b is t1
- the temperature of the gas released from the second regeneration unit 22b is t2
- the absorption liquid in the regeneration tower is heated in the vicinity of the boiling point of the absorption liquid in order to increase the degree of regeneration, and the heat difference is increased by using a heat exchanger having high heat exchange performance to increase the temperature difference (T1-T2).
- the temperature t1 of the gas released from the first regeneration unit 22a also increases, and if it is discharged from the regeneration tower 20 as it is, not only sensible heat energy is released, but also a large amount of latent heat energy together with water vapor. Will also be released.
- the amount of heat of the gas released from the first regeneration unit 22a is recovered in the second regeneration unit 22b and used for regeneration of the absorbing liquid, and the temperature of the gas is decreased from t1 to t2 to increase the outside of the sensible heat. Reduce the amount released to As the temperature of the gas decreases, the condensation of water vapor also proceeds, so the water vapor and latent heat contained in the gas released from the second regeneration unit 22b also decrease.
- the condensed water vapor evaporated from the absorption liquid is absorbed into the absorption liquid A2 ′ of the second absorption section 12b in the absorption tower 10, and the absorption liquid A1 of the second regeneration section 22b in the regeneration tower 20. Supplied to '. Therefore, in the circulation system, even if the vaporized portion from the absorbing liquid A2 in the first regeneration unit 22a exceeds the condensed moisture supplemented in the second absorbing unit 12b, a part of the absorbing liquid is divided and flows through the branch channel. The condensed liquid is added after the condensed water is added in the second regeneration unit 22b during the flow, so that the absorption liquid is maintained at a predetermined concentration.
- the temperature difference between the heat exchanger inlet temperature of the lean liquid and the heat exchanger outlet temperature of the semi-rich (or semi-lean) liquid is reduced to reflect the heat exchange performance, and the heat energy given by the heat exchanger is efficient. To be supplied to the regeneration process.
- the temperature difference at the time of heat exchange can be set to a temperature difference of generally less than 10 ° C., preferably about 3 ° C., and when the pressure applied to the absorbent is released when it is put into the regeneration process, carbon dioxide It is also effective in promoting the release of In order to introduce the absorbing liquid into the second heat exchanger 30 in a pressurized state, for example, on the flow path L2 between the second heat exchanger 30 and the regeneration tower 20 (for example, introduction into the first regeneration unit 22a). By providing a back pressure valve in the vicinity of the mouth, it is possible to apply pressure using the driving force of the pumps 16 and 27, and pressure adjustment using a pressure sensor is also possible.
- the absorption liquid flowing through the first heat exchanger 29 it is possible to suppress the foaming by pressurization and to easily increase the temperature of the absorption liquid A1 supplied to the second regeneration unit 22b.
- the pressurized absorbing liquid is released when it is introduced into the regeneration tower, the release of carbon dioxide is promoted and the latent heat is consumed at that time, which also has the effect of contributing to a decrease in the temperature of the emitted gas.
- the absorption tower 10 when gas G containing carbon dioxide such as combustion exhaust gas or process exhaust gas is supplied from the bottom, and absorption liquids A2 ′ and A2 are supplied from the upper parts of the first and second absorption parts 12a and 12b, respectively, The gas G and the absorbing liquids A2 ′ and A2 are in gas-liquid contact on the materials 11a and 11b, and an absorption process including a first absorption process in the first absorption part 12a and a second absorption process in the second absorption part 12b is performed. Carbon dioxide is absorbed by the absorbing solution.
- gas G containing carbon dioxide such as combustion exhaust gas or process exhaust gas
- absorption liquids A2 ′ and A2 are supplied from the upper parts of the first and second absorption parts 12a and 12b, respectively.
- the gas G and the absorbing liquids A2 ′ and A2 are in gas-liquid contact on the materials 11a and 11b, and an absorption process including a first absorption process in the first absorption part 12a and a second absorption process in
- the liquid temperature of the absorbing liquids A2 ′ and A2 or the absorption tower 10 (especially the packing materials 11a and 11b) is set to about 50 ° C. or lower, preferably 40 ° C. or lower. Adjust the temperature. Since the absorbing liquid generates heat due to absorption of carbon dioxide, it is desirable to take into consideration the increase in liquid temperature caused by this, so that the liquid temperature does not exceed 60 ° C.
- the gas G supplied to the absorption tower 10 may be adjusted to an appropriate temperature in advance using a cooling tower in consideration of the above. An aqueous liquid containing a compound having affinity for carbon dioxide as an absorbent is used as the absorbent.
- Examples of the absorbent include alkanolamines and hindered amines having an alcoholic hydroxyl group.
- alkanolamine examples include monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA),
- MDEA N-methyldiethanolamine
- examples of the hindered amine having an alcoholic hydroxyl group examples include 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), 2- (ethylamino) ethanol (EAE), and the like.
- Examples include 2- (methylamino) ethanol (MAE), 2- (isopropylamino) ethanol (IPAE), and a plurality of the above compounds may be used in combination.
- Piperidine, piperazine, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, 3-methylpyridine, 2-methylpyrazine, 2- (methylamino) piperidine (2AMPD), 2-methylpiperazine, 2- (aminomethyl) piperazine, 2,6- A cyclic amine such as dimethylpiperazine, 2,5-dimethylpiperazine, 2- ( ⁇ -hydroxyethyl) piperazine and the like may be added and mixed.
- Monoethanolamine (MEA) which is generally preferred for use, is an absorbent having high absorbability, and examples of the absorbent having good regenerative properties include AMP and MDEA.
- MEA is mixed to form an absorbent solution, and the absorbability and reproducibility can be adjusted to some extent by the mixing ratio. This is useful for reducing renewable energy.
- the absorbent concentration of the absorbent can be appropriately set according to the amount of carbon dioxide contained in the gas to be treated, the treatment speed, the fluidity of the absorbent and the suppression of consumption loss, and is generally 10 to 50% by mass. For example, for the treatment of the gas G having a carbon dioxide content of about 20%, an absorbing solution having a concentration of about 30% by mass is preferably used.
- the supply rate of the gas G and the circulation rate of the absorption liquid are determined so that the absorption proceeds well in consideration of the amount of carbon dioxide contained in the gas G, the carbon dioxide absorption capacity of the absorption liquid, the gas-liquid contact efficiency in the filler, and the like. Is set as appropriate.
- the absorption process / regeneration process is repeatedly executed by circulation of each absorption liquid.
