WO2013160614A1 - Ligne de propagation radiofrequence a ondes lentes - Google Patents
Ligne de propagation radiofrequence a ondes lentes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013160614A1 WO2013160614A1 PCT/FR2013/050908 FR2013050908W WO2013160614A1 WO 2013160614 A1 WO2013160614 A1 WO 2013160614A1 FR 2013050908 W FR2013050908 W FR 2013050908W WO 2013160614 A1 WO2013160614 A1 WO 2013160614A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- insulating layer
- nanowires
- plane
- conductive
- line
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000272201 Columbiformes Species 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 silver aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P9/00—Delay lines of the waveguide type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
- H01P3/003—Coplanar lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
- H01P3/02—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type with two longitudinal conductors
- H01P3/08—Microstrips; Strip lines
- H01P3/081—Microstriplines
- H01P3/082—Multilayer dielectric
Definitions
- Radio frequency means here the area of millimeter or submillimeter waves, in a frequency range of 10 to 500 GHz.
- the continuous development of integrated circuits is proving to be capable of very high frequency operations in the field of radio frequencies.
- the passive elements used include adapters, attenuators, power dividers, filters, antennas, phase shifters, baluns, etc.
- the propagation lines connecting these elements constitute a basic element in an RF circuit. For this purpose, high quality factor propagation lines are required.
- the quality factor is an essential parameter because it represents the insertion losses of a propagation line for a given phase shift.
- these propagation lines comprise a conductive ribbon having lateral dimensions of less than 10 to approximately 50 ⁇ m and a thickness of the order of one micrometer (0.5 to 3 ⁇ m depending on the technology used).
- This conductive ribbon is surrounded by one or more lateral conductors, upper and / or lower constituting ground planes for forming with the conductive strip a waveguide type structure.
- the strip conductor and the ground planes are made of ele ⁇ metallization levels of elements formed over a semiconductor substrate.
- the simplest high frequency propagation line is that illustrated in FIG. 1.
- This line comprises a conductive microstrip 1 of surface per unit length S disposed above a thin insulating layer 3 itself formed above a conductive ground plane 5 resting on a substrate 7.
- this dielectric permittivity depends on the material constituting the insulating layer 3 and high permittivity materials are often difficult to deposit materials and not very compatible with achievements in the context of integrated circuits.
- these solutions if they actually tend to increase the capacitance C, tend to reduce the inductance L.
- the product CL then remains substantially constant. So we looked for other ways to obtain miniaturized propagation lines and high quality factor.
- a type of propagation line particularly per ⁇ forming is described in US Patent No. 6,950,590 of which Figure 4a is reproduced in Figure 2 attached.
- a silicon substrate 128 coated with metal levels separated by an insulator 127 is formed a lower conductive plane 136 divided into parallel strips of small width, for example of the order of 0.1 to 3 microns.
- a central conductive strip 122 constituting the propagation line itself is surrounded by coplanar lateral mass ribbons 124, 126.
- the line of this US patent has many advantages in terms of its low losses, it has the disadvantage of occupying a relatively large area due to the need to provide two ground planes on either side of the spread ribbon.
- the width of the entire line including both planes Lateral conductors should be in the order of 50 to 125 ⁇ m, the highest value corresponding to the highest quality factor.
- the frequencies of use are limited to values of the order of 60 to 100 GHz.
- the width of the parallel strips constituting the division of the lower conductive plane 136 can not be practically reduced to values of less than 0.2 ⁇ m, except to use very advanced and very expensive technologies and, consequently, when the frequency increases. it begins to circulate eddy currents in these bands, resulting in losses that can be significant.
- the article by M. Colombe et al appeared in IEEE antennas and wireless propagation letters, Vol. 6, 2007, describes a dielectric structure for microstrip circuits, as illustrated in FIG. 3.
- This structure comprises a line 21 formed on a first face of a first insulating substrate 22 whose second face rests on the first face of a second insulating substrate 23 traversed by conducting vias 24.
- On the second face of the second insulating substrate 23 is formed a conductive plane 25, in electrical contact with the vias 24.
- the substrates 22 and 24 are indicated as consisting of the material "Duroid 6002 "and as having the same thicknesses (0.508 mm).
- This article is intended for devices operating at frequencies of 1 to 5 GHz.
- the article states that the structure allows for "wavelength compression" which corresponds to a reduction in the phase velocity of the wave resulting in a reduction in area per unit length. This reduction, however, appears to be insufficient and the structure is not suitable for frequencies above 10 GHZ.
- 100 GHz for example up to 500 GHz.
- an embodiment of the present invention aims at producing a microstrip line, which is a propagation line with a minimum surface area per unit length, having low losses and being able to operate at frequencies up to a value of around 500 GHz.
- an embodiment of the present invention aims at providing a support for a system operating at a high frequency in which the electric field bound to the line concentrates on a minimum thickness while the magnetic field can extend much more widely.
- An embodiment of the present invention provides a radiofrequency propagation line comprising a conductive ribbon formed on a first insulating layer having a first thickness, h1, associated with a conductive plane parallel to the plane of said ribbon, wherein the conductive plane comprises a network nanowires of an electrically conductive and non-magnetic material extending in a second insulating layer (35) having a second thickness, h2, to the first insulating layer, orthogonal to the conductive ribbon plane, in the direction of said ribbon, the ratio hl / h2 between the thicknesses of the first and second insulating layer being less than 0.05.
- the nanowires are formed in a ceramic layer formed on a conductive plane, this ceramic layer itself being coated with an insulating layer.
- the ceramic layer is an alumina layer.
- the first insulating layer has a thickness of the order of 0.5 to 2 ⁇ m and the nanowires have a length of 50 ⁇ m to 1 mm.
- the nanowires have a diameter of 30 to 200 nm and a spacing of 60 to 450 nm.
- One embodiment of the present invention provides a radiofrequency component support comprising, under a first insulating layer, a second insulating layer traversed by nanowires connected to a conductive plane, the ratio h1 / h2 between the thicknesses of the first and second insulating layers. being less than 0.05.
- Figure 1 previously described, is a perspective view illustrating a micro type propagation line ⁇ tape
- Figure 2 described above, is a reproduc ⁇ tion of Figure 4a of US Patent 6,950,590;
- Figure 3 previously described, illustrates the structure described in the aforementioned article by M. Colombe et al;
- Figure 4 is a sectional view of a mode realized ⁇ a microstrip line type slow wave
- Figure 5 shows an enlargement of a portion of Figure 4.
- Figure 6 is a graph illustrating the phase velocity of a line as a function of physical characteristics of that line.
- Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of a microstrip type line.
- a conductive strip 31 rests on a first insulating layer 33 formed on a second insulating layer 35 resting on a ground plane 37 which can be formed on top of a substrate 39.
- the insulating layer 33 may be a layer of silicon oxide or other insulating material commonly used in the field of integrated circuit manufacturing.
- the layer 37 has for example a thickness of 0.5 to 2 ⁇ m.
- the second insulating layer 35 is for example a layer of a ceramic such as alumina.
- the layer 35 is provided with substantially vertical cavities (in a plane orthogonal to the plane of the ribbon line 31).
- the cavities are filled with nanowires 36 in a non-magnetic conductive material, for example copper, silver aluminum or gold, in electrical contact with the ground plane 37.
- a non-magnetic conductive material for example copper, silver aluminum or gold
- the nanowires 36 may have a small diameter, for example from 30 to 200 nm with an edge-to-edge distance of 60 to 450 nm.
- Their length, which corresponds to the thickness h2 of the insulating layer 35 may be from 50 ⁇ m to 1 mm, that is to say that, if h1 is equal to 2.5 ⁇ m, the ratio h1 / h2 will be between 0.0025 and 0.05.
- FIG. 5 illustrates the shape of the electric field lines E and the magnetic field lines H, when a signal is applied to the line 31.
- the electric field does not vary below this interface between the layers 33 and 35.
- the magnetic field H the field lines penetrate freely into the second insulating material 35 without being disturbed by the nanowires. which are in a non-magnetic material.