- the regeneration process of the absorbing solution in the regeneration tower 20 uses the first regeneration step in which the absorbing solution is heated by external heating in the first regeneration unit 22a and the heat of the gas released from the first regeneration step in the second regeneration unit 22b. And a second regeneration step of heating. Part of the absorption liquid A2 ′ (semi-rich liquid) that has absorbed carbon dioxide in the second absorption process is supplied from the tank 14 to the first regeneration process in the first regeneration unit 22a through the flow path L2, and the absorption liquid A2 ′.
- the other part passes through the first absorption process in the first absorption part 12a and the second regeneration process in the second regeneration part 22b from the tank 14, and then the absorption liquid in the flow path L2 as the absorption liquid A1 ′ (semi-lean liquid). It merges with A2 ′ and goes to the first reproduction unit 22a.
- the absorption liquid A1 ′ of the flow path L5 merges with the absorption liquid A2 ′ of the flow path L2
- the flow path before being supplied to the second regeneration process in the first heat exchange process by the first heat exchanger 29. Heat exchange with the L4 absorbent A1.
- the absorbent (A2 ′ + A1 ′) merged in the flow path L2 is regenerated in the second heat exchange step by the second heat exchanger 30 before being supplied to the first regeneration step in the first regeneration unit 22a. Heating is performed by heat exchange with the absorbing liquid A2 refluxed through the first regeneration step in the tower 20.
- the temperature T1 of the absorbent A2 heated by external heat in the first regeneration step in the first regeneration unit 22a varies depending on the composition of the absorbent used and the regeneration conditions, but is generally set to about 100 to 130 ° C. (near the boiling point).
- the temperature of the absorption liquid (A2 ′ + A1 ′) at the outlet of the heat exchanger in the second heat exchange step is about 95 to 125 ° C. be able to.
- the temperature t1 of the gas released from the first regeneration unit 22a to the second regeneration unit 22b is about 85 to 115 ° C., and is heated by the second regeneration unit 22b by the gas released from the first regeneration unit 22a.
- the temperature T3 of the absorbing liquid A1 ′ is about 85 to 115 ° C.
- the absorption heat A1 supplied from the absorption tower 10 to the regeneration tower 20 is heated by the first heat exchanger 29.
- the temperature T4 of the first absorbent A1 that is cooled by replacement and introduced into the second regeneration unit 22b can be about 80 to 110 ° C.
- the temperature t2 of the gas released from the second regeneration unit 22b can be lowered to 100 ° C. or lower.
- the flow rate of the absorption liquid flowing through the flow path before diversion and after the merge (for example, the flow volume of the absorption liquid A2 in the flow path L7) is S.
- the ratio ⁇ S / S of the flow rate ⁇ S to the flow rate S is the gas G when the flow rate in the branch process after branching, that is, the flow rate of the absorbing liquid A1 or A1 ′ flowing through the flow paths L3 to L6 of the tributary system is ⁇ S.
- the difference in carbon dioxide content between the absorbing liquid A2 ′ (semi-rich liquid) supplied from the tank 14 to the first regeneration unit 22a and the absorbing liquid A1 ′ (semi-lean liquid) that merges from the tank 24 to the flow path L2 is as follows. It also changes depending on the setting of the flow rate ratio ⁇ S / S. In view of the regeneration efficiency of the absorbing solution, it is preferable that this difference is small.
- the flow rates S and ⁇ S can be adjusted by controlling the driving of the pumps 16 to 18, 27 and 28. At this time, the liquid level in the tanks 14 and 24 is detected, and the pumps are adjusted according to the fluctuations. An appropriate flow rate in a steady state can be set by balancing the driving. Therefore, when the driving conditions of the pump for circulating the absorbing liquid at an appropriate flow rate are known in advance, the tanks 14 and 24 can be omitted.
- the absorbent A2 stored at the bottom of the regeneration tower 20 is heated to the vicinity of the boiling point by partial circulation heating.
- the boiling point of the absorbent depends on the composition (absorbent concentration) and the pressure in the regeneration tower 20.
- heating it is necessary to supply the latent heat of vaporization of water lost from the absorbing solution and the sensible heat of the absorbing solution.Suppressing the vaporization by pressurization increases the sensible heat by increasing the boiling point. It is preferable in terms of energy efficiency to use a condition setting in which the inside of the regeneration tower 20 is pressurized to about 100 kPaG and the absorbing solution is heated to 120 to 130 ° C.
- the temperature t2 at the top of the regeneration tower 20 can be lowered to a temperature close to the temperature T4 of the absorbing liquid A1 to be charged (t2). ⁇ T1, T4 ⁇ T3 ⁇ t1). Therefore, the water vapor and latent heat contained in the recovered gas passing through the cooling condensing unit 37 are reduced, and the loss of thermal energy is reduced.
- the absorbing solution to be charged has a high carbon dioxide content.
- the absorption liquid circulates between the second absorption section 12b of the absorption tower 10 and the first regeneration section 22a of the regeneration tower 20, while part of the first absorption section 12a and By passing through the second regeneration unit 22b, carbon dioxide absorbed at a higher concentration is released at a lower temperature.
- the energy efficiency of the regeneration tower is improved by the heat utilization of the second regeneration unit 22b that performs regeneration at a temperature lower than that of the first regeneration unit 22a. That is, in the circulation path formed by the flow paths L1, L2, and L7, a circulation system that performs main absorption and regeneration is formed, and heat energy in the regeneration tower is recovered and reused in the branch flow paths by the flow paths L3 to L6.
- a tributary system is formed that reduces the absorption load applied to the absorbent by the gas G having a high carbon dioxide concentration. Therefore, the apparatus configuration of FIG. 1 is also effective in enhancing the process adaptability of the recovery apparatus.
- the regeneration energy is 4.1 GJ due to a decrease in sensible heat required for the temperature increase. It decreases from about / t-CO 2 to about 3.9 GJ / t-CO 2 .
- a new absorption unit and a regeneration unit are added as a first absorption unit and a second regeneration unit, and the absorption liquid circulation system is used. If a branching tributary system is provided and combined after passing through the first absorption unit and the second regeneration unit, the regeneration energy is reduced to about 3.2 GJ / t-CO 2 due to the contribution of the decrease in latent heat of vaporization. Is possible.
- the regeneration energy can be reduced to about 3.1 GJ / t-CO 2 .
- the absorbing liquid used in the apparatus configuration of FIG. 1 is changed to one having good regenerative properties, it can be reduced to about 2.3 GJ / t-CO 2 .
- FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the recovery apparatus for implementing the carbon dioxide recovery method of the present invention.