- the microstrip may have a width of only a few ⁇ m, for example 3 to 10 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 6 represents the variation of the phase velocity Vc as a function of the ratio h1 / h2.
- Vc remains substantially constant as the ratio hl / h2 is greater than 0.4 but decreases rapidly as soon as hl / h2 becomes less than 0.2.
- Vc halves as soon as hl / h2 becomes less than 0.05. It will be appreciated that such values of hl / h2 and thus Vc are not suggested in the aforementioned Colombe article and could not be achieved with the types of substrate described therein.
- the diameter of the nanowires may be chosen to be smaller than the skin thickness of the conductive material constituting the nanowires at the intended frequency of use.
- the skin thickness at 60 GHz is of the order of 250 nm. It will be easy to make nano ⁇ son of smaller diameter. The smaller the diameter, the less eddy current will be created in these nanowires and the lower the magnetic field losses will be.
- a radiofrequency component support comprising, under a first insulating layer, a second insulating layer traversed by nanowires connected to a conductive plane, for any application in which it is desired to have a material having a first thickness iso ⁇ lante from the point of view of the distribution of electric fields and a second insulating thickness greater than the first of the point of view of the distribution of magnetic fields.
- the second insulating layer traversed by nanowires may be air.
- the nanowires are vertical nanowires extending from a conductive plane. Note that these nanowires are not necessarily strictly vertical ⁇ but can extend along porosities of a layer of a selected material, for example a ceramic, the important thing is that there is electrical continuity between the end of the nanowires in contact with the conductive plane and their end located at the upper level of the insulating layer 35.
Landscapes
- Waveguides (AREA)
- Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
- Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BR112014026437A BR112014026437A2 (pt) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-04-24 | linha de propagação radiofrequência com ondas lentas |
KR1020147031273A KR102072178B1 (ko) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-04-24 | 서파 무선주파수 전달선 |
US14/395,176 US9653773B2 (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-04-24 | Slow wave RF propagation line including a network of nanowires |
BR112014026501-1A BR112014026501B1 (pt) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-04-24 | Linha de transmissão de radiofrequência |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1253759 | 2012-04-24 | ||
FR1253759A FR2989842B1 (fr) | 2012-04-24 | 2012-04-24 | Ligne de propagation radiofrequence a ondes lentes |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2013160614A1 true WO2013160614A1 (fr) | 2013-10-31 |
Family
ID=46852116
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2013/050908 WO2013160614A1 (fr) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-04-24 | Ligne de propagation radiofrequence a ondes lentes |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9653773B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR102072178B1 (fr) |
BR (2) | BR112014026437A2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2989842B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2013160614A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6491078B2 (ja) * | 2015-11-25 | 2019-03-27 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 伝送線路 |
US11757166B2 (en) | 2020-11-10 | 2023-09-12 | Aptiv Technologies Limited | Surface-mount waveguide for vertical transitions of a printed circuit board |
US11749883B2 (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2023-09-05 | Aptiv Technologies Limited | Waveguide with radiation slots and parasitic elements for asymmetrical coverage |
US11901601B2 (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2024-02-13 | Aptiv Technologies Limited | Waveguide with a zigzag for suppressing grating lobes |
US11444364B2 (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2022-09-13 | Aptiv Technologies Limited | Folded waveguide for antenna |
US11616306B2 (en) | 2021-03-22 | 2023-03-28 | Aptiv Technologies Limited | Apparatus, method and system comprising an air waveguide antenna having a single layer material with air channels therein which is interfaced with a circuit board |