- a branch flow path L2 ′ branched from the flow path L2 and a third heat exchanger 34 are provided, and the absorption liquid (A2 ′ + A1 ′) supplied from the tanks 14 and 24 to the flow path L2 is provided.
- a part is supplied to the third heat exchanger 34 without being introduced into the second heat exchanger 30, and is heated by heat exchange using the residual heat of the steam condensate discharged from the steam heater 25.
- the absorbing liquid heated by the third heat exchanger 34 merges with the absorbing liquid in the flow path L2 and is supplied to the first regeneration unit 22a.
- the high-temperature steam of the steam heater 25 is sufficiently high-temperature steam condensed water of about 120 ° C. or higher even after the absorption liquid A2 is heated, it can be effectively used as a heating source for the absorption liquid supplied to the regeneration tower 20. That is, in the configuration of FIG. 2, the third heat exchanger 34 shares the role of the second heat exchanger 30 that heats the absorbent supplied from the flow path L2 to the first regeneration unit 22a. Therefore, a smaller one can be used as the second heat exchanger 30.
- FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of a recovery apparatus that implements the carbon dioxide recovery method of the present invention.
- the configuration is simplified by reducing the number of pumps and tanks. That is, in the recovery device 3, the branch point of the tributary system that divides the absorption liquid A2 ′ led out of the absorption tower 10 by the flow path L1 from the liquid reservoir of the second absorption portion 12b into two is not the tank but the flow path.
- the junction of the tributary system that is provided on L1 and passes through the first absorption part 12a and the second regeneration part 22b is not on the flow path L2 but the tank 14 ′. Accordingly, the tank 14 ′ of the recovery device 3 of FIG.
- the tank 24 and the tank 24 of the recovery device 1 of FIG. 1 are integrated and the tank 24 is omitted.
- the pump 27 of FIG. It is omitted.
- the pump 17 of the flow path L3 in FIG. 1 is configured to be omitted.
- the absorption liquid A2 'flowing out from the second absorption portion 12b through the flow path L1 is divided into two at the three-way valve 43 provided at the branch point of the flow path L1. Part of the absorption liquid A2 'flows down the flow path L1 and is stored in the tank 14', and the other part is supplied to the first absorption part 12a through the flow path L3 ', and is cooled by the cooler 15 therebetween. Since the supply of the absorption liquid A2 ′ from the second absorption unit 12b to the tank 14 ′ and the first absorption unit 12a can be performed using a gravity drop, a pump can be omitted in the flow paths L1 ′ and L3 ′.
- the distribution ratio of the absorbing liquid A2 ′ can be adjusted by setting the three-way valve 43. Further, the absorbing liquid A1 ′ led out from the regeneration tower 20 through the flow path L6 ′ from the second regenerator 22b also flows down due to the gravity drop and is stored in the tank 14 ′, where it is supplied from the flow path L1. It merges with a part of the absorbing liquid A2 ′. That is, the tank 14 ′ functions as both the tank 14 and the tank 24 in FIG. 1, and the absorbing liquid A2 ′ and the absorbing liquid A1 ′ merge in the tank 14 ′.
- the pump for supplying the absorbing liquid A1 ′ to L2 is not necessary in FIG.
- the absorption liquid (A1 ′ + A2 ′) in the tank 14 ′ is supplied to the first regeneration unit 22a through the flow path L2 by the pump 16, and in the meantime, in the second heat exchanger 30, the second absorption from the first regeneration unit 22a. Heat exchange with the absorbing liquid A2 refluxed to the portion 12b through the flow path L7. Further, the absorption liquid A1 'flowing out from the second regeneration unit 22b through the flow path L6' exchanges heat with the absorption liquid A1 flowing out from the bottom of the absorption tower 10 through the flow path L4 in the first heat exchanger 29.
- a vent pipe V ⁇ b> 1 ′ communicating with the second absorption part 12 b is connected to the top in order to eliminate the internal pressure fluctuation.
- Absorbing liquid A2 (lean liquid) that has been stored at the bottom of the regeneration tower 20 and has sufficiently released carbon dioxide is pumped through the flow path L7 that connects the top of the absorption tower 10 and the bottom of the regeneration tower 20 by the pump 28. 2 is refluxed to the upper part of the absorber 12b.
- the flow paths L1, L2, L7 form a circulation path between the second absorption section and the first regeneration section, and the absorption liquids A2, A2 ′ pass through the flow paths L1, L2, L7 to the second absorption section.
- a circulation system reciprocating between 12b and the first reproduction unit 22a is configured.
- the flow paths L3 ′, L4, L6 ′ are branched from the circulation path so as to reach the first regeneration unit 22a from the second absorption unit 12b through the first absorption unit 12a and the second regeneration unit 22b.
- a branch flow path connected to the circulation system is formed, and the absorption liquids A1 and A1 ′ are diverted from the circulation system through the flow paths L3 ′, L4 and L6 ′, and pass through the first absorption section 12a and the second regeneration section 22b.
- a tributary system that merges with the circulation system is configured.
- the absorption liquid A1 ′ from which carbon dioxide has been released by the second regeneration unit 22b passes through the first heat exchanger 29 while flowing through the flow path L6 ′, and heat exchange is performed between the flow path L4 and the flow path L6 ′. Done. Therefore, the absorption liquid A1 'is cooled by the absorption liquid A1 in the flow path L4 and merges with the absorption liquid A2' in the flow path L1 and the tank 14 '.
- the absorption liquid A2 from which carbon dioxide has been released by the first regeneration unit 22a passes through the second heat exchanger 30 while flowing through the flow path L7, and in the second heat exchanger 30, the flow paths L7 and L2 Heat exchange with the Accordingly, the absorption liquid A2 is cooled by the absorption liquid (A1 ′ + A2 ′) in the flow path L2, and further sufficiently cooled by the cooler 33 using cooling water, and then introduced into the upper part of the second absorption part 12b.
- the recovery device 3 of FIG. 3 is the same as the recovery apparatus 1 of FIG. 1 except for the points described above, and therefore the description thereof is omitted.
- the recovery device 3 of FIG. 3 can also be modified like the recovery device 2 of FIG. That is, the absorption liquid supplied from the tank 14 ′ to the first regeneration unit 22 a through the flow path L 2 is diverted before being supplied to the second heat exchanger 30, and a part thereof is exhausted from the steam heater 25. If the branch flow path and the heat exchanger are provided so as to join the flow path L2 downstream from the second heat exchanger 30 after heating, the second heat exchanger 30 can be downsized.
- FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of a recovery apparatus that implements the carbon dioxide recovery method of the present invention.
- This embodiment is a configuration for improving the heat exchange of the absorbing liquid A1 'supplied from the tank 24 to the flow path L2 in the recovery apparatus of FIG.
- the absorbing liquid A1 ′ supplied from the tank 24 to the flow path L2 in FIG. 1 is once cooled in the heat exchanger 29, and then merged into the flow path L2 and heated again in the heat exchanger 30.
- branch flow path L7 ′ is branched from the flow path L7 extending from the first regeneration section 22a to the second absorption section 12b, and the absorption liquid A1 ′ in the tank 24 is heated using heat exchange with the branch flow path L7 ′. To join the flow path L2.
- two heat exchangers 35a and 35b are provided in the branch flow path L7 ′ branched from the flow path L7 extending from the first regeneration section 22a to the second absorption section 12b, and in the upstream heat exchanger 35a, the tank Heat exchange is performed between the absorption liquid A1 ′ in the flow path L6 ′′ that merges from the flow path 24 to the flow path L2 and the absorption liquid A2 that flows back from the regeneration tower to the absorption tower.
- the absorption liquid A1 ′ that flows through the flow path L6 ′′ by the pump 27 Is heated by the absorption liquid A2 having the highest temperature and becomes equal to the heating temperature of the heat exchanger 30 in the flow path L6.
- the recovery device 4 of FIG. 4 is the same as the recovery device 1 of FIG. 1 except for the points described above, and therefore the description thereof is omitted.
- the recovery device 4 of FIG. 4 can also be modified like the recovery device 2 of FIG. That is, the absorption liquid A2 ′ supplied from the tank 14 to the first regeneration unit 22a through the flow path L2 is diverted before being supplied to the second heat exchanger 30, and a part of the absorption liquid A2 ′ is discharged from the steam heater 25. If the branch flow path and the heat exchanger are provided so as to be joined to the flow path L2 downstream from the second heat exchanger 30 after heating by the second heat exchanger 30, the second heat exchanger 30 can be further downsized.
- FIG. 5 shows a fifth embodiment of a recovery apparatus for implementing the carbon dioxide recovery method of the present invention.
- This embodiment is an embodiment that can be configured by combining two sets of recovery devices, and the absorption tower 10 in the recovery device of FIG. 1 is configured by two independent absorption towers, and the first and second The absorption part is distributed to each absorption tower, the regeneration tower 20 is constituted by two independent regeneration towers, and the first and second regeneration parts are respectively distributed to the regeneration towers.
- These towers are connected by piping so that they operate in the same manner as the recovery device of FIG. In other words, it is a useful form that can add a new absorption tower and regeneration tower to an existing recovery device, or improve the processing efficiency by using two existing recovery devices.
- Carbon dioxide can be recovered by connecting the system and another set of recovery devices so as to constitute a tributary system.
- the absorption tower 10A has the same configuration as that of the absorption tower 10 of FIG. 1 except that the first absorption portion 12a and the partition member 13 are not provided, and the regeneration tower 20A is the same as the regeneration tower 20 of FIG. It is comprised only by the part below from 1 reproduction
- the absorption tower 10B is composed only of a portion below the first absorption section 11a of the absorption tower 10 of FIG. 1, and the regeneration tower 20B is the same as that of FIG. 1 except that the first regeneration section 22a and the partition member 23 are not provided.
- the configuration is the same as that of the regeneration tower 20.
- the top of the absorption tower 10B and the lower part of the absorption tower 10A are connected by a pipe 44, and by supplying the gas G to the lower part of the absorption tower 10B, the gas G is supplied to the first absorption part 11a and the absorption tower 10A of the absorption tower 10B.
- the gas G ′ from which the carbon dioxide has been sequentially removed through the second absorber 11b is discharged from the top of the absorber 10A.
- the top of the regeneration tower 20A and the lower part of the regeneration tower 20B are connected by a pipe 45, and the recovered gas C containing carbon dioxide generated in the regeneration tower 20B by heating of the steam heater 25 is regenerated through the pipe 45.
- the gas is supplied to the lower part of the tower 20B and discharged from the exhaust pipe 38 connected to the top of the regeneration tower 20B through the cooler 39 and the gas-liquid separator 40.
- the flow paths L8 and L9 form a circulation path between the absorption tower 10A and the regeneration tower 20A, and the absorption liquid A2 ′ at the bottom of the absorption tower 10A and the absorption liquid A2 at the bottom of the regeneration tower 20A pass through the flow paths L8 and L9.
- a circulation system that circulates between the absorption unit 12b and the first regeneration unit 22a is configured.
- Pumps 16 and 28 are provided in the flow paths L8 and L9, respectively.
- the flow paths L10, L11, and L12 branch from the flow path L8 to form a branch path that connects to the flow path L8 via the absorption tower 10B and the regeneration tower 20B, and the flow paths L10, L11, and L12 include Pumps 17, 18 and 27 are respectively arranged.
- A2 ′ Part of the absorption liquid A2 ′ (semi-rich liquid) at the bottom of the absorption tower 10A is supplied to the absorption tower 10B through the flow path L10 and absorbs carbon dioxide in the first absorption section 11a, and the absorption liquid at the bottom of the absorption tower 10B.
- A1 rich liquid
- A1 is supplied to the regeneration tower 20B through the flow path 11 and regenerated in the second regeneration section 22b, and then from the bottom of the regeneration tower 20B as a semi-lean absorbing liquid A1 ′ to the flow path 8 from the flow path L12.
- a tributary system is constructed.
- heat exchange between the flow path L11 and the flow path L12 is performed by the first heat exchanger 29, and in the circulation system, the flow path L8 and the flow path L9 are exchanged by the second heat exchanger 30. Heat exchange takes place between.
- the absorbing liquid is stored at the bottom of the absorption tower 10 ⁇ / b> A and the regeneration tower 10 ⁇ / b> B, so that the storage capacity can serve as the tanks 14 and 24 of FIG. 1.
- the tanks 14 and 24 are not necessary.
- the conventional recovery apparatus is used to configure the recovery apparatus of FIG. 5, for example, the conventional recovery apparatus is used as the absorption tower 10B and the regeneration tower 20B of the tributary system, and the absorption tower 10A and the regeneration tower 20A are added. It is advisable to connect the flow path of the absorbing liquid and the gas distribution pipe so as to constitute a circulation system.
- the recovery device 5 of FIG. 5 is the same as the collection device 1 in FIG. 1 except for the points described above, and therefore the description thereof is omitted.