US11962085B2 (en) | 2021-05-13 | 2024-04-16 | Aptiv Technologies AG | Two-part folded waveguide having a sinusoidal shape channel including horn shape radiating slots formed therein which are spaced apart by one-half wavelength |
US11616282B2 (en) | 2021-08-03 | 2023-03-28 | Aptiv Technologies Limited | Transition between a single-ended port and differential ports having stubs that match with input impedances of the single-ended and differential ports |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP1376745A1 (fr) * | 2002-06-27 | 2004-01-02 | Harris Corporation | Filtre à impedances échelonnées à large efficacité |
US20070188275A1 (en) * | 2004-03-11 | 2007-08-16 | Nec Corporation | Transmission line element and method of frabricating the same |
WO2010003808A2 (fr) * | 2008-07-07 | 2010-01-14 | Kildal Antenna Consulting Ab | Guide d’ondes et lignes de transmission dans des interstices entre des surfaces conductrices parallèles |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2418674A1 (fr) * | 2003-02-07 | 2004-08-07 | Tak Shun Cheung | Lignes de transmission et elements de ligne de transmission a reduction de longueur d'onde et blindage |
JP4705377B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-03 | 2011-06-22 | ソニー株式会社 | 配線基板 |
KR20150025706A (ko) * | 2013-08-30 | 2015-03-11 | 한국과학기술원 | 고품질계수와 단파장을 가지는 저속파 마이크로스트립 라인 구조체 및 그 제조방법 |
-
2012
- 2012-04-24 FR FR1253759A patent/FR2989842B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-04-24 WO PCT/FR2013/050908 patent/WO2013160614A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2013-04-24 KR KR1020147031273A patent/KR102072178B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2013-04-24 BR BR112014026437A patent/BR112014026437A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-04-24 BR BR112014026501-1A patent/BR112014026501B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2013-04-24 US US14/395,176 patent/US9653773B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1376745A1 (fr) * | 2002-06-27 | 2004-01-02 | Harris Corporation | Filtre à impedances échelonnées à large efficacité |
US20070188275A1 (en) * | 2004-03-11 | 2007-08-16 | Nec Corporation | Transmission line element and method of frabricating the same |
WO2010003808A2 (fr) * | 2008-07-07 | 2010-01-14 | Kildal Antenna Consulting Ab | Guide d’ondes et lignes de transmission dans des interstices entre des surfaces conductrices parallèles |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Title |
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AGGARWAL A O ET AL: "New paradigm in ic-package interconnections by reworkable nano-interconnects", ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND TECHNOLOGY, 2004. ECTC '04. PROCEEDINGS LAS VEGAS, NV, USA JUNE 1-4, 2004, PISCATAWAY, NJ, USA,IEEE, vol. 1, 1 June 2004 (2004-06-01), pages 451 - 460, XP010714711, ISBN: 978-0-7803-8365-4, DOI: 10.1109/ECTC.2004.1319378 * |
A-L FRANC ET AL: "Metallic nanowire filled membrane for slow wave microstrip transmission lines", SEMICONDUCTOR CONFERENCE DRESDEN-GRENOBLE (ISCDG), 2012 INTERNATIONAL, IEEE, 24 September 2012 (2012-09-24), pages 191 - 194, XP032271718, ISBN: 978-1-4673-1717-7, DOI: 10.1109/ISCDG.2012.6360022 * |
M. COLOMBE ET AL., IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS, vol. 6, 2007 |
MARTIN COULOMBE ET AL: "Substrate Integrated Artificial Dielectric (SIAD) Structure for Miniaturized Microstrip Circuits", IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS, IEEE, PISCATAWAY, NJ, US, vol. 6, 1 January 2007 (2007-01-01), pages 575 - 579, XP011196280, ISSN: 1536-1225 * |
WILLIAM WHITTOW ET AL: "Microwave aperture antennas using nanomaterials", ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION (EUCAP), 2010 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON, IEEE, PISCATAWAY, NJ, USA, 12 April 2010 (2010-04-12), pages 1 - 4, XP031705828, ISBN: 978-1-4244-6431-9 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2989842B1 (fr) | 2015-07-17 |
US9653773B2 (en) | 2017-05-16 |
FR2989842A1 (fr) | 2013-10-25 |
US20150070110A1 (en) | 2015-03-12 |
BR112014026437A2 (pt) | 2016-05-10 |
BR112014026501A2 (pt) | 2019-12-10 |
KR20150035688A (ko) | 2015-04-07 |
BR112014026501B1 (pt) | 2022-08-30 |
KR102072178B1 (ko) | 2020-01-31 |
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