- the recovery device 5 of FIG. 5 can also be modified like the recovery device 2 of FIG. That is, the absorption liquid (A1 ′ + A2 ′) supplied to the first regeneration unit 22a through the flow path L8 is diverted before being supplied to the second heat exchanger 30, and a part thereof is discharged from the steam heater 25. If the branch flow path and the heat exchanger are provided so as to join the flow path L8 downstream from the second heat exchanger 30 after being heated by heat, the second heat exchanger 30 can be reduced in size.
- a heat exchanger is provided so as to heat the absorption liquid A1 ′ before joining the flow path L8 by the exhaust heat from the steam heater 25, and the joining point with the flow path L8 is set to the second heat.
- FIG. Alternatively, as in the recovery device 4 of FIG. 4, a branch channel that branches from the channel L9 through which the absorption liquid A2 circulates from the first regeneration unit 22a to the second absorption unit 12b is provided, and the channels L12 and L11 are sequentially heated. It changes so that it may replace
- the modification in FIG. 2 and the modification in FIG. 4 may be used in combination. That is, instead of the first heat exchanger 29, two heat exchangers that are heated by exhaust heat from the steam heater 25 are provided, and the absorbent A1 ′ in the flow path L12 in the upstream (high temperature side) heat exchanger. Heat exchange with the absorption liquid A1 in the flow path L11 in the downstream (low temperature side) heat exchanger, and the downstream flow path L12 of the upstream (high temperature side) heat exchanger passes through the flow path L8.
- the second heat exchanger 30 is connected to the downstream side.
- the absorption liquid A1 'of the regeneration tower 20B is heated as it is without being cooled and supplied to the regeneration tower 20A, and the heat energy consumed in the tributary system is supplied using exhaust heat.
- FIG. 6 shows a sixth embodiment of a recovery apparatus that implements the carbon dioxide recovery method of the present invention.
- the absorption tower 10 has two absorption parts as in FIG. 1, but the regeneration tower 20 ′ has three regeneration parts 22 a, 22 b and 22 c, and the packing material 21 ′ has three regeneration parts. Loaded into each of the parts.
- a partition member 23 ' having the same structure as the partition members 13 and 23 described above is interposed between the second playback unit 22b and the third playback unit 22c.
- the circulation system is the same as that of the embodiment of FIG. 1, and the absorption liquids A2 and A2 ′ are circulated through the second absorption unit 12b and the first regeneration unit 22a in the second heat exchanger 30.
- the tributary system is configured to pass through the third regeneration unit 22c before the absorption liquid A2 ′ in the tank 14 is supplied from the first absorption unit 12a to the second regeneration unit 22b.
- a tank 24 ′ for storing the absorption liquid regenerated by the third regenerator 22c is added, and two heat exchangers 29a and 29b are used instead of the first heat exchanger 29 of FIG. While the absorption liquid of the third regeneration unit 22c is supplied to the second regeneration unit 22b via the tank 24 ', the third regeneration unit 22c is connected so as to pass through the heat exchangers 29a and 29b.
- the absorption liquid A2 ′ supplied from the tank 14 to the absorption tower 10 absorbs carbon dioxide in the first absorption section 12a and is stored at the bottom, and the bottom absorption liquid A1 (rich liquid) ) Is supplied to the third regeneration section 22c of the regeneration tower 20 ′ to release carbon dioxide, and is stored in the liquid pool of the partition member 23 ′, and the liquid absorption liquid A1 ′ is stored in the tank 24 ′ through the flow path L5a. Supplied to.
- the absorbing liquid A1 'in the tank 24' is supplied to the second regeneration unit 22b through the flow path L6a by the pump 27 '.
- Absorbed liquid A1 ′′ further released with carbon dioxide in the second regeneration unit 22b and stored in the liquid pool of the partition member 23 is stored in the tank 24 through the flow path L5b, and the circulation system flow path through the flow path L6b by the pump 27.
- L2 After being supplied to L2, it is supplied to the first regeneration unit 22a, during which the absorbing liquid A1 ′ flowing from the tank 24 ′ through the flow path L6a is first absorbed by the heat exchanger 29a into the absorbing liquid A1 in the flow path L4a.
- heat exchanger 29b heat exchange is performed with the absorbing liquid A1 ′′ flowing from the tank 24 through the flow path L6b.
- the absorption liquid flowing through the tributary system sequentially changes from the rich absorption liquid A2 to the semi-lean absorption liquid A1 ′ and the absorption liquid A1 ′′ through two regeneration steps in which the amount of carbon dioxide decreases, and merges into the flow path L2. Then, it is supplied to the first regeneration unit 22a together with the semi-rich absorption liquid A2 ′ and sufficiently regenerated to become the absorption liquid A2 that is a lean liquid.
- the temperature of the absorption liquid A2 heated at the bottom of the first regeneration unit 22a is T1
- T3 is the temperature of the absorption liquid A1 ′′ in the pool heated by the second regeneration unit 22b by the gas released from the first regeneration unit 22a.
- the temperature of the absorbing liquid A1 ′ introduced from the first heat exchanger 29a to the second regeneration unit 22b is T4
- the temperature of the gas released from the first regeneration unit 22a to the second regeneration unit 22b is t1, and the second regeneration unit 22b.
- the temperature of the gas released from the regeneration unit is From t2 to t3, the external release of sensible heat is further suppressed.
- condensation of water vapor also occurs, the amount of water vapor contained in the gas released from the third regeneration unit 22c further decreases, and external release of latent heat is also suppressed. Therefore, regeneration is performed by the heat recovered in the third regeneration unit 22c, and the recovery and utilization of the heat amount further proceeds.
- the temperature of the absorption liquid A1 ′ flowing through the flow path L6a is once cooled in the heat exchanger 29a from T4 to near the temperature of the absorption liquid A1, and then heated in the heat exchanger 29b to near the temperature T3 of the absorption liquid A1 ′′.
- the absorption liquid A1 ′′ in the tank 24 is cooled close to the temperature of the absorption liquid A1 by heat exchange with the absorption liquid A1 ′ in the flow path L6a, and the absorption liquid A2 ′ in the flow path L2. Join.
- the flow rate of the absorption liquid flowing through the flow path before diversion and after the merge is S
- the flow rate in the tributary process after branching that is,
- the ratio ⁇ S / S of the flow rate ⁇ S to the flow rate S when the flow rate of the absorbent flowing through the tributary flow paths L3, L4a to L6a, L5b to L6b is ⁇ S is the carbon dioxide amount of the gas G in this embodiment as well.
- about 1/10 to 9/10 is generally appropriate in consideration of the absorption / regeneration characteristics of the absorbent and the like. It is preferable to set it to about 3/10 to 8/10.
- the recovery device 6 in FIG. 6 is the same as the recovery device 1 of FIG. 1 except for the points described above, and therefore the description thereof is omitted.
- the recovery device 6 in FIG. 6 can also be modified like the recovery device 2 in FIG. That is, the absorption liquid (A1 ′′ + A2 ′) supplied to the first regeneration unit 22a through the flow path L2 is diverted before being supplied to the second heat exchanger 30, and a part thereof is discharged from the steam heater 25.
- the second heat exchanger 30 can be downsized, or in the flow path L6b, A heat exchanger is provided so that the absorption liquid A1 ′′ having passed through the heat exchanger 29b is heated by exhaust heat from the steam heater 25 before joining the flow path L2, and the flow path L6b and the flow path L2 join.
- the point may be changed downstream from the second heat exchanger 30.
- a branch channel that branches from the channel L7 through which the absorbing liquid A2 circulates from the first regeneration unit 22a to the second absorption unit 12b is provided, and the channel L6b and the channel L6a It may be configured to sequentially exchange heat, and the absorption liquid A1 ′′ in the flow path L6b may be configured to join the flow path L2 without exchanging heat with the flow path L6a.
- the modification in FIG. 2 and FIG. In other words, instead of the heat exchangers 29a and 29b, three heat exchangers that are heated by exhaust heat from the steam heater 25 are provided, and an upstream (high temperature) heat exchanger is provided.
- Heat exchange with liquid A1, upstream (high temperature) Flow path L6b passing through the exchanger is connected so as to merge downstream of the second heat exchanger 30 in the flow path L2.
- the absorption liquid A1 ′′ in the tank 24 and the absorption liquid A1 ′ in the tank 24 ′ are heated as they are without being cooled and supplied to the first regeneration unit 22a and the second regeneration unit 22b, respectively, and consumed in the tributary system. Thermal energy is supplied using exhaust heat.
- FIG. 7 shows a seventh embodiment of the recovery apparatus for implementing the carbon dioxide recovery method of the present invention.
- the absorption tower 10 and the regeneration tower 20 ′ are the same as in FIG. 6, and the regeneration tower 20 ′ has three regeneration sections 22 a, 22 b, 22 c, but the second regeneration section 22 b and the third regeneration section in the tributary system.
- the supply form of the absorbing liquid to the regeneration unit is different. That is, in FIG. 6, the supply flow path of the absorbing liquid A1 from the bottom of the absorption tower 10 to the third regeneration unit 22c and the second regeneration unit 22b is in series, but in FIG.
- the supply flow paths to the second regeneration unit 22b and the third regeneration unit 22c are parallel to each other. Therefore, in the tributary system, the absorption liquid A1 that has passed through the first absorption unit 12a is distributed into two and merges into the circulation system via the second regeneration unit 22b or the third regeneration unit 22c, respectively.
- a tank 24 ′ for storing the absorbent regenerated by the third regenerator 22c is provided as in FIG. 6, and two heat exchangers are provided instead of the first heat exchanger 29 of FIG. 29c and 29d are used.
- a flow path L4b branched from the flow path L4a connecting the bottom of the absorption tower 10 and the top of the third regeneration section 22c and connected to the top of the second regeneration section 22b is provided, and the absorption liquid A1 at the bottom of the absorption tower 10 is The second reproduction unit 22b and the third reproduction unit 22c are distributed and supplied.
- the lower part of the third regeneration unit 22c is connected to the tank 24 'by a flow path L5c, and the tank 24' is connected to the flow path L2 by a flow path L6c in which a pump 27 'is arranged.
- the lower part of the second regeneration unit 22b is connected to the tank 24 by a flow path L5d, and the tank 24 is connected to the flow path L6c by a flow path L6d in which a pump 27 is disposed. Accordingly, the absorbing liquid A1 ′ supplied from the liquid pool of the third regeneration unit 22c to the tank 24 ′ is merged from the flow path L6c to the flow path L2 by the pump 27 ′, and from the liquid pool of the second regeneration unit 22b to the tank 24.
- the absorption liquid A1 ′′ supplied to the refrigerant is joined to the flow path L6c from the flow path L6d by the pump 27, and is supplied to the flow path L2 together with the absorption liquid A1 ′.
- the heat exchanger 29c includes the flow paths L4a and L6c.
- the heat exchanger 29d is disposed so as to exchange heat between the flow path L4b and the flow path L6d.
- the absorbing liquid A1 passing through the flow path L4a is heated by heat exchange in the heat exchanger 29c and then supplied to the third regeneration unit 22c, and after releasing carbon dioxide by gas-liquid contact in the third regeneration unit 22c, The liquid is stored in the liquid reservoir of the member 23 ′.
- the absorption liquid A1 'in the liquid pool passes through the flow paths L5c and L6c, is cooled in the heat exchanger 29c, and then merges with the absorption liquid A2' in the flow path L2.
- the absorption liquid A1 passing through the flow path L4b is heated by heat exchange in the heat exchanger 29d and then supplied to the second regeneration unit 22b, and after releasing carbon dioxide by gas-liquid contact in the second regeneration unit 22b, The liquid is stored in the liquid pool of the member 23.
- the absorption liquid A1 ′′ in the liquid pool passes through the flow paths L5d and L6d, is cooled in the heat exchanger 29d, and then merges with the absorption liquid A2 ′ in the flow path L2 together with the absorption liquid A1 ′ in the flow path L6c.
- the absorption liquids A1 ′, A1 ′′, A2 ′ merged at L2 are heated by heat exchange with the absorption liquid A2 in the flow path L7 in the second heat exchanger 30, and supplied to the upper part of the first regeneration unit 22a.
- the flow rate of the absorption liquid flowing through the flow path before and after the diversion is set to S, and supplied to the second regeneration unit 22b in the tributary process.
- ⁇ S2 / S is generally about 1/10 to 8/10, preferably 2/10.
- ⁇ 6/10 It is good to set as follows.
- the recovery device 7 of FIG. 7 is the same as the recovery device 1 of FIG. 1 and the recovery device 6 of FIG. 6 except for the points described above, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
- the recovery device 7 of FIG. 7 can also be modified like the recovery device 2 of FIG. That is, the absorption liquid (A1 ′ + A1 ′′ + A2 ′) supplied to the first regeneration unit 22a through the flow path L2 is diverted before being supplied to the second heat exchanger 30, and a part of the absorption liquid is supplied from the steam heater 25. After being heated by the exhaust heat, the branch flow path and the heat exchanger can be provided so as to join the flow path L2 downstream from the second heat exchanger 30. Thereby, the second heat exchanger 30 can be reduced in size.
- the steam heater 25 A heat exchanger may be provided so as to heat by exhaust heat, and the junction of the flow paths L6c, L6d and the flow path L2 may be changed downstream from the second heat exchanger 30.
- a branch channel that branches from the channel L7 through which the absorbing liquid A2 circulates from the first regeneration unit 22a to the second absorption unit 12b is provided, and the channel L6d, the channel L6c,
- the flow is changed to sequentially exchange heat with the flow paths L4b and L4a, and the absorption liquids A1 ′ and A1 ′′ of the flow paths L6c and L6d join the flow path L2 without exchanging heat with the flow paths L4a and L4b.
- the deformation in Fig. 2 and the deformation in Fig. 4 may be used in combination, that is, in place of the heat exchangers 29c and 29d, four heats that are heated by exhaust heat from the steam heater 25 may be used.
- a heat exchanger is provided, and in order from the upstream (high temperature) heat exchanger, the absorption liquid A1 ′′ of the flow path L6d, the absorption liquid A1 of the flow path L4b, the absorption liquid A1 ′ of the flow path L6c, and the flow path L4a Heat exchange with each absorption liquid A1, and heat exchanger
- the absorbents A1 ′, A1 ′′ of the passages L6c, L6d that have passed through are connected so as to merge downstream from the second heat exchanger 30 of the passage L2. Thereby, the absorbents A1 ′′ and tank 24 ′ of the tank 24 are connected.
- the absorption liquid A1 ′ is heated as it is without being cooled and supplied to the first regeneration unit 22a and the second regeneration unit 22b, respectively, and the heat energy consumed in the tributary system is supplied using exhaust heat.
- the temperature T5 of the absorbing liquid A1 ′ of the third regeneration unit 22c is lower than the temperature T3 of the absorbing liquid A1 ′′ of the second regeneration unit 22b, thereby reducing the regeneration rate.
- the recovery rate of the absorbing solution (A1 ′ + A1 ′′) that merges with the flow path L2 in the recovery device 7 is averaged and is lower than the recovery rate of the absorbing solution A1 ′′ in the recovery device 6 of FIG.
- the absorption tower 10 is also divided into three absorption parts, the third absorption part is disposed above the first and second absorption parts, and one circulation system and two tributary systems are configured.
- a circulation system that circulates between the third absorption part and the first regeneration part, and two tributary systems that diverge and merge from this circulation system, one of which has an absorption liquid as the first.
- the other From the 3 absorption parts to the first reproduction part via the second absorption part-second reproduction part The other is connected to the flow path so as to be formed from the third absorption part through the first absorption part-the third regeneration part to the first regeneration part.
- the gas containing carbon dioxide released in the first regeneration unit by the heat supplied from the outside is discharged from the first absorption unit through the second absorption unit to the outside through the second absorption unit. Then, it is discharged from the third reproduction unit to the outside.
- one of the two tributary systems branching and joining from the circulation system that circulates between the third absorption unit and the first regeneration unit may be configured such that the absorption liquid passes from the third absorption unit to the second absorption unit to the second regeneration unit.
- the other further branches and joins from the tributary system and the absorption liquid flows from the second absorption unit to the second regeneration unit via the first absorption unit-third regeneration unit. Roads may be connected.
- the absorption tower and the regeneration tower into four or more parts of the absorption part and the regeneration part and circulate a plurality of kinds of absorption liquids.
- the present invention is useful for reducing the amount of carbon dioxide released and its impact on the environment by using it for the treatment of carbon dioxide-containing gas discharged from facilities such as thermal power plants, steelworks, and boilers.
- the cost required for the carbon dioxide recovery process can be reduced, and a carbon dioxide recovery device that can contribute to energy saving and environmental protection can be provided.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (22)
- ガスを吸収液に接触させてガスに含まれる二酸化炭素を吸収液に吸収させる吸収塔であって、第1吸収部及び第2吸収部を有し、前記ガスは前記第1吸収部を経て前記第2吸収部に供給されるように配設される前記吸収塔と、
前記吸収塔で二酸化炭素を吸収した吸収液を加熱し、二酸化炭素を放出させて再生する再生塔であって、第1再生部及び第2再生部を有し、前記第1再生部は外部加熱手段を有し、前記第2再生部は前記第1再生部から放出されるガスの熱によって加熱されるように配設される前記再生塔と、
前記第2吸収部と前記第1再生部との間で吸収液を循環させる循環系と、前記循環系を循環する吸収液の一部が前記第2吸収部から前記第1吸収部及び前記第2再生部を順次経由して第1再生部に向かうように前記循環系から分岐する支流系とを有する循環機構と
を有する二酸化炭素の回収装置。 - 前記第2再生部は外部加熱手段を有しない請求項1に記載の二酸化炭素の回収装置。
- 前記支流系を流通する吸収液が前記第2再生部へ供給される温度は、前記循環系を循環する吸収液が前記第1再生部へ供給される温度より低い請求項1又は2に記載の二酸化炭素の回収装置。
- 前記支流系は、前記循環系から分岐して前記第2吸収部から前記第1吸収部へ吸収液を供給する第1流路と、前記第1吸収部から前記第2再生部へ吸収液を供給する第2流路と、第2再生部から前記循環系へ合流する第3流路とを有し、
前記支流系の第1流路は、第1吸収部へ供給する吸収液を冷却する冷却器を有する請求項1~3の何れかに記載の二酸化炭素の回収装置。 - 前記循環機構は、第1熱交換器及び第2熱交換器を有し、前記第1熱交換器は、前記支流系における前記第2流路と前記第3流路との間で熱交換を行い、前記第2熱交換器は、前記循環系において、前記第2吸収部から前記第1再生部へ供給される吸収液と、前記第1再生部から前記第2吸収部へ還流される吸収液との間で熱交換を行うように各々配置される請求項4に記載の二酸化炭素の回収装置。
- 前記循環系において前記第2吸収部から前記第1再生部へ供給される吸収液は、前記第2熱交換器より上流側で、前記支流系の第3流路の吸収液と合流するように前記循環系と前記支流系とが接続される請求項5に記載の二酸化炭素の回収装置。
- 前記循環系は、前記第2吸収部から前記第1再生部へ供給される吸収液を前記第2熱交換器の上流側で貯留するタンクを有し、前記タンクにおいて前記支流系の第3流路を流通する吸収液と合流するように前記循環系と前記支流系とが接続される請求項6に記載の二酸化炭素の回収装置。
- 前記循環系は、前記第1再生部から前記第2吸収部へ吸収液を還流する分岐した第1流路及び第2流路を有し、
前記循環機構は、第1熱交換器、第2熱交換器及び第3熱交換器を有し、前記第1熱交換器は、前記循環系において第1再生部から前記第2再生部へ吸収液を還流する第1流路と前記支流系の前記第3流路との間で熱交換を行い、前記第2熱交換器は、前記循環系において、前記第2吸収部から前記第1再生部へ供給される吸収液と、前記第1再生部から前記第2吸収部へ還流される第2流路の吸収液との間で熱交換を行い、前記第3熱交換器は、前記循環系の前記第1流路における前記第1熱交換器より下流側で、前記支流系の前記第2流路との間の熱交換を行うように各々配置される請求項4に記載の二酸化炭素の回収装置。 - 前記循環系は、更に、前記第2吸収部から前記第1再生部へ供給される吸収液の一部を、前記再生塔の外部加熱手段における余熱を利用して加熱するための流路及び熱交換器を有する請求項1~8の何れかに記載の二酸化炭素の回収装置。
- 前記吸収塔は、前記第1吸収部及び前記第2吸収部が各々分配される2つの独立した塔を有し、前記再生塔は、第1再生部及び第2再生部が各々分配される2つの独立した塔を有する請求項1~9の何れかに記載の二酸化炭素の回収装置。
- 前記再生塔は、更に、前記第2再生部から放出されるガスの熱によって加熱する第3再生部を有し、前記循環機構の支流系は、吸収液が前記第1吸収部と前記第2再生部との間に前記第3再生部を経由するように設けられる請求項1~9の何れかに記載の二酸化炭素の回収装置。
- 前記再生塔は、更に、前記第2再生部から放出されるガスの熱によって加熱する第3再生部を有し、前記循環機構の支流系は、前記循環系を循環する吸収液の一部が前記第2吸収部から前記第1吸収部及び前記第3再生部を順次経由して第1再生部に向かうように前記支流系から分岐する追加の支流系を有する請求項1~9の何れかに記載の二酸化炭素の回収装置。
- ガスを吸収液に接触させてガスに含まれる二酸化炭素を吸収液に吸収させる吸収処理であって、第1吸収工程及び第2吸収工程を有し、ガスは前記第1吸収工程を経て前記第2吸収工程に供給される前記吸収処理と、
前記吸収処理で二酸化炭素を吸収した吸収液を加熱し、二酸化炭素を放出させて再生する再生処理であって、第1再生工程及び第2再生工程を有し、前記第1再生工程では外部加熱手段を利用して加熱し、前記第2再生工程は前記第1再生工程において放出されるガスの熱によって加熱する前記再生処理と、
前記第2吸収工程と前記第1再生工程との間で吸収液を循環させる循環工程と、前記循環工程で循環する前記吸収液の一部を、前記第2吸収工程から前記第1吸収工程及び前記第2再生工程を順次経由して前記第1再生工程に向かうように分流する支流工程と
を有する二酸化炭素の回収方法。 - 前記第2再生工程は外部加熱手段を用いない請求項13に記載の二酸化炭素の回収方法。
- 前記支流工程の吸収液が前記第2再生工程へ供給される際の温度は、前記循環工程で循環する吸収液が前記第1再生工程へ供給される際の温度より低い請求項13又は14に記載の二酸化炭素の回収方法。
- 前記支流工程は、前記第2吸収工程から前記第1吸収工程へ吸収液を供給する第1工程と、前記第1吸収工程から前記第2再生工程へ吸収液を供給する第2工程と、第2再生工程から前記循環工程へ供給する第3工程とを有し、
前記支流工程の第1工程は、第1吸収工程へ供給する吸収液を冷却する冷却工程を有する請求項13~15の何れかに記載の二酸化炭素の回収方法。 - 第1熱交換工程及び第2熱交換工程を有し、前記第1熱交換工程は、前記支流工程における前記第2工程の吸収液と前記第3工程の吸収液との間で熱交換を行い、前記第2熱交換工程は、前記循環工程における、前記第2吸収工程から前記第1再生工程へ供給される吸収液と、前記第1再生工程から前記第2吸収工程へ還流される吸収液との間で熱交換を行う請求項16に記載の二酸化炭素の回収方法。
- 前記循環工程において前記第2吸収工程から前記第1再生工程へ供給される吸収液は、前記第2熱交換工程の前に、前記支流工程の第3工程の吸収液と合流させる請求項17に記載の二酸化炭素の回収方法。
- 前記循環工程は、前記第1再生工程から前記第2吸収工程へ吸収液を還流する並行した第1工程及び第2工程を有し、
更に、第1熱交換工程、第2熱交換工程及び第3熱交換工程を有し、前記第1熱交換工程では、前記循環工程において第1再生工程から前記第2再生工程へ還流する第1工程の吸収液と前記支流工程の前記第3工程における吸収液との間で熱交換を行い、前記第2熱交換工程では、前記循環工程において、前記第2吸収工程から前記第1再生工程へ供給される吸収液と、前記第1再生工程から前記第2吸収工程へ還流される第2工程の吸収液との間で熱交換を行い、前記第3熱交換工程では、前記循環工程の前記第1工程における前記第1熱交換工程の後の吸収液と、前記支流工程の前記第2工程の吸収液との間で熱交換を行う請求項16に記載の二酸化炭素の回収方法。 - 前記循環工程は、更に、前記第2吸収工程から前記第1再生工程へ供給される吸収液の一部を、前記再生処理の外部加熱手段における余熱を利用して加熱するための熱交換工程を有する請求項13~19の何れかに記載の二酸化炭素の回収方法。
- 前記再生処理は、更に、前記第2再生工程で放出されるガスの熱によって吸収液を加熱する第3再生工程を有し、前記支流工程において、前記第1吸収工程と前記第2再生工程との間に前記第3再生工程が施される請求項13~20の何れかに記載の二酸化炭素の回収方法。
- 前記再生処理は、更に、前記第2再生工程で放出されるガスの熱によって吸収液を加熱する第3再生工程を有し、前記支流工程は、前記第1吸収工程の後の吸収液の一部が、前記第3再生工程を経由した後に第1再生工程に供給されるように吸収液を分流する追加の支流工程を有する請求項13~20の何れかに記載の二酸化炭素の回収方法。
